CA1331715C - Process for producing a high total dietary corn fiber - Google Patents
Process for producing a high total dietary corn fiberInfo
- Publication number
- CA1331715C CA1331715C CA000602326A CA602326A CA1331715C CA 1331715 C CA1331715 C CA 1331715C CA 000602326 A CA000602326 A CA 000602326A CA 602326 A CA602326 A CA 602326A CA 1331715 C CA1331715 C CA 1331715C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- hydroclone
- fiber
- corn
- screen
- dietary fiber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 title 1
- 230000000378 dietary effect Effects 0.000 title 1
- 235000013325 dietary fiber Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000001238 wet grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 101000937129 Drosophila melanogaster Cadherin-related tumor suppressor Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001208007 Procas Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000011102 Thera Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000011260 aqueous acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008429 bread Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007073 chemical hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002844 continuous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012041 food component Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005428 food component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000006486 human diet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015099 wheat brans Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/20—Reducing nutritive value; Dietetic products with reduced nutritive value
- A23L33/21—Addition of substantially indigestible substances, e.g. dietary fibres
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/20—Reducing nutritive value; Dietetic products with reduced nutritive value
- A23L33/21—Addition of substantially indigestible substances, e.g. dietary fibres
- A23L33/22—Comminuted fibrous parts of plants, e.g. bagasse or pulp
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/20—Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification
- A23L5/23—Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification by extraction with solvents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L7/00—Cereal-derived products; Malt products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L7/10—Cereal-derived products
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L7/00—Cereal-derived products; Malt products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L7/10—Cereal-derived products
- A23L7/115—Cereal fibre products, e.g. bran, husk
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B15/00—Preparation of other cellulose derivatives or modified cellulose, e.g. complexes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2250/00—Food ingredients
- A23V2250/20—Natural extracts
- A23V2250/21—Plant extracts
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2250/00—Food ingredients
- A23V2250/50—Polysaccharides, gums
- A23V2250/51—Polysaccharide
- A23V2250/5116—Other non-digestible fibres
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2300/00—Processes
- A23V2300/31—Mechanical treatment
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A process for producing corn fiber having a high total dietary fiber content. A dilute aqueous slurry of the corn fiber obtained from the corn wet-milling process is separated by means of a hydroclone to give a fiber fraction of enhanced total dietary fiber content. This fiber fraction may then be passed into a centrifugal paddle screen to give a product of even higher total dietary fiber content.
A process for producing corn fiber having a high total dietary fiber content. A dilute aqueous slurry of the corn fiber obtained from the corn wet-milling process is separated by means of a hydroclone to give a fiber fraction of enhanced total dietary fiber content. This fiber fraction may then be passed into a centrifugal paddle screen to give a product of even higher total dietary fiber content.
Description
1 3 ~ 1 1 1 ') PROCESS FOR PRODUCING A HIGEi TOTAL D:l:E:TARY CORN FIBER
~ his invention relates to a methQd wherein the mixed fiber stream obtained from ths corn wet-milling proces~ is processed to give a product having a high total dietary fiber content.
In recent years, thera ha~ been an increasing awareness of the role that fiber plays in the human diet. Thi stems not only from the role that fiber play~ a~ a bulXing agent, but al~o from the role it i~ believed to play Ln preventin~ disea~e~ of the ga3trointestinal tract.
The dietary fiber from wheat, wheat bran, has been consumed in breakfa~t cereals, whole wheat bread , and similar products for many yesr~. However, there i-~ a recognized need for larger amount~ of fiber to ~upplement proca~æad food~ which are now eaten by a large proportion of the population. For these reasons, food ~upplier~ have sought additional sources of dietary fiber.
One potential source of dietary fiber i~ the corn fiber obtained as a by-product of the wet milling of corn. Howevsr, this product contain~ fairly high percentages of ~tarch and protein.
Such additional components make the fiber les~ ~uitable for use in baking and other food application~. Thi~ h~d led worker~ to look ,~ .. ,.. , . . . . ~
; : . ,.:, " ~
. - . . . ;. . . ..
`` 1331715 for an economical and commercially acceptable proces~ to reduce the amount of starch and protein while increaYing the dietary fiber content of the fiber contained from the corn wet-milling process.
In U.S. Patent 4,181,534, one proce~s i~ di~closed for treating the wet fiber stream obtained from the corn wet-milling proce3~. According to this proce~, the fiber ~tream, while -Qtill wet, i~ abraded by mean~ of a beater or impact mill. The milled product i~ then separated into fractionq with one fraction being an enriched fiber containing a high proportion of pentosan~.
In U.S. Patent 4,181,747, a second proce~s is disclosed for enrLching the fi~er contained from corn and soybeans. In thi~
, .
proce~s, the crude fiber i~ heated with dilute aqueous acid to h~drolyze and di~solve undesired by-pro~uct~. The material i~ then washed exten~ively in order to obtain a fiber of higher dietary fiber content.
Although these prior processes can give an enriched fiber product, there is 3till need for a simple low-cost proce3~ for producing 2 product of dietary fiber content from corn. We have now discovered a ~imple and economical process for enriching the dietary fiber content of corn fiber without the need for a chemical hydrolysis or for an expensive milling operation~ By this process, the corn wet miller can convert in a continuou~ proc2~s a low-value by-product to a food component of much higher value.
F~'.~P ` ' - - `
. -In accordance with thi invention, there i~ provided apro~ess for producing a corn fiber product having a high dietary fiber content which comprises:
a) diluting crude fiber obtained from the corn wet-milling process with water to give an aqueou~ slurry of crude corn fiber with a solids concentration of from about 2% to about 5% by weight;
b) pa sing said aqueous ~lurry of crude corn fiber through a hy~roclone with the operating pressure of said hydroclone ad~usted 80 that from about 65% to about 80% of the volume of the aqueous slurry ente-ing the hydroclone exit~ in the overflo~ ~tream of the hydroclone; and c) separating a corn fiber of high dietary fiber content from said overflow stream.
Alqo provited, in accordance with this i~vention, is a continuous proces~ for producing a corn fiber product having a high dietary fiber contant which comprise~:
a) diluting crude fiber obtained from the ~orn wet~
milling process with water to give an aqueous slurry of crude corn fiber with a ~olid concentration of from about 2~ to about 5% by weight;
b) pa3sing said aqueous 31urry of crude corn fiber through a hydroclone with the oper~ting pressure of said hydroclone ad~usted 80 that from about 65% to abut 80% of the volume of the aqueous slurry entering the hydroclona exit~ in the overflow stream from the hydroclone;
c) pa3~ing said oYerflow stream from the hydroclone into a centrifugal paddle ~creen having screen openings of from about 2 m~ to about 4 ~m, and clearance between the screen and the paddles from about 6 mm to about 15 ~m; and ,. d~ washing the solid separated by the centrifugal paddle ~creen to give a corn fiber fraction of high dietary fiber content.
' '"':
Th~ starting material used in the procs~s of this invent~on i~ the crude mixed fiber strea~ obtained from the corn wet-milling proc~ss. This i~ readily available r~w material produced in large quantities as a by-product of starch production by the wat milling ef corn. For a di cus~ion of the indu~trial corn wet-milling process, 3ee Starch Chemi~try a~d ~echnoloqY, .,.;
,,:
~ 33 1 7 1 5 Whi~tler and Pa~chall, Editor~, Vol. II, Chapter 1, pp. 1-51, Academic Pres~, N.Y. (1967). The fiber produced by this proce~
i8 washed and squeezed or filtered to reduce the content of free moisture to about 5U~ to 60% by weight. In the past, thi~ by-product has generally been mixed with other by-product~ of the milling process and dried for use as animal feed.
The undried mixed fiber stream, having a moisture content of from about 80% to about 90~ by weight, i~ diluted with water to give a ~lurry with a solid~ content of from about 2% to about 5%
by weight. Thi3 aqueous slurry i8 then used in the process of this invention.
, .
The dilute aqueous slurry of corn fiber i8 then passed through a hydroclone. Hydroclones suitabla for use in the process of this invention are well-known item~ of commerce. A particularly su~table hydroclone i~ one available from the Dorr-Oliver Company, Stamford, Connecticut, which has a diameter of about 6 inche3 at the top of its 3-foot length. Such a hydroclone i~ described in detail in U.S. Patent 2,913,112. It has been used for many year~
in the corn w~t-milling industry for the aqueous separation of germ from corn, and its ~tructure i8 described in detail in the chapter from Starch Chemi~try and Technolo~y cited above. A~ noted in that article, batterie~ of the hydroclones may be operated in parallel when it is desired to ~eparate large volume~ of material.
... - - - . .
.... . ....
~. 133l7l5 In the process of this invention, the rate of flow of the aqueous ~lurry of crude corn fiber into the hydroclone and the pressure drop across the hydroclone are so ad~usted that from about 65% to about 80% of the volume of the aqueous ~lurry entering the hydroclone exits in the overflow ~tream of the hydroclone. Under theYe condition~, the pressure drop across the hydroclone is usually between about 8 and 12 psi (0.56-0.9 kg/cm2). The underflow, which contain~ a larger concentration of starch and protein along with ~ome fiber, is returned to the corn wet-milling process where it is combined with the normal by~product~ of the process.
The overflow stream from the hydroclone contain~ coarse solid material which has a much higher dietary fiber content than does the material which passes in the underflow stream of the hydroclone. Th~s coarse ~aterial is then collected and washed on a screen or other device which permit~ removal of finely-divided material. Th~ product obtained in this step generally ha~ a total dietary fiber content of from about 60% to about 85%.
In order to produce a product of even higher total dietary fiber content, the overflow stream from the hydroclone is pa3sed into a centrifugal psddle ~creen where the fiber is further purified giving a product having greater than about 90S total dietary fiber on a dry ~ubstance basis.
~' .
~ ' .
, ,~', . . . .
i~-Various known centrifugal screening devices capable of continuously separating solids and liquids can be employed in this proces~. Generally, such device~ comprise a cylindrical screen, mean~ for imparting centrifugal force to a slurry, and means for removing separated solids from the ~creen. In a large volume industrial process, a commercially-a~ailable centrifugal paddle screen is most suitable.
A con~enient paddle 3creen for this process i~ the Indiana Canning Machine, Model No. 11, obtained from the Indiana Canning Machine Company, Indianapolis, Indiana. It i8 fitted with a screen having openings between about 2 mm and about 4 mm, preferably about 3 mm ln diameter. The cleaxance between the screen and the paddle~ is between about 6 mm and 15 mm, preferably between about 7 mm and 11 mm. Suitable operating speed~ are between about 500 and 1000 revolutions per minute (rpm).
. . ~
The ~olid separated by the centrifugal paddle screen i~
then washed and dried. The washing step is conveniently carried out on a screen bend or on a second centrifugal paddle screen. If a second centrifugal paddle w reen is used, the total dietary fiber content of the product i8 further increased by 2% to 3%. Dried material may be ground to any de~ired size depending on the end use of the product.
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~: ' . A . .
~ 33 ~ 7 1 5 Tha product obtained by thi~ proces~ has a light color, has a bland ta~te, and i~ suitable for u e in a variety of food products. Thu~, a continuous process ha~ been developed, which i~
applicable to a large-scale production of food-grade fiber having a high dietary fiber content which can be prepared from a readily available starting material.
The following examples further illu~trate the present invention and will enable others ~killed in the art to understand it more completely. It ~hould be under tood, however, that the invention i~ not limited solely to the examples given below. In the examples, all percentage~ given are on a weight basi~ unless otherwise indicated. The total dietary fiber values were determined by the method of Procky, et al, J. A~soc. Off. Anal.
Chem., 67, 1044-1051 (1984). They represent the material remaining after the removal of ~tarch, protein, fat, and ash from a given s~mple.
Separate portions of a 10-20% ~olid~ fiber ~tream, obtained during wet milling of corn, were u~ed in the runs described in this example. The fiber ctream was diluted with water to give a ~lurry with a solids concentration of about 2.25% by weight. The dilute aqueous ~lurry of crude corn fiber was then passed through a 6-inch (15.24-cm) diameter hydroclone (DorrClone, ~. ~..~ ,0 .
: . .
~;.. ~ . . .
.
y .. ..
? 33 1 7 1 5 Dorr-Oli~er Company) at a supply rate of about 190 liter~ per minute. The pressure drop across the hydroclone wa~ 8 p3i (0.56 kg/cm2). The volume ratio of the overflow ~tream to the supply ~tream was 0.71. The overflow stream wa~ then pumped through a centrifugal paddle screen (Indiana Canning Machine Company, Model No. 77), fitted with a screen having 3.2-mm diameter opening~ and with a 9.5-mm gap between the paddles and the screen. The machine was operated at a speed of 600 rpm. The dietary fiber which collected on the screen was washed, dried, and analyzed. The result3 of two runs are gi~en in Table I. They demonstrate that when crude fiber ~tream from the corn wet-milling process is sub~ected to the proces~ of thi~ invention, a dietary fiber fraction is obtained which ha~ a dietary fiber content greater than 90%.
TABLE I
. ~
Yield (% of Original TDF') Starch Protein Fat TDF) (% d.b.b)) (% d.b.) (% d.b-) (% d.b-) Starting 46.9 30.1 16.0 1.8 ~aterial Product Run 1 6.5 91.4 4.8 5.1 1.8 Run 2 4.4 92.5 5.7 5.0 2.1 a) TDF - Total Dietary Fiber b) d.b. - dry basis _ g _ 5~
. ':
' ' ' , :i '. . .1: . . , . ', ' . : .
". ~ ' ' , ' . ' :' .
EXAMPLE 2 1 3 3 ~ 7 ~ 5 The general procedure of Example 1 was followed except that the water used for dilution of the crude fiber was process water from the corn wet-milling process. In Runs 3, 4, snd S, the gap between the paddle3 and the ~creen in the paddle-screen apparatus wa~ changed to show the influence of this gap on the quality of the product. In Run~ 6-11, the dietary fiber slurry washed fro~ the ~creen of the first paddle was pa~sed into a second paddle screen before the product wa~ isolated. The result~ of these runs are given in Tabl~ II. Runs 3-5 demon~trate that as the gap between the paddle and the screen in the paddle scrsen is reduced, the percentage of total dietary fiber in the product increases. Runs 7-11, which all employed a gap between the paddle and the ~creen like that of Run 4, demonstrate that passage of the dietary fiber through a second paddle screen gives a product with a ~omewhat higher dietary fiber content than does the process u~ing the same conditions which include3 only one pass through a paddle screen.
.~ . , ... ~
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,.:. : , .. ~, .,~. ~ .
. .
;.. ~.: ......... .
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TABL~ 3 ) 1 ~ t 5 Yield (% of Original~ TDF
Run TDF~) (% d.b. b) 3C~ __ 8~.5 4 5.6 91.1 5C) 4.7 94.4 6 -- 93.4 7 4.0 93.8 8 5.0 93.1 9 7.0 92.8 5.2 9~.2 11 7.8 92.1 a) TDF = Total Dietary Fiber b) d.b. = dry ba~is c) In Runs 3 and 5, the gap between the paddle~
and screen was 13 mm and 6.4 mm, re~pectively.
In all other run~, the gap was 9.5 mm.
d) Average of five batch washe~. Runs 7-11 were wa hed continuously on tha paddle screen.
EXAMPLE_3 A crude corn fiber stream as i~ Example 1 was diluted with water to give a slurry with a ~olid concen~r~tion o~ about 2S by w~ight. The dilute aqueous slurry of crude corn fiber was then pa~sed through the hydroclone as in ~xample 1. In the various runs, th~ pre~sure drop across the hydroclone wa~ between 0.7 and 0.9 kg!cm2. Ths volume ratio of the overflow strea~ to the supply stream was about 0.65. The results of four run3 are givan in Table III.
E~
r ~
Yield ( % of Origir~al ) TI~F
Run TDF~) ( % d . b .
12 6 . 5 85 . 6 13 9.4 81.7 14 6.6 84.1 3.6 84.3 a ) TDF = Total Dietary Fiber b) d.b. = dry basi~
. . . .
~ his invention relates to a methQd wherein the mixed fiber stream obtained from ths corn wet-milling proces~ is processed to give a product having a high total dietary fiber content.
In recent years, thera ha~ been an increasing awareness of the role that fiber plays in the human diet. Thi stems not only from the role that fiber play~ a~ a bulXing agent, but al~o from the role it i~ believed to play Ln preventin~ disea~e~ of the ga3trointestinal tract.
The dietary fiber from wheat, wheat bran, has been consumed in breakfa~t cereals, whole wheat bread , and similar products for many yesr~. However, there i-~ a recognized need for larger amount~ of fiber to ~upplement proca~æad food~ which are now eaten by a large proportion of the population. For these reasons, food ~upplier~ have sought additional sources of dietary fiber.
One potential source of dietary fiber i~ the corn fiber obtained as a by-product of the wet milling of corn. Howevsr, this product contain~ fairly high percentages of ~tarch and protein.
Such additional components make the fiber les~ ~uitable for use in baking and other food application~. Thi~ h~d led worker~ to look ,~ .. ,.. , . . . . ~
; : . ,.:, " ~
. - . . . ;. . . ..
`` 1331715 for an economical and commercially acceptable proces~ to reduce the amount of starch and protein while increaYing the dietary fiber content of the fiber contained from the corn wet-milling process.
In U.S. Patent 4,181,534, one proce~s i~ di~closed for treating the wet fiber stream obtained from the corn wet-milling proce3~. According to this proce~, the fiber ~tream, while -Qtill wet, i~ abraded by mean~ of a beater or impact mill. The milled product i~ then separated into fractionq with one fraction being an enriched fiber containing a high proportion of pentosan~.
In U.S. Patent 4,181,747, a second proce~s is disclosed for enrLching the fi~er contained from corn and soybeans. In thi~
, .
proce~s, the crude fiber i~ heated with dilute aqueous acid to h~drolyze and di~solve undesired by-pro~uct~. The material i~ then washed exten~ively in order to obtain a fiber of higher dietary fiber content.
Although these prior processes can give an enriched fiber product, there is 3till need for a simple low-cost proce3~ for producing 2 product of dietary fiber content from corn. We have now discovered a ~imple and economical process for enriching the dietary fiber content of corn fiber without the need for a chemical hydrolysis or for an expensive milling operation~ By this process, the corn wet miller can convert in a continuou~ proc2~s a low-value by-product to a food component of much higher value.
F~'.~P ` ' - - `
. -In accordance with thi invention, there i~ provided apro~ess for producing a corn fiber product having a high dietary fiber content which comprises:
a) diluting crude fiber obtained from the corn wet-milling process with water to give an aqueou~ slurry of crude corn fiber with a solids concentration of from about 2% to about 5% by weight;
b) pa sing said aqueous ~lurry of crude corn fiber through a hy~roclone with the operating pressure of said hydroclone ad~usted 80 that from about 65% to about 80% of the volume of the aqueous slurry ente-ing the hydroclone exit~ in the overflo~ ~tream of the hydroclone; and c) separating a corn fiber of high dietary fiber content from said overflow stream.
Alqo provited, in accordance with this i~vention, is a continuous proces~ for producing a corn fiber product having a high dietary fiber contant which comprise~:
a) diluting crude fiber obtained from the ~orn wet~
milling process with water to give an aqueous slurry of crude corn fiber with a ~olid concentration of from about 2~ to about 5% by weight;
b) pa3sing said aqueous 31urry of crude corn fiber through a hydroclone with the oper~ting pressure of said hydroclone ad~usted 80 that from about 65% to abut 80% of the volume of the aqueous slurry entering the hydroclona exit~ in the overflow stream from the hydroclone;
c) pa3~ing said oYerflow stream from the hydroclone into a centrifugal paddle ~creen having screen openings of from about 2 m~ to about 4 ~m, and clearance between the screen and the paddles from about 6 mm to about 15 ~m; and ,. d~ washing the solid separated by the centrifugal paddle ~creen to give a corn fiber fraction of high dietary fiber content.
' '"':
Th~ starting material used in the procs~s of this invent~on i~ the crude mixed fiber strea~ obtained from the corn wet-milling proc~ss. This i~ readily available r~w material produced in large quantities as a by-product of starch production by the wat milling ef corn. For a di cus~ion of the indu~trial corn wet-milling process, 3ee Starch Chemi~try a~d ~echnoloqY, .,.;
,,:
~ 33 1 7 1 5 Whi~tler and Pa~chall, Editor~, Vol. II, Chapter 1, pp. 1-51, Academic Pres~, N.Y. (1967). The fiber produced by this proce~
i8 washed and squeezed or filtered to reduce the content of free moisture to about 5U~ to 60% by weight. In the past, thi~ by-product has generally been mixed with other by-product~ of the milling process and dried for use as animal feed.
The undried mixed fiber stream, having a moisture content of from about 80% to about 90~ by weight, i~ diluted with water to give a ~lurry with a solid~ content of from about 2% to about 5%
by weight. Thi3 aqueous slurry i8 then used in the process of this invention.
, .
The dilute aqueous slurry of corn fiber i8 then passed through a hydroclone. Hydroclones suitabla for use in the process of this invention are well-known item~ of commerce. A particularly su~table hydroclone i~ one available from the Dorr-Oliver Company, Stamford, Connecticut, which has a diameter of about 6 inche3 at the top of its 3-foot length. Such a hydroclone i~ described in detail in U.S. Patent 2,913,112. It has been used for many year~
in the corn w~t-milling industry for the aqueous separation of germ from corn, and its ~tructure i8 described in detail in the chapter from Starch Chemi~try and Technolo~y cited above. A~ noted in that article, batterie~ of the hydroclones may be operated in parallel when it is desired to ~eparate large volume~ of material.
... - - - . .
.... . ....
~. 133l7l5 In the process of this invention, the rate of flow of the aqueous ~lurry of crude corn fiber into the hydroclone and the pressure drop across the hydroclone are so ad~usted that from about 65% to about 80% of the volume of the aqueous ~lurry entering the hydroclone exits in the overflow ~tream of the hydroclone. Under theYe condition~, the pressure drop across the hydroclone is usually between about 8 and 12 psi (0.56-0.9 kg/cm2). The underflow, which contain~ a larger concentration of starch and protein along with ~ome fiber, is returned to the corn wet-milling process where it is combined with the normal by~product~ of the process.
The overflow stream from the hydroclone contain~ coarse solid material which has a much higher dietary fiber content than does the material which passes in the underflow stream of the hydroclone. Th~s coarse ~aterial is then collected and washed on a screen or other device which permit~ removal of finely-divided material. Th~ product obtained in this step generally ha~ a total dietary fiber content of from about 60% to about 85%.
In order to produce a product of even higher total dietary fiber content, the overflow stream from the hydroclone is pa3sed into a centrifugal psddle ~creen where the fiber is further purified giving a product having greater than about 90S total dietary fiber on a dry ~ubstance basis.
~' .
~ ' .
, ,~', . . . .
i~-Various known centrifugal screening devices capable of continuously separating solids and liquids can be employed in this proces~. Generally, such device~ comprise a cylindrical screen, mean~ for imparting centrifugal force to a slurry, and means for removing separated solids from the ~creen. In a large volume industrial process, a commercially-a~ailable centrifugal paddle screen is most suitable.
A con~enient paddle 3creen for this process i~ the Indiana Canning Machine, Model No. 11, obtained from the Indiana Canning Machine Company, Indianapolis, Indiana. It i8 fitted with a screen having openings between about 2 mm and about 4 mm, preferably about 3 mm ln diameter. The cleaxance between the screen and the paddle~ is between about 6 mm and 15 mm, preferably between about 7 mm and 11 mm. Suitable operating speed~ are between about 500 and 1000 revolutions per minute (rpm).
. . ~
The ~olid separated by the centrifugal paddle screen i~
then washed and dried. The washing step is conveniently carried out on a screen bend or on a second centrifugal paddle screen. If a second centrifugal paddle w reen is used, the total dietary fiber content of the product i8 further increased by 2% to 3%. Dried material may be ground to any de~ired size depending on the end use of the product.
? ~
~: ' . A . .
~ 33 ~ 7 1 5 Tha product obtained by thi~ proces~ has a light color, has a bland ta~te, and i~ suitable for u e in a variety of food products. Thu~, a continuous process ha~ been developed, which i~
applicable to a large-scale production of food-grade fiber having a high dietary fiber content which can be prepared from a readily available starting material.
The following examples further illu~trate the present invention and will enable others ~killed in the art to understand it more completely. It ~hould be under tood, however, that the invention i~ not limited solely to the examples given below. In the examples, all percentage~ given are on a weight basi~ unless otherwise indicated. The total dietary fiber values were determined by the method of Procky, et al, J. A~soc. Off. Anal.
Chem., 67, 1044-1051 (1984). They represent the material remaining after the removal of ~tarch, protein, fat, and ash from a given s~mple.
Separate portions of a 10-20% ~olid~ fiber ~tream, obtained during wet milling of corn, were u~ed in the runs described in this example. The fiber ctream was diluted with water to give a ~lurry with a solids concentration of about 2.25% by weight. The dilute aqueous ~lurry of crude corn fiber was then passed through a 6-inch (15.24-cm) diameter hydroclone (DorrClone, ~. ~..~ ,0 .
: . .
~;.. ~ . . .
.
y .. ..
? 33 1 7 1 5 Dorr-Oli~er Company) at a supply rate of about 190 liter~ per minute. The pressure drop across the hydroclone wa~ 8 p3i (0.56 kg/cm2). The volume ratio of the overflow ~tream to the supply ~tream was 0.71. The overflow stream wa~ then pumped through a centrifugal paddle screen (Indiana Canning Machine Company, Model No. 77), fitted with a screen having 3.2-mm diameter opening~ and with a 9.5-mm gap between the paddles and the screen. The machine was operated at a speed of 600 rpm. The dietary fiber which collected on the screen was washed, dried, and analyzed. The result3 of two runs are gi~en in Table I. They demonstrate that when crude fiber ~tream from the corn wet-milling process is sub~ected to the proces~ of thi~ invention, a dietary fiber fraction is obtained which ha~ a dietary fiber content greater than 90%.
TABLE I
. ~
Yield (% of Original TDF') Starch Protein Fat TDF) (% d.b.b)) (% d.b.) (% d.b-) (% d.b-) Starting 46.9 30.1 16.0 1.8 ~aterial Product Run 1 6.5 91.4 4.8 5.1 1.8 Run 2 4.4 92.5 5.7 5.0 2.1 a) TDF - Total Dietary Fiber b) d.b. - dry basis _ g _ 5~
. ':
' ' ' , :i '. . .1: . . , . ', ' . : .
". ~ ' ' , ' . ' :' .
EXAMPLE 2 1 3 3 ~ 7 ~ 5 The general procedure of Example 1 was followed except that the water used for dilution of the crude fiber was process water from the corn wet-milling process. In Runs 3, 4, snd S, the gap between the paddle3 and the ~creen in the paddle-screen apparatus wa~ changed to show the influence of this gap on the quality of the product. In Run~ 6-11, the dietary fiber slurry washed fro~ the ~creen of the first paddle was pa~sed into a second paddle screen before the product wa~ isolated. The result~ of these runs are given in Tabl~ II. Runs 3-5 demon~trate that as the gap between the paddle and the screen in the paddle scrsen is reduced, the percentage of total dietary fiber in the product increases. Runs 7-11, which all employed a gap between the paddle and the ~creen like that of Run 4, demonstrate that passage of the dietary fiber through a second paddle screen gives a product with a ~omewhat higher dietary fiber content than does the process u~ing the same conditions which include3 only one pass through a paddle screen.
.~ . , ... ~
,,; ~ .
,.:. : , .. ~, .,~. ~ .
. .
;.. ~.: ......... .
.. . . .
TABL~ 3 ) 1 ~ t 5 Yield (% of Original~ TDF
Run TDF~) (% d.b. b) 3C~ __ 8~.5 4 5.6 91.1 5C) 4.7 94.4 6 -- 93.4 7 4.0 93.8 8 5.0 93.1 9 7.0 92.8 5.2 9~.2 11 7.8 92.1 a) TDF = Total Dietary Fiber b) d.b. = dry ba~is c) In Runs 3 and 5, the gap between the paddle~
and screen was 13 mm and 6.4 mm, re~pectively.
In all other run~, the gap was 9.5 mm.
d) Average of five batch washe~. Runs 7-11 were wa hed continuously on tha paddle screen.
EXAMPLE_3 A crude corn fiber stream as i~ Example 1 was diluted with water to give a slurry with a ~olid concen~r~tion o~ about 2S by w~ight. The dilute aqueous slurry of crude corn fiber was then pa~sed through the hydroclone as in ~xample 1. In the various runs, th~ pre~sure drop across the hydroclone wa~ between 0.7 and 0.9 kg!cm2. Ths volume ratio of the overflow strea~ to the supply stream was about 0.65. The results of four run3 are givan in Table III.
E~
r ~
Yield ( % of Origir~al ) TI~F
Run TDF~) ( % d . b .
12 6 . 5 85 . 6 13 9.4 81.7 14 6.6 84.1 3.6 84.3 a ) TDF = Total Dietary Fiber b) d.b. = dry basi~
. . . .
Claims (6)
1. A continuous process for producing a corn fiber product having a high dietary fiber content which comprises:
a) diluting crude fiber obtained from the corn wet-milling process with water to give an aqueous slurry of crude corn fiber with a solids concentration of from about 2% to about 5% by weight;
b) passing said aqueous slurry of crude corn fiber through a hydroclone with the operating pressure of said hydroclone adjusted so that from about 65% to about 80% of the volume of the aqueous slurry entering the hydroclone exits in the overflow stream from the hydroclone;
c) passing said overflow stream from the hydroclone into a centrifugal paddle screen having screen openings of from about 2 mm to about 4 mm, and clearance between the screen and the paddle from about 6 mm to About 15 mm;
and d) washing the solid separated by the centrifugal paddle screen to give a corn fiber fraction of high dietary fiber content.
a) diluting crude fiber obtained from the corn wet-milling process with water to give an aqueous slurry of crude corn fiber with a solids concentration of from about 2% to about 5% by weight;
b) passing said aqueous slurry of crude corn fiber through a hydroclone with the operating pressure of said hydroclone adjusted so that from about 65% to about 80% of the volume of the aqueous slurry entering the hydroclone exits in the overflow stream from the hydroclone;
c) passing said overflow stream from the hydroclone into a centrifugal paddle screen having screen openings of from about 2 mm to about 4 mm, and clearance between the screen and the paddle from about 6 mm to About 15 mm;
and d) washing the solid separated by the centrifugal paddle screen to give a corn fiber fraction of high dietary fiber content.
2. The process of claim 1 wherein the operating pressure of the hydroclone used in Step b) is adjusted so that the pressure drop across the hydroclone is between about 0.56 kg/cm2 and 0.9 kg/cm2.
3. The process of claim 1 wherein the screen openings of the centrifugal paddle screen used in Step c) are about 3 mm.
4. The process of claim 1 wherein the clearance between the screen and the paddles of the centrifugal paddle screen used in Step c) is between about 7 mm and 11 mm.
5. A process for producing a corn fiber product having a high dietary fiber content which comprises:
a) diluting crude fiber obtained from the corn wet-milling process with water to give an aqueous slurry of crude corn fiber with a solids concentration of from about 2% to about 5% by weight;
b) passing said aqueous slurry of crude corn fiber through a hydroclone with the operating pressure of said hydroclone adjusted so that from about 65% to about 80% of the volume of the aqueous slurry entering the hydroclone exits in the overflow stream of the hydroclone;
and c) separating a corn fiber of high dietary fiber content from said overflow stream.
a) diluting crude fiber obtained from the corn wet-milling process with water to give an aqueous slurry of crude corn fiber with a solids concentration of from about 2% to about 5% by weight;
b) passing said aqueous slurry of crude corn fiber through a hydroclone with the operating pressure of said hydroclone adjusted so that from about 65% to about 80% of the volume of the aqueous slurry entering the hydroclone exits in the overflow stream of the hydroclone;
and c) separating a corn fiber of high dietary fiber content from said overflow stream.
6. The process of claim 5 wherein the operating pressure of the hydroclone used in Step b) is adjusted so that the pressure drop across the hydroclone is between about 0.56 kg/cm2 and 0.9 kg/cm2.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07/211,188 US4994115A (en) | 1988-06-23 | 1988-06-23 | Process for producing a high total dietary corn fiber |
| US211,188 | 1988-06-23 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1331715C true CA1331715C (en) | 1994-08-30 |
Family
ID=22785905
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000602326A Expired - Lifetime CA1331715C (en) | 1988-06-23 | 1989-06-09 | Process for producing a high total dietary corn fiber |
Country Status (16)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US4994115A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0347919B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2721549B2 (en) |
| KR (2) | KR0145407B1 (en) |
| AR (1) | AR244955A1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE80010T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU616531B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1331715C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE68902694T2 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK308989A (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2034515T3 (en) |
| GR (1) | GR3005583T3 (en) |
| IE (1) | IE63222B1 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX164176B (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ229362A (en) |
| PT (1) | PT90909B (en) |
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| US4994115A (en) * | 1988-06-23 | 1991-02-19 | Cpc International Inc. | Process for producing a high total dietary corn fiber |
| CA2041635C (en) * | 1990-05-03 | 2002-06-11 | J.E. Todd Geisfeldt | Improved process for producing a high total dietary corn fiber |
| US5085883A (en) * | 1991-06-27 | 1992-02-04 | Abbott Laboratories | Blend of dietary fiber for nutritional products |
| US5104677A (en) * | 1991-06-27 | 1992-04-14 | Abbott Laboratories | Liquid nutritional product |
| US5104676A (en) * | 1991-06-27 | 1992-04-14 | Abbott Laboratories | Weight control product |
| DE4218667A1 (en) * | 1992-06-05 | 1993-12-09 | Dorr Oliver Deutschland | Starch precipitation process |
| US6368443B1 (en) | 1993-01-28 | 2002-04-09 | Corn Products International, Inc. | Starch-hemicellulose adhesive for high speed corrugating |
| US5358559A (en) * | 1993-01-28 | 1994-10-25 | Cpc International Inc. | Starch-hemicellulose adhesive for high speed corrugating |
| US5503668A (en) * | 1993-01-28 | 1996-04-02 | Cpc International Inc. | Corrugating adhesive incorporating solubilized cellulosic fiber and polyvinyl alcohol |
| US6287412B1 (en) | 1993-01-28 | 2001-09-11 | Cpc International, Inc. | High speed corrugating adhesive incorporating solubilized cellulosic fiber |
| US5662810A (en) * | 1995-08-29 | 1997-09-02 | Willgohs; Ralph H. | Method and apparatus for efficiently dewatering corn stillage and other materials |
| US5843499A (en) * | 1995-12-08 | 1998-12-01 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture | Corn fiber oil its preparation and use |
| US5932018A (en) * | 1998-01-26 | 1999-08-03 | Betzdearborn Inc. | Treatments to improve yields in the wet milling of corn |
| US5997652A (en) * | 1998-06-18 | 1999-12-07 | Potter; J. Leon | Food starch processing method and apparatus |
| US6589760B1 (en) | 1999-02-10 | 2003-07-08 | Eastman Chemical Company | Methods of separating a corn fiber lipid fraction from corn fiber |
| US6254914B1 (en) * | 1999-07-02 | 2001-07-03 | The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Illinois | Process for recovery of corn coarse fiber (pericarp) |
| PL355108A1 (en) * | 1999-10-15 | 2004-04-05 | Cargill, Incorporated | Fibers from plant seeds and use |
| US6936294B2 (en) * | 2001-12-04 | 2005-08-30 | Satake Usa, Inc. | Corn degermination process |
| US20070149657A1 (en) * | 2002-11-22 | 2007-06-28 | Roman Skuratowicz | Corrugating adhesives for bonding coated papers and methods for bonding coated papers |
| US6899910B2 (en) * | 2003-06-12 | 2005-05-31 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture | Processes for recovery of corn germ and optionally corn coarse fiber (pericarp) |
| US20070020375A1 (en) * | 2005-07-20 | 2007-01-25 | Robert Jansen | Corn wet milling process |
| US20090258106A1 (en) * | 2005-07-20 | 2009-10-15 | Robert Jansen | Corn Wet Milling Process |
| EP1902825B1 (en) * | 2006-09-20 | 2011-11-09 | ECON Maschinenbau und Steuerungstechnik GmbH | Apparatus for dewatering and drying solid materials, especially plastics pelletized using an underwater granulator |
| JP4660457B2 (en) * | 2006-12-08 | 2011-03-30 | 日本コーンスターチ株式会社 | Method for producing L-arabinose-containing composition |
| US20090134084A1 (en) * | 2007-03-09 | 2009-05-28 | Braden Michael R | Chlorinator system for wastewater treatment systems |
| US20080226784A1 (en) * | 2007-03-15 | 2008-09-18 | Satake Usa, Inc. | Corn mill having increased through production |
| EP2181194A1 (en) * | 2007-08-03 | 2010-05-05 | Tate & Lyle Ingredients Americas, Inc. | Cereal refining process |
| WO2009094418A2 (en) * | 2008-01-24 | 2009-07-30 | Tate And Lyle Ingredients Americas, Inc. | Corn wet milling process |
| PT104691B (en) | 2009-07-28 | 2013-04-22 | Univ Tras Os Montes E Alto Douro | PROCESS OF OBTAINING DIETARY FIBER FROM MUSHROOMS AND THEIR FIBER |
| US20120301597A1 (en) * | 2011-05-24 | 2012-11-29 | Poet Research, Inc. | Systems and methods for producing a composition of fiber |
| WO2014144574A1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-18 | Icm, Inc. | Cellulosic biofuel |
| US10648131B2 (en) | 2014-05-01 | 2020-05-12 | Poet Research, Inc. | Methods of processing plant fiber, and related systems and compositions |
| US20200009573A1 (en) * | 2016-09-16 | 2020-01-09 | Novozymes A/S | Fiber Washing Method and System |
| JP7391827B2 (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2023-12-05 | ノボザイムス アクティーゼルスカブ | GH5 and GH30 in wet milling |
| CN108211511A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-06-29 | 横县东糖糖业有限公司 | The centrifugal filtration automatic control system of cane sugar factory mud juice |
| CN108295554B (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2020-09-22 | 横县东糖糖业有限公司 | Centrifugal filtration system of cane sugar factory mud juice |
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| US2772990A (en) * | 1951-09-05 | 1956-12-04 | Stamicarbon | Corn-starch process involving vortical classification |
| US2913112A (en) * | 1956-11-26 | 1959-11-17 | Dorr Oliver Inc | Hydrocyclone control |
| US3029169A (en) * | 1958-11-24 | 1962-04-10 | Corn Products Co | Wet starch impact milling process |
| US3813298A (en) * | 1970-12-18 | 1974-05-28 | V Chwalek | Dual screening process for separating starch particles and fibers |
| US4144087A (en) * | 1976-10-22 | 1979-03-13 | Cpc International Inc. | System for separating mill starch to obtain a protein-rich product and a starch-rich product |
| US4181534A (en) * | 1977-09-12 | 1980-01-01 | Cpc International Inc. | Process for producing a clean pentosan enriched pericarp |
| US4181747A (en) * | 1977-11-07 | 1980-01-01 | A. E. Staley Manufacturing Company | Processed vegetable seed fiber for food products |
| US4207118A (en) * | 1978-12-18 | 1980-06-10 | Dorr-Oliver Incorporated | Corn wet milling system and process for manufacturing starch |
| US4244748A (en) * | 1979-01-22 | 1981-01-13 | Cpc International Inc. | Method for separating mill starch to obtain a protein-rich product and a starch-rich product |
| US4565702A (en) * | 1984-06-04 | 1986-01-21 | Warner-Lambert Company | Dietary fiber food products and method of manufacture |
| US4619831A (en) * | 1984-06-04 | 1986-10-28 | Warner-Lambert Company | Dietary fiber composition and process of manufacture |
| JPH0789886B2 (en) * | 1985-02-16 | 1995-10-04 | 日本食品化工株式会社 | Mutagenic inactivating agent and mutagen inactivating method |
| US4757948A (en) * | 1987-02-05 | 1988-07-19 | Cpc International Inc. | Process for producing a high total dietary corn fiber |
| US4994115A (en) * | 1988-06-23 | 1991-02-19 | Cpc International Inc. | Process for producing a high total dietary corn fiber |
-
1988
- 1988-06-23 US US07/211,188 patent/US4994115A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1989
- 1989-05-31 NZ NZ229362A patent/NZ229362A/en unknown
- 1989-06-09 CA CA000602326A patent/CA1331715C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-06-12 IE IE185489A patent/IE63222B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-06-16 AU AU36472/89A patent/AU616531B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1989-06-20 PT PT90909A patent/PT90909B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-06-22 JP JP1158473A patent/JP2721549B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-06-22 KR KR1019890008662A patent/KR0145407B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-06-22 EP EP89111403A patent/EP0347919B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-06-22 MX MX16575A patent/MX164176B/en unknown
- 1989-06-22 AT AT89111403T patent/ATE80010T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-06-22 DE DE8989111403T patent/DE68902694T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-06-22 DK DK308989A patent/DK308989A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1989-06-22 ES ES198989111403T patent/ES2034515T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-06-23 AR AR89314241A patent/AR244955A1/en active
-
1990
- 1990-05-03 US US07/518,723 patent/US5073201A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1991
- 1991-05-03 KR KR1019910007219A patent/KR0175664B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1992
- 1992-09-03 GR GR920401322T patent/GR3005583T3/el unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DK308989D0 (en) | 1989-06-22 |
| JPH0246270A (en) | 1990-02-15 |
| DE68902694D1 (en) | 1992-10-08 |
| ATE80010T1 (en) | 1992-09-15 |
| AU616531B2 (en) | 1991-10-31 |
| KR0145407B1 (en) | 1998-07-01 |
| US4994115A (en) | 1991-02-19 |
| EP0347919A1 (en) | 1989-12-27 |
| US5073201A (en) | 1991-12-17 |
| KR0175664B1 (en) | 1999-02-01 |
| ES2034515T3 (en) | 1993-04-01 |
| JP2721549B2 (en) | 1998-03-04 |
| KR910019539A (en) | 1991-12-19 |
| PT90909B (en) | 1994-12-30 |
| DK308989A (en) | 1989-12-24 |
| DE68902694T2 (en) | 1993-01-28 |
| MX164176B (en) | 1992-07-22 |
| KR910000040A (en) | 1991-01-29 |
| AR244955A1 (en) | 1993-12-30 |
| AU3647289A (en) | 1990-01-04 |
| IE63222B1 (en) | 1995-04-05 |
| IE891854L (en) | 1989-12-23 |
| GR3005583T3 (en) | 1993-06-07 |
| NZ229362A (en) | 1991-08-27 |
| PT90909A (en) | 1989-12-29 |
| EP0347919B1 (en) | 1992-09-02 |
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