WO2011037546A2 - Method of disintegrating materials and device for performing the method - Google Patents

Method of disintegrating materials and device for performing the method Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011037546A2
WO2011037546A2 PCT/SK2010/050016 SK2010050016W WO2011037546A2 WO 2011037546 A2 WO2011037546 A2 WO 2011037546A2 SK 2010050016 W SK2010050016 W SK 2010050016W WO 2011037546 A2 WO2011037546 A2 WO 2011037546A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
block
disintegrating
electric arc
chamber
medium
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PCT/SK2010/050016
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French (fr)
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WO2011037546A3 (en
Inventor
Ivan KOČIŠ
Igor KOČIŠ
Dušan KOČIŠ
Tomáš KRIŠTOFIČ
Original Assignee
Kocis Ivan
Kocis Igor
Kocis Dusan
Kristofic Tomas
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Application filed by Kocis Ivan, Kocis Igor, Kocis Dusan, Kristofic Tomas filed Critical Kocis Ivan
Publication of WO2011037546A2 publication Critical patent/WO2011037546A2/en
Publication of WO2011037546A3 publication Critical patent/WO2011037546A3/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/14—Drilling by use of heat, e.g. flame drilling
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/14—Drilling by use of heat, e.g. flame drilling
    • E21B7/15—Drilling by use of heat, e.g. flame drilling of electrically generated heat
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/18—Drilling by liquid or gas jets, with or without entrained pellets

Definitions

  • the invention concerns a method of non-contact disintegrating of materials, especially of rock in geothermal deep drillings in geological formations, and a device for performing the method.
  • Disintegrating technologies may be evaluated also according to such properties as necessary specific energy for one extracted cubic centimeter, maximum performance applicable at the drilling bottom, or maximum achievable drilling speed.
  • top ranks are occupied by mechanical principles, electro- spark discharges in water and water beam cutting.
  • the laser energy is used for the process of thermal spallation, fusion or evaporation of the rock.
  • the chamber of disintegrating device is pressurized from a block of source of pressure hydraulic medium, which may preferably be water, and the disintegrating medium leaves the chamber of disintegrating device under pressure through the nozzle outlet and acting on the material to be disintegrated it disintegrates it, wherein the pressure of disintegrating medium at the chamber outlet is increased in a block for increasing the pressure effect by one of the following ways:
  • a. by electric arc formed in a block for creating electric arc, wherein a conducting channel is formed by a breakthrough of high-voltage discharge, explosively expanding bubble is formed, in which high-temperature plasma occurs, which increases the pressure of disintegrating medium and which disrupts the flow of pressure disintegrating medium.
  • Device for performing method according to points 1 to 8 containing a block of source of pressure disintegrating medium, a chamber with outlet nozzle arranged so that the block of source of disintegrating medium is attached to the chamber, wherein the device is equipped with at least two parallel electrodes as sources of electric current for creating and maintaining electric arc and forming electromagnetic field, located in the inner space of the chamber, the length of which is substantially greater than their thickness and they are attached to the source at the opposite end of the chamber than the outlet nozzle. 0.
  • the chamber is divided in an inner and an outer part, and either the chamber contains in its inner part the block for increasing pressure effect, containing the block for creation of electric arc, and in its outer part it contains the block for utilizing magnetic field energy and damping shock waves and the block for spatial acceleration of the created electric arc channel and plasma bubble, or the chamber contains the block for generating highly energetic gaseous or liquid beams in the block for increasing pressure effect.
  • Device according to points 9 and 10 wherein the electrodes are mounted movably.2.
  • the innovation in this invention consists of the method of non-contact disintegration with the following functionalities:
  • Advantageousnes of the invention consists mainly of an increased effect of the device and utilization of the device also in aqueous environment at high pressures and temperatures.
  • Fig. 1 shows the device for performing non-contact disintegrating of materials, especially of rock in geothermal deep drillings in geological formations.
  • FIG. 1 An example of a preferable device according to the invention is shown in Fig. 1.
  • Device for performing the method of material disintegrating containing block 1 of source of pressure disintegrating medium 2, chamber 3 with outlet nozzle 5, arranged so, that block i of source of pressure disintegrating medium 2 is attached to chamber 3, at least two parallel electrodes 13 as sources of electric current for creating and maintaining the electric arc and formation of electromagnetic field located vertically in chamber 3, their length being considerably greater than their thickness and they are attached to the source at the opposite end of chamber 3 relative to outlet nozzle 5.
  • Chamber 3 is divided into an inner and an outer part, wherein the inner part of chamber 3 contains block 4 for increasing pressure effect and this block contains block 7 for creating electric arc and the outer part of chamber 3 contains block 9 for utilizing magnetic field energy and damping shock waves and block 8 of spatial acceleration of the created channel of electric arc and plasma bubble.
  • Electrodes 13 are mounted movably.
  • the shape of inner walls of chamber 3 together with the pressure disintegrating medium 2 inlet is formed in the shape of reflection surfaces for concentrating and directing the shock waves.
  • disintegrating medium 2 is pushed under pressure into chamber 3 of the disintegrating device.
  • block 7 for creating electric arc is present, in which electric arc originates. Due to the electric arc, medium flow is interrupted in order to increase the effect of disintegrating medium 2 directed through the outlet of nozzle 5 to material 6 being disintegrated.
  • Block 8 for spatial acceleration of the created electric arc channel and plasma bubble, situated in chamber 3, allows:
  • Disintegrating medium is water heated up to the supercritical temperature.
  • Example 3 is identical with Example 2 with the difference that pressure of disintegrating medium 2 at the outlet of chamber 3 increases in block 4 for increasing pressure effect of chamber 3 by fuel detonation in block 14 for generating highly energetic gaseous or liquid beams.
  • the energy flow is used for generating one or several highly energetic gaseous or liquid beams, wherein the fuel may consist of one ore more components.
  • the fuel is enriched by explosive additive increasing the effect of detonation.
  • device according to Example 1 is used with the difference that chamber 3 in block 7 for increasing the pressure effect contains block 14 for generating highly energetic gaseous or liquid beams.
  • the present invention may be utilized in the area of disintegration of geological formations, for cultivation for cleaning, disinfection by means of developed high pressure.

Abstract

The invention describes a method of non-contact disintegrating materials, for performing underground drillings. The method uses the synergy of a source of hydraulic pressure medium and the pressure effect for acting through the medium to disintegrate material.

Description

Method of disintegrating materials and device for performing the method Technical Field
The invention concerns a method of non-contact disintegrating of materials, especially of rock in geothermal deep drillings in geological formations, and a device for performing the method.
Background Art
There are more than twenty innovative technologies of disintegrating geological formations of various forwardness and verification degree known, but none of them is suitable, by its properties and efficiency, for work under conditions of ultra-deep drillings.
Disintegrating technologies may be evaluated also according to such properties as necessary specific energy for one extracted cubic centimeter, maximum performance applicable at the drilling bottom, or maximum achievable drilling speed.
From this point of view, top ranks are occupied by mechanical principles, electro- spark discharges in water and water beam cutting.
To the disintegrating technologies belong especially the following technologies.
Considerable progress to an important innovation is represented by the US Patent 5771984 of the authors Jefferson Tester et al. "Continuous drilling of vertical boreholes by thermal processes: rock spallation and fusion", where the energy to the drilling rig at the bottom is delivered by power water for flushing the borehole and for driving turbine and producing electric energy for the actual process of drilling by thermal spallation of the rock or by its fusion. This invention is also the basis for the object of the firm Potter Drilling LLC, the technologies of which are already in the state of prototype testing.
Related technologies are described in the US 5107936 ROCK MELTING EXCAVATION PROCESS. The author Werner Foppe describes a process of rock fusion on the circumference of the borehole, pressing the melt into the core and the following breakage of the core. The same author describes in the US Patent 6591920 fusion of the rock and it's pressing into the surrounding rock.
At the University in Tel Aviv, the authors Jerby et al.: JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS 97 (2004) solve the process of rock spallation by local overheating using microwaves. This technology is suitable only for very small volumes for now. The largest patent group covers the technology of cutting the stone or rock by water beam.
Described are variants of various modifications, for example utilization of cavitation, turbulent processes, combinations with mechanical principles and the like. For example US 5291957 describes the process of using water beam in combination with turbulent and mechanical process.
In the last decade, intensive research of utilization of high-energy laser beams for rock disintegration is in progress. It concerns especially conversion of military devices.
The laser energy is used for the process of thermal spallation, fusion or evaporation of the rock.
The patent of Japanese authors Kobayashi et al., US Patent 6870128 - LASER BORING METHOD AND SYSTEM, describes laser drilling, where the light beam is fed from the surface to the borehole bottom through optical cable. The system evaporates the rock, but this requires high consumption of energy.
The authors Zhiyue Xu et al. describe in the paper LASER SPALLATION OF ROCKS FOR OIL WELL DRILLING, published in the Proceedings of the 23rd International Congress on Applications of Lasers and Electro-Optics 2004, a method of thermal spallation, which is energetically more favorable, but removal of the crushed material is performed by classical flushing.
Methods of utilization of electric discharge are based on long-term experience in other application areas. The method described in the US Patent 5425570 of the author Wilkinson G. is based on a combination of electric discharge with subsequent explosion of a small amount of an explosive or of an induced aluthermic process.
US Patent 4741405 and US Patent 6761416 of the author W. Moeny describe usage of multiple electrodes with high-voltage discharge in aqueous environment, while removal of the crushed rock is performed by classical flushing.
An analogous method is described also in the US Patent 6935702 of the authors Okazaki et al. CRUSHING APPARATUS ELECTRODE AND CRUSHING APPARATUS with the usage of classical flushing.
The author A.F. Usov describes the use of electric discharge for drilling large diameters of over 1 m with the speed of up to several m/h, realized in the Scientific center Kola of Russian Academy of Sciences. In the patent RU 2059436 CI the author V.V. Maslov describes generation of high voltage pulses for material destruction.
The authors Hirotoshi et al. describe in the paper Pulsed Electric Breakdown and Destruction of Granite, published in Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. Vol. 38 (1999) 6502-6505, successful usage of electric discharge on the typical geothermal rock - granite.
Disclosure of Invention
The above disadvantages are eliminated to a large extent by a method of non-contact disintegration of materials, especially of rock in geothermal deep drillings in geological formations, and a device for performing the method according to this invention, the nature of which consists in that it is a multimodal method of disintegration, utilizing several synergic physical actions to increase the effect of disintegrating.
Method of performing disintegration of materials, especially of rock in geothermal deep drillings in geological formations according to the following points:
1. The chamber of disintegrating device is pressurized from a block of source of pressure hydraulic medium, which may preferably be water, and the disintegrating medium leaves the chamber of disintegrating device under pressure through the nozzle outlet and acting on the material to be disintegrated it disintegrates it, wherein the pressure of disintegrating medium at the chamber outlet is increased in a block for increasing the pressure effect by one of the following ways:
a. by electric arc, formed in a block for creating electric arc, wherein a conducting channel is formed by a breakthrough of high-voltage discharge, explosively expanding bubble is formed, in which high-temperature plasma occurs, which increases the pressure of disintegrating medium and which disrupts the flow of pressure disintegrating medium.
b. or by fuel detonation in a block for generating highly energetic gaseous or liquid beams the energy flow is used to generate one or more highly energetic gaseous or liquid beams, wherein the fuel may consists of one or more components.. Method of disintegrating materials according to point 1, wherein in the chamber, namely in the block for generating electric arc, which is extended with a block for spatial acceleration of the formed channel of electric arc and plasma bubble, there takes place acceleration of the created electric arc through electromagnetic field formed by two or more electrodes for supplying electric current for creation and maintaining the electric arc and formation of electromagnetic field, wherein effect of accelerating the created electric arc and plasma by means of intense electromagnetic field is utilized.
Method of disintegrating materials according to points 1 and 2, wherein in the block for spatial acceleration of the formed channel of electric arc and plasma bubble, the electric arc and plasma formation are accelerated by means of two electrodes, between which the electric arc is formed and the flowing current creates Lorentz forces, which spatially accelerate the arc (rail gun technology).
Method of disintegrating materials according to points 1 to 3, wherein in the block for generating electric arc, which is extended with a block for utilization of magnetic field energy and damping shock waves, there takes place damping of shock waves by means of a liquid, occurring outside the space between the electrodes.
Method of disintegrating materials according to points 1 to 4, wherein block for utilizing magnetic field energy and damping shock waves is also filled by disintegrating medium, and the disintegrating medium is pushed by the force action of electrodes out of the side nozzles of the block for utilization of magnetic field energy and damping shock waves into the space of material disintegration, wherein the method of generating a liquid beam by impact of two planes under mutually acute angle is utilized.
Method of disintegrating materials according to points 1 to 5, wherein at the nozzle output the already created electric arc is maintained by means of further electrodes using an energy source designated for that purpose.
Method of disintegrating materials according to points 1 to 6, wherein the fuel is enriched by explosive additive increasing the detonation effect.
Method of disintegrating materials according to points 1 to 7, wherein the disintegrating medium, which disintegrates the material, is water, preferably heated up to supercritical temperature.
Device for performing method according to points 1 to 8, containing a block of source of pressure disintegrating medium, a chamber with outlet nozzle arranged so that the block of source of disintegrating medium is attached to the chamber, wherein the device is equipped with at least two parallel electrodes as sources of electric current for creating and maintaining electric arc and forming electromagnetic field, located in the inner space of the chamber, the length of which is substantially greater than their thickness and they are attached to the source at the opposite end of the chamber than the outlet nozzle. 0. Device according to point 9, where the chamber is divided in an inner and an outer part, and either the chamber contains in its inner part the block for increasing pressure effect, containing the block for creation of electric arc, and in its outer part it contains the block for utilizing magnetic field energy and damping shock waves and the block for spatial acceleration of the created electric arc channel and plasma bubble, or the chamber contains the block for generating highly energetic gaseous or liquid beams in the block for increasing pressure effect.
1. Device according to points 9 and 10, wherein the electrodes are mounted movably.2. Device according to points 9 to 11, wherein the shape of inner walls of the chamber together with the pressure disintegrating medium inlet is formed in the shape of reflection surfaces for concentrating and directing the shock waves.
3. Device according to points 9 to 12, wherein side inlets of disintegrating medium open into the space of the block for utilizing magnetic field energy and damping shock waves, and side nozzles for outlet of disintegrating medium open from the space of the block for utilizing magnetic field energy and damping shock waves.
The innovation in this invention consists of the method of non-contact disintegration with the following functionalities:
• Disintegration of a material by synergy of several physical processes
• Utilization of electric arc for interrupting, modulating of high-pressure hydraulic disintegrating medium for pulsation, increasing the effect of stagnation energy
• Utilization of electric arc and subsequent plasma bubble for additional increase of pressure of the high-pressure hydraulic disintegrating medium
• Spatial acceleration and throwing the channel of electric arc together with the plasma bubble by means of strong magnetic field out of the nozzle of disintegrating device in the direction of material being disintegrated
• Increase of energetic effect of the explosive plasma bubble by means of regeneration of initial state of the arc surrounded with disintegrating medium having the initial temperature before creation of the arc
• Utilization of shock waves produced by the electric arc and directing them into the block of nozzle outlet
• Utilization of lateral forces of accelerating electromagnetic field for contribution to the overall effect of the device for non-contact disintegrating of materials and reduction of undesirable destructive shock waves • Utilization of detonation for increasing the pressure effect for disintegration.
Advantageousnes of the invention consists mainly of an increased effect of the device and utilization of the device also in aqueous environment at high pressures and temperatures.
Brief Description of Drawings
Fig. 1 shows the device for performing non-contact disintegrating of materials, especially of rock in geothermal deep drillings in geological formations.
Modes for Carrying out the Invention
Example 1
An example of a preferable device according to the invention is shown in Fig. 1.
Main parts of this device are shown, so that structures of particular functional blocks and their cooperation should be clear.
Device for performing the method of material disintegrating, containing block 1 of source of pressure disintegrating medium 2, chamber 3 with outlet nozzle 5, arranged so, that block i of source of pressure disintegrating medium 2 is attached to chamber 3, at least two parallel electrodes 13 as sources of electric current for creating and maintaining the electric arc and formation of electromagnetic field located vertically in chamber 3, their length being considerably greater than their thickness and they are attached to the source at the opposite end of chamber 3 relative to outlet nozzle 5.
Chamber 3 is divided into an inner and an outer part, wherein the inner part of chamber 3 contains block 4 for increasing pressure effect and this block contains block 7 for creating electric arc and the outer part of chamber 3 contains block 9 for utilizing magnetic field energy and damping shock waves and block 8 of spatial acceleration of the created channel of electric arc and plasma bubble.
Electrodes 13 are mounted movably.
The shape of inner walls of chamber 3 together with the pressure disintegrating medium 2 inlet is formed in the shape of reflection surfaces for concentrating and directing the shock waves.
Side inlets 10 of disintegrating medium 2 open into the space of block 9 for utilizing magnetic field energy and damping shock waves, and side nozzles 12 for outlet of disintegrating medium 2 open from the space of block 9 for utilizing magnetic field energy and damping shock waves.
Example 2
A preferable method of material disintegrating according to this invention is described.
From block \ of source of pressure disintegrating medium, disintegrating medium 2 is pushed under pressure into chamber 3 of the disintegrating device. In chamber 3 of the disintegrating device, block 7 for creating electric arc is present, in which electric arc originates. Due to the electric arc, medium flow is interrupted in order to increase the effect of disintegrating medium 2 directed through the outlet of nozzle 5 to material 6 being disintegrated. Block 8 for spatial acceleration of the created electric arc channel and plasma bubble, situated in chamber 3, allows:
1. Accelerated shift of the channel of created electric arc for the purpose of increasing pressure of the disintegrating medium 2 in the direction of the opening of outlet of nozzle 5 by means of explosive expansion of the plasma bubble.
2. Spatial shift of the channel of created electric arc to the interface at the surface of plasma bubble and disintegrating medium 2, allowing intense heat exchange between electric arc and disintegrating medium 2, similarly as at the electric arc creation, and contributing to increasing the effect of explosive expansion of plasma bubble, which results in an increase of energetic effect of explosive plasma bubble by means of regeneration of initial state of the arc, surrounded by disintegrating medium having initial temperature before creation of the arc.
3. Throwing out from chamber 3 through the outlet of nozzle 5 in the direction of material 6 being disintegrated for the purpose of that collapse and cavitation of plasma bubble occur outside the space of outlet of nozzle 5 near by or on the material 6 being disintegrated.
4. Utilization of lateral forces of accelerating electromagnetic field to contribute to overall effect of the device for non-contact disintegration of materials and reduction of undesirable destructive shock waves in block 9 for utilizing magnetic field energy and damping shock waves transformation of lateral forces of magnetic field occurs in block 8 for spatial acceleration of the created electric arc channel and plasma bubble for pressure action, which pushes water in the space of block 9 for utilizing magnetic field energy and damping shock waves through side nozzles in the direction of the rock being disintegrated. Thereby damping of destructive forces on the surroundings and, simultaneously, utilization of lateral forces for effective disintegration energy take place. Side inlets 10 of water ensure regeneration of the initial state and possibility to repeat the cycle.
Disintegrating medium is water heated up to the supercritical temperature.
At the outlet of nozzle 5, already created electric arc is maintained by means of further electrodes and an energy source, designated for that purpose.
Example 3
Example 3 is identical with Example 2 with the difference that pressure of disintegrating medium 2 at the outlet of chamber 3 increases in block 4 for increasing pressure effect of chamber 3 by fuel detonation in block 14 for generating highly energetic gaseous or liquid beams. The energy flow is used for generating one or several highly energetic gaseous or liquid beams, wherein the fuel may consist of one ore more components.
The fuel is enriched by explosive additive increasing the effect of detonation.
In this method, device according to Example 1 is used with the difference that chamber 3 in block 7 for increasing the pressure effect contains block 14 for generating highly energetic gaseous or liquid beams.
Industrial Applicability
The present invention may be utilized in the area of disintegration of geological formations, for cultivation for cleaning, disinfection by means of developed high pressure.
Reference signs
1. Block (1) of source of pressure disintegrating medium
2. Disintegrating medium (2)
3. Chamber (3)
4. Block (4) for increasing pressure effect
5. Outlet nozzle (5)
6. Disintegrated material (6)
7. Block (7) for creating electric arc
8. Block (8) of spatial acceleration of the created channel of electric arc and plasma bubble 9. Block (9) for utilizing magnetic field energy and damping shock waves
10. Side inlets (10) of disintegrating medium
11. Source ( 11 ) of the magnetic field
12. Side nozzles (12)
13. Electrodes (13)
14. Block (14) for generating highly energetic gaseous or liquid beams

Claims

Claims
1. Method of disintegrating materials, especially of rock in geothermal deep drillings in geological formations, in which chamber (3) of disintegrating device is filled from a block (1) of source of pressurized disintegrating medium by disintegrating medium (2), and disintegrating medium (2) leaves chamber (3) of disintegrating device under pressure through outlet of nozzle (5) and acting on the material to be disintegrated it disintegrates it, characterized in that the pressure of disintegrating medium (2) at the outlet of chamber (3) is increased in block (4) for increasing the pressure effect of chamber (3) by one of the following ways:
a) by electric arc, created in block (7) for creating electric arc of chamber (3), wherein a conducting channel is formed by a breakthrough of high- voltage discharge, explosively expanding bubble is formed, in which high-temperature plasma is present, which increases the pressure of disintegrating medium (2) and which disrupts the flow of pressure disintegrating medium (2).
b) or by fuel detonation in block (14) for generating highly energetic gaseous or liquid beams the energy flow is used to generate one or more highly energetic gaseous or liquid beams, wherein the fuel may consists of one or more components.
2. Method of disintegrating materials according to claim 1, characterized in that in chamber (3), namely in block (7) for creating electric arc, which is extended with block (8) for spatial acceleration of the formed channel of electric arc and plasma bubble, there takes place acceleration of the created electric arc through electromagnetic field formed by two or more electrodes for supplying electric current for creating and maintaining the electric arc and formation of electromagnetic field, wherein effect of acceleration of the created electric arc and plasma by means of intensive electromagnetic field is utilized.
3. Method of disintegrating materials according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that in block (8) for spatial acceleration of the formed channel of electric arc and plasma bubble, the electric arc and plasma formation are accelerated by means of two electrodes, between which electric arc is created, and the flowing current creates Lorentz forces, which spatially accelerate the arc (rail gun technology).
4. Method of disintegrating materials according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that in block (7) for creating electric arc, which is extended with block (9) for utilizing magnetic field energy and damping shock waves, damping of shock waves takes place by means of the liquid, occurring outside the space, which is between the electrodes.
5. Method of disintegrating materials according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that block (9) for utilizing magnetic field energy and damping shock waves is also filled by disintegrating medium (2), and this disintegrating medium is by forcing action of electrodes pushed through side nozzles (12) of block (9) for utilizing magnetic field energy and damping shock waves into the material disintegrating space, wherein the method of generating a liquid beam by impact of two planes under mutually acute angle is utilized.
6. Method of disintegrating materials according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at the outlet of nozzle (5) already created electric arc is maintained by means of further electrodes using an energy source designated for that purpose.
7. Method of disintegrating materials according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the fuel is enriched with explosive additive increasing the effect of detonation.
8. Method of disintegrating materials according to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the disintegrating medium (2), which disintegrates the material, is water, preferably heated up to supercritical temperature.
9. Device for performing the method according to claims 1 to 8, containing block (1) of source of pressurized disintegrating medium (2), chamber (3) with outlet nozzle (5) arranged so that block (1) of source of disintegrating medium (2) is attached to chamber (3), characterized in that it is equipped with at least two parallel electrodes (8) as sources of electric current for creation and maintaining electric arc and formation of electromagnetic field, their length being substantially greater than their thickness and they are attached to the source at the opposite end of the chamber (3) than the outlet nozzle (5).
10. Device according to claim 9, characterized in that chamber (3) is divided into an inner and an outer part, where the inner part of chamber (3) contains block (4) for increasing pressure effect and this block contains block (7) for creating electric arc and the outer part of chamber (3) contains block (9) for utilizing magnetic field energy and damping shock waves and block (8) of spatial acceleration of the created channel of electric arc and plasma bubble, or block (4) for increasing pressure effect contains block (14) for generating highly energetic gaseous or liquid beams.
11. Device according to claims 9 and 10, characterized in that the electrodes (8) are mounted movably.
12. Device according to claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the shape of inner walls of chamber (3) together with the pressure disintegrating medium (2) inlet is formed in the shape of reflection surfaces for concentrating and directing the shock waves.
13. Device according to claims 9 to 12, characterized in that side inlets (10) of disintegrating medium (2) open into the space of block (9) for utilizing magnetic field energy and damping shock waves, and side nozzles (12) for outlet of disintegrating medium (2) open from the space of block (9) for utilizing magnetic field energy and damping shock waves.
PCT/SK2010/050016 2009-09-24 2010-08-24 Method of disintegrating materials and device for performing the method WO2011037546A2 (en)

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