Electrospray ionization emitter arrays, as well as methods for forming electrosprays, are described. The arrays are characterized by a radial configuration of three or more nano-electrospray ionization emitters without an extractor electrode. The methods are characterized by distributing fluid flow of...http://www.google.ca/patents/US7816645?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US7816645 - Radial arrays of nano-electrospray ionization emitters and methods of forming electrosprays