US3498168A - Digital combination action - Google Patents
Digital combination action Download PDFInfo
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- US3498168A US3498168A US603796A US3498168DA US3498168A US 3498168 A US3498168 A US 3498168A US 603796 A US603796 A US 603796A US 3498168D A US3498168D A US 3498168DA US 3498168 A US3498168 A US 3498168A
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- piston
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
- G10H1/00—Details of electrophonic musical instruments
- G10H1/18—Selecting circuits
- G10H1/24—Selecting circuits for selecting plural preset register stops
Definitions
- An electric organ having a plurality of distinct organ voices that may be called forth by selected operation of switches on an organ keyboard includes an array of binary memory elements arranged in groups, each memory element associated with a respective predetermined organ voice, and in which a binary number is entered into any group of the memory elements in the array to represent the combination of organ voices with which that group of elements is to be associated, for subsequently calling forth that combination upon accessing of the group of memory elements into which that number has been entered. Any group of memory elements in the array is accessed at will, according to the desired combination of organ voices to be brought on, to read out the number that had been entered into the accessed group of memory elements.
- the present invention relates generally to programmable memory control systems, and more particularly to a programmable memory control unit for use as a digital combination action in the presetting and subsequent selection of desired combinations of stops or tabs of elec tric organs or pipe organs.
- Selection of a particular function of the organ for desired voicing or tone color is accomplished by the positioning of stops in the pipe organ, devices for controlling the flow of air through the resonant pipes, or of tabs in electric organs, devices for controlling the output of waveshaping networks (voicing circuits) to simulate control of air flow through resonant pipes.
- the tabs or stops are prepositioned or preset in various combinations, as desired to provide the voicing for a particular musical selection or selections, and introduced by the organist at appropriate points during the playing of the selection by operation of pistons, which may be push buttons, switches or other selecting devices, on the front portion of the organ console adjacent the keyboard (or keyboards) of the instrument.
- Each piston is adapted to bring on or call forth a different preset combination of stops by operation in conjunction with a control unit, referred to in the art as a combination action.
- combination actions for organs were entirely mechanical in nature, consisting of linkages including levers, latches and/ or cams between piston and stops. More recently, combination actions comprising electromechanical or photoelectric devices have been utilized. In general, however, the prior art combination actions are bulky, complex, difflcult to set in advance of a performance and substantially incapable of change in setting with any degree of rapidity, undergo rapid wear, and of even more serious nature, are noisy in operation.
- a more specific object of the invention resides in the provision of a digital combination action in the form of a programmable memory control unit for selectively introducing distinct and different organ functions in the performance of a musical selection.
- Another object is to provide a combination action which overcomes one or more of the aforementioned disadvantages of prior art combination actions.
- Still another object of the present invention is to provide a digital combination action for pipe organs or electric organs by which the desired combination to be introduced by actuation of each piston is stored in a memory matrix of bistable elements, from which each combination may be called forth during performance of a musical selection, with retention of the original contents of the memory until a change of contents is desired.
- a further object of the invention is to provide a digital control circuit by which various combinations of binary controls may be exercised repetitively in any desired sequence after an initial rapidly-effected programming of the circuit.
- the control circuit comprises a memory matrix of bistable switching elements arranged in rows and columns, each row (or column) of elements associated with a particular one of a set of switches for exercising various desired combinations of controls on selected ones of a plurality of devices electrically and independently operable to either of two states, and each column (or row) of elements associated with a particular one of said plurality of devices; means including said switches for selectively energizing each element in any row of said elements to either of its bistable states in accordance with the desired combination of controls to be exercised by the switch operatively associated with that row; means for selectively transferring signals generated by those elements restored to the initial stable state, after energization by a respective switch to the other stable state, to the respective ones of said devices associated with those elements; said switches being operable one at a time to restore the energized elements in the associated row to said initial stable state.
- each bistable switching or storage element of the memory matrix comprises a magnetic core having at least three windings thereon.
- One of the windings is common to all cores in any given row of the matrix and is coupled to the control switch (here, a piston) for that row by a pulse forming network.
- the other two windings are common to all cores in any given column of the matrix and are coupled respectively to any actuated control switch (piston) via a second pulse forming network and to a network for energizing the organ stop associated with the given column.
- Preselection of stop combinations for each piston is effected by actuation of the piston in conjunction with operation of the two pulse forming networks to reset and then set the appropriate cores. Subsequent introduction of a particular combination during performance of a musical selection is accomplished by re-actuating the piston to trigger the operation of the pulse forming networks such that the set cores are reset and thence trigger the respective stop-energizing network.
- Writing in of the initial condition (set state) of each core of the given row after the stop combination for that row is energized is achieved by providing a third winding for each column, arranged to be energized by the output of the stop-energizing network.
- the stop-energizing network is effective to operate a stop to the on or off condition, and simultaneously therewith, to restore the initial setting of the cores.
- Still another object is to provide an organ combination action for selection of stop combinations in accordance with the preset states of binary storage elements of a memory matrix and wherein selection of any given combination of stops is produced by a change of state of the preset elements and is accomplished by restoration of the elements of changed state to the respective preset states.
- FIGURE 1 is a circuit diagram of a preferred embodiment of the invention
- FIGURE 2 is a chart illustrating the timing and character of waveforms generated at various points in the circuit of FIGURE 1;
- FIGURE 3 is an exemplary diagram of a typical hysteresis loop of each of the magnetic cores in the memory plane matrix of the circuit of FIGURE 1,
- FIGURE 4 is a circuit diagram of a switch for controlling the initial and subsequent states of the bistable magnetic cores in the memory plane of FIGURE 1;
- FIGURE 5 is a circuit diagram of a switch for controlling the energization of a stop in the selected combination of stops in accordance with the initial state of each core in that portion of the memory plane associated therewith.
- a preferred embodiment of the digital combination action includes a storage unit or memory plane comprising a matrix of magnetic cores 12, preferably ferrite, each core having four windings, designated 14, 15, 16 and 17.
- Winding 14 of each core shown as a line parallel to the X (row) axis of the matrix, is associated with a particular piston 27, while each set of windings 15, 16 and 17, shown as lines parallel to the Y (column) axis, is associated with a particular stop.
- Each core has a substantially rectangular hysteresis loop, typically of the nature illustrated in FIGURE 3, providing a binary storage function, as is well known.
- the B axis of the curve designates the state of magnetization (flux condition) of the core while the H axis is representative of magnetizing force applied to the core (coercive force of the core).
- Points 0 and g designate reverse directions of flux remaining in the core (remanence or residual flux) when winding currents drop to zero following core saturation.
- each magnetic core constitutes a. bistable device or element capable of being switched or triggered from one stable state to the other, or vice versa, upon application of respective binary pulses of predetermined value. Successive application of pulses of the same binary value is ineffective to produce switching if the core state is presently that associated with an input pulse of that value. Similarly, no switching is elfected unless the trigger pulse is of sufiicient magnitude, i.e., of predetermined value. Accordingly, each bistable element is capable of remembering the last significant command and of ignoring commands occurring between those which are significant. Alternatively, each bistable device may be considered a one bit memory or storage unit.
- the digital combination action for an organ includes, in addition to the matrix 10 of bistable elements, a separate monostable (one-shot) multivibrator 20 (operating as a pulse stretcher) and differentiator 23 in the series circuit 25 associated with each organ piston 27 (designated as a switch in the drawing for the sake of simplicity and clarity) and with winding 14 of the set of cores 12 of each row of the matrix.
- the organ of course, is provided with several pistons, each associated with the windings 14 of the cores in a distinct and different row of the matrix 10 and each having in series circuit therewith a distinct and different multivibrator 20 and differentiator 23.
- each of pistons 27 is designated a read piston.
- each read piston 27 When actuated, each read piston 27 connects an input terminal of the associated multivibrator 20 to a source of negative potential (designated in the figure).
- the negative step function (pulse) is also applied to a second circuit path 30, associated with the respective piston, connected to an input terminal of OR gate 35.
- OR gate is common to all read pistons so that a pulse appearing at any one or more of its input terminals is supplied to a monostable multivibrator 38' operating as a pulse delay unit.
- the output of one-shot multivibrator 38- is applied as an input to a pulse stretcher 40 (another monostable multivibrator) and the output of the latter fed to a switch 43, a detailed embodiment of which will presently be described.
- a second input to the switch 43 is supplied in the form of a negative pulse upon actuation of the sole set piston 45 of the organ console.
- Switch 43 is adapted, when energized by concurrent pulses from one shot multivibrator 40* and set piston 45, to connect a plurality of stop circuits 50, one circuit associated with each stop, to a point of reference potential, designated as ground potential.
- switch 43 is responsive to energization by a negative pulse from multivibrator 40 alone to connect an input terminal of a further switch 52 of each of a plurality of stop-energization circuits 58 to a source of negative potential.
- Each of the stop circuits 50 includes the windings 15 associated with the cores in a respective column of matrix .10 and a specific one of a plurality of stop switches 55, equal in number to the number of stops or tabs in the organ.
- the common lead for the winding 16 of each of the cores in a respective column of the matrix is connected between a point of ground potential and the input terminal of a pulse amplifier 54 in a separate one of the plurality of circuits 58 each associated with a specific stop or tab of the organ.
- Each circuit 58 further includes a pulse stretching monostable multivibrator 59 to which the amplifier output is applied, and the previously mentioned switch 52.
- the latter switch is implemented to supply the output from switch 43 to either the off coil 65 or the on coil 66 of an associated one of the conventional solenoid operated tabs (through winding 17 of the set of cores in the respective column of matrix -10, in the case of the on coil), depending respectively upon the absence or presence of a pulse at its input terminal connected to multivibrator 59.
- Each of one-shot multivibrators 20, 3'8, 40 and 59, differentiator 23, OR gate 35, and amplifier 54 may be of any conventional design suitable for the intended purpose. Since each of these components is of a type well known in the art and readily implemented by reference to any standard text, it is unnecessary to supply a detailed description thereof to the ordinarily skilled person to whom this specification is addressed.
- Monostable multivibrators for example, may be implemented to operate as pulse stretchers or pulse delay devices by appropriate adjustment of elements determining time duration of the quasi-stable state or determining time interval between application of trigger pulse and assumption of quasi-stable state, respectively. Millman et al., Pulse and Digital Circuits (McGraw-Hill 1956), is representative of the multitude of texts available on the subject.
- switches 43 and 52 While admitting of a wide variety of possible modifications and different implementations, will be described in detail presently.
- the procedure for presetting the cores is as follows (concurrent reference being made to FIG- URE 2).
- set piston 45 is actuated (i.e., depressed in the case of a push button) at a time which will arbitrarily be designated t, thereby supplying a negative step function of magnitude E (the level of potential of the negative voltage source to which piston 45 is connected) to an input terminal of switch 43.
- E the level of potential of the negative voltage source to which piston 45 is connected
- the set piston is maintained in the actuated position throughout the preselection of voice combinations to be introduced by actuation of each read piston 27.
- the negative voltage step resulting from closure of switch 45 is shown as waveform F in FIGURE 2.
- Each stop switch 55 associated with a stop or tab to be brought on by a particular read piston during performance of a musical selection is closed, thus connecting common winding 15 of the matrix column associated with that stop switch to a point of negative potential (also having a voltage level E).
- step function F to switch 43 is ineffective to actuate that switch, as will presently be explained, so that as yet no energized circuits are established through the total combination action circuit.
- the read piston 27 of interest assumed above to be 27',.is now actuated, at a time designated t so that a negative voltage step, shown as waveform A in FIGURE 2, is applied in parallel to monostable multivibrator and OR gate 35.
- the output of the OR gate is, of course, simply the negative voltage step A, which is applied to monostable multivibrator 38.
- Multivibrator 20 is, as previously stated, a pulse stretcher, operating when triggered by voltage step A to produce a pulse of duration (width) t t (waveform B, FIGURE 2).
- Multivibrator 38 is employed as a pulse delay device and assumes, a predetermined interval following application of triggering voltage thereto, its quasi-stable state for only a fraction of the duration of the pulse B generated by multivibrator 20'.
- the output of multivibrator 38 is illustrated as waveform D of FIGURE 2, occurring at a time t
- Differentiation of pulse B by differentiator 23' produces a pulse train designated by C of FIGURE 2, a negative pulse of current amplitude I occurring at time t coincident with the start of pulse B, and a positive pulse of current amplitude +I /2 occurring at time t coincident with the termination of pulse B.
- the I pulse sets all cores 12 in that row of the matrix 10 associated with piston 27 to the 0 or off state (FIGURE 3), in the manner previously explained.
- Triggering of monostable multivibrator (pulse stretcher) 40 by pulse D results in a negative output pulse E (FIGURE 2) therefrom, extending from I to t
- Pulse stretcher 40 concurrently with negative voltage step F is effective to energize the switch to supply a ground connection to the parallel coupled terminals of stop circuits 50.
- the ground connection is supplied over the interval from t to t in accordance with the timing and width of pulse E.
- each stop circuit 50 having a closed stop switch 55 (assumed, in this example, to be switches 55, 55", 55 conducts a current pulse G of equal duration and coincident timing through the winding 15 thereof in a respective column of matrix 10.
- Each of the cores associated with a respective stop or tab of the organ which is to be brought on by piston 27 during the organ recital is now set to produce a particular voice combination. The same procedure is followed for the selection of a combination for each read piston. In each case, the desired ones of stop switches 55 are closed and undesired ones opened prior to proceeding with the advance selection of combination action for a given read piston.
- circuit 25 Assuming actuation of piston 27' during the performance of a musical selection, after the advance setting as in the above example, the operation of circuit 25 is that previously described. Similarly, there is no change in the aforementioned operation of the branch circuit including OR gate 35 and multivibrators 38 and 40. In the absence of the negative step function F from set piston 45 (unactuated), however, switch 43 is operative to supply negative voltage to switch 52 coinciding with the timing and duration of pulse E from multivibrator 40, as troduced by multivibrator 38, current pulse I of pulse tion of pulse H is at time 1 owing to the time delay introduced by multivibrator 38, current pulse I of pulse train C, having occurred at time t has previously switched cores 12, 12", 12" from the 1 to the state.
- Switching of these cores is accompanied by a pulse of current through each of windings 16 associated therewith, as indicated by the pulse occurring at time t in waveform J of FIGURE 2.
- each of these pulses triggers a monostable multivibrator (pulse stretcher) 59 in a respective circuit 58 to produce a negative voltage pulse K (FIG- ure 2) extending from approximately t to t.;,.
- switch 52 is energized to pass current, shown as pulse M of magnitude I in FIGURE 2, through the respective winding 17 and the on coil 66 of the associated solenoidactuated stop or tab.
- All cores are automatically reset to the condition existing at t after actuation of the associated read piston, because current pulse M of magnitude IZI /Z passes through path 17 of the respective column of the matrix and adds a magnetizing force to that resulting from pulse C, also of magnitude I /2, to return the associated core to its preset state (1 or on).
- Those cores which were initially in the 0 state are, of course, unchanged since no current pulse M flows through the associated Windings 17.
- All core coils are wound to effect the aforementioned proper switching of the cores, assuming currents of sufficient magnitude, irrespective of the arbitrary signs indicating direction of current flow in FIGURE 2.
- All voltage pulses (other than those which have been mentioned) induced in the core windings as a result of switching are of such polarity and magnitude that they are either blocked (as by diodes 70 of stop circuits 50) or are incapable of energizing the circuit.
- switches 43 and 53 are shown in FIGURES 4 and 5, respectively.
- switch 43 comprises an input transistor 101 to which pulse E is to be applied, and an input transistor 102 to which pulse F is to be applied.
- the output circuit of transistor 102 is connected in series with the output circuit of a transistor 103, cascaded with transistor 101.
- a fourth transistor 104 receives an input from transistor 103 and has its collector electrode connected to the lead coupling terminals of stop circuits 50 in parallel.
- a further transistor 105 is cascaded with transistor 101 for parallel application, with transistor 103, of voltage therefrom.
- Transistor 105 has its output circuit series connected with the output circuit of a transistor 106, to which pulse F is also to be applied.
- 8 last transistor 107 has its base electrode connected to the emitter electrode of transistor and its emitter electrode connected to an input terminal of switch 52.
- Each of the transistors is of the PNP type, except for NPN transistor 106. Power is supplied to the switch from a voltage source designated -V and all transistors are normally biased to the non-conductive state (i.e., cut off except for normally conductive transistor 106.
- transistor 101 triggers transistor 101 to the conductive. state so that its emitter is at approximately V. Absence of the negative voltage step at the base electrodes of transistors 102 and 106 results in those transistors being in their normal conditions of cut off and saturation, respectively. Hence, transistor 105, switched to the conductive state by the negative voltage appearing at the emitter of transistor 101, supplies negative voltage to transistor 107 to trigger it to a conductive state and thereby supply negative voltage to switch 52 for the duration of these conditions. Transistor 103 is ineffective to supply switching voltage to transistor 104 because of the open condition of transistor 102.
- each of switches 52 comprises four cascaded transistors (all PNP) designated 120, 121, 122, and 123.
- the emitter of transistor 121 is connected to the on coil 66 (through respective winding 17 of the cores) of the solenoid-actuated stop or tab, while the emitter of transistor 123 is connected to off coil 65.
- Transistors 120, 121, and 122 are normally biased off (non-conductive) and transistor 123 normally biased on, when the switch is supplied with operating power.
- the operating power is supplied to terminal 128 in the form of negative voltage H (when the appropriate connection is provided by switch 43, of course). Consequently, application of pulse H alone is effective to produce a transfer of current to off coil through normally conductive transistor 123.
- each stop need not be solenoid-actuated but may be of any design suitable for actuation to either an on or an off condition by selective application of energizing voltages or currents from switch 52.
- each stop may be an electro-pneumatic device such as an electromagnetic valve for permitting or blocking the passage of air into a bellows, or an electrically or electromagnetically operated diaphragm.
- control circuits in accordance with the present invention are particularly suited for use as digital combination actions in organs, they may also be used for any application requiring combinations of binary control by actuation of each of a set of switches.
- FIG. 1 For organ use, the following components (FIGURE 1) are required:
- a circuit for controlling the combined operating states of desired groups of a plurality of electrically actuable devices each having at least two possible operating states said circuit comprising a matrix of bistable magnetic cores, each core characterized by a substantially rectangular hysteresis loop,
- said matrix comprising rows and columns of said cores
- each row operatively associated with a distinct and different one of said switches, each of the cores in any given row of said matrix having a winding connected in series with the corresponding winding of each of the other cores in said given row,
- each column operatively associated with a distinct and different of said devices, each of the cores in any given column of said matrix having at least a pair of further windings respectively connected in series with corresponding ones of the pair of further windings of each of the other cores in said given column,
- each of said cores in any given column of said matrix has a third further winding connected in series with the third further winding of each of the other cores in said given column,
- said series-connected third further windings connecting said means for energizing said devices to said devices.
- a matrix of bistable storage elements for selectively controlling the operation of said means for electrically energizing to govern the respective operating condition to which each of said plurality of devices is actuated, in accordance with the states of the elements in predetermined groups of elements of said matrix
- said matrix comprising a plurality of magnetic cores each having a substantially rectangular hysteresis loop, each core having a pair of windings for alternately switching the state thereof when pulsed by respective currents of predetermined magnitude and polarity, one winding of each core connected in series circuit with the corresponding winding of a group of said cores, each group consisting of a like number of cores, the other winding of each core connected in series circuit with the other winding of a distinct and different core in every group of said cores;
- means for presetting elements in each group to the stable state required to eifect said selective control of the operation of said energizing means including means for supplying energizing current pulses to the series circuit including said one winding of each core of a group of said cores, and means for selectively supplying energizing current pulses to the series circuit including said other winding of one or more cores in the lastnamed group of cores;
- said means for electrically energizing said devices comprising a third winding for each of said cores, a plurality of normally open switch means coupled to respective ones of said devices, means connecting each of said switch means to the third winding of a distinct and different core in each group of said cores, and a source of current, each of said switch means responsive to a current pulse of predetermined magnitude in the respective third winding to couple said current source to a respective device.
- said means for changing state comprises the firstna med means for supplying energizing current pulses, and
- a circuit for actuating any desired combination of a plurality of organ stops in accordance with the selective activation of organ pistons comprising a matrix of bistable storage elements, said matrix including rows and columns of said elements, each row operatively coupled to a distinct and different one of said pistons, each column operatively coupled to a distinct and different one of said stops, means responsive to activation of a piston for energizing all of the elements in the row coupled thereto to an initial one of the two stable states,
- switch means coupled to each column of elements for selectively energizing a column or columns of elements to the other of said two stable states in delayed response to said activation of said piston, and means responsive to restoration to the initial state of the elements in a row associated with said selectively energized columns, upon subsequent activation of the piston coupled to the last-named row, for actuating the stops coupled to the last-named columns.
- each of said elements comprises a magnetic core having a substantially rectangular hysteresis loop, each core having three windings,
- said restoration responsive means includes a plurality of normally non-conductive switches each having a pair of input terminals and a pair of output terminals,
- each switch comprising means responsive to energizing voltage at said other input terminal only for energizing one of said on and off selectors of the respective stop, and means responsive to said energizing voltage and to signal indicative of restoration of initial state of an element in the column coupled to said one input terminal for energizing the other of said on and off selectors of the respective stop.
- each of said memory elements is a magnetic core
- said means for entering and said means for accessing each include windings on each said core
- said array of memory elements comprises a memory plane, said memory elements being arranged in groups along one of two coordinate axes of said memory plane.
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Description
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US60379666A | 1966-12-22 | 1966-12-22 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US3498168A true US3498168A (en) | 1970-03-03 |
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ID=24416951
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US603796A Expired - Lifetime US3498168A (en) | 1966-12-22 | 1966-12-22 | Digital combination action |
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US (1) | US3498168A (en) |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3659488A (en) * | 1970-10-09 | 1972-05-02 | North American Rockwell | Capture combination system |
US3686994A (en) * | 1971-04-19 | 1972-08-29 | Damon Corp | Organ stop memory circuit |
US3699839A (en) * | 1970-10-09 | 1972-10-24 | North American Rockwell | Capture combination system |
DE2237594A1 (en) * | 1971-07-31 | 1973-02-15 | Nippon Musical Instruments Mfg | ELECTRONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS THAT SCAN STORED WAVEFORMS FOR SOUND GENERATION AND CONTROL |
US4006658A (en) * | 1974-04-18 | 1977-02-08 | D. H. Baldwin Company | Organ capture action |
DE2807873C2 (en) * | 1978-02-24 | 1981-10-01 | Franz, Reinhard, 5401 Emmelshausen | Registration device for electronic musical instruments |
US4296667A (en) * | 1980-02-14 | 1981-10-27 | Baldwin Piano & Organ Company | Capture combination action system for electronic organs |
US20150128785A1 (en) * | 2011-08-20 | 2015-05-14 | William Henry Morong | Stop action-magnets to reduce musical instrument wiring, connections, and logic |
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US2947977A (en) * | 1956-06-11 | 1960-08-02 | Ibm | Switch core matrix |
US3054988A (en) * | 1957-05-22 | 1962-09-18 | Ncr Co | Multi-purpose register |
US3103141A (en) * | 1960-05-19 | 1963-09-10 | John E Adams | Stop combination control system for organs |
US3283312A (en) * | 1962-11-05 | 1966-11-01 | Ira R Marcus | Read-out circuit for static magnetic core devices |
US3307050A (en) * | 1967-02-28 | Memory switching circuit | ||
US3312768A (en) * | 1963-04-22 | 1967-04-04 | Estey Musical Instr Corp | Neon matrix circuit for an electronic organ |
-
1966
- 1966-12-22 US US603796A patent/US3498168A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US3307050A (en) * | 1967-02-28 | Memory switching circuit | ||
US2947977A (en) * | 1956-06-11 | 1960-08-02 | Ibm | Switch core matrix |
US3054988A (en) * | 1957-05-22 | 1962-09-18 | Ncr Co | Multi-purpose register |
US3103141A (en) * | 1960-05-19 | 1963-09-10 | John E Adams | Stop combination control system for organs |
US3283312A (en) * | 1962-11-05 | 1966-11-01 | Ira R Marcus | Read-out circuit for static magnetic core devices |
US3312768A (en) * | 1963-04-22 | 1967-04-04 | Estey Musical Instr Corp | Neon matrix circuit for an electronic organ |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3659488A (en) * | 1970-10-09 | 1972-05-02 | North American Rockwell | Capture combination system |
US3699839A (en) * | 1970-10-09 | 1972-10-24 | North American Rockwell | Capture combination system |
US3686994A (en) * | 1971-04-19 | 1972-08-29 | Damon Corp | Organ stop memory circuit |
DE2237594A1 (en) * | 1971-07-31 | 1973-02-15 | Nippon Musical Instruments Mfg | ELECTRONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS THAT SCAN STORED WAVEFORMS FOR SOUND GENERATION AND CONTROL |
US4006658A (en) * | 1974-04-18 | 1977-02-08 | D. H. Baldwin Company | Organ capture action |
DE2807873C2 (en) * | 1978-02-24 | 1981-10-01 | Franz, Reinhard, 5401 Emmelshausen | Registration device for electronic musical instruments |
US4296667A (en) * | 1980-02-14 | 1981-10-27 | Baldwin Piano & Organ Company | Capture combination action system for electronic organs |
US20150128785A1 (en) * | 2011-08-20 | 2015-05-14 | William Henry Morong | Stop action-magnets to reduce musical instrument wiring, connections, and logic |
US9053682B2 (en) * | 2011-08-20 | 2015-06-09 | William Henry Morong | Stop action-magnets to reduce musical instrument wiring, connections, and logic |
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