WO2009024015A1 - A stable formulation of exenatide - Google Patents

A stable formulation of exenatide Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009024015A1
WO2009024015A1 PCT/CN2008/001387 CN2008001387W WO2009024015A1 WO 2009024015 A1 WO2009024015 A1 WO 2009024015A1 CN 2008001387 W CN2008001387 W CN 2008001387W WO 2009024015 A1 WO2009024015 A1 WO 2009024015A1
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Prior art keywords
preparation
exenatide
combination
mobile phase
formulation
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PCT/CN2008/001387
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
Huijuan Zhong
Yuxia Wu
Yuru Li
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Jiangsu Hansen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
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Publication of WO2009024015A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009024015A1/en

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/0012Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
    • A61K9/0019Injectable compositions; Intramuscular, intravenous, arterial, subcutaneous administration; Compositions to be administered through the skin in an invasive manner
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K38/00Medicinal preparations containing peptides
    • A61K38/16Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K38/17Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
    • A61K38/22Hormones
    • A61K38/26Glucagons
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/0012Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
    • A61K9/0014Skin, i.e. galenical aspects of topical compositions
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/04Anorexiants; Antiobesity agents
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/08Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
    • A61P3/10Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P5/00Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system
    • A61P5/48Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system of the pancreatic hormones
    • A61P5/50Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system of the pancreatic hormones for increasing or potentiating the activity of insulin

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to exendin agonist preparations, in particular to a stable exenatide preparation, a preparation method thereof and use thereof, which can be administered by injection and non-injection routes, and are used for prevention and treatment including type I and type II.
  • Diabetes including diabetes, and for the prevention and treatment of conditions that benefit from lowering plasma glucose levels, effectively delaying and/or slowing gastric emptying or reducing food intake. Background technique
  • Exenatide (code AC-2993, chemical name exenatide, also known as exenatide) is an Exendin-4 agonist, which is a pancreas contained in saliva produced by the poisonous lizard (produced in the southwestern United States).
  • the artificial synthesis of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) substance can function in the body by simulating the action of incretin, thereby achieving the effect of controlling blood sugar.
  • H-His-Gly-Glu-Gly-Thr-Phe-Thr-Ser-Asp-Leu-Ser-Lys-Gln-Met-Glu-Glu-Glu- Ala-Val-Arg-Leu-Phe-Ile-Glu- Trp-Leu-Lys-Asn-Gly-Gly-Pro-Ser-Ser-Gly-Al a - Pro-Pro- Pro- Ser- NH 2 is a polypeptide of 39 nitrogen acids with a molecular weight of 4186. 6 Daoer It is soluble in water, methanol or ethanol with a specific rotation of 6 ⁇ - 68 °.
  • Exenatide can be prepared by standard solid phase peptide synthesis techniques (such as automatic or semi-automated peptide synthesis). It was first developed by Amylin and Reliance Pharmaceuticals of the United States. It is a polypeptide containing 39 amino acids and is the first approved intestinal drop. The incretin mimetics drug, its new drug marketing application was approved by the US FM in April 2005, the trade name Byetta®, can effectively control blood sugar, stimulate insulin secretion, inhibit hyperglycemia secretion and slow down the gastric emptying rate. It reduces appetite, reduces food intake and reduces body weight. It is very suitable for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, for example, to improve and control the blood sugar of patients with type 2 diabetes who are not ideal for treatment with metformin and sulfonylureas.
  • Exenatide The known pharmacological effects of Exenatide include: (1) Significantly increased glucose-dependent insulin secretion, does not stimulate insulin secretion when blood glucose levels are normal or hypoglycemic, and stimulates islets only when blood glucose levels are high (2) inhibit the secretion of glucagon in type 2 diabetic patients, and reduce the concentration of glucagon in serum in hyperglycemia, but does not reduce the response of normal glucagon to hypoglycemia; (3) inhibition Postprandial gastrointestinal motility and secretion function, delay gastric emptying, which is conducive to postprandial blood glucose control; (4) reduce appetite, reduce food intake; (5) stimulate e-cell proliferation or embryonic insulin maturation differentiation, inhibition e Apoptosis, thereby increasing the number of beta cells; (6) Restoring the first phase response of insulin lost in type 2 diabetic patients, significantly increasing the secretion of insulin in the first phase and the second phase, improving the fasting of patients with type 2 diabetes And postprandial blood glucose levels.
  • Exenatide is a novel GLP-1 analogue that reduces postprandial and fasting blood glucose in type 2 diabetic patients and maintains HbA le levels within normal limits and stimulates insulin only when blood glucose levels are high Secretion, can control the blood sugar level of patients who do not respond to commonly used hypoglycemic agents, reduce the weight of most patients, and the patient's tolerance is good, the adverse reactions are light, suitable for diet regulation and other types of hypoglycemic drugs can not control Diabetic patients.
  • It is an object of the present invention to provide a stable exenatide formulation comprising exenatide, a preservative, an antioxidant, a complexing agent, an osmotic pressure adjusting agent, a buffering agent and a pH adjusting agent.
  • the preparation of the present invention can effectively slow gastric emptying and reduce plasma glucose levels in diabetic patients. Further, the content of exenatide in the preparation is 0.005 to 0.4% (w/v), preferably 0.0.10 to 0.10% (w/v), more preferably 0.015 to 0.05% (w/v), most preferably It is 0.025% (w/v).
  • the preservative is a preservative commonly used in the art, and preferably the preservative is selected from the group consisting of m-cresol, benzyl alcohol, methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, ethyl p-ethyl benzoate, propyl p-propyl benzoate, Any one or a combination of butyl p-hydroxybenzoate, phenyl p-hydroxybenzoate, phenol, cresol, chlorobutanol, p-chlorom-cresol, more preferably m-cresol, p-chloro-cresol Any one or a combination thereof.
  • the preservative of the present invention is used in an amount of 0.1%. (w/v) -2% (w/v), preferably 0.2% (w/v) -0.5% (w/v).
  • the antioxidant is an antioxidant commonly used in the art, and preferably the antioxidant is selected from the group consisting of methionine, V c , cysteine, sodium sulfite, sodium hydrogen sulfite, sodium metabisulfite, and dibutylbenzene. Any one or a combination of acid, V E , 2, 6-di-tert-butyl 4-methylphenol, oryzanol, flavonoids, decanoic acid, more preferably methionine, Vc:, cysteine Any one or combination of acids.
  • the antioxidant is used in an amount of 0.2% (w/v) to 5% (w/v), preferably 0.5% (w/v) to 2% (w/v) o.
  • the complexing agent is a complexing agent commonly used in the art, and preferably the complexing agent is selected from the group consisting of disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, sodium calcium edetate or 1,2-diaminocyclohexanetetraacetic acid. Any one or a combination thereof.
  • the complexing agent of the present invention is used in an amount of 0.01% (w/v) to 0.1% (w/v), preferably 0.05% (w/v) to 0.075% (w/v).
  • the osmotic pressure adjusting agent is an osmotic pressure regulating agent commonly used in the art, such as a carbohydrate, a polyol or a salt, and preferably the osmotic pressure adjusting agent is selected from the group consisting of galactose, arabinose, lactose or any other carbohydrate, sorbitol.
  • mannitol inositol, glycerol, xylitol, polypropylene glycol/ethylene glycol copolymer, polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG200), PEG 400, PEG 1450, PEG 3350, PEG 4000, PEG 6000, PEG 8000, chlorine Any one or combination of sodium or glucose, such that the aqueous continuous phase of the formulation is an isotonic or isotonic solution, effectively stabilizes the protein in the formulation and resists protein denaturation caused by elevated temperature, freeze-thaw or lyophilization processes.
  • the carbohydrate of the present invention has no side effects on diabetic patients and does not metabolize to form a high concentration of blood sugar; more preferably, it is any one of sorbitol, mannitol, xylitol or a combination thereof.
  • the buffering agent is a buffer commonly used in the art, and preferably the buffering agent is selected from any one or a combination of an acetate buffer, a phosphate buffer, a citrate buffer or a glutamate buffer. .
  • the pH adjuster is a pH adjuster commonly used in the art, and preferably the pH adjuster is selected from the group consisting of tromethamine, hydrochloric acid, citric acid, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, sodium citrate, and triethanolamine. Any one or a combination thereof is more preferably tromethamine or triethanolamine.
  • Exenatide preparation of the present invention may further comprise a solvent which is a solvent commonly used in the art, such as water for injection, to obtain a solution of a desired concentration.
  • a solvent which is a solvent commonly used in the art, such as water for injection, to obtain a solution of a desired concentration.
  • the pH of the preparation is from 3.0 to 7.0, preferably from 4.0 to 6.0, more preferably from 4.0 to 5.0, to reduce the irritation of the preparation to the patient.
  • the preparation is selected from the group consisting of a liquid preparation, a lyophilized preparation or a modified preparation thereof, and can be administered by oral, nasal, buccal, injection, sublingual, intratracheal, pulmonary delivery or dermal patch, for example, nasal administration.
  • a preparation, a pulmonary administration preparation, an oral administration preparation, an intratracheal administration preparation, a sublingual preparation preparation or a buccal administration preparation preferably a liquid preparation is a parenteral liquid preparation such as an injection, and the injection preparation is optional From subcutaneous injections, intravenous injections or intravenous infusions.
  • the lyophilized preparation of the present invention is selected from the group consisting of a lyophilized unit preparation or a frozen multi-purpose preparation.
  • the formulations of the present invention can be prepared by formulation techniques well known in the art.
  • compositions of the present invention further comprise other pharmaceutically acceptable carriers for maintaining the stability of exenatide and its formulations, which are well known in the art for the preparation of such formulations.
  • the usual excipients or excipients, the amount and type thereof are determined according to factors such as the physical and chemical properties and content of the active ingredients in the composition, the type of the preparation, and the like.
  • the active ingredient may be mixed with a pharmaceutically acceptable controlled release carrier according to the preparation requirements thereof, and then according to a preparation method of a controlled release preparation well known in the art, such as adding a retarder coating or micro active ingredient.
  • the pellets are prepared into a pellet, such as a sustained release pellet or a controlled release pellet;
  • the sustained release carrier includes, but is not limited to, an oily incorporation agent, a hydrophilic colloid or a coating retarder,
  • the oleaginous incorporation agent is glyceryl monostearate, hydrogenated castor oil, mineral oil, polysiloxane, dimethyl siloxane;
  • the hydrophilic colloid is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl a cellulose derivative such as cellulose or hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, or PVP, gum arabic, scutellaria or carbopol;
  • the coating retarder is ethyl cellulose (EC), hydroxy Propylmethylcellulose (HMPC), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP), acrylic resin, and the like.
  • the lyophilized preparation of the present invention is stable and may contain a frozen 1000 excipient to improve the formability of the preparation, to facilitate the stabilization of the preparation and/or to alleviate the pain of injection, and to include surface activity which is beneficial for agglomeration characteristics and/or reconstitution.
  • Agent selected from any one of about 1.0-10% (w/v) carbohydrate, polyol, physiological saline or a combination thereof, such as sorbitol, mannitol, xylitol, glucose Or a combination thereof; the surfactant is a surfactant commonly used in the art, preferably from about 0.1 to about 1.0% (w/v) Tween 80 or other nonionic detergent.
  • the present invention also encompasses solid dosage forms for oral, buccal, sublingual, intratracheal, nasal and pulmonary delivery, such as liquid formulations and/or dry powder formulations.
  • Dry powder formulations may contain extenders and/or salts which aid in the formation of particles of a certain size and a suitable particle size distribution, as well as facilitate the morphological properties of the dry powder particles and/or promote tissue uptake of the active ingredients.
  • the dosage range is from about 0.005 ⁇ g/lcg/dose to about 0.2 ⁇ g/kg/dose, preferably from about 0.02 ⁇ g/kg/dose to about 0.1 ⁇ g/kg/dose, More preferably, it is about 0.05 ⁇ g/kg/dose to about 0.1 ⁇ g/kg/dose, and the recommended dosing frequency is 1-4 times/day, preferably 1-2 times/day.
  • the recommended dosage and manner of administration is: about Ol wg / Kg - about 0.5 wg / Kg, administered in the form of 1-3 times / day, preferably 2-3 times / day, more preferably 2 times / day.
  • the oral dose according to the present invention comprises from about 50 to about 100 times the active ingredient, that is, a single or multiple doses of from about 500 to about 12,000 ⁇ g per day, preferably from about 500 to about 5,000 ⁇ per day.
  • the pulmonary administration dose according to the present invention comprises from about 10 to about 100 times the active ingredient, that is, the dose administered in a single dose or multiple doses is from about 100 to about 12,000 per day, preferably from about 500 to 1000 per day.
  • the nasal, buccal and sublingual doses according to the present invention also include from about 10 to about 100 times the active ingredient, that is, the dose administered in a single dose or multiple doses is from about 100 to about 12,000 ⁇ per day, for example,
  • the preferred dosage for nasal administration is from about 10 to 1000 to about 1200 to 12,000 ⁇ g per day
  • the preferred dosage for buccal administration is from about 10 to 1000 to about 1200 to 12,000 ⁇ g per ounce, the preferred dosage for sublingual administration. From about 10-1000 to about 1200-8,000 per day
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for determining the content of exenatide preparation, which is characterized in that the content of exenatide in the preparation is determined by high performance liquid chromatography, and octadecylsilane bonded silica gel is used.
  • 6rani 300A is a column packing, gradient elution from mobile phase, flow rate is 1.0ml/min, check The water having a wavelength of 220 nm, and the theoretical plate number is not less than 2,000, and the mobile phase is composed of a mobile phase A and a mobile phase B, which is a water containing 0.5% trifluoroacetic acid.
  • the mobile phase B is acetonitrile containing 0.05% trifluoroacetic acid.
  • the measuring method further comprises: taking an appropriate amount of the preparation, accurately weighing, dissolving and diluting into a solution having a concentration of 0.25 mg/ml with a 0. 05% aqueous solution of trifluoroacetic acid, and shaking it as a test solution; Measure 20 ⁇ l of the test solution, inject it into the liquid chromatograph, and record the chromatogram.
  • the mobile phase composition at the start of the test is A: ⁇ is 78: 22, and the mobile phase composition at 30 min is A: B is 35: 65.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an application of an Exenatide formulation for the preparation of a medicament for the prevention and treatment of diabetes to enhance the sensitivity of a patient to endogenous or exogenous insulin.
  • the diabetes is selected from the group consisting of type I diabetes, type II diabetes, obesity, and other conditions that benefit from slowing gastric emptying, lowering plasma glucose levels, and reducing food intake.
  • the exendin-4 of the present invention is prepared by standard solid phase peptide synthesis techniques (such as automated or semi-automated peptide synthesis): in a base such as diisopropylethylamine and a coupling agent such as dicyclohexyl carbon In the presence of diimine and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole) in an inert solvent such as dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidinone or methylene chloride, at room temperature A-N-carbamoyl protected amino acid and amino acid coupling of an extended peptide chain attached to a resin.
  • a base such as diisopropylethylamine and a coupling agent such as dicyclohexyl carbon
  • an inert solvent such as dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidinone or methylene chloride
  • the ⁇ - ⁇ -carbamoyl protecting group is removed from the resulting peptide-resin using a reagent such as trifluoroacetic acid or piperidine, and the coupling reaction is repeated with the next desired oxime-protected amino acid added to the peptide chain.
  • the oxime-protecting group is a oxime-protecting group commonly used in the art, preferably t-butoxycarbonyl (tBoc) and fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl (Fmoc).
  • Example 1 The Exenatide preparation prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 was placed in a glass bottle or a vial glass bottle, and sealed with a butyl rubber stopper, and placed at 25 Torr and 2 to 8 ° C, respectively.
  • high performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the change of exenatide content in the sample during the investigation.
  • exenatide in the preparation was determined by high performance liquid chromatography with octadecylsilane bonded silica as the column packing agent (( 18 15 ( «4. 6 ⁇ 30( ⁇ ), with water (including 0) 05% trifluoroacetic acid) is mobile phase A; mobile phase B with acetonitrile (containing 0.05% trifluoroacetic acid), the composition of mobile phase is shown in Table 1; gradient elution; flow rate is 1.0ml/min, detection The wavelength is 220 nm, and the number of theoretical plates should be no less than 2000 by exenatide.
  • Table 1 Composition of mobile phase
  • Table 2 shows that the long-term stability of the exenatide preparation of the present invention is remarkably improved.

Abstract

The invention provides a stable formulation of exenatide, preparation method and use thereof, and a method for content determination of exenatide in the formulation. The formulation of present invention has increased significantly stability in a long term, and is useful in treating diabetes and conditions that would be benefited by lowering plasma glucose or delaying and/or slowing gastric emptying or inhibiting food intake.

Description

一种稳定的艾塞那肽制剂 技术领域  A stable exenatide preparation technical field
本发明涉及 exendin激动剂制剂, 特别涉及一种稳定的艾塞那肽制剂及其制 备方法和其用途, 所述的制剂可通过注射和非注射途径给药, 用于防治包括 I型 和 II型糖尿病在内的糖尿病, 以及用于防治得益于降低血浆血糖水平、 有效延迟 和 /或减慢胃排空或减少摄取食物的病症。 背景技术  The present invention relates to exendin agonist preparations, in particular to a stable exenatide preparation, a preparation method thereof and use thereof, which can be administered by injection and non-injection routes, and are used for prevention and treatment including type I and type II. Diabetes, including diabetes, and for the prevention and treatment of conditions that benefit from lowering plasma glucose levels, effectively delaying and/or slowing gastric emptying or reducing food intake. Background technique
根据 WHO在 1997年的报告, 1995年全球约有 1. 35亿名糖尿病患者, 预测到 2025年将猛增到 2. 99亿, 糖尿病(II型糖尿病, NIDDM)已成为继肿瘤、 心脑血管 病之后第三位严重危害人类健康的慢性病。 近年来, 我国糖尿病发病率不断上升、 患者低龄化的情况日益突出。 1997年, 我国 11省市的调查结果表明, 糖尿病 (DM) 标化患病率 3. 21 %, 糖耐量减低(IGT)标化患病率为 4. 76%, 据推测, 我国现有 II型糖尿病患者和糖耐量减低者 5000万人,至少有 1/4-1/2的糖尿病患者未被诊 断, 只有 1/3 的已诊断患者得到理想控制。 因此, 研究开发理想的糖尿病临床用 药非常重要。  According to the WHO report in 1997, there were approximately 135 million diabetic patients worldwide in 1995, and it is predicted to surge to 199 million by 2025. Diabetes (type II diabetes, NIDDM) has become a tumor, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular The third chronic disease that seriously endangers human health after the disease. In recent years, the incidence of diabetes in China has been increasing, and the situation of younger patients has become increasingly prominent. In 1997, the survey results of 11 provinces and cities in China showed that the prevalence of diabetes (DM) standardization was 321%, and the prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) was 4.76%. It is speculated that China has II Type 2 diabetes patients and impaired glucose tolerance are 50 million people, at least 1/4-1/2 of the diabetic patients are not diagnosed, and only 1/3 of the diagnosed patients are ideally controlled. Therefore, it is very important to research and develop ideal diabetes clinical drugs.
艾塞那肽 (代号 AC-2993, 化学名 exenatide, 又称艾塞那肽)为 Exendin- 4类 激动剂, 是大毒蜥 (美国西南部产)在进食时分泌唾液中所含有的类胰高血糖素类 肽- 1 (Glucagon- like Peptide-1, GLP- 1)物质的人工合成物, 可通过模拟肠促胰 岛素的作用在体内发挥作用, 从而达到控制血糖的效果。  Exenatide (code AC-2993, chemical name exenatide, also known as exenatide) is an Exendin-4 agonist, which is a pancreas contained in saliva produced by the poisonous lizard (produced in the southwestern United States). The artificial synthesis of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) substance can function in the body by simulating the action of incretin, thereby achieving the effect of controlling blood sugar.
艾 塞 那 肽 的 氨 基 酸 序 列 为 - The amino acid sequence of exenatide is -
H-His-Gly-Glu-Gly-Thr-Phe-Thr-Ser-Asp-Leu-Ser-Lys-Gln-Met-Glu-Glu-Glu- Ala-Val-Arg-Leu-Phe-Ile-Glu-Trp-Leu-Lys-Asn-Gly-Gly-Pro-Ser-Ser-Gly-Al a - Pro- Pro- Pro- Ser- NH2,为 39个氮基酸的多肽,分子量为 4186. 6道尔顿,在水、 甲醇或乙醇中易溶, 比旋度为 6Γ 〜- 68 ° 。 H-His-Gly-Glu-Gly-Thr-Phe-Thr-Ser-Asp-Leu-Ser-Lys-Gln-Met-Glu-Glu-Glu- Ala-Val-Arg-Leu-Phe-Ile-Glu- Trp-Leu-Lys-Asn-Gly-Gly-Pro-Ser-Ser-Gly-Al a - Pro-Pro- Pro- Ser- NH 2 is a polypeptide of 39 nitrogen acids with a molecular weight of 4186. 6 Daoer It is soluble in water, methanol or ethanol with a specific rotation of 6Γ~- 68 °.
艾塞那肽可由标准固相肽合成技术 (如自动或半自动肽合成法) 制备得到, 首先由美国 Amylin和礼莱制药公司共同开发, 为含有 39个氨基酸的多肽, 也是 首个获准的肠降血糖素类似物(incretin mimetics)药物, 其新药上市申请于 2005 年 4月获得美国 FM批准, 商品名 Byetta®, 可有效控制血糖、 刺激胰岛素分泌、 抑制高血糖紊分泌和减缓胃的排空速度, 降低食欲, 减少食物摄入和减轻体重, 非常适用于 II型糖尿病的治疗, 例如, 用于改善和控制二甲双胍和磺酰脲类药物 治疗不理想的 II型糖尿病患者的血糖。  Exenatide can be prepared by standard solid phase peptide synthesis techniques (such as automatic or semi-automated peptide synthesis). It was first developed by Amylin and Reliance Pharmaceuticals of the United States. It is a polypeptide containing 39 amino acids and is the first approved intestinal drop. The incretin mimetics drug, its new drug marketing application was approved by the US FM in April 2005, the trade name Byetta®, can effectively control blood sugar, stimulate insulin secretion, inhibit hyperglycemia secretion and slow down the gastric emptying rate. It reduces appetite, reduces food intake and reduces body weight. It is very suitable for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, for example, to improve and control the blood sugar of patients with type 2 diabetes who are not ideal for treatment with metformin and sulfonylureas.
艾塞那肽的已知药理作用包括: (1)显著增加葡萄糖依赖性促胰岛素分泌, 在 血糖水平正常或低血糖时并不刺激胰岛素的分泌, 仅在血糖水平较高时刺激胰岛 素分泌; (2)抑制 II型糖尿病患者胰高血糖素的分泌, 并在高血糖时降低血清中 胰高血糖素浓度, 但不减弱正常胰髙血糖素对低血糖的反应; (3)抑制餐后胃肠动 力及分泌功能, 延迟胃排空, 从而有利于餐后血糖的控制; (4)降低食欲, 减少食 物的摄入; (5)刺激 e细胞增生或胚胎胰岛素成熟分化, 抑制 e细胞凋亡, 从而增 加 β细胞的数量; (6)恢复 II型糖尿病患者丧失的胰岛素第一时相反应, 显著 增加第一时相及第二时相胰岛素的分泌, 改善 II型糖尿病患者的空腹及餐后血糖 水平。 The known pharmacological effects of Exenatide include: (1) Significantly increased glucose-dependent insulin secretion, does not stimulate insulin secretion when blood glucose levels are normal or hypoglycemic, and stimulates islets only when blood glucose levels are high (2) inhibit the secretion of glucagon in type 2 diabetic patients, and reduce the concentration of glucagon in serum in hyperglycemia, but does not reduce the response of normal glucagon to hypoglycemia; (3) inhibition Postprandial gastrointestinal motility and secretion function, delay gastric emptying, which is conducive to postprandial blood glucose control; (4) reduce appetite, reduce food intake; (5) stimulate e-cell proliferation or embryonic insulin maturation differentiation, inhibition e Apoptosis, thereby increasing the number of beta cells; (6) Restoring the first phase response of insulin lost in type 2 diabetic patients, significantly increasing the secretion of insulin in the first phase and the second phase, improving the fasting of patients with type 2 diabetes And postprandial blood glucose levels.
在一项为期 30周的随机双盲安慰剂对照研究中, 733例联合使用二甲双胍及 磺酰脲类降糖药治疗不能有效控制血糖的患者 [HbA^的基线水平在 (8. 2 ± 1. 0) %] , 首先 2次 /日皮下注射艾塞那肽 5 g或安慰剂; 4周后, 艾塞那肽组分为 A 组和 B组, A组继续维持艾塞那肽剂量不变, B组改用 2次 /日, 每次 10 g; 安慰 剂组在整个研究中均按照 2次 /日使用; 研究期间, 二甲双胍治疗组仍维持原有剂 量, 磺酰脲类治疗组则随机分成有效剂量 (MAX)和最低推荐剂量 (MIN)组。 结果显 示, 治疗 30周时, 患者 Hb 显著降低, 疗效与艾塞那肽呈现量效关系, 且 2个 剂量给药组患者体重均显著减轻。  In a 30-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 733 patients were treated with metformin and a sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent in patients who were unable to effectively control blood glucose [HbA^ baseline levels were (8. 2 ± 1. 0) %], first subcutaneous injection of exenatide 5 g or placebo 2 times/day; after 4 weeks, exenatide components were group A and B, group A continued to maintain the dose of exenatide unchanged Group B was switched to 2 times/day, 10 g each time; placebo group was used twice per day in the whole study; during the study period, the metformin treatment group still maintained the original dose, and the sulfonylurea treatment group was randomized. Divided into the effective dose (MAX) and the lowest recommended dose (MIN) group. The results showed that at 30 weeks of treatment, the patient's Hb was significantly reduced, the efficacy was dose-effect relationship with exenatide, and the weight of the two dose-administered groups was significantly reduced.
另外, 艾塞那肽用于 II型糖尿病患者的临床研究提示, 患者的耐受性良好, 与剂量相关的最常见不良反应为恶心, 不良反应多为轻度和中度, 并在随后的持 续治疗中, 患者的恶心、 呕吐发生率及其严重程度都随之下降。  In addition, the clinical study of Exenatide in patients with type 2 diabetes suggests that the patient is well tolerated, the most common dose-related adverse reaction is nausea, and the adverse reactions are mostly mild and moderate, and continue in the subsequent During treatment, the incidence of nausea and vomiting and the severity of the patients decreased.
艾塞那肽为一种全新的 GLP- 1类似物, 可降低 II型糖尿病患者餐后和空腹血 糖, 并能使 HbAle水平维持在正常范围内, 并且仅在血糖水平较高时才刺激胰岛素 分泌, 能控制对常用降糖药无应答患者的血糖水平, 降低大部分患者的体重, 且 患者的耐受性好, 不良反应较轻, 适用于饮食调节和其他降糖药不能控制的 Π型 糖尿病患者。 Exenatide is a novel GLP-1 analogue that reduces postprandial and fasting blood glucose in type 2 diabetic patients and maintains HbA le levels within normal limits and stimulates insulin only when blood glucose levels are high Secretion, can control the blood sugar level of patients who do not respond to commonly used hypoglycemic agents, reduce the weight of most patients, and the patient's tolerance is good, the adverse reactions are light, suitable for diet regulation and other types of hypoglycemic drugs can not control Diabetic patients.
中国发明专利申请 00804847.9公开了艾塞那肽的皮下注射剂、 静脉内注射剂 或静脉内输注制剂, 其全文内容及其引用文献所公开的内容均作为本申请的参考。 发明内容  Chinese Patent Application No. 0 080 484 7.9 discloses a subcutaneous injection of exenatide, an intravenous injection or an intravenous infusion preparation, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. Summary of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种稳定的艾塞那肽制剂, 所述制剂包括艾塞那肽、 防腐剂、 抗氧剂、 络合剂、 渗透压调节剂、 缓冲剂和 pH调节剂。  It is an object of the present invention to provide a stable exenatide formulation comprising exenatide, a preservative, an antioxidant, a complexing agent, an osmotic pressure adjusting agent, a buffering agent and a pH adjusting agent.
本发明的制剂可以有效减慢糖尿病患者的胃排空和降低其血浆葡萄糖水平。 进一步,制剂中艾塞那肽的含量为 0.005-0.4%(w/v),优选为 0.0.10-0.10%(w/v), 更优选为 0.015-0.05 %(w/v), 最优选为 0.025 %(w/v)。  The preparation of the present invention can effectively slow gastric emptying and reduce plasma glucose levels in diabetic patients. Further, the content of exenatide in the preparation is 0.005 to 0.4% (w/v), preferably 0.0.10 to 0.10% (w/v), more preferably 0.015 to 0.05% (w/v), most preferably It is 0.025% (w/v).
进一步,所述的防腐剂为本领域常用的防腐剂,优选防腐剂选自间甲酚、苄醇、 对羟基笨甲酸甲酯、 对轻基苯甲酸乙酯、 对轻基苯甲酸丙酯、 对羟基苯甲酸丁酯、 对羟基苯甲酸苯酯、 苯酚、 甲酚、 三氯叔丁醇、 对氯间甲酚的任一种或其组合, 更优选为间甲酚、对氯间甲酚的任一种或其组合。本发明所述防腐剂的用量为 0.1% (w/v) -2% (w/v), 优选 0.2% (w/v) -0.5% (w/v)。 Further, the preservative is a preservative commonly used in the art, and preferably the preservative is selected from the group consisting of m-cresol, benzyl alcohol, methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, ethyl p-ethyl benzoate, propyl p-propyl benzoate, Any one or a combination of butyl p-hydroxybenzoate, phenyl p-hydroxybenzoate, phenol, cresol, chlorobutanol, p-chlorom-cresol, more preferably m-cresol, p-chloro-cresol Any one or a combination thereof. The preservative of the present invention is used in an amount of 0.1%. (w/v) -2% (w/v), preferably 0.2% (w/v) -0.5% (w/v).
进一步, 所述的抗氧剂为本领域常用的抗氧剂, 优选抗氧剂选自甲硫氨酸、 Vc、 半胱氨酸、 亚硫酸钠、 亚硫酸氢钠、 焦亚硫酸钠、 二丁基苯酸、 VE、 2, 6- 二叔丁基- 4-甲基苯酚、 谷维素、 黄酮类、 枸橼酸的任一种或其组合, 更优选为甲 硫氨酸、 Vc:、半胱氨酸的任一种或其组合。本发明所述抗氧剂的用量为 0.2% (w/v) -5% (w/v), 优选为 0.5% (w/v) -2% (w/v) o Further, the antioxidant is an antioxidant commonly used in the art, and preferably the antioxidant is selected from the group consisting of methionine, V c , cysteine, sodium sulfite, sodium hydrogen sulfite, sodium metabisulfite, and dibutylbenzene. Any one or a combination of acid, V E , 2, 6-di-tert-butyl 4-methylphenol, oryzanol, flavonoids, decanoic acid, more preferably methionine, Vc:, cysteine Any one or combination of acids. The antioxidant is used in an amount of 0.2% (w/v) to 5% (w/v), preferably 0.5% (w/v) to 2% (w/v) o.
进一步,所述的络合剂为本领域常用的络合剂,优选络合剂选自乙二胺四乙酸 二钠、 乙二胺四乙酸钙钠或 1, 2-二氨基环己烷四乙酸的任一种或其组合。 本发明 所述络合剂的用量为 0.01% (w/v) -0.1% (w/v),优选为 0.05% (w/v) -0.075% (w/v)。  Further, the complexing agent is a complexing agent commonly used in the art, and preferably the complexing agent is selected from the group consisting of disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, sodium calcium edetate or 1,2-diaminocyclohexanetetraacetic acid. Any one or a combination thereof. The complexing agent of the present invention is used in an amount of 0.01% (w/v) to 0.1% (w/v), preferably 0.05% (w/v) to 0.075% (w/v).
进一步, 所述的渗透压调节剂为本领域常用的渗透压调节剂, 如碳水化合物、 多元醇或盐, 优选渗透压调节剂选自半乳糖、 阿拉伯糖、 乳糖或任何其它碳水化 合物、 山梨醇、 甘露醇、 肌醇、 甘油、 木糖醇、 聚丙二醇 /乙二醇共聚物、 聚乙二 醇 200(PEG200)、 PEG 400、 PEG 1450、 PEG 3350、 PEG 4000、 PEG 6000、 PEG 8000、 氯化钠、 葡萄糖的任一种或其组合, 使得制剂的水连续相为等张或等渗溶液, 有 效稳定制剂中的蛋白质, 并抵抗温度升高、 冻融或冻干工艺引起的蛋白质变性。 本发明所述碳水化合物对糖尿病患者没有副作用, 不会代谢形成高浓度的血糖; 更优选为山梨醇、 甘露醇、 木糖醇的任一种或其组合。  Further, the osmotic pressure adjusting agent is an osmotic pressure regulating agent commonly used in the art, such as a carbohydrate, a polyol or a salt, and preferably the osmotic pressure adjusting agent is selected from the group consisting of galactose, arabinose, lactose or any other carbohydrate, sorbitol. , mannitol, inositol, glycerol, xylitol, polypropylene glycol/ethylene glycol copolymer, polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG200), PEG 400, PEG 1450, PEG 3350, PEG 4000, PEG 6000, PEG 8000, chlorine Any one or combination of sodium or glucose, such that the aqueous continuous phase of the formulation is an isotonic or isotonic solution, effectively stabilizes the protein in the formulation and resists protein denaturation caused by elevated temperature, freeze-thaw or lyophilization processes. The carbohydrate of the present invention has no side effects on diabetic patients and does not metabolize to form a high concentration of blood sugar; more preferably, it is any one of sorbitol, mannitol, xylitol or a combination thereof.
进一步, 所述的缓冲剂为本领域常用的缓冲剂, 优选缓冲剂选自醋酸盐缓冲 剂、 磷酸盐缓冲剂、 柠檬酸盐缓冲剂或谷氨酸盐缓冲剂的任一种或其组合。  Further, the buffering agent is a buffer commonly used in the art, and preferably the buffering agent is selected from any one or a combination of an acetate buffer, a phosphate buffer, a citrate buffer or a glutamate buffer. .
进一步, 所述的 pH调节剂为本领域常用的 pH调节剂, 优选 pH调节剂选自 氨丁三醇、 盐酸、 枸橼酸、 氢氧化钾、 氢氧化钠、 枸橼酸钠、 三乙醇胺的任一种 或其组合, 更优选为氨丁三醇或三乙醇胺。  Further, the pH adjuster is a pH adjuster commonly used in the art, and preferably the pH adjuster is selected from the group consisting of tromethamine, hydrochloric acid, citric acid, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, sodium citrate, and triethanolamine. Any one or a combination thereof is more preferably tromethamine or triethanolamine.
进一步, 本发明的艾塞那肽制剂还可包括溶媒, 所述溶媒为本领域常用的溶 媒, 如注射用水, 以获得需要浓度的溶液。  Further, the Exenatide preparation of the present invention may further comprise a solvent which is a solvent commonly used in the art, such as water for injection, to obtain a solution of a desired concentration.
进一步, 所述制剂的 pH为 3.0-7.0, 优选为 4.0-6.0, 更优选 4.0-5.0, 以减少 制剂对患者的刺激。  Further, the pH of the preparation is from 3.0 to 7.0, preferably from 4.0 to 6.0, more preferably from 4.0 to 5.0, to reduce the irritation of the preparation to the patient.
进一步, 所述制剂选自液体制剂、 冻干制剂或其改进制剂, 可用于经口、 鼻、 颊、 注射、 舌下、 气管内、 肺传递或皮肤贴片等途径给药, 例如鼻给药制剂、 经 肺给药制剂、 口服给药制剂、 气管内给药制剂、 舌下给药制剂或经颊给药制剂, 优选为液体制剂为胃肠外液体制剂, 如注射剂, 所述注射剂可选自皮下注射剂、 静脉内注射剂或静脉内输注剂。 本发明所述的冻干制剂选自冻干单位制剂或冻千 多用制剂。 可采用本领域熟知的制剂技术手段制备得到本发明的制剂。  Further, the preparation is selected from the group consisting of a liquid preparation, a lyophilized preparation or a modified preparation thereof, and can be administered by oral, nasal, buccal, injection, sublingual, intratracheal, pulmonary delivery or dermal patch, for example, nasal administration. a preparation, a pulmonary administration preparation, an oral administration preparation, an intratracheal administration preparation, a sublingual preparation preparation or a buccal administration preparation, preferably a liquid preparation is a parenteral liquid preparation such as an injection, and the injection preparation is optional From subcutaneous injections, intravenous injections or intravenous infusions. The lyophilized preparation of the present invention is selected from the group consisting of a lyophilized unit preparation or a frozen multi-purpose preparation. The formulations of the present invention can be prepared by formulation techniques well known in the art.
必要时,本发明组合物中还包含其他药学上可接受的载体,用于保持艾塞那肽 及其制剂的稳定性, 所述药学上可接受的载体为本领域熟知的用于制备上述制剂 的常用赋形剂或辅料, 其用量、 种类根据组合物中有效成分的理化性质和含量、 制剂类型等因素而定。 另外,还可将活性成分与药学上可接受的缓控释载体按其制备要求加以混合, 再按照本领域熟知的缓控释制剂的制备方法, 如加入阻滞剂包衣或将活性成分微 囊化后再制成微丸, 如缓释微丸或控释微丸; 所述的缓控释载体包括但不仅限于 油脂性掺入剂、 亲水胶体或包衣阻滞剂等, 所述的油脂性掺入剂为单硬脂酸甘油 酯、 氢化蓖麻油、 矿油、 聚硅氧烷、 二甲基硅氧垸; 所述的亲水胶体为羧甲基纤 维素钠、 羟丙基纤维素、 羟丙基甲基纤维素等纤维素衍生物, 或 PVP、 阿拉伯胶、 西黄耆胶或卡波普等; 所述的包衣阻滞剂为乙基纤维素 (EC)、 羟丙甲基纤维素 (HMPC), 聚乙烯吡咯烷酮 (PVP)、 邻苯二甲酸醋酸纤维素 (CAP)、 丙稀酸类树 脂等。 If necessary, the compositions of the present invention further comprise other pharmaceutically acceptable carriers for maintaining the stability of exenatide and its formulations, which are well known in the art for the preparation of such formulations. The usual excipients or excipients, the amount and type thereof are determined according to factors such as the physical and chemical properties and content of the active ingredients in the composition, the type of the preparation, and the like. In addition, the active ingredient may be mixed with a pharmaceutically acceptable controlled release carrier according to the preparation requirements thereof, and then according to a preparation method of a controlled release preparation well known in the art, such as adding a retarder coating or micro active ingredient. After encapsulation, the pellets are prepared into a pellet, such as a sustained release pellet or a controlled release pellet; the sustained release carrier includes, but is not limited to, an oily incorporation agent, a hydrophilic colloid or a coating retarder, The oleaginous incorporation agent is glyceryl monostearate, hydrogenated castor oil, mineral oil, polysiloxane, dimethyl siloxane; the hydrophilic colloid is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl a cellulose derivative such as cellulose or hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, or PVP, gum arabic, scutellaria or carbopol; the coating retarder is ethyl cellulose (EC), hydroxy Propylmethylcellulose (HMPC), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP), acrylic resin, and the like.
本发明的冻干制剂稳定, 可含有冻千赋形剂, 以改善制剂的成形性, 并利于 制剂的稳定和 /或缓解注射疼痛, 以及包含有益于结块特性和 /或复溶的表面活性 剂。 所述冻干赋形剂选自约 1.0-10%(w/v)碳水化合物、 多元醇、 生理盐水的任一 种或其组合, 例如山梨醇、 甘露醇、 木糖醇、 葡萄糖的任一种或其组合; 所述表 面活性剂为本领域常用的表面活性剂, 优选约 0.1-约 1.0%(w/v)吐温 80或其它非 离子去垢剂。  The lyophilized preparation of the present invention is stable and may contain a frozen 1000 excipient to improve the formability of the preparation, to facilitate the stabilization of the preparation and/or to alleviate the pain of injection, and to include surface activity which is beneficial for agglomeration characteristics and/or reconstitution. Agent. The lyophilized excipient is selected from any one of about 1.0-10% (w/v) carbohydrate, polyol, physiological saline or a combination thereof, such as sorbitol, mannitol, xylitol, glucose Or a combination thereof; the surfactant is a surfactant commonly used in the art, preferably from about 0.1 to about 1.0% (w/v) Tween 80 or other nonionic detergent.
本发明还包括用于经口、 颊、 舌下、 气管内、 鼻和肺传递的固体剂型, 如液 体制剂和 /或干粉制剂。干粉制剂可含有增量剂和 /或盐类, 有助于形成的一定大小 的颗粒和合适的颗粒大小分布, 以及利于干粉颗粒形态学特性和 /或促进组织摄取 所述活性成分。  The present invention also encompasses solid dosage forms for oral, buccal, sublingual, intratracheal, nasal and pulmonary delivery, such as liquid formulations and/or dry powder formulations. Dry powder formulations may contain extenders and/or salts which aid in the formation of particles of a certain size and a suitable particle size distribution, as well as facilitate the morphological properties of the dry powder particles and/or promote tissue uptake of the active ingredients.
当本发明的制剂基于患者体重的剂量范围为约 0.005 μ g/lcg/剂至约 0.2 μ g/kg/ 剂, 优选为约 0.02 μ g/kg/剂至约 0.1 μ g/kg/剂, 更优选为约 0.05 μ g/kg/剂至约 0.1 μ g/kg/剂, 以及推荐给药频率 1-4次 /天, 优选为 1-2次 /天。  When the dosage of the present invention is based on the patient's body weight, the dosage range is from about 0.005 μg/lcg/dose to about 0.2 μg/kg/dose, preferably from about 0.02 μg/kg/dose to about 0.1 μg/kg/dose, More preferably, it is about 0.05 μg/kg/dose to about 0.1 μg/kg/dose, and the recommended dosing frequency is 1-4 times/day, preferably 1-2 times/day.
用于注射给药时, 其推荐给药剂量和方式为: 约 O.l w g/Kg -约 0.5 w g/Kg, 以 1-3次 /天形式给药, 优选为 2-3次 /天, 更优选为 2次 /天。  For administration by injection, the recommended dosage and manner of administration is: about Ol wg / Kg - about 0.5 wg / Kg, administered in the form of 1-3 times / day, preferably 2-3 times / day, more preferably 2 times / day.
按照本发明的口服剂量包括约 50至约 100倍的所述活性成分, 也就是说以单 剂或多剂给药的剂量为每天约 500至约 12,000 μ g、优选每天约 500至约 5,000 μ g。 按照本发明的肺部给药剂量包括约 10至约 100倍的所述活性成分, 也就是说以单 剂或多剂给药的剂量为每天约 100至约 12,000 优选每天约 500-1000 。 按 照本发明的鼻、 颊和舌下给药剂量也包括约 10至约 100倍的所述活性成分, 也就 是说以单剂或多剂给药的剂量为每天约 100至约 12,000 μ 例如, 经鼻给药的优 选剂量为每天约 10-1000至约 1200-12,000 μ g, 经颊给药的优选剂量为每夭约 10-1000 至约 1200-12,000 μ g , 舌下给药的优选剂量为每天约 10-1000 至约 1200-8,000  The oral dose according to the present invention comprises from about 50 to about 100 times the active ingredient, that is, a single or multiple doses of from about 500 to about 12,000 μg per day, preferably from about 500 to about 5,000 μ per day. g. The pulmonary administration dose according to the present invention comprises from about 10 to about 100 times the active ingredient, that is, the dose administered in a single dose or multiple doses is from about 100 to about 12,000 per day, preferably from about 500 to 1000 per day. The nasal, buccal and sublingual doses according to the present invention also include from about 10 to about 100 times the active ingredient, that is, the dose administered in a single dose or multiple doses is from about 100 to about 12,000 μ per day, for example, The preferred dosage for nasal administration is from about 10 to 1000 to about 1200 to 12,000 μg per day, and the preferred dosage for buccal administration is from about 10 to 1000 to about 1200 to 12,000 μg per ounce, the preferred dosage for sublingual administration. From about 10-1000 to about 1200-8,000 per day
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种测定艾塞那肽制剂含量的方法, 其特征在于, 釆用高效液相色谱法测定制剂中艾塞那肽的含量, 以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶 C18 150X4. 6rani 300A为色谱柱填充剂, 由流动相进行梯度洗脱, 流速为 1.0ml/min, 检 测波长为 220nm, 以艾塞那肽计, 理论板数不低于 2000, 所述流动相由流动相 A 和流动相 B组成,所述流动相 A为含 0. 05%三氟乙酸的水,所述流动相 B为含 0. 05% 三氟乙酸的乙腈。 Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for determining the content of exenatide preparation, which is characterized in that the content of exenatide in the preparation is determined by high performance liquid chromatography, and octadecylsilane bonded silica gel is used. C 18 150X4. 6rani 300A is a column packing, gradient elution from mobile phase, flow rate is 1.0ml/min, check The water having a wavelength of 220 nm, and the theoretical plate number is not less than 2,000, and the mobile phase is composed of a mobile phase A and a mobile phase B, which is a water containing 0.5% trifluoroacetic acid. The mobile phase B is acetonitrile containing 0.05% trifluoroacetic acid.
进一步, 所述的测定方法还包括, 取制剂适量, 精密称定, 用 0. 05%三氟乙酸 水溶液溶解并稀释成浓度为 0.25mg/ml的溶液, 摇匀, 作为供试品溶液; 精密量取 20μ1供试品溶液, 注入液相色谱仪, 记录色谱图。  Further, the measuring method further comprises: taking an appropriate amount of the preparation, accurately weighing, dissolving and diluting into a solution having a concentration of 0.25 mg/ml with a 0. 05% aqueous solution of trifluoroacetic acid, and shaking it as a test solution; Measure 20 μl of the test solution, inject it into the liquid chromatograph, and record the chromatogram.
进一步, 检测开始时的流动相组成为 A: Β为 78: 22, 检测 30min时的流动相 组成为 A: B为 35: 65。  Further, the mobile phase composition at the start of the test is A: Β is 78: 22, and the mobile phase composition at 30 min is A: B is 35: 65.
本发明的另一目的在于提供艾塞那肽制剂用于制备防治糖尿病的药物中的应 用, 以增强患者对内源性或外源性胰岛素的敏感性。 所述糖尿病选自 I型糖尿病、 II型糖尿病、肥胖症、其它得益于减慢胃排空、降低血浆葡萄糖水平和减少摄取食 物等病症。  Another object of the present invention is to provide an application of an Exenatide formulation for the preparation of a medicament for the prevention and treatment of diabetes to enhance the sensitivity of a patient to endogenous or exogenous insulin. The diabetes is selected from the group consisting of type I diabetes, type II diabetes, obesity, and other conditions that benefit from slowing gastric emptying, lowering plasma glucose levels, and reducing food intake.
除非另有说明, 本发明的百分比为重量体积百分比 (w/v)。 The percentages of the invention are weight percent by volume ( w / v) unless otherwise stated.
本发明所述的 exendin-4应用标准固相肽合成技术 (如自动或半自动肽合成法) 制得: 在一种碱(如二异丙基乙胺) 和偶联剂 (如二环己基碳二亚胺和 1-羟基苯 并三唑) 存在下, 在惰性溶剂 (如二甲基甲酰胺、 N-甲基吡咯二酮 (N-methylpyrrolidinone)或二氯甲垸) 中, 室温下, 使 a -N-氨基甲酰基保护的氨基 酸和连接在树脂上的延长肽链的氨基酸偶联。 采用试剂 (如三氟乙酸或哌啶) 从 产生的肽-树脂去除 α -Ν-氨基甲酰基保护基, 用加入到所述肽链的下一个需要的 Ν-保护的氨基酸重复偶联反应。 所述的 Ν-保护基团是本领域常用的 Ν-保护基团, 优选为叔丁氧基羰基 (tBoc)和芴基甲氧基羰基 (Fmoc)。 具体实施方式  The exendin-4 of the present invention is prepared by standard solid phase peptide synthesis techniques (such as automated or semi-automated peptide synthesis): in a base such as diisopropylethylamine and a coupling agent such as dicyclohexyl carbon In the presence of diimine and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole) in an inert solvent such as dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidinone or methylene chloride, at room temperature A-N-carbamoyl protected amino acid and amino acid coupling of an extended peptide chain attached to a resin. The α-Ν-carbamoyl protecting group is removed from the resulting peptide-resin using a reagent such as trifluoroacetic acid or piperidine, and the coupling reaction is repeated with the next desired oxime-protected amino acid added to the peptide chain. The oxime-protecting group is a oxime-protecting group commonly used in the art, preferably t-butoxycarbonyl (tBoc) and fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl (Fmoc). detailed description
以下将结合实施例具体说明本发明,本发明的实施例仅用于说明本发明的技术 方案, 并非限定本发明的实质。 实施例 1 艾塞那肽制剂的制备  The invention is specifically described by the following examples, which are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Example 1 Preparation of Exenatide Formulation
艾塞那肽 250mg  Exenatide 250mg
氨丁三醇 5. 0g  Tromethamine 5. 0g
甘露醇 10. 0g  Mannitol 10. 0g
间甲酚 2. 2g  M-cresol 2. 2g
甲硫氨酸 10. Og  Methionine 10. Og
EDTA-Na  EDTA-Na
注射用水加至 1000ral。 对比实施例 1 艾塞那肽制剂的制备 艾塞那肽 250mg 醋酸钠 6. Og 甘露醇 10. Og 醋酸 适量 间甲酚 2. 2g 注射用水加至 1000ml。 实施例 2 艾塞那肽制剂的制备 The water for injection is added to 1000 ral. Comparative Example 1 Preparation of Exenatide Formulation Exemin 250 mg sodium acetate 6. Og mannitol 10. Og acetic acid q% m-cresol 2. 2 g water for injection is added to 1000 ml. Example 2 Preparation of Exenatide Formulation
艾塞那肽 250mg 氨丁三醇 5g 甘露醇 lO.Og 间甲酚 2.28g 甲硫氨酸 10g 醋酸 适量 注射用水 适量 实施例 3 艾塞那肽制剂的制备  Exenatide 250mg tromethamine 5g mannitol lO.Og m-cresol 2.28g methionine 10g acetic acid appropriate amount water for injection appropriate amount Example 3 preparation of exenatide preparation
艾塞那肽 250mg 氨丁三醇 5g 甘露醇 10.0g 间甲酚 2.2g Vc 12gExenatide 250mg tromethamine 5g mannitol 10.0g m-cresol 2.2g V c 12g
. 注射用水 实施例 4 艾塞那肽制剂的制备 Water for injection Example 4 Preparation of Exenatide preparation
艾塞那肽 250rag 氨丁三醇 5. 0g 甘露醇 10. 0g 间甲酚 2. 2g 甲硫氨酸 20. Og 注射用水 实施例 5 艾塞那肽制剂的制备  Exenatide 250rag tromethamine 5. 0g mannitol 10. 0g m-cresol 2. 2g methionine 20. Og water for injection Example 5 Preparation of exenatide preparation
艾塞那肽 250mg .氨丁三醇 5. 0g 甘露醇 10. 0g 2. 2g 克内醇。 The exenatide 250mg. tromethamine 5. 0g mannitol 10. 0g 2. 2g
10. Og  10. Og
0. 05g  0. 05g
适量 实施例 6 制剂稳定性考察实验  Appropriate amount Example 6 Preparation stability test
将实施例 1与对比实施例 1制得的艾塞那肽制剂置于卡式玻璃瓶或管式玻璃 瓶中, 用丁基胶塞封口, 分别于 25 Ό和 2〜8 °C条件下放置, 进行稳定性的考察, 采用高效液相色谱法测定样品中艾塞那肽含量在考察过程中的变化。  The Exenatide preparation prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 was placed in a glass bottle or a vial glass bottle, and sealed with a butyl rubber stopper, and placed at 25 Torr and 2 to 8 ° C, respectively. For stability investigation, high performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the change of exenatide content in the sample during the investigation.
采用高效液相色谱法测定制剂中艾塞那肽的含量, 以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶 为色谱柱填充剂(( 18 15(«4. 6瞧 30(^), 以水 (含 0. 05%的三氟乙酸) 为流动相 A; 以乙腈 (含 0. 05%的三氟乙酸)流动相 B, 流动相的组成参见表 1 ; 梯度洗脱; 流 速为 1.0ml/min, 检测波长为 220nm, 理论板数以艾塞那肽计应不低于 2000。 表 1 流动相的组成 The content of exenatide in the preparation was determined by high performance liquid chromatography with octadecylsilane bonded silica as the column packing agent (( 18 15 («4. 6瞧30(^), with water (including 0) 05% trifluoroacetic acid) is mobile phase A; mobile phase B with acetonitrile (containing 0.05% trifluoroacetic acid), the composition of mobile phase is shown in Table 1; gradient elution; flow rate is 1.0ml/min, detection The wavelength is 220 nm, and the number of theoretical plates should be no less than 2000 by exenatide. Table 1 Composition of mobile phase
时 间 (min) 流动相 A 流动相 B  Time (min) mobile phase A mobile phase B
0 78 22  0 78 22
30 35 65  30 35 65
取制剂适量, 精密称定, 用 0. 05%三氟乙酸水溶液溶解并稀释成浓度为 0.25mg/ml (以艾塞那肽计) 的溶液, 摇匀, 作为供试品溶液; 精密量取 20μ1, 注 入液相色谱仪, 记录色谱图, 结果参见表 2。 艾塞那肽制剂的稳定性考察实验结果  Take appropriate amount of the preparation, accurately weighed, dissolved in 0. 05% aqueous solution of trifluoroacetic acid and diluted to a concentration of 0.25mg / ml (based on exenatide), shake well, as a test solution; precision measurement 20 μl, injected into the liquid chromatograph, and the chromatogram was recorded. The results are shown in Table 2. Experimental results of stability of Exenatide preparation
Figure imgf000008_0001
Figure imgf000009_0001
Figure imgf000008_0001
Figure imgf000009_0001
说明: 表 2中的 D表示 "day"; M表示 "month"。  Explanation: D in Table 2 means "day"; M means "month".
分析表 2得知, 本发明艾塞那肽制剂的长期稳定性明显提高。  Analysis Table 2 shows that the long-term stability of the exenatide preparation of the present invention is remarkably improved.

Claims

权利要求书: Claims:
1、 一种稳定的艾塞那肽制剂, 所述制剂包括艾塞那肽、 防腐剂、 抗氧剂、 络 合剂、 渗透压调节剂、 缓冲剂和 pH调节剂。 A stable exenatide preparation comprising exenatide, a preservative, an antioxidant, a complexing agent, an osmotic pressure adjusting agent, a buffering agent and a pH adjusting agent.
2、 根据权利要求 1 所述的制剂, 所述制剂中艾塞那肽的含量为 0.005-0.4% (w/v), 优选为 0.010-0.10%(w/v), 更优选为 0.015-0.05 %(w/v), 最优选为 0.025 % 2. The preparation according to claim 1, wherein the preparation has an exenatide content of 0.005 to 0.4% (w/v), preferably 0.010 to 0.10% (w/v), more preferably 0.015 to 0.05. %(w/v), most preferably 0.025 %
3、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的制剂, 所述的防腐剂为本领域常用的防腐剂, 优选为间甲酚、 苄醇、 对羟基苯甲酸甲酯、 对羟基苯甲酸乙酯、 对羟基苯甲酸丙 酯、 对羟基苯甲酸丁酯、 对羟基苯甲酸苯酯、 苯酚、 甲酚、 三氯叔丁醇、 对氯间 甲酚的任一种或其组合, 更优选为间甲酚或对氯间甲酚的任一种或其组合, 所述 防腐剂的用量为 0.1% (w/v) -2% (w/v), 优选 0.2% (w/v) -0.5% (w/v)。 3. The preparation according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the preservative is a preservative commonly used in the art, preferably m-cresol, benzyl alcohol, methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate, Any one or a combination of propyl hydroxybenzoate, butyl p-hydroxybenzoate, phenyl p-hydroxybenzoate, phenol, cresol, chlorobutanol, p-chlorom-cresol, more preferably m-cresol Or any one or a combination of p-chlorom-cresols, the preservative being used in an amount of 0.1% (w/v) to 2% (w/v), preferably 0.2% (w/v) to 0.5% (w) /v).
4、 根据权利要求 1-3任一项所述的制剂, 所述的抗氧剂为本领域常用的抗氧 剂, 优选为甲硫氨酸、 Vc、 半胱氨酸、 亚硫酸钠、 亚硫酸氢钠、 焦亚硫酸钠、 二 丁基苯酸、 VE、 2, 6-二叔丁基- 4-甲基苯酚、 谷维素、 黄酮类、 枸橼酸的任一种 或其组合, 更优选为甲硫氨酸、 Vc、 半胱氨酸的任一种或其组合, 所述抗氧剂的 用量为 0.2% (w/v) -5% (w/v), 优选为 0.5% (w/v) -2% (w/v)。 4. The formulation of claim any one of claims 1-3, according to conventional art antioxidant antioxidant, preferably methionine, V c, cysteine, sodium sulfite, sulfite Any one or a combination of sodium hydrogen, sodium metabisulfite, dibutyl benzoic acid, V E , 2, 6-di-tert-butyl 4-methylphenol, oryzanol, flavonoids, decanoic acid, more preferably A methionine, V c, any one or a combination of cysteine, said antioxidant in an amount of 0.2% (w / v) -5 % (w / v), preferably 0.5% (w / v) -2% (w/v).
5、 根据权利要求 1-4任一项所述的制剂, 所述的络合剂为本领域常用的络合 剂, 优选为乙二胺四乙酸二钠、 乙二胺四乙酸钙钠或 1, 2-二氨基环己烷四乙酸的 任一种或其组合, 所述络合剂的用量为 0.01% (w/v) -0.1% (w/v), 优选为 0.05% (w/v) -0.075% (w/v). The preparation according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the complexing agent is a complexing agent commonly used in the art, preferably disodium edetate, sodium calcium edetate or 1 Any one or a combination of 2-diaminocyclohexanetetraacetic acid, the complexing agent being used in an amount of 0.01% (w/v) to 0.1% (w/v), preferably 0.05% (w/v) ) -0.075% (w/v).
6、 根据权利要求 1-5任一项所述的制剂, 所述的渗透压调节剂选自碳水化合 物、 多元醇或盐, 优选为半乳糖、 阿拉伯糖、 乳糖、 山梨醇、 甘露醇、 肌醇、 甘 油、木糖醇、聚丙二醇 /乙二醇共聚物、 PEG200、 PEG 400 PEG 1450、 PEG 3350、 PEG 4000、 PEG 6000、 PEG 8000、 氯化钠、 葡萄糖的任一种或其组合, 更优选为 山梨醇、 木糖醇、 或甘露醇的任一种或其组合。 6. The preparation according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the osmotic pressure adjusting agent is selected from the group consisting of carbohydrates, polyols or salts, preferably galactose, arabinose, lactose, sorbitol, mannitol, muscle Alcohol, glycerin, xylitol, polypropylene glycol/ethylene glycol copolymer, PEG200, PEG 400 PEG 1450, PEG 3350, PEG 4000, PEG 6000, PEG 8000, sodium chloride, glucose, or a combination thereof, It is preferably any one or a combination of sorbitol, xylitol, or mannitol.
7、 根据权利要求 1-6任一项所述的制剂, 所述的缓冲剂为本领域常用的缓冲 剂, 优选为醋酸盐缓冲剂、 磷酸盐缓冲剂、 柠檬酸盐缓冲剂或谷氨酸盐缓冲剂的 任一种或其组合。 7. The preparation according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the buffering agent is a buffer commonly used in the art, preferably an acetate buffer, a phosphate buffer, a citrate buffer or a glutamine. Any one or combination of acid salt buffers.
8、 根据权利要求 1-7任一项所述的制剂, 所述的 pH调节剂为本领域常用的 pH调节剂, 优选为氨丁三醇、 盐酸、 枸橼酸、 氢氧化钾、 氢氧化钠、 枸橼酸钠、 三乙醇胺的任一种或其组合, 更优选为氨丁三醇或三乙醇胺的任一种或其组合。 8. The preparation according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the pH adjusting agent is a pH adjusting agent commonly used in the art, preferably tromethamine, hydrochloric acid, citric acid, potassium hydroxide, hydrogen hydroxide. Any one or a combination of sodium, sodium citrate, and triethanolamine is more preferably any one of tromethamine or triethanolamine or a combination thereof.
9、 根据权利要求 1-8任一项所述的制剂, 还包括溶媒, 所述溶媒为本领域常 用的溶媒, 优选为注射用水。 A formulation according to any one of claims 1-8, further comprising a solvent which is a solvent commonly used in the art, preferably water for injection.
10、 根据权利要求 1-9任一项所述的制剂, 所述制剂的 pH为 3.0-7.0, 优选为 4.0-6.0, 更优选为 4.0-5.0。 10. A formulation according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the formulation has a pH of from 3.0 to 7.0, preferably from 4.0 to 6.0, more preferably from 4.0 to 5.0.
11、 根据权利要求 1-10任一项所述的制剂, 所述制剂选自液体制剂、 冻干制 剂或其改进制剂, 优选液体制剂为胃肠外液体制剂, 更优选为皮下注射剂、 静脉 内注射剂或静脉内输注剂。 The preparation according to any one of claims 1 to 10, which is selected from the group consisting of a liquid preparation, a lyophilized preparation or a modified preparation thereof, preferably the liquid preparation is a parenteral liquid preparation, more preferably a subcutaneous injection, intravenous Injection or intravenous infusion.
12、 根据权利要求 1-11任一项所述的制剂, 所述制剂选自经鼻给药制剂、 经 肺给药制剂、 口服给药制剂、 气管内给药制剂、 舌下给药制剂或经颊给药制剂。 The preparation according to any one of claims 1 to 11, which is selected from the group consisting of a nasal preparation, a pulmonary preparation, an oral preparation, an intratracheal preparation, a sublingual preparation or Formulated by buccal administration.
13、 根据权利要求 1-12任一项所述的制剂, 所述的冻干制剂选自冻干单位制 剂或冻干多用制剂。 13. The preparation according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the lyophilized preparation is selected from the group consisting of a lyophilized unit preparation or a lyophilized multi-purpose preparation.
14、 根据权利要求 1-13任一项所述的制剂, 所述的制剂包括 0.025% (w/v) 的艾塞那肽、 0.5 % (w/v)氨丁三醇、 1.0% (w/v) 的甘露醇、 0.22% (w/v) 的间 甲酚、 1.0% (w/v) 的甲硫氨酸和 0.01 % (w/v) 的 EDTA-Na, 余量为注射用水。 14. A formulation according to any one of claims 1 to 13 which comprises 0.025% (w/v) exenatide, 0.5% (w/v) tromethamine, 1.0% (w) /v) mannitol, 0.22% (w/v) m-cresol, 1.0% (w/v) methionine, and 0.01% (w/v) EDTA-Na, with the balance being water for injection.
15、权利要求 1-14任一项所述的艾塞那肽制剂用于制备防治糠尿病、肥胖症、 得益于减慢胃排空、 降低血浆葡萄糖水平或减少摄取食物的病症的药物中的应用。 15. The Exenatide formulation of any of claims 1-14 for use in the manufacture of a medicament for the prevention or treatment of diabetes, obesity, a condition which benefits from slowing gastric emptying, lowering plasma glucose levels or reducing food intake. Application in .
16、根据权利要求 15所述的应用,所述糖尿病选自 I型糖尿病或 II型糖尿病。 16. The use according to claim 15, wherein the diabetes is selected from the group consisting of type I diabetes or type II diabetes.
17、 一种测定艾塞那肽制剂含量的方法, 其特征在于, 釆用高效液相色谱法 测定制剂中艾塞那肽的含量, 以十八烷基硅垸键合硅胶为色谱柱填充剂, 由流动相 进行梯度洗脱, 流速为 1.0ml/min, 检测波长为 220nm, 以艾塞那肽计, 理论板数 不低于 2000, 所述流动相由流动相 A和流动相 B组成, 所述流动相 A为含 0. 05% 三氟乙酸的水, 所述流动相 B为含 0. 05%三氟乙酸的乙腈。 17. A method for determining the content of an exenatide preparation, characterized in that the content of exenatide in the preparation is determined by high performance liquid chromatography, and octadecylsilicone bonded silica is used as a column packing agent. , the gradient elution by the mobile phase, the flow rate is 1.0 ml/min, the detection wavelength is 220 nm, and the theoretical plate number is not less than 2000 based on exenatide, and the mobile phase consists of mobile phase A and mobile phase B, The mobile phase A is water containing 0. 05% trifluoroacetic acid, and the mobile phase B is acetonitrile containing 0.05% trifluoroacetic acid.
18、 根据权利要求 17所述的方法, 所述的测定方法还包括, 取制剂适量, 精 密称定, 用 0. 05%三氟乙酸水溶液溶解并稀释成浓度为 0.25mg/ml的溶液, 摇匀, 作为供试品溶液; 精密量取 20μ1供试品溶液, 注入液相色谱仪, 记录色谱图。 The method according to claim 17, wherein the measuring method further comprises: taking an appropriate amount of the preparation, accurately weighing, dissolving and diluting into a solution having a concentration of 0.25 mg/ml with a 0. 05% aqueous solution of trifluoroacetic acid, shaking uniform, As a test solution; accurately measure 20 μl of the test solution, inject it into the liquid chromatograph, and record the chromatogram.
19、 根据权利要求 17或 18所述的方法, 检测开始时的流动相组成为 A: Β为 78: 22, 检测 30min时的流动相组成为 A: B为 35: 65。 19. The method according to claim 17 or 18, wherein the mobile phase composition at the beginning of the detection is A: Β is 78: 22, and the mobile phase composition at 30 min is A: B is 35: 65.
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