A clinical programming system is disclosed for use with an implanted cardiac pacemaker to automatically determine the minimum pacing energy which is necessary to evoke an atrial depolarization. The system utilizes a series of pacing pulses of progressively decreasing energies to stimulate the atrium...http://www.google.ca/patents/US5476486?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US5476486 - Automatic atrial pacing pulse threshold determination utilizing an external programmer and a V-sense electrode