WO2009130523A1 - Material moving device for a reactor, as well as reactor - Google Patents

Material moving device for a reactor, as well as reactor Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009130523A1
WO2009130523A1 PCT/HU2009/000035 HU2009000035W WO2009130523A1 WO 2009130523 A1 WO2009130523 A1 WO 2009130523A1 HU 2009000035 W HU2009000035 W HU 2009000035W WO 2009130523 A1 WO2009130523 A1 WO 2009130523A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
reactor
mandrel
material moving
moving device
mixing blades
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/HU2009/000035
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Sándor LUCZE
Original Assignee
Energum Deutschland Gmbh
LEKRINSZKI, Balázs, Barna
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Energum Deutschland Gmbh, LEKRINSZKI, Balázs, Barna filed Critical Energum Deutschland Gmbh
Publication of WO2009130523A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009130523A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/18—Stationary reactors having moving elements inside
    • B01J19/20—Stationary reactors having moving elements inside in the form of helices, e.g. screw reactors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/05—Stirrers
    • B01F27/11—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers
    • B01F27/114—Helically shaped stirrers, i.e. stirrers comprising a helically shaped band or helically shaped band sections
    • B01F27/1144—Helically shaped stirrers, i.e. stirrers comprising a helically shaped band or helically shaped band sections with a plurality of blades following a helical path on a shaft or a blade support
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/05—Stirrers
    • B01F27/11—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers
    • B01F27/114—Helically shaped stirrers, i.e. stirrers comprising a helically shaped band or helically shaped band sections
    • B01F27/1145—Helically shaped stirrers, i.e. stirrers comprising a helically shaped band or helically shaped band sections ribbon shaped with an open space between the helical ribbon flight and the rotating axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/60—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis
    • B01F27/72—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with helices or sections of helices
    • B01F27/724—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with helices or sections of helices with a single helix closely surrounded by a casing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/18—Stationary reactors having moving elements inside
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B47/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion
    • C10B47/28—Other processes
    • C10B47/32—Other processes in ovens with mechanical conveying means
    • C10B47/44—Other processes in ovens with mechanical conveying means with conveyor-screws
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C10B53/07—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of solid raw materials consisting of synthetic polymeric materials, e.g. tyres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2219/00074—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids
    • B01J2219/00087—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids with heat exchange elements outside the reactor
    • B01J2219/00094—Jackets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/18—Details relating to the spatial orientation of the reactor
    • B01J2219/182—Details relating to the spatial orientation of the reactor horizontal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/141—Feedstock
    • Y02P20/143—Feedstock the feedstock being recycled material, e.g. plastics

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a material moving device for a reactor defining a cylindrical space, the reactor being especially formed for processing a solid, lumpy material. Further, the invention relates to a reactor comprising the material moving device.
  • Waste management is more and more becoming a vital industry of our days. Due to our way of life, an immense amount of non-biodegradable, or very slowly biodegradable waste is being produced in a continuous manner. Both storage and disposal of such waste is possible only at great costs, thus it is one objective of waste processing to recover the more - and the better quality - recyclable material.
  • pyrolysis in which so called pyro-gas or pyro-oil is produced by thermal decomposition of waste comprising macromolecule organic compounds (e.g. rubber, plastic).
  • the ratio and the chemical composition of the end product depend on the base materials (i. e. the type of waste) as well as on the conditions of pyrolysis.
  • the pyrolysis first the waste is usually shredded, then introduced into a pyrolysis reactor, where it is heated for a longer period of time in an oxygen-free environment, and the resulting pyro-gas releases (i. e. vapours and gases formed during pyrolysis) are conducted into, and condensed in a cooling system, and thus pyro-oil is obtained, which then can be used, for example, as fuel oil or as engine fuel after further processing.
  • the pyrolysis reactor is filled with the waste serving as base material, and after a certain period of thermal treatment the residual soot and other substances are removed.
  • the waste is continuously fed into the pyrolysis reactor, and the residual material is continuously discharged from the reactor.
  • the pyro-gases and pyro-oils recovered thereof are also continuously produced, whilst the system does not require extra supervision, there is no need to stop and restart the processes repeatedly.
  • the present invention mainly, but not exclusively, relates to a continuous pyrolysis equipment.
  • An important aspect in the development of reactors of continuous pyrolysis apparatuses is to remain the waste in the reactor for an adequate period of time, furthermore not to hinder the decomposition processes of the waste by hindrances derived from material compression. These conditions can be achieved by an adequate structure of a material moving device arranged in the reactor.
  • a material moving device of a reactor serving for the purposes of pyrolysis is disclosed e.g. in US 4,983,278.
  • the material moving part of the known device is a spiral belt rotated around an axis. Material can be forwarded in the reactor in either direction parallel to the axis.
  • Screw conveyors and spiral belts are widely used forwarding means in the industry.
  • the movement of the material to be processed e.g. waste
  • the spiral belt serves as an appropriate linear one-way material forwarder, however, it is less adequate for the stirring of the lumpy material to be processed.
  • This is extremely disadvantageous because the waste processed by pyrolysis, such as rubber tire crumb, for example, is a bad heat- conductor, thus the uniform heat distribution, evaporation and pyrolysis cannot be obtained without stirring.
  • the invention is based on the recognition, that if oriented mixing blades positioned according to the present invention are applied along the cylindrical reactor area, the objects of the present invention can be achieved.
  • the invention relates to a material moving device according to claim 1 , and to a reactor according to claim 8.
  • Preferred embodiments of the invention are defined in the dependent claims.
  • FIG. 1 is a side view of the mixing blade according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a front view of the mixing blade according to Fig. 1 ,
  • Fig. 3 is a side view of a mandrel equipped with mixing blades mounted on arms
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a reactor equipped with the material moving device according to Fig. 3
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a reactor equipped with the material moving device according to another preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • Figs. 1 and 2 show a side view and a front view of a mixing blade 10 according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • the mixing blades 10 are formed from a rectangular plate - A - material.
  • the mixing blade 10 comprises an outer baffle surface area 11 near the inner side of the cylindrical area of the reactor, and an inner baffle surface area 12 near the side of the mandrel 20.
  • an ⁇ angle between the two baffle surface areas is approximately 170°, however, this angle can be in the range between 160° and 175°.
  • the bending on the mixing blade is preferably located at the center line of the blade.
  • the outer edge 13 of the baffle surface area 11 is located at a distance, preferably not more than 3 cm, or more preferably between 1 and 2 cm from the inner wall of the cylindrical area of the reactor.
  • the edge 13 can easily remove the particles of the lumpy material stuck to the inner wall. Thrust is generated on the baffle surface of the mixing blade, and a force is generated in the direction of the mandrel owing to the bending. Therefore, the particles are being pushed by the mixing blade in front of itself until the point where the particles pass the dead center and fall on top of the feed.
  • Fig. 3 shows a side view of a material moving device according to the present invention, wherein mixing blades 10 are fixed by arms 21 onto the mandrel 20.
  • the baffle surface of the mixing blades do not perpendicularly face the mandrel 20, but in order to achieve material forwarding, each mixing blade 10 comprise baffle surfaces rotated in the same direction, i.e. from the direction perpendicular to the mandrel 20 to the direction of material forwarding.
  • the baffle surfaces face a direction rotated from the direction perpendicular to the mandrel towards the direction of the material forwarding by an angle not more than 30°. In this way, the material moving device will move the material continuously in one direction during the rotation.
  • the arms 21 are straight with cylindrical cross-section, and their ends holding the mixing blades 10 comprise overlaps matching the backsides of the mixing blades 10.
  • the overlapping part preferably, protrudes up to half the length of the mixing blades 10, and its depth matches the thickness of the mixing blades.
  • the rotated, material forwarding position of the mixing blades 10 can be obtained by an appropriate slanted construction of the planes of the overlaps.
  • the material moving device according to the present invention preferably comprises pairs of mixing blades 10 arranged oppositely to the mandrel 20. This can be preferably achieved in the embodiment according to Fig. 3 by forming the mandrel 20 as a cylindrical pipe on which there are through-holes for the arms 21.
  • the mixing blades 10 are preferably arranged around the mandrel 20 along spiral lines. According to a preferred embodiment, the adjacent arms 21 are arranged to each other with a difference of 80° in the direction of rotation, so ensuring the spiral arrangement of the mixing blades 10.
  • the outer edge 13 of the mixing blades 10 moves at a distance of 15 mm from the inner wall of the reactor, for example. It is necessary to set a distance between the inner wall of the reactor and the mixing blade 10 for reasons of irregular geometry due to manufacturing of the reactor body and because of geometric irregularity due to possible heat effect arising material tension, as well as due to possible bending of the stirrer.
  • Fig. 4 shows a schematic partial cross-sectional view of the reactor 30 equipped with a material moving device according to Fig 3.
  • the chamber of the reactor 30 expediently has a length of 3 to 10 m with an inner diameter of preferably between 20 cm and 1 m.
  • the rotation of the mandrel 20 is provided by an engine 31.
  • the waste material to be processed, to be pyrolised, for example, is fed into the reactor 30 through an inlet stump 32. Due to the tilted arrangement of the mixing blades 10, the waste material is forwarded from left to right in the figure and finally the residues are discharged through the output stump 33.
  • pyrolysis can be carried out in the reactor 30, for which the required heat can be provided by fuel gas through the gas input stump
  • Fuel gas is discharged through the gas output stump 35. Fuel gas essentially surrounds the entire reactor by means of the heating mantle 36. The pyro-gas produced by pyrolysis can leave the reactor 30 through a pyro-gas output stump
  • FIG. 5 A partially cross-sectional view of the reactor 30" according to another preferred embodiment of the invention is illustrated in Fig. 5.
  • a material forwarding spiral belt 40 is attached to the mandrel 20 and the mixing blades 10 are mounted onto the spiral belt perpendicularly to the surface of the spiral belt 40.
  • a mixing blade 10 consisting e.g. of two parts, can also be mounted onto the spiral belt 40, for example by welding onto the side surface of the spiral belt 40.
  • the pitch of the spiral belt 40 provides by itself the material forwarding orientation of the mixing blades 10.
  • the blade parts on the two sides of the spiral belt 40 are of identical construction and are coplanar.
  • the outer edge 13 of the mixing blades 10 is located on the same perimeter as the outer perimeter of the spiral belt 40, which can preferably be obtained by a rim-machining following the welding of the mixing blades 10 onto the spiral belt 40.
  • the mixing blades 10 are attached to the spiral belt 40 at uniform distances. An angle difference of preferably 45° between two adjacent mixing blades 10 when seen from a side direction. Preferably, the mixing blades 10 are mounted to the spiral belt 40 along its entire length onto an equal distance from each other. In addition to ensuring efficient mixing for pyrolysis, the application of mixing blades 10 with an equal arrangement reduces the load on the spiral belt, the resonance, and ensures equal load of the engine 31.
  • the spiral belt 40 is mounted onto the mandrel through straight arms and spokes.
  • the spokes radially protrude from the mandrel 20 according to the pitch of the spiral belt 40.
  • the outer ends of the spokes are also overlapped up to the third of the width of the spiral belt 40 as well as in a depth that is identical to the thickness of the spiral belt. In this way, in the fixed position the material baffler side of the spiral belt and the spokes' sides are coplanar, the neutral back-side, however, bears against the plane of the overlap.
  • the reactor according to Fig. 5. is suitable for the treatment, e.g. pyrolysis, of lumpy material of relatively big size particles.
  • the reactor according to Fig. 4 is more suitable.
  • the material is arranged tightly in the reactor 30, thus evaporation on the surface of the particles is greatly restricted.
  • more intense stirring is required as compared to the material moving device equipped with spiral belt, so as to accomplish full pyrolysis as early as possible.
  • this embodiment comprises no spiral belt, and no continuous linear material forwarding, the mandrel is required to rotate at a greater frequency, so as to achieve an identical material forwarding speed as that of the spiral belt solution.
  • the mixing blades 10 alternatively can be mounted to the mandrel 20 by a means different from the spiral belt 40 and arms 21.
  • the mixing blades 10 may have other expedient embodiments than those illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2.
  • the reactor according to the present invention can also be utilized for material processing other than pyrolysis.

Abstract

A material moving device for a reactor (30) defining a cylindrical space; the reactor (30) being preferably formed for processing of a solid, lumpy material; the device comprising a mandrel (20) being concentric with the cylindrical space and a material moving means connected to the mandrel (20) ensuring material forwarding parallel thereto. The material moving means comprises mixing blades (10) each having an outer edge (13) spaced apart from the inner wall of the cylindrical space and a baffle surface facing a direction rotated from the direction perpendicular to the mandrel (20) by an angle of not more than 30° towards the direction of the material forwarding.

Description

MATERIAL MOVING DEVICE FOR A REACTOR, AS WELL AS REACTOR
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a material moving device for a reactor defining a cylindrical space, the reactor being especially formed for processing a solid, lumpy material. Further, the invention relates to a reactor comprising the material moving device.
BACKGROUND ART
Waste management is more and more becoming a vital industry of our days. Due to our way of life, an immense amount of non-biodegradable, or very slowly biodegradable waste is being produced in a continuous manner. Both storage and disposal of such waste is possible only at great costs, thus it is one objective of waste processing to recover the more - and the better quality - recyclable material.
One such process for the recovery of recyclable materials is the oxygen-free thermal decomposition, i.e. pyrolysis, in which so called pyro-gas or pyro-oil is produced by thermal decomposition of waste comprising macromolecule organic compounds (e.g. rubber, plastic). The ratio and the chemical composition of the end product depend on the base materials (i. e. the type of waste) as well as on the conditions of pyrolysis. For the pyrolysis, first the waste is usually shredded, then introduced into a pyrolysis reactor, where it is heated for a longer period of time in an oxygen-free environment, and the resulting pyro-gas releases (i. e. vapours and gases formed during pyrolysis) are conducted into, and condensed in a cooling system, and thus pyro-oil is obtained, which then can be used, for example, as fuel oil or as engine fuel after further processing.
From the aspect of continuity of the pyrolysis process, we can distinguish between batch (periodical) pyrolysis apparatuses and continuous pyrolysis apparatuses. In the case of batch pyrolysis apparatuses, the pyrolysis reactor is filled with the waste serving as base material, and after a certain period of thermal treatment the residual soot and other substances are removed. On the other hand, in the case of continuous pyrolysis equipment, the waste is continuously fed into the pyrolysis reactor, and the residual material is continuously discharged from the reactor. The pyro-gases and pyro-oils recovered thereof are also continuously produced, whilst the system does not require extra supervision, there is no need to stop and restart the processes repeatedly. The present invention mainly, but not exclusively, relates to a continuous pyrolysis equipment.
An important aspect in the development of reactors of continuous pyrolysis apparatuses is to remain the waste in the reactor for an adequate period of time, furthermore not to hinder the decomposition processes of the waste by hindrances derived from material compression. These conditions can be achieved by an adequate structure of a material moving device arranged in the reactor.
A material moving device of a reactor serving for the purposes of pyrolysis is disclosed e.g. in US 4,983,278. The material moving part of the known device is a spiral belt rotated around an axis. Material can be forwarded in the reactor in either direction parallel to the axis.
Screw conveyors and spiral belts are widely used forwarding means in the industry. In case of pyrolysis, however, in the reactor areas the movement of the material to be processed, e.g. waste, requires continuous material forwarding and stirring simultaneously. The spiral belt serves as an appropriate linear one-way material forwarder, however, it is less adequate for the stirring of the lumpy material to be processed. This is extremely disadvantageous because the waste processed by pyrolysis, such as rubber tire crumb, for example, is a bad heat- conductor, thus the uniform heat distribution, evaporation and pyrolysis cannot be obtained without stirring.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to provide a material moving device for a reactor, that overcomes the above mentioned disadvantages of the solutions of the prior art. It is a further object of the present invention to provide a material moving device ensuring an effective means for material forwarding and mixing as well as a reactor comprising such a device. In addition to the continuous material forwarding, it is still a further object of the present invention to create a material moving device providing along the entire length of the cylindrical reactor area an uniform and equal mixing. It is yet a further object of the invention to obtain an appropriate level of material forwarding and mixing with least material use and production cost possible.
The invention is based on the recognition, that if oriented mixing blades positioned according to the present invention are applied along the cylindrical reactor area, the objects of the present invention can be achieved.
Accordingly, the invention relates to a material moving device according to claim 1 , and to a reactor according to claim 8. Preferred embodiments of the invention are defined in the dependent claims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Further details of the invention will be described on the basis of drawings by way of embodiment examples, where Fig. 1 is a side view of the mixing blade according to the invention,
Fig. 2 is a front view of the mixing blade according to Fig. 1 ,
Fig. 3 is a side view of a mandrel equipped with mixing blades mounted on arms,
Fig. 4 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a reactor equipped with the material moving device according to Fig. 3, and Fig. 5 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a reactor equipped with the material moving device according to another preferred embodiment of the invention.
MODES FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Figs. 1 and 2 show a side view and a front view of a mixing blade 10 according to a preferred embodiment of the invention. With the mixing blades according to the invention besides the material forwarding efficient mixing can be achieved in the reactor area. Preferably, the mixing blades 10 are formed from a rectangular plate - A - material. The mixing blade 10 comprises an outer baffle surface area 11 near the inner side of the cylindrical area of the reactor, and an inner baffle surface area 12 near the side of the mandrel 20. Preferably, an α angle between the two baffle surface areas is approximately 170°, however, this angle can be in the range between 160° and 175°. The bending on the mixing blade is preferably located at the center line of the blade.
The outer edge 13 of the baffle surface area 11 is located at a distance, preferably not more than 3 cm, or more preferably between 1 and 2 cm from the inner wall of the cylindrical area of the reactor. The edge 13 can easily remove the particles of the lumpy material stuck to the inner wall. Thrust is generated on the baffle surface of the mixing blade, and a force is generated in the direction of the mandrel owing to the bending. Therefore, the particles are being pushed by the mixing blade in front of itself until the point where the particles pass the dead center and fall on top of the feed.
Fig. 3 shows a side view of a material moving device according to the present invention, wherein mixing blades 10 are fixed by arms 21 onto the mandrel 20. On the figure can be seen that the baffle surface of the mixing blades do not perpendicularly face the mandrel 20, but in order to achieve material forwarding, each mixing blade 10 comprise baffle surfaces rotated in the same direction, i.e. from the direction perpendicular to the mandrel 20 to the direction of material forwarding. The baffle surfaces face a direction rotated from the direction perpendicular to the mandrel towards the direction of the material forwarding by an angle not more than 30°. In this way, the material moving device will move the material continuously in one direction during the rotation. Preferably, the arms 21 are straight with cylindrical cross-section, and their ends holding the mixing blades 10 comprise overlaps matching the backsides of the mixing blades 10. The overlapping part, preferably, protrudes up to half the length of the mixing blades 10, and its depth matches the thickness of the mixing blades. The rotated, material forwarding position of the mixing blades 10 can be obtained by an appropriate slanted construction of the planes of the overlaps. As seen in Fig. 3, the material moving device according to the present invention preferably comprises pairs of mixing blades 10 arranged oppositely to the mandrel 20. This can be preferably achieved in the embodiment according to Fig. 3 by forming the mandrel 20 as a cylindrical pipe on which there are through-holes for the arms 21. In the holes, there are arms 21 fitted in a way, that their both ends extend from the mandrel and both ends are provided with overlaps. Longitudinally to the mandrel, the mixing blades 10 are preferably arranged around the mandrel 20 along spiral lines. According to a preferred embodiment, the adjacent arms 21 are arranged to each other with a difference of 80° in the direction of rotation, so ensuring the spiral arrangement of the mixing blades 10.
As mentioned above, preferably the outer edge 13 of the mixing blades 10 moves at a distance of 15 mm from the inner wall of the reactor, for example. It is necessary to set a distance between the inner wall of the reactor and the mixing blade 10 for reasons of irregular geometry due to manufacturing of the reactor body and because of geometric irregularity due to possible heat effect arising material tension, as well as due to possible bending of the stirrer.
Fig. 4 shows a schematic partial cross-sectional view of the reactor 30 equipped with a material moving device according to Fig 3. Preferably for the pyrolysis of rubber tire crumb the chamber of the reactor 30 expediently has a length of 3 to 10 m with an inner diameter of preferably between 20 cm and 1 m. The rotation of the mandrel 20 is provided by an engine 31. The waste material to be processed, to be pyrolised, for example, is fed into the reactor 30 through an inlet stump 32. Due to the tilted arrangement of the mixing blades 10, the waste material is forwarded from left to right in the figure and finally the residues are discharged through the output stump 33. As an example, pyrolysis can be carried out in the reactor 30, for which the required heat can be provided by fuel gas through the gas input stump
34. Fuel gas is discharged through the gas output stump 35. Fuel gas essentially surrounds the entire reactor by means of the heating mantle 36. The pyro-gas produced by pyrolysis can leave the reactor 30 through a pyro-gas output stump
37. A partially cross-sectional view of the reactor 30" according to another preferred embodiment of the invention is illustrated in Fig. 5. According to this embodiment a material forwarding spiral belt 40 is attached to the mandrel 20 and the mixing blades 10 are mounted onto the spiral belt perpendicularly to the surface of the spiral belt 40. In the way as shown in the figure, a mixing blade 10, consisting e.g. of two parts, can also be mounted onto the spiral belt 40, for example by welding onto the side surface of the spiral belt 40. It is an advantage of this solution, that the pitch of the spiral belt 40 provides by itself the material forwarding orientation of the mixing blades 10. The blade parts on the two sides of the spiral belt 40 are of identical construction and are coplanar. Preferably the outer edge 13 of the mixing blades 10 is located on the same perimeter as the outer perimeter of the spiral belt 40, which can preferably be obtained by a rim-machining following the welding of the mixing blades 10 onto the spiral belt 40.
Preferably, the mixing blades 10 are attached to the spiral belt 40 at uniform distances. An angle difference of preferably 45° between two adjacent mixing blades 10 when seen from a side direction. Preferably, the mixing blades 10 are mounted to the spiral belt 40 along its entire length onto an equal distance from each other. In addition to ensuring efficient mixing for pyrolysis, the application of mixing blades 10 with an equal arrangement reduces the load on the spiral belt, the resonance, and ensures equal load of the engine 31.
In its own known manner, the spiral belt 40 is mounted onto the mandrel through straight arms and spokes. The spokes radially protrude from the mandrel 20 according to the pitch of the spiral belt 40. Preferably, the outer ends of the spokes are also overlapped up to the third of the width of the spiral belt 40 as well as in a depth that is identical to the thickness of the spiral belt. In this way, in the fixed position the material baffler side of the spiral belt and the spokes' sides are coplanar, the neutral back-side, however, bears against the plane of the overlap.
The reactor according to Fig. 5. is suitable for the treatment, e.g. pyrolysis, of lumpy material of relatively big size particles. For the pyrolysis of lumpy materials of smaller size particles (maximum particle size for example 3 mm), the reactor according to Fig. 4 is more suitable. In the case of such particle size, the material is arranged tightly in the reactor 30, thus evaporation on the surface of the particles is greatly restricted. In this case, more intense stirring is required as compared to the material moving device equipped with spiral belt, so as to accomplish full pyrolysis as early as possible.
Since this embodiment comprises no spiral belt, and no continuous linear material forwarding, the mandrel is required to rotate at a greater frequency, so as to achieve an identical material forwarding speed as that of the spiral belt solution.
Of course the invention is not particularly limited to any specific preferred embodiment illustrated as examples in the figures, but may comprise further modifications and alterations within the scope of the claims. For example, the mixing blades 10 alternatively can be mounted to the mandrel 20 by a means different from the spiral belt 40 and arms 21. The mixing blades 10 may have other expedient embodiments than those illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2. Further, the reactor according to the present invention can also be utilized for material processing other than pyrolysis.

Claims

1. A material moving device for a reactor (30, 30') defining a cylindrical space; the reactor (30, 30') being preferably formed for processing of a solid, lumpy material; the device comprising a mandrel (20) being concentric with the cylindrical space and a material moving means connected to the mandrel (20) ensuring material forwarding parallel thereto, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the material moving means comprises mixing blades (10) each having an outer edge (13) spaced apart from the inner wall of the cylindrical space and a baffle surface facing a direction rotated from the direction perpendicular to the mandrel (20) by an angle of not more than 30° towards the direction of the material forwarding.
2. The material moving device according to claim 1 , characterized by comprising mixing blades (10) arranged along a spiral line around the mandrel (20).
3. The material moving device according to claim 1 , characterized in that it comprises pairs of mixing blades (10) arranged oppositely to the mandrel (20), the mixing blades (10) being arranged along two spiral lines around the mandrel (20).
4. The material moving device according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the mixing blades (10) comprise an outer baffle surface area (11), as well as an inner baffle surface area (12), where the outer baffle surface area (11) and the inner baffle surface area (12) include an angle of between 160 - 175°.
5. The material moving device according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the distance between the inner wall of the cylindrical space and the outer edge of the mixing blades (13) is not more than 3 cm, preferably being between 1 - 2 cm.
6. The material moving device according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a material forwarding spiral belt (40) is mounted onto the mandrel (20), and the mixing blades (10) are attached to the spiral belt (40) perpendicularly to the surface of the spiral belt (40).
7. The material moving device according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that each of the mixing blades (10) is mounted onto the mandrel (20) by means of an arm (21).
8. A reactor (30, 30'), especially for processing a solid, lumpy material, the reactor defining a cylindrical space, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that it comprises a material moving device according to any of claims 1 to 7.
9. The reactor according to claim 8, characterized in that it comprises a heating mantle (36) arranged around the cylindrical space, through which fuel gas flows for pyrolysing a material - preferably rubber tire granulates - in the reactor.
PCT/HU2009/000035 2008-04-24 2009-04-23 Material moving device for a reactor, as well as reactor WO2009130523A1 (en)

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HU0800262A HUP0800262A2 (en) 2008-04-24 2008-04-24 Transport apparatus for reactor and reactor
HUP0800262 2008-04-24

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EP2599854A3 (en) * 2011-11-30 2014-05-07 "Technologie Ekologiczne" Zbigniew Tokarz An arrangement for continuous processing of organic waste, in particular of contaminated waste plastics
WO2014086334A1 (en) * 2012-12-04 2014-06-12 Hartwig Streitenberger Device in the form of a rotating thermolysis reactor and method for operating a reactor of this kind in an arrangement for the thermal decomposition of by-products and waste
CN104438294A (en) * 2014-11-28 2015-03-25 常州市姚氏铸造材料有限公司 Pyrolysis device for treating chemical waste salts and waste residues

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2599854A3 (en) * 2011-11-30 2014-05-07 "Technologie Ekologiczne" Zbigniew Tokarz An arrangement for continuous processing of organic waste, in particular of contaminated waste plastics
WO2014086334A1 (en) * 2012-12-04 2014-06-12 Hartwig Streitenberger Device in the form of a rotating thermolysis reactor and method for operating a reactor of this kind in an arrangement for the thermal decomposition of by-products and waste
JP2016508863A (en) * 2012-12-04 2016-03-24 シュトレイテンバーガー，ハルトヴィヒ Rotary pyrolysis reactor type apparatus and method of operating such a reactor configured to pyrolyze by-products and waste
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HU0800262D0 (en) 2008-06-30

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