A method for forming an index grating in an optical waveguide, such as an optical fiber, with precise control over the grating's period, cross-sectional shape and length. A single writing beam is passed through an optical grating mask, such as a phase mask. A photosensitive waveguide is spaced from the...http://www.google.ca/patents/US5604829?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US5604829 - Optical waveguide with diffraction grating and method of forming the same