US2604685A - Double tube trocar device - Google Patents

Description

`uly 29, 1952 H. HARMS DOUBLE TUBE TROCAR DEVICE Filed Dec. 22, 1948 INVENTOR. HAR \/l H A l? \/l 5 Patented July 29, v1.9521?.

i UMTEDf :sizirss PATENT? oi-Fics DOUBLE T UBE TROCAR DEVICE y 4 1- Harm Harms,Benld,Ill.

'1 Application December 22, 1948, Serial No. 66,789 y My invention relates to an improvement in trocars. A trocar is an instrument used by the undertaking profession in` preparing a corpse for the processof embalming..v The instrument is used to pierce the walls of the body. and enter the abdominal or respirative cavitiesof the bodyand then by suction extract or remove as nearly as possible, any and allliquids, blood or aqueous matter or material from the. body.

The trocars now .commonly used consist of a tubular element lhavingl a sharp point on one end thereof, a handle on the other end, holes in the point end of the tube, and having a hose connection to the handle end `of thetube. In using the trocar. a suction is produced vin the trocar through theyhose by any suitable means, such as a pump, a water pressure siphon -jet or the like. In the process of using the trocar the Wallv of the body is pierced by the sharp point of the trocar and the tube of the trocar then advanced into the desired body. cavity,iwhereupon the Suction being produced inthe trocar tube will pull any liquid, blood or aqueous matter surrounding the trocar tube through the holes therein intothe tubeand to and through the discharge end of the hose to dispose of theY material being drawn into the trocar,

The difficulty in using the above described trocar is that the liquids.. blood'and aqueous material inthe body is being drawn. therefrom under the impetus or force of suction, which is a positive force. The resultof this force is that tissues of the body, fat, congealed blood or blood clotsand the like are drawnr around the trocartube and across the holes therein and close or clog the holes in the trocar tube and therefore the process of removing the liquid, blood `and aqueous matterV from the body is stoped until the-trocar is again` opened up or unclogged to again permit the `free passage of material through the trocar. H

In view ofthe foregoing described-trouble ,and difficulties I have provided my improved trocar in which the liquids, blood and aqueous matter to be removed from the body drains by gravity into the trocar tube and is then removed therefrom A*by suction, and as the materialv -that has drainedA into the trocar tube has been removed therefrom, air from outside the body -is-perm-itted to enter the trocar and pass through the suction tube of the trocar to prevent suction on the materials .in the body whereby they may be drawn intothe trocar tube openings to close .orclog them as above described. This and other objects of my invention willbe more detailed and fully explained as this description progresses.

freiem. (ol. 27-24) Now referring to the accompanying drawings in which similar Vnumerals of reference designate the same parts throughout the several figures of the drawings; Fig. 1 is a side view of my improved trocar.

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal detail sectional view of my improved trocar. Y

Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view of my improved trocar, the view being as seen from the line III-III in Fig. 1 and looking in the direction of the arrows. j

Fig. 4 is a transverse detail sectional view of my improvedtrocar, the view being Yas seen from the line IV-IV invFig. 1 and looking in the direction of the arrows. 1

Fig. 5 is a head end-view of a round end closure element for the trocar tube.

Fig. 6 is a side view of the trocar tube closure element shown in Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a side view of a piercing tip that ma be placed on one end of the trocar tube.

Fig. 8 is an end View of the piercing tip, the view being as seen from the left of Fig. 7. l

Fig. 9 is a detail side view of one end of the trocar tube and showing the piercing tip of Fig. 1 being replaced by the round nosed closure element shown in Figures 5 and 6.

Fig. 10 is a longitudinal detail sectional view of the trocar end structure shown in Fig. 9.

In the drawings my improved trocar device is shown as having a hollow handle I5 in which there are holes I6 to permit the passage ofair in or out of the handie cavity C.

The front end of the handle I5 is provided with a fitting F, one end of which is threaded as at I'I and is threaded'into thefront endof the handle element I5. The fitting FV is provided with a hexagonal shoulder portion I8 that bears against the outer surface Vof the front end of the handle I5 and by which. the iitting I5 may be turned to tightly screw the threaded end ofi the fitting F into the handle element I5. 'The iitti'ng is also provided with a forwardly extending nipple portion I9. The fitting F is provided with an axial bore 2D therethrough andin which is tightly pressed the rear end of a'trocar tube 2| which opens into the handle cavity C. The forward end of the trocar tube 2l is provided with a plurality of holes or perforations 22 therethrough that are in staggered positions around the forward end portion of the tube 2 I. The inner surface of the forward end portionof the tube 2I is threaded as at 23 to receive a closure element or tip for the end of the trocar tube.

As shown-in Figures` l and 2, the trocar tube 26 and terminating in a sharp point 21. The pyramid formation 26 is probably the preferable formation, however the formation 2B might be three, five or more sided or even conical in shape and still work satisfactorily. The threaded stud 24 is receivable in the threads 23 in the inner forward end of the trocar tube 2| and the shoulder 28 formed between the stud 24 and cylindrical portion 25 of the tip T will bear against the for- Ward end of the trocar tube 2| to provide an even, smooth and solid mounting of the tip T on the forward end of the trocar tube 2 In Figures 5 and 6 is shown a substantially hemispherical shaped tip 29 that has a threaded stud 24a that is a duplicate of the stud 24 of the tip T and is receivable in the threaded forward end of the trocar tube 2|' the same as is the stud 24 of the tip T. The diameter of the tip head 29 is the same as that of the outside of the trocar tube 2| and the tip shoulder 28a is the same as the tip shoulder 28 of the tip T and serves the same purpose. The two tips T and 29 are interchangeable for purposes that will later be explained.

The trocar tube 2| is provided with at least three indentures 3|) that are positioned immediately in the rear ofthe holes or perforations 22 in the trocar tube 2| and are spaced 120 degrees apart around the trocar tube 2 The indented portions 30 of the trocar tube present inwardly directed support protrusions 3| in the trocar tube 2| for the support and positioning of a suction tube in the trocar tube 2| as will later be described.

The trocar device is provided with a suction tube 32 whose outside diameter is substantially less than the inside diameter of the trocar tube 2|. The suction tube 32 is axially positioned in the trocar tube 2| and handle I6. The out side surface of the forward end ofthe suction tube 32 is spaced away from the inner surface of the trocar tube 2| and is held in its above mentioned axial position in the trocar tube 2| by the protrusions 3| of the trocar tube 2 The forward end 32a of the suction tube 32 is spaced a short distance away from the rear end of the stud 24 or 24a, as the case may be. so as to leave several, four or six of the holes or perforations 22 in the trocar tube 2| between the rear end of the stud 24 or 24a andthe forward end 32a of the suction tube 32. The remaining holes or perforations 22 in the trocar tube 2| are grouped or positioned around theforward end portion of the suction tube 32. The rear end portion of the suction tube 32 is tightly pressed through a nipple fitting 33 that is threaded through the rear end wall |5a of the handle element I5 and a lock nut 34 is threaded on the nipple 33 and bears against the rear end wall l-Sa of the handle element I5 to lock in adjusted longitudinal positions in the handle element |5.

The rear end of the suction tube 32 projects rearwardly from the rear end of the nipple 33 and one end of a flexible suction hose 35 is slipped thereon. The other end of the suction hose 35 is connected to any suitable suction producing device such as a pump or standard water siphonjet device or the like, not shown.

To use the trocar device the piercing tip T is rst placed on the forward end of the trocar tube 2| as shown in Figures 1 and 2, whereupon the handle l5 may be held in ones hand ready for use. The trocar device is then held with the tip point 21 against the surface of the body of the corpse and then the device is pressed to cause the point 21 to pierce the wall of the body and enter into the abdominal or chest cavity of the body, as the case may be.v This having been done, the device may then be removed from the body and the tip T removed from the trocar tube and replaced by the blunt or round nosed tip 29 as shown in Figures 9 and 10, whereupon the trocar tube may be reinserted into the body cavity through the opening or hole previously made therein by the sharp pointed tip T. The trocar tube 2| now having the blunt tip 29 may be inserted into the body cavity and moved around to any desired depth and part of the cavity. This having been done the liquids, blood or aqueous material contained in the cavity will drain, by gravity, through the holes or perforations 22 in the' trocar tube 2| into the trocar tube 2| and sumerge the end portion 32a of the suction tube 32 and even fill some of the forward portion of the trocar tube 2|. Now due to suction created in the suction tube 32 by the afore mentioned suction devices the material that has drained into the trocar tube 2| will be sucked and removed therefrom through the suction tube 32 and hose 35 to any suitable place of disposal.

If the material in the trocar tube 2| is removed throughvthe suction tube 32 faster than it will drain in through the holes or perforations 22 in the trocar tube and the level of the material in the trocar tube falls below the forward end 32a of the suction tube 32 then air will be drawn in through the holes I6 in the handle I5 and pass through the handle cavity' C and through the trocar tube 2| to and through the forward end of the suction tube 32 and thence on through the suction tube 32 and hose 35 to the point of discharge or disposaland no suction or vacuum tendencies will have been produced within the cavity of the body being emptied, therefore no materials of a solid nature or tissues of the ybody will be drawn or packed around the trocar tube 2| that will clog or stop up the drainage holes or perforations 22 in the trocar tube 2|.

Due to the construction of the device and its use as above described it is obvious that the materials removed from the body cavity are only removed as iastl as they will drain into the trocar tube 2| and there isV nothing to force the drainage, therefore the instrument will always remain open for the free and easy passage of the materials being passed therethrough. This is in conspicuous contrast to the trocar devices now in common use which do readily clog and stop up and have to be removed from the body and cleaned out and then reinserted a considerable number of times before the job is completed. In view of this trouble it becomes obvious that my improved trocar device is much more eiiicient and faster in its work than those now in use.

If for any reason it does become necessary, as the operator of the device does want to use suction force, it is only necessary for him to place his fingers over the holes I6 to close them against the passage of air therethrough and the full amount of suction may be received as the suction devices will produce.

While my improved trocar device as shown and herein described is probably the preferred form of the device it is to be understood that such modications and variations of the device may be employed as lie within the scope of the appended claim Without departing from the spirit and intention of the invention. NoW having fully shown and described. my invention, what I claim is:

A trocar device comprising the combination of a hollow handle element, a trocar tube, and a suction tube, one end of said trocar tube being rigidly attached to one end of said handle and opening into the hollow thereof, the other end of said trocar tube being closed, said suction tube being positioned within and spaced away from the inner surface of the trocar tube and extending through the hollow of the handle to and through the other end of the said handle and being tightly connected thereto to position and hold each tube and the handle in axial alignment, each with the other, one end of said suction tube being open and being positioned close to the closed end of the trocar tube, said trocar tube having perforations in its side walls adjacent the closed end, said perforations extending partly in front and-partly behind the open end of the suction tube, said handle element having an opening therein that is openable and closable by the linger of the operator of the trocar device for the purpose described.

HARM HARMS.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS

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