WO2010041918A1

WO2010041918A1 - Automotive electrochemical reactor

Info

Publication number: WO2010041918A1
Application number: PCT/MX2008/000135
Authority: WO
Inventors: José Luis PALLARES MARTINEZ; Ramón HERNÁNDEZ ALARCÓN
Original assignee: Pallares Martinez Jose Luis; Hernandez Alarcon Ramon
Priority date: 2008-10-08
Filing date: 2008-10-08
Publication date: 2010-04-15

Abstract

The present invention relates to a reactor which comprises electronic, physical and chemical components for increasing the efficiency of fuel (petrol or diesel fuel) as well as reducing pollution with a reduction in the emission of sulphur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), particulate matter and carbon monoxide (CO), by means of the combined effects of catalysis of the fuel molecules and ionization, the aim being to achieve a better performance (kilometres per litre of fuel). The present invention is intended to increase the efficiency of internal combustion engines for motor vehicles or other types of application and uses a valve control system for optimizing operation of the system.

Description

AUTOMOTIVE ELECTROCHEMICAL REACTOR

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Technical field of the invention:

The present invention relates to a reactor comprising electronic, physical and chemical components to enhance the fuel efficiency (gasoline or diesel), in addition to reducing pollution by reducing the emission of sulfur dioxide (SO ₂ ), nitrogen oxides ( NOx), particulate material and carbon monoxide (CO), through the combined effects of catalysis of the fuel molecules, and ionization, whose goal is to obtain a higher yield (kilometers per liter of fuel). The present invention is aimed at increasing the performance of internal combustion engines for motor vehicles or other applications and uses a valve control system to optimize the operation of the system.

Background of the invention

It is important to note that the negative effects derived from the contamination of the air by combustion wastes whose effects are already living today, such as the greenhouse effect worldwide, that today demand immediate corrective and preventive actions that control in a way reliable and permanent, to the sources promoting these polluting emissions.

Considering that the inclusion of HIGH TECHNOLOGY and the appropriate technical maintenance are the key so that internal combustion vehicles reduce their fuel consumption in parallel with their emission levels of pollutants such as CO, HC, NOx, C02 and S02 and consequently they can thus contribute and counteract the effects derived from air pollution. These premises originate and give reason to our TECHNOLOGICAL PROPOSAL. Consequently, talking about the reduction of pollution from combustion waste leads us in parallel with the search for high fuel efficiency for vehicular use, which is an issue that in the last decade has taken great importance internationally, mainly due to the high Gasoline costs, as one of the consequences of the imminent decrease in oil reserves in the United States of North America, and of the economic and political power that this and the large oil producers are systematically exercising, on the countries least favored by these energetic Proof of this concern is that the greats of the International Automotive Industry, since 1998, unveiled their new experimental vehicles with engines for alternate use of their cylinders, as well as in 2005 GMC, TOYOTA, HONDA and others Manufacturers unveiled their Hybrid Experimental Vehicles (Electric and Gasoline) and whose purpose in principle seeks to achieve high fuel efficiency in transit from the City.

The use of magnetic fields as combustion fluid conditioners has been previously treated by different authors, among which we can cite the US patent application US2008190771 (Tao Rongjia, et al.) Where a magnetic apparatus is mentioned for The treatment of a fluid. Another application for this purpose is the international patent application published as WO 2008093204, which refers to a process for the treatment of a liquid fuel comprising a pair of permanent magnets that have the same polarity, defining among them an area T of Liquid fuel treatment, coupled at a distance of no more than 80 centimeters from the combustion chamber.

The patent application JP 2008121442 proposes an arrangement of cylindrical magnets placed in the axial direction and a plurality of tubular magnets regulated on the periphery thereof.

Patent application WO2006099657 refers to an apparatus for the continuous addition of tin to a fuel. The apparatus comprises: a non-magnetic cylinder, said cylinder has suitable ends to engage in a fuel line; a lateral magnetic ring within each end of said cylinder where the poles of said magnets are opposite, and said magnet and each of said magnets are protected within a magnetic material that protects the weight and periphery of said magnet. At least one external magnetic member placed between said magnets; an internal lateral member adjacent to said magnets, said member has a plurality of openings for the passage of fuel and a plurality of tin-coated discs between said lateral members and adjacent tin-coated discs having between them an abrasion plate comprising a Sawn disc with abrasive surfaces.

The US patent application US2008041350 refers to a system for improving combustion in internal combustion machines. This invention improves the efficiency of combustion and reduces pollution by emissions of internal combustion engines, by reforming hydrocarbon-derived fuels to obtain complete combustion. This is a system that is accompanied by a pre-ignition fuel treatment device in which large and complex hydrocarbon molecules are fractured into smaller and simple molecules. In this system the fracture process is carried out in the presence of a catalyst consisting of an iron rod.

The Chinese patent application CN1386973 to a fuel-saving cleaner consisting of a cylindrical transport chamber and a magnetized cylindrical chamber, which are parallel contained in a container and communicated through its upper parts. Said cylindrical conveyor chambers have in their upper part the fuel inlet with a dense catalyst of platinum (Pt) net. Said magnetized cylindrical chamber that has an outlet in the bottom, is divided into several magnetic cavities of steel. Its advantage is a simple structure, a small size, high performance, lower smoke concentrations, savings of 5.7% fuel and lower carbon deposits in the cylinder.

United States Patent US5882514 refers to an apparatus for the magnetic treatment of a fluid consisting of a magnetic cartridge arranged inside a shell such that it forms a passage between the inlet and the outlet of The shell and which has components to subject the fluid to turbulence forces and magnetic forces. The magnetic cartridge comprises magnetic discs and one or both central or annular passages through the shell. The annular passage can also be defined by a spiral winding to accelerate the fluid, and the winding and the surface of the cartridge can be made of catalytic metals to improve the fuel treatment.

International publication WO9727272 refers to an invention that belongs to the field of engine design and can be used for the treatment of fuel and oil used in internal combustion engines. This method includes generating turbulence in the flow of fuel and passing it through a permanent magnetic field at an angle between 0 and 88 degrees, or 180 and 268 degrees, relative to a plane located along the lines of The force of the magnetic field and of crossing the active zone that encompasses the largest number of these lines, the tension of said magnetic field that varies between 100 and 3000 oersteds. During the operation of the engine, the engine lubricant materials and metals are subjected to the action of the treated fuel for a duration t that exceeds one second. This action is repeated in the time intervals T = (1x10) t during which the fuel and the air-fuel mixture is treated by the catalytic action using the treated fuel and the materials and metals of the engine lubricant. The device includes a fuel tank (1), a fuel pipe (2), a fuel pump (3) and a magnetization system (4) that in turn encompasses a body (5) of non-magnetic material that includes a permanent magnetic field source (6) with a magnetic conductor (7) surrounding the flow channel (9) of the fuel pipe.

Russian patent RU2118690 refers to a method that involves the turbulent flow of the fuel and its passage through DC magnetic field at an angle <EMI ID = 0.491 HE = 6 Wl = 24 TI = CHI> or <EMI ID = 0.492 HE = 6 Wl = 36 TI = CHI> 0 to the plane along lines of magnetic field of force that crosses the region where the largest number of these lines is acting on the magnetic field strength H = 100-30,000 Oe , The exposure of engine lubricants and metals to fuel thus treated while the engine is running for a time t for less than 1 s, this action which is at repeated interval time T = (1-10T = (1-106) t6) t within which the fuel and The fuel air mixture is treated by exposing it to the catalytic effect of lubricants and the treated metals of the engine. This method is executed by a device consisting of a fuel tank, the fuel line, the fuel transfer pump, and magnetic facility that incorporates a non-magnetic cover that accommodates the source of the magnetic field of the DC with the circuit magnetic around the pipe flow channel of the gasoline made in the shape of a horseshoe whose ends are interconnected through a bridge and having a groove in the center of its arc; the internal ends of grooved edges are bevelled. The flow channel is passed through this groove at the angle of its edges. The bridge mounts the source of the magnetic field of the CC. whose posts are perpendicular to the horseshoe plane.

Document CN1155623 refers to a gasification catalyst to break the molecules of a fuel, which will be installed in the carburetor for a higher function. It consists of an aerosol-coated piezoelectric ceramic tube and a liner, instead of the carburetor tube and injector that connects the spiral tube, coupled with the turbine. Its exchanger air filters for the turbine and the magnetic turbine are connected and rotate coaxially. Under the catalytic rupture and pressurization in the carburetor, the fuel is disintegrated into ultra fine particles and they are completely combined with oxygen in the air, the increasing pressure, density, mechanical energy and burst ignition speed of the gas mixed with fuel, improving performance, fuel efficiency, saving energy and reducing environmental pollution.

US patent US5331807 refers to a magnetic apparatus for conditioning incoming air and fuel to an internal combustion engine to improve the operation of the engine. The air and the fuel, including the diesel fuel, are in accordance with the lines of force of the opposite posts of the magnets mounted in the lines of the admission of the air and of fuel. In another embodiment, it is also used to reduce unwanted emissions, the exhaust that leads to the catalytic converter and the catalytic converter are subject to the fields magnetic of the opposite posts of magnets. Other modalities provide for the use of magnets in ovens to improve efficiency and reduce unwanted emissions in such devices.

The Japanese document Extract of JP63167062 refers to an apparatus for improving combustion by passing the air between magnetic fields of the ferrites that are polymerized with appropriate intervals in appropriate numbers to cause the catalytic reaction and thereby generating less ions and reducing them in the oxide having fewer ions for the combustion of CH fuel. The invention in one embodiment uses a ferrite and a plane using ferrite, which is placed in a set of rubber plates and placed and retained within a cylindrical cover by using two mounting tubes provided in the discharge ports. A common sheet for the partition wall is placed between each ferrite to form a slit and both ferrites polymerize with the N and S posts in the opposition and are held in a body with the favorable plates of the frame, which has two tubes of the connection. And the reaction of the catalyst is caused and the negative ion is generated leaving the air, which is sucked in by the negative pressure of an engine, crosses through the magnetic field of the slit and the ion dissolves in the oxide and then burns of the combination with the fuel of the CH.

The purpose of the JP63050655 patent is to improve fuel efficiency, by superimposing a bottomless ferrite cover and making the opposite N and S posts in the installation of a small separation, their determination in a filter element of air, and the generation of negative ions with strong negative air pressure.

Japanese patent JP62233467 provides a complete combustion of fuel, feeding air from a vacuum machine to a magnetic field generated between ferrites supplying oxidized negative ions and sending them to a combustion chamber or the like and subsequently synthesizing the ions with CH fuel. Other similar documents are Japanese patents JP62085164, JP60224964, JP60224963. In these documents only Ia is considered application of magnetic fields to the combustion air inlet, being limited in all cases to the generation of ions to improve the combustion reaction.

While all the inventions described above consider the use of magnetic fields to fracture large and branched molecules into simpler molecules, in addition to pointing out the catalytic effects of magnetic fields or the ex-professed use of catalytic materials, they do not completely solve the problem. since none of them has an electronic command center that stimulates and controls the ionization and the chemical reaction of the catalysts allowing a variable response through the censorship of the exhaust gases and the control of intake valves. Nor do they describe control methods to permanently adjust the intake and proportion of the air fuel mixture, in the different stages of the vehicle.

Brief description of the figures

Figure 1 is a diagram of the integrated electrochemical reactor system.

Figure 2 is a block diagram of the basic electronic circuit. Figure 3 is a cross-sectional diagram of the electromagnetic and catalyst assembly

Figure 4 is an electronic diagram of the basic (non-limiting) design of the relay circuit

Figure 5 is a diagram of the basic design (not limiting) for air injection valves and / or water vapor

Figure 6 is a diagram (not limiting) basic circuit for the regulation of voltage _^.

Figure 7 is a basic (non-limiting) design for signal conditioning. Figure 8 is a basic micro controller circuit design (not limiting).

Figure 9 is a basic design (not limiting) of the integration of the layout schemes. Figure 10 is a diagram of the integrated air injection and / or water vapor metering valves.

Detailed description of the invention.

The present invention relates to a fuel booster system (gasoline or diesel) that has the advantage of reducing polluting emissions in internal combustion engines, either with carburetor or with fuel injection systems.

The innovation is. It is based on an electronic system that excites and controls the chemical reaction that occurs in catalysts immersed in specific fuel and exhaust gas containers.

Figure 1 shows a diagram of the electrochemical reactor integrated in a vehicle, where you can see the components of the invention that incorporates an electronic command (1), a "reactor vessel" (5) that incorporates an electromagnetic assembly inside and catalysts, an air injection valve (3), a condenser (4), and the parts of the vehicle that are around the invention such as current switch (7), battery (8), vehicle computer ( 9), injector rail (10), intake manifold (11), air purifier (12), internal combustion engine (13), catalytic converter (14), oxygen sensor (15), exhaust outlet (16), and electric fuel pump (17). This figure illustrates the application as a whole and its interaction with the parts that make up the vehicle.

The fuel is fed by the pump (17) to the reactor (5) where the dispersion and enrichment of the fuel molecules is carried out. The treated fuel is sent to the injector rail (10) to mix with the air coming from the filter (12) to the intake manifold (11). The mixture is fed to the combustion chambers of the engine (13) where the combustion is carried out and the gases produced by the combustion are generated, which are expelled from the engine, to the catalytic converter (14) and subsequently to a tube of escape (18). Prior to Catalytic converter is an oxygen sensor (15) that measures the state of the mixture of the gases expelled (poor mixture, rich mixture or intermediate mixture) depending on this variable, a signal is sent to the computer of the vehicle and another to the command electronic (1) and based on this parameter, the computer will be responsible for regulating the amount of fuel that will be sent by the injectors (10) to the combustion chambers of the engine (13). On the other hand, the system has an exhaust gas outlet (16) that is sent to a condenser (4) to separate the steam from the combustion gases and subsequently the steam is fed through the steam injection valves (3 ) to the air intake manifold (12) by means of a feed nozzle (19) to impoverish the mixture according to what is required for an ideal combustion. One of the advantages of the invention lies in depleting the mixture of air fuel with water vapor to cool the combustion chamber and thus reduce the formation of NOx.

It is important to mention that so far no fuel pretreatment system for internal combustion engines has an integral control system of this nature.

The present invention incorporates as part of the novelty, a set of electronic circuits figures 2, 4, 6, 7 8 and 9, specifically designed to meet the following technical operational characteristics

First: for a control system based on three conditions and two states. In which initially the system receives the analog signal from a sensor that has 0 to 1 volt of direct current

Second: in cases where the voltage received is less than or equal to 0.5 VDC, the output signal will be equal to 1 logic with a value of 5 VDC and for the values of 0.8 and 1.0 VDC the output signal will be equal to "0" logical. The system has three LEDs (light emitting diodes) indicators of each state and each will turn on depending on the level of voltage received from the sensor, only one at a time. Third: the logic output will feed one or more relays that activate the air injection valve and / or water vapor. The relay voltage is 12 VDC with a current less than 1 Ampere. The entire system has a supply voltage of 12 VDC and the level of voltage required for the output depends on the relay (s) selected. Likewise, the ELECTRO-COILS (30) of the "reactor vessel" (5) and the capacitor (4) will be activated by the signal of one or more relays.

The system consists of an electronic command (1), with integrated circuits that is friendly with the original electronic controls of the vehicles. This command controls the switching sequence of the electromagnetic coils (30), in synchrony with the devices to temporarily activate or cancel the use of the air injection valve (42) or water vapor (43) that have been designed specifically for this function, with its components such as, the lid (44), the steam inlet connector (45), the air intake connector (46), the steam nozzle (47) for the intake manifold , the filter (48) and the removable cap

(49).

It is important to note that the electromagnetic valves (42) are activated by the electronic command (1), to inject small amounts of air into the multiple intake pipe (11) of the engine (13), to deplete the air-fuel mixture.

In parallel with the injection of water vapor from the valves (43), which is obtained from the recovery of exhaust gases through the condenser (4) which refers to an apparatus for the magnetic treatment of exhaust gases, which It consists of a magnetic collector arranged inside a shell that forms a passage between the inlet and the outlet of the collector and that has components to subject the fluid to turbulence forces and magnetic forces. The magnetic collector comprises magnetic discs and one or more passages through a catalyst monolith and the shell, to improve the treatment of the exhaust gases. Figure 2 is a block diagram where the design of the basic electronic circuit where the battery (8) the voltage regulator (20), the censor (15), the signal conditioning circuit (21) is illustrated , the micro processor (9), the relay (23) the set of electromagnetic coils (30) and injection valve (3) and the indicators (26). The diagram shows the control command system (1) for the switching of the electromagnetic coils (30) and for the opening and closing of the air injection and / or water vapor valves in the intake system of engine fuel. This system is used for the development of subsequent systems, from this system the design and wiring tests of the system are carried out to cover the objectives indicated as a novelty of the invention.

Figure 3 shows the electromagnetic assembly that excites and controls the chemical reaction of the catalysts (6) immersed in specific fuel containers.

The invention incorporates a set of electronic, chemical and physical elements called "REACTOR VESSEL" or reactor (5) that operate as a whole transform the fuel molecules, enriching it by the hydrogenation action through the use of rhodium catalysts (6) ( Rh) supported and others (promoted by silicon (Si) and others). The action of silicon modifies the conversion at all reaction temperatures, obtaining greater selectivity of the catalysts (6) towards the fuel molecules (gasoline or diesel) to hydrogenate them. Likewise, the ionization occurs when the fuel passes through the magnetic field of the "reactor vessel" (5), modifying its orientation, whereby the fuel molecules disperse and divide causing the changes to facilitate hydrogenation and combination. of the fuel with oxygen, to finally obtain a powerful and excellent combustion. .

The reactor vessel has a fuel intake duct (27), catalytic monoliths to boost the fuel (6), magnetic anvils (28), a set of permanent magnets (33), an electromagnetic coil (30) that receives pulses from the electronic command for the ionization of the fuel (1), a connector for the coil electromagnetic (29), a spark plug to heat the fuel (32) and an outlet duct for the potentialized fuel (31).

Figure 3 shows the electromagnetic assembly (2) that excites and controls the chemical reaction of the catalysts (6) immersed in specific fuel containers called REACTOR VESSEL or reactor (5), thus, the fuel that comes from the electric pump ( 17), it is introduced through the connector (27) and passes through the preheating spark plug (32), and with working temperature the fuel molecules expand and gasify, to pass immediately, through the magnetic fields established by the magnetic anvils (28), which are activated by the electromagnetic coils (30), these are coupled with the connectors of the coils (29), and receive the electrical pulses ordered by the electronic command (1). The magnetic or fuel treatment fields are generated with the collision of positive poles exerted by the permanent magnets (33) installed in series, and in this way, the ionization occurs when the fuel passes through the magnetic field of the VASE-REACTOR ( 5). Under these conditions, the fuel passes through the plurality of conduits of the catalyst substrates (6), modifying its orientation, whereby the fuel molecules are dispersed and divided causing the changes to facilitate hydrogenation and the combination of the fuel with the oxygen, and in this way, the enriched fuel, exits through the nozzle (31), to load the rail of fuel injectors (10), or if necessary to the coupling pipe with the carburetor of the engine (not illustrated) of concerned and finally obtain an excellent and powerful combustion.

Figure 4 is an electronic diagram of the relay circuit control circuit for valve control. For the output design of the relay (s), transistors are used to obtain a more effective result in the implementation with the car, thus the voltage and current levels that are occupied in the relay and the air injection valves can be easily managed. I steam. Figure 5 is a diagram of the basic design (not limiting) for the air injection valves (42) and / or water vapor (43), where the following components are shown: the spring gauge (35) (36) connector (37), membrane (38) piston (39), regulating valve (40), calibrator (41), solenoid valve (42), water vapor metering valve (43) and cover (44), the inlet connector steam (45), the air intake connector (46), the supply nozzle (47) of vapors to the intake manifold, the filter (48) and the removable plug (49).

It is important to note that the electromagnetic valves (42) are activated by the electronic command (1), to inject small amounts of air into the multiple intake pipe (11) of the engine (13), to deplete the air-fuel mixture, provided that The oxygen sensor (16) sends the signal that the fuel mixture is loaded with fuel, that is, it is MIXED RICH.

Thus, the relay (34) receives the signal and orders the activation of the valve (42) for the injection of air and simultaneously the water vapor injection valves (43) are activated, to refresh the air-fuel mixture and reduce Consequently, the formation of nitrogen oxides. Water vapor is obtained by recovering exhaust gases in the CONDENSER (4).

In the same figure 10 the components of the CONDENSER (4) are described in a non-limiting manner. This shows the electromagnetic coils (30) that magnetize the magnetic anvils (50), which receive the electrical pulses through the connectors (51), the permanent magnets (52), to form the magnetic field that allows the polymerization in intervals suitable, the catalyst substrate (53), the filter (54), the discharge connector (45) and the exhaust gas inlet connector (55).

The electronic command consists of different electronic modules that are identified as:

Voltage regulation (56) figure 6 Signal conditioning (57) figure 7 Micro controller (58) figure 8 Relay and valves (34) figure 4

The voltage regulation module (56) is used to adapt the voltage that comes from the car battery since the micro controller works with 5VDC.

Signal conditioning module (57). This segment of the circuit amplifies the signal sent by the sensor, in order to increase the resolution and take advantage of the capacity of the microcontroller. Having a range of 0 to 5 Volts in the microcontroller, the sensor signal is multiplied by 5.

Analyzing the circuit, operational amplifier in non-inverting configuration, in order to have a gain of 5 we have to:

/ Rf \ f B2k \

Ψo = Vi 11 + -p) = lvoltn + - J = 4.727voits

In this way we achieve a scaling in the voltage and reference levels for the control circuit.

Voltage Voltage Level LED Status of Ia

Air / Fuel amplified input Ignition valve

(VCD) (VCD) air.

Poor 0.8 to 1.0 3.78 to 4.727 Red ON

Lambda 0.6 to 0.79 2.83 to 3.73 Yellow OFF

Rich 0 to 0.59 0 to 2.78 Green OFF

In the proven values, the exact range of 0 to 5 volts is achieved due to the resistance values.

Micro controller (48) The system controller is presented in the previous figure and its performance depends on the programming, which was performed according to the requirements of the different operations required and the calculations were made with the objective of having a logical and automatic response according to the changes of the sensor that emits the operation signals of the combustion of the fuel mixture.

For programming the digital values that the controller will receive are considered, the analog range of voltage values is from 0 to 5VDC; using 8 bits we have 256 possible values to convert to digital values these will be from 0000 0000 to 1111 1111 or hexadecimal values is from 00 to FF.

Mix Indicator Voltage Range Decimal digital value

Poor Red 3.78 to 5 185 to 255 B9 to FF

Yellow Lambda 2.83 to 3.73 130 to 184 82 to B8

Rica Verde 0 to 2.78 0 to 129 00 to 81

The advantage of using software for this type of applications in control is that it is easy to make the modifications that are required during startup, without changing the circuit hardware. The design software used is CodeVision AVR and its own programming language C program was generated.

For the 'in-system' programming of this design it is essential to use a computer with a parallel port by installing two programs, which are mentioned below.

First the driver contained in the p95nt.zip package, which must be installed on the computer to use and restart the computer.

After this, a folder is created on the hard disk C: and the documents in the avw1245r5.zip file are decompressed into a new folder. After this it is possible to program the microcontrollers, with the commands given below, the connection with the microcontroller is delicate. Referring to the data sheet of the microcontroller the connections that must be made are:

Finally, if the connections are made and the programs have been installed, the command prompt or MS-DOS is used to program. Being on the screen, one is located in Root folder where the program was decompressed and the following commands are used:

C: \ jopall> avreal32 + MEGA8 -p1 -vg -oO -fCKLESL = F -v -w

The above command is necessary when the micro controller must configure the fuses so that the oscillator is well configured, when doing this once, it is not necessary to repeat it.

C: \ jopall> avreal32 + MEGA8 -p1 -vg -oO -e -b -w -v L.EXAH

The previous command will be necessary to introduce the program to the micro controller with which it works automatically.

Figure 9 shows the integration of the electronic circuits (45) (46) (47) and (48) that comprise the electronic command.

Claims

CLAIMS:

1. A fuel saving system consisting of a battery for power supply (8), a power switch (7), vehicle computer (9), injector rail (10), intake manifold (11), air purifier (12), internal combustion engine (13), catalytic converter for combustion gases (14), oxygen sensor (15) located before the entrance to the catalytic converter, exhaust gas outlet (16) to Ia Catalytic converter output, and electric fuel pump (17) characterized in that the system has an electronic command (1), an air vapor injection valve and / or water vapor (3), a condenser (4) which recovers steam from combustion gases, and a reactor vessel (5) that has catalysts, permanent magnets and electromagnetic coils for the adaptation of the mixture that will be fed to the internal combustion engine.

2. Electrochemical reactor vessel for conditioning fuel consisting of a reactor vessel that has a fuel intake duct (27), catalytic monoliths to boost the fuel (28), a magnetic anvil (31), a set of permanent magnets ( 30), an electronic command (1) an electromagnetic coil that receives pulses from an electronic command for the ionization of the fuel (30), a connector for the electromagnetic coil (29), a spark plug for preheating the fuel (30) and a outlet pipe for potentialized fuel (31).

3. An electrochemical reactor vessel as claimed in clause 2 characterized in that the catalyst is rhodium supported on silicon.

4. A condenser for conditioning combustion gases for an internal combustion engine that has a set of electromagnetic coils that magnetize the magnetic anvils which receive electrical pulses to form a magnetic field, a set of permanent magnets, a filter, a substrate catalyst and flue gas charge and flue gas outlet connectors.

5. A method for conditioning combustion gases for an internal combustion engine that consists of passing the combustion gases through a condenser where the gases are transported through a magnetic field and a catalyst substrate that allows the recovery of water vapor.

6. An apparatus like the one claimed in clause 1 where the condenser has a set of electromagnetic coils, magnetic anvils, permanent magnets, connectors, catalyst substrate, filter, discharge connector and exhaust gas inlet connector.

7. Method for conditioning fuel in an internal combustion engine where an electromagnetic assembly (2) excites and controls the chemical catalysis reaction that is carried out in the silicon-supported rhodium catalysts (28) that are immersed in a specific fuel containers called reactor vessel or reactor (5), where the fuel that comes from the electric pump (17), is introduced through the connector (27) and passes through a preheated fuel spark plug (29), where once the fuel molecules reach the working temperature they expand and gasify, to pass immediately, through the magnetic fields established by the magnetic anvils (31), which are activated by the electromagnetic coils (30), characterized in that The electromagnetic coils (30) receive the electrical pulses ordered by an electronic command (1) and the magnetic or fuel treatment fields are generated by r the collision of positive poles exerted by the permanent magnets (30) installed in series, causing the ionization of the fuel when it passes through the magnetic field of the reactor vessel (5) where the fuel also passes through a plurality of conduits of the catalyst substrates (28), modifying its orientation, whereby the fuel molecules disperse and divide causing changes, facilitate hydrogenation and the combination of the fuel with oxygen, the fuel thus enriched, leaves the nozzle (34), to load the fuel injector rail (10) of the engine and finally obtain optimum combustion.

8. Method for conditioning fuel in an internal combustion engine such as that claimed in clause 8, wherein the treated fuel is fed to a coupling pipe with the carburetor of the engine in question and finally obtaining optimum combustion.

9. Fuel saving method that consists of using an electrochemical reactor vessel or reactor with permanent magnets, catalysts and electromagnetic coils such as the one claimed in clause 1, where the fuel is fed by a pump (17) to the reactor (5) where the dispersion of the fuel molecules is carried out, subsequently the treated fuel is sent to the injector rail (10) to mix with the air that comes from the filter (12) to the intake manifold (11). The mixture is fed to the combustion chamber of the engine (13) where the combustion is carried out and the gases produced by the combustion are expelled from the engine, to the catalytic converter and subsequently to an exhaust pipe (18). Characterized because prior to the catalytic converter is an oxygen sensor that measures the richness of the mixture of the expelled gases (poor mixture, rich mixture or intermediate mixture) and depending on this variable a signal is sent to the computer of the vehicle and another to the command electronic and based on this parameter, the computer is responsible for regulating the amount of fuel that will be sent to the injector rail (10), while on the other hand, a sample of exhaust gases (16) is sent to a condenser ( 4) to separate the steam and combustion gases so that the steam is subsequently fed through the steam injection valves (43) to the air intake manifold (12) by means of a feed nozzle (19) to deplete the mixture according at what is required for an ideal combustion impoverishing the mixture of fuel and air with water vapor, thus cooling the combustion chamber and reducing the formation of NOx.

10. An electronic command for a fuel saving system such as the one claimed in clause 1, wherein the command consists of a voltage regulation circuit, a signal conditioning circuit, a micro controller and a relay circuit of valves.

11. Air injection valve assembly (42) and / or water vapor (43), consisting of a calibrator (35) spring (36) connector (37), membrane (38), piston (39), valve regulator (40), calibrator (41), solenoid valve (42), water vapor metering valve (43) and cover (44), steam inlet connector (45), air intake connector (46) , The supply nozzle (47) of vapors to the intake manifold, the filter (48) and the removable cap (49), characterized in that the electromagnetic valves (42) are activated by the electronic command (1), to inject small quantities of air to the multiple intake pipe (11) of the engine (13), to deplete the air-fuel mixture, provided that the oxygen sensor (16) sends the signal that the fuel mixture is loaded with fuel, that is to say RICH MIX and where the relay (34) receives the signal and orders the activation of the valve (42) for air injection and simultaneously the water vapor injection valves (43) are activated, to cool the air-fuel mixture and consequently reduce the formation of nitrogen oxides. Water vapor is obtained by recovering exhaust gases in the CONDENSER (4).