CN101555991A - Wireless sensor network node device of safety monitoring of natural gas pipe network - Google Patents
Wireless sensor network node device of safety monitoring of natural gas pipe network Download PDFInfo
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- CN101555991A CN101555991A CNA2009100845647A CN200910084564A CN101555991A CN 101555991 A CN101555991 A CN 101555991A CN A2009100845647 A CNA2009100845647 A CN A2009100845647A CN 200910084564 A CN200910084564 A CN 200910084564A CN 101555991 A CN101555991 A CN 101555991A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a sensor network node device of security monitoring of a natural gas pipe network, mainly comprising a power module, a sensor module, a processor module and a wireless communication module. The node acquires parameters related to the security of pipelines and ambient by an acceleration sensor, a gas sensor and a temperature sensor in the sensor module under the control of the processor module; the nodes carry out data interaction by the wireless communication module, construct self-organization and multi-hop wireless sensor network, and finally transmit the information related to the safety at the nodes to a monitoring center. The wireless sensor network technology is adopted to carry out on-line real-time monitoring to the natural gas pipe networks of cities, and can find insecure factors of damage, leakage and the like of the construction in time, improve the security of operation of the natural gas pipe networks and reduce manual maintenance cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless communication field, be specifically related to a kind of wireless sensor network node device of safety monitoring of natural gas pipe network.
Background technique
The rock gas delivery system is one of city " lifeline ", and its main transmission ﹠ distribution mode is a pipeline transmission.Be accompanied by that pipe network becomes increasingly complex, pipeline is more and more longer, the major safety risks problem is more outstanding, and pipe leakage and the explosive accident that causes thus happen occasionally.Therefore, it is significant to ensureing urban safety in time to discern potential safety hazard such as pipeline network leak.
At present, at the safety problem of gas distributing system, main what adopt is the manual inspection method, and promptly the pipe network attendant reaches the spot and adopts various detecting instruments and detect in conjunction with experience.This method efficient is low, real-time is poor, and detection range is limited.Need more human resources for covering big pipe network; Can't onlinely supply with network to whole rock gas in real time and carry out comprehensive monitoring; Early warning is carried out in the blast that can not destroy constructing, little leakage long-term accumulation causes etc.Therefore, press for a kind of efficient, online, real-time safety monitoring of natural gas pipe network technology.
Wireless sensor network (Wireless Sensory Network, be called for short WSN) is to be deployed in great deal of nodes in the monitored area by network system wireless, that the multi-hop mode constitutes, has characteristics such as self-organization, self repair, highly reliable, low cost.The node apparatus of network is gathered the parameter of surrounding environment or monitoring target by sensor, handles then, is sent to adjacent node by wireless mode again, and preferably the network mode by the self-organization multi-hop sends the user to.WSN has application scenarios widely in fields such as environmental monitoring, forest-fire prevention, reading intelligent agriculture, intelligent building, military affairs, health monitoring and Smart Homes.The WSN technology is applied to the safety monitoring of gas distributing system, can solves the deficiency of existing manual inspection mode, have good application prospects.
Node apparatus is the fundamental composition unit of WSN, and many design of node schemes have been arranged at present, as is widely used in the Mica series node of experiment and scientific research field, is applied to the node of environmental monitoring etc.And WSN is applied as traction, and the structure of node apparatus is closely related with concrete application.And yet there are no report at the design of node of this special occasions of safety monitoring of natural gas pipe network.
Summary of the invention
The present invention for solve existing efficient based on manual inspection instrument mode low, non-online, can not the large size monitoring etc. shortcoming, the wireless sensor network node device that is applied to the natural gas line safety monitoring and the monitoring method of a kind of low cost, low power consumption, high efficiency smart are provided.Realized owing to of monitoring and the identification of external force such as construction pipeline damage; Leak the detection of concentration of natural gas; Discern and to set off an explosion or burning fire source and detect whether pyrophoricity accident has taken place by detecting ambient temperature.
The wireless sensor network node device of a kind of safety monitoring of natural gas pipe network of the present invention, mainly by power module, sensor assembly, processor module and wireless communication module totally four parts form.By node being installed on the outer wall of monitored pipeline, in processor module, handle and store by sensor assembly collection pipeline enviromental parameter and with the pipeline environment parameter, send to wireless communication module then, wireless communication module sends to contiguous aggregation node to parameter information according to fixing communication format with wireless mode again.Described power module is used to the whole node device that power supply is provided.
Described aggregation node is arranged on around the pipeline or the position on the pipeline, is used to receive the pipeline environment parameter information that the node apparatus in the certain distance sends, and this information is transmitted to monitoring center.Be meant the effective coverage that node apparatus is communicated by letter with aggregation node foundation in the certain distance.
Processor module of the present invention comprises cpu chip, DLL (dynamic link library) circuit and Flash storage, when sensor node is in programming mode, can download to compiled code on the node Flash storage by the DLL (dynamic link library) circuit by means of serial ports by programming tool, the Flash storage links to each other by the SPI interface with cpu chip;
Described DLL (dynamic link library) circuit is downloaded programming by serial ports of computers, when power-up initializing, the reset signal that cpu chip manually is set is changed to low level, then the MISO of SPI interface is changed to low level, return to the high level maintenance after at least 0.5 second in reset signal, discharge MISO, this moment, node apparatus was in programming mode, by programming tool and by means of serial ports of computers compiled code was downloaded on the Flash storage.
Described Flash storage links to each other by the SPI interface with cpu chip 10, and the SPI interface has guaranteed reliability of data transmission and high speed.
Described power module comprises rechargeable battery, voltage detecting circuit and charging inlet circuit.Rechargeable battery is used to export 3.3V voltage and gives sensor assembly, processor module and wireless communication module; The analog-to-digital conversion ADC passage of voltage detecting circuit and cpu chip joins, and is used to measure the voltage of rechargeable battery, and then obtains dump energy; Rechargeable battery and charging inlet circuit join, when dump energy is not enough, to its charging.
Sensor assembly of the present invention comprises acceleration transducer, gas transducer and temperature transducer, and sensor assembly is subject to processing the device module controls, the enviromental parameter of the natural gas line periphery that is used to sample.Wherein, acceleration transducer is converted into voltage signal with the proportional relation of vibration amplitude with Analysis of Pipe Vibrations, gas transducer is converted into voltage signal with the proportional relation of concentration with the concentration of rock gas, temperature transducer is that digital signal sends cpu chip to the temperature inversion around the pipeline, preceding two kinds of voltage signals are converted into digital signal by the analog-to-digital conversion ADC passage of cpu chip again, these three kinds of signals send wireless communication module to after being handled, preserved by cpu chip, send to contiguous aggregation node by this module again, be sent to monitoring center through aggregation node;
Described acceleration transducer is controlled break-make by cpu chip, thereby the opening/closing acceleration transducer reduces power consumption.Acceleration transducer flows to the analog-to-digital conversion ADC passage of cpu chip collecting oscillating signal with analog form, perhaps flows to the input capture passage of cpu chip with digital form.
Described gas transducer is controlled break-make by cpu chip, thereby the opening/closing gas transducer reduces power consumption.Gas transducer is given the ADC passage of cpu chip the concentration of natural gas signal conveys that collects.
Described temperature transducer obtains Temperature numerical that temperature transducer collect by a general purpose I/O passage in the single bus interface mode by cpu chip.
Described wireless communication module comprises wireless transceiver, Balun device and antenna, wireless transceiver is connected with the Balun device by the peripheral essential resistance capacitance of configuration, the Balun device links to each other with antenna by radio frequency (RF) coaxial connector, under the control of cpu chip, the digital signal of wireless transceiver receiving processor module, and after carrying out impedence matching by the Balun device, launch wirelessly by antenna again.
The wireless sensor network node monitoring method of a kind of safety monitoring of natural gas pipe network of the present invention is divided into five steps and finishes:
Step 1: the layout node apparatus that whenever keeps at a certain distance away outside tube wall after node apparatus is treated network creation, enters standby;
Step 2: in a single day node apparatus detects the incident that satisfies wake-up condition and takes place, and is waken up immediately, and this moment, sensor assembly restarted to gather pipeline ambient condition information parameter, comprised temperature signal, acceleration signal and concentration of natural gas signal;
Step 3: the signal that collects in the step 3 sends to processor module, and processor module becomes digital signal and stores processor to various signal conversion, and node apparatus is provided with address, data format automatically simultaneously;
Step 4: the information after handling in the step 4 is sent to wireless communication module, and wireless communication module sends to contiguous aggregation node with wireless mode again with it, then enters standby;
Step 5: aggregation node sends parameter information to monitoring center again, and this moment, monitoring center will show the parameter information that collects.
When wireless sensor network node device is in the working mechanism of regularly inquiry, node wakes up once at regular intervals automatically, by node apparatus timing acquiring gas distributing system surrounding enviroment parameter of the present invention, send to contiguous aggregation node wirelessly, aggregation node sends parameter information to monitoring center again, this moment, monitoring center will show the parameter information that collects, simultaneously, can set gas distributing system criticality safety value is temperature, concentration of natural gas, the ocsillator strenght parameter, when external force causes Analysis of Pipe Vibrations intensity, when concentration of natural gas or temperature surpassed the above-mentioned parameter of setting, node will be waken up immediately, gathered gas distributing system surrounding enviroment parameter information, through aggregation node warning message is sent to monitoring center, taking immediate steps to the worker provides the action foundation.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) adopt this node apparatus structure wireless sensor network that gas distributing system is carried out safety monitoring, compare with traditional manual inspection mode, the efficient height, detection range is wide, can onlinely supply with network to whole rock gas in real time and carry out comprehensive monitoring, early warning is carried out in the blast that can destroy constructing, little leakage long-term accumulation causes etc.;
(2) the present invention adopts wireless sensor network technology, utilizes powered battery and communication, does not need cable and wiring, disposes flexibly, greatly reduces construction amount;
(3) the present invention adopts modular architecture, is with good expansibility, and realizes gathering the function of other parameter flexibly and easily by changing different sensor assemblies;
(4) can be used to refer to the wireless sensor node development that conducting is used, application person can realize its function by changing different sensor assemblies flexibly and easily according to its special application.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a node apparatus structure composition frame chart of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the data transmission flow process figure of node apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 2 sets up flow through a network figure for node apparatus of the present invention according to the IEEE802.15.4 standard;
Fig. 4 is for using the safety monitoring of natural gas pipe network system construction drawing that node apparatus of the present invention constitutes.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, the wireless sensor network node device of a kind of safety monitoring of natural gas pipe network of the present invention, described node apparatus is mainly by power module 1, sensor assembly 5, processor module 11 and wireless communication module 18 totally four parts are formed, node apparatus of the present invention is installed on the outer wall of monitored pipeline, sensor assembly 5 is gathered pipeline ambient condition information parameter, and all parameters are passed to processor module 11 handle and store, flow to wireless communication module 18 at last, wireless communication module 18 sends to contiguous aggregation node to parameter information according to fixing communication format with wireless mode again.Described power module 1 is used to the whole node device that power supply is provided.
Described aggregation node is arranged on around the pipeline or the position on the pipeline, is used to receive the pipeline environment parameter information that the node apparatus in the certain distance sends, and this information is transmitted to monitoring center.Be meant the effective coverage that node apparatus is communicated by letter with aggregation node foundation in the certain distance.
As shown in Figure 1, processor module 11 of the present invention comprises cpu chip, DLL (dynamic link library) circuit and Flash storage, and cpu chip adopts the high-performance of Britain Jennic company, the 32bit risc processor JN5139 of high integration.
Described DLL (dynamic link library) circuit 13 is downloaded programming by serial ports of computers, when power-up initializing, the reset signal that cpu chip 10 manually is set is changed to low level, then the MISO of SPI interface is changed to low level, return to the high level maintenance after at least 0.5 second in reset signal, discharge MISO, this moment, node apparatus was in programming mode, by programming tool and by means of serial ports of computers compiled code was downloaded on the Flash storage 14.
Described Flash storage 14 links to each other by the SPI interface with cpu chip 10, and the SPI interface has guaranteed reliability of data transmission and high speed.
Described power module 1 comprises rechargeable battery 3, voltage detecting circuit 4 and charging inlet circuit 2.Rechargeable battery 3 is used to export 3.3V voltage and gives sensor assembly 5, processor module 11 and wireless communication module 18; Voltage detecting circuit is used to measure the voltage of rechargeable battery 3, the voltage signal that the records analog-to-digital conversion ADC passage 9 by cpu chip 10 is converted into digital signal, by sending wireless communication module 18 to after cpu chip 10 processing, the storage, send to contiguous aggregation node by this module again, be sent to monitoring center through aggregation node; Rechargeable battery 3 joins with charging inlet circuit 2, when dump energy is not enough, to its charging.
After node apparatus woke up, described acceleration transducer 6 was by cpu chip 10 control break-makes, thus opening/closing acceleration transducer 6.Acceleration transducer 6 flows to the ADC passage 9 of cpu chip 10 collecting oscillating signal with analog form, perhaps flows to the input capture passage 12 of cpu chip 10 with digital form.
Described gas transducer 7 is by cpu chip 10 control break-makes, thereby opening/closing gas transducer 7 reduces power consumption.Gas transducer 7 flows to the gas concentration signal that collects in the ADC passage 9 of cpu chip 10.
Described wake-up condition is meant, the enviromental parameter that the sensor assembly 5 on the node apparatus collects exceeds the external interrupt that the criticality safety value of setting is produced, and perhaps arrives for the time of timing wake-up.
As shown in Figure 2, the sensor network nodes monitoring method of a kind of safety monitoring of natural gas pipe network of the present invention, finish as follows:
Step 1: the layout node apparatus that whenever keeps at a certain distance away outside tube wall after node apparatus is treated network creation, enters standby;
As shown in Figure 3, a kind of safety monitoring of natural gas pipe network sensor network node device of the present invention need be set up network according to the IEEE802.15.4 standard, goes on foot by 7 and finishes:
Step 1: system powers on;
Step 2: the IEEE802.15.4 protocol stack to each equipment carries out initialization;
Step 3: on each network, have and have only people's regional network (Personal Area Network is called for short PAN) telegon one by one; Initialization PAN telegon on the equipment of arranging in advance;
Step 4: network identity PAN ID is set, distinguishes by PAN ID between the network;
Step 5: carry out communication for the network short address of one 16 of each devices allocation as the sign of networking, the network short address of PAN telegon is generally defined as 0x0000;
Step 6:PAN telegon detects by energy scan and finds a relatively quietly rf frequency passage, and utilizes this passage to set up the wireless network of oneself;
Step 7: other network equipments find corresponding PAN telegon by channel scanning after finishing the initialization procedure of oneself, add network through after the authentication, the PAN telegon will send a networking and identify to this equipment this moment, after occurring PAN telegon and at least one other equipment in the network, network just can carry out data transmission.
Step 2: in a single day node apparatus detects the incident that satisfies wake-up condition and takes place, and is waken up immediately, and this moment, sensor assembly 5 began to gather pipeline ambient condition information parameter, comprised temperature signal, acceleration signal and concentration of natural gas signal.
Step 3: the signal that collects in the step 3 sends to processor module 11, and 11 pairs of various signal conversion of processor module become digital signal and stores processor, and node apparatus is provided with address, data format automatically simultaneously.
Step 4: the information after handling in the step 4 is sent to wireless communication module 18, and wireless communication module 18 sends to contiguous aggregation node with wireless mode again with it, then enters standby.
Step 5: aggregation node sends parameter information to monitoring center again, and this moment, monitoring center will show the parameter information that collects.
As shown in Figure 4, when wireless sensor network node device is in the working mechanism of regularly inquiry, node apparatus wakes up once at regular intervals automatically, node apparatus is by sensor assembly 5 timing acquiring gas distributing system surrounding enviroment parameters, and finally send to contiguous aggregation node wirelessly by wireless communication module 18, aggregation node sends parameter information to monitoring center again, this moment, monitoring center will show the parameter information that collects, simultaneously, can set gas distributing system criticality safety value is temperature, concentration of natural gas, the ocsillator strenght parameter, when external force causes Analysis of Pipe Vibrations intensity, when concentration of natural gas or temperature surpass the above-mentioned parameter of setting, node apparatus will be waken up immediately, gather gas distributing system surrounding enviroment parameter information, through aggregation node warning message is sent to monitoring center, taking immediate steps to the worker provides the action foundation.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of wireless sensor network node device of safety monitoring of natural gas pipe network, it is characterized in that: this node apparatus is installed on the outer wall of monitored pipeline, mainly by power module, sensor assembly, processor module and wireless communication module totally four parts form;
Described processor module is responsible for controlling the data capture and the transmission of sensor assembly and wireless communication module; Sensor assembly is gathered the pipeline enviromental parameter and the pipeline environment parameter is handled in processor module and stored, send to wireless communication module then, wireless communication module sends to contiguous aggregation node to parameter information according to fixing communication format with wireless mode again; Described power module is used to the whole node device that power supply is provided.
2, a kind of sensor network node device of safety monitoring of natural gas pipe network according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described processor module comprises cpu chip, DLL (dynamic link library) circuit and Flash storage, described DLL (dynamic link library) circuit is downloaded programming by serial ports of computers, and be stored on the Flash storage, the Flash storage links to each other by the SPI interface with cpu chip.
3, a kind of sensor network node device of safety monitoring of natural gas pipe network according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described power module comprises rechargeable battery, voltage detecting circuit and charging inlet circuit; Rechargeable battery output 3.3V voltage is given sensor assembly, processor module and wireless communication module; The analog-to-digital conversion ADC passage of voltage detecting circuit and cpu chip joins, and is used to measure the voltage of rechargeable battery, and then obtains dump energy; Rechargeable battery and charging inlet circuit join, when dump energy is not enough, to its charging.
4, a kind of sensor network node device of safety monitoring of natural gas pipe network according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described sensor assembly comprises acceleration transducer, gas transducer and temperature transducer, sensor assembly is subject to processing the device module controls, the enviromental parameter of the natural gas line periphery that is used to sample; Wherein, temperature transducer is that digital signal sends cpu chip to the temperature inversion around the pipeline, acceleration transducer is converted into voltage signal with Analysis of Pipe Vibrations, gas transducer is converted into voltage signal with the concentration of rock gas, two kinds of voltage signals are converted into digital signal by the analog-to-digital conversion ADC passage of cpu chip again, these three kinds of digital signals send wireless communication module to after being handled, stored by cpu chip, send to contiguous aggregation node by this module again, be sent to monitoring center through aggregation node.
5, a kind of sensor network node device of safety monitoring of natural gas pipe network according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described wireless communication module comprises wireless transceiver, Balun device and antenna, wireless transceiver is connected with the Balun device by the peripheral essential resistance capacitance of configuration, the Balun device links to each other with antenna by radio frequency (RF) coaxial connector, under the control of cpu chip, the digital signal of wireless transceiver receiving processor module, and after carrying out impedence matching by the Balun device, launch wirelessly by antenna again.
6, a kind of sensor network node device of safety monitoring of natural gas pipe network according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described acceleration transducer is controlled break-make by cpu chip, thereby opening/closing acceleration transducer, acceleration transducer flows to cpu chip with two kinds of forms, described two kinds of forms are respectively: oscillating signal flows to the analog-to-digital conversion ADC passage of cpu chip with analog form, perhaps flows to the input capture passage of cpu chip with digital form.
7, a kind of sensor network nodes monitoring method of safety monitoring of natural gas pipe network is characterized in that:
Step 1: the layout node apparatus that whenever keeps at a certain distance away outside tube wall after node apparatus is treated network creation, enters standby;
Step 2: in a single day node apparatus detects the incident that satisfies wake-up condition and takes place, and is waken up immediately, and this moment, sensor assembly restarted to gather pipeline ambient condition information parameter, comprised temperature signal, acceleration signal and concentration of natural gas signal;
Step 3: the signal that collects in the step 3 sends to processor module, and processor module becomes digital signal and stores processor to various signal conversion, and node apparatus is provided with address, data format automatically simultaneously;
Step 4: the information after handling in the step 4 is sent to wireless communication module, and wireless communication module sends to contiguous aggregation node with wireless mode again with it, then enters standby;
Step 5: aggregation node sends parameter information to monitoring center again, and this moment, monitoring center will show the parameter information that collects.
8, the sensor network nodes monitoring method of a kind of safety monitoring of natural gas pipe network according to claim 7 is characterized in that: described certain distance arranges that node apparatus is meant the effective coverage of communicating by letter with aggregation node foundation.
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