CN104122329A - Detection sensor based on magnetostriction guide waves, detection system and application - Google Patents
Detection sensor based on magnetostriction guide waves, detection system and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN104122329A CN104122329A CN201410350760.5A CN201410350760A CN104122329A CN 104122329 A CN104122329 A CN 104122329A CN 201410350760 A CN201410350760 A CN 201410350760A CN 104122329 A CN104122329 A CN 104122329A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a detection sensor based on magnetostriction guide waves. The detection sensor comprises a hollow shell, an annular magnet, a box body and a coil framework, wherein the center of the hollow shell is coaxially sleeved with a guide rod penetrating through the two ends of the hollow shell; the annular magnet is arranged in the shell, coaxially sleeves the guide rod, and is axially fixed through a magnet positioning plug; the box body is fixedly arranged at one end of the guide rod and is axially positioned outside the shell through a pressing nut; an excitation plug and a receiving plug are fixedly mounted on the box body; the coil framework is sleeved with an excitation coil and a receiving coil, and is fixed at the other end, which is located outside the shell, of the guide rod; the excitation coil and the receiving coil sequentially sleeve the periphery of the coil framework and are electrically connected with the excitation plug and the receiving plug, respectively. The invention further discloses a system comprising the detection sensor and an application of the system. According to the invention, a whole heat exchanging pipe can be detected only the coil framework, the excitation coil and the receiving coil stretch into the heat exchanging pipe; a region needing to be washed is reduced to the greatest extent; the detection efficiency of the heat exchanging pipe is improved and the detection precision is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Ultrasonic Nondestructive technical field, particularly a kind of detecting sensor, the detection system that comprises this sensor and application in detecting heat exchanger tube defect thereof based on magnetic striction wave guide.
Background technology
Along with developing rapidly of the industries such as petrochemical industry, the energy, and the pay attention to day by day of country to the saving energy, heat interchanger is being brought into play the effect becoming more and more important in commercial production and daily life.Heat exchanger tube is as the important component part of heat interchanger, and its quantity presents the growth of how much multiples.Due to the effect being corroded for a long time with stress, often there is the failure modes such as burn into perforation, crackle in heat exchanger tube, causes pumped (conveying) medium to leak, and gently reduces product quality to cause economic loss, heavy may endanger society and personal safety.Therefore, need to exchange heat pipe regularly detects.
The feature that heat exchanger tube detects is that amount detection is huge, and sensor can only be positioned over pipe interior and detects.The detection method of heat exchanger tube has at present: Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting, far-field eddy detection, local magnetic saturation EDDY CURRENT, interior rotation ultrasonic phase array detect and ultrasonic guided wave detecting method.Compare with several detection methods above, ultrasonic guided wave detecting method has advantages of that single-point-excitation can detect a segment distance, and in testing process, sensor, without movement, can be avoided whole pipeline to clean on the one hand, has improved on the other hand detection efficiency.Therefore, ultrasonic guided wave detecting method is extremely suitable for detecting heat exchanger tube.
Application number is that 200480038549.4 Chinese invention patent discloses a kind of contact torsional wave detection method and system for heat exchanger tube, wherein disclose sensor and motivated torsion mode guided wave at pipeline external, guided wave is coupled in heat exchanger tube through guided wave bar, the method need guided wave bar and heat exchanger tube inwall physical contact good, need heat exchanging inside pipe wall to carry out grinding process, to a certain degree reduced detection efficiency.The patent of invention of number of patent application CN201110410262.1 discloses the flexible guided wave sensor of a kind of contactless mangneto detecting for heat exchanger tube, in US Patent No. 7886604B2, disclose a kind of torsion mode electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer for detecting in heat exchanger tube, the two is all positioned over non-contacting sensor completely the inner exchange of heat exchanger tube heat pipe and detects.Although the noncontact characteristic of sensor has reduced the requirement of heat exchanging pipe internal surface situation, only need to clean sensor put area.But because sensor is positioned over heat exchanger tube inside completely, cause sensor to stretch into heat exchanger tube longer.To cause like this sensor to detect blind area (sensor put area) longer, centering and the linearity of sensor are had relatively high expectations simultaneously, have increased the complexity of sensor processing and manufacturing.In addition, before detection, need the region cleaned still longer, to a certain degree affected detection efficiency.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned defect, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of detecting sensor, the detection system that comprises this sensor and application in heat exchanger tube defects detection thereof based on magnetic striction wave guide, its magnetized spot when detecting is placed on outside pipe, only sensing coil partly need to be positioned over to pipe interior near the position of pipe end, do not need Mechanical Contact, directly in heat exchanger tube, motivate longitudinal mode guided wave, thereby realize defect inspection.The present invention has retained the advantage of non-contact detection, has reduced detection blind area, has reduced sensor processing and manufacturing complexity, has further reduced the requirement that exchange heat pipe cleans, and improves the detection efficiency that supersonic guide-wave method detects for heat exchanger tube.
According to one aspect of the present invention, a kind of detecting sensor based on magnetic striction wave guide is provided, the detection for defect of pipeline, is characterized in that, this detecting sensor comprises:
Hollow housing, its center coaxial sleeve is connected to the guide rod that runs through these hollow housing two ends;
Ring-shaped magnet, it is placed in, and in described hollow housing, also coaxial package is on described guide rod, and it is by being positioned at the magnet restricted plug axial restraint of shell end;
Casing, it is fixedly installed on described guide rod one end and is positioned at outside described housing, and described excitation plug and reception plug are fixedly mounted on this casing by cover plate; And
Be socketed with the coil rack of drive coil and receiving coil, wherein said coil rack is fixed on described guide rod and is positioned on the other end outside housing, and described drive coil and receiving coil are enclosed within successively described coil rack periphery and are electrically connected to described excitation plug and reception plug respectively;
The coil rack that is socketed with drive coil and receiving coil during measurement stretches in pipeline, after described excitation plug and the energising of reception plug, can make described drive coil in pipeline, produce axial alternating magnetic field, and in heat exchanger tube, produce along the static magnetic field of pipeline axial and in pipeline, motivate longitudinal mode guided wave based on magnetostrictive effect with described ring-shaped magnet, it can detect defect of pipeline at the echo of propagating back reflection generation in pipeline after described receiving coil is processed.
As improvement of the present invention, defect or the pipe end reflection of described guided wave in piping, during this reflection echo process receiving coil, causes the variation of receiving coil induced voltage, produces electric signal, processes this electric signal and can obtain pipe detection result.
As improvement of the present invention, described ring-shaped magnet external diameter is more than or equal to heat exchanger tube external diameter to be detected, and ring-shaped magnet internal diameter is less than or equal to heat exchanger tube internal diameter to be detected.
As improvement of the present invention, described drive coil and receiving coil are solenoid coil.
As improvement of the present invention, described coil rack is made by insulating material.
As improvement of the present invention, described guide rod and shell are made by nonferromugnetic material.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of detection system that comprises above-mentioned detecting sensor is provided, it is characterized in that, also comprise the power amplifier, signal generator, processor, filter amplifier and the A/D converter that are electrically connected to successively with this detecting sensor, wherein, described power amplifier is electrically connected to described excitation plug, and described reception plug is electrically connected to described filter amplifier;
Described processor control signal generator produces sinusoidal pulse current signal, after power amplifier amplifies, be input to described detecting sensor, thereby and excitation produces longitudinal mode guided wave in pipeline, after propagating and reflecting, produce corresponding electric signal in pipeline, this electric signal, after described filter amplifier and A/D converter, is inputted described processor and is processed by analysis and can obtain defect inspection result.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of method of utilizing the described detecting sensor heat exchanging defective tube based on magnetic striction wave guide to detect is provided, it is characterized in that, the method comprises:
By one end with drive coil and receiving coil of described detecting sensor, from inserting in heat exchanger tube pipeline to be detected, and housing one end and the pipeline end face of described detecting sensor are adjacent to;
By excitation plug, drive coil is passed to exchange current, thereby make described drive coil in heat exchanger tube, produce axial alternating magnetic field, and in heat exchanger tube, produce along the static magnetic field of pipeline axial and in pipeline, motivate longitudinal mode guided wave based on magnetostrictive effect with ring-shaped magnet wherein, it propagates and defect or pipe end reflection in pipeline in pipeline;
Described receiving coil receives described reflection echo, and described receiving coil induced voltage is changed, thereby produces electric signal, and this electric signal outputs to outside by described reception plug and processes, and can detect defect of pipeline.
In the present invention, ring-shaped magnet polarised direction along sensor axis to.
In the present invention, ring-shaped magnet thickness is more than or equal to 10 times of heat exchanger tube wall thickness to be detected, and heat exchanger tube wall thickness to be detected is larger, and described ring-shaped magnet thickness is larger.
In the present invention, during the work of heat exchanger tube detecting sensor, drive coil and receiving coil are no more than 50mm apart from the distance of ring-shaped magnet.
In general, according to the heat exchanger tube sensor based on magnetic striction wave guide of the present invention, by the ring-shaped magnet that is positioned over pipe end, provide static magnetic field, be positioned over the sensing coil near end in pipe alternating magnetic field is provided, directly in heat exchanger tube, motivate longitudinal mode supersonic guide-wave, in whole testing process between sensor and heat exchanger tube without physical contact.In addition, due to sensor only have coiler part be deep into pipe in less than 50mm, greatly reduce sensor and stretch into the length in pipe, thereby dwindled detection blind area, shortened cleaning area, when guaranteeing accuracy of detection, improved detection efficiency and applicability, and sensor construction has been simple and convenient.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is according to the cut-open view of the heat exchanger tube detecting sensor based on magnetic striction wave guide of the embodiment of the present invention
Fig. 2 is the system schematic while being used for heat exchanger tube detection according to the heat exchanger tube sensor of the embodiment of the present invention
Fig. 3 is external diameter 25mm used in specific embodiment, the pipeline of the internal diameter 20mm schematic diagram that changes
Fig. 4 is for being used the oscillogram of detection system gained detection signal shown in Fig. 2.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.In addition,, in each embodiment of described the present invention, involved technical characterictic just can not combine mutually as long as do not form each other conflict.
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is according to the cut-open view of the heat exchanger tube detecting sensor based on magnetic striction wave guide of the present invention.As shown in fig. 1, according to the heat exchanger tube detecting sensor 13 based on magnetic striction wave guide of the embodiment of the present invention, comprise excitation plug 1, receive plug 2, cover plate 3, casing 4, gland nut 5, guide rod 6, magnet restricted plug 7, shell 8, ring-shaped magnet 9, coil rack 10, drive coil 11 and receiving coil 12.
Wherein, ring-shaped magnet 9 is positioned over shell 8 inside, and magnet restricted plug 7 is connected by screw with shell 8.Guide rod 6 is through shell 8, magnet and magnet restricted plug 7.Between casing 4 and guide rod 6 one end, be threaded connection, and fixing by gland nut 5.Cover plate 3 is connected by screw with casing 4, and excitation plug 1 and reception plug 2 are installed on the cover board.Coil rack 10 is threaded connection with guide rod 6 other ends.Drive coil 11 and receiving coil 12 are wrapped on coil rack 10, and are electrically connected to excitation plug 1 and reception plug 2 respectively.
Below in conjunction with Fig. 2, illustrate the heat exchanger tube detecting sensor of using according to the embodiment of the present invention and exchange the process that heat pipe detects.As shown in Figure 2, in the testing process of exchange heat pipe 14, sensor 13 is arranged on heat exchanger tube 14 ends, and due to the suction of the exchange heat pipe 14 of ring-shaped magnet 9, the bottom surface of shell 8 and heat exchanger tube end face fit together.Regulate the relative position of guide rod and shell, make coil rack 10, drive coil 11 and receiving coil 12 stretch into a segment distance in pipe.
Computing machine 17 control signal generators 16 produce sinusoidal pulse current signal.Current signal, after power amplifier 15 amplifies, is input to drive coil 11.Drive coil produces axial alternating magnetic field in pipeline.Ring-shaped magnet 9 produces the static magnetic field along pipeline axial in heat exchanger tube 14.Drive coil 11 produces axial alternating magnetic field at heat exchanger tube 14 inside surfaces.Based on magnetostrictive effect, under the effect of axial static magnetic field and axial alternating magnetic field, in pipeline, excitation produces longitudinal mode guided wave, along pipeline axial, propagates.Guided wave, after defect or end reflections, during reflection echo process receiving coil 12, causes the variation of receiving coil induced voltage, produces electric signal.Electric signal after amplifier 19 and A/D converter 18, enters computer acquisition card after filtering, completes whole testing process.
Fig. 3 is an external diameter 25mm, the pipeline standard specimen schematic diagram of internal diameter 20mm, and pipe range is 2.8m, has a translot defect in the position apart from left part 1.4m, apart from the position of left part 2m, has a defective hole.The long 12.5mm of translot, wide 1mm, dark 0.5mm, equivalent cross-sectional area loss is 3.7%.Through-hole diameter is Φ 5, and its equivalent cross-sectional area loss is 7.5%.
Fig. 4 is for being used the heat exchanger tube guided wave detection system shown in Fig. 2 to detect the oscillogram of gained signal on standard specimen pipe.In Fig. 4, the echo of translot defect represents with S1, and the echo of defective hole represents with S2, and heat exchanger tube end echo represents with S3.As can be seen from Figure, should the heat exchanger tube detecting sensor based on magnetic striction wave guide can detect translot defect and defective hole, accuracy of detection is good.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any modifications of doing within the spirit and principles in the present invention, be equal to and replace and improvement etc., all should comprise within the scope of the present invention.For example, permanent magnet is positioned over to cable end, cable is carried out to axial magnetized, two solenoid coils are wrapped in to cable outside near the position of end, be used separately as drive coil and receiving coil, can in cable, motivate longitudinal mode supersonic guide-wave, cable anchorage zone is detected.
Claims (8)
1. the detecting sensor based on magnetic striction wave guide, the detection for defect of pipeline, is characterized in that, this detecting sensor comprises:
Hollow housing (8), its center coaxial sleeve is connected to the guide rod (6) that runs through this hollow housing (8) two ends;
Ring-shaped magnet (9), it is placed in, and in described hollow housing (8), also coaxial package is upper at described guide rod (6), and it is by being positioned at magnet restricted plug (7) axial restraint of housing (8) end;
Casing (4), it is fixedly installed on described guide rod (6) one end and is positioned at outside described housing (8), and described excitation plug (1) and reception plug (2) are fixedly mounted on this casing (4) by cover plate (3);
And
Be socketed with the coil rack (10) of drive coil (11) and receiving coil (12), wherein said coil rack (10) is fixed on being positioned on the other end outside housing of described guide rod (6), and described drive coil (11) and receiving coil (12) are enclosed within successively described coil rack (10) periphery and are electrically connected to described excitation plug (1) and reception plug (2) respectively;
The coil rack (10) that is socketed with drive coil (11) and receiving coil (12) during measurement stretches in pipeline, after described excitation plug (1) and reception plug (2) energising, can make described drive coil (11) in pipeline, produce axial alternating magnetic field, and produce along the static magnetic field of pipeline axial and in pipeline, motivate longitudinal mode guided wave based on magnetostrictive effect in pipeline (14) with described ring-shaped magnet (9), it can detect defect of pipeline at the echo of propagating back reflection generation in pipeline after described receiving coil is processed.
2. a kind of detecting sensor based on magnetic striction wave guide according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described ring-shaped magnet polarised direction along sensor axis to.
3. a kind of detecting sensor based on magnetic striction wave guide according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, described ring-shaped magnet (9) external diameter is more than or equal to pipeline to be detected (14) external diameter, and ring-shaped magnet (9) internal diameter is less than or equal to pipeline to be detected (14) internal diameter.
4. according to a kind of detecting sensor based on magnetic striction wave guide described in any one in claim 1-3, wherein, described drive coil (11) and receiving coil (12) are solenoid coil.
5. according to a kind of detecting sensor based on magnetic striction wave guide described in any one in claim 1-4, wherein, described coil rack (10) is made by insulating material.
6. according to a kind of detecting sensor based on magnetic striction wave guide described in any one in claim 1-5, wherein, described guide rod (6) and shell (8) are made by nonferromugnetic material.
7. a detection system that comprises the detecting sensor described in any one in claim 1-6, it is characterized in that, also comprise the power amplifier (15), signal generator (16), processor (17), filter amplifier (19) and the A/D converter (18) that are electrically connected to successively with this detecting sensor, wherein, described power amplifier (15) is electrically connected to described excitation plug, and described reception plug is electrically connected to described filter amplifier (19);
Described processor (17) control signal generator (16) produces sinusoidal pulse current signal, after power amplifier (15) amplifies, be input to described detecting sensor, thereby and excitation produces longitudinal mode guided wave in pipeline, after propagating and reflecting, produce corresponding electric signal in pipeline, this electric signal, after described filter amplifier (19) and A/D converter (18), is inputted described processor (17) and is processed and can obtain defect inspection result by analysis.
8. utilize the method that in the claims 1-6, the detecting sensor heat exchanging defective tube based on magnetic striction wave guide described in any one detects, it is characterized in that, the method comprises:
By one end with drive coil (11) and receiving coil (12) of described detecting sensor, from inserting in heat exchanger tube pipeline to be detected (14), and the housing of described detecting sensor (8) one end and pipeline end face are adjacent to;
By excitation plug (1), drive coil (11) is passed to exchange current, thereby make described drive coil (11) in heat exchanger tube (14), produce axial alternating magnetic field, and produce along the static magnetic field of pipeline axial and in pipeline, motivate longitudinal mode guided wave based on magnetostrictive effect in heat exchanger tube (14) with ring-shaped magnet (9) wherein, it propagates and defect or pipe end reflection in pipeline in pipeline;
Described receiving coil (12) receives described reflection echo, and described receiving coil (12) induced voltage is changed, thereby generation electric signal, this electric signal outputs to outside by described reception plug (2) and processes, and can detect defect of pipeline.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN105319274A (en) * | 2015-10-09 | 2016-02-10 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Water cooler heat exchange tube torsional mode guided wave sensor |
| CN105548372A (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2016-05-04 | 镇江天颐装备科技有限公司 | Pipeline guided-wave transducer based on giant magnetostrictive material, and manufacture and use method |
| CN105954362A (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2016-09-21 | 镇江天颐装备科技有限公司 | Ultrasonic guided wave generator for rapid detection of pipeline |
| CN107064310A (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2017-08-18 | 镇江天颐装备科技有限公司 | Supersonic guide-wave generator and detection method for pipeline quick detection |
| CN115014587A (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-09-06 | 西安工程大学 | Magnetic effect phased array signal acquisition structure, system and method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105319274A (en) * | 2015-10-09 | 2016-02-10 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Water cooler heat exchange tube torsional mode guided wave sensor |
| CN105548372A (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2016-05-04 | 镇江天颐装备科技有限公司 | Pipeline guided-wave transducer based on giant magnetostrictive material, and manufacture and use method |
| CN105954362A (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2016-09-21 | 镇江天颐装备科技有限公司 | Ultrasonic guided wave generator for rapid detection of pipeline |
| CN107064310A (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2017-08-18 | 镇江天颐装备科技有限公司 | Supersonic guide-wave generator and detection method for pipeline quick detection |
| CN115014587A (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-09-06 | 西安工程大学 | Magnetic effect phased array signal acquisition structure, system and method |
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