US2235190A - Electronic tube circuit - Google Patents
Electronic tube circuit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2235190A US2235190A US194788A US19478838A US2235190A US 2235190 A US2235190 A US 2235190A US 194788 A US194788 A US 194788A US 19478838 A US19478838 A US 19478838A US 2235190 A US2235190 A US 2235190A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- cathode
- auxiliary cathode
- resistance
- control grid
- auxiliary
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
- G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc
- G05F1/52—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using discharge tubes in series with the load as final control devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J43/00—Secondary-emission tubes; Electron-multiplier tubes
- H01J43/02—Tubes in which one or a few electrodes are secondary-electron emitting electrodes
- H01J43/025—Circuits therefor
Definitions
- This invention relates to a circuit arrangement comprising a discharge tube having at least a cathode, a control grid, an anode and an auxiliary cathode which is either made from or coated with a material emitting secondary electrons under bombardment by electrons.
- the invention envisages a circuit arrangement by means of which the feed voltages required for the different electrodes, more particularly for the auxiliary cathode, can be obtained in a simple manner.
- the auxiliary cathode is connected'for this purpose to a point of a potentiometer connected between a point having a positive potential and the cathode, the portion of the potentiometer between the auxiliary cathode and the cathode being small with respect to the remainder of the potentiometer.
- the common part of the conductors for the cathode and the auxiliary cathode preferably include a resistance which lies at the same time in the control grid circuit of the discharge tube, in order to obtain the required control grid bias.
- This drawing shows a discharge tube I comprising a cathode 2, which emits electrons upon being heated, a control grid 3, a screen grid 4, an anode 6 and an auxiliary cathode 5 which emits secondary electrons under bombardment by electrons.
- the positive bias of the screen grid 4 and of the anode 6 are taken off from a voltage source (not represented), whose positive terminal is connected to a terminal I, whereas the negative terminal is connected to a terminal 8.
- a potentiometer 9 from which the screen grid voltage is taken off.
- the voltage between the terminals I and 8 may, for instance, have a value of 250 volts, whilst the screen grid is connected to a point having, for instance a tension of about 150 volts relatively to d theterminal 8.
- auxiliary cathode 5 initially has a potential of, say about 40 volts relatively to the cathode. Part of the electrons emitted by the cathode 2 will reach the 5 auxiliary cathode 5 and dislodge therefrom a larger number of secondary electrons. Owing to this the resistance II is traversed by a current directed from the auxiliary cathode 5 to the cathode 2, which results in that the auxiliary cathode 10 5 becomes more positive relatively to the cathode 2.
- auxiliary cathode 5 Due -to this a larger number of primary electrons will reach the auxiliary cathode 5 so that the current traversing the resistance II increases and the voltage of the auxiliary cathode 5 increases further until a state of equilibrium is finally reached, in which the auxiliary cathode 5 has a much higher voltage than in the beginning relatively to the cathode 2.
- the bias of the control grid 3 is obtained by means of a resistance I2 which is shunted by a condenser and interposed in the common part of the leads to the cathode and the auxiliary cathode of the tube I, due to which the current of the auxiliary cathode 5 also flows through the resistance I2 and the desired grid bias can be obtained at a much smaller value of the resistance I2.
- the control grid 3 of the tube I is preferably connected to a point l3 of the potentiometer 9 which point has a positive voltage of, say, 4 volts with respect to the terminal 8, due to which better stabilization of the anode current is ensured.
- the discharge tube I has a very high mutual conductance so that a slight variation of the control grid bias involves a great variation of the anode current.
- a resistance interposed in the cathode lead of a discharge tube has a stabilizing efiect on the anode current, since an increase of anode current is accompanied by an increase of the grid bias in a negative sense.
- an electronic tube provided with a cathode, a control grid, an anode and an auxiliary cathode capable of emitting electrons when subjected to electronic bombardment, said auxiliary cathode being positioned relative 55 to the other electrodes of said tube so as to intercept at least a portion of the electrons emitted by the cathode, and said anode being in such a position relative to the auxiliary cathode as to attract secondary electrons from said auxiliary cathode, a source of" direct current voltage having a positive terminal and a negative terminal, a potentiometer resistance connected between said two terminals, a connection including a resistance element between the cathode and said negative terminal, a connection between the anodeand said positive terminal, means for connecting the control grid to a point of said potentiometer resistance which in the operation of said apparatus is slightly positive with respect to the negative terminal, a circuit including a pair of resistors in 'of said auxiliary electrode to a point of the potenti
Description
March 18, 1941. a. H. PQALMA Er AL 2,235,190
ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT 7 Filed March 9, 1938 INVENTORS GERR/T H. P. ALMA JOHAN L. H. JON/(ER.
BY g
Mm, ATTORNEY n r x nnscriio'hiio TUBE oiaouir J Ge'rrit Hendrik letrusAlma and Johan-,Lodewijk i Hendrik Jonker,Eindhoven, Netherlands, as-
,. signor, by mesne' assignments, to Radio G0rpo-' ration ofiAmerica, New York,-N;:Y., a corpora tionof Delaware Application March 9,
1938, Serial No. 194,788
In the Netherlands March 10, 1937 2 Claims.
This invention relates to a circuit arrangement comprising a discharge tube having at least a cathode, a control grid, an anode and an auxiliary cathode which is either made from or coated with a material emitting secondary electrons under bombardment by electrons.
The invention envisages a circuit arrangement by means of which the feed voltages required for the different electrodes, more particularly for the auxiliary cathode, can be obtained in a simple manner.
According to the invention the auxiliary cathode is connected'for this purpose to a point of a potentiometer connected between a point having a positive potential and the cathode, the portion of the potentiometer between the auxiliary cathode and the cathode being small with respect to the remainder of the potentiometer.
The common part of the conductors for the cathode and the auxiliary cathode preferably include a resistance which lies at the same time in the control grid circuit of the discharge tube, in order to obtain the required control grid bias.
The invention will be more clearly understood by reference to the accompanying drawing representing, by way of example, one embodiment thereof.
This drawing shows a discharge tube I comprising a cathode 2, which emits electrons upon being heated, a control grid 3, a screen grid 4, an anode 6 and an auxiliary cathode 5 which emits secondary electrons under bombardment by electrons. The positive bias of the screen grid 4 and of the anode 6 are taken off from a voltage source (not represented), whose positive terminal is connected to a terminal I, whereas the negative terminal is connected to a terminal 8. Between the terminals 1 and 8 is provided a potentiometer 9 from which the screen grid voltage is taken off. The voltage between the terminals I and 8 may, for instance, have a value of 250 volts, whilst the screen grid is connected to a point having, for instance a tension of about 150 volts relatively to d theterminal 8. According to the invention, the
part of the total voltage available between the terminals 1 and 8. Due to this the auxiliary cathode 5 initially has a potential of, say about 40 volts relatively to the cathode. Part of the electrons emitted by the cathode 2 will reach the 5 auxiliary cathode 5 and dislodge therefrom a larger number of secondary electrons. Owing to this the resistance II is traversed by a current directed from the auxiliary cathode 5 to the cathode 2, which results in that the auxiliary cathode 10 5 becomes more positive relatively to the cathode 2. Due -to this a larger number of primary electrons will reach the auxiliary cathode 5 so that the current traversing the resistance II increases and the voltage of the auxiliary cathode 5 increases further until a state of equilibrium is finally reached, in which the auxiliary cathode 5 has a much higher voltage than in the beginning relatively to the cathode 2.
The bias of the control grid 3 is obtained by means of a resistance I2 which is shunted by a condenser and interposed in the common part of the leads to the cathode and the auxiliary cathode of the tube I, due to which the current of the auxiliary cathode 5 also flows through the resistance I2 and the desired grid bias can be obtained at a much smaller value of the resistance I2.
The control grid 3 of the tube I is preferably connected to a point l3 of the potentiometer 9 which point has a positive voltage of, say, 4 volts with respect to the terminal 8, due to which better stabilization of the anode current is ensured. In fact, the discharge tube I has a very high mutual conductance so that a slight variation of the control grid bias involves a great variation of the anode current. As is well known a resistance interposed in the cathode lead of a discharge tube has a stabilizing efiect on the anode current, since an increase of anode current is accompanied by an increase of the grid bias in a negative sense.
It has now been found that a more efficient stabilization of the anode current can be obtained by connecting the control grid to the positive terminal of a source of direct voltage inserted, in series with the said resistance in the control grid circuit. In the arrangement illustrated the said supply is constituted by the bottom part of the potentiometer 9.
We claim:
1. In signalling apparatus, an electronic tube provided with a cathode, a control grid, an anode and an auxiliary cathode capable of emitting electrons when subjected to electronic bombardment, said auxiliary cathode being positioned relative 55 to the other electrodes of said tube so as to intercept at least a portion of the electrons emitted by the cathode, and said anode being in such a position relative to the auxiliary cathode as to attract secondary electrons from said auxiliary cathode, a source of" direct current voltage having a positive terminal and a negative terminal, a potentiometer resistance connected between said two terminals, a connection including a resistance element between the cathode and said negative terminal, a connection between the anodeand said positive terminal, means for connecting the control grid to a point of said potentiometer resistance which in the operation of said apparatus is slightly positive with respect to the negative terminal, a circuit including a pair of resistors in 'of said auxiliary electrode to a point of the potentiometer resistance connected between the two terminals which is near the positive terminal.
GERRIT -HENDRIK PE'I'RUS ALMA. J OHAN LODEWIJK HENDRIK J ONKER.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NL202088X | 1937-03-10 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2235190A true US2235190A (en) | 1941-03-18 |
Family
ID=19778390
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US194788A Expired - Lifetime US2235190A (en) | 1937-03-10 | 1938-03-09 | Electronic tube circuit |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2235190A (en) |
BE (1) | BE426821A (en) |
CH (1) | CH202088A (en) |
FR (1) | FR835012A (en) |
GB (1) | GB498577A (en) |
NL (1) | NL47700C (en) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2500863A (en) * | 1945-10-01 | 1950-03-14 | Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co | Circuit for converting a voltage of given shape into a voltage of different shape |
US2509998A (en) * | 1942-03-13 | 1950-05-30 | Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co | Pulsing arrangement |
US2598326A (en) * | 1946-11-20 | 1952-05-27 | Emi Ltd | Negative feedback amplifier |
US2617750A (en) * | 1950-01-10 | 1952-11-11 | Interchem Corp | Decorative and protective sheet |
US2662128A (en) * | 1950-08-25 | 1953-12-08 | Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co | Circuit-arrangement for amplifying and separating signals of different frequencies |
US2859345A (en) * | 1953-03-12 | 1958-11-04 | Rca Corp | Electrically tunable oscillator |
US3027517A (en) * | 1958-08-21 | 1962-03-27 | Edgerton Germeshausen And Grie | Blocking oscillator system |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2541019A (en) * | 1946-07-27 | 1951-02-13 | Fed Telecomm Lab Inc | Demodulator system |
-
0
- NL NL47700D patent/NL47700C/xx active
- BE BE426821D patent/BE426821A/xx unknown
-
1938
- 1938-03-07 GB GB7155/38A patent/GB498577A/en not_active Expired
- 1938-03-08 CH CH202088D patent/CH202088A/en unknown
- 1938-03-09 US US194788A patent/US2235190A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1938-03-09 FR FR835012D patent/FR835012A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2509998A (en) * | 1942-03-13 | 1950-05-30 | Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co | Pulsing arrangement |
US2500863A (en) * | 1945-10-01 | 1950-03-14 | Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co | Circuit for converting a voltage of given shape into a voltage of different shape |
US2598326A (en) * | 1946-11-20 | 1952-05-27 | Emi Ltd | Negative feedback amplifier |
US2617750A (en) * | 1950-01-10 | 1952-11-11 | Interchem Corp | Decorative and protective sheet |
US2662128A (en) * | 1950-08-25 | 1953-12-08 | Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co | Circuit-arrangement for amplifying and separating signals of different frequencies |
US2859345A (en) * | 1953-03-12 | 1958-11-04 | Rca Corp | Electrically tunable oscillator |
US3027517A (en) * | 1958-08-21 | 1962-03-27 | Edgerton Germeshausen And Grie | Blocking oscillator system |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CH202088A (en) | 1938-12-31 |
GB498577A (en) | 1939-01-10 |
FR835012A (en) | 1938-12-09 |
BE426821A (en) | |
NL47700C (en) |
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