DE102010021274A1 - Method for nesting natural leather to manufacture e.g. shoes, involves projecting contours within outer contour on leather by projector coupled with monitor, where contours are cut from leather using position data obtained in monitor - Google Patents

Abstract

The method involves detecting outer contour, structure and material defect locations of natural leather (10) by a camera (3). Contours (a, b) stored in a computer (6) are manually moved to a monitor (7) in two degrees of freedom and placed within the outer contour. The contours within the outer contour are projected on the leather by a projector (4) coupled with the computer and/or the monitor. The moving and positioning step and the projection step are repeated until nesting of the leather is completed, and the contours are cut from the leather using position data obtained in the monitor. An independent claim is also included for a system for nesting natural leather comprising a camera i.e. digital color camera.

Description

The invention relates to a method for nests of natural leather, taking into account the structure and material defects of the leather and a system for carrying out the method.

The particular problem with the nesting of leather is that leather is a natural product and therefore not every coat must be individually nested according to its shape and size and according to the natural defects, such as scars or tanning errors, such as cracks or holes. Nesting means laying out stencils or laying them on the dermis, taking into account the flaws. Depending on which product the leather is to be processed later, one and the same flaw can be completely intolerable or quite acceptable. Scarring in the leather, for example, caused by injury to the animal on the fence or insect bites. On the visible side of a high-quality piece of furniture or high-quality clothing, scars are not tolerable, but on reasonably priced shoes or belts. That no parts with holes or cracks may be processed, is self-evident.

From the DE 40 12 462 C2 is a method for nesting of natural leather, taking into account the structural and material defect locations known in which the outer contour and the defects of the leather detected by a camera, passed to a computer and stored there, with various contours for the parts to be cut are stored in the computer , The flaws in the leather are represented in the camera by different tints, which vary depending on the degree of error. The stored contours for the parts to be cut out have colors or areas corresponding to the degree of error, and any possible arrangement combination of the contours to be cut out can be simulated in the computer taking into account the permissible coverage of individual error degrees in the areas. For each simulated arrangement combination, the utilization rate achieved is determined and the individual arrangement combinations are then compared with each other. After completion of the comparison, the cut layer image is automatically cut, with which an optimal utilization was achieved.

From the DE 41 18 321 C2 is a cutting device known, can be cut with the fully automatically nested leather.

The DE 197 17 679 C1 discloses a method of cutting individual parts from a dermis, which is first digitally detected and then recognizably identified and optimized by nesting the component templates. To prepare for cutting, the skin is aligned on a cutting pad. The items are cut out and then cleared. To prepare for cutting, features of the digitized optimized skin are projected onto the cutting pad, the skin is positioned on the cutting pad using the projected features, and the cut parts are marked by projection. According to this marking, the items are then sorted and cleared.

From the DE 195 14 363 C2 For example, a method for cutting leather is known. The leather is first placed on a detection and cutting table, and selected from the leather cutting pattern from the memory of a computer and optically displayed on a reduced scale on a display surface. An operator selects each of the cutting pattern to be cut and projects the peripheral contour via a projector on the cutting material and moves the projected template on the leather until an optimal position has been found. Then another template is selected, projected onto the skin and moved and rotated until it has an optimal position. After completion of the Nestens an automatic cutting process is triggered.

A disadvantage of the projection of the templates on the leather is that the operator can not see every part of the leather from one point of view. It therefore has to move around the cutting table in order to be able to clearly identify the imperfections in the skin. The work of the Nestens becomes so physically exhausting.

The invention has for its object to provide a method for nests of natural leather, which can be performed quickly, easily and above all fatigue-free by an operator.

• a) die Außenkontur, die Struktur und die Materialfehlerstellen des auf einem Schneidtisch aufliegenden Leders werden über eine Kamera erfasst, an einen Rechner weitergegeben und von dort auf einem ersten, als Touchscreen ausgebildeten Bildschirm maßstabsverkleinert angezeigt,
• b) eine Mehrzahl von im Rechner gespeicherten Konturen für später auszuschneidende Teile werden auf dem ersten Bildschirm maßstabsverkleinert angezeigt,
• c) jede der angezeigten Konturen kann einzeln oder mit einer weiteren Kontur zusammen manuell auf dem ersten Bildschirm in mindestens zwei Freiheitsgraden bewegt und innerhalb der angezeigten Außenkontur platziert werden,
• d) jede innerhalb der Außenkontur platzierte Kontur wird entsprechend ihrer Lage über einen mit dem Rechner und/oder dem ersten Bildschirm gekoppelten Projektor auf das Leder projiziert,
• e) Wiederholen der Schritte c) und d), bis das Nesten abgeschlossen ist und anschließendes
• f) Ausschneiden der Konturen aus dem Leder unter Verwendung der beim Nesten auf dem ersten Bildschirm gewonnenen Lagedaten innerhalb der Außenkontur.

To solve the problem, a generic method is characterized by the following steps:

• a) the outer contour, the structure and the material defect areas of the leather resting on a cutting table are detected by a camera, passed on to a computer and from there displayed on a first screen formed as a touchscreen scale reduced,
• b) a plurality of contours stored in the computer for parts to be cut out later are displayed on the first screen in a scale-reduced manner,
• c) each of the displayed contours can be individually or with a further contour together manually on the first screen in at least two Degrees of freedom are moved and placed within the displayed outer contour,
• d) each contour placed within the outer contour is projected onto the leather according to its position via a projector coupled to the computer and / or the first screen,
• e) repeating steps c) and d) until nesting is complete and subsequent
• f) cutting the contours out of the leather using the position data obtained during nesting on the first screen within the outer contour.

By this method, the nesting can be done exclusively on the screen. A high-resolution camera guarantees that the defects and the structure of the leather are clearly displayed on the screen. The individual parts to be cut out are displayed, for example, on the two side edges of the touch screen next to the skin shown approximately centrally on the touch screen. The operator can choose with both hands ever a template, both templates simultaneously move manually on the screen and, if the contours can be preferably moved in at least three degrees of freedom, even rotate and place it at a desired location on the skin. To check the projected on the screen on the skin contour is projected via a projector in original size on the skin lying on the cutting table, so that the operator can visually check the position or the later auszuschneidende part. For this purpose, it is advantageous if the workstation is arranged higher for the operator next to the cutting table so that it has an improved full overview.

Preferably, the material defect locations are qualified according to their degree of interference and displayed on the touchscreen according to their degree of interference in different colors. Nests will be further facilitated. Whole areas can be marked, for example, can not be cut into, or it can be marked areas that are suitable for certain blanks, for others but unsuitable.

For this purpose, the contours of the parts to be cut later on the touch screen can also be marked accordingly.

It is advantageous if the product which is to be produced from the parts to be cut out later is displayed on a second screen and each contour genestete on the first screen is displayed on the displayed product. The operator recognizes the same whether later adjoining items fit together, for example, in their structure. That is, the operator recognizes how the contour that she is nesting is located in the later product. Thus, without the need for many years of experience of the operator, for example, be recognized whether the structure of the seat cushion of an armchair to the structure of the adjacent backrest and / or fits to the armrests. The operator may also check to see if a fault that you have indicated to be tolerable or that has accepted it as tolerable is actually tolerable on the finished product, for example because it will be in an invisible location.

Instead of displaying the product to be manufactured on the second screen, a sewing plan for the parts to be cut later can be displayed, so that the operator can recognize which parts are sewn together, so that it is also possible to check how to cut them later Parts are to be connected together to form the finished product.

Preferably, individual areas can be displayed enlarged on both screens. The zoom function on the first screen, the defect and its extent instead of scaled down to be displayed enlarged, so that the placement of the contour is simplified because it can be as close to the fault as possible, if necessary, to increase the degree of utilization , If individual areas of the finished product or the sewing plan can be displayed enlarged, the operator can clearly see whether the tolerated fault is really not visible or indeed tolerable.

For this purpose, it is advantageous if the product displayed on the second screen can be moved with at least four, preferably even five, degrees of freedom. It can then not only be moved up and down, but also rotated by two or three axes, so that it is visible from all sides. Preferably, the second screen is a touchscreen, which simplifies handling for the operator.

Instead of rotating the product displayed on the second screen, it is also conceivable to let the virtual camera picking up the product drive around the product. This representation has the advantage that any shadows change because the virtual illumination of the product remains "fixed", which better reflects the reality.

• a) einen Schneidtisch mit einer über den Schneidtisch bewegbaren Schneideinrichtung,
• b) einer über dem Schneidtisch angeordneten und mit dem Rechner verbundenen Kamera,
• c) einem über dem Schneidtisch angeordneten und mit dem Rechner verbundenen Projektor und
• d) zwei mit dem Rechner verbundene Bildschirme.

An installation for carrying out the method is characterized by the following features:

• a) a cutting table with a movable over the cutting table cutting device,
• b) a camera arranged above the cutting table and connected to the computer,
• c) arranged above the cutting table and connected to the computer and projector
• d) two screens connected to the computer.

The camera is preferably a digital color camera. Instead of having two separate screens, a single screen can be used to display two screens, i. H. which is subdivided such that one part assumes the function of a first screen and the other part assumes the function of a second screen.

Of course, it is advantageous if the dermis is nested on the cutting table. However, it is also conceivable that the nesting and cutting takes place on two different tables. The nested skin must of course then be positioned and aligned accordingly on the cutting table. Optionally, it is also necessary to mark the skin, so that the stored in the computer to the skin interface image can also be assigned. For this purpose, the skin can be provided with a barcode that can be glued or printed.

With the aid of a drawing, an embodiment of the invention will be described in more detail below.

It shows:

1 - The schematic representation of the system for carrying out the method;

2 - The perspective view of the support of the cutting table;

3 The image of the first screen after digitizing the leather;

4 - the image of the first screen during the Nestens;

5 - the image of the second screen during the Nestens;

6 - Another image of the second screen during the Nestens.

The cutting machine 9 consists of the cutting table 1 and the cutter movable thereover in the longitudinal and transverse directions 2 , This may be, for example, a water jet cutting system. Above the cutting table 1 are a digital color camera 3 and a projector 4 arranged so that they rest on the pad 5 of the cutting table 1 completely capture. The camera 3 and the projector 4 are with a calculator 6 and a first multi-touch display 7 connected. With the calculator 6 is also a second multi-touch display 8th and the cutting machine 9 connected.

On the edition 5 will the dermis 10 put on and their peripheral contour 11 as well as all in the skin 10 contained faults 12 . 13 . 14 captured and sent to the computer 6 from where they are subsequently displayed on the screen 7 are displayed.

The screen 7 is a touch screen, leaving the imaged dermis 10 from the operator on the screen 7 can be moved back and forth and rotated (see. 2 ). The individual cut parts A, B, C, D, E, F, ... are digitized and in the computer 6 saved. They will, like 3 shows at the edge of the screen 7 scaled down as templates a, b, c, d, ... displayed (see. 4 ). On the second screen 8th becomes the finished product 15 , which is to be produced from the parts to be cut A, B, C, D, ..., shown in 3D representation. Also this screen 8th is a touch screen, so the product 15 by tapping or touching in all directions on the screen 8th can be moved and rotated. The nested templates a, b, c, d, ... (cf. 4 ) are on the finished product 15 (see. 5 ), so that the operator recognizes in the example chosen, that the templates a, b, they on the skin 10 placed on the finished product 15 Either two seat cushions A, B or the two halves of a seat cushion are so that they can check if the way they do the templates a, b on the skin 10 has placed in their structure to match each other, as they are the contiguous contours on the screen 8th recognizes. The operator can also see if the structures match the environment, the backrest and the side panels. It can also recognize whether the marked fault locations 12 . 13 . 14 in the case of tolerable flaws, on the finished product 15 are invisible. 6 shows another illustration on the second screen 8th , Instead of the finished product 15 becomes a sewing plan 16 shown, from which it is apparent how the parts to be cut later A, B, C, D, ... are sewn together later. Also in this representation, the operator can recognize whether the way they the templates a, b, c, ... on the skin ( 10 ), in their structure match each other.

In the figures are the different degrees of flaws 12 . 13 . 14 represented by dotted, dot-dashed and dashed lines. On the screen 7 and possibly also 8th the error rates are represented by different colors. For example, an error location marked in red 14 mean that this error completely is intolerable and in this area no template a, b, c, d, ... may be inserted. A yellow marked error area 13 may mean, for example, that such an error in invisible places of the finished product 15 and a fault area marked in green 12 may mean, for example, that such an error also occurs on certain visible parts of the finished product 15 is acceptable. The on the screen 7 masks shown a, b, c, d, ... may also have correspondingly color-coded locations or areas, so that the operator recognizes with which part of the template a, b, c, d, ... they can cover certain error areas ,

The selection of the templates a, b, c, ... is done by tapping or touching. For example, the operator can use his two index fingers to make a template a from the right side edge of the screen 7 and a template b from the left side edge of the screen 7 select, over the screen 7 onto the skin 10 move to the position she considers appropriate. At the same time, you will be on the screen 8th the corresponding cut-out part A, B, ... on the finished product 15 displayed. The operator can then check if the structures of the skin 10 on the finished parts A, B, ... match or the templates a, b, ... better still slightly rotated or moved. This process is repeated until the skin 10 completely nested. Subsequently, with the digital position data of the templates a, b, c, ..., in the computer 6 are stored, the cutting device 2 the cutting system 9 controlled and the individual pattern parts from the dermis 10 cut out.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

cutting table

2

cutter

3

camera

4

projector

5

edition

6

computer

7

Screen / touch / multi-touch display

8th

Screen / touch screen / multitouch display

9

cutting machine

10

Skin / leather / leather skin

11

outer contour

12

fault location

13

fault location

14

fault location

15

product

16

Nähplan

a

template

b

template

c

template

d

template

e

template

f

template

A, B

finished cut part

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 4012462 C2 [0003]
• DE 4118321 C2 [0004]
• DE 19717679 C1 [0005]
• DE 19514363 C2 [0006]

Claims (15)

Process for the nesting of natural leather taking into account the structure and material defect areas of the leather with the following steps: a) the outer contour ( 11 ), the structure and the material defect areas ( 12 . 13 . 14 ) of on a cutting table ( 1 ) resting leather ( 10 ) are connected via a camera ( 3 ), to a computer ( 6 ) and from there on a first, designed as a touch screen screen ( 7 ) displayed to scale down, b) a plurality of in the computer ( 6 stored contours (a, b, c, d, ...) for parts to be cut later (A, B, C, D, ...) are displayed on the first screen ( 7 c) Each of the displayed contours (a, b, c, d,...) can be displayed individually or with a further contour (a, b, c, d,...) together manually on the first screen (FIG. 7 ) in at least two degrees of freedom and within the displayed outer contour ( 11 d) each within the outer contour ( 11 ) placed contour (a, b, c, d, ...) is in accordance with their location on one with the computer ( 6 ) and / or the first screen ( 7 ) coupled projector ( 4 ) on the leather ( 10 e) repeating steps c) and d) until nesting is complete and then f) cutting out the contours (a, b, c, d, ...) from the leather ( 10 ) using the nests on the first screen ( 7 ) obtained position data within the outer contour ( 11 ). Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the material defect locations ( 12 . 13 . 14 ) qualified according to their degree of interference and according to their degree of interference in different colors on the first screen ( 7 ) are displayed. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that on a second screen ( 8th ) the product ( 15 ) to be produced from the parts to be cut later (A, B, C, D, ...), and each one on the first screen ( 7 ) nested contour (a, b, c, d, ...) on the displayed product ( 15 ) is displayed. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the first screen ( 7 ) individual areas of the leather ( 10 ) are displayed enlarged. Method according to claim 3, characterized in that on the second screen ( 8th ) individual areas of the finished product ( 15 ) are displayed enlarged. Method according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that on the second screen ( 8th ) displayed product ( 15 ) can be moved with at least four degrees of freedom. Method according to one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the second screen ( 8th ) is a touch screen. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that each of the displayed contours (a, b, c, d, e, ...) can be moved in at least three degrees of freedom. Method according to claim 6, characterized in that the displayed product ( 15 ) can be moved in five degrees of freedom. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the second screen ( 8th ) a sewing plan ( 16 ) is displayed for the parts to be cut (A, B, C, ...). Method according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the virtual camera with which the finished product ( 15 ) is added to the finished product ( 15 ) is guided around. Method according to Claims 1 and 3, characterized in that the first ( 7 ) and second ( 8th ) Screen on a single large screen. Plant for carrying out the method according to claim 3, characterized by: a) a cutting table ( 1 ) with one over the cutting table ( 1 ) movable cutting device ( 2 ), b) one above the cutting table ( 1 ) and with the computer ( 6 connected camera ( 3 ), c) one above the cutting table ( 1 ) and with the computer ( 6 connected projector ( 4 ) and d) two with the computer ( 6 ) connected screens ( 7 . 8th ). Plant according to claim 8, characterized in that the screens ( 7 . 8th ) Touch screens, especially multi-touch displays are. Plant according to claim 8, characterized in that the camera ( 3 ) is a digital color camera.

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