Thermo-mechanical cracking and hydrogenation

United States Patent

Ellingsen

[19]

US005914027A [ii] Patent Number: [45] Date of Patent:

5,914,027 Jun. 22,1999

[54] THERMO-MECHANICAL CRACKING AND HYDROGENATION

[75] Inventor: Olav Ellingsen, Flor0, Norway

[73] Assignee: Thermtech A/S, Kokstad, Norway

[21] Appl. No.: 08/814,333 [22] Filed: Mar. 11, 1997

Related U.S. Application Data

[63] Continuation of application No. PCT/NO95/00157, Sep. 8, 1995.

[30] Foreign Application Priority Data

Sep. 12, 1994 [NO] Norway 943367

[51] Int. CI.6 C10G 47/30

[52] U.S. CI 208/126; 208/127; 208/130;

208/107

[58] Field of Search 208/126, 127,

208/130, 107

[56] References Cited

U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS

3,282,826 11/1966 Winkler 208/8

3,963,598 6/1976 Manowitz et al. .

4,250,015 2/1981 Yang et al 208/10

4,287,157 9/1981 Koch 422/205

4.316,873 2/1982 Koch .

4.344.835 8/1982 Koch .

4.344.836 8/1982 Koch 208/8 R

FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS

175847 12/1994 Norway . 9408680 4/1994 WIPO . WO 94/08680 4/1994 WIPO .

OTHER PUBLICATIONS

Abstract ol (DE 3300365), Title: Carbonisation ol ol Residue
From Hydrogenation ol Heavy Oil or Coal-In Rotating
Drum, Heated in Rotating Drum, Heated Internally by
Heated Carbonisation Prod. Gas, Jul. 12, 1984.

Primary Examiner—-Walter D. Griffin
Assistant Examiner—Nadine Preisch

Attorney, Agent, or Firm—Merchant, Gould, Smith, Edell,
Welter & Schmidt

[57] ABSTRACT

A method for thermo-mechanical cracking and hydrogenation ol chemical substances such as hydrocarbons in liquid or solid form, waxes, carbonates, lime, oil-shale, oil-sand, oily residue from refineries and crude tank bottoms, plast and the like. The cracking and the hydrogenating ol the substances in the presence ol hydrogen releasing chemicals as water is performed in a mechanical established fluidized bed (8) ol fine grained solids where the mechanical action in the fluidized bed (8) generates the heat participating in the cracking in addition to the mechanical action to the substances whereby the cracking in the cavitating micro bubbles and the hydrogenation takes place in the reactor (1) with an overall temperature and pressure lower than by conventional cracking and/or hydrogenation processes.

4 Claims, 9 Drawing Sheets