CN104373820B - The method for reducing line leakage rate of false alarm - Google Patents
The method for reducing line leakage rate of false alarm Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method for reducing line leakage rate of false alarm.The method is comprised the following steps：Initial station acoustic signals and terminal acoustic signals pipeline inside are monitored respectively in real time, continuously by being arranged on the second sound wave monitor of the first sound wave monitoring instrument and pipeline terminal of pipeline initial station；When monitoring first and last station while when there is abnormal signal, calculating the abnormal signal peak value in the abnormal signal peak value and terminal acoustic signals in the acoustic signals of initial station respectively；The peakedness ratio between initial station abnormal signal peak value and terminal abnormal signal peak value is judged whether in preset range, if so, then first and last station abnormal signal is homologous signal, sends leakage alarm；If it is not, then first and last station abnormal signal is non-homogeneous signal, leakage alarm is not sent.Which can prevent system from sending false alarm when it is not homologous signal to judge, can effectively reduce the rate of false alarm of existing line leakage, improve the reliability of leakage monitoring, and the method has preferable robustness.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to line leakage field, more particularly to a kind of method for reducing line leakage rate of false alarm.
Background technology
In the pipelines such as oil gas, hazardous chemical, pipe laying distance, complex circuit often occur due to corrosion
The pipe leakage that aging, engineering construction, artificial destruction etc. are caused, causes combustibles leakage blast, environmental pollution, casualties etc.
Heavy losses.
At present, have for the primary metering method of line leakage：Sonic method, Fiber Optic Sensor, negative pressure wave method etc..Wherein base
It is relatively low in the line leakage method cost of sound wave, easily realize, with higher leakage monitoring sensitivity and positioning precision,
Many concern is received in recent years.Sonic method using sensor type include：Sonic sensor, acceleration transducer, pickup
Device and piezoelectric pressure indicator etc..But, no matter select which kind of sensor implements line leakage, due to sonic sensor
Sensitivity is higher inevitably to cause false alarm, if especially when upstream and downstream monitoring station monitors different interference respectively
During signal, then wrong report is unavoidably caused.
Therefore, a kind of reliable abnormal signal homology recognition methods according to acoustic signals propagation attenuation model is explored,
The reliability of reduction rate of false alarm, raising leakage monitoring system is of great importance.
The content of the invention
Based on this, the method to realize a kind of reduction line leakage rate of false alarm that the object of the invention is provided, including with
Lower step：
By be arranged on pipeline initial station the first sound wave monitoring instrument and pipeline terminal the second sound wave monitor respectively in real time,
Initial station acoustic signals and terminal acoustic signals inside pipeline are monitored continuously；
When monitor initial station and terminal while when there is abnormal signal, the initial station for being calculated in the acoustic signals of initial station respectively is different
Terminal abnormal signal peak value in regular signal peak value and terminal acoustic signals；
Judge the peakedness ratio between the initial station abnormal signal peak value and terminal abnormal signal peak value whether in preset range
Interior, if so, then there is leakage in the pipeline；If it is not, then there is no leakage in the pipeline.
It is as a kind of embodiment of the method for reducing line leakage rate of false alarm, described first by being arranged on pipeline
The the first sound wave monitoring instrument stood and the second sound wave monitor of pipeline terminal in real time, continuously monitor the initial station inside pipeline respectively
Acoustic signals and terminal acoustic signals, comprise the following steps：
With sampling period T sample respectively the first sound wave monitoring instrument and the second sound wave monitor output the head
Stand acoustic signals and the terminal acoustic signals two paths of signals, the two paths of signals for gathering is stamped the time respectively at whole moment minute
Label；
The continuous two minutes initial station acoustic signals and the terminal acoustic signals are extracted respectively, wherein previous minute signal
For historical data, one minute after signal is real time data, and the historical data and the real time data constitute that a frame is complete to be treated
The initial station acoustic signals and terminal acoustic signals of process；
Wherein, T is the positive number more than 0.
It is as a kind of embodiment of the method for reducing line leakage rate of false alarm, also different including the determination initial station
The step of preset range of the ratio between regular signal peak value and terminal abnormal signal peak value, the step specifically includes following step
Suddenly：
Obtain multigroup initial station acoustic signals and terminal acoustic signals and be filtered, denoising and remove average value processing, gone
Signal after making an uproar；
The coefficient correlation of initial station abnormal signal and terminal abnormal signal is obtained to the signal after denoising by correlation computations
Peak, is denoted as CorrPos, and according to formula：
Determine abnormal signal occur distance of the position far from initial station, wherein, l be abnormal signal occur position far from initial station away from
It is pipeline total length from, L, VdnWith VupAcoustic signals spread speed respectively from initial station to terminal and from terminal to initial station；
After the monitoring of Preset Time, initial station abnormal signal and homologous terminal exception that position location is initial station are obtained
Signal, and the initial station abnormal signal and homologous terminal abnormal signal that position location is terminal, and obtain the first predetermined number
Initial station normal signal and terminal normal signal；
Discrete Fourier transform is carried out to the signal after the denoising, the frequency spectrum of the signal after denoising is obtained；
The frequency spectrum of normal signal and abnormal signal is compared, the frequency spectrum of the abnormal signal is intercepted；
The frequency spectrum of the abnormal signal after to intercepting carries out Fourier inversion, obtains the time domain weight of the abnormal signal
Signal after structure；
The peak value and homologous terminal abnormal signal of initial station abnormal signal are determined according to the amplitude of the signal after time domain reconstruction
Peak value peakedness ratio；
According to sound wave along pipeline propagation attenuation formula：
Wherein, Peak0There is the initial magnitude of point acoustic signals for abnormal sound wave, Peak is the signal width after propagation attenuation
Value, l are that abnormal signal occurs distance of the position far from initial station, and L is pipeline total length, and α is Acoustic Wave Propagation attenuation coefficient, and initial station produces
Acoustic signals downstream propagation to terminal, and terminal produces acoustic signals adverse current when traveling to initial station, and which meets respectively：
PeakupFor the abnormal signal amplitude that initial station collects, PeakdnFor the homologous abnormal signal width that terminal is collected
Value, αsWith αnPropagation attenuation coefficient when respectively following current is propagated with adverse current；
Acoustic signals downstream propagation attenuation coefficient α is can be calculated furthersWith adverse current propagation attenuation factor alphanFor：
α is obtained according to peakedness ratio of the initial station abnormal signal with the homologous abnormal signal of terminalsAnd αnValue；
Sound is determined with reference to the peakedness ratio of the paired initial station abnormal signal and homologous terminal abnormal signal of the second predetermined number
Ripple signal downstream propagation attenuation coefficient αsWith adverse current propagation attenuation factor alphanScope be：
αsmin≤αs≤αsmax
αnmin≤αn≤αnmax；
For generation is believed extremely in the leakage acoustic signals away from initial station l distances, its initial station abnormal signal and homologous terminal
Number peakedness ratio r meet following relation：
Acoustic Wave Propagation attenuation coefficient is constituted into four groups of [αsmin,αnmin],[αsmin,αnmax],[αsmax,αnmin],[αsmax,
αnmax], four r values are obtained, and maximum is designated as into rmax, minimum of a value is designated as rmin, then initial station abnormal signal and homologous terminal
The span of the peakedness ratio of abnormal signal is：
As a kind of embodiment of the method for reducing line leakage rate of false alarm, the initial station abnormal signal is judged
Whether in preset range, if so, then leakage in the pipeline to peakedness ratio between peak value and terminal abnormal signal peak value there is；If
No, then there is no leakage in the pipeline, comprise the following steps：
Calculate the peakedness ratio between the initial station abnormal signal peak value and the terminal abnormal signal peak value；
According to formulaAnd αsWith αnValue calculate the preset range of the peakedness ratio；
Judge the peakedness ratio whether in the preset range for being calculated；
If so, then first and last station abnormal signal is homologous signal, sends leakage alarm；
If it is not, then first and last station abnormal signal is non-homogeneous signal, leakage alarm is not sent.
As it is a kind of reduce line leakage rate of false alarm method embodiment, it is described according to time domain reconstruction after
The amplitude of signal determines the peakedness ratio of the peak value of initial station abnormal signal and the peak value of terminal abnormal signal, comprises the following steps：
Positive and negative interval is divided according to the polarity of the amplitude, and obtains each interval peak value and be designated as Peak [i], positive area
Between take maximum, minimum of a value is taken between minus zone, wherein, 1≤i≤NPeak, NPeakFor the pending initial station acoustic signals that a frame is complete
Or the interval sum in terminal acoustic signals；
The average of positive peak and negative peak is calculated, meanVP and meanVN is designated as respectively, and will be more than in positive signal peak value
The peak value of meanVP calculates normalization peak value projecting degree index L according to equation belowP, and when positive peak is seasonal less than meanVP
LPFor 0,
Peak value of the amplitude in negative peak more than meanVN is calculated into normalization peak value projecting degree index according to equation below
LN, and when negative peak is more than meanVN season LNFor 0,
The signal that the normalization peak value projecting degree index is less than the signal spacing of predetermined threshold value is 0 clearly, determines institute
State peak value be located interval and generation moment LeakPos of the normalization peak value projecting degree index higher than predetermined threshold value；
When there are multiple abnormal signals, one abnormal signal of initial station is calculated successively with each abnormal signal of terminal
The difference of LeakPos：
DT=LeakPosup(i)-LeakPosdn(j)
When difference DT and the CorrPos closest to when, determine that this group of signal is respectively initial station abnormal signal and corresponding
Terminal abnormal signal, now interval sequence number be designated as Range respectivelyupWith Rangedn；
And then obtain the peak value Peak (Range of initial station abnormal signalup) and terminal abnormal signal peak value Peak
(Rangedn), and further obtain the peak value of the initial station abnormal signal and the peakedness ratio of the terminal abnormal signal.
As a kind of embodiment of the method for reducing line leakage rate of false alarm, using the first sound of pipeline initial station
When second sound wave monitor of ripple monitor and pipeline terminal monitors initial station acoustic signals and terminal acoustic signals inside pipeline,
Precision time service is carried out using global positioning system.
Beneficial effects of the present invention include：
A kind of method of reduction line leakage rate of false alarm that the present invention is provided, which is by setting up Acoustic Wave Propagation in pipeline
Whether attenuation model, judge the peakedness ratio of the abnormal signal that the sound wave monitoring instrument at first and last station is received in the preset range judging
Received abnormal signal is homologous signal on earth.And prevent system from sending mistake when it is not homologous signal to judge
Report to the police.Can effectively reduce the rate of false alarm of existing line leakage, improve the reliability of leakage monitoring, and the method with compared with
Good robustness.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of a specific embodiment of the method for reducing line leakage rate of false alarm of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of flow chart of the another specific embodiment of the method for reducing line leakage rate of false alarm of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is a kind of 1 first and last station of the sample letter of instantiation for reducing line leakage rate of false alarm method of the present invention
Number denoising and go average value processing result schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is a kind of 2 first and last station of the sample letter of instantiation for reducing line leakage rate of false alarm method of the present invention
Number denoising and go average value processing result schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is a kind of 1 first and last station of the sample letter of instantiation for reducing line leakage rate of false alarm method of the present invention
Number through frequency spectrum intercept after Fourier inversion result schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is a kind of 2 first and last station of the sample letter of instantiation for reducing line leakage rate of false alarm method of the present invention
Number through frequency spectrum intercept after Fourier inversion result schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
In order that the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention become more apparent, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing to the present invention's
The specific embodiment for reducing the method for line leakage rate of false alarm is illustrated.It should be appreciated that described herein concrete
Embodiment only to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
The method of the reduction line leakage rate of false alarm of one embodiment of the invention, as shown in figure 1, comprising the following steps：
S100, the second sound wave monitor difference of the first sound wave monitoring instrument and pipeline terminal by being arranged on pipeline initial station
In real time, the initial station acoustic signals and terminal acoustic signals inside pipeline are continuously monitored.
S200, when abnormal signal is monitored, determines the position location of abnormal signal by calculating signal coefficient correlation, point
Abnormal signal peak value in abnormal signal peak value and terminal acoustic signals in the acoustic signals of initial station is not calculated.
Herein it should be noted that sound wave monitoring instrument (including the first sound wave monitoring instrument and the second sound wave monitor) is to continue
Monitoring acoustic signals, typically when pipeline is not leaked, the signal for receiving is more gentle, does not significantly fluctuate.But,
If the pipeline monitored has leakage or stronger interference signal (such as adjust pump, adjust valve etc.), sound wave monitoring instrument is received
Signal have significantly fluctuation, then now say ripple monitor and monitored abnormal signal.And for the judgement of abnormal signal
Can realize with reference to prior art, no longer describe in detail one by one herein.
Whether S300, judge the peakedness ratio between the initial station abnormal signal peak value and terminal abnormal signal peak value default
In the range of, if so, then first and last station abnormal signal is homologous signal, sends leakage alarm；If it is not, then first and last station abnormal signal is non-
Homologous signal, does not send leakage alarm.
For the conveyance conduit that any one determines, when homologous abnormal signal occur, which is arranged on initial station and is arranged on
Peakedness ratio between the peak value of the abnormal signal that the sound wave monitoring instrument of terminal is monitored all be within the specific limits, therefore, can
By judging the peakedness ratio of abnormal signal that the sound wave monitoring instrument at first and last station is received whether in the preset range judging to be connect
The abnormal signal for receiving is homologous signal on earth.And prevent system from sending false alarm when it is not homologous signal to judge
It is alert.The rate of false alarm of existing line leakage can be effectively reduced, the reliability of leakage monitoring is improved.
Also, it should be noted that initial station herein refers to the dynamic initial position of conveyance conduit delivered inside logistics and herein
It is provided with monitoring point.Terminal is the dynamic final position of conveyance conduit delivered inside logistics and monitoring point is provided with herein.At first stop
With the length of the distance between terminal essentially transfer pipeline.Certainly also two can be selected on pipeline with reference to the method for the present invention
It is close to first and last station and the point at a distance of regular length is monitored.
Wherein in one embodiment, step S100, by the first sound wave monitoring instrument and pipeline that are arranged on pipeline initial station
Second sound wave monitor of terminal in real time, continuously monitors the initial station acoustic signals and terminal acoustic signals inside pipeline respectively,
Comprise the following steps：
S110, with sampling period T sample respectively the first sound wave monitoring instrument and the second sound wave monitor output
The initial station acoustic signals and the terminal acoustic signals two paths of signals, were beaten to the two paths of signals for gathering respectively at whole moment minute
Upper time tag.
Wherein, can be by with GPS (Global for the monitoring time of initial station and the sound wave monitoring instrument of terminal
Positioning System, global positioning system) carry out under precision time service, so as to can ensure that initial station acoustic signals and terminal sound
The synchronization of ripple signals collecting.Improve the precision of monitoring.
S120, if collection signal length per minute is N/2 points, extracts the continuous two minutes initial station acoustic signals respectively
With the terminal acoustic signals, wherein previous minute signal be historical data, one minute after signal be real time data, the history
Data and the real time data constitute the complete pending initial station acoustic signals of a frame and terminal acoustic signals.Wherein, T is big
In 0 positive number, N is positive integer.
Specifically, for the ratio between initial station abnormal signal peak value and terminal abnormal signal peak value preset range this
It is to be realized by building Acoustic Wave Propagation attenuation model in pipeline in bright.Its signal for collecting is carried out abnormal signal diagnosis with
Positioning, and acquisition wherein initial station saequential transmission is screened to the abnormal signal and the inverse abnormal signal for passing to initial station of terminal of terminal.Utilize
The abnormal signal of above-mentioned saequential transmission and inverse biography simultaneously chooses some normal signals, and denoising carries out discrete Fourier transform after going average, obtains
To the frequency spectrum of each signal, frequency spectrum of the abnormal signal with normal signal is contrasted, it is determined that being different from the abnormal letter of normal signal
Number frequency band range.The frequency spectrum of above-mentioned abnormal signal is carried out into frequency domain filtering by the frequency band range for determining, using Fourier inversion
Obtain the time domain reconstruction signal after frequency domain filtering.Signal after reconstruct is carried out into positive and negative interval division, in prominent signal location
It is interior to find peak value, calculate the ratio of first and last station peak value.Attenuation coefficient is calculated according to Acoustic Wave Propagation decay formula, respective tube is set up
Acoustic Wave Propagation attenuation model in road.
Specifically, S010, determines the pre- of ratio between the initial station abnormal signal peak value and terminal abnormal signal peak value
If the step of scope, comprises the following steps：
S011, obtains multigroup initial station acoustic signals and terminal acoustic signals and is filtered, denoising and removes average value processing, obtain
Signal to after denoising.
S012, obtains the phase relation of initial station abnormal signal and terminal abnormal signal to the signal after denoising by correlation computations
Several peaks, is denoted as CorrPos.According to formula：
Calculate abnormal signal and position occurs, wherein, L is pipeline total length, and Vdn and Vup is respectively from initial station to terminal
With the acoustic signals spread speed from terminal to initial station.Obtain initial station abnormal signal and homologous terminal that position location is initial station
Abnormal signal, and the initial station abnormal signal and homologous terminal abnormal signal that position location is terminal, and obtain certain amount
The initial station normal signal and terminal normal signal of (the first predetermined number).
Herein it should be noted that the Preset Time is according to the actual requirements determining, the present invention is it is determined that default
Multigroup initial station abnormal signal and homologous terminal abnormal signal are needed during scope.Therefore, Preset Time herein can root
It is determined according to the complexity of the precision associative operation for actually wanting to reach.Equally, normal signal has been mainly reference role, its
Particular number is chosen also dependent on actual conditions.
S013, carries out discrete Fourier transform to the signal after the denoising, obtains the frequency spectrum of the signal after denoising.Through
Frequency spectrum X (k) of signal is obtained after discrete Fourier transform：
X (k)=DFT [x (n)] 0≤k≤N-1 (2)
In formula, x (n) is time-domain signal, and N counts for discrete Fourier transform, also always counts for signal.
S014, compares the frequency spectrum of normal signal and abnormal signal, intercepts the frequency spectrum of the abnormal signal.Specially：Draw
Abnormal signal and the spectrogram of normal signal, observe each abnormal signal of statistics and the frequency band range belonging to normal signal, will be abnormal
Starting of the one section of narrower frequency band for being different from normal signal in frequency spectrum that signal is located with terminate sequence number be designated as respectively fst with
The frequency spectrum of the frequency band is retained remaining and does clearing process by fend.Such that it is able to obtain corresponding to accurate abnormal signal compared with
Narrow frequency band.Wherein adjust after frequency spectrum be：
Described normal signal includes initial station normal signal and terminal normal signal herein, and abnormal signal includes that initial station is abnormal
Signal and terminal abnormal signal.
S015, carries out Fourier inversion to the frequency spectrum of the abnormal signal after the intercepting, obtains the abnormal signal
Signal after time domain reconstruction.
S016, determines the peak value and terminal abnormal signal of initial station abnormal signal according to the amplitude of the signal after time domain reconstruction
The peakedness ratio of peak value.
S017, according to sound wave along pipeline propagation attenuation formula：
Wherein, Peak0There is the initial magnitude of point acoustic signals for leakage, Peak is the signal amplitude after propagation attenuation, l
There is distance of the position far from initial station for signal, L is pipeline total length, and α is Acoustic Wave Propagation attenuation coefficient.Obtain the sound that initial station produces
Ripple signal downstream propagation is to terminal, or terminal produces acoustic signals adverse current when traveling to initial station, and which meets respectively：
In formula, the propagation distance of acoustic signals is L, PeakupFor the abnormal signal amplitude that initial station collects, PeakdnFor
Terminal collects homologous abnormal signal amplitude, αsWith αnPropagation attenuation coefficient when respectively following current is propagated with adverse current.
S018, further can be calculated acoustic signals downstream propagation attenuation coefficient αsWith adverse current propagation attenuation factor alphanFor：
S019, is obtained with the peakedness ratio of homologous terminal abnormal signal according to the initial station abnormal signal that step S016 is determined
αsAnd αnOccurrence.
S020, it is true with reference to the peakedness ratio of the paired initial station abnormal signal and homologous terminal abnormal signal of the second predetermined number
Determine acoustic signals downstream propagation attenuation coefficient αsWith adverse current propagation attenuation factor alphanScope be：
Used as a kind of embodiment, second predetermined number can choose 10 or 12.Certainly, according to available accuracy
Require, it is also possible to select more quantity.
After determining the attenuation coefficient of following current and adverse current, next step, S021, for generation is away from initial station are continued executing with
The peakedness ratio r of the leakage acoustic signals of l distances, its initial station abnormal signal and homologous terminal abnormal signal meets following relation：
Acoustic Wave Propagation attenuation coefficient is constituted into four groups of [αsmin,αnmin],[αsmin,αnmax],[αsmax,αnmin],[αsmax,
αnmax], four r values are obtained, and maximum is designated as into rmax, minimum of a value is designated as rmin, then initial station abnormal signal and terminal are believed extremely
Number the span of peakedness ratio be：
The final ratio determined between initial station abnormal signal peak value and terminal abnormal signal peak value is in rminAnd rmaxBetween, on
Acoustic signals propagation attenuation model in the pipeline that formula also as builds.
As described above understand, it is determined that the initial station abnormal signal peak value and the terminal determine the abnormal signal peak
When whether the ratio of value is in preset range, in addition it is also necessary to determined according to the generation position of the abnormal signal of the hypothesis for primarily determining that pre-
If the occurrence of scope.Accordingly, step S300, judges between the initial station abnormal signal peak value and terminal abnormal signal peak value
Peakedness ratio whether in preset range, if so, then first and last station abnormal signal be homologous signal, send leakage alarm；If it is not, then
First and last station abnormal signal is non-homogeneous signal, does not send leakage alarm, comprises the following steps：
S310, calculates the peakedness ratio between initial station abnormal signal peak value and terminal abnormal signal peak value.
S320, according to formula (10) and l, αsWith αnValue calculate the preset range of the peakedness ratio.
Whether S330, judge the peakedness ratio in the preset range for being calculated；If so, then first and last station is believed extremely
Number be homologous signal, send leakage alarm；If it is not, then first and last station abnormal signal is non-homogeneous signal, leakage alarm is not sent.
Specifically, step S310, calculate peakedness ratio between initial station abnormal signal peak value and terminal abnormal signal peak value with
Step S016, determines the peak value of initial station abnormal signal and the peak value of terminal abnormal signal according to the amplitude of the signal after time domain reconstruction
Peakedness ratio, method is identical, comprises the following steps：
S311, divides positive and negative interval according to the polarity of the amplitude, and obtains each interval peak value and be designated as Peak
[i], positive interval take maximum, and minimum of a value is taken between minus zone, wherein, 1≤i≤NPeak, NPeakFor the pending initial station that a frame is complete
Interval sum in acoustic signals or terminal acoustic signals；
S312, calculates the average of positive peak and negative peak, is designated as meanVP and meanVN respectively, and by positive signal peak value
Peak value more than meanVP calculates normalization peak value projecting degree index L according to equation belowP, when positive peak is less than meanVP
Seasonal LP is 0,
Peak value of the amplitude in negative peak more than meanVN is calculated into normalization peak value projecting degree index according to equation below
LN, when negative peak is 0 more than meanVN seasons LN,
The signal that the normalization peak value projecting degree index is less than the signal spacing of predetermined threshold value is 0 clearly, determines institute
Peak value be located interval of the normalization peak value projecting degree index higher than predetermined threshold value is stated, and determines that its signal occurs the moment
LeakPos。
Herein it should be noted that signal is more prominent when peak value projecting degree index is closer to 1 or -1；When prominent journey
Represent that signal is not projected when degree index is close to 0.Prominent signal peak is determined according to peak value projecting degree index and predetermined threshold value
It is located interval and determines that prominent signal occurs the moment.Signal in each interval is calculated according to formula d [i]=x [i]-x [i+w]
Difference, the step-length of difference is w, and x is the time-domain signal after denoising.The maximizing position in the signal differential d of prominent signal
The generation moment LeakPos of current interval signal is designated as, the initial station abnormal signal generation moment is designated as LeakPosupI (), terminal are different
The regular signal generation moment is designated as LeakPosdnJ (), i, j are positive integer, and both less than equal to the interval sum of affiliated signal.First and last
All projecting degree indexs of standing in signal are less than being all clearly 0 in the signal spacing of predetermined threshold value.
S313, when there are multiple abnormal signals, calculates one abnormal signal of initial station successively with each abnormal signal of terminal
The difference of LeakPos：
DT=LeakPosup(i)-LeakPosdn(j) (14)
When the CorrPos in difference DT with aforementioned S012 closest to when, determine this group of signal be respectively initial station abnormal signal
With corresponding terminal abnormal signal；
S314, obtains the peak value Peak (Range of initial station abnormal signalup) and terminal abnormal signal peak value Peak
(Rangedn), and further obtain the peak value of the initial station abnormal signal and the peakedness ratio of the terminal abnormal signal.
Herein it should be noted that determine initial station abnormal signal peak value and terminal abnormal signal peakedness ratio preset range it
Just the actual homology to abnormal signal is monitored afterwards.In monitoring process, as shown in Fig. 2 after monitoring abnormal signal,
It is apart from l, correlation away from initial station to want execution step S011～S015 to be processed to signal and calculated abnormal signal position location
Coefficient peak value position CorrPos.And continue executing with step S311～S314.As shown in Fig. 2 after obtaining time domain reconstruction signal, after
The continuous polarity for pressing signal amplitude divides positive and negative interval (S311), finds out abnormal signal generation with reference to Difference Calculation according to positioning result
At the moment, abnormal signal peak value is obtained, abnormal signal is located interval (S312～S313) is determined according to normalization peak value projecting degree,
Execution step S314 calculates the peak value of initial station abnormal signal and the peakedness ratio of the terminal abnormal signal afterwards, finally according to default
Scope is carried out judging whether pipeline occurs leakage, if then sending leakage alarm, if it is not, being then judged to non-homogeneous signal, is not reported
It is alert.
Name a specific application of the example to the method for the present invention to illustrate.
Choose two abnormal signal samples be identified, sample 1 be interference signal, sample 2 be leakage signal, two samples
It is the complete signal of a frame.Algorithm flow as shown in Fig. 2 and the method for the present invention can be realized with any Programming with Pascal Language, and
Run on computers.
Step 1. is carried out counting, is compared by the spectrogram of abnormal signal and normal signal to a certain amount of pipe under test
Right, abnormal signal frequency band range is the 5th to the 45th spectral line and the 5967 to 5997th spectral line (Fourier transformation frequency spectrum in frequency spectrum
Symmetry).According to α in the attenuation model that historical data is set upsmax=-0.2785, αsmin=-0.4884, αnmax=
1.9640,αnmin=1.5746.By abnormal signal diagnostic method, in being diagnosed to be this two frame signal, there is abnormal signal, believe
Number length is N=6000 points, and sample rate is 50Hz, pipeline total length L=12.409km.
Step 2. adopts moving average filter denoising, and yardstick is 100；Through moving average filter denoising and average is gone, obtained
To ambipolar first and last station signal.Wherein Fig. 3 is the 1 first and last station signal of sample after processing, and Fig. 4 is 2 first and last station signal of sample.Two
The figure of individual figure middle and upper part is initial station signal schematic representation, and the figure of bottom is the signal schematic representation of terminal.
Step 3. calculates the coefficient correlation peak value of sample 1 and sample 2, and is calculated the abnormal signal sprocket bit of sample 1
It is set to l1=8.6161km, the abnormal signal position location of sample 2 is l2=0.6006km
Step 4. is by the spectral line in the frequency spectrum of first and last station signal in addition to the frequency band range of abnormal signal place described in step 1
All it is clearly 0.
Frequency spectrum after above-mentioned frequency domain filtering is obtained time domain reconstruction waveform by Fourier inversion by step 5., sample 1
Time domain reconstruction waveform is as shown in figure 5, the time domain reconstruction waveform of sample 2 is as shown in Figure 6.
The signal at first and last station is divided into some positive and negative intervals by polarity of the step 6. according to signal amplitude.In this example, sample 1 is first
Signal spacing number of standing is 46, and terminal signal spacing number is 49；2 initial station signal spacing number of sample is 37, terminal
Signal spacing number is 55.
1 initial station abnormal signal of step 7. sample is interval positioned at the 37th, and terminal abnormal signal is interval positioned at the 34th, by area
Interior signal does the Difference Calculation that time delay yardstick is 50, and after the signal differential of initial station, extreme point position is x1(4248), terminal is y1
(3908), initial station abnormal signal peak value Peakup1=227.3970, terminal abnormal signal peak value Peakdn1=581.4869, amplitude
Than for r1=Peakup1/Peakdn1=0.3911.
2 initial station abnormal signal of sample is interval positioned at the 9th, and terminal abnormal signal is interval positioned at the 17th, will believe in interval
Number the Difference Calculation that time delay yardstick is 50 is done, extreme point position is x after the abnormal signal difference of initial station2(957), terminal is y2
(1775), initial station abnormal signal peak value Peakup2=181.4235, terminal abnormal signal peak value Peakdn2=294.1498, amplitude
Than for r2=Peakup2/Peakdn2=0.6168.
Sample 1 is substituted into model with the orientation distance of sample 2 and show that 1 Amplitude Ration interval of sample is by step 8.
[0.2203,0.3087], the Amplitude Ration interval of sample 2 is [0.5713,0.7109].The Amplitude Ration r of sample 22In value
In interval, it is judged to homologous leakage signal；The Amplitude Ration r of sample 11Outside interval, it is judged to non-homogeneous interference signal.
The method of the reduction line leakage rate of false alarm of the present invention is based on Acoustic Wave Propagation attenuation model, according to pipeline reality
Signal modeling, substantially reduces the impact of transducer sensitivity and transmitter multiplication factor.Due to interference signal time-frequency characteristic with
Leakage signal time-frequency characteristic is closer to, and is difficult to distinguish using conventional mode identification method, easily causes wrong report.And this method energy
The enough identification for effectively and quickly realizing pipe leakage interference signal, improves the accuracy that line leakage is reported to the police, and with compared with
Good robustness.
Embodiment described above only expresses the several embodiments of the present invention, and its description is more concrete and detailed, but and
Therefore the restriction to the scope of the claims of the present invention can not be interpreted as.It should be pointed out that for one of ordinary skill in the art
For, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, some deformations and improvement can also be made, these belong to the guarantor of the present invention
Shield scope.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be defined by claims.
Claims (6)
1. it is a kind of reduce line leakage rate of false alarm method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
It is real-time respectively, continuous by the second sound wave monitor for being arranged on the first sound wave monitoring instrument and pipeline terminal of pipeline initial station
Initial station acoustic signals and terminal acoustic signals inside ground monitoring pipeline；
When monitoring that initial station and terminal simultaneously when there is abnormal signal, calculate the abnormal letter in initial station in the acoustic signals of initial station respectively
Terminal abnormal signal peak value in number peak value and terminal acoustic signals；
The peakedness ratio between the initial station abnormal signal peak value and terminal abnormal signal peak value is judged whether in preset range, if
It is that then the pipeline occurs leakage；If it is not, then there is no leakage in the pipeline；
The step of the preset range for also including determining the ratio between the initial station abnormal signal peak value and terminal abnormal signal peak value
Suddenly；
Wherein, the preset range of the ratio between the initial station abnormal signal peak value and the terminal abnormal signal peak value is to pass through
Build what Acoustic Wave Propagation attenuation model in the pipeline was realized.
2. it is according to claim 1 reduce line leakage rate of false alarm method, it is characterised in that it is described by arrange
In real time, continuously monitored in pipeline in the second sound wave monitor of the first sound wave monitoring instrument and pipeline terminal of pipeline initial station respectively
The initial station acoustic signals and terminal acoustic signals in portion, comprise the following steps：
With sampling period T sample respectively the first sound wave monitoring instrument and the second sound wave monitor output the initial station sound
Ripple signal and the terminal acoustic signals two paths of signals, stamp time mark respectively at whole moment minute to the two paths of signals for gathering
Sign；
The continuous two minutes initial station acoustic signals and the terminal acoustic signals are extracted respectively, wherein previous minute signal is to go through
History data, one minute after signal is real time data, and the historical data and the real time data constitute complete pending of a frame
Initial station acoustic signals and terminal acoustic signals；
Wherein, T is the positive number more than 0.
3. it is according to claim 2 reduce line leakage rate of false alarm method, it is characterised in that described in the determination
The step of preset range of the ratio between initial station abnormal signal peak value and terminal abnormal signal peak value, specifically include following step
Suddenly：
Obtain multigroup initial station acoustic signals and terminal acoustic signals and be filtered, denoising and remove average value processing, after obtaining denoising
Signal；
The peak value of the coefficient correlation of initial station abnormal signal and terminal abnormal signal is obtained to the signal after denoising by correlation computations
Position, is denoted as CorrPos, and according to formula：
Determine that abnormal signal occurs distance of the position far from initial station, wherein, l is that abnormal signal occurs distance of the position far from initial station, and L is
Pipeline total length, VdnWith VupAcoustic signals spread speed respectively from initial station to terminal and from terminal to initial station；
After the monitoring of Preset Time, initial station abnormal signal and homologous terminal letter extremely that position location is initial station are obtained
Number, and the initial station abnormal signal and homologous terminal abnormal signal that position location is terminal, and obtain the first predetermined number
Initial station normal signal and terminal normal signal；
Discrete Fourier transform is carried out to the signal after the denoising, the frequency spectrum of the signal after denoising is obtained；
The frequency spectrum of normal signal and abnormal signal is compared, the frequency spectrum of the abnormal signal is intercepted；
The frequency spectrum of the abnormal signal after to intercepting carries out Fourier inversion, after obtaining the time domain reconstruction of the abnormal signal
Signal；
The peak value of initial station abnormal signal and the peak of homologous terminal abnormal signal are determined according to the amplitude of the signal after time domain reconstruction
The peakedness ratio of value；
According to sound wave along pipeline propagation attenuation formula：
Wherein, Peak0There is the initial magnitude of point acoustic signals for abnormal sound wave, Peak is the signal amplitude after propagation attenuation, l
There is distance of the position far from initial station for abnormal signal, L is pipeline total length, and α is Acoustic Wave Propagation attenuation coefficient, at first stop the sound of generation
Ripple signal downstream propagation is to terminal, and terminal produces acoustic signals adverse current when traveling to initial station, and which meets respectively：
PeakupFor the abnormal signal amplitude that initial station collects, PeakdnFor the homologous abnormal signal amplitude that terminal is collected, αs
With αnPropagation attenuation coefficient when respectively following current is propagated with adverse current；
Acoustic signals downstream propagation attenuation coefficient α is can be calculated furthersWith adverse current propagation attenuation factor alphanFor：
α is obtained according to peakedness ratio of the initial station abnormal signal with the homologous abnormal signal of terminalsAnd αnValue；
Determine that sound wave is believed with reference to the peakedness ratio of the paired initial station abnormal signal and homologous terminal abnormal signal of the second predetermined number
Number downstream propagation attenuation coefficient αsWith adverse current propagation attenuation factor alphanScope be：
αs min≤αs≤αs max
αn min≤αn≤αn max；
For generation is in the leakage acoustic signals away from initial station l distances, its initial station abnormal signal and homologous terminal abnormal signal
Peakedness ratio r meets following relation：
Acoustic Wave Propagation attenuation coefficient is constituted into four groups of [αs min,αn min],[αs min,αn max],[αs max,αn min],[αs max,
αn max], four r values are obtained, and maximum is designated as into rmax, minimum of a value is designated as rmin, then initial station abnormal signal and homologous terminal
The span of the peakedness ratio of abnormal signal is：
4. it is according to claim 3 reduce line leakage rate of false alarm method, it is characterised in that judge the initial station
Peakedness ratio between abnormal signal peak value and terminal abnormal signal peak value whether in preset range, if so, then send out by the pipeline
Raw leakage；If it is not, then the pipeline does not occur leakage, comprise the following steps：
Calculate the peakedness ratio between the initial station abnormal signal peak value and the terminal abnormal signal peak value；
According to formulaAnd αsWith αnValue calculate the preset range of the peakedness ratio；
Judge the peakedness ratio whether in the preset range for being calculated；
If so, then first and last station abnormal signal is homologous signal, sends leakage alarm；
If it is not, then first and last station abnormal signal is non-homogeneous signal, leakage alarm is not sent.
5. it is according to claim 3 reduce line leakage rate of false alarm method, it is characterised in that it is described according to time domain
The amplitude of the signal after reconstruct determines the peakedness ratio of the peak value of initial station abnormal signal and the peak value of terminal abnormal signal, including following
Step：
Positive and negative interval is divided according to the polarity of the amplitude, and obtains each interval peak value and be designated as Peak [i], positive interval takes
Maximum, takes minimum of a value between minus zone, wherein, 1≤i≤NPeak, NPeakFor the complete pending initial station acoustic signals of a frame or end
The interval sum stood in acoustic signals；
The average of positive peak and negative peak is calculated, meanVP and meanVN is designated as respectively, and will be more than in positive signal peak value
The peak value of meanVP calculates normalization peak value projecting degree index L according to equation belowP, and when positive peak is seasonal less than meanVP
LPFor 0,
Peak value of the amplitude in negative peak more than meanVN is calculated into normalization peak value projecting degree index L according to equation belowN, and
When negative peak is more than meanVN season LNFor 0,
The signal that the normalization peak value projecting degree index is less than the signal spacing of predetermined threshold value is 0 clearly, it is determined that described return
One changes peak value be located interval and generation moment LeakPos of the peak value projecting degree index higher than predetermined threshold value；
When there are multiple abnormal signals, one abnormal signal of initial station and the LeakPos's of each abnormal signal of terminal are calculated successively
Difference：
DT=LeakPosup(i)-LeakPosdn(j)
When difference DT and the CorrPos closest to when, determine that this group of signal is respectively initial station abnormal signal and corresponding terminal
Abnormal signal, now interval sequence number be designated as Range respectivelyupWith Rangedn；
And then obtain the peak value Peak (Range of initial station abnormal signalup) and terminal abnormal signal peak value Peak (Rangedn), and
The peak value of the initial station abnormal signal and the peakedness ratio of the terminal abnormal signal are obtained further.
6. it is according to claim 2 reduce line leakage rate of false alarm method, it is characterised in that using pipeline initial station
The first sound wave monitoring instrument and pipeline terminal the second sound wave monitor monitoring pipeline inside initial station acoustic signals and terminal sound
During ripple signal, precision time service is carried out using global positioning system.
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| CN106594529B (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2018-08-24 | 合肥工业大学 | Leakage signal spread speed measurement method based on short-time energy and linear fit |
| GB2571145B (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2021-05-26 | Centrica Plc | Flow alert system and method |
| CN109340585B (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2020-10-27 | 北京化工大学 | Pipeline leakage detection and positioning method |
| CN110939875B (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2021-09-28 | 上海隧道工程股份有限公司 | Pipeline leakage detection and positioning method and system based on spectral line analysis |
| CN111059476B (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2021-09-14 | 上海隧道工程股份有限公司 | Pipeline leakage positioning method and system |
| CN112434561B (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2023-09-22 | 中国工程物理研究院电子工程研究所 | Method for automatically judging effectiveness of shock wave signal |
| CN114877263B (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2023-04-07 | 华中科技大学 | Pipeline micro-leakage characteristic information monitoring method, system, equipment and medium |
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