CN1090321C - 用于带有进气管的内燃机的压力传感器 - Google Patents

用于带有进气管的内燃机的压力传感器 Download PDF

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CN1090321C
CN1090321C CN96106229A CN96106229A CN1090321C CN 1090321 C CN1090321 C CN 1090321C CN 96106229 A CN96106229 A CN 96106229A CN 96106229 A CN96106229 A CN 96106229A CN 1090321 C CN1090321 C CN 1090321C
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pressure
draft tube
pressure transducer
flexible pipe
pressure connection
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CN1142606A (zh
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H·M·霍兴堡格
W·库特
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L19/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluent medium insofar as such details or accessories are not special to particular types of pressure gauges
    • G01L19/0007—Fluidic connecting means
    • G01L19/003—Fluidic connecting means using a detachable interface or adapter between the process medium and the pressure gauge
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L19/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluent medium insofar as such details or accessories are not special to particular types of pressure gauges
    • G01L19/14—Housings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L19/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluent medium insofar as such details or accessories are not special to particular types of pressure gauges
    • G01L19/0007—Fluidic connecting means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L19/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluent medium insofar as such details or accessories are not special to particular types of pressure gauges
    • G01L19/0007—Fluidic connecting means
    • G01L19/0038—Fluidic connecting means being part of the housing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L19/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluent medium insofar as such details or accessories are not special to particular types of pressure gauges
    • G01L19/0061—Electrical connection means
    • G01L19/0084—Electrical connection means to the outside of the housing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L23/00—Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid
    • G01L23/24—Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid specially adapted for measuring pressure in inlet or exhaust ducts of internal-combustion engines
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
    • G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
    • G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
    • G01N21/6428—Measuring fluorescence of fluorescent products of reactions or of fluorochrome labelled reactive substances, e.g. measuring quenching effects, using measuring "optrodes"
    • G01N21/643—Measuring fluorescence of fluorescent products of reactions or of fluorochrome labelled reactive substances, e.g. measuring quenching effects, using measuring "optrodes" non-biological material

Abstract

在直接装在内燃机的进气管上的压力传感器中，存在着压力管接头积冰的危险，在最坏的情况下可能导致压力传感器失效。压力传感器(1)具有一个从进气管(5)的内壁(29)伸展大致到达进气管的中心或越过进气管的中心，从而显著地降低了压力传感器积冰的危险。这种压力传感器特别适用于混合气压缩的、外源点火的内燃机。

Description

用于带有进气管的内燃机的压力传感器
本发明涉及压力传感器，具体涉及一种用于带有一个进气管的内燃机的、带有一个用于在进气管内流动的介质的压力管接头的压力传感器。
DE-OS 43 17 312公开了一种压力传感器，它具有一个带有一个接管形状的压力管接头的塑料壳体，该压力管接头在装配在进气管上时装成跟内燃机的进气管的内壁基本上齐平或跟该内壁仅有几毫米的距离，但是在这样的直接装在进气管上的压力传感器中，存在着压力管接头积冰的危险，在最坏情况下可导致压力传感器失效。特别在带有废气再循环与曲轴箱排气到进气管的内燃机中，积冰的危险特别高，因为流动介质中具有高含量的气态溶解水，这些气态溶解水在低的温度下、主要在压力传感器的压力测量装置的薄的金属传感器小管的内部可以冷凝成冰。
本发明的目的在于提供一种减小以至排除在压力传感器的压力管接头上积冰的危险的压力传感器。
本发明的目的通过以下的技术方案得以实现。本发明的压力传感器的压力管接头伸展大致到达进气管的中心或越过进气管的中心。这种压力传感器的优点在于可以极为可靠地排除了压力传感器积冰的危险，也可以有利地防止在进气管内流动的介质的液体组份积聚在压力传感器上，从而进一步减小了压力传感器积冰的危险。
本发明的技术方案的进一步的发展在于，压力传感器的压力管接头可至少部分地由一个软管构成，该软管伸展大致到达进气管的中心或越过进气管的中心，该软管可套装在压力管接头上并可设计成可弯曲的结构，软管可由塑料、特别是氟橡胶制成。特别有利的是，无须进行重大的结构改变就可以以简单的方式对现有的压力传感器进行改装，从而只稍许增加了制造成本。此外，本发明的压力传感器在装配时并不需要额外的场地。
附图简要地示出本发明的一个实施例。在下面将结合附图对本发明的实施例进行详细描述。
图1示意表示本发明的压力传感器。
在附图中简要地示出一个以标号1标示的压力传感器，其基本组成部份是一个压力测量装置，该压力测量装置设计成例如一个传感器单元3的形式并安置在压力传感器1的壳体6内。壳体6设计成两个部份的结构，由一个接管形状的压力管接头7和一个盖帽形状的壳体构件8组成。该压力管接头7和壳体构件8最好由例如以注塑工艺方式塑制的塑料制成。传感器单元3用金属制成并安置在壳体构件8的凹穴9内，以形状吻合的配合方式嵌入凹穴9内。传感器单元3例如通过粘合剂固定在皿形凹穴9内，使传感器单元3跟周围密封地封闭住一直密封到一个装在传感器单元3上的薄金属传感器小管4的入口。压力传感器1跟公知的一样是用于测量在内燃机的一个进气管5内流动的介质、特别是被内燃机的吸入的空气的内部压力。借助于进气管的内部压力和内燃机的发动机转速，就可以测定内燃机吸入的空气量。介质在进气管5内的流动方向在图中以箭头30标示，从左流到右。
传感器单元3含有一块由硅制成的传感器基片，在此基片上蚀刻有一个压力膜。压力的改变导致压力膜延伸，此延伸通过电阻变化予以测定(压阻效应)。计值电路连同补偿装置(Abgleich)结合在传感器基片上。待测定的压力通过传感器小管4和一个设在传感器单元内部的玻璃基座(Glassockel)导向压力膜的跟一个基准真空相连的背侧，以便能够测量绝对压力。计值电路的输出信号通过印刷电路板12和一个装在印刷电路板12上的带弯折的金属销14导向一个设置在壳体构件8上的插接部15。该插接部15用于可插接地容纳一个插接件，以便通过该插接件把压力测量装置及传感器基片的计值电路的电信号输送到一个电子控制仪器上。
传感器单元3的传感器小管4朝向设置在压力管接头7内的贯通孔17开口，该贯通孔17从传感器小管4一直伸展到压力管接头7的朝向流动介质敞开的端头18，从而形成一个从传感器单元3通过传感器小管4和压力管接头7到达流动介质的连接。设有一个例如设计成O形环形式的密封环23将传感器小管4密封在压力管接头7内。压力管接头7安放在壳体构件8的侧壁20上，并例如借助于引入槽21内的粘合剂22将压力管接头7固定在槽21内。壳体构件8在侧面具有一个带有一个开孔25的成形部24，在该开孔25内可插入一个螺钉26以便拧入例如设在进气管5上的内螺纹27内以将压力传感器1牢固地固定到进气管5上。在装配时压力传感器1以其接管形状的压力管接头7插入进气管5的一个贯通孔16内，并带着一个连接构件19穿过进气管5的内壁29伸入进气管5内。一个例如设计成O形环形式的、在进气管5的内壁29与外壁33之间设置在压力管接头7上的密封装置28将大气跟流动介质隔绝开。
根据本发明，压力传感器1的接管形状的压力管接头7从进气管5的内壁29起比较深入地伸入流动介质内，使得压力管接头7的敞开端头18伸展大致达由纵轴线31标志的进气管5的中心或甚至越过进气管5的中心。设计成具有比较长的伸展部份的压力管接头7防止了压力管接头7、特别是在压力管接头7的贯通孔17的内表面34上以及传感器小管4上在低的温度下可能出现的积冰，因而就可以始终保持贯通孔17畅通无阻以及保持进气管5到传感器单元3的连通。
如图所示，压力管接头7也可以具有较短的延长部，例如可以采用带有较短的压力管接头7的商业通用压力传感器，并借助于一个例如可套装在压力管接头7上的连接构件19以及一个至少部份地包住压力管接头7的软管35来伸长，使得贯通孔17通过带有一个敞开软管端头36的软管35的内孔32同样地也伸展大致到达进气管5的中心或越过进气管5的中心。软管35的内孔32的开口横截面在例如压力管接头7的端头18处通过一个锥形收缩部份过渡成一个例如比贯通孔17略大的开口横截面。软管35的内孔32的开口横截面选择成小到使得内孔32不致被阻塞或被污物堵塞住但仍然存在足够的扩散阻碍(Diffusionsbehinderung)。
软管36由耐燃料塑料、例如由氟橡胶制成。软管35设计成可弯曲的，并可以如图中虚线所示那样由流动介质使之或多或少地沿介质的流动方向30弯曲。此外，在内燃机运作中进行的软管35的弯曲运动使可能在软管35中积聚并可结冰的介质的液体组份能够被抖搂下来并被介质送走，从而进一步减小压力传感器1积冰的危险。另外，设计成可弯曲的结构的软管35还可以使在进气管5中出现的共振仅是极其微弱地传到传感器单元3的压力测量装置上，从而使压力传感器能够准确地测出压力。

Claims (6)

1.一种用于带有一个进气管的内燃机的压力传感器，带有一个用于在进气管内流动的介质的压力管接头，其特征在于，压力传感器(1)的压力管接头(7)伸展到达进气管(5)的中心或越过进气管(5)的中心。
2.按权利要求1所述的压力传感器，其特征在于，压力传感器(1)的压力管接头(7)至少部分地由一个软管(35)构成，该软管伸展到达进气管(5)的中心或越过进气管(5)的中心。
3.按权利要求2所述的压力传感器，其特征在于，该软管(35)套装在压力管接头(7)上。
4.按权利要求2所述的压力传感器，其特征在于，该软管(35)设计成可弯曲的结构。
5.按权利要求4所述的压力传感器，其特征在于，该软管(35)由塑料制成。
6.按权利要求4所述的压力传感器，其特征在于，该软管(35)由氟橡胶制成。
CN96106229A 1995-05-13 1996-05-13 用于带有进气管的内燃机的压力传感器 Expired - Fee Related CN1090321C (zh)

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DE19517676A DE19517676B4 (de) 1995-05-13 1995-05-13 Drucksensor für eine Brennkraftmaschine mit einem Ansaugrohr
DE19517676.6 1995-05-13

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US5563340A (en) * 1995-03-28 1996-10-08 Ford Motor Company Mass air flow sensor housing

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DE19517676A1 (de) 1996-11-14
JP3764519B2 (ja) 2006-04-12
CN1142606A (zh) 1997-02-12
FR2734052B1 (fr) 1998-06-26
FR2734052A1 (fr) 1996-11-15
KR960042029A (ko) 1996-12-19
KR100420889B1 (ko) 2004-05-20
DE19517676B4 (de) 2008-01-31
US6363779B1 (en) 2002-04-02
JPH08304208A (ja) 1996-11-22

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