Methods and apparatus for administering known quantities of medicaments by iontophoresis, while avoiding burns caused by extremes in the pH of the medicament medium during passage of an electric current, are disclosed. It is known that as iontophoresis progresses in conventional iontophoresis systems,...http://www.google.ca/patents/US4915685?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US4915685 - Methods and apparatus for iontophoresis application of medicaments at a controlled ph through ion exchange