CN101832472A - System implementing pipeline leak detection by utilizing infrasonic wave - Google Patents
System implementing pipeline leak detection by utilizing infrasonic wave Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system implementing pipeline leak detection by utilizing an infrasonic wave. Two infrasonic wave sensors are respectively installed on an upstream detection point and a downstream detection point of a pipeline needing to be detected; infrasonic wave signals collected by the infrasonic wave sensors and generated by pipeline leakage are input to a signal acquisition analysis system. The signal acquisition analysis system determines the position of leakage generation according to the condition that the time difference of the infrasonic wave signals to upstream detection point and to downstream multiplies the speed of the sound wave in fluid, and exchanges information with external through the two communication modules of GPRS and CDMA, fiber optic communication or Ethernet communication, etc. The invention discloses a system satisfying several leak conditions, and implementing pipeline leak detection by infrasonic at different working conditions.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of pipeline leakage testing technology, relate in particular to a kind of system that utilizes infrasonic wave to realize pipeline leakage testing.
Background technique
Oil and Natural Gas Transportation Pipeline is by connecting pressurizing point, dividing the pipeline of defeated station, heating station to form, pipeline distance in the middle of two pressurizing points does not wait from 20～100 kms, because the pipeline major part is located in the field, mounting point, power supply and communication apparatus can't be provided, therefore, pipeline leakage checking system is required effectively to detect distance more than 20 kms.
In the prior art, being applied to the pipeline leakage testing technology mainly is that negative pressure wave method detects, its principle is: when pipeline takes place to leak, the fluid of leakage point runs off rapidly, pressure descends, and cause having pressure difference inside and outside the pipeline, and then the fluid of generation leakage point two side positions is to the constantly additional process in leakage point position, the upstream successively conveying terminal in initial station and downstream of carrying of this process transmits, and is equivalent to produce in the leakage point position negative pressure wave of propagating with certain speed.Propagate into time t1 that carries the initial station and the time difference that propagates into the time t2 that carries terminal according to negative pressure wave, and the velocity of propagation of the interior negative pressure wave of pipeline calculates the position of leakage point.The important feature of this technology is to need to produce pressure to descend, and whether the fluctuation that pressure decline produces can effectively detect also largely depends on the accuracy of instrument that is adopted.As under the 1Mpa working condition pressure, the leakage that the 1/4inch aperture produces is about 0.001Mpa in the pressure drop that produces through 20 km oil-pipings decay back, a general pressure gauge that full scale is 1Mpa, be difficult to effectively detect so little pressure drop, though the higher pressure gauge of resolution is arranged, does not meet the detection limit range request of big pressure drop.
There is following shortcoming at least in above-mentioned prior art:
Be difficult to adapt to the pipeline leakage testing requirement under the varying environment, be difficult to satisfy on-the-spot practical application for leaking this paroxysmal detection of pressure wave that produces.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of infrasonic wave that utilizes that can satisfy under various different leakage situation, the different working condition and realize the system of pipeline leakage testing.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
The system that utilizes infrasonic wave to realize pipeline leakage testing of the present invention, on the pipeline that need detect, upstream detection point and detected downstream point are set, at described upstream detection point and detected downstream point place at least one infrasonic sensor is installed respectively, that described infrasonic sensor collects because the infrasonic wave signal that pipe leakage produces is input to the signal processing and analysis system;
Described signal processing and analysis system multiply by the position that sound wave velocity of propagation in fluid is determined the leakage generation according to the time difference that described infrasonic wave signal arrives upstream detection point and detected downstream point, and by communication module and outside interactive information.
As seen from the above technical solution provided by the invention, the system that utilizes infrasonic wave to realize pipeline leakage testing of the present invention, owing at least one infrasonic sensor is installed at the upstream detection point and the detected downstream point place of the pipeline that detects at need respectively, that infrasonic sensor collects because the infrasonic wave signal that pipe leakage produces is input to the signal processing and analysis system; The signal processing and analysis system multiply by the position that sound wave velocity of propagation in fluid determines to leak generation according to the time difference that described infrasonic wave signal arrives upstream detection point and detected downstream point, and by communication module and outside interactive information.The infrasonic wave that utilizes that can satisfy under various different leakage situation, the different working condition is realized the system of pipeline leakage testing.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that system architecture of the present invention is formed schematic representation;
Fig. 2 is an on-the-spot scheme of installation of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is system works flow process figure of the present invention;
The leakage infrasonic wave schematic representation that Fig. 4 surveys at the scene for the present invention;
Another leakage infrasonic sound schematic representation that Fig. 5 surveys at the scene for the present invention.
Embodiment
The system that utilizes infrasonic wave to realize pipeline leakage testing of the present invention, its preferable embodiment is:
On the pipeline that need detect, upstream detection point and detected downstream point are set, at described upstream detection point and detected downstream point place at least one infrasonic sensor is installed respectively, that described infrasonic sensor collects because the infrasonic wave signal that pipe leakage produces is input to the signal processing and analysis system;
Described signal processing and analysis system multiply by the position that sound wave velocity of propagation in fluid is determined the leakage generation according to the time difference that described infrasonic wave signal arrives upstream detection point and detected downstream point, and by communication module and outside interactive information.
The Hz-KHz of described infrasonic sensor is 0.01Hz～20Hz.
Described infrasonic sensor is connected with described signal processing and analysis system by the pre-filtering amplifier;
Described pre-filtering amplifier carries out signal identification to the infrasonic sensor of receiving, therefrom filtering changes the undesired signal that is caused because of working conditions change and external environment, and amplifies.
Described upstream detection point and detected downstream point are equipped with two infrasonic sensors respectively;
Can remove because operating mode changes by the mode of reverse addition when described signal processing and analysis system utilizes two infrasonic sensors to receive large-signal when operating mode changes simultaneously and cause the abnormal problem of system works.
Spacing between described two infrasonic sensors is a 40-100 rice.
Described signal processing and analysis system adopts the signal processing mode of expert database, fuzzy neural network algorithm and wavelet transformation that signal is carried out comprehensive analysis and judgement in signal Recognition Algorithm.
Described communication module adopts two kinds of communication modules and the external communication of GPRS and CDMA.
Described communication module comprises Redundancy Design, and described Redundancy Design comprises fiber optic communications and/or ethernet communication.
System also comprises the highi degree of accuracy time service of GPS, is used to solve the time synchronization problem of described upstream detection point and detected downstream point.The time service precision of described GPS is below 1ns, and system carried out at every interval the time service calibration of a GPS in one hour.
System comprises that also solar energy adds the storage battery power supply system, is used to on-the-spot detection facility power supply.
The present invention can satisfy various different leakage situation, the pipeline leakage checking system under the different working conditions.Native system is based on infrasonic pipeline leakage testing technology, its principle is: pipeline when take place leaking because the pressure surge meeting produces the very low sound wave of frequency, according to the working condition of pipeline and the size in leakage aperture, the infrasonic wave frequency that produces also is not quite similar, low-limit frequency can be hanged down 0.05Hz, and high-frequency energy reaches about 4Hz.The infrasonic sensor that the present invention adopts is a ultralow frequency high sensitivity infrasonic sensor, and its sensitivity can reach-195dB, and Hz-KHz is 0.01Hz～20Hz.Adopt this requirement that can meet the Leak testtion in different apertures under the various working conditions at the infrasonic sensor of pipeline leakage testing.Infrasonic sensor is converted into electrical signal output with detected infrasonic wave signal, carries out necessary signal identification after gathering by AD, and therefrom filtering changes the undesired signal that is caused because of working conditions change and external environment.The time difference that arrives upstream and downstream according to the infrasonic wave signal be multiply by the position that sound wave velocity of propagation in fluid determines to leak generation.
For at the frequency response range that reaches broad on the basis that does not reduce transducer sensitivity to satisfy the requirement under the various application conditions, can connect a preposition coupling amplification circuit in the rear end of sensor, the input resistance value of this preposition coupling amplification circuit is 1000M ohm.Change in the internal memory that digital signal stores DSP into through the A/D converter of system through the infrasonic wave signal behind the pre-amplification circuit.DSP carries out signal processing and judgement to the received signal, handles the most at last and the result that judges uploads to MCR Master Control Room by communication module.
System can adopt signal processing modes such as expert database, fuzzy neural network algorithm and wavelet transformation that signal is carried out comprehensive analysis and judgement in signal Recognition Algorithm in order to reach very high warning accuracy rate and high orientation precision.Adopt the expert database system that can make to have good self-learning function.The concrete signal that can arrive according to on-site collection is trained under the situation of human intervention in actual applications, and the raising system is to the recognition capability of undesired signal.
Utilizing wavelet transformation mainly is for outstanding waveform sharpness issues.Because the infrasonic wave signal is because frequency is lower, and wavelength is longer, the infrasonic wave signal that upstream and downstream is received carries out the time difference and need find identical point to calculate during location Calculation.By wavelet transformation maximum of points is carried out sharpening.Thereby the time difference that arrives the upstream and downstream detection facility according to same particle (maximum of points) positions calculating.
For better realization the present invention practical application at the scene, preferably also to comprise following content:
When upstream and downstream end installation and measuring equipment, each end is preferably installed two infrasonic sensors when infrasonic sensor is installed, can remove the abnormal situation of system works because operating mode changes effectively by the mode of reverse addition when its objective is the large-signal when utilizing two infrasonic sensors to receive the operating mode change simultaneously.
The Redundancy Design of communication module: because communication applied environment at the scene is comparatively complicated, require again that system can in time send alarm when leak taking place, therefore need the communication failure rate as far as possible little, network delay is short as far as possible, therefore, adopted the comprehensive use of two kinds of communication modules of GPRS and CDMA in the present invention, system can also use more reliable communication scheme instead according to the actual conditions at scene, as adopting fiber optic communications or ethernet communication.
The highi degree of accuracy time service of GPS: it is in order to solve the time synchronization problem of upstream and downstream detection facility that system adopts the GPS time service, and the time service precision of GPS can reach below the 1ns, and system carried out at every interval the time service calibration of a GPS in one hour.
For making the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention can explain more clearly, below with instantiation and with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in detail.
As Fig. 1, Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3, two infrasonic sensors 2 are installed in initial station at pipeline 1, sensor 2 requires to lay and fully contact with the pipeline inner fluid with pipeline 1 is vertical, and two sensors are installed in the pipeline 1 by valve 3 and adpting flange 4, about 40 meters at interval.The signal that sensor receives carries out numeral by preposition signal filtering amplifier processing back output by the A/D conversion chip and transforms and store in the internal memory of DSP (TMS320DSP28335) chip.Because operating mode might produce infrasonic wave signal stronger, that produce when being similar to pipe leakage when adjusting, two sensors oppositely superpose the signal of receiving in proper order, gather through A/D again, can effectively remove the influence of system signal being obtained because of the operating mode adjustment.When any one generation of pipeline is leaked, can produce the acoustic signals that comprises multiple radio-frequency component, after the decay of long distance, the higher part of frequency all will decay to and can't detect, have only frequency can propagate into far distance along with fluid at the acoustic wave segment of 0.05Hz～2Hz, each two sensor that is installed in upstream and downstream can be judged operating mode noise or leakage signal according to the sequencing of the signal that receives, and calculate by the product of the time difference and the velocity of sound and leak the particular location that takes place.
The basic theory of acoustics shows that the velocity of sound is inversely proportional to the density of propagating mass transfer.For one section oil and gas pipeline, fluid density in the pipeline is not to be uniform, if adopting fixedly when positioning calculating, the velocity of sound will produce bigger positioning error, therefore, what adopt when calculating is that the utilization earlier fixedly velocity of sound determines roughly to leak the place that takes place, and has determined the pressure of leakage point, utilize the corresponding relation curve of the velocity of sound and pressure that necessary correction is carried out in the position location, to reach 100 meters with interior positioning error requirement.
Expert database that system adopts and neuron network simulation recognition algorithm can adapt to pipeline operating conditions complicated and changeable better and the pipeline external environment condition is disturbed.In a new system of installing, being difficult to provides the expert database of finishing needed sample material at short notice, therefore needs to use for reference the sample material that similar scene obtains in system after installation and carries out the training and the identification of neuron network.In system's running, the incipient stage of particularly just having put into operation, need combine with the concrete condition at scene, reject false alarm, join in the expert database under the situation of human intervention for the false alarm type that takes place frequently, thereby it is excluded fully, improve the accuracy and the reliability of system alarm.
Think that the data of leakage signal upload on the main control computer by wireless communication module (GPRS and CDMA module) after will the discerning of system.When communication, system will at first select for use wherein a kind of network to connect and upload, and think that then this network communication is not smooth if can't obtain the answer signal of main control computer in scheduled time, select for use another communication network to carry out communication then.
The mode that system adopts solar energy to add storage battery is on-the-spot detection facility power supply, the installation conditions at scene is dropped to minimum, has also improved system's Security at the scene.
As Fig. 4, shown in Figure 5, two that survey at the scene for the present invention leak the infrasonic sound schematic representation.
The infrasonic wave that the present invention sends when detecting pipe leakage is realized the Leak testtion of pipeline.System comprises infrasonic sensor, signal processing and analysis system, power supply system and the communication system that order links to each other.Infrasonic sensor is installed in the inside of pipeline and detects the interior infrasonic wave signal of pipeline in real time, by signal processing and analysis system acquisition infrasonic wave signal and carry out online analytical calculation, the result of discriminatory analysis is uploaded to master-control room by communication system, data are carried out secondary discrimination and final output alarm result on terminal at master-control room.
The main innovative point of the present invention is:
Pipeline can produce the sound wave that comprises various frequencies when taking place to leak, utilize infrasonic wave can propagate into the technical characterstic of far distance, can realize utilizing infrasonic sensor to detect and leak the infrasonic wave signal, thereby the system that can realize effectively detects distance more than 20 kms; Installing of sensor, adopt the mode of two probes.The signal that receives by two sensors oppositely superposes, thereby reaches the purpose of removing noise; The intelligent recognition pattern of signal does not need to carry out human intervention and can obtain alarming result accurately.System applies comprise template matches, neuron network fuzzy diagnosis and wavelet analysis algorithm etc., can be applied to the applied environment of various complexity; The Redundancy Design of system reduces the possibility that the system failure takes place.Field apparatus adopts the backup design, also can guarantee the normal operation of system even certain part breaks down; Adopt the Location accuracy of GPS time service raising system.The time service precision of GPS can be below 10ns, and a general segment length is no more than the pipeline feasible system Location accuracy error of 20 kms below 100 meters; Take the computational methods of the dynamic velocity of sound, revise the position location.
The above; only for the preferable embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and anyly is familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the variation that can expect easily or replacement all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. system that utilizes infrasonic wave to realize pipeline leakage testing, it is characterized in that, on the pipeline that need detect, upstream detection point and detected downstream point are set, at described upstream detection point and detected downstream point place at least one infrasonic sensor is installed respectively, that described infrasonic sensor collects because the infrasonic wave signal that pipe leakage produces is input to the signal processing and analysis system;
Described signal processing and analysis system multiply by the position that sound wave velocity of propagation in fluid is determined the leakage generation according to the time difference that described infrasonic wave signal arrives upstream detection point and detected downstream point, and by communication module and outside interactive information.
2. according to the described system that utilizes infrasonic wave to realize pipeline leakage testing of claim l, it is characterized in that the Hz-KHz of described infrasonic sensor is 0.01Hz～20Hz.
3. the system that utilizes infrasonic wave to realize pipeline leakage testing according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described infrasonic sensor is connected with described signal processing and analysis system by the pre-filtering amplifier;
Described pre-filtering amplifier carries out signal identification to the infrasonic sensor of receiving, therefrom filtering changes the undesired signal that is caused because of working conditions change and external environment, and amplifies.
4. according to claim 1, the 2 or 3 described systems that utilize infrasonic wave to realize pipeline leakage testing, it is characterized in that described upstream detection point and detected downstream point are equipped with two infrasonic sensors respectively;
Can remove because operating mode changes by the mode of reverse addition when described signal processing and analysis system utilizes two infrasonic sensors to receive large-signal when operating mode changes simultaneously and cause the abnormal problem of system works.
5. the system that utilizes infrasonic wave to realize pipeline leakage testing according to claim 4 is characterized in that the spacing between described two infrasonic sensors is a 40-100 rice.
6. the system that utilizes infrasonic wave to realize pipeline leakage testing according to claim 4, it is characterized in that described signal processing and analysis system adopts the signal processing mode of expert database, fuzzy neural network algorithm and wavelet transformation that signal is carried out comprehensive analysis and judgement in signal Recognition Algorithm.
7. the system that utilizes infrasonic wave to realize pipeline leakage testing according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described communication module adopts two kinds of communication modules and the external communication of GPRS and CDMA.
8. the system that utilizes infrasonic wave to realize pipeline leakage testing according to claim 7 is characterized in that described communication module comprises Redundancy Design, and described Redundancy Design comprises fiber optic communications and/or ethernet communication.
9. the system that utilizes infrasonic wave to realize pipeline leakage testing according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, system also comprises the highi degree of accuracy time service of GPS, be used to solve the time synchronization problem of described upstream detection point and detected downstream point, the time service precision of described GPS is below lns, and system carried out at every interval the time service calibration of a GPS in one hour.
10. the system that utilizes infrasonic wave to realize pipeline leakage testing according to claim 9 is characterized in that system comprises that also solar energy adds the storage battery power supply system, is used to on-the-spot detection facility power supply.
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