US1155402A - Apparatus for drying granular material. - Google Patents

Apparatus for drying granular material. Download PDF

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Publication number
US1155402A
US1155402A US82854914A US1914828549A US1155402A US 1155402 A US1155402 A US 1155402A US 82854914 A US82854914 A US 82854914A US 1914828549 A US1914828549 A US 1914828549A US 1155402 A US1155402 A US 1155402A
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United States
Prior art keywords
column
drying
granular material
air
inlet
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US82854914A
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Ernst Bornmann
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J A Topf & Soehne
Topf J A & Soehne
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Topf J A & Soehne
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
    • F26B17/12—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft
    • F26B17/14—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft the materials moving through a counter-current of gas
    • F26B17/1433—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft the materials moving through a counter-current of gas the drying enclosure, e.g. shaft, having internal members or bodies for guiding, mixing or agitating the material, e.g. imposing a zig-zag movement onto the material
    • F26B17/1441—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft the materials moving through a counter-current of gas the drying enclosure, e.g. shaft, having internal members or bodies for guiding, mixing or agitating the material, e.g. imposing a zig-zag movement onto the material the members or bodies being stationary, e.g. fixed panels, baffles, grids, the position of which may be adjustable

Definitions

  • Patented Oct. 5, 14315 Patented Oct. 5, 14315.
  • Patented let. 5, 1915.
  • the invention set out in that specification consists of an apparatus for drying granular material in which the material to be dried 15 passed as an lnclosed mass through a shaft and is caused to move continually in the same direction as the drying.
  • the layer of material being maintained of uniform depth over the whole cross section of the apparatus.
  • the depth of the layer and uniformity of the column of material in the apparatus are regulated by means of baflles sloped in accordance with the angle of repose of the material in conjunction with a feeding device at the top.
  • This invention is modified according to the present invention in such a manner that the material passing through the apparatus is so divided that each coherent column of material always slopes away toward one side. In this way it is insured that all portions of the column of material will move uniformly through the apparatus. This is not the case, however, with the column of material, as according to the prior invention this is caused to deviate in more than one direction at the same time when it is divided up,"and especially is this so when the baffles dividing up the column are not quite exactly fitted so that on one side there is more frictional resistance or less free cross section than on another side. v
  • FIG. 1 shows diagrammatically one form of construction according to the invention in vertical section in a larger scale
  • Figs. 4 and'5 are front and side views respectively of acomplete apparatus consisting .of a number of columns of elements.
  • the construction of the apparatus is in principle the same as that of the prior invention.
  • the material is introduced in the form of an inclosed column uniformly tricls' ling down through an inlet I) into a drying shaft a of one or more section and it passes out through an outlet 0.
  • two drying superimposed elements are contemplated which are separated by means of the battle m.
  • the air outlet Z is disposedat a point below the battles e and the latter are joined up to the baffles 7, which in this case are'opposite the baffle m.
  • the supply of heating air takes place as in the prior invention through a junction k opening out above the upper surface of the columns.
  • the present shaft (1; is divided by a vertical partition 0 arranged in the plane of the apices of the batlies e, f, and this partition extends from the inlet to the outlet for the material.
  • the material runs through the being influenced by any small differences in the cross-section of the passages through the shaft.
  • This mode of operation is of considerable advantage, more particularly for quick, uniform drying of a large mass of material. It is at its best when, as in the example of construction illustrated, the apparatus is of rectangular shape and each sloping surface extends constantly across the whole of the sides of the apparatus. The air may be drawn from the adjacent halves of the column of material, as shown in the drawing, through a cominon outlet Z, one for each complete shaft element.
  • a suitably driven perforated disk at is connected to the outlet 0. This removes the dry mathisdisk is adjustable in order to render it invention, the
  • baflles c. m for suitably treating and conducting the material to be dried.
  • One of these baflles in the example illus trated the part m, serves for leading the material from one element to another or for thedischarge of the material.
  • Each element is, besides. provided with inlet and outlet passages ls, Z for air or gas, and in fact, either of these passages can serve as inlet or outlet passages for the a1r'accord-,
  • the arrangement is such that one kind of passage of each element operates eitheras an 1 air inlet or outlet for the next adjacent ele "completely through the material therein, and out again through the outlet ment.
  • the openings is are designed as inlets and those Z as outlets.
  • the air in the case whenfthe heating medium moves in the Harborrection: as the treated material, takes the.patlifindicated by arrows, that is to say, it passes out from the air inlets 7c of the element 1 (Fig. 3) by the shortest way in the element 2 below, lying Z in this element.
  • the path of the air is in the opposite direction to that of the arrows, so that the air first passes through the layer'ofmaterial in thatelement to which the "air inlet ,be-
  • inlet box 1 which first receives the material to be dried or to be cooled, and is mountd upon the top of each apparatus.
  • the construction of this inlet box is mainly the same as that of one of the elements of the apparatus but is somewhat shallower than these and has no bafile e for the inlet of the material, it being unnecessary in this case.
  • Units of the apparatus of this kind the cubic content of which is designed for a certain normal standard output, can be su i per-imposed one upon the other in any de-' sired number according to the output desired, and is available in the case of suitable an inlet box.
  • the elements can,'however,- be arranged in rows one'next to the other and simply connected together in case the conditions of the spot at which it is to be erected are better adapted for this.v
  • each column has 4 All the inlet boxes are, by means of an equalizing container 7) which first receives the'materia'l to be led in, fed at a uniform rate and a uniform amount.
  • the elements of each column are connected to the common air pipes 1', I which can be joined themselves as desired or necessary with the main pipes.
  • an apparatus for drying granular material comprising in combination an inclosed shaft through which material is passed in a continuous column, sets of baflle plates arranged in said column to cause the material to pass through the column in sub-d1visions having independent move- 'ments, divisionv plates arranged vertically in said shaft in common alinement so as to maintain the independence of said sub-divisions in their passage from one setof baflle plates to another, and means for introducing a drying medium at various stages.
  • An apparatusfor drying granular material comprising in combination an inclosed shaft through which material is passed in acontinuous column, setsof bailie plates arranged in said column to cause the material to pass through the column in sub-divisions having independent movements, division plates arranged vertically in said shaft in common alinement so as to maintain the independence of said subdivisions in their passage from one set of v ERNST BORNMANN.

Description

E. BGRNMANN.
APPARATUS FOR DRYING GRANULAR MATERIAL.
APPLICATION FILEDNAR. 31. m4.
1,155,402. Patented 001:. 1915.
2 SHEETS-SHEET I.
E. BORNMANN. APPARATUS FOR DRYING GRANULAR MATERIAL.
APPLICATION FILED MAN. 3h I914.
Patented Oct. 5, 14315.
ammy 2 SHEETSSHEET 2.
ERNST BORNMANN, 0F ERFURT, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO TI IE FIRM OF J. A: TOP]? 8t SOEHNE, OF ERFURT, GERMANY.
APPARATUS FOR DRYING GRANULAR MATERIAL.
Specification of Letters Patent.
Patented (let. 5, 1915.
Application filed March 31. 1914. Serial No. 828,549.
798033. The invention set out in that specification consists of an apparatus for drying granular material in which the material to be dried 15 passed as an lnclosed mass through a shaft and is caused to move continually in the same direction as the drying.
medium, the layer of material being maintained of uniform depth over the whole cross section of the apparatus. The depth of the layer and uniformity of the column of material in the apparatus are regulated by means of baflles sloped in accordance with the angle of repose of the material in conjunction with a feeding device at the top.
This invention is modified according to the present invention in such a manner that the material passing through the apparatus is so divided that each coherent column of material always slopes away toward one side. In this way it is insured that all portions of the column of material will move uniformly through the apparatus. This is not the case, however, with the column of material, as according to the prior invention this is caused to deviate in more than one direction at the same time when it is divided up,"and especially is this so when the baffles dividing up the column are not quite exactly fitted so that on one side there is more frictional resistance or less free cross section than on another side. v
The accompanying drawings serve to illustrate one form of construction according to the invention.
In these drawings-Figure l is a vertical section, and Fig. 2 is a front view in which a part of the outer casing is cut away. Fig. 3 shows diagrammatically one form of construction according to the invention in vertical section in a larger scale, and Figs. 4 and'5 are front and side views respectively of acomplete apparatus consisting .of a number of columns of elements.
The construction of the apparatus is in principle the same as that of the prior invention. The material is introduced in the form of an inclosed column uniformly tricls' ling down through an inlet I) into a drying shaft a of one or more section and it passes out through an outlet 0. In the example of construction illustrated in Fig. 1 two drying superimposed elements are contemplated which are separated by means of the battle m. By this construction the air outlet Z is disposedat a point below the battles e and the latter are joined up to the baffles 7, which in this case are'opposite the baffle m. The supply of heating air takes place as in the prior invention through a junction k opening out above the upper surface of the columns.
According to the present shaft (1; is divided by a vertical partition 0 arranged in the plane of the apices of the batlies e, f, and this partition extends from the inlet to the outlet for the material. In
consequence, the material runs through the being influenced by any small differences in the cross-section of the passages through the shaft. This mode of operation is of considerable advantage, more particularly for quick, uniform drying of a large mass of material. It is at its best when, as in the example of construction illustrated, the apparatus is of rectangular shape and each sloping surface extends constantly across the whole of the sides of the apparatus. The air may be drawn from the adjacent halves of the column of material, as shown in the drawing, through a cominon outlet Z, one for each complete shaft element.
For the purpose of uniformly emptying the two halves of the column and of further insuring the uniformity and smoothness of the operation of the whole apparatus, a suitably driven perforated disk at is connected to the outlet 0. This removes the dry mathisdisk is adjustable in order to render it invention, the
necessary baflies c. m for suitably treating and conducting the material to be dried. One of these baflles, in the example illus trated the part m, serves for leading the material from one element to another or for thedischarge of the material. Each element is, besides. provided with inlet and outlet passages ls, Z for air or gas, and in fact, either of these passages can serve as inlet or outlet passages for the a1r'accord-,
I ing to whether the apparatus is to work with the heating medium moving-1n the same direction as the treated material or in the opposite direction. In any case, the arrangement is such that one kind of passage of each element operates eitheras an 1 air inlet or outlet for the next adjacent ele "completely through the material therein, and out again through the outlet ment. By way of example in the construction illustratedthe openings is are designed as inlets and those Z as outlets. In this case the air, in the case whenfthe heating medium moves in the samedirection: as the treated material, takes the.patlifindicated by arrows, that is to say, it passes out from the air inlets 7c of the element 1 (Fig. 3) by the shortest way in the element 2 below, lying Z in this element. If the apparatus works with the-drying;medium passing in the opposite direction to the treated material, the path of the air is in the opposite direction to that of the arrows, so that the air first passes through the layer'ofmaterial in thatelement to which the "air inlet ,be-
longs. In this way the whole of the single elements built together, without further trouble, make up a completeapparatus. If the apparatus only consistsof one unit it must be completed as regards the air opening by means of a so-called inlet box 1), which first receives the material to be dried or to be cooled, and is mountd upon the top of each apparatus. The construction of this inlet box is mainly the same as that of one of the elements of the apparatus but is somewhat shallower than these and has no bafile e for the inlet of the material, it being unnecessary in this case.
Units of the apparatus of this kind, the cubic content of which is designed for a certain normal standard output, can be su i per-imposed one upon the other in any de-' sired number according to the output desired, and is available in the case of suitable an inlet box.
high spaces. The elements, can,'however,- be arranged in rows one'next to the other and simply connected together in case the conditions of the spot at which it is to be erected are better adapted for this.v
Therefore this apparatus places one in the position of having the choice of two apparatuses of the same output with difi'erent requirements as regards space for use according to whether there is more head space umns each of six .units; each column has 4 All the inlet boxes are, by means of an equalizing container 7) which first receives the'materia'l to be led in, fed at a uniform rate and a uniform amount. The elements of each column are connected to the common air pipes 1', I which can be joined themselves as desired or necessary with the main pipes.
Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is 1. In an apparatus for drying granular material, comprising in combination an inclosed shaft through which material is passed in a continuous column, sets of baflle plates arranged in said column to cause the material to pass through the column in sub-d1visions having independent move- 'ments, divisionv plates arranged vertically in said shaft in common alinement so as to maintain the independence of said sub-divisions in their passage from one setof baflle plates to another, and means for introducing a drying medium at various stages.
2-. An apparatusfor drying granular material, comprising in combination an inclosed shaft through which material is passed in acontinuous column, setsof bailie plates arranged in said column to cause the material to pass through the column in sub-divisions having independent movements, division plates arranged vertically in said shaft in common alinement so as to maintain the independence of said subdivisions in their passage from one set of v ERNST BORNMANN. Witnesses:
Gnone Sonnlimm, WILLIAM KERNER.
copies of this patent may be obtained for five can}: each,- by addraalng the flommlnioner ot intents, wdahlnztom'mc,
US82854914A 1914-03-31 1914-03-31 Apparatus for drying granular material. Expired - Lifetime US1155402A (en)

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2436780A (en) * 1942-06-17 1948-02-24 Socony Vacuum Oil Co Inc Method for handling a contact mass
US2458359A (en) * 1944-05-05 1949-01-04 Socony Vacuum Oil Co Inc Process of multiple-zone regeneration of a moving bed catalyst
US2458358A (en) * 1944-03-14 1949-01-04 Socony Vacuum Oil Co Inc Process of regenerating a moving bed of solid catalyst
US2458487A (en) * 1944-05-24 1949-01-04 Socony Vacuum Oil Co Inc Method and apparatus for conducting the regeneration of a moving bed catalyst
US2556301A (en) * 1949-12-10 1951-06-12 Standard Oil Dev Co Contacting solid particles and gaseous fluids
US2596299A (en) * 1952-05-13 Sheetsxsheet i
US3435540A (en) * 1968-02-07 1969-04-01 Norman H Sanders Jr Apparatus for aerating loose particles
US4455282A (en) * 1981-07-09 1984-06-19 Marquess Gerald E Electric furnace for continously heating and regenerating spent activated carbon

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2596299A (en) * 1952-05-13 Sheetsxsheet i
US2436780A (en) * 1942-06-17 1948-02-24 Socony Vacuum Oil Co Inc Method for handling a contact mass
US2458358A (en) * 1944-03-14 1949-01-04 Socony Vacuum Oil Co Inc Process of regenerating a moving bed of solid catalyst
US2458359A (en) * 1944-05-05 1949-01-04 Socony Vacuum Oil Co Inc Process of multiple-zone regeneration of a moving bed catalyst
US2458487A (en) * 1944-05-24 1949-01-04 Socony Vacuum Oil Co Inc Method and apparatus for conducting the regeneration of a moving bed catalyst
US2556301A (en) * 1949-12-10 1951-06-12 Standard Oil Dev Co Contacting solid particles and gaseous fluids
US3435540A (en) * 1968-02-07 1969-04-01 Norman H Sanders Jr Apparatus for aerating loose particles
US4455282A (en) * 1981-07-09 1984-06-19 Marquess Gerald E Electric furnace for continously heating and regenerating spent activated carbon

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