WO2012166663A1 - Remotely activatable locator with backchannel - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for use in emergency services to a locator device comprises remotely triggering the locator device. This causes the locator device to employ a first wireless transceiver to communicate with a control center and to employ a second wireless transceiver to initiate an emergency services call to a public services answering point (PSAP). Information relating to the locator device is provided from the control center to the PASP using a backchannel communications channel.

Description

REMOTELY AC IVATABLE LOCATOR WITH SACKCHAN EI,

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

[0001] This application claims the benefit of U.S. patent Application

No, 13/151 ,58 » filed June 2, 2011, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

TECHNICAL HELD

[0002] The present, invention relates generally to methods and apparatus for locating tire ess devices, als called mobile stations (MS), such as those used in analog or digits) cellular systems, personal mununications s stems (PCS), enhanced specialised mobile radios (ESMRs), and other types of wireless communications systems. More particularly, but not exclosi vely, the. present, invention relates to methods for obtaining a location estimate from 3 remotely activated personal wirel ss device for delivery to a public safety

organization while simultaneously relaying the conversation between a caretaker and response agency,

BACKGROUND

[0003] This patent application is related in subject matter to U,S. Patent Application No. 12 904,904, filed October 14, 2010, now U.S. Patent No.8,005,456. entitled ^Remotely Activatable Locator with Voice/Data Relay," whic is a c ntinui-iion-m-pari of U.S. Patent Application No. ] 2/686,239, filed January 12, 2010, entitled "Remotely Activatable Locator System and Method Using a Wireless Location System," which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Patent Application No. 12/029,951. filed February 12, 200&, now U.S. Patent

No. 8,180,319, entitled "Remotely Activatable Locator System and Method," which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No.60/889,426, filed Feb. J 2, 2007. The contents of these applications are hereby incorporated by reference in their entireties.

[0004] Personal tracking devices have been found to be useful in locating lost objects and, m re importantly, missing persons. Such tracking devices typically use a network of Global Positioning Satellites {. -PS) in low earth orbit that broadcast precise timing signals from on-board atomic clocks. Using triangolation formulas, a device that picks up signals from several .satellites simultaneously can determine its position in global co rd nates, namely latitude and longitude. Thus, an object and/or person carrying the GPS device may be located provided the appropriate equi ment and (rained personnel are available for determining the location of the OPS device. However, GPS signals, like any other satellite, signal, are prone to numerous interferences including atmospheric disturbances, soch as solar flares and naturally occurring eomagnetic storms. In addition, man-made interference can also disrupt, or jam, GPS signals. Further, anything that can block sunlight can block GPS signals. This raises the question of whether or not GPS is ieli&ble in locating a missing and wandering person who may be in, or next to, a building, under a tree, in the brush, under a bridge, in an urban environment, in a vehicle or even a person who has fallen down and has their GPS unit covered by their own body.

[0005] Other known tracking devices use radio signal emitting transmitters.

However, these types of tracking devices require an expensive receiver device in the area to receive and track the emitted radio signal. Thus, without the appropriate receiving device in tire area and/or trained personnel capable of operating the recei ers, these tracking devices would be useless for locating lost objects and/or missing persons.

Overview of Emergency Call Location

[0006] in a series of orders (including FCC Orders %-264, 99 -96, and 99-245), under docket 94-102, the United States Federal Communications Commission (FCC) mandated that wireless (Cellular, Personal Communications Systems (PCS), Speci lized Mobile Radio (S ft)) carriers support emergency services calling for wireless phone osers, The CC's Enhanced 9*1-1 Phase U, emesgency services for wireless users with automatic high accuracy location, was scheduled for implementation in October 2001.

[0007] The European Union and member nations followed suit in implementing a universal short c de emergency services number (1-1-2) with 'Ijest-effort.'' location in 2003 and the telematics-focused "eCair initiative, eCall is expected to be implemented co-incident with the operational status of the "Galileo" Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). Galileo is to be similar in function to the United States NavStar Global Positioning System (GPS), Standardization of Emergency Call Lwation

[0008] To allow for delivery of caller location to the emergency res onded (in the United States, a public safety ans erin point (FSAP) conunonly handles dispatching Fire, Police, or Ambulance first respondera based or* 9-1-1 emergency calls) across multi-vendor networks, standardization efforts were undertaken prior to deployment. A joint European Tel econjmuriic mo Standards Institute (ETSI) and American National Standards Institute (A SI) project, facilitated by the T ecommom auans Industry Alliance ΓΠΑ) and industry representatives, was conceived to handle standardization for the North American market

[0009] The jnethods and means for position reporting to emergency services systems, as mandated by the FCC in the 6911 Phase II mandate, was addressed for North American wireless carriers m Joint ETSJ/A S1 Standard 36 (J-STD 036). The J-Sm036 standard provides basic definitions, formats and constraints, and defines the messaging required to transfer identity information, call control information and location-reporting about wireless emergency services callers between wireless and wired network servers enabling coordination between public safely agencies, wireless carriers, equipment manufacturers, and local wireline carrier?.

[0010] A wireless location system determines geographic position and, in some cases, the speed and direction of travel of wireless devices. Wireless location systems use uplink (device to-neiwork) signals, downlink (netw0ik-t©~device) signals, or non - conunanicatkms network signals (fixed beacons, terrestrial broadcasts, and or satellite broadcasts). Network-based location solutions use specialized receivers and/or passive monitors within, or overlaid on, the wireless coin irumi cations network to collect signaling used to determine location. Network* based techniques include uplink Tirne- ifferenee-of- Arrivsl (TDOA), AngleOf-AjiTivaJ (ADA), MuUipath Analysis (RF fingerptinting), and .signal strength measurement (SSM).

[0011] Mobile-based location solutions use the mobile receivers or ancillary receivers in the mobile device to collect signaling from the wireless network, satellite broadcasts or terrestrial broadcasts. Mobile-based techniques may use assistance data (for instance broadcast information) but calculate the position estimate locally. Mobile-based location solutions may be WON independent (where WC refers to the wireless

communications network). [0012] Mobile- assisted location solutions employ the mobile receiver or Ancillary receivers in the mobile device to collect si naling from the wir less network, satellite broadcasts or terrestr l broadcasts. Mobile-assisted Ϊ ooation takes advantage of assistance data delivered over the wireless network and delivers collected signal data to a landside server for final position tMOmation.

[0013] Mobile-based or Mobile- assisted (e. g. Device-based } location techniques include IP (serving Cell-ID), CID RTF (serving cell-ID plus radio time-of-flight time- h sed ranging), QDTA (serving cell-ID plus time-based ranging). Enhanced Cell_' ID (ECJD, a serving cell time-based ranging and power difference of arrival hybrid). Advanced- Foward-Unk iilateration (AFLT), Enhanced Observed Time Difference (E OTD), Obset l-Tiine- ifferenee-of-Amval fOTDOA) and Global Navigation Satellite System (G SS) positioning. An example of a GNSS system is the United States ftfavStar Global Positioning System (OPS).

[0014] Hybrids of tiie network abased and mobile device-based techniques can be used to generate improved quality of services including im oved speed, accuracy, yield, and uniformity of location. Hybrids also provide a fall-back location capability in case of location failure.

Subscriber Identity Module (SIM)

[0015] A dual SIM mobile phone is one which holds two SIM cards in order fix the subscriber to maintain two subscriptions with two different network operators with one mobile device. Originally, dual SIM phones switched between the active and standby SIMS and between WCNs allowing a split between paging and origination to optimize coverage and cost. Such standby dual SI phones typically had a single wireless transceiver modalc. Newer, active dual SIM phones hold two SIM cards and two wireless transceiver modules and allow for concurrent registration and operation in two wireless communications networks. The term "SIM" Is used herein in place of the Global System for Mobility (GSM) Subscriber Identity Module (SIM), the 3 Generation Partnership Program (3GFP) Universal Subscriber identity module (U-SIM), The 3^rt Generation Partnership Program 2 (3GPP2) CDMA Subscriber Identify Modal* (CSIM) or Removable User Identity Module (R-TJIM) and the 3GPFs 40 Subscriber Identify Module (4GS1M).

[0016] The air interface, protocols now used in the Wireless industry include AMPS, N-AMPS, TDMA, CDMATS-CDMA, OFDM, OFDMA GSM, TAGS. ESMR, GPRS, EDGE, UMTS, WCDMA, WiMAX, LTE and others. The term CDMA will be used 10 refer to the CDMA digital cellular fTIA EIA TR-4S.4 defined IS-95, IS^SA. IS-¾5B), Personal Ccmmiunicatiom Services O-STD-008), and 3GPP2 defined CDMA-2QO0 and UMB standards and air interfaces. The term UMTS will be used to refer to the 3GPP speci ied Wideband-CDMA (W-CDMA) based Universal Mobile Telecomnttiracaiions System, defining standards, and radio air interface. The term WiMAX is used to denote the IEEE defined 802.16, "Broadband Wireless"; 802.20. "Mobile Broadband Wireless Access"; and 802.22. "Wireless Regional Area Networks" technologies. Th present invention also applies to the defined Long-Term-Evoluticm (LTE) and the 3GPP LTE-Advanced system among others.

The Next Generation 9-1-1 Initiative is a project to define the system architecture for a all* digital, Internet Protocol (iP)-based delivery of multimedia 9-1 -i "calls." New wireless and IP-based comr vnieavions devices and services are being rapidly developed, extending the current voice offerings with new capabilities such as text messaging and video messaging. Unfortunately, tbc current 9- J-l system was never intended to receive calls and data tram phones with these new features and capabilities. Unable to receive text and video messaging, the emergency respondent cannot take advantage of the potential life saving advances multimedia calling brings.

The National Emergency Numbering Association (NE A) has compiled a list of capabilities for emergency calling that does take advantage of multimedia calling. Thes services; as described in Annex A of 'Use Cases & Suggested Requirements f r Non-Voice Centric (NYC) Emergency Services'", NENA 73-501, Version L0, January 1 1 , 201 1 ; include: a) Text messaging to a PSAF

b) Text messaging with media (photos, pre-recorded video, or real-time video) c) Voice call with media (photos, pre-recorded video, or real -lime video)

<1) Voic call in non-emergency situation

e) Voice call with delayed media (photos, prerecorded video, or real-time video) 0 Voice call plus text messaging

g) Text messaging with location updates

h) Voice call wjth .location updates

i) Transmission of media (photos, pre-recorded video, or real-time video) j) Text messaging with emergency indication on device

k) Voice, call adding media (photos, pre - recorded video, or real-time video) as PSAP reqaest

1) Real-time video with Afit

m) Real-time video with ASJL via relay service [0017] Additional call related data for voice and the oon- voice calling may also be transmitted via the control data stre m. Exam les of the additional data can be found us ^*'NENA Standard forNG9-l-l Additional Data, NENA 71-001, version 1.0, September 17. 2009.

ue to the multi-media limitations of the widely deployed legacy (2^ftil and

generation) wireless systems, the next-generation emergency communications services, it is expected that these services can only be introduced cm 4^(h generation systems such as the Long Term Evolution (LTB) system and TEEE-S02 16 (WTMAX)

SUMMARY

[0018] In cases of an emergency location where a locator is attached to a mute subject or object, a locator with voice relay using a dual SIM, dual ¾¾nsceiver module device allows for extended emergency services calling where a 3^rf party such as a caretaker, care giver, guardian, or custodial organizatio may be involved in real-time with the automatically located call to provide verbal or textual information to responds rs.

C0019J For ex ample to a method embodiment of the present invention, upon initiation of an emergency services call from a locator device, a. three-way call involving the locator device, a Caretaker associated with the locator device, and an emergency services answering point is established. To addition, a location record forme locator device is provided from n database to the answering point while conducting the three-way call.

[0020] In another embodiment, a system in accordance with the present, invention includes means responsive to the initiation of an emergency services call from the locator device for establishing a three-way call involving the locator device, a caretaker associated whh the locator device, and an emergency services answering point, and means for providing a location record for the locator device from a database to the answering point while conducting the three- way calf.

[0021] In yet another embodiment, a locator device in accordance with the present invention comprises first and second wireless transceiver modules, a first subscriber infonriaiinn module (SIM), and a control processor. In this example embodiment the locator device is configured to operate in a WCN to establish a control communications path between the locator device and a caretaker, and an emergency call path between the locator device and an answering point, and the control processor is configured for performing signal rnodification functions including volume control, echo cancellation, interception of DTMf^? control tones, sod insertion of pre-vecorded messag ng into the control commufiication* path or th« emergency call path.

[0022] In yet another embodiment, the u.se of a remotely activaiable mobile locator device with multiple tireless ttrisceivejs allows multiple simultaneous voice and data connections for multiple voice ths, multimedia messaging, or sensor telemetry data over a legacy WCN. Interconnection of the separate data paths using common identifiers allows for early deployment of advanced location-bassd services, including next-generation emergency services.

[0023] in yet another embodiment, a method for use in providing emergency .ser ices to a locator device comprises remotely triggering the locator device and thereby causing the locator device to employ a first wireless transceiver to communicate with a control center and to employ a second wireless transceiver to initiate an emergency services call to a public services answering point (PSAP); and providing information relating to die local o? device from the contio! center to the PASP using a back&hanne! communications channel. This embodiment, may also include providing wireless identifiers corresponding to the locator device in the mformation provided by the control center to the PS AP to enable the PSAP to associate inforraattori received at the PSAP from the locator device and die control center, providing at least one of environmental and medical sensor information from rite locator device to the central center and providing this information from the control center to the PSAP via the backchaancl communications channel, and providing a location record for the locator device from a database to the PSAP while conducting the emergency services call In addition, in this embodiment, the backchannel communications channel from the control center to the PSAP may be formed from a first data link from the control center, a public or private digital commnmteatiaos network coupled to the first data link, and a second dad link from the to the public or private digital communications network to the PSAP. Furthermore* the communication, between the locator device and the control center using the first transceiver may be conducted via the WCN or a WiR network.

[0024] Other aspects of the invention are described below.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The foregoing summary as well as the following detailed description is be ter understood when read in conjunction with the appended drawings. For the purpose of illustrating the invention, there is shown in the drawings exemplary consurnctions of the invention; however, the invention is not iimiled to the specific methods and msmimentalrtjes disclosed, hi the drawings:

026] Figure 1 i an illustration of the steps in an emergency services location process.

[0027] Figure 2 is an illustration of an example emergency services location process with remote locator with rela activated locally

[0028] Figure 3 is art illustration of an example e uergtnu services location process with rem te locator with relay activated remotely.

[0029] Figtwe 4 is an illustration of the interactions between a caretaker, rem te locator, ireless network, location network, and emergency services answering point.

[0030] figure 5 is an illustration of the interactions between the caretaker, remote locator, wireless network, satellite location network, and emergency services answering point.

[0031] Figure 6 is a depiction of the major functional subsystems of the locator with relay device.

[0032] Figure 7 is a depiction of the locator with relay device equipped for location using satellite signals or terrestrial broadcast networks.

[0033] Figure 8 depicts the rnolti-transceivei locator in operation.

[0034] Figure 9 illustrates an example configuration for automatically joining the data paths.

[0035] Figure 10 is an illustration of n example emergency services location process with remote locator with relay activated locally and telemetry provided via forwarding.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATIVE EMBODIMENTS

[0036] We will now describe illustrati ve. embodiments of the present invention: First, we provide a detailed overview of the problem and then a more detailed description of oar solutions.

A. Rationale Model jor Radio Relay

[0037] A the request of public safel organizations, the initiation of conference calls (also known as a 3-way or multi-party calls) during emergency services calls i prohibited (e.g. 3GTF TS 22.173 "IP Multimedia Cora Network Subsystem (IMS)

Multimedia Telephon Service and supplementary services; Stage 1" {section 8.2.13) which is required for ail GEE AN, UTRAN and B-UTKAN-based wireless ctwrmmaications syst ms). Since current classes of mobile devices are conference call enabled at the switch (as to preserve valuable radio bandwidth and reduce the cost of die mobile device), there currently is no way around the prohibition. However, in certain custodial cases (e.g. impaired individuals, inanimate objects) the use of conference callin , allowing interconnection of a caretaker to the answering point, would be a great value,

[0038] Herein is described a s stem and method for the use of new type of mobile devices equipped with multiple wireless transceiver modules. These multiple transceiver modules allows the use of the mobile device as a relay with a first (control) leg of the conversational path (mobile device to caretaker) to be connected to the emergency services call center (e.g. the Public Safety answering point (PSAP)> via a second (emergency) radio leg. The term "call leg" includes the wireless connection and wired connection between the jnabile locator device and the end-party, either the caretaker car emergency services answering point. A "call" may be either a switched-circtt.it or packet data connection. "Calls" to the emergency services answering point will be voice calls while "calls" to the caretaker may be voice, short message service, or data sessions.

Enhanced Wimless Emergency Services Calling

[0039] A model for current, mobile-phone based, emergency services location process is s own in Figure 1. The Figure 1 model u&esnon*ca11 associated. (N-C AS) signaling where the location estimate is performed during the call and the location is calculated and stored until requested The alternative scenario, call-associated signaling (CAS), would hold delivery of the call until the location estimate is available and can be thus delivered simultaneously with the call connection. The present invention functions in either CAS or - CAS scenarios.

[0040] In the current il!ustraii ve emergency services scenario, the caller dials emergency .wj ce 101 (typically a short code (e.g. 9-1- Ϊ, l-i-l, 9-9-9) or in some cases a single button that dials the code. The wireless contmnnications network (WC ) identities, the call as emergency services call and then routes the call with identi ying information to the default or geographically closest answering point 102, Meanwhile die WCN initiates location for the mobile device 103. The wireless location system (WLS) computes the location using mobile, network or hybrid means 104, The WLS forwards die location to the WCN, which then stores the location and identifiers in the Automatic Location Index (AU) database 103. At some time during the call, the answering point requests location from the AU database using the mobile or subscriber identifier 106. The AIJ database responds to rbe location request wi h the location estimate for the mobile device, possibly with a confidence/error value, speed and direction of travel 107.

Remotely Aativatable Locawr with JRekry

[0041] Using the remote locator for die elderly, under-aged, the infirm, or for property recovery services also involves multiple agencies and actors. Three-way calling is employed s thai the locator device can be located using the location- enabled emergency services enabled "WC via a first wir less connection. A second wireless connection is used so that tbe caretaker, care- iver, legal guardian, call center, or custodian can be included iu the conversation wiiii the answering point. T e locator may or may not have a speaker and microphone to include the located person in he call.

[0042] Thxec- way calling may also be employed for cargo and/or asset recovery. The answering points (the local FSAPs) will not allow pre-recorded messages to come in on the emergency services ζΕΦΐ I, El 12, etc) system for these types of property crimes.

Therefore, to locate assct(s) and/or apprehend suspects, it may be n c ssary to have three- way call capability for the caretaker to actually communicate with the answering point. Since the emergency services enabled WCN supports location of emergency services calls, automatic location of the locator relay device is therefore enabled for the device^to-answering point wireless connection. Figure 2 depicts a model procedure for the 3· ay call with location involving the 3"* party caretaker (guardian or recovery services) and the public safety answering point.

[0043] The dual radio represensents the simplest locator, but locators with more titan two radios are envisioned (e.g. cellular, PCS, WiFi, and Bluetooth). These additional radios can be tinder control of the control center via the control radio path, and can be used to create additional available bandwidth to sensors on the locator (e.g. video,) thai H collected at the control center and aggregated for delivery via the backcharmel Creation of the additional data bandwidth via addition of radio connections can be done at any time and without disruption of the calls to the answering point, or control center.

Remotely Activatdbie Locator with Ba k l innel

0044] The locator device provides multiple radio communications paths allowing for the au om tic location of the locator and commtmications between th caretaker and response agency.

[0045] In addition to relayed voice communication the additions) data ciiann l provided by deal transceiver locator can be used to provide next generation additional services and. information in the case of at* emergency services call over a legacy WC . The control center can forward messaging and data to a KSAP. The customer premises eqtupment (CPE) on the PSAP wold then use the wireless identifiers associated with the ESI 1 cai) and included in the forwarded data to then link the two data streams. Additional multimedia (sound with video or photographs), environmental or medical sensor information from the locator (if so equipped) and data based on the holder/person or attachment (e.g. vehicle, make model, year) information from the control center can. also be provided over the direct link between the control center and PSAP over the relayed radio link or a backchannel cowtmnrications channel

[0046] The control leg need not be a persistent connection and may be terminated and re -tasked by the control center, for instance the control leg my be a voice call relayed via the device to the PSAP and then be switched to provide data from locator-based se s r* without disruption of ihe call leg directed to the answering point.

[0047] Actual use of the call-concurrent telemetry services is precluded on legacy wireless communications networks (GSM. JMTS, IS-29, I$-20GG) due to the single* threaded, relatively low bandwidth nature of these networks. Use of the dual locator allows early deployment of the multimedia, telemetry and databased background information services on these legacy networks.

Figure 2 - ijo l Activation of r&w>te. locator relay

0 8] Fignre 2 shows rhe basic procedure for the local activation, call initiation, automatic iocation, and interconnection of the caretaker and the answering point via the relay locator. Local activation allows the mobile device to generate two wireless connections (either simultaneously or sequentially) via the dual irej&ss transceiver modules. Local activation can in response to a push button, timer, geo- fence crossing, or external iriggeringis) such as medical telemetry, environmental sensors, or intrusion alarming.

[0049] Whatever the reason f or the local activation, an emergency .services call would be locally initiated 201 either simultaneously or sequentially with a call to the caretaker. Preferably, the first call to the caretaker would be placed prior or concurrently with the second call to the emergency services aitswcring point. In either case. The WCN identifies one call as an emergency services call and then routes the call with identifying information to the def&uk or geographically closest answering point 20Z The locator acts as a relay between the call to the caretaker and the call to the answering point 203 while maintaining two radio connections with one or more WCN, Meanwhile, the WCN initiates location for the mobile device 204 based on the emergency call. The wireless location system (WLS) computes the location using mobile, network or hybrid means 30S The WLS forwards the location to the WON. which then stores the location and identifiers in the AH database 206. At some time during the call, the answering point requests location from the AL! database using the mobile or subscriber identifier 207. The AU database responds to the location request with the location estimate for the mobile device, possibly with a

coroi device/error value, speed, and direction of travel 208.

Figure .? - Remote Activation

[0050] Figure 3 shows the basic procedure for the rem te activation, call initiation, utomatic location, and interconnection of the caretaker and the answering point via the relay locator. Using in-band signaling remote activation allows the caretaker to connect with the mobile- device via one wireless connection and then initiate a second wireless connection via the mobile device. Using out-of>band initiation, tor instance when using a Short Message Service (SMS) as a trigger, the mobile device can then generate two wireless connections (either simultaneously or sequentially) via the. dual wireless transceiver modules.

[0051] As depicted in Figure 3, a call wooid be placed from the caretaker to the device, or the device would call the caretaker based on reception of an activation SMS . If die relay locator is activated by a SMS, the locator will preferably initiate the control leg (device to caretaker) teg first. In either case, on emergency services call and potentially the control call, would be rem el initiated 301. The WCN identifies the call as an emergency ser ices call and then romes the cat! with identifying information to the default or

^gra h cally closest answer point 302. The locator acts as a relay etween the call to the caretaker and the call to the answering point 303, maintaining the two radio paths and mterconnectrn¾ die tw conversation p ths. Meanwhile, the WCN initiates location for the mobile device 304. The wireless location system (WLS) compotes the location using mobile, network or hybrid &ans 305, The WLS forwards the location to the WCN. which then stores the location, and identifiers in tlte ALI database 206. At some time during the call, the answering point recpiests location Item the All database using the mobile or subscriber identifier 307. The ALI database responds to the location request with the location estimate for the mobile device, possibly with a confidence error alue, speed, and direction of travel 308,

[0052] Both the gem te and local activation scenarios, additional parties may be cortferersced into the emergency call at either end of the relayed call path. For instance, the caretaker may call family or neighbors or the A.P may include multiple first responders into the- call.

B. Network Model, for Radio Rela

Figure 4— Remote Locator with Relay with network-hosed location

[0053] Figure 4 depicts an illustrative example of die locator relay operating in a Wireless Communications Network. (WCN). In this example, a dual-transceiver module locator 401 is in duplex radio otnmunicarion with the Radio Access Network (RAN) represented here by the base transceiver station (BTS) towers 402403. Figure 4 shows both the control communications path 413 between the locator 40.) and the caretaker 406 and the emergency call path 417 between the locator 401 and the answering point 407. The dual- transceiver module locator .301 initiates and maintains the tw radio mnecti m, the first 404 for the control path 418 and the second 405 for the emergency path 417, The Central Office (also known as the Core Network (CN» 410 handles the dialed digit analysis and call intercomieetion for each e&mmunications path 418 17. Interconnection between the control 418 and emergency 417 communication paths is accomplished within the locator 401. For purposes of simplicity, the example in Figure 4 shows both call legs 417 418 in the same WCN although similar functionality is expected if the call legs were bandied by di e ed WCN. [0054] 1¾e care aker 406, whether a spouse, nurse, nursing home, or call center, is responsible for the activation of both the control qomtnonicadon« path 4 I ant) emergency commuiiicaiions path 8. interconnected to the core network 410 via a iandline network 409, the caretaker can access the remote locator by simply calling the phone number associated with (He locator 40J via the registered SIM. The CN 410, as part of the normal mobility function provided, by a WC , will pass the control call to the radio access network (represented here y the cell towers 402 403 and the associated BTS spans and trunks 43?, 4} 3) lor delivery to the remote locator 301 via a first radio connection 404.

[0055] The remote !>xaiur 401 has a secure activation capability to prevent inadvertent or malicious activation. One method for secure remote activation uses Short essage Service (SMS) for acti ation. SMS provides the means to send an activation message payload from an identifiable source. The S S message are only processed by the locator if from a cr usted source, The activation message contents may be encrypted to provide further security. The Locator 401 does not respond to invalid messages to prevent a possible introde s detection of a valid mobile identifier e,jg, the Mobile Subscriber Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) Num er f MS-ISDN]). Preferably, each activation message should be in a particular format or die message will be deemed invalid. Attempted activation ia invalid messages can be reported to the caretaker. Use of SMS for remote activation is also beneficial as the store and forward capabilities of the SMS work well with locators mat may not be in cell coverage when initially contacted since the wireless communications system will repeatedly page the locator.

[0056] A n other method for secure remote activation uses a challenge-response method based on the exchange of in-band signals (tones) with the caretaker 406. If supported by the WCN, the locator will be registered as of me very long slotted paging class of mobile devices, increasing battery life.

[0057] Once activated, the remote locator 401 will establish a second radio connection.405 for the emergency call, which is then carried via the RAN 403 and C i 410 and associated trunks 4Π 408 to the amweriritg point 407. Since an emergency call was placed, the WCN will automatically determine the location of the remote locator 401 via the wireless location system 411. In the example Jion-calI-a½ociated scenario, the location is deposited via data link. 15 into the AU database 41 . The answering point.407 may at any time query the ALI database 4M via its wn data link 416 to o tain the location or request a iKw location be perforined.

Figure 5 - Remote Locator with R lay wt device or hybrid-based location

[0058] Figure 5 depicts the se of a mobile- based or mobile-assisted equipped remote locator in a wireless communication system. A hybrid location approach, combining network based and device-based location techn qoes will ntitize the .same approach.

[0059] Figure 5 sh ws both the first, control communications path 519 between the locator 501 and the caretaker 506 and the second, emergency call path 520 between the locator 501 and the answering point 507. In figure 5 the caretaker 506 still activates the remote locator $01 via (fee CN shown here as die central office 510. base stations 502. 03, the first radio path 504, the second radio path 505, and associated voice or data links 508509 512 513). Once activated, the locator establishes the first, control path 519 and begins to collect satellite broadcast signals 518 from the Global Navigation Satellite S stem {GNSSj 517. This collection may be aided by information and timing from the WCN assistance server 511. While the satellite signals ate being collected, the WCN interconnects the locator 501 to the answering point .507 via a voice frank 508. Since the caretaker is already online to the locator 501, the answering point and caretaker are then interconnected via the locator device 501 relay.

[0060] Once sufficient satellite signals 518 have been collected to form a location (either computed locally within the locator 501 or passed to the assistance server 5 Π for processing potentially with the addition of network-based measurement for a hybrid location), the CN 510 delivers the location record to the AU database 514 via data link. The answering point 507 may then request that location using its own data connection 516.

C Reference Design for -based Locator wit Relay

[0061] In ftgnre 6, a block diagram of an illustrative embodiment of a locator with relay 601 is shown. Tim diagram depicts major functional subsystems of the locator with relay 601. This design assumes a dual-frequency band {e.g.. 850 MHz (Cellular Band) nd .1900 MHz (PC$ Band}} destgn to limit self-interference. The locator 601 shown in this example (bu has two antenna 609 10 and two wireless modules 602603. This design shows two subscriber information modules (SIMs) 604 605. The second SIM 605 is optional in some cases.

[0062] The baseband digital signal e ween die wireless modules A 602 and wireless module* B 603 k shown here routed either via data bus 611 61 to the control processor 605 for si nal modification such as volume control, echo cancellation, interception of DTMF control tones from she caretaker or answering point and insertion of pre-recorded messaging into (he control or emergency voice path or by the direct connection 617.

[0063] The control rocesso subs stem 606 handles onboard management functions, memory nianagement. and runs local (to the locator) applications such as geofencVng, .sensor monitoring, power rationing, and data logging. The contra! processor subsystem 606 can include general processing facilities, digital signal processing (DSP), random access memory and non-volatile digital memory. In practice, the wireless modules 602 603 may be combined with the processor 606 into a single integrated circuit or implemented using a s ftware defined radio to create a pair f virtual transceivers. lite power subsystem 607 includes a battery for mobile operation, interconnection tor an external power source, and power management circuitry to inform the processor 606 ever a data connection 61 of power status.

[0064] The locator design in Figure 6 also shows the optional user interface su system 60$. The user interface may include audio equipment, visual indicators, and interfaces to internal or external sensors such s temperature, pressure, illumination and g- foroe shock,

[0065] The locator design in Figure 6 ma be used for high_' ccuracy network-based location andean also be used for low accuracy mobile-based location as supported by the wireless communications network or b off-line, user -plane, data services using 3*" party cell location databases. Low accuracy location techniques include cell-id, cell-id with ranging, power-based enhanced cell ID 03CID). Advanced Forward-link Ttilaterat on (ART), Enhanced Forward-link Trilaieration (EFJ~T) and Observed Time-Difference-of-ArrivaJ (OTDOAj, Such losv accuracy location techniques may be used on the control path or emergency path. Broadcast downlink signaling- based wireless location can be used to support geo-fencing or other location needs of the caretaker without involvement of the wireless emergency location network. D. Rejertnce Design for Mobtie-based/tusisied Locator wit Relay

[0066] Ixi Figure 7, & block diagram of the major functional subsystems of a locator with wobile- based or mobile-assisted location ca a ilities requiting a s ecialized antenna b depicted. The remote locator 70 in this design supports multiple or multi-band antennae 703 704, which lessen iinterfemice between the control and emergency radio paths and radio frequency circuitry. A third antetma 705 is shown for reception of broadcast signals from a satellite consfdlaxion (sucb as the NavStar Global Positioning System (OPS) i terrestrial broadcast, network (either purpose built such as the LOftAN network or incidental such as the High-Definition television (HDTV) broadcast stations). The navigation antenna 70S is {c n ted to the mobile-based or mobile assisted location subsystem 70S via an antenna feed (or data bus) 707 dependent, on the output of the navigation antenna ^'70S.

[0067] The other functional subsystem* 702 of the locator 701 may be as shown in Figure 6. The location subsystem 70$ is generally connected to the control processor system 608 (Fig, 6} via data bus 709 if not actually incorporated into the control processor. With this anangeoienr, the control path and emergency path both have access to the mobile-based or mobile- ssisted h?gh-accuraey location and either wireless transceiver modules 602603 (Fig. 6) can be used to convey assistance information to the location subsystem 70S.

E. Interaction wirfi Other Location-based Services

[0068] The locator relay device also per mils formation of new location-based services- For instance, a geofence system can he arranged based on the broadcast, network, raftanafian (see, for example, U.S. Application Ser. No. 11/1 8.996, filed Aug- 8, 2005, entitled "Geo-fencing in a Wireless Location System") and then report the alarm condition back over the control path allowing the decision to initiate the emergency services call by the custodian bef re activation of the emergency service location. For mobile-determined location (for examples of mobile-based locator techniques and geofencing application, see U.S. Application Sex. No. 11/323,265, "Device and Network Enabled Geo-Fencing for Area Sensitive. Gaming Enablement"). In the case of mobile-based or mobita-assisted location technology, the locator relay could periodically, or on a triggering evert, report current location back over the control path allowing the decision to initiate (he emergency services call by the custodian before activation of the emergency service location. [0069] For hybrid location systems, the network- based and mobil -based/assistcd location teermologi&s can both be used. In one example, the network broadcasts are used fot alaitning the istcdiajj over the control path. The custodian then orders a mofrile- based assisted location to confirm that the subject is outside t e geofenced area, preventing false alarms, The custodian coold then activate the entergency services call.

{00703 n any case, rega dless of the location technology used, the custodian would be iec d in contact with the answering point while the locator device position would be found automatically usin the location infrastructure deployed for wireless emergency services.

Figur S

[0071] Figure 8 geographically depicts the operations of the locator with relay in providing telemetry for advanced services. The locator 801 may initiate the comjrtnnications session in response to a local trigger (sensor or tuner) or a trigger initiated remotely via a message from the control center 814. Using the emergency call (e.g. --M, 1- 1-2, 9-9-9) exam le, the locator 801. places a call over the radio air interface 803 and the radio access network 806. This call is routed and connected to the PSAP 815 over wired or wireless backhaul 81 . This first connection is automatically located by the wireless communications network using either network- based or mobile-device based techniques; the locator's location is stored in die AU database 816 for delivery or later setrievai using the AU datalink 81 .

[0072] The locator 801 also connects with the control center S i 4 or caretaker via radio link, litis radio link may be provided by a wide rea system te.g. cellular, Wi AX) or a wireless local area network such as UWB, Bluetooth_* WiBro or WiFi. This second connection may even be placed over an L'lB network. The second connection from the locator 801 goes over the wide area network radio link 802 and then the radio access network 805 and backhaul S0& to the control center 814, Alternately, the second connection from the locator 801 can be inade over the local area network radio link 804 and the radio access network point 807 and backhaul 809 to the control center 814, Using the data link 811 from the control center 814, a public or private digital consummati ns network S I 3 and the data link 812. from the PSAP 815_* abackchannei 18 between the control center and PSAP is formed.

[0073] Using the multi -transceiver locator with relay 801_* the control center 814 and PSAP are now in communication. Voice, telemetry and additional irvt^'eumarian may now be sent over the first connection to the PSAP, forwarded from the control center, and/or sent via backehannel data link 811 813 Si 2 to the PSAP. Additional information on Ihe locator SOI and locator subject (soch as details on the tagged object or holding individual jncindrng medical information, identity information, a description of the individual or characteristics of the tagged object) is available in a !ocal or remote database 819 connected to the to the control center 814 via a LAN/WAN datalink 820. The data ased information can then be associated with the current call for delivery to the PSAP 815 via the relayed voice channel 821 or the backchannei 818.

[0074] In cases where additional bandwidth is needed and wireless facilities exist, the locator SOI under direction of the control center 814 can make use of additional onboard radios and create a third connection over radio link 804. In this example, the radio link 804 h a high throughput connection allowing far high bandwidth data services soch as photofs), video, multi-media, or re l- time telemetry to be delivered to the control center for collection, aggre^ttion and distribution to the answering point SI 5 (PSAP and or caretaker) via backebannei $1$. Telemetry vis backchannei in operation

Figure 9

[0075] Figure 9 depicts an example of the automatic delivery of databased information or locator telemetry data to a PS AP. Both the emergency call 901 and the backchannel 902 enter the PSAP Customer Premise Rquipmenf 904 where (hey may be automatically associated. Location data messaging $0 either directly from the wireless operator or via the ALl database may also be automatically associated Since the locator device is aware of t e identifiers (e.g.. International Mobile Subscriber Identity fJMSi), Teiriporary Mobile Subscriber Identity (TMSI), Internationa) Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI). Electronic Serial Number (ESN), Mobile Subscriber I DN Number (MS-ISDN), CalHng Number, Global Unique Identifier (GUID)) related to the locator and the current call, these identifiers can be sent to the control center and inserted into the telemetry messaging allowing the multiple m ssage streams to be associated. Once the multiple telemetry and voice message streams have been associated they can be rooted to the call laker station 90$, viev ng screens 905 or to conventional telephony 907. Figure 10

[0076] Figure 10 de icts a nornjnai scenario for an int onnected call session with fdejnetry. This example offers the operation of the system at an early stage of deployment.

( j077] The locator is triggered IDOL resulting in activation from a low- ower siate. The locator calls the control center 1002 where* the determination of an emergenc is made, if an emer enc call i$ warranted, the locator iriitiaiss arj emergency services call J 003. The Radio Access Netw rk (KAN) and telephony network route the call to the RSAF and automatically locate using available location resources (network -based or mobile-based) 1004. Once connected, tiu? locator interconnects the control center and PSAF 100S. Al this point, the control center is in communication with the call taker and die availability of telemetry can be conveyed In the earliest deployments, data will be presented and pulled from the control center's servers via generic browsers ai die PS A P.

[0078] In later deployments, integration with the PSAP CPE will allow automatic association, routing and display of telemetry data and databased information for delivery of advanced emergency services.

D. Alternative Embodiments

[0079] While the present invention assumes the use of the dual transceiver locator with relay, use of the baekcharujel can in some cases reduce or eliminate die need for the rely function. A dual transceiver locator could be deployed in areas where previous agreement between die control center and PSAP has been reached and CPE capable of automatic association of call and telemetry data has been empiaced,

[0080] Use of die dual-transceiver locator with relay would allow for voice commuriications be w en the control center and PSAP allowing for ease of service introduction especially for vehicle or property-loss related emergency services,

Sinftle that trans^ter mfl?¾kg

[0081] Unlike the active dual SIM phones, a second SIM is unnecessary under the FCC's "shall cairy' and 2391 J mandates. A locator relay with one SIM and two transceiver modules can therefore be used_* The registered SIM allows for maintenance and remote acti vation of the locator while the SI -less, unregistered transcei ver can be used to place an emergency services call, In accordance with J-STD-036. a Pseudo-ANI will be allocated for the unregistered transceiver module, allowing for a unique ID and callback at significant cost sa ings over maintaining two separate registrations for the locator device.

Data Connections

[0082] In one embodiment, 3$ shown in Figure 8. the re mote iy act.ivat.able mobile locator device could include multiple data connections for multiple voice paths, multimedia (sound, photographic and or video), or telemetry data. Use of noi^cellular (WiFS, WiMAX, UWB, etc.) eor nunjcauoriss for either radio path has been considered and can be used, dependent, on the location capabilities of the conummications system or locator device, tor either the control or emergency kg of the rela ed voice/data path.

[0083] In eases where higher throughput is required \n excess of what is available via the control leg and when wireless facilities are available, the locator under direction of the control center can activate additional onboard radios or request a higlier quality of service of the existing control radio path. When an additional radio is installed in die locator (such as a wireless LAN connection), the locator can be commanded u activate;, search and then create a tfcird connection over Hie additional radio link.

[0084] When higher quality of services from the wireless communications network are available, then the control leg can command the locator to request additional wireless network resources to service the control leg and provide the necessary bandwidth to service the locator-based sensors (e,g. multi-media).

[0085] Since management of data bandwidth is under control of the control center via the control leg, the addition and deletion of radio resources is dynamic and can happen at any time during the. call.

Ay a software application

[0086] As multi-radio interface wireless devices (e g. ceUular WIB,

cellular/Bluetooth) the locator can be offered as installed/installable, software application. Hie hardware of the generic wireless device is then capable of supporting the multiple radio links used to create the locator with relay and locator with relay find backchaniwl functionalit [0087] In future- embodiments, remotely aciivaiable locator device could include a single multi-band antenna and c uld either split the received signal to use a duplex er dependent on the isolation required by the wirskss mo olss. This approach can be used with the sin le software defined wireless transceiver module to minimize remote locator with relay size or form factor.

[0088] In a multi-bearer, multi-threaded wireless wmnwnjcations network (e,g. LTE) the ability of the wireless device to support multiple »mmunkanVms links with different endpoitrts (e.g. die control center and the PSAP) will allow d> locator to perform its duties using a single antenna and single transceiver

F. Conclusion

[0089] The true scope the present invention is not limited to the illustrative or presently preferred embodiments described herein. For example, the illustrative details described above, e.g., in respect to the locator with relay device of ignr 6 or the locator with la device equipped for location using satellite signals or terrestrial broadcast networks of Figure ?„ may be alt red without departing from the scope of protection defined by thecJaims set forth below. In many cases, the place of implementation (i.e.. the functional dement) described herein is merely a designer's preference and not a hard requirement.

Claims

What is claimed:

1. A method for use in providing emergency services to a locator device in a wireless communications network (WC ), wherein the locator device comprises first and second wireless transceiver modules, comprising:

remotely triggering the locator device and thereby causing the locator device t employ tlj first wireless transceiver to communicate with a control center and to employ the second wireless transceiver to initiate an emergency services call to a public services answering point (PSAP); and

providing info mation relating to the locator device from the control center to the PASP using abackchannel communications channel.

2. A method as recto! in claim I, further comprising providing wi eless identifiers corresponding to the locator device in the information provided by the control center to the PSAP to enable the PSAP to associate information received at the PSAP from the locator device and Hie control center.

3. Λ method as recited ht plaim 1, further comprising providing at least one of multimedia, environmental and medical sensor information from the locator device to the control center, and providing thi information from the control center to the PSAP via the backchannel communications channel. A method as recited in claim !, farther comprising providin a location record for the locator device from a database to the PSAP while conducting the emergency services call

5, A method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the backchannel communications channel from the control center to the PSAP is formed from a first data link from the control center, a public or private digital communications network coupled to she first data link, and a second data link from the to the u lic or private digital communications network to the PSAP.

6. A method as recited in claim I, wherein the communication between the locator device and the control center using the first transceiver is conducted via the WCN.

7. A method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the corwnuriication between the locator device and the control center using the first transceiver is conducted via a WiFi network,

8. A method as recited in laim 1 , further comprising providing wirel ss identifiers corresponding to the locator device to the information provided by the control center to the PSAP to enable die PSAP to associate information received at the PSAP from the locator device and the control center, providing at least one of environmental and medical .sensor information om the locator device to the control center and vidi g this information from the control center to the PSAP via the backchannel communications channel, and providing a location record for the locator device from a database to the PSAP while conducting tbe emergency services call. . A method as recited in claim 8, wherein the backehaonel communications channel from the control center to the PSAP is formed from a ftrst data link from the control center, a public or private digi al communications network coupled to the first data link, and a second data link from the to the public or private digital commnnjcaiiorts network to the PSAP; wherein ie communication between the locator devics and the control center using the first transceiver is conducted via the WCN; and wherein the communication between the locator device and the control center using the first transceiver is conducted via a WiFi network..

10. A syst m for rise in providing emergency services to a locator device in a wireless comrntuiications network (WCN). wherein the locator device comprises first, and second wireless transceiver modules, comprising;

a control center configured for remotely triggering the locator device and thereby causing the locator device to employ the first wireless transceiver to communicate with the control center and to employ the second wi eless transceiver to initiate an emergency services call to a public services answerin point (PSAP) and for providing information relating to the locator device from the control center to the PASP usi a backchannel communications channel_*

11. A system as recited in claim 10, wherein (he control center is further configured for providing wireless identifiers corresponding to the locator device in the in formation provi ded by the control center to the PSAP to enable the PSAP to associate information received at the PSAP from the locator device and the control center.

Γ2. A s stem as recited hi claim 10, wherein the control center is further configured for receiving at least o e of environmental and medical sensor inforrnaHofi from the locator device, and for providing t is information to the PSAP via the back ianncl communications channel. 3. A s stem us recited in claim 10. further comprising means for providing a location record for the locator device from a database ιο the PSAP while conducting the emergency services call.

14. A s stem as recited in claim 0, wherein the bockchannel c rnmnnicaii nsi channel from the control center to the PSAP is formed from a first data link from the control center, a public or private digital communications netwoik coupled lo She. first data link, and a second data link from the to the public or private digital communications network to the PSAP.

15. A system as recited in claim 10, wherein the communication between the locator device and the control center using the first transceiver is conducted via the WCN.

16. A system ass recited in claim 0. wherein the communication between the locator device and the control, center using the first transceiver ½ conducted via a WiH network.

17. A system as recited in claim 10, wherein the control center is further configured for providing wireless identifiers corresponding to the. locator device in the information provided by die control center to the PSAP to enable, the PSAP to associate information received at the PSAP from the locator device and the control center, and receiving at least one of environmental and medical se so information from the locator device and providing this information to the PSAP via the backchaiaiel communications channel.

18. A system as recited in claim 17. wherein the backchannel communications channel from the control center to the PSAP is fanned from a first data link ft o the confetti center, a public or private digital communications network coupled to the first data link, and a second data link from the to the public or private digital communications network to the PSAP; \vh¾r≥in the communication between the locator device and { e control cent r using the first transceiver is conducted via the WC ; and wherein the communication btiween the l cator device and the control center nsing the first transceiver is conducted via a WiFi network.

19. A locator device, comprising:

first and second wireless transceiver modules and & control processor;

wherein the control processor is configured to enable the locator device to be remotely triggered and thereby cause the locator device to employ the first wireless transceiver (o coinrnuMcaie with a control center and to mploy the second wireless transceiver to initiate an emergency services call to a public services answering point (PSAP), and to provide at least one of environmental and medical sensor information from the locator device to the control center, thus enabling the control center to provide this information to a thePSAP i a bactehannet ccuttmurucaiions channel.

20. A method far use in providing, emergency services to a locator device in a wireless con rwinicatiorui network (WCN), wherein the locator device compr ses first, second and third wireless transceiver modules, ap risi g;

remote! y triggering the locator device and thereby causing the locator device to employ the first wireless transceiver to communicate with a control center and to employ the second wireless transceiver to initiate an emergency services call to a public services answering point (JPSAP); and

adding additional radio resources by activating additional transceivers as needed to meet the data bandwidth needed by the locator's on-board sensors,

2K A method as recited in claim 20. further comprisi g providing informatio elating to the locator device from the control center to the PAST using a backchannel communications ciwnnel

22.. A method as recited hi claim 21 _> wherein, the control center requests a high quality of service for additional network radio resources via the locator