WO2009037597A2 - Mega-frame initialization packet generation and synchronous re-generation with bit rate adaptation for single frequency networks with multiple modulation schemes - Google Patents
Mega-frame initialization packet generation and synchronous re-generation with bit rate adaptation for single frequency networks with multiple modulation schemes Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009037597A2 WO2009037597A2 PCT/IB2008/003683 IB2008003683W WO2009037597A2 WO 2009037597 A2 WO2009037597 A2 WO 2009037597A2 IB 2008003683 W IB2008003683 W IB 2008003683W WO 2009037597 A2 WO2009037597 A2 WO 2009037597A2
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- Prior art keywords
- mip
- transport stream
- mega
- mega frame
- packets
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/236—Assembling of a multiplex stream, e.g. transport stream, by combining a video stream with other content or additional data, e.g. inserting a URL [Uniform Resource Locator] into a video stream, multiplexing software data into a video stream; Remultiplexing of multiplex streams; Insertion of stuffing bits into the multiplex stream, e.g. to obtain a constant bit-rate; Assembling of a packetised elementary stream
- H04N21/23608—Remultiplexing multiplex streams, e.g. involving modifying time stamps or remapping the packet identifiers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04H—BROADCAST COMMUNICATION
- H04H20/00—Arrangements for broadcast or for distribution combined with broadcast
- H04H20/18—Arrangements for synchronising broadcast or distribution via plural systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04H—BROADCAST COMMUNICATION
- H04H20/00—Arrangements for broadcast or for distribution combined with broadcast
- H04H20/65—Arrangements characterised by transmission systems for broadcast
- H04H20/67—Common-wave systems, i.e. using separate transmitters operating on substantially the same frequency
Definitions
- the following description relates generally to any other system where multiple modulation schemes are possible and must deliver a deterministic and identical bit stream at all participating locations.
- European Telecommunications Standards Institute - European Standard ETSI EN 300 744 describes a broadcasting system for terrestrial distribution based on Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing COFDM (a digital multi-carrier modulation scheme that uses a large number of closely-spaced orthogonal subcarriers) and MPEG2 (encoding and transport data system, for example, as defined by ISO/IEC 13818-1. MPEG) technologies.
- COFDM a digital multi-carrier modulation scheme that uses a large number of closely-spaced orthogonal subcarriers
- MPEG2 encoding and transport data system, for example, as defined by ISO/IEC 13818-1. MPEG
- Application of the European Telecommunications Standards Institute - Technical Specification ETSI ETS 101 191 extend the user of this system to Single Frequency Networks (SFN), for example, as defined by ETS 101 191 and in Advanced Television Systems Committee (ATSC) Al 10.
- SFN Single Frequency Networks
- the extension to SFN is accomplished by periodically adding one packet including synchronization time stamps and modulation parameters information to the transport stream (e.g., as defined by ISO 138181-1) of all transmitters broadcasting in a SFN area.
- Synchronization time stamps indicates the time interval between a reference time and the start of the next Mega-frame, for example, as defined by ETS 101 191.
- the packet that is added to the transport stream is a Mega-frame Initialization Packet (MIP).
- MIP is an MPEG2 transport stream compliant packet that carries mega-frame and modulation parameters, for example, as defined by ETS 101 191.
- the method may include receiving input transport stream packets including a number of mega frames; extracting mega frame information from the packets; determining the start of a mega frame; counting the packets; generating an MIP packet including a special watermark based on the extracted MF information, the packet count, and modulation parameters; and inserting the MIP packet in each mega frame of an output transport stream of packets at a position in the mega frame corresponding to the number of the mega frame in the output transport stream; and outputting the transport stream.
- the method also may include restarting the counting at the start of every mega frame.
- the special watermark may be an extended synchronization function placed in the function field of the MIP.
- the function field may include a function length, an extra long mega frame (EMF) pointer, and continuity counter sync values.
- EMF extra long mega frame
- the continuity counter sync values may be an integer rounded to infinity of a ratio between the integral of a master mega frame period and a mega frame period of a regenerated guard time.
- the special watermark also may be a pointer value that changes over a period of an extra long mega frame (EMF).
- EMF extra long mega frame
- the pointer may be computed as a linear increment between two values A and B, where the pointer value starts at A and increases with each received MIP up to a value of A+B-l and where A + B is less than the number of transport stream packets in a mega frame minus one.
- B may be chosen based on the guard interval of a specific location in the network.
- the pointer value may be codes with values signal reset times of EMF counters.
- Each timing element of any regenerated transport stream in the network may be derived from a local counter that is reset every extra long mega frame period and the local counter is synchronized each mega frame based on the watermark of the MIP.
- FIG. 1 is an exemplary block diagram of a system for single frequency networks.
- FIG. 2 is an exemplary block diagram of a master MIP inserter for use in the system of Fig. 1.
- FIG. 3 is an exemplary block diagram of a MIP re-generator use in the system of Fig. 1.
- Transport streams suitable for DVB SFN systems are defined by ETSI standard.
- the standard defines a bit rate and a synchronization packet (MIP) for each set of four parameters: channel Band Width (BW), Guard Time interval (GT), for example, as defined by EN 300 744. Constellation (CON), and Forward Error Correction ratio (FEC).
- BW Band Width
- GT Guard Time interval
- CON Constellation
- FEC Forward Error Correction ratio
- the SFN transport stream must be the same (i.e., all bits in the stream must be equal bit after bit) at all transmitters broadcasting in an SFN area.
- a 1/32GT + x/xFEC incoming signal (e.g., 1/32GT is used in main transmitter where SFN operation is not required) which must be broadcast to SFN mode where an improved GT (e.g., 1/8GT, used in medium area SFN coverage) may be used and a less robust y/yFEC provides a similar payload.
- an improved GT e.g., 1/8GT, used in medium area SFN coverage
- y/yFEC provides a similar payload.
- the change in the transport stream bit rate, MIP, and PCR information must be determined.
- the change in bit rate is made in a random way by inserting or subtracting null packets from an incoming transport stream and inserting a new MIP packet in a new random position.
- Fig. 1 shows an exemplary system 100 for a transport stream distribution in a
- the transport stream may be any stream of digital packets, for example, as described by ISO 138181-1.
- the transport stream 101 is provided as an input at a head end 103 for distribution to a number of locations 104, 105, and 106 broadcasting to SFN area 109.
- the head end 103 includes a master MIP inserter 110 and timing reference 111, such as, for example, a Global Positioning System (GPS), part of NAVISTAR GPS managed by US Department of Defense receiver.
- GPS Global Positioning System
- the transport stream is provided to multiple remote locations 104, 105, and 106.
- the remote location receiving the transport stream which is provided to a MIP re-generator 130 at each location.
- the transport stream is provided to transmitters 137 and broadcast to the SFN area 109.
- the MIP re- generator 130 and transmitter 137 also receive a reference timing signal from a respective GPS receiver 140. Therefore, the master MIP inserter 110, the MIP re-generator 130, and transmitters 137 are each provided an exact frequency and timing reference (e.g., a specified by ETS 101 191) from a reference, such as a GPS receiver 140.
- the master MIP inserter and MIP re-generator are described in further detail below, with respect to Figs. 2 and 3 respectively.
- Fig. 2 shows an example of a master MIP inserter 110 for use in the system of Fig.
- the master MIP inserter 110 receives a transport stream input (TS input) 201.
- the transport stream is provide to detector 210 which detects and deletes all null packets and MIP packets from the transport stream input signal. All remaining packets from the TS input 201 are passed to a memory 215.
- the memory may be a First In - First Out (FIFO) memory where first data written in are the first read out.
- FIFO First In - First Out
- a numeric controlled oscillator (NCO) 220 generates an output bit rate from a local reference 222 (e.g., GPS receiver 111 timing signal) and output modulation parameters 225.
- a local reference 222 e.g., GPS receiver 111 timing signal
- output modulation parameters 225 include, constellation, bandwidth, FEC, and guard time.
- the output bit rate is provided to counter 230 along with the output modulation parameters 225.
- the counter 230 counts the transport stream packets, frames, and mega- frames according to the output modulation parameters 225.
- a mega-frame is a group of an integer number of TS packets, for example, as defined by ETS 101 191
- the output modulation parameters 225 and count signal are provided to the MIP packet generator 235 to create the output MIP packets 240.
- a private function carrying an extra-long mega frame pointer is computed and added to the pointer field of the MIP packet.
- a dynamic pointer value is computed and inserted in the pointer field of the MIP packet. All other fields of the MIP may be set according to the output modulation parameters 225, the ETS 101 191 rules, and any user requirements.
- a packet creator 245 creates null packets 247 according to ISO 13818-1.
- Processor 250 receives the count from counter 230 and a signal 251 indicating the memory 215 is empty.
- the processor determines whether to insert a null packet, a MIP with output parameters, or a packet from the FIFO. The determination is based on a maximum priority for the MIP, normal priority for transport stream packets, and lowest priority for null packets in the case the FIFO is empty.
- the transport stream selector receives an indicator of what type of packet to insert in the transport stream. According to the indication, the selector create the output transport stream, selecting between MIP packets 240, transport stream packets read from the FEFO memory 215, and null packets 247.
- the output transport stream is delivered to output connector TS output 260 according to the output bit rate determined by the NCO 220.
- the remote MEP re-generator receives that transport stream at input 301.
- the transport stream is provided to a phase locked loop 305, a detector 310, and a detector 320.
- Detector 310 detects any MIP packets present in the input transport stream and extracts the MIP parameters and functions from the MIP packet.
- the detector 310 generates a synchro value 321 and an EMF-LEN 322.
- the synchro value is determined from the extended synchronization function if an extra-long mega frame pointer is detected; otherwise, it is the value of MIP pointer field. If the MIP pointer value is used, the synchro value may be valid only for some incoming MIP.
- the extra-long mega frame length EMF_LEN 322 is computed from the modulation parameters in the TPS field of the MIP.
- Counter 325 counts every mega frame using the incoming MIP as a clock pulse with a period equal to the extra-long mega frame length.
- the counter 325 is synchronized with the synchro value 322 when valid.
- the detector 327 detects the start of an extra- long mega frame when the counter 325 reaches zero, and generates the EMF_START pulse 329.
- Detector 320 deletes all null packets and MIP packets from the input transport stream, and provides the remaining packets to a memory 330, e.g., a FIFO storage area.
- the system needs a reference.
- the reference may be obtained via a PLL 305 locked to the input transport stream to generate the clock reference signal 331.
- an external reference like a GPS receiver 140 may be used to generate the reference clock 331.
- the reference clock 331 is provided to the NCO 335.
- the NCO 335 generates an output bit rate for the output transport stream from the clock reference 331, the output modulation parameters 337, and the EMF_START pulse 329 which resets the NCO 335.
- a transmitter counter 340 counts the transport stream packets, frames, mega frames, and extra-long mega frames according to output modulation parameters 337.
- the counter 340 may be continuity counter with a 4-bit field incrementing with each transport stream packet with the same packet ED, for example, as defined in ISO 13818-1.
- the counter 340 is reset by the EMF_START pulse.
- a packet creator 341 creates null packets 343 according to ISO 13818-1.
- MEP packet creator 345 generates an output MEP packet 347 using the output modulation parameters 337, counter output, the system time stamp fields synchronization time stamps (e.g., the time interval between the time reference and the start of the next Mega-frame, for example, as defined by ETS 101 191.), which are reset to incoming values every EMF_START pulse 329.
- Processor 350 receives the count from counter 340 and a signal 351 indicating the memory 330 is empty. For each count of from counter 340, the processor 350 determines whether to insert a null packet 343, a MIP 347 with output parameters, or a packet from the FIFO 330.
- the determination is based on a maximum priority for the MIP, normal priority for transport stream packets, and lowest priority for null packets in the case the FIFO is empty.
- the transport stream selector receives an indicator of what type of packet to insert in the transport stream. According to the indication, the selector 360 creates the output transport stream, selecting between MIP packets 347, transport stream packets read from the FIFO memory 330, and null packets 343. The output transport stream is delivered to output connector TS output 370 according to the output bit rate determined by the NCO 335.
- the system and methods described herein provide the ability to send additional information in parallel with a standard MIP while adhering to existing technical standards.
- the master MIP inserter 110 inserts watermarks suitable for use by MIP regenerators 130 to achieve synchronous re-generations of the transport stream. Two examples of ways to insert watermarks are now described: A) inserting an extended synchronization function in the function field of the MIP, and B) using values with special meaning for pointer value.
- ETS 101 191 defines some functions and provides for the possibility to extend functions with new functions. Accordingly, an Extended Synchronization Function is defined with the protocol as per Table 1.
- the Extended Synchronization Function may use a tag value within the reserved-for- future use range until ETSI approves a dedicated tag.
- the Extended Synchronization Function carries a Function Length, Extra long Mega Frame Pointer, and Continuity Counter Sync Values.
- the Function Length may be a fixed value 0x06.
- the Extra-long Mega Frame Pointer is computed by incrementing a counter for each MIP inserted with modulus chosen according to the Guard Time used in master MIP inserter from values in Table 2.
- Pointer values in standard ETS 101 191 can be any value, and a flag has to be set in case this value is not constant; therefore using specific values is legal.
- the pointer value changes over a period are labeled Extra-Long Mega Frame (EMF) which consists of n Mega Frames. Two examples of ways to compute pointer values are provided.
- EMF Extra-Long Mega Frame
- Process 1 provides computing the pointer value by linearly incrementing between 2 values.
- the pointer value starts at value A and increases with each MIP up to a value A+B-l.
- Value B depends on the guard interval used at the location. A+B must be lower than the number of Transport Stream Packets comprising one Mega Frame minus 1.
- Table 4 shows possible values for B according to Guard Times used by the master MIP inserter 110.
- the pointer value may be computed with hard coded values signaling reset times of Extra-Long Mega Frame counters.
- 64 arbitrary pointer values may be selected provided they are lower than the number of Transport Stream Packets comprising one Mega Frame minus 1.
- Three Extra-long Mega Frame counters with modulus as per Table 1 or Table 2, according to the Guard Time used by the master MIP inserter 110 and according to a requirement of full or reduced regeneration capabilities are used.
- Continuity Counters values for other Guard Times are computed as integer rounded to +infinity of the ratio between the integral of master Mega Frame period and the mega frame period of re-generated guard time, truncated to 4 bits, as expressed in Equation 1 above.
- a 6 bit word may be formed to select among 64 pointer values with overflow conditions of 3 Extra-long Mega Frame counters and 3 Continuity Counters.
- the system uses the pointer field or Extended Synchronization Function inserted at master MEP inserter 110 to achieve a totally synchronous operation within the network.
- Each periodic element of the re-generated Transport Stream is derived from a counter which is reset every Extra-long Mega Frame.
- the MEP regenerator 130 synchronizes a local counter which counts the number of incoming MEPs. If the Extended Synchronization Function is used, the local counter has the value of Extra long Mega Frame Pointer.
- the local counter has the value of the pointer field minus value A. Value A is computed when the pointer value decreases, as value A is the pointer minimum value. If process 2 for pointer computation (i.e., coded values) is used, the local counter is reset at specific values. Length of Extra-long Mega Frame counting is derived from modulation parameters, once one method is selected.
- the first condition for MEP position is achieved with the Extra-long Mega Frame counter. Any MEP re-generator 130 inserts one MEP at the same position as in the incoming stream every EMF length, and from this point a MIP is inserted at fixed distance.
- the second condition is achieved since most of the MIP content is modulation independent and may be passed to re-generate the MIP. However, three fields are affected.
- the first field that may require change is the system parameters field.
- the system parameters field must reflect any different modulation scheme chosen for a new transport stream.
- the second field requiring change is the System Time Stamp (STS).
- STS System Time Stamp
- the System Time Stamp field increases linearly by a fixed amount every Mega Frame, and the amount is modulation parameters dependent.
- the EMF length is chosen such that there is always an integer number of MIPs within an EMF period.
- STS at the end of the next EMF count is the same in the incoming transport stream and the outgoing transport stream, and this is true for any MIP re-generator 130 in the system.
- the third field requiring change is continuity counter field.
- the continuity counter field changes every MIP by increasing a four bit value.
- the third condition for interleaving packets to create the output transport stream is achieved if it is assumed that the input FIFO is empty every time a MIP is received, which is also a EMF reset. This allows all re-generators to restart the process of selecting packets to form the output stream from a known point, and all elements for the determination of inserting an MEP, an incoming transport stream packet, or a null packet are synchronized in every MEP re-generator 130, and the decision is the same in every regenerator.
- the master MIP inserter 1 10 and MIP re-generators 130 may be implemented by a combination of hardware and software including hardwired logic, switches, integrated circuits, and buffers and/or software applications provided from one or more memory devices interpreted by one or more processing devices.
- the processing devices may be implemented using any general -purpose or special purpose computing device, such as, for example, a processor, a digital signal processor, a microcomputer, a field programmable array, a programmable logic unit, a microprocessor or any other device capable of responding to and executing instructions in a defined manner.
- the processing device may run one or more of the software applications including the special functions provided herein.
- the processing device also may access, store, manipulate, process, and create data in response to the applications.
- the software applications may include a computer program, a piece of code, an instruction, or some combination thereof, for independently or collectively instructing the processing device to operate as desired.
- the applications, content, and data may be embodied permanently or temporarily in any type of machine, component, physical or virtual equipment, storage medium or device, or propagated signal wave capable of providing instructions or data to or being interpreted by the processing device.
- the applications or data may be stored by a storage medium or a memory including volatile and non-volatile memories that store digital data (e.g., a read only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a flash memory, a hard disk, a DROM, a flip-flop, a register, a buffer, an SRAM, DRAM, PROM, EPROM, OPTROM, EEPROM, NOVRAM, or RAMBUS), such that if the memory is read or accessed by the processing device, the specified steps, processes, and/or instructions are performed and/or data is accessed, processed, or stored.
- the memory may include an I/O interface, such that data and applications may be loaded and stored in the memory allowing the applications, programming, and data to be updated, deleted, changed, or augmented.
Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT08832476T ATE525819T1 (en) | 2007-06-15 | 2008-06-16 | GENERATION OF A MEGA-FRAME INITIALIZATION PACKAGE AND SYNCHRONOUS REGENERATION WITH BIT RATE ADAPTATION FOR MONO-FREQUENCY NETWORKS WITH MULTIPLE MODULATION SCHEME |
EP08832476A EP2165442B1 (en) | 2007-06-15 | 2008-06-16 | Mega-frame initialization packet generation and synchronous re-generation with bit rate adaptation for single frequency networks with multiple modulation schemes |
BRPI0813506A BRPI0813506A2 (en) | 2007-06-15 | 2008-06-16 | mega-frame initialization packets and synchronous re-generation with bit rate adaptation for single frequency networks with multiple modulation schemes |
CA002689574A CA2689574A1 (en) | 2007-06-15 | 2008-06-16 | Mega-frame initialization packet generation and synchronous re-generation with bit rate adaptation for single frequency networks with multiple modulation schemes |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US92917007P | 2007-06-15 | 2007-06-15 | |
US92916907P | 2007-06-15 | 2007-06-15 | |
US60/929,170 | 2007-06-15 | ||
US60/929,169 | 2007-06-15 |
Publications (2)
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WO2009037597A2 true WO2009037597A2 (en) | 2009-03-26 |
WO2009037597A3 WO2009037597A3 (en) | 2009-08-20 |
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Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/IB2008/003683 WO2009037597A2 (en) | 2007-06-15 | 2008-06-16 | Mega-frame initialization packet generation and synchronous re-generation with bit rate adaptation for single frequency networks with multiple modulation schemes |
PCT/IB2008/003587 WO2009040680A2 (en) | 2007-06-15 | 2008-06-16 | Deterministic program clock reference re-stamping for synchronous bit rate adaptation based on mega-frame initialization packet |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/IB2008/003587 WO2009040680A2 (en) | 2007-06-15 | 2008-06-16 | Deterministic program clock reference re-stamping for synchronous bit rate adaptation based on mega-frame initialization packet |
Country Status (6)
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US (2) | US7924886B2 (en) |
EP (2) | EP2163016A2 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE525819T1 (en) |
BR (2) | BRPI0813505A2 (en) |
CA (2) | CA2689541A1 (en) |
WO (2) | WO2009037597A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (11)
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US7937618B2 (en) * | 2007-04-26 | 2011-05-03 | International Business Machines Corporation | Distributed, fault-tolerant and highly available computing system |
EP2163016A2 (en) * | 2007-06-15 | 2010-03-17 | Michele Bargauan | Deterministic program clock reference re-stamping for synchronous bit rate adaptation based on mega-frame initialization packet |
US8493853B2 (en) | 2007-12-13 | 2013-07-23 | Arris Solutions, Inc. | Flow control in a network device |
JP5380862B2 (en) * | 2008-03-05 | 2014-01-08 | 日本電気株式会社 | IP stream transmission / reception system, IP stream reception apparatus, and reception processing timing synchronization method used therefor |
US20100042866A1 (en) * | 2008-08-15 | 2010-02-18 | Mediatek Inc. | Method and Apparatus for Adjusting a System Timer of a Mobile Station |
US20110255556A1 (en) * | 2008-12-19 | 2011-10-20 | Frederic Landais | Method for transport stream synchronizing in a multiplexer comprising an external corpocessor |
CN102215144B (en) * | 2011-05-17 | 2016-06-29 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | The measuring method of packet loss and system |
JP6232870B2 (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2017-11-22 | 株式会社リコー | Wireless communication system, wireless communication method, program, and recording medium |
FR3015739B1 (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2017-05-26 | Enensys Tech | METHOD FOR GENERATING TEMPORAL MARKING FOR SYNCHRONOUS TERRESTRIAL DIFFUSION |
US11095535B2 (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2021-08-17 | Gigamon Inc. | Adaptive and flexible packet sampling |
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- 2008-06-16 EP EP08832476A patent/EP2165442B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2008-06-16 WO PCT/IB2008/003683 patent/WO2009037597A2/en active Application Filing
- 2008-06-16 WO PCT/IB2008/003587 patent/WO2009040680A2/en active Application Filing
- 2008-06-16 AT AT08832476T patent/ATE525819T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-06-16 BR BRPI0813505-3A2A patent/BRPI0813505A2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-06-16 CA CA002689541A patent/CA2689541A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-06-16 US US12/139,886 patent/US7924886B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-06-16 CA CA002689574A patent/CA2689574A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-06-16 US US12/139,932 patent/US7983303B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-06-16 BR BRPI0813506A patent/BRPI0813506A2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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"Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); DVB mega-frame for Single Frequency Network (SFN) synchronization; ETSI TS 101 191" ETSI STANDARDS, LIS, SOPHIA ANTIPOLIS CEDEX, FRANCE, vol. BC, no. V1.4.1, 1 June 2004 (2004-06-01), XP014015853 ISSN: 0000-0001 cited in the application * |
EUROPEAN TELECOMMUNICATIONS STANDARDS INSTITUTE: "Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Framing structure, channel coding and modulation for digital terrestrial television" ETSI EN 300 744 V1.4.1, XX, XX, 1 January 2001 (2001-01-01), XP002207124 cited in the application * |
EUROPEAN TELECOMMUNICATIONS STANDARDS INSTITUTE: "Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Implementation Guidelines for DVB terrestrial services; Transmission aspects" TR 101 190 V1.1.1, XX, XX, 1 December 1997 (1997-12-01), pages 1-77, XP002207123 cited in the application * |
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WO2009040680A3 (en) | 2009-06-11 |
US20080310460A1 (en) | 2008-12-18 |
US7983303B2 (en) | 2011-07-19 |
CA2689541A1 (en) | 2009-04-02 |
WO2009040680A2 (en) | 2009-04-02 |
EP2165442B1 (en) | 2011-09-21 |
EP2165442A2 (en) | 2010-03-24 |
US7924886B2 (en) | 2011-04-12 |
BRPI0813506A2 (en) | 2015-12-15 |
BRPI0813505A2 (en) | 2015-01-06 |
WO2009037597A3 (en) | 2009-08-20 |
ATE525819T1 (en) | 2011-10-15 |
EP2163016A2 (en) | 2010-03-17 |
US20080310533A1 (en) | 2008-12-18 |
CA2689574A1 (en) | 2009-03-26 |
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