CN104483382A - Longitudinal-mode magnetostrictive array sensor - Google Patents
Longitudinal-mode magnetostrictive array sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN104483382A CN104483382A CN201410669590.7A CN201410669590A CN104483382A CN 104483382 A CN104483382 A CN 104483382A CN 201410669590 A CN201410669590 A CN 201410669590A CN 104483382 A CN104483382 A CN 104483382A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a longitudinal-mode magnetostrictive array sensor and belongs to the field of ultrasonic nondestructive testing. The invention provides a double-layer cluster-shaped meandered line coil which is applicable to pipeline arrangement and arrays and is integrated in a flexible circuit board, and designs and develops the longitudinal-mode magnetostrictive array sensor which realizes excitation of a longitudinal mode L (0, 2) in pipelines. The longitudinal-mode magnetostrictive array sensor disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the excitation for the mode L (0, 2) of the longitudinal-mode magnetostrictive array sensor on the pipelines is verified by tests, and the frequency response characteristic of the sensor is tested by tests; and by use of the sensor, the defect positions in alloy steel pipes can be quickly and effectively detected out, the positioning accuracy is high, and a foundation is laid for further utilizing the sensor and combining the phased-array principle to realize two-dimensional imaging of defects in the pipelines.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of longitudinal mode magnetostriction sensor array, belongs to field of ultrasonic nondestructive detection, can motivate longitudinal mode L (0,2) in the duct, realize the Non-Destructive Testing to pipeline.
Background technology
Supersonic guide-wave technology is a kind of emerging Non-Destructive Testing new technology, compare traditional detection method, it has that sensing range is large, efficiency is high, decay the advantage such as little, for structural surface defects and inherent vice all quite sensitivity, therefore supersonic guide-wave technology is widely used in Nondestructive Evaluation and the health monitoring of multiclass engineering structure.Wherein, use the guided wave method of axisymmetric In-plane modes and torsional wave mode can realize the quick of pipeline, efficient detection, due to rotational symmetry longitudinal wave guide L (0, 2) mode propagation speed is fast, therefore guided wave receiving trap can be arrived faster than the guided wave of other mode, therefore be easier to distinguish with other mode in time domain, and L (0, 2) acoplanarity displacement of mode guided wave in communication process is relatively little, energy leakage phenomenon in communication process also correspondingly reduces, propagation distance is relatively long, therefore longer distance can be detected, make L (0, 2) mode guided wave detects pipe long-distance and has some superiority.
At present, the conventional main two kinds of modes of excitation supersonic guide-wave, a kind of mode is the piezoelectric sensor based on material piezoelectric effect.Piezoelectric sensor is when encouraging reception ultrasound wave, and contacted with measured piece by couplant, and often need to carry out pre-service to surface of test piece, therefore detection efficiency is lower; And piezoelectric sensor frequency bandwidth relative narrower, easily motivate multiple guided wave modal, acquire a certain degree of difficulty on defect information is extracted.Another kind of mode is Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducer (the Electro-magnetic Acoustic Transducer based on electromagnetic coupled mechanism, EMAT), without the need to contact and couplant, can directly in conductor or ferrimagnet excitation receive ultrasound wave, have noncontact, without the need to couplant, not high, reproducible to measured piece surface requirements, be suitable for the advantage such as high temperature, high speed detection.
Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducer is generally main comprises magnet and coil two parts.By changing the version of magnet and coil, dissimilar Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducer can be designed.H.Ogi etc. utilize snakelike coil and the permanent magnet of unequal-interval, devise a kind of line focus SV ripple Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducer.S.H.Cho and K.H.Sun etc. have designed and produced the adjustable magneto strictive sensor in a kind of direction, for non-ferromagnetic metal and nonmetallic detection.H.Kwun and C.M.Teller has carried out encouraging and detecting hyperacoustic experiment in steel pole, by changing the structure of sensor and the distribution in bigoted magnetic field, under the effect of magnetostrictive effect and back wash effect thereof, has motivated supersonic guide-wave.K.H.Sun and C.Dynes etc. have studied the problem utilizing the magneto strictive sensor of longitudinal mode to detect defect in pipeline and describe, the dissimilar defect (cutting and corrosion) of different detection architecture is detected, for the realization of defect description and health state evaluation provides experiment basis.At home, the magneto strictive sensor of the design such as Feng Hongliang successfully goes out the guided wave of longitudinal mode and torsion mode at carbon steel style internal motivation.Wang Yuemin etc. analyze the excitation mechanism of longitudinal mode guided wave, successfully in pipe, motivate longitudinal mode supersonic guide-wave.
At present, domestic guided wave theory research on make some progress, but the component that great majority are detected in business application is irregular, and defect is unknown, require that sensor is easy to install, detect and dismounting, therefore, the existing magneto strictive sensor of optimal design or development of new magneto strictive sensor.At present, pipe ultrasonic guided wave dedicated probe is all produced by foreign vendor, is domesticly also in development, and distance engineering maturation also has some problem values to further investigate and to inquire into.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to design a kind of longitudinal mode magnetostriction sensor array, based on the magnetostrictive effect of ferrimagnet nickel strap, the magnetostriction of nickel strap distortion is mechanically coupled into by bonding way and needs testing pipes, thus effectively motivate L (0,2) mode supersonic guide-wave, realizes the detection of defect in pipeline.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of longitudinal mode magnetostriction sensor array, comprises nd-fe-b magnet 1, double-deck tufted inflection coil 2, nickel strap 3; Described double-deck tufted inflection coil 2 is arranged in flexible PCB, nickel strap 3 is bonding or be fixed on detection testing pipes outside surface one week, 4 flexible PCBs being provided with double-deck tufted inflection coil 2 are placed on nickel strap 3, one week is evenly arranged along testing pipes hoop, and place 4 pieces of nd-fe-b magnets 1 respectively with nickel strap 3 close contact nickel strap 3 two ends, the normal direction of described nd-fe-b magnet 1 side is along pipe lengths, nd-fe-b magnet 1 side at nickel strap (3) two ends is relative between two, and opposite flank polarity is contrary;
Nd-fe-b magnet 1 side cross-section pattern is fan-shaped, along two sides polarization, and is circumferentially evenly arranged the circumference of pipeline external surface.
Double-deck tufted inflection coil 2 is comprised in described flexible PCB, adopt array inflection wire laying mode, wire is made to be a bunch type distribution, two-layer wiring at the end, half wavelength lambda/2 that the magnetostriction sensor array theoretical center frequency that adjacent two snag turn separation D equal to design is corresponding;
Nickel strap 3 length is pipeline external surface girth, and width is the width that the longitudinal mode magnetostriction sensor array coil of development covers, and the edge polishing of nickel strap 3 is thinning.
Described nickel strap 3 can substitute the strip for the higher material of other magnetostriction coefficients
The present invention can obtain following beneficial effect:
1, double-deck tufted inflection coil 2 is comprised in flexible PCB, the L (0 that the magnetostriction sensor array theoretical center frequency that adjacent two snag turn separation D equal to design is corresponding, 2) half wavelength lambda/2 of mode, by changing adjacent two snag turn separation D, the longitudinal mode magnetostriction sensor array of different center frequency can be designed;
2, the double-deck tufted inflection coil 2 in flexible printed board, adopt array inflection wire laying mode, make wire be a bunch type distribution, compare traditional inflection loop construction, the moving field intensity that double-deck tufted inflection coil 2 produces is enhanced, thus substantially increases signal energy and signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio);
3, nd-fe-b magnet 1 pattern is fan-shaped, can better fit with tube wall; Magnet polarizes along fan-shaped axis of symmetry both sides, can provide the axial static magnetic field be evenly distributed along tube wall.
4, adopt other modes such as stickup that ferrimagnet nickel strap 3 is fixed on pipe surface, based on magnetostrictive effect, L (0,2) mode guided wave can be motivated in the pipeline of different materials attribute;
5, the edge polishing of nickel strap 3 is thinning, makes nickel strap 3 and tube contacts border have a transitional region, can reduce the possibility of guided wave at the inner roundtrip of nickel strap, reduce the conditions of streaking that magnetostriction type sensor is common.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Sketch installed by Fig. 1 longitudinal mode magnetostriction sensor array;
Fig. 2 nd-fe-b magnet schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 double-deck tufted inflection coil schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 nickel strap schematic diagram;
Fig. 5
(unit: mm) alloy pipe phase velocities dispersion curve;
Fig. 6
(unit: mm) alloy pipe group velocity dispersion curve;
Fig. 7 magnetostriction sensor array testing pipes defect test system schematic;
The frequency response characteristic of Fig. 8 magnetostriction sensor array;
Axial channel-shaped defect (12mm × 2mm × 4mm) pipeline of Fig. 9 magnetostriction sensor array detection zone, excitation frequency is Received signal strength oscillogram when 270kHz.
In figure: 1, nd-fe-b magnet, 2, double-deck tufted inflection coil, 3, nickel strap, 4, high-energy ultrasonic excitation receiving trap RAM-5000,5, computing machine, 6, digital oscilloscope, 7, terminal impedance matching module is encouraged, 8, receiving-end impedance matching module, 9, pre-amplifying module, 10, longitudinal mode magnetostriction sensor array as stimulus sensor, 11, longitudinal mode magnetostriction sensor array is as receiving sensor, 12, alloy pipe, 13, be positioned at the defect of channel-shaped vertically of alloy pipe outside surface.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described, and following examples are descriptive is not determinate, can not limit protection scope of the present invention with this.
As Fig. 1, for sketch installed by longitudinal mode magnetostriction sensor array of the present invention; Comprise nd-fe-b magnet 1, double-deck tufted inflection coil 2, nickel strap 3.Detected object is alloy pipe, and specification is
(unit: mm), material is the alloy pipe of 12Cr1MoV, and density is 7.85g/cm
3, Poisson ratio is 0.27.Under giving above-mentioned parameter in Fig. 5, Fig. 6, the dispersion curve of longitudinal mode in alloy pipe 12.Use epoxide-resin glue by nickel strap 3 bonding alloy steel pipe 12 outside surface one week, 8 nd-fe-b magnets 1 are placed in nickel strap 3 both sides respectively, on the contrary, and hoop is evenly arranged alloy pipe 12 outside surface one week to opposite flank polarity.
As shown in Figure 2, pattern is fan-shaped to described nd-fe-b magnet 1, along the polarization of fan-shaped axis of symmetry both sides; Fan-shaped inner arc radius r
iidentically with detection alloy pipe 12 external radius be 21mm, fan-shaped subtended angle θ is 70 °, is 10mm along fan-shaped radical length h, and the thickness d of nd-fe-b magnet 1 is 5mm.As shown in Figure 1,8 blocks of magnet are respectively as nickel strap 3 both sides, and opposite flank polarity is contrary, and hoop is evenly arranged alloy pipe 12 outside surface one week, produce axial distribution static magnetic field at its near surface for nd-fe-b magnet 1 position distribution.
Described double-deck tufted inflection coil 2 as shown in Figure 3, adopts array inflection wire laying mode, and make wire be into tufted and arrange, adopt two-layer wiring at the end, the effective dimensions of coil is 35 × 32mm.Live width 0.2mm, distance between centers of tracks 0.3mm, loop length 35mm, width is 32mm, the L (0 that the horizontal shear mode magnetostriction sensor array theoretical center frequency that adjacent two snag circle center distance D equal to design is corresponding, 2) half wavelength lambda/2 of mode, the adjacent two snag circle center distance D=10mm of this sensor, the theoretical center frequency of corresponding longitudinal mode magnetostriction sensor array is 267kHz.
Described nickel strap 3 as shown in Figure 4, along the bonding circle of detected object alloy pipe 12, length is alloy pipe 12 outside surface girth l=π × 42 ≈ 132mm, width is the width 35mm that the longitudinal mode magnetostriction sensor array coil of development covers, thickness is 0.1mm, and it is thinning that the edge of nickel strap is carried out polishing.
Magnetostriction sensor array after utilizing parameter to determine, provides a kind of method using L (0,2) longitudinal mode testing pipes defect:
Fig. 7 is defect test system schematic in longitudinal mode magnetostriction sensor array test tube road, comprises high-energy ultrasonic excitation receiving trap RAM-50004, computing machine 5, digital oscilloscope 6, excitation terminal impedance matching module 7, receives impedance matching module 8, pre-amplifying module 9, longitudinal mode magnetostriction sensor array as stimulus sensor 10, longitudinal mode magnetostriction sensor array as receiving sensor 11, alloy pipe 12.Computing machine 5 is used for the operation of control RAM-50004, produces high-energy ultrasonic signal; RAM-50004 output digit signals is to digital oscilloscope 6, and digital oscilloscope 6, for the observation of signal and storage, simultaneously at receiving-end impedance matching module 8 output terminal configuration pre-amplifying module 9, realizes the amplification of sensor Received signal strength; In order to make cell winding obtain ceiling capacity from excitation power supply, strengthening sensor conversion efficiency, before stimulus sensor 10 and receiving sensor 11, with the addition of excitation terminal impedance matching module 7 and receiving-end impedance matching module 8.Pre-amplifying module 9 is connected with output terminal with the input end of RAM-50004 respectively with excitation terminal impedance matching module 7; Stimulus sensor 10 and receiving sensor 11 are all longitudinal mode magnetostriction sensor array, stimulus sensor 10 is placed in distance detected object alloy pipe 12 left end 500mm, receiving sensor 11 is positioned on the right side of stimulus sensor 10, both are at a distance of 800mm, the axial channel-shaped defect 13 of manual simulation is positioned at distance pipeline left end 300mm place, length is 12mm, and width is 2mm, and the degree of depth is 4mm;
RAM-50004 is utilized to produce high energy signals excitation longitudinal mode magnetostriction sensor array 10, longitudinal mode L (0 is motivated in the defective alloy pipe 12 of band, 2), according to the distance of wave traveling, can predict that longitudinal mode magnetostriction sensor array 11 receives stimulus sensor direct wave successively, defect reflection echo, the reflection echo of left side, the reflection echo of right side.
First according to above-mentioned parameter determined longitudinal mode magnetostriction sensor array structure, the longitudinal mode magnetostriction sensor array of verification experimental verification development effectively can produce longitudinal mode L (0,2).Pumping signal is 5 cycle Sine wave through Hanning window modulation, and Fig. 9 is excitation frequency Received signal strength waveform when 270kHz, can differentiate 5 echo ripple bags, and ripple bag 14 is for producing crosstalk signal during sensor excitation, almost consistent with the time of pumping signal; The direct-path signal that ripple bag 15 receives for receiving sensor; Excitation and receiving sensor, at a distance of 800mm, utilize time flight method (Time of Flight, ToF), calculate actual propagation speed or the group velocity v of ripple bag 15
g=2d/t=4997.0m/s.From the dispersion curve Fig. 6 using commercial Disperse software to obtain group velocity, the theoretical group velocity 5061.0m/s at L (0,2) mode 270kHz Frequency point place in alloy pipe 12, obtains actual propagation speed v with by experiment calculation
gcompare, relative error is 1.2%, can determine that the longitudinal mode magnetostriction sensor array designed can motivate longitudinal mode L (0,2).
Then, according to above-mentioned parameter determined longitudinal mode magnetostriction sensor array structure, the longitudinal mode magnetostriction sensor array centre frequency of verification experimental verification development.Pumping signal is still 5 cycle Sine wave through Hanning window modulation, excitation frequency is increased to 340kHz with step-length 10kHz from 200kHz, extract the peak value of each frequency direct wave, draw the frequency response characteristic of longitudinal mode magnetostriction sensor array as shown in Figure 8, test figure represents with circle respectively, pass through curve, can find out that the practical center frequency of longitudinal mode magnetostriction sensor array is 273kHz, with above-mentioned parameter determined longitudinal mode magnetostriction sensor array theoretical center frequency f
cfor 267kHz is substantially identical, difference 0.3%.
Finally, according to above-mentioned parameter determined longitudinal mode magnetostriction sensor array structure, the longitudinal mode magnetostriction sensor array of verification experimental verification development can effectively detect the defect existed in alloy pipe.By analysis chart 9 be excitation frequency when 270kHz Received signal strength medium wave bag 16, ripple bag 17 and Bo Bao 18, the actual propagation speed v of longitudinal mode L (0,2) in the alloy pipe 12 utilizing ripple bag 15 to calculate
g(4997.0m/s) distance, carrying out the propagation of anti-push wave bag 16, ripple bag 17 and Bo Bao 18 is respectively 1183.7m, 1823.0mm and 2124.7mm.Return wave propagation distance 1200mm with actual defects, left side echo 1800mm returns wave propagation distance 2140mm with right side and compares, relative error is respectively 1.3%, 1.2% and 0.7%, can determine that ripple bag 16 is for flaw echo, ripple bag 17 is the reflection echo of left side, and ripple bag 18 is right side reflection echo.
The higher longitudinal mode L (0 of signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) effectively can be motivated by verification experimental verification longitudinal mode of the present invention magnetostriction sensor array, 2), can fast and effeciently in alloy steel pipe defect detect, and positioning precision is higher, for utilizing this sensor further and in conjunction with phased array principle, realizing defect in pipeline two-dimensional imaging and lay a good foundation.
Claims (5)
1. a longitudinal mode magnetostriction sensor array, comprises nd-fe-b magnet (1), double-deck tufted inflection coil (2), nickel strap (3), described double-deck tufted inflection coil (2) is arranged in flexible PCB, nickel strap (3) is bonding or be fixed on detection testing pipes outside surface one week, 4 flexible PCBs being provided with double-deck tufted inflection coil (2) are placed on nickel strap (3), one week is evenly arranged along testing pipes hoop, and place 4 pieces of nd-fe-b magnets (1) respectively with nickel strap (3) close contact nickel strap (3) two ends, the normal direction of described nd-fe-b magnet (1) side is along pipe lengths, nd-fe-b magnet (1) side at nickel strap (3) two ends is relative between two, and opposite flank polarity is contrary.
2. longitudinal mode magnetostriction sensor array as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the side cross-section pattern of nd-fe-b magnet (1) is fan-shaped, along two sides polarization, and is circumferentially evenly arranged the circumference of pipeline external surface.
3. longitudinal mode magnetostriction sensor array as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described flexible PCB, comprise double-deck tufted inflection coil (2), adopt array inflection wire laying mode, wire is made to be a bunch type distribution, two-layer wiring at the end, half wavelength lambda/2 that the magnetostriction sensor array theoretical center frequency that adjacent two snag turn separation D equal to design is corresponding.
4. longitudinal mode magnetostriction sensor array as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: nickel strap (3) length is pipeline external surface girth, width is the width that the longitudinal mode magnetostriction sensor array coil of development covers, and the edge polishing of nickel strap (3) is thinning.
5. longitudinal mode magnetostriction sensor array as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described nickel strap (3) can substitute for magnetostriction coefficient is greater than 3 × 10
-7the strip of material.
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| CN107525851A (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2017-12-29 | 北京工业大学 | Dismountable longitudinal mode guided wave magneto strictive sensor based on operation walking stick |
| CN107607623A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2018-01-19 | 北京中盈盘古智能技术有限公司 | Squirrel-cage magnetostriction longitudinal mode Guided waves sensor |
| CN108508085A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-09-07 | 清华大学 | A kind of torsion mode magneto strictive sensor, pipe detection system and method |
| CN108562642A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-09-21 | 清华大学 | Electromagnet transduction device, the pipe detection system and method for longitudinal mode supersonic guide-wave |
| CN110414122A (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2019-11-05 | 湖北工业大学 | A kind of design method of oblique ray focusing SV curve face complications coil |
| CN111537617A (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2020-08-14 | 广西电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | GIS shell defect detection method based on magnetostrictive torsional guided waves |
| CN113176342A (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2021-07-27 | 西安交通大学 | Interpolation type electromagnetic ultrasonic spiral guided wave transducer and working method thereof |
| CN113777170A (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2021-12-10 | 福州大学 | Magnetostrictive patch type sensor capable of efficiently exciting longitudinal ultrasonic guided wave mode and realizing longitudinal pasting magnetization and working method thereof |
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| CN107525851A (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2017-12-29 | 北京工业大学 | Dismountable longitudinal mode guided wave magneto strictive sensor based on operation walking stick |
| CN107607623A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2018-01-19 | 北京中盈盘古智能技术有限公司 | Squirrel-cage magnetostriction longitudinal mode Guided waves sensor |
| CN107607623B (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2020-11-24 | 北京中盈盘古智能技术有限公司 | Squirrel-cage magnetostrictive longitudinal mode guided wave detection sensor |
| CN108562642A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-09-21 | 清华大学 | Electromagnet transduction device, the pipe detection system and method for longitudinal mode supersonic guide-wave |
| CN108562642B (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2020-07-24 | 清华大学 | Electromagnetic transduction device of longitudinal mode ultrasonic guided wave, pipeline detection system and method |
| CN108508085A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-09-07 | 清华大学 | A kind of torsion mode magneto strictive sensor, pipe detection system and method |
| CN110414122A (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2019-11-05 | 湖北工业大学 | A kind of design method of oblique ray focusing SV curve face complications coil |
| CN110414122B (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2020-04-28 | 湖北工业大学 | Design method of curved surface zigzag coil of oblique incidence line focusing SV wave |
| CN111537617A (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2020-08-14 | 广西电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | GIS shell defect detection method based on magnetostrictive torsional guided waves |
| CN113176342A (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2021-07-27 | 西安交通大学 | Interpolation type electromagnetic ultrasonic spiral guided wave transducer and working method thereof |
| CN113176342B (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2024-01-12 | 西安交通大学 | Internally-inserted electromagnetic ultrasonic spiral guided wave transducer and working method thereof |
| CN113777170A (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2021-12-10 | 福州大学 | Magnetostrictive patch type sensor capable of efficiently exciting longitudinal ultrasonic guided wave mode and realizing longitudinal pasting magnetization and working method thereof |
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