CN104246119A - Apparatus, systems and methods for bypassing a flow control device - Google Patents
Apparatus, systems and methods for bypassing a flow control device Download PDFInfo
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- CN104246119A CN104246119A CN201280072521.7A CN201280072521A CN104246119A CN 104246119 A CN104246119 A CN 104246119A CN 201280072521 A CN201280072521 A CN 201280072521A CN 104246119 A CN104246119 A CN 104246119A
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- flow
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- control apparatus
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B34/00—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
- E21B34/06—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells
- E21B34/08—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells responsive to flow or pressure of the fluid obtained
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B23/00—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing, or removing tools, packers or the like in the boreholes or wells
- E21B23/004—Indexing systems for guiding relative movement between telescoping parts of downhole tools
- E21B23/006—"J-slot" systems, i.e. lug and slot indexing mechanisms
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/12—Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B2200/00—Special features related to earth drilling for obtaining oil, gas or water
- E21B2200/06—Sleeve valves
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B34/00—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
- E21B34/06—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells
- E21B34/063—Valve or closure with destructible element, e.g. frangible disc
Abstract
A bypass assembly for use in a downhole tool comprises a chamber, a first fluid port in fluid communication with the chamber, a second fluid port in fluid communication with the chamber, a flow restrictor disposed in a first flow path between the first fluid port and the second fluid port, a piston moveable in a first direction by the application of a first fluid pressure, a biasing member, and a restraining member disposed adjacent to the piston. The biasing member biases the piston to move in a second direction opposite the first direction, and the restraining member is actuated by movement of the piston in the first direction in response to a predetermined fluid pressure. Movement of the piston in the second direction to a predetermined position configures the bypass assembly to divert fluid flow around the flow restrictor along a second flow path.
Description
Technical field
Generally, the present invention relates to the operation of equipment and the execution together used with missile silo, the invention particularly relates to the application of the flow control apparatus for managing the fluid flowing into and flow out body.
Background technology
Under the prerequisite not limiting the scope of the invention, exemplarily background of the present invention is described hereinafter with reference to producing fluid from hydrocarbon containing formation.
During produce hydro carbons from missile silo, need the production substantially reducing or get rid of the water produced from well.Such as, may expect that the fluid produced from well has the ratio of relatively high hydro carbons, and the ratio of relatively low water.In some cases, also expect that restriction carrys out the production of the hydrocarbon gas in artesian well.
In addition, when producing fluid from the long section (interval) on the stratum penetrated by well, it is known that, production along section balanced fluid can cause the water that reduces and gas " bore into ", with more in check uniformity, thus increase ratio and the total amount of the oil produced from section.In the past, in order to along section balanced production, inflow control device (ICDs) is used with the flowing of the fluid of the production of restricted passage ICDs.Such as, in long horizontal hole, near " heel portion " of well, the comparable fluid flowed " toe section " of well near of the fluid of flowing is subject to more restriction, makes the flow produced in " heel portion " of well be greater than the flow produced in " toe section " of well with the tendency of offset by the level of well (tendency).
Summary of the invention
In one embodiment, a kind of bypass assembly for using in downhole tool comprises: chamber; With the first fluid port of chamber in fluid communication; With the second fluid port of chamber in fluid communication; Flow limiter, is arranged in the first flow path between first fluid port and second fluid port; Piston, can be moved along first direction by the applying of first fluid pressure; Biasing member; And suppression component, be set near piston.Biasing member offset piston, makes piston move along the second direction contrary with first direction, and suppresses component respond predetermined fluid pressure by piston and move forward into row cutting along first direction.The moving structure bypass assembly of piston along second direction to precalculated position, thus fluid flowing is turned to along the second flow path around flow limiter.
In one embodiment, a kind of flow control apparatus used in downhole tool comprises: flow resistance, is arranged in the first flow path between the first port and the second port; And bypass mechanism, be configured to respond the first pressure and move between the first location and the second location.When bypass mechanism is in primary importance, the first flow path between the first port and the second port is established, and when bypass mechanism is in the second place, the second flow path between the first port and the second port is established.
In one embodiment, a kind of method walking around flow limiter comprises: make fluid flow through the first flow path between the first port and the second port, wherein the first flow path comprises flow limiter; Respond the pressure and translation moving element that are applied to moving element, wherein translation moving element can open the second flow path between the first port and the second port; And make fluid flow through the second flow path.
These and other characteristic sum characteristic will more clearly be understood from the following detailed description with claims by reference to the accompanying drawings.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Equipment disclosed herein, system and method is specifically described hereinafter with reference to accompanying drawing, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the well system comprising multiple flow control apparatus;
Fig. 2 A is the sectional view of flow control apparatus in an embodiment of primary importance;
Fig. 2 B is the sectional view of flow control apparatus in an embodiment of the second place;
Fig. 2 C is the sectional view of flow control apparatus in an embodiment of the 3rd position;
Fig. 3 is the sectional view of an embodiment of the flow control apparatus comprising Flow in Nozzle limiter;
Fig. 4 is the sectional view of an embodiment of the flow control apparatus comprising the bent flow limiter of U-bend;
Fig. 5 is the sectional view of an embodiment of the flow control apparatus comprising annular stream pipe flow limiter;
Fig. 6 is the sectional view of an embodiment of the flow control apparatus comprising spiral flow tube flow limiter;
Fig. 7 A is the sectional view of an embodiment of flow control apparatus, and this flow control apparatus comprises the suppression component be in the J-shaped groove mechanism form shown in primary importance;
Fig. 7 B is the sectional view of the flow control apparatus of Fig. 7 A, and this flow control apparatus has with the J-shaped groove mechanism shown in the second place;
Fig. 7 C is the sectional view of the flow control apparatus of Fig. 7 A, and this flow control apparatus has with the J-shaped groove mechanism shown in the 3rd position;
Fig. 8 is the top view of the J-shaped groove shown in Fig. 7 A to Fig. 7 C;
Fig. 9 is the stereogram of the embodiment of the protruding ring of J-shaped groove mechanism for Fig. 7 A to Fig. 7 C.
Detailed description of the invention
Although first should be understood that the exemplary enforcement that disclosed herein is one or more embodiment, disclosed equipment, system and method can exemplarily for current techniques or the prior aries of any amount.The present invention be limited to by no means hereafter illustrate exemplary enforcement, accompanying drawing and technology, but can to change in the complete scope of the scope of claims and its equivalent.
Some term uses in the whole text in following description and claim, to refer to specific feature or component.Accompanying drawing not necessarily proportionally.Some characteristic sum component herein can exemplify with the ratio amplified or illustrate with the form of certain signal, and in order to clear and simple and clear, some details of common element can not be shown.
Unless otherwise prescribed, any form of the interactional term between " connection ", " joint ", " connection ", " attachment " or other any description element and usage are not all that the association between these elements is restricted to direct interaction by intention, can comprise Indirect Interaction between described element yet.In discussion hereafter and claim, term " comprises " and " comprising " is for open description, is interpreted as " including but not limited to ".To upper or under to quote be object in order to describe, wherein " top ", " top ", " upwards " or " aboveground " refer to towards the direction, ground of well, and " below ", " bottom ", " downwards " or " down-hole " refer to towards the end direction of well, have nothing to do with the orientation of oil well.Term used herein " oil band " or " productive zone " refer to the independent part of the well of specifying to process or produce, and the unitary part on whole hydrocarbon formation or single stratum can be referred to, the level on such as same stratum and/or the multiple parts be spaced vertically.Reading the detailed description of hereafter multiple embodiment also with reference to after accompanying drawing, under help of the present invention, above-mentioned various features and hereafter specifically described further feature and characteristic will be apparent for those skilled in the art.
First with reference to Fig. 1, wherein depict example well system 10, comprise and there is roughly vertical section 14 and the well 12 of approximate horizontal section 16, sleeve pipe 18, tubing string 20, multiple packer 22 of separating and flow control apparatus 24 and stratum 26.
The production of hydro carbons is flowed out from stratum 26 by making the fluid containing hydro carbons, enters horizontal sections 16, and flows into tubing string 20 by multiple flow control apparatus 24 and realize.In this example, flow control apparatus 24 provides the filtration to the unwanted material from stratum 26, and provides the measurement to being input to the fluid in tubing string 20 from stratum.Each independent flow control apparatus 24 by providing the sealing between the outer wall of well 12 and tubing string 20, can be isolated in different oil bands or section along well 12 by packer 22.
The friction effect flowing through the fluid of tubing string 20 can cause the fluid pressure loss in the aboveground sections of the tubing string 20 be arranged in horizontal sections 16 to increase.This pressure loss causes the increase being arranged on the pressure reduction between aboveground sections in horizontal sections 16 and stratum 26 of tubing string 20, and pressure reduction increases and then causes the higher flow velocity of the aboveground sections entering tubing string 20.Therefore, each fluid control device 24 is isolated and allows to modify to the measurement capability of each fluid control device 24, thus cause the flow of each sections flowing into tubing string 20 more even.Such as, aboveground flow control apparatus 24 can comprise larger flow resistance, to resist the larger pressure reduction forcing the fluid into flow control apparatus.
Open and multiple flow control apparatus 24 in the horizontal sections 16 of not trapping although Fig. 1 depicts, be understood that these flow control apparatus are suitable in the well of trapping equally.Such as, when processing chemicals (such as acid) and be injected in the perforation of well of trapping, these flow control apparatus 24 and packer 22 can be used for the object controlled that flows.And, isolated by packer 22 although flow control apparatus 24 is depicted as each by Fig. 1, it should be understood that any amount of flow control apparatus 24 can form group together and be isolated by packer 22, and do not deviate from principle of the present invention.In addition, although Fig. 1 depicts the flow control apparatus 24 in horizontal hole 16, it will also be appreciated that flow control apparatus is equally applicable to have the well of other directional structure vectorical structure, comprise vertical well, skew well, inclined shaft eye, multiple-limb well etc.
Boring into after the water in the well caused or gas generation start, sometimes expecting to reduce any flow restriction that ICDs produces, maximize to make production.Therefore, although the time point that the production that ICDs postpones water or gas starts can be expected, the higher flow entered in well can be needed after this point, to extract any residue hydro carbons from surrounding formation.So, disclosed herein is after ICDs has been arranged on down-hole in well, fast and effectively walk around these ICDs and do not need physical interventions to enter equipment in well and method.
Although can use multiple mechanism, will be appreciated that flow control apparatus can be included in the bypass assembly used in downhole tool, this downhole tool can be used for as walked around the flow resistances such as ICD.Bypass assembly can comprise moving element, and moving element can be configured to response and move from the applying of the first fluid pressure of the second port input.Bypass assembly also can comprise suppression component, suppresses component to be configured to suppress moving element to make it does not driven, until moving element is applied in the predetermined fluid pressure of more than threshold value.Piston, to the movement in precalculated position, can make fluid flow and turn to around flow resistance along the second flow path, thus can walk around flow resistance and not need mechanical interference to enter in well.In one embodiment, the second flow path can the fluid between the first port and the second port flow in there is less pressure drop.Therefore, bypass assembly can be constructed so that fluid can be produced along the first flow path, fluid-responsive pressure and make moving element translation, and produces fluid along the second flow path thereafter.Similarly, bypass assembly can be configured to produce fluid with the first pressure drop, and fluid-responsive pressure makes moving element translation, and produces fluid with the second pressure drop being different from the first pressure drop thereafter.
In one embodiment, the multiple flow control apparatus comprising bypass assembly together can use with the multiple flow resistances arranged in the wellbore.In this embodiment, one or more in bypass assembly are configured to response and drive moving element higher than the applying of the first pressure of threshold value.This one or more bypass assembly can be configured to when maintenance the first pressure, and translation moving element also stops fluid to flow through bypass assembly.This can make all bypass assemblies can be driven along the length of well, until pressure drop thereafter, and bypass assembly re-constructs and turns to around flow resistance along the second flow path for making fluid flow.Although only some bypass assembly can more than response lag the first pressure and driving, one or more extra bypass assembly can more than response lag the second pressure and being driven, and wherein the second pressure is greater than the first pressure.
Referring now to Fig. 2 A, wherein depict the sectional view of an embodiment of flow control apparatus 100, the flow control apparatus 24 that flow control apparatus 100 is suitable for as describing above with reference to Fig. 1 uses.Generally, flow control apparatus 100 comprises pipeline or tubular element 102, strainer 104, first port 106, shell 108, the flow limiter 110 with fluid passage 112, the piston 114 with the first side 116 and the second side 118, shear component 124 and biasing member 126.
Tubular element 102 comprises and can be used in down-hole and any tubular element that can be communicated with the fluid being in high pressure.Tubular element 102 forms a part for the tubing string 20 be bypassed described above with reference to Fig. 1.Tubular element 102 comprises internal fluid passageway 102a, and fluid is by internal fluid passageway 102a along aboveground and downhole to all carrying, and the second port one 22, second port one 22 also comprising at least one radial direction extends through the wall of tubular element 102.
Shell 108 comprises annular construction member, this annular construction member is set to around tubular element 102 and forms annular compartment 108c, and shell 108 also comprises the outside 108a of cylindricality and extends from the outside 108a radial direction of cylindricality and be fixed to the flange part 108b of the external surface of tubular element 102.Outside 108a and flange 108b limits the chamber 108c between shell 108 and tubular element 102 jointly.3rd port one 28 provides the fluid between well 12 with chamber 108c to be communicated with.Inner flange 108d is relative with flange 108b, near strainer 104, and extends to chamber 108c from outside 108a radial direction, and limits a part for the first port 106 as will be described in more detail.
Flow limiter 110 is the annular construction members arranged around tubular element 102.In this embodiment, limiter 110 has microscler tube 110a and the flange part 110b from the extension of tube 110a radial direction.Tube 110a is fixed to tubular element 102.The radially surface of flange part 110b comprises groove 110c, and lip ring 120a remains in groove 110c.And in this embodiment of flow limiter 110, at least one fluid passage 112 extends axially through tube 110a.
Piston 114 is another components arranged around tubular element 102, and is adapted for and shell 108 and tubular element 102 slip joint.Piston 114 comprises microscler outside 114a, lower flange 114b and the upper flange part 114c relative with lower flange.Lower flange 114b extends internally from outside 114a and keeps lip ring 120b and 120c, and lip ring 120b and 120c be the inner surface of sealed engagement shell 108 and the external surface of tubular element 102 respectively.Lower flange 106b also comprises the first side 116 and the second side 118 be set near shear component 124 that are set near the second port one 22.Upper flange part 114c comprises the sealing surfaces towards inside, in order to the seal 120a sealed engagement remained in the groove 110c of flow limiter 110.Chamber 108c is divided into two parts by lip ring 120b and 120c, wherein a part comprises the first side 116 of the first port 106, flow limiter 110, second port one 22 and piston, and another part comprises shear component 124, biasing member 126 and the 3rd port one 28.
In this embodiment, shear component 124 is arranged in chamber 108c and the pin extended in the wall of tubular element 102.Shear component 124 is between second side 118 and biasing member 126 of piston 114.The longitudinal axis of shear component 124 is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of tubular element 102.And shear component 124 is fixed in the hole 124a in tubular element 102.
Biasing member 126 can comprise Compress Spring, and this Compress Spring is set to around the tubular element 102 in chamber 108c, and is sheared component 124 time initial and suppresses can not move in compressive state.And biasing member 126 produces the bias force to shear component 124.Shear component 124 and biasing member 126 are designed to make shear component to stand bias force and not cut off.And although biasing member 126 is depicted as spring by Fig. 2 B, biasing mechanism (such as disc spring, torque spring, air spring, elastic component etc.) suitable arbitrarily all can provide the power to piston 114 as described herein.
During routine operation, when producing hydro carbons via well system, the pressure in tubular element 102 can lower than the pressure of the fluid in surrounding formation 26.Now, piston 114 is arranged on the primary importance shown in Fig. 2 A, and wherein the second side 118 acts on shear component 124 and the seal 120a sealed engagement of upper flange part 114c and flow limiter 110.In this configuration, due to this pressure reduction, establish flow path 130, wherein fluid enters strainer 104 from surrounding formation, to remove in any sand of carrying secretly or other landwaste and particle at least partially.Strainer 104 shown in Fig. 2 A is so-called " wrapping wire " types, silk thread wherein around pipeline 102 closely spiral winding, the spaced design between the winding of each silk thread be allow fluid through but do not allow sand or be greater than specific dimensions other landwaste pass through.Also the strainer of other type can be used, such as slug type, net type, pre-packed type, inflatable type, slit-type, perforate etc.
After filtration, fluid enters flow control apparatus 100 by the first port 106, and then through the fluid passage 112 of flow limiter 110, fluid passage 112 produces pressure drop entering between the fluid of flow limiter and the fluid leaving flow limiter.Because the seal 120a be positioned on flow limiter seals the composition surface of flow limiter 110 and piston 114, the fluid along flow path 130 process is prevented from and can not flows around flow limiter 110 or walk around flow limiter 110.After leaving flow limiter 110, fluid enters tubular element 102 along flow path 130 by the second port one 22 subsequently.Fluid in flow path 130 is stoped by lip ring 120b, 120c and can not flow around piston 114 and can not flow out the 3rd port one 28, lip ring 120b, 120c are arranged on piston, and the surface be sealably engaged between piston 114 and shell 108 and the surface between piston and tubular element 102.
In this particular example, flow limiter 110 is cylindrical stream pipe and has at least one through channel 112, and the longitudinal axis that through channel 112 is in substantially parallel relationship to flow limiter 110 extends and diameter is less than the axial length of flow limiter 110 substantially.The slot of fluid passage 112 produces flow restriction, causes the pressure drop of the fluid flowed through wherein.And the diameter of fluid passage 112 and length can adjust, to realize the flow restriction of aequum before flow control apparatus 100 is installed.Although Fig. 2 A shows the flow control apparatus 100 with stream cast flow limiter 110, can use other flow limiter design of the principle meeting the application's statement, as described below.
Referring again to Fig. 1, certain time in the production of hydro carbons, in order to allow higher rate of flow of fluid to enter tubing string 20 from the stratum of surrounding, the flow limiter 110 of flow control apparatus 100 can be walked around valuably.Such as, in order to postpone the water or the gas generation that enter tubing string 20 from stratum 26, when initial, each independently flow control apparatus 24 is usually needed to have unified velocity.Once well system 10 has started to produce water or gas from stratum 26, the advantage from the flowing of the unified measurement of flow control apparatus 24 has reduced, and substitute, in order to obtain any residue hydro carbons stayed in stratum 26, need augmented flow.Therefore, in order to increase the flow velocity entering tubing string 20 from stratum 26, the device for reducing the flow restriction in flow control apparatus 24 can be needed.
Referring now to Fig. 2 B, flow control apparatus 100 is provided with bypass mechanism, and bypass mechanism is constructed by introduces tubular element 102 by pressure signal, thus makes flow control apparatus can alleviate flow restriction (and thus increasing fluid inlet).Specifically, the internal fluid passageway 102a of tubular element 102 can be pressurized, makes the pressure of the fluid in the projecting stratum 26 of the fluid pressure in tubular element 102.The increase of pressure causes fluid to flow along the direction contrary with flow path 132.Fluid in flow path 132 is moved in chamber 108c from internal fluid passageway 102a by the second port one 22 be formed in tubular element 102.Fluid flows into the fluid passage 112 of flow limiter 110 therefrom.After that, the fluid of movement in flow path 132 is by leaving chamber 108c through strainer 104 and enter well 12 (shown in Fig. 1).
But due to the pressure drop that flow limiter 110 produces, the pressure entering the fluid of flow limiter 110 is higher than the pressure of fluid leaving flow limiter.Therefore, first side 116 of the flange part 114b of piston 114 is applied to from the pressure entering the fluid of chamber 108c via the second port one 22.This pressure forces piston 114 to move along the first direction against shear component 124, and shear component 124 responds shearing force and cuts off when predetermined power, this shearing force be by the pressurized with fluid in tubular element 102 is produced and applied by piston 114.Shear component 124 can be configured to be cut off when applying known power, the operator of well system so just can calculate the amount needed the fluid applied pressure in tubular element 102, so can approximately know to be cut off by shear component 124 and must apply what kind of pressure to tubular element 102.
When being cut off by shear component 124, piston 114 pairs of biasing members 126 apply power.Pressure from the fluid entering the second port one 22 can resist the bias force that (conteract) biasing member 126 produces, and forces biasing member to compress.Because the 3rd port one 28 enables the fluid around biasing member 126 escape in well 12, cause the fluid around biasing member 126 can not respond moving axially and providing pressure of piston 114.
Although shear component 124 is cut off, and piston is therefore, it is possible to direction along biasing member 126 moves axially (describe in Fig. 2 B by left-to-right), but the seal 120a between flow limiter 110 and piston 114 stops any fluid in flow path 132 to depart from (deviating) around flow limiter.Therefore, there is not the paths of least resistance of the fluid escapes for the elevated pressures in tubular element 102, force the shear component 124 in all flow control apparatus 100 be arranged on tubular element 102 to be cut off.This distinguishes to some extent with the rupture disk in the flow control apparatus be generally used in flow string, because once the first rupture disk in a flow control apparatus breaks, fluid just can walk around flow limiter, and therefore for the fluid of elevated pressures provides the path of minimum drag, prevent breaking of the rupture disk in other flow control apparatus arranged along flow string.
Referring now to Fig. 2 C, after the shear component 124 of flow control apparatus 100 is cut off, operator can reduce the pressure in tubular element 102, until produce pressure reduction, there is elevated pressures and there is lower pressure in tubular element 102 in the fluid on the stratum 26 wherein around flow control apparatus 100.The pressure of the reduction in tubular element 102 causes the reduction of pressure, and therefore causes the power of the first side 116 acting on piston 114 to reduce.The power acting on the reduction of the first side 116 can be biased bias force counteracting (offset) of component 126 generation.Larger bias force acts on the second side 118 of piston, forces piston to move axially along second direction towards flow limiter 110, and when piston rests on the second place shown in Fig. 2 C, produces annular space 138 between flow limiter and piston 114.
Because the pressure of the fluid in tubular element 102 reduces, result in the second flow path 134.First fluid along the second flow path 134 process enters strainer 104, and flows into flow control apparatus 100 by the first port 106.After this, the fluid in flow path 134 is flowed around flow limiter 110 by the space 138 be formed between piston 114 and flow limiter 110.Afterwards, the fluid in flow path 134 is conducted through the second port one 22 and is imported into the internal fluid passageway 102a of tubular element 102.Flow path 134 can be departed from around flow limiter 110, and make flow path 134 can walk around the fluid passage 112 of minor diameter in this embodiment, convection cell flow through the path providing and there is larger sectional area substantially, there is provided less restriction to flowing simultaneously, and for providing less pressure drop between the fluid that enters the first port 106 and the fluid leaving the second port one 22.Therefore, by forming and adopt the flow path 134 of less restriction, compared with first flow path 130 of Fig. 2 A, the flow velocity of the higher fluid from stratum 26 is produced by flow control apparatus 100.
In order to illustrate further walk around flow control apparatus system, Method and kit for multiple exemplary embodiments, the following provide multiple extra embodiment.
With reference to Fig. 3, in the embodiment of flow control apparatus 300, nozzle 302 is fixed to tubular element 102.Nozzle 302 comprises the center port 304 for producing pressure drop in the fluid flowing through nozzle 302.The seal 120a be arranged in the groove of nozzle 302 seals for being formed between the upper flange 114c and nozzle 302 of piston 114.The operation of flow control apparatus 300 is roughly the same with the description above with reference to flow control apparatus 100.
With reference to Fig. 4, in this embodiment of flow control apparatus 400, the bent flow limiter 402 of U-bend is set to around tubular element 102.U-shaped bending restrictor comprises the flange part 402a being fixed to tubular element 102.U-shaped bending restrictor 402 also comprises U-bend pars convoluta 402c, and U-bend pars convoluta 402c is configured to cause the pressure drop in the fluid flowing through U-bend pars convoluta 402c.U-bend pars convoluta 402c and flange part 402a includes the center penetrating via 402b flowed over for fluid.The operation of flow control apparatus 400 is roughly the same with the description above with reference to flow control apparatus 100.
With reference to Fig. 5, in this embodiment of flow control apparatus 500, annular stream pipe 502 is fixed to the periphery of tubular element 102.Ring pipe 502 comprises the solid column body 502a be arranged in pipe 504.Fluid flowing can be based upon in the annular space between pipe 504 and cylindrical body 502a, and thin annular space causes the pressure drop in fluid flowing.Annular stream pipe also comprises the flange part 502b keeping flow limiter seal 120a.Flow limiter seal 120a sealed engagement upper flange 114c, forces any fluid flowed between the first port 106 and the second port one 22 to flow through annular and flows pipe 502.The operation of flow control apparatus 500 is roughly the same with the description above with reference to flow control apparatus 100.
With reference to Fig. 6, in the embodiment of flow control apparatus 600, spiral flow tube 602 is fixed to the periphery of tubular element 102.Spiral flow tube 602 comprises cylinder body 602a, and this cylinder body has the helical flow path 602c got out near its longitudinal end.Fluid flowing is set up by helical flow path 602c, causes the pressure drop of fluid when flowing through spiral flow tube 602 in fluid.Spiral flow tube 602 also comprises the flange part 602b of accommodating flow limiter seal 120a, and the upper flange 114c of flow limiter seal 120a sealed engagement piston 114, is thus guided through spiral flow tube 602 by fluid.The operation of flow control apparatus 600 is roughly the same with the description above with reference to flow control apparatus 100.No. No.2009/0151925 other details U.S. patent applications disclosed about flow limiter 300,400,500 and 600, this application is incorporated in herein in the mode quoted as a whole.
With reference to Fig. 2 A to Fig. 6, above-mentioned shear component 124 is as dampening mechanism or releasable breech lock, and stop piston 114 to move axially towards biasing member 126, until piston causes the pressurization of scheduled volume level to be cut off by shear component 124, thus piston is freely moved axially by biasing member.Can adopt other can latch or dampening mechanism equally, comprise those that do not need frangible member to cut off.Such as, referring now to Fig. 7 A, it discloses as in flow control apparatus 700 the dampening mechanism of another kind of type that adopts.Specifically, the dampening mechanism adopted in flow control apparatus 700 is J-shaped groove mechanism.In this embodiment, erose J-shaped groove 702 is arranged in the top surface 136 of piston 114.Ring 704 to be arranged in the groove in the wall 108a of shell 108 and to be set to around tubular element 102.Ring 704 by shell 108 axial restraint, but can rotate freely around piston 114 in shell 108.The radial lug boss 706 extended is fixed to ring 704, and is arranged in a part for groove 702.Due to the contact between lug boss 706 and the outer wall of groove 702, the rotation number of degrees that lug boss 706 limit collar 704 can carry out.
Fig. 8 illustrates the top surface 136 of piston 114.Erose J-shaped groove 702 is arranged in top surface 136, and lug boss 706 is arranged in groove 702.Depend on the position of piston 114, lug boss 706 can translation between three of groove 702 diverse location (primary importance 708, the second place 710 and the 3rd position 712).Direction shown in Fig. 8 makes the bottom of Fig. 8 axially contiguous biasing member 126 (Fig. 7 A), and contiguous first port 106 (Fig. 7 A) in the top of Fig. 8.Fig. 9 shows when ring 704 and lug boss 706 construct in flow control apparatus 700, the shape of ring 704 and lug boss 706.
With reference to Fig. 7 A, flow control apparatus 700 illustrates with production status, wherein external pressure differential result in flow path 130, wherein fluid enters flow control apparatus 100 from well 12 by the first port 106, flow through flow limiter 110, and enter the internal fluid passageway 102a of tubular element 102 by the second port one 22.Piston 114 occupies primary importance, and in primary importance, biasing member 126 acts on the second surface 118 of piston.Biasing member 126 produces power along the direction of the first port 106 to piston 114.But due to the contact between lug boss 706 and groove 702, piston 114 can not be moved along the direction of the first port 106 by axially suppressing.With reference to Fig. 7 A and Fig. 8, when piston 114 occupies this primary importance, lug boss 706 occupies primary importance 708 (Fig. 8), and with the wall contacts of groove 702.Due to the ring 704 arranged in the groove of shell wall 108a, lug boss 706 is fixed vertically, so stop piston 114 to move axially along the direction of the first port 106 at the lug boss 706 of primary importance 708 with the joint of the outer wall of groove 702.
The piston 114 of primary importance provides the sealed engagement between the seal 120a of upper flange part 114c and flow limiter 110, and therefore piston 114 is suppressed and can not move axially further along the direction of the first port 106.Sealing engages and forces fluid to flow through flow limiter 110 along flow path 130, before entering the second port one 22, produce pressure drop.
Referring now to Fig. 7 B and Fig. 8, in order to piston 114 is moved to the second place, the fluid be under high pressure is pumped into internal fluid passageway 102a from the earth's surface of well system by well Systems Operator, produce internal differential pressure, the pressure in the internal fluid passageway 102a of wherein tubular element 102 is higher than the pressure of the fluid in the well 12 around tubular element 102.This internal differential pressure establishes flow path 132, and wherein fluid enters chamber 108c by the second port one 22, provides pressure to the first surface 116 of piston 114.The power that this pressure provides is greater than the reciprocal power that biasing member 126 produces, and drives JXing Cao 702 mechanism.This pressure can be predetermined, needs much pressure to provide the pressure surpassing the bias force that biasing member 126 produces to the first surface 116 of piston 114 because can calculate in internal path 102a.
Present piston 114 along biasing member 126 axial, be forcibly moved along the rightabout of the first port 106, piston 114 freely can slide axially along the direction of biasing member 126, until lug boss 706 arrives its second place 710, as shown in Figure 8.Lug boss 706, after being moved axially along the direction of biasing member 126 by piston 114, touches the outer wall of groove 702, and suppresses piston 114 to move axially further along the direction of biasing member 126 when arriving the second place 710.In this second place, the upper flange part 114c of piston 114 keeps the sealed engagement with the seal 120a of flow limiter 110.
Referring now to Fig. 7 C and Fig. 8, in order to piston 114 is moved to the 3rd position, the operator of well system reduces the pressure in the internal fluid passageway 102a of tubular element 102, produces external pressure differential, and the pressure of the fluid wherein in well 12 is higher than the pressure of the fluid in internal fluid passageway 102a.External pressure differential defines flow path 134, and fluid is entered flow control apparatus 700 by the first port 106 and left by the second port one 22 and enter internal fluid passageway 102a.And external pressure differential drives J-shaped groove 702, piston 114 is moved to the 3rd position shown in Fig. 7 C.
When lug boss 706 is in the second place 710 (Fig. 8), although piston 114 is suppressed and can not move axially along the direction of biasing member 126, piston 114 freely can slide axially along the direction of the first port 106.External pressure differential reduces the pressure acting on the first surface 116 of piston 114, makes biasing member 126 piston 114 can be forced to move along the direction of the first port 106.When lug boss 706 is in the second place 710, piston 114 slides axially along the direction of the first port 106, lug boss 706 is placed in the 3rd position 712 (Fig. 8), the outer wall of its middle slot 702 stops piston 114 to move axially further along the direction of the first port 106.
Now, be in the 3rd position, upper flange part 114c no longer with the seal 120a sealed engagement of flow limiter 110, result in space 138.Therefore fluid along flow path 134 can bypass flow limiter 110, flows through space 138, and enters internal fluid passageway 102a by the second port one 22.Walk around flow limiter 110 when causing fluid to flow into internal fluid passageway 102a from well 12, the second less pressure drop of the fluid in flow path 134.And due to the interaction between lug boss 706 and the outer wall of groove 702, so lug boss 706 can be fixed to shell 108 and piston 114 can rotate, but not ring 704 is rotated.
In one embodiment, the method walking around flow limiter can comprise: make fluid flow to the second port from the first port by the first flow path, response pressure reduction makes parts move to the second place from primary importance, and makes fluid flow to the second port from the first port by the second flow path.The method also can comprise makes fluid flow to the first port from the second port by the 3rd flow path, and wherein, above-mentioned pressure reduction is produced by the fluid flowing through the 3rd flow path.
In one embodiment, the internal path making fluid from stratum inflow flow string can be comprised from the another kind of method of well system production hydro carbons.When fluid enters flow string, fluid flows through filter and ICD, thus in fluid flowing, produces pressure drop when fluid enters internal path.Producing after fluid a period of time from stratum, fluid can be pumped into flow string from earth's surface to produce internal differential pressure etc., the pressure in the projecting well of the pressure wherein in internal path and stratum.This internal differential pressure drives the bypass of the flow limiter in each ICD be arranged in flow string.But in another embodiment, this internal differential pressure only can drive a part of ICD in flow string.After ICD has been driven at least partially, pressure in the internal path of flow string can reduce, to produce external pressure differential etc., pressure wherein in stratum and well is higher than the pressure in internal path, thus due to the driving of bypass mechanism, cause the internal path flowing into and can bypass now ICD.Owing to walking around the flow limiter be arranged in ICD, the fluid flowing entering internal path from stratum can have lower pressure drop.
Although illustrate and describe multiple specific embodiment herein, those skilled in the art can make multiple remodeling under the prerequisite not deviating from scope herein and instruction.Embodiment is herein exemplarily property and nonrestrictive description only.Many changes and the remodeling of multiple systems described herein, equipment and process are feasible within the scope of the invention.Such as, the relative size of different component, the manufactured materials of different component and other many kinds of parameters all can change.Therefore, protection domain is not limited to embodiment described herein, but is only limited by the appended claims, and the scope of claim should comprise all equivalents of its theme.
Claims (20)
1. the bypass assembly used in downhole tool, comprising:
Chamber;
With the first fluid port of described chamber in fluid communication;
With the second fluid port of described chamber in fluid communication;
Flow limiter, is arranged in the first flow path between described first fluid port and described second fluid port;
Piston, can move along first direction by applying first fluid pressure;
Biasing member, wherein said biasing member is biased described piston, and described piston is moved along second direction opposite to the first direction; And
Suppress component, be set near described piston, wherein said suppression component is driven along the movement of described first direction in response to predetermined fluid pressure by described piston;
Wherein, construct described bypass assembly by described piston along described second direction to the movement in precalculated position, thus fluid flowing is turned to around described flow limiter along the second flow path.
2. bypass assembly as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described flow limiter produces the first pressure drop in the fluid flowing through the described flow limiter between described first port and described second port.
3. bypass assembly as claimed in claim 2, wherein, described flow limiter and described piston seal engage, and are configured to produce described first pressure drop.
4. bypass assembly as claimed in claim 2, wherein, described piston produces the second pressure drop in fluid flowing between described first port and described second port of the movement in described precalculated position, and wherein said second pressure drop is less than described first pressure drop.
5. bypass assembly as claimed in claim 2, wherein, described piston along described first direction movement during, described first pressure drop is maintained.
6. bypass assembly as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described piston can respond the second lower pressure from described second port applying and move along described second direction.
7. the flow control apparatus used in downhole tool, comprising:
Flow resistance, is arranged in the first flow path between the first port and the second port; And
Bypass mechanism, is configured to can respond the first pressure and move between the first location and the second location,
Wherein, when described bypass mechanism is in described primary importance, described first flow path between described first port and described second port is established, and
Wherein, when described bypass mechanism is in the described second place, the second flow path between described first port and the second port is established.
8. flow control apparatus as claimed in claim 7, wherein, described flow resistance comprises the flow limiter being configured to produce helical flow path.
9. flow control apparatus as claimed in claim 7, wherein, described flow resistance comprises nozzle.
10. flow control apparatus as claimed in claim 7, wherein, the pressure drop of described second flow path features for providing the pressure drop that provides than described first flow path lower.
11. flow control apparatus as claimed in claim 7, wherein, described bypass mechanism comprises:
Pipeline, has the internal path for carrying fluid;
Shell, be set to around described pipeline, and chamber is formed between described shell and described pipeline, wherein said first port provides the fluid between described internal path with described chamber to be communicated with, and described Part II provides the fluid between described chamber and the outside of described shell to be communicated with; And
Piston, arrange in the cavity, and can move between described primary importance and the described second place, described chamber is divided into Part I and Part II by wherein said piston.
12. flow control apparatus as claimed in claim 11, wherein said bypass mechanism also comprises:
Biasing member, is arranged in the Part II of described chamber; And
Suppress component, be set near described piston.
13. flow control apparatus as claimed in claim 11, wherein, described piston can move to the 3rd position from described primary importance and described second place displacement, and wherein when being positioned at described 3rd position, described piston seals described flow resistance.
14. flow control apparatus as claimed in claim 12, wherein, described suppression component is shear component, and it can be cut off when predetermined pressure is applied to the piston of the Part I being arranged in described chamber surperficial.
15. flow control apparatus as claimed in claim 14, wherein, described shear component and biasing member are configured to response and are cut off by described shear component and apply towards the bias force of the described second place on described piston.
16. flow control apparatus as claimed in claim 12, also comprise the 3rd port, and when described in described piston compression during biasing member, described 3rd port provides the path passing the Part II of described chamber for fluid.
17. flow control apparatus as claimed in claim 12, wherein, described suppression component comprises J-shaped groove mechanism, and described J-shaped groove mechanism is configured to, when predetermined pressure is applied to the Part I of described chamber, discharge moving axially of described piston.
18. 1 kinds of methods walking around flow limiter, comprising:
Make fluid flow through the first flow path between the first port and the second port, wherein said first flow path comprises flow limiter;
Response is applied to moving element described in the pressure of moving element and translation, and wherein moving element described in translation opens the second flow path between described first port and described second port; And
Fluid is made to flow through described second flow path.
19. methods as claimed in claim 18, also comprise and make fluid flow through the 3rd flow path between described second port and described first port.
20. methods as claimed in claim 19, wherein, described pressure is produced by the fluid flowing through described 3rd flow path.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US2012/034010 WO2013158085A1 (en) | 2012-04-18 | 2012-04-18 | Apparatus, systems and methods for bypassing a flow control device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104246119A true CN104246119A (en) | 2014-12-24 |
Family
ID=49379044
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201280072521.7A Pending CN104246119A (en) | 2012-04-18 | 2012-04-18 | Apparatus, systems and methods for bypassing a flow control device |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US9260938B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2839109A4 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN104246119A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2012377410B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2870840A1 (en) |
| IN (1) | IN2014DN07789A (en) |
| SG (1) | SG11201405957TA (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2013158085A1 (en) |
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| CA2958979C (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2021-11-16 | Secure Energy (Drilling Services) Inc. | Adjustable passive chokes |
| US11041360B2 (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2021-06-22 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Pressure actuated inflow control device |
| US20190003284A1 (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2019-01-03 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Mechanically Adjustable Inflow Control Device |
| US10648302B2 (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2020-05-12 | Baker Hughes, A Ge Company, Llc | Adjustable flow control device |
| US11028669B2 (en) | 2018-10-17 | 2021-06-08 | Advantage Downhole Systems, Llc | Pressure activated proportional flow bypass tool assembly |
| US11066909B2 (en) | 2019-11-27 | 2021-07-20 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Mechanical isolation plugs for inflow control devices |
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| NO20220698A1 (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2023-12-21 | Inflowcontrol As | A system comprising a pressure actuated valve for use in injection wells |
| US20240084682A1 (en) * | 2022-09-09 | 2024-03-14 | Baker Hughes Oilfield Operations Llc | Fracture system and method |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2012377410B2 (en) | 2016-06-02 |
| EP2839109A4 (en) | 2016-08-10 |
| EP2839109A1 (en) | 2015-02-25 |
| IN2014DN07789A (en) | 2015-05-15 |
| WO2013158085A1 (en) | 2013-10-24 |
| CA2870840A1 (en) | 2013-10-24 |
| SG11201405957TA (en) | 2014-10-30 |
| US20130277059A1 (en) | 2013-10-24 |
| US9260938B2 (en) | 2016-02-16 |
| AU2012377410A1 (en) | 2014-10-23 |
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Application publication date: 20141224 |