WO2015067801A1 - A system and method for selecting an audio file using motion sensor data - Google Patents

A system and method for selecting an audio file using motion sensor data Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015067801A1
WO2015067801A1 PCT/EP2014/074173 EP2014074173W WO2015067801A1 WO 2015067801 A1 WO2015067801 A1 WO 2015067801A1 EP 2014074173 W EP2014074173 W EP 2014074173W WO 2015067801 A1 WO2015067801 A1 WO 2015067801A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
audio file
computing device
selecting
user
motion
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2014/074173
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Ciara Lourda Clancy
Cianan Colm Clancy
Wui Mei Chew
Original Assignee
Beats Medical Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Beats Medical Limited filed Critical Beats Medical Limited
Priority to US15/035,231 priority Critical patent/US9955906B2/en
Priority to EP14815245.7A priority patent/EP3065836B1/en
Priority to ES14815245T priority patent/ES2762542T3/en
Priority to DK14815245.7T priority patent/DK3065836T3/en
Publication of WO2015067801A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015067801A1/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/40—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the nervous system
    • A61B5/4076—Diagnosing or monitoring particular conditions of the nervous system
    • A61B5/4082—Diagnosing or monitoring movement diseases, e.g. Parkinson, Huntington or Tourette
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/0002—Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network
    • A61B5/0015—Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network characterised by features of the telemetry system
    • A61B5/0022—Monitoring a patient using a global network, e.g. telephone networks, internet
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/103—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for testing the shape, pattern, colour, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes
    • A61B5/11—Measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof, e.g. head or hand tremor, mobility of a limb
    • A61B5/112—Gait analysis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
    • A61B5/6887—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient mounted on external non-worn devices, e.g. non-medical devices
    • A61B5/6898—Portable consumer electronic devices, e.g. music players, telephones, tablet computers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
    • A61B5/7271—Specific aspects of physiological measurement analysis
    • A61B5/7282—Event detection, e.g. detecting unique waveforms indicative of a medical condition
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/033—Pointing devices displaced or positioned by the user, e.g. mice, trackballs, pens or joysticks; Accessories therefor
    • G06F3/0346—Pointing devices displaced or positioned by the user, e.g. mice, trackballs, pens or joysticks; Accessories therefor with detection of the device orientation or free movement in a 3D space, e.g. 3D mice, 6-DOF [six degrees of freedom] pointers using gyroscopes, accelerometers or tilt-sensors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H1/00—Details of electrophonic musical instruments
    • G10H1/0008—Associated control or indicating means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H1/00—Details of electrophonic musical instruments
    • G10H1/36—Accompaniment arrangements
    • G10H1/40—Rhythm
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2560/00—Constructional details of operational features of apparatus; Accessories for medical measuring apparatus
    • A61B2560/02—Operational features
    • A61B2560/0223—Operational features of calibration, e.g. protocols for calibrating sensors
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2562/00—Details of sensors; Constructional details of sensor housings or probes; Accessories for sensors
    • A61B2562/02—Details of sensors specially adapted for in-vivo measurements
    • A61B2562/0219—Inertial sensors, e.g. accelerometers, gyroscopes, tilt switches
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/16—Sound input; Sound output
    • G06F3/162—Interface to dedicated audio devices, e.g. audio drivers, interface to CODECs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H2220/00—Input/output interfacing specifically adapted for electrophonic musical tools or instruments
    • G10H2220/021—Indicator, i.e. non-screen output user interfacing, e.g. visual or tactile instrument status or guidance information using lights, LEDs, seven segments displays
    • G10H2220/086—Beats per minute [bpm] indicator, i.e. displaying a tempo value, e.g. in words or as numerical value in beats per minute
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H2220/00—Input/output interfacing specifically adapted for electrophonic musical tools or instruments
    • G10H2220/155—User input interfaces for electrophonic musical instruments
    • G10H2220/395—Acceleration sensing or accelerometer use, e.g. 3D movement computation by integration of accelerometer data, angle sensing with respect to the vertical, i.e. gravity sensing.
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H2230/00—General physical, ergonomic or hardware implementation of electrophonic musical tools or instruments, e.g. shape or architecture
    • G10H2230/005—Device type or category
    • G10H2230/015—PDA [personal digital assistant] or palmtop computing devices used for musical purposes, e.g. portable music players, tablet computers, e-readers or smart phones in which mobile telephony functions need not be used
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H2240/00—Data organisation or data communication aspects, specifically adapted for electrophonic musical tools or instruments
    • G10H2240/121—Musical libraries, i.e. musical databases indexed by musical parameters, wavetables, indexing schemes using musical parameters, musical rule bases or knowledge bases, e.g. for automatic composing methods
    • G10H2240/131—Library retrieval, i.e. searching a database or selecting a specific musical piece, segment, pattern, rule or parameter set
    • G10H2240/135—Library retrieval index, i.e. using an indexing scheme to efficiently retrieve a music piece

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a system and method for selecting an audio file using motion sensor data.
  • PD Parkinson's disease
  • a method for selecting an audio file using motion data from a mobile computing device the mobile computing device connected to or held by a user and comprising or coupled to motion sensors operable to detect motion of the user, the method comprising steps of:
  • the step of setting a sensitivity level for the motion sensors comprises calibrating the motion sensors to detect steps of a user according to one or more of stride length, speed and cadence.
  • the ability to adapt the sensitivity of the motion sensors in this way ensures that the present invention may be adapted to the specific gait requirements of a user so that steps having a smaller (or indeed larger) amplitude and/or stride length from a pre-determined level may be correctly sensed, which is important for patients suffering from Parkinson's disease.
  • the step of setting a sensitivity level for the motion sensors is performed automatically by the mobile computing device.
  • the method comprises the further step of: using the motion sensors to detect a change in the motion of the user, and using the detected change of motion to determine whether the user is suffering from a motion event relating to Parkinson's disease.
  • Such a step involves detecting the deceleration rate of motion of the user, and then comparing the detected deceleration rate to a predetermined range of deceleration rates and if the detected deceleration rate falls within the predetermined range recording motion data relating to the detected deceleration.
  • a motion event would indicate that the user has suffered a true Parkinson's freezing event, or alternatively if the detected deceleration rate falls outside the predetermined range, that the user has stopped stepping for other reasons not related to Parkinson's disease.
  • the step of generating a metronome beat file is performed at a remote computing device or by the mobile computing device.
  • the step of computing a metronome beat based on the step data comprises a step of applying a multiplication factor to the step data obtained before a metronome beat file is generated.
  • the metronome beat and predefined beat parameter is measured in beats per minute.
  • a plurality of audio files, each having a different predefined beat parameter is stored in storage means of the mobile computing device or a remote external storage means.
  • the method comprises a step of receiving audio files at or downloading audio files to the mobile computing device.
  • the audio files are stored in storage means of a remote computing device.
  • the audio files have beat parameters in the range of 5 beats per minute to 300 beats per minute, although it will be understood that audio files may be provided in any range as required or as desired.
  • the method comprises the further step of transmitting the step data and/or metronome beat to a remote computing device.
  • the motion sensors comprise an accelerometer and/or a gyroscope.
  • the mobile computing device is a mobile phone with a computing processor, such as a smart phone or other computing device, such as a laptop or a PC, a wrist or smart watch, or an external device, such as an accelerometer, a pedometer or other external device having computer processor means.
  • a computing processor such as a smart phone or other computing device, such as a laptop or a PC, a wrist or smart watch, or an external device, such as an accelerometer, a pedometer or other external device having computer processor means.
  • the remote computing device is a computer server.
  • a system for selecting an audio file using motion data from a mobile computing device connected to or held by a user comprising:
  • At least one mobile computing device comprising or coupled to motion sensors; means for setting a sensitivity level for the motion sensors such that the motion sensors are operable to detect when a step is taken by the user;
  • the means for setting a sensitivity level for the motion sensors comprises means for calibrating the motion sensors to detect steps of a user according to one or more of stride length, speed and cadence.
  • the system comprises means for setting a sensitivity level for the motion sensors is performed automatically by the mobile computing device.
  • the motion sensors are operable to detect a change in the motion of the user, whereby the detected change of motion is used to determine whether the user is suffering from a motion event relating to Parkinson's disease.
  • the motion sensors are operable to detect deceleration of motion of the user, the system comprising means for comparing the detected deceleration to a predetermined range and if the detected deceleration falls within the predetermined range the system is operable to record motion data relating to the detected deceleration.
  • the system comprises means for generating a metronome beat file at a remote computing device or by the mobile computing device.
  • the system comprises means for applying a multiplication factor to the step data obtained before a metronome beat file is generated.
  • the metronome beat and predefined beat parameter is measured in beats per minute.
  • the system comprises storage means for storing a plurality of audio files, each having a different predefined beat parameter.
  • the system comprises means for receiving audio files at or downloading audio files to the mobile computing device.
  • the system comprises means for transmitting the step data and/or metronome beat to a remote computing device.
  • the system comprises an accelerometer and/or a gyroscope to detect the motion of the user.
  • the accelerometer comprises means to detect 3-axis acceleration, deceleration or movement of the user.
  • the mobile computing device is a mobile phone with a computing processor, such as a smart phone, or other computing device, such as a laptop or a PC, a wrist or smart watch, or an external device, such as an accelerometer
  • Fig. 1 is a flow diagram of the steps in a method for selecting an audio file and delivering the audio file to a mobile computing device according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a stylised schematic of a system for selecting an audio file and delivering the audio file to a mobile computing device according to the invention
  • Figs. 3 to 18 are screen displays of a user interface for an implementation on a mobile computing of the method according to Fig. 1.
  • FIG. 1 there is a flow diagram 1 showing the steps in a method for selecting an audio file from a mobile computing device connected to or held by a user, the computing device having or being communicatively coupled with motion sensors.
  • a plurality of audio files, each having audio content with a different predefined beat parameter, is stored optionally in a compressed format, and on storage means or in a library of the mobile computing device.
  • the audio files may be downloaded to the mobile computing device from a remote computing device.
  • the audio files may be stored in storage means of the remote computing device.
  • the audio files may be, for example, in MP3 format or other audio format, and have beat parameters in the range of 5 beats per minute to 300 beats per minute, although it will be understood that audio files may be provided in any range of beats per minute as required or as desired.
  • step 1 the mobile computing device is caused to move as a result of the user walking while the mobile computing device is connected to them in such a way that motion sensors of the mobile computing device may detect the motion of the user and generate motion data based on user movement.
  • the motion sensors comprise or are provided as an accelerometer or other means operable to detect 3-axis acceleration or movement of the user.
  • step data is computed from the motion data based on a number of steps taken by the user in a specific period of time, such as one, two, three, four or more minutes. At the conclusion of this initial specific period of time for collecting motion data a loud audible beeping sound may be triggered to let the user know that the initial period of time has passed.
  • the step of computing the step data further comprises a step of calibrating the accelerometer according to one or more of reduced stride length, speed and cadence.
  • This optional step uses the 3-axis (or X, Y, Z co-ordinates) of the accelerometer.
  • the X, Y, Z, coordinates are identified and movement calibration is honed for specific gait issues that day, for example, reduced stride length, speed or cadence to enhance accuracy of system analysis.
  • These adjustments allow for the system to not over or underestimate user movement which differs from an average healthy person who does not have PD.
  • Standard settings may overestimate patients cadence (steps/min) and therefore must be adjusted daily to the user's PD symptoms and so may be performed at different times, such as first thing in the morning, in order to adapt the sensitivity of the mobile computing device.
  • the present invention comprises a step of setting a sensitivity level for the motion sensors which comprises calibrating the motion sensors to detect steps of a user according to one or more of stride length, speed and cadence.
  • the ability to adapt the sensitivity of the motion sensors in this way ensures that the present invention may be adapted to the specific gait requirements of a user so that steps having a smaller (or indeed larger) amplitude and/or stride length from a pre-determined level may be correctly sensed, which is important for patients suffering from Parkinson's disease.
  • Such a step of setting a sensitivity level for the motion sensors may also be performed automatically by the mobile computing device.
  • a metronome beat based on the step data is computed by recording the total number of steps walked in two minutes and the average number of steps per minute. To this step data, and in order to prescribe a user's optimum metronome beat for a day, one of the following computations is applied:
  • the standard algorithm applied will be the average baseline steps/min x1.1. However this may be adapted to average baseline steps/min x 0.9 if the clinician remotely monitoring the user considers that this is desirable, such as due to a decreased stride length, to address gait deterioration in the user.
  • the patient will then be provided with their individually prescribed metronome beat, in beats per minute, for the day and, at step 5, a metronome beat file is generated.
  • the metronome beat file may be generated by the mobile computing device or at a remote computing device to which the motion and/or step data has been transmitted from the mobile computing device. It will be understood that the metronome beat file thus encodes data or tags relating to the step data, including the metronome beat computed according to the above algorithm.
  • a stored audio file having a predefined beat parameter in beats per minute matching the metronome beat of the metronome beat file is automatically selected. For example, if the metronome file generated includes a metronome beat computed as above of sixty beats per minute, then the audio file selected also has audio content including a metronome beat of sixty beats per minute. The sound wave of the audio file selected will match the metronome beat which has already been calculated in calibration.
  • the audio file selected is played via audio output means so that the user may hear it.
  • the audio output means may be provided as a speaker of the mobile computing device, a headphone system coupled to the mobile computing device, and/or as a separate audio output device adapted for the user.
  • the user receives via audio output means an individually prescribed metronome beat prescription as a treatment to override the dysfunction of the basal ganglia in the brain and generate the correct impulses (auditory cues) for overcoming symptoms externally so as to improve the quality of walking and prevent freezing episodes.
  • the motion sensors of the mobile computing device again detect the motion of the user in response to the treatment provided at step 7, and this data is transmitted to the remote computer server, such as via a cloud computing network arrangement for review by qualified physiotherapists to identify deteriorations in real time and recommend the next steps to take in furthering treatment for the user.
  • the present invention may also use the motion sensors to detect a change in the motion of the user, and then use the detected change of motion to determine whether the user is suffering from a motion event relating to Parkinson's disease.
  • Such a step involves detecting the deceleration rate of motion of the user, and then comparing the detected deceleration rate to a predetermined range of deceleration rates and if the detected deceleration rate falls within the predetermined range recording motion data relating to the detected deceleration.
  • a motion event would indicate that the user has suffered a true Parkinson's freezing event, or alternatively if the detected deceleration rate falls outside the predetermined range, that the user has stopped stepping for other reasons not related to Parkinson's disease.
  • the ability to utilise motion sensors such as are an accelerometer to detect deceleration rate would allow detection of a "true Parkinson's freeze" (a known Parkinson's symptom) as opposed to a standard stop.
  • the present invention also includes an automated voice training program.
  • the patient is provided a word which they say aloud, and the sound has to reach a certain decibel level (such as that of average speech, which is 60db).
  • a decibel level such as that of average speech, which is 60db.
  • FIG. 2 there is shown a system for implementing the method according to the present invention.
  • the system 10 comprises at least one mobile computing device 12, such as a smart phone or other computing device, such as a laptop or a PC, a wrist or smart watch, or an accelerometer or pedometer having computer processor means, and motion sensors 14 or motion detecting means integrated therein or associated therewith, and processor means 16 for obtaining motion data from the motion sensors and computing from the motion data step data based on a number of steps taken by a user in a specific period of time.
  • Fig. 2 shows one mobile computing device 12, it will be understood that the present invention may comprise a plurality of such devices 12 coupled to a remote server computer 22 via internet 24.
  • the processor means 16 is further operable for computing a metronome beat based on the step data and generating a metronome beat file, and also for selecting from storage means 18 of the mobile computing device 12 a stored audio file having a predefined beat parameter matching the metronome beat of the metronome beat file.
  • the mobile computing device further comprises audio output means 20 for playing the audio file so that it may be heard by a user.
  • the audio output means 20 may be a speaker integrated with the mobile computing device 12, or a headphone system coupled with the mobile computing device 12, and/or as a separate external audio output device adapted for the user to hear the audio file as it is being played.
  • the present invention also envisages, as a mobile computing device, a pedometer having computer processor means and audio output means.
  • the present invention is implemented by computer software which is downloaded to mobile computing device 12 from a remote server computer 22 via a wired or wireless computer network, such as internet 24.
  • the computer software implementing the present invention may be provided as a software application or app which when downloaded may be run on the processor means 16.
  • Fig. 3 to 16 show screen displays of a user interface for an implementation on a mobile computing of the method according to Fig. 1.
  • a user's walking is monitored and recorded and the sensitivity of their mobile computing device is adapted or calibrated to their walking through a sensitivity bar operable for setting a sensitivity level for the motion sensors.
  • a sensitivity comprises means for calibrating the motion sensors to detect steps of a user according to one or more of stride length, speed and cadence.
  • the ability to adapt the sensitivity of the motion sensors in this way ensures that the present invention may be adapted to the specific gait requirements of a user so that steps having a smaller (or indeed larger) amplitude and/or stride length from a pre-determined level may be correctly sensed, which is important for patients suffering from Parkinson's disease.
  • Such a step of setting a sensitivity level for the motion sensors may also be performed automatically by the mobile computing device.
  • Fig. 5 shows a username and password screen 34, which when correctly filled in by a user will then provide access to the present invention via an app on their mobile phone.
  • the present invention may assess their mobility and prescribe the optimum metronome therapy based on their performance that day, the options for which are shown in Fig. 6 as screen 36.
  • Fig. 7 shows a screen 40 via which a user may set up medication reminders so that set reminders will appear automatically, as shown in screen 42 in Fig. 8.
  • Figs. 9 to 1 1 show screens 43, 44, 45 prompting a user to carry out a two minute walk test. In the instance shown the user is prompted to walk for two minutes with the app running on a mobile computing device at their waist band. The average number of steps per minute is also recorded. A computation is then applied to the results of this test to prescribe optimum metronome beat for that day to generate the required metronome beat file, the computation being one of:
  • Fig. 12 shows screen 46 displaying the individually prescribed metronome beat for the day. In the instance shown the metronome beat has been calculated as 43.
  • a stored audio file having a predefined beat parameter in beats per minute matching the metronome beat of the metronome beat file is selected.
  • the metronome file generated in the present example includes a metronome beat computed as 43 beats per minute then the audio file selected also has a metronome beat of 43 beats per minute.
  • screen 48 is displayed so that the user is prompted to move their feet in time with the audio file selected.
  • the audio file selected is played via a speaker of the mobile computing device so that the user may hear it and walk in time with the beat of the audio file.
  • the user has received via a speaker of the mobile computing device an individually prescribed metronome beat prescription as a treatment to override the dysfunction of the basal ganglia in the brain and generate the correct impulses (auditory cues) for overcoming symptoms externally so as to improve the quality of walking and prevent freezing episodes.
  • Figs. 14 and 18, screen 50 the user may be provided with one or more ten minute metronome therapy sessions each day. An anytime option is also provided in which they can use a daily metronome beats prescription as needed.
  • screen 52 users may view their progress via reports that are displayed. Such reports may also be transmitted by email.
  • a warning screen such as that of Fig. 16, screen 54 may be displayed.
  • Fig. 17 shows a home screen 55 for application software executing the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a technology solution delivered through a smart phone or other mobile computing device that improves the gait of people with PD.
  • the user's daily mobility is assessed through a mobile computing device app and then calculates the required individually prescribed treatment for each user.
  • the treatment is then delivered through audio output means, such as speakers of the mobile computing device in the form of auditory cueing.
  • the present invention provides an automated system which is made available to users via application software downloaded to a mobile computing device, such as a smart phone.
  • the present invention is operable to calculate automatically the required metronome therapy level and critically prescribe an audio cue designed specifically for that patient's current condition.
  • This treatment is then delivered as an automatic audio track via the app and plays through the audio system of the mobile computing device.
  • This mobility data is then sent to a remote computing server via wired or wireless connectivity means where it is assessed and the above specialised algorithms are applied.
  • the present invention has been shown to reduce episodes of freezing of gait (FOG), improves stride length, walking speed, reduces symptoms and improves overall quality of life.

Abstract

The present invention relates to a system and a method for selecting an audio file using motion data from a mobile computing device connected to or held by a user, the mobile computing device comprising or coupled to motion sensors. The method comprising steps of moving the mobile computing device, obtaining motion data from the motion sensors, computing from the motion data step data based on a number of steps taken by the user in a specific period of time, computing a metronome beat based on the step data and generating a metronome beat file, selecting a stored audio file having a predefined beat parameter matching the metronome beat of the metronome beat file, and playing the audio file. The present invention provides a technology solution delivered through a mobile computing device, such as smart phone, or other computing device, such as a laptop or a PC, a wrist or smart watch, or an accelerometer, pedometer or other external computing device having computer processor means, that improves the gait of people with Parkinson's disease. In use, the user's daily mobility is assessed through application software on a mobile computing device which is operable to calculate a required individually prescribed treatment for a user. The treatment is then delivered through speakers of the mobile computing device in the form of metronome therapy which is form of auditory cueing that is used to treat people with Parkinson's disease.

Description

A SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR SELECTING AN AUDIO FILE
USING MOTION SENSOR DATA
The present invention relates to a system and method for selecting an audio file using motion sensor data.
There are more than six million people worldwide with Parkinson's disease (PD). People with PD suffer from dysfunction of the basal ganglia and this dysfunction leads to the debilitating symptoms experienced by people with PD, including decreased walking velocity, developing a shuffling walk and episodes where walking may freeze completely, known as freezing of gait (FOG).
It is an object of the present invention to provide a system and method for overriding the dysfunction of the basal ganglia in the brain of a PD sufferer and to generate and deliver to the PD sufferer auditory cues for overcoming PD symptoms externally so as to improve the quality of walking and prevent freezing episodes.
Further aspects of the present invention will become apparent from the ensuing description which is given by way of example only.
According to the invention, there is provided a method for selecting an audio file using motion data from a mobile computing device, the mobile computing device connected to or held by a user and comprising or coupled to motion sensors operable to detect motion of the user, the method comprising steps of:
setting a sensitivity level for the motion sensors such that the motion sensors are operable to detect when a step is made by the user;
obtaining motion data from the motion sensors;
computing from the motion data step data based on a number of steps taken by the user in a specific period of time;
setting a sensitivity level for the motion sensors such that the motion sensors are operable to detect when a step is made by the user;
computing a metronome beat based on the step data and generating a metronome beat file;
selecting a stored audio file having a predefined beat parameter matching the metronome beat of the metronome beat file, and
playing the audio file on audio output means so that the audio file is heard by the user. In another embodiment of the invention, the step of setting a sensitivity level for the motion sensors comprises calibrating the motion sensors to detect steps of a user according to one or more of stride length, speed and cadence. The ability to adapt the sensitivity of the motion sensors in this way ensures that the present invention may be adapted to the specific gait requirements of a user so that steps having a smaller (or indeed larger) amplitude and/or stride length from a pre-determined level may be correctly sensed, which is important for patients suffering from Parkinson's disease. Preferably, the step of setting a sensitivity level for the motion sensors is performed automatically by the mobile computing device.
Preferably, the method comprises the further step of: using the motion sensors to detect a change in the motion of the user, and using the detected change of motion to determine whether the user is suffering from a motion event relating to Parkinson's disease.
Such a step involves detecting the deceleration rate of motion of the user, and then comparing the detected deceleration rate to a predetermined range of deceleration rates and if the detected deceleration rate falls within the predetermined range recording motion data relating to the detected deceleration. Such a motion event would indicate that the user has suffered a true Parkinson's freezing event, or alternatively if the detected deceleration rate falls outside the predetermined range, that the user has stopped stepping for other reasons not related to Parkinson's disease. In another embodiment of the invention, the step of generating a metronome beat file is performed at a remote computing device or by the mobile computing device.
Preferably, the step of computing a metronome beat based on the step data comprises a step of applying a multiplication factor to the step data obtained before a metronome beat file is generated.
Preferably, the metronome beat and predefined beat parameter is measured in beats per minute. Preferably, a plurality of audio files, each having a different predefined beat parameter, is stored in storage means of the mobile computing device or a remote external storage means. In another embodiment of the invention, the method comprises a step of receiving audio files at or downloading audio files to the mobile computing device. Alternatively, the audio files are stored in storage means of a remote computing device.
In another embodiment of the invention, the audio files have beat parameters in the range of 5 beats per minute to 300 beats per minute, although it will be understood that audio files may be provided in any range as required or as desired.
In another embodiment of the invention, the method comprises the further step of transmitting the step data and/or metronome beat to a remote computing device.
In another embodiment of the invention, the motion sensors comprise an accelerometer and/or a gyroscope.
Preferably, the mobile computing device is a mobile phone with a computing processor, such as a smart phone or other computing device, such as a laptop or a PC, a wrist or smart watch, or an external device, such as an accelerometer, a pedometer or other external device having computer processor means.
Preferably, the remote computing device is a computer server.
According to a further aspect of the invention, there is provided a system for selecting an audio file using motion data from a mobile computing device connected to or held by a user, the system comprising:
at least one mobile computing device comprising or coupled to motion sensors; means for setting a sensitivity level for the motion sensors such that the motion sensors are operable to detect when a step is taken by the user;
means for obtaining motion data from the motion sensors;
means for computing from the motion data step data based on a number of steps taken by a user in a specific period of time;
means for computing a metronome beat based on the step data and generating a metronome beat file;
means for selecting a stored audio file having a predefined beat parameter matching the metronome beat of the metronome beat file, and audio output means for playing the audio file so that the audio file is heard by the user.
Preferably, the means for setting a sensitivity level for the motion sensors comprises means for calibrating the motion sensors to detect steps of a user according to one or more of stride length, speed and cadence.
Preferably, the system comprises means for setting a sensitivity level for the motion sensors is performed automatically by the mobile computing device.
Preferably, the motion sensors are operable to detect a change in the motion of the user, whereby the detected change of motion is used to determine whether the user is suffering from a motion event relating to Parkinson's disease. Preferably, the motion sensors are operable to detect deceleration of motion of the user, the system comprising means for comparing the detected deceleration to a predetermined range and if the detected deceleration falls within the predetermined range the system is operable to record motion data relating to the detected deceleration. Preferably, the system comprises means for generating a metronome beat file at a remote computing device or by the mobile computing device.
Preferably, the system comprises means for applying a multiplication factor to the step data obtained before a metronome beat file is generated.
Preferably, the metronome beat and predefined beat parameter is measured in beats per minute.
Preferably, the system comprises storage means for storing a plurality of audio files, each having a different predefined beat parameter.
Preferably, the system comprises means for receiving audio files at or downloading audio files to the mobile computing device. Preferably, the system comprises means for transmitting the step data and/or metronome beat to a remote computing device. Preferably, the system comprises an accelerometer and/or a gyroscope to detect the motion of the user. Preferably, the accelerometer comprises means to detect 3-axis acceleration, deceleration or movement of the user.
Preferably, the mobile computing device is a mobile phone with a computing processor, such as a smart phone, or other computing device, such as a laptop or a PC, a wrist or smart watch, or an external device, such as an accelerometer
Detailed Description of the Invention
The invention will be more clearly understood from the following description of some embodiments thereof, given by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 is a flow diagram of the steps in a method for selecting an audio file and delivering the audio file to a mobile computing device according to the invention; Fig. 2 is a stylised schematic of a system for selecting an audio file and delivering the audio file to a mobile computing device according to the invention;
Figs. 3 to 18 are screen displays of a user interface for an implementation on a mobile computing of the method according to Fig. 1.
Referring to the drawings, and initially to Fig. 1 , there is a flow diagram 1 showing the steps in a method for selecting an audio file from a mobile computing device connected to or held by a user, the computing device having or being communicatively coupled with motion sensors.
A plurality of audio files, each having audio content with a different predefined beat parameter, is stored optionally in a compressed format, and on storage means or in a library of the mobile computing device. The audio files may be downloaded to the mobile computing device from a remote computing device. Alternatively, the audio files may be stored in storage means of the remote computing device. The audio files may be, for example, in MP3 format or other audio format, and have beat parameters in the range of 5 beats per minute to 300 beats per minute, although it will be understood that audio files may be provided in any range of beats per minute as required or as desired.
At step 1 the mobile computing device is caused to move as a result of the user walking while the mobile computing device is connected to them in such a way that motion sensors of the mobile computing device may detect the motion of the user and generate motion data based on user movement. The motion sensors comprise or are provided as an accelerometer or other means operable to detect 3-axis acceleration or movement of the user. At step 2, step data is computed from the motion data based on a number of steps taken by the user in a specific period of time, such as one, two, three, four or more minutes. At the conclusion of this initial specific period of time for collecting motion data a loud audible beeping sound may be triggered to let the user know that the initial period of time has passed. At step 3, optionally, the step of computing the step data further comprises a step of calibrating the accelerometer according to one or more of reduced stride length, speed and cadence. This optional step uses the 3-axis (or X, Y, Z co-ordinates) of the accelerometer. The X, Y, Z, coordinates are identified and movement calibration is honed for specific gait issues that day, for example, reduced stride length, speed or cadence to enhance accuracy of system analysis. These adjustments allow for the system to not over or underestimate user movement which differs from an average healthy person who does not have PD. Standard settings may overestimate patients cadence (steps/min) and therefore must be adjusted daily to the user's PD symptoms and so may be performed at different times, such as first thing in the morning, in order to adapt the sensitivity of the mobile computing device.
Accordingly the present invention comprises a step of setting a sensitivity level for the motion sensors which comprises calibrating the motion sensors to detect steps of a user according to one or more of stride length, speed and cadence. The ability to adapt the sensitivity of the motion sensors in this way ensures that the present invention may be adapted to the specific gait requirements of a user so that steps having a smaller (or indeed larger) amplitude and/or stride length from a pre-determined level may be correctly sensed, which is important for patients suffering from Parkinson's disease. Such a step of setting a sensitivity level for the motion sensors may also be performed automatically by the mobile computing device. At step 4, a metronome beat based on the step data is computed by recording the total number of steps walked in two minutes and the average number of steps per minute. To this step data, and in order to prescribe a user's optimum metronome beat for a day, one of the following computations is applied:
1. average baseline steps/min x 1.1 , or
2. average baseline steps/min x 0.9
The standard algorithm applied will be the average baseline steps/min x1.1. However this may be adapted to average baseline steps/min x 0.9 if the clinician remotely monitoring the user considers that this is desirable, such as due to a decreased stride length, to address gait deterioration in the user.
The patient will then be provided with their individually prescribed metronome beat, in beats per minute, for the day and, at step 5, a metronome beat file is generated. The metronome beat file may be generated by the mobile computing device or at a remote computing device to which the motion and/or step data has been transmitted from the mobile computing device. It will be understood that the metronome beat file thus encodes data or tags relating to the step data, including the metronome beat computed according to the above algorithm.
At step 6, a stored audio file having a predefined beat parameter in beats per minute matching the metronome beat of the metronome beat file is automatically selected. For example, if the metronome file generated includes a metronome beat computed as above of sixty beats per minute, then the audio file selected also has audio content including a metronome beat of sixty beats per minute. The sound wave of the audio file selected will match the metronome beat which has already been calculated in calibration.
At step 7, the audio file selected is played via audio output means so that the user may hear it. The audio output means may be provided as a speaker of the mobile computing device, a headphone system coupled to the mobile computing device, and/or as a separate audio output device adapted for the user. In this way the user receives via audio output means an individually prescribed metronome beat prescription as a treatment to override the dysfunction of the basal ganglia in the brain and generate the correct impulses (auditory cues) for overcoming symptoms externally so as to improve the quality of walking and prevent freezing episodes. At step 8, the motion sensors of the mobile computing device again detect the motion of the user in response to the treatment provided at step 7, and this data is transmitted to the remote computer server, such as via a cloud computing network arrangement for review by qualified physiotherapists to identify deteriorations in real time and recommend the next steps to take in furthering treatment for the user. The present invention may also use the motion sensors to detect a change in the motion of the user, and then use the detected change of motion to determine whether the user is suffering from a motion event relating to Parkinson's disease. Such a step involves detecting the deceleration rate of motion of the user, and then comparing the detected deceleration rate to a predetermined range of deceleration rates and if the detected deceleration rate falls within the predetermined range recording motion data relating to the detected deceleration. Such a motion event would indicate that the user has suffered a true Parkinson's freezing event, or alternatively if the detected deceleration rate falls outside the predetermined range, that the user has stopped stepping for other reasons not related to Parkinson's disease. The ability to utilise motion sensors such as are an accelerometer to detect deceleration rate would allow detection of a "true Parkinson's freeze" (a known Parkinson's symptom) as opposed to a standard stop. Such a "true Parkinson's freeze" would be sensed by the motion sensors as an immediate stop with limited deceleration, whereas a standard stop would be sensed by the motion sensors as having a gradual deceleration before coming to a stop. The present invention also includes an automated voice training program. In operation, the patient is provided a word which they say aloud, and the sound has to reach a certain decibel level (such as that of average speech, which is 60db). When the patient reaches this decibel level they will be provided further words, one at a time, until they have said ten words reaching 60db each time. They will complete this training daily. Such training is very important since sufferers of Parkinson's disease lose their voice and as their voice quietens over time they perceive that they are shouting, when in fact they are whispering or talking at a normal level. This automated speech training will improve patient's speech by training patients to speak at the correct decibel levels. Turning to Fig. 2 there is shown a system for implementing the method according to the present invention.
The system 10 comprises at least one mobile computing device 12, such as a smart phone or other computing device, such as a laptop or a PC, a wrist or smart watch, or an accelerometer or pedometer having computer processor means, and motion sensors 14 or motion detecting means integrated therein or associated therewith, and processor means 16 for obtaining motion data from the motion sensors and computing from the motion data step data based on a number of steps taken by a user in a specific period of time. Although Fig. 2 shows one mobile computing device 12, it will be understood that the present invention may comprise a plurality of such devices 12 coupled to a remote server computer 22 via internet 24.
The processor means 16 is further operable for computing a metronome beat based on the step data and generating a metronome beat file, and also for selecting from storage means 18 of the mobile computing device 12 a stored audio file having a predefined beat parameter matching the metronome beat of the metronome beat file.
The mobile computing device further comprises audio output means 20 for playing the audio file so that it may be heard by a user. It will be understood that the audio output means 20 may be a speaker integrated with the mobile computing device 12, or a headphone system coupled with the mobile computing device 12, and/or as a separate external audio output device adapted for the user to hear the audio file as it is being played. The present invention also envisages, as a mobile computing device, a pedometer having computer processor means and audio output means. The present invention is implemented by computer software which is downloaded to mobile computing device 12 from a remote server computer 22 via a wired or wireless computer network, such as internet 24. The computer software implementing the present invention may be provided as a software application or app which when downloaded may be run on the processor means 16.
An exemplary implementation of the present invention will now be described with reference to Fig. 3 to 16 which show screen displays of a user interface for an implementation on a mobile computing of the method according to Fig. 1. As shown in Fig. 3 and 4, at screen's 30, 32 a user's walking is monitored and recorded and the sensitivity of their mobile computing device is adapted or calibrated to their walking through a sensitivity bar operable for setting a sensitivity level for the motion sensors. Such a sensitivity comprises means for calibrating the motion sensors to detect steps of a user according to one or more of stride length, speed and cadence. The ability to adapt the sensitivity of the motion sensors in this way ensures that the present invention may be adapted to the specific gait requirements of a user so that steps having a smaller (or indeed larger) amplitude and/or stride length from a pre-determined level may be correctly sensed, which is important for patients suffering from Parkinson's disease. Such a step of setting a sensitivity level for the motion sensors may also be performed automatically by the mobile computing device.
Fig. 5 shows a username and password screen 34, which when correctly filled in by a user will then provide access to the present invention via an app on their mobile phone. Each day the present invention may assess their mobility and prescribe the optimum metronome therapy based on their performance that day, the options for which are shown in Fig. 6 as screen 36.
Fig. 7 shows a screen 40 via which a user may set up medication reminders so that set reminders will appear automatically, as shown in screen 42 in Fig. 8. Figs. 9 to 1 1 show screens 43, 44, 45 prompting a user to carry out a two minute walk test. In the instance shown the user is prompted to walk for two minutes with the app running on a mobile computing device at their waist band. The average number of steps per minute is also recorded. A computation is then applied to the results of this test to prescribe optimum metronome beat for that day to generate the required metronome beat file, the computation being one of:
1. average baseline steps/min x 1.1 , or
2. average baseline steps/min x 0.9
Fig. 12 shows screen 46 displaying the individually prescribed metronome beat for the day. In the instance shown the metronome beat has been calculated as 43.
A stored audio file having a predefined beat parameter in beats per minute matching the metronome beat of the metronome beat file is selected. For example, the metronome file generated in the present example includes a metronome beat computed as 43 beats per minute then the audio file selected also has a metronome beat of 43 beats per minute.
As shown in Fig. 13, screen 48 is displayed so that the user is prompted to move their feet in time with the audio file selected. The audio file selected is played via a speaker of the mobile computing device so that the user may hear it and walk in time with the beat of the audio file. In this way the user has received via a speaker of the mobile computing device an individually prescribed metronome beat prescription as a treatment to override the dysfunction of the basal ganglia in the brain and generate the correct impulses (auditory cues) for overcoming symptoms externally so as to improve the quality of walking and prevent freezing episodes.
As shown in Figs. 14 and 18, screen 50, the user may be provided with one or more ten minute metronome therapy sessions each day. An anytime option is also provided in which they can use a daily metronome beats prescription as needed. As shown in Fig. 15, screen 52, users may view their progress via reports that are displayed. Such reports may also be transmitted by email. A warning screen, such as that of Fig. 16, screen 54 may be displayed. Fig. 17 shows a home screen 55 for application software executing the present invention.
The present invention provides a technology solution delivered through a smart phone or other mobile computing device that improves the gait of people with PD. The user's daily mobility is assessed through a mobile computing device app and then calculates the required individually prescribed treatment for each user. The treatment is then delivered through audio output means, such as speakers of the mobile computing device in the form of auditory cueing. The present invention provides an automated system which is made available to users via application software downloaded to a mobile computing device, such as a smart phone. Using the internal mobility sensors of a mobile computing device the present invention is operable to calculate automatically the required metronome therapy level and critically prescribe an audio cue designed specifically for that patient's current condition. This treatment is then delivered as an automatic audio track via the app and plays through the audio system of the mobile computing device. This mobility data is then sent to a remote computing server via wired or wireless connectivity means where it is assessed and the above specialised algorithms are applied. The present invention has been shown to reduce episodes of freezing of gait (FOG), improves stride length, walking speed, reduces symptoms and improves overall quality of life.
Aspects of the present invention have been described by way of example only and it should be appreciate that additions and/or modifications may be made thereto without departing from the scope thereof as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for selecting an audio file using motion data from a mobile computing device, the mobile computing device connected to or held by a user and comprising or coupled to motion sensors operable to detect motion of the user, the method comprising the steps of:
setting a sensitivity level for the motion sensors such that the motion sensors are operable to detect when a step is made by the user;
obtaining motion data from the motion sensors as the mobile computing device is moved as the user moves;
computing from the motion data step data based on a number of steps taken by the user in a specific period of time;
computing a metronome beat based on the step data and generating a metronome beat file;
selecting a stored audio file having a predefined beat parameter matching the metronome beat of the metronome beat file, and
playing the audio file on audio output means so that the audio file is heard by the user.
2. A method for selecting an audio file as claimed in Claim 1 , wherein the step of setting a sensitivity level for the motion sensors comprises calibrating the motion sensors to detect steps of a user according to one or more of stride length, speed and cadence.
3. A method for selecting an audio file as claimed in Claim 1 or Claim 2, wherein the step of setting a sensitivity level for the motion sensors is performed automatically by the mobile computing device.
4. A method for selecting an audio file as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, comprising the further step of: using the motion sensors to detect a change in the motion of the user, and using the detected change of motion to determine whether the user is suffering from a motion event relating to Parkinson's disease.
5. A method for selecting an audio file as claimed in Claim 5, comprising using the motion sensors to detect deceleration of motion of the user, and then comparing the detected deceleration to a predetermined range and if the detected deceleration falls within the predetermined range recording motion data relating to the detected deceleration.
6. A method for selecting an audio file as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the step of generating a metronome beat file is performed at a remote computing device or by the mobile computing device.
7. A method for selecting an audio file as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, in which the step of computing a metronome beat based on the step data comprises a step of applying a multiplication factor to the step data obtained before a metronome beat file is generated.
8. A method for selecting an audio file as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the metronome beat and predefined beat parameter is measured in beats per minute.
9. A method for selecting an audio file as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein a plurality of audio files, each having a different predefined beat parameter, is stored in storage means of the mobile computing device.
10. A method for selecting an audio file as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the method comprises a step of receiving audio files at or downloading audio files to the mobile computing device.
1 1 . A method for selecting an audio file as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the method comprises the further step of transmitting the step data and/or metronome beat to a remote computing device.
12. A method for selecting an audio file as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, comprising a step of using an accelerometer and/or a gyroscope to detect motion of the user.
13. A method for selecting an audio file as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, comprising a step of operating the accelerometer to detect 3-axis acceleration, deceleration or movement of the user.
14. A system for selecting an audio file using motion data from a mobile computing device connected to or held by a user, the system comprising:
at least one mobile computing device comprising or coupled to motion sensors; means for setting a sensitivity level for the motion sensors such that the motion sensors are operable to detect when a step is taken by the user;
means for obtaining motion data from the motion sensors;
means for computing from the motion data step data based on a number of steps taken by a user in a specific period of time;
means for computing a metronome beat based on the step data and generating a metronome beat file;
means for selecting a stored audio file having a predefined beat parameter matching the metronome beat of the metronome beat file, and
audio output means for playing the audio file so that the audio file is heard by the user.
15. A system for selecting an audio file as claimed in Claim 14, in which the means for setting a sensitivity level for the motion sensors comprises means for calibrating the motion sensors to detect steps of a user according to one or more of stride length, speed and cadence.
16. A system for selecting an audio file as claimed in Claim 14 or Claim 15, in which means for setting a sensitivity level for the motion sensors is performed automatically by the mobile computing device.
17. A system for selecting an audio file as claimed in any one of Claims 14 to 16, in which the motion sensors are operable to detect a change in the motion of the user, whereby the detected change of motion is used to determine whether the user is suffering from a motion event relating to Parkinson's disease.
18. A system for selecting an audio file as claimed in Claim 17, in which motion sensors are operable to detect deceleration of motion of the user, the system comprising means for comparing the detected deceleration to a predetermined range and if the detected deceleration falls within the predetermined range the system is operable to record motion data relating to the detected deceleration.
19. A system for selecting an audio file as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, comprising means for generating a metronome beat file at a remote computing device or by the mobile computing device.
20. A system for selecting an audio file as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, comprising means for applying a multiplication factor to the step data obtained before a metronome beat file is generated.
21. A system for selecting an audio file as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, in which the metronome beat and predefined beat parameter is measured in beats per minute.
22. A system for selecting an audio file as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, further comprising storage means for storing a plurality of audio files, each having a different predefined beat parameter.
23. A system for selecting an audio file as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, comprising means for receiving audio files at or downloading audio files to the mobile computing device.
24. A system for selecting an audio file as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, comprising means for transmitting the step data and/or metronome beat to a remote computing device.
25. A system for selecting an audio file as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, comprising an accelerometer and/or a gyroscope to detect motion of the user.
26. A system for selecting an audio file as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, in which the accelerometer comprises means to detect 3-axis acceleration, deceleration or movement of the user.
27. A system for selecting an audio file as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, comprising which the mobile computing device is a mobile phone with a computing processor, such as a smart phone, or other computing device, such as a laptop or a PC, a wrist or smart watch, or an external device, such as an accelerometer, a pedometer or other external device having computer processor means.
28. A method for selecting an audio file using motion data from a mobile computing device connected to or held by a user the mobile computing device comprising motion sensors substantially as herein described with reference to and/or as shown in the accompanying drawings.
29. A system for selecting an audio file using motion data from a mobile computing device connected to or held by a user substantially as herein described with reference to and/or as shown in the accompanying drawings.
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