WO2008056015A1 - Skeletal anchorage system for use in orthodontic therapies - Google Patents

Skeletal anchorage system for use in orthodontic therapies Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008056015A1
WO2008056015A1 PCT/ES2007/000636 ES2007000636W WO2008056015A1 WO 2008056015 A1 WO2008056015 A1 WO 2008056015A1 ES 2007000636 W ES2007000636 W ES 2007000636W WO 2008056015 A1 WO2008056015 A1 WO 2008056015A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
microimplant
bone
screw
head
microimplants
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2007/000636
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Pablo Alberto Echarri Lobiondo
Original Assignee
DURÁN VAN ARX, José
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from ES200602839A external-priority patent/ES2299387B1/en
Priority claimed from ES200602838A external-priority patent/ES2299386B1/en
Priority claimed from ES200603006A external-priority patent/ES2300213B1/en
Priority claimed from ES200602746U external-priority patent/ES1064467Y/en
Application filed by DURÁN VAN ARX, José filed Critical DURÁN VAN ARX, José
Publication of WO2008056015A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008056015A1/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C7/00—Orthodontics, i.e. obtaining or maintaining the desired position of teeth, e.g. by straightening, evening, regulating, separating, or by correcting malocclusions
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0093—Features of implants not otherwise provided for
    • A61C8/0096—Implants for use in orthodontic treatment

Definitions

  • the invention relates, as expressed in the statement of the present specification, to a skeletal anchoring system applicable in orthodontic therapies.
  • the object of the invention consists of a skeletal anchoring system, applicable in orthodontic therapies, of the type of therapy in which a series of microimplants are fixed to the bone that serve as a support point and to which, directly tension elements (elastic, springs, etc.) are fastened that will cause the therapeutic movement of the pieces of interest, or which, according to the needs, are joined by steel plates to which said tension elements are fixed, said system comprising
  • directly tension elements elastic, springs, etc.
  • An adaptable microimplant (described in the patent n ° 200602838, relating to an ADAPTABLE MICROIMPLANT, APPLICABLE TO SCHEMETIC ANCHORAGE SYSTEMS), which is equipped with a novel variable thread system that significantly reduces its effectiveness, also avoiding possible failures in the technique of implantation of the same, since its special configuration and design is especially destined to favor its grip on the bone and facilitate that said implantation is always the optimum, which also incorporates an interchangeable head system, allowing the variation of said head during the treatment, depending on the needs of each stage of the same, without the need for intervention, and finally that advantageously incorporates preformed head protectors, easy to place and remove, that facilitate the operator's work in each
  • a steel plate for adjusting tensioning elements suitable for adapting to two or more microimplants (described in patent no.
  • a fixing device (described in the patent No. 200603006 relating to a FIXING DEVICE FOR THE PLACEMENT OF MICROIMPLANTS), specially designed to facilitate and ensure the correct placement of microimplants, allowing thanks to its technical and structural configuration, that said implantation is always the optimum, both in the achievement of the most suitable position of the implant, and in the time invested in it.
  • a screwdriver tool (described in utility model n ° 200602746 relative to a SCREWDRIVER APPLICABLE IN ORAL SURGERY), whose special configuration and design facilitate the operation of screwing and unscrewing of the heads of the microimplants, since their small size and location of difficult access, make said operation of screwing and unscrewing, for its corresponding collation and extraction, is a remarkably difficult task.
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) industry dedicated to the manufacture of instruments and appliances for dentistry, orthodontics and especially dental implantology.
  • orthodontic therapies of the type that concerns here are known, in which microimplants that serve as a support point to which the elements are directly attached are attached to the bone tensioners that will cause the therapeutic movement of the pieces of interest, or that, according to needs, are joined by steel plates to which said tensioning elements are fixed.
  • microimplants consist of a screw of very small dimensions that is embedded in the bone of the oral cavity, in the convenient position, at whose head a suitable cable or tensioner is fixed, intended to force a certain variation of the position of
  • the piece or dental pieces to be treated The piece or dental pieces to be treated.
  • microimplants known to date consist, generally, of a screw whose thread is constant and its diameter equally constant, or that increases gradually and uniformly in size, being provided with a fixed head that has a concrete and determined shape (button, eyelet , with hook, etc.) as appropriate.
  • Screw thread does not take into account the variation of hardness and cellular composition of the different layers of the bone, so that when penetrating it, while drilling it, it breaks perimeter, not being fixed exactly due to said variation in the layers of the bone, which may cause its subsequent mobility and therefore lack of effectiveness or loss thereof.
  • the implant heads have (they are metallic and protuberant), they logically cause discomfort and chafing that can cause painful sores to the patient, being, to avoid them, applied on said heads protective layers of different materials intended for this purpose, which, when solidifying cover and protect them, thus avoiding friction, but which have the disadvantage that before any adjustment of the tensioner, they must be eliminated, a relatively laborious task, and placed again once finished the adjustment, with the consequent investment of time and material that this implies.
  • said microimplant may consist of a single piece that is screwed directly to the bone, or it may consist, as in the present invention, of an element formed by a lower part or micro screw, which is embedded in the bone, and an interchangeable head that is screwed to the described lower part or micro screw.
  • the system that the invention advocates which as mentioned above is applicable in orthodontic therapies, in which a series of microimplants that serve as a support point for fastening tensioning elements (elastic, are fixed to the bone) springs, etc.) that will cause the therapeutic movement of the pieces of interest, or which, according to the needs, are joined by means of steel plates to which said tensioning elements are fixed, essentially comprises the use of four elements: an adaptable microimplant , to which the tensioning elements can be fixed directly and which is constituted by a micro screw that is inserted into the bone, an interchangeable head threaded to it and a protector that covers said head, a plate adaptable to several implants for the fixation of some of said tensioning elements, a fixing device that facilitates the correct placement of the microimplant micro screw and finally a a screwdriver tool that facilitates the threading and unscrewing of the microimplant head for revision and replacement operations.
  • an adaptable microimplant to which the tensioning elements can be fixed directly and which is constituted by a micro screw that is
  • the microimplant is constituted, as mentioned from three pieces that can be coupled together: a micro screw, which is the part of the microimplant that is screwed to the bone, an interchangeable head or head, which can have different shapes (with
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) button with button and buttonhole, with hook or with bracket) depending on the needs of each case and that is attached to the micro screw by means of thread or other type of connection, being the part of the microimplant that is external, and finally a head protector preformed, preferably made of silicone, plastic or other similar material, which adapts to said head and protects soft tissues against rubbing.
  • the micro-screw in turn, has a threaded lower zone, which is the one that will be inserted into the bone, which is also divided into three distinct zones, a distal or tip, with a conical configuration whose helical edges have a wide thread pitch, with greater inclination and spacing between them, specially adapted to ensure optimum penetration into the bone; an intermediate area, of greater diameter and whose helical edges have an intermediate thread pitch, with less inclination and closer together, also presenting a rounded profile, since this part of the micro-screw is intended to fit the spongy area inside the bone and this damages the least possible; and a last proximal area, of greater diameter than the previous ones and whose helical edges also have a greater thread pitch, that is, with less inclination and more turns, obtaining the greatest retention in the cortical part (the hardest and external) of the bone to which this part will fit.
  • each thread part makes a new thread in the bone, adjusting perimeter perfectly, which produces an increase in retention and a minimum deterioration of bone tissue, being, the dimensions and lengths of each of said parts, in each case, the most appropriate to each type of treatment or morphology of the patient.
  • the upper area of the micro screw which is the one that will be external to the bone but inserted into the soft tissue, has a smooth outer surface in order to better adapt to the soft tissues in which it will be housed, providing a stepping in its lower part, just in the encounter with the threaded area, which prevents the operator from being able to introduce the micro screw beyond the bone.
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) internally, said upper area has a housing, with a thread or alternative adaptation system, to receive the different types of head, so that its exchange during the treatment does not require the removal of the micro screw.
  • the heads which, as indicated in previous paragraphs, have the mission of directly holding the tensioning elements (spring springs, etc.) or the steel plate mentioned above, so that they can have different shapes, depending on the needs of each case, being able to be a button, button with a buttonhole, a hook, or a bracket, this head shape being characterized by two perpendicular grooves, which allows the placement of the tensioning elements in one direction or another without the need to vary The position of the head or even the placement of two tensioners that work simultaneously on the same microimplant from a different angle, which makes it possible to optimize the system by reducing the number of placement thereof.
  • the head is covered with a protective silicone, plastic or other suitable material, for the protection of soft tissues, already preformed and whose interior configuration is specially designed to adapt to each type of head, also having a groove laterally allow the passage of different tensioning elements, elastic, springs, etc.
  • the aforementioned plate is a steel plate that can be adapted to two, three or even four microimplants, depending on their elongated, triangular, or square shape, and has, for its fixation and adaptation to the position of said microimplants, of colossal side holes that will advantageously allow the position variation thereof.
  • the placement of the plate is carried out by placing the microimplant tips attached to the bone in the position that best suits, advantageously having a greater range of possibilities for its location, since the plate does not force it to occur at a point
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) specifically, being able to save roots or other inconveniences.
  • the plate In the central part of the plate, it can have, as appropriate, button and eyelet, withholdings for welding tubes, brackets, spring boxes, etc. or other attachments or tensioning elements.
  • the plate incorporates a transfer system that advantageously increases significantly the force to be performed on the pieces to be moved as well as the design of models of devices outside the mouth and their subsequent placement, providing for this of angular elevations, as a guide, in its central area, suitable for receiving an additional piece, which has a fitting area of suitable dimensions for it, and a retention area.
  • the lace is placed in position and an impression is taken that drags the lace by its retention.
  • another plate is placed and the model will have a plate in the same position as in the mouth. That way you can weld, adapt, etc. different types of devices that are then placed in the mouth with the socket, which will be fixed to the plate in the mouth by means of ligatures, cements, etc.
  • the invention has a fixation device that allows to fix exactly the position and angle at which the microtomillo penetrates the bone, totally avoiding any deviation from said angle during its penetration, as well as its mobility during the application of the force necessary for drilling
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) of bone tissue, which results in a perfect implantation of the microimplant, both in location, inclination and adjustment, ensuring its fixation and therefore the effectiveness of the treatment.
  • This device is constituted from an articulated structure composed of a double articulated cylinder, provided with a locking lever, whose respective parts emanate perpendicularly from tubular segments, which in turn cover respective articulated ball joints, incorporating at the distal ends of said segments, one a plate, which can be held with the hand against the teeth or with the teeth themselves in occlusion, being able to also add godiva, rigid wax, acrylic, or other material, to adapt and fix it better to the teeth, and in the other, a cylindrical element or tube capable of receiving and directing the screwdriver intended to ensure the penetration of the microimplant into the bone, precisely pointing it to the site selected for placement and with the appropriate direction and inclination.
  • the plate provided at the end of one of the segments of the device, is fixed to one or more of the teeth closest to the location in which the microimplant is to be placed, then moving the articulated structure so that the tube provided at the end of the other segment is located perpendicular to the bone structure and placed at the exact point and inclination desired, then proceeding to fix the articulated structure of the device by means of the locking lever, after which it will no longer move and the microimplant placement is easy and safe, being placed under said microimplant tube and the introduction of the screwdriver to proceed with the threading thereof.
  • the invention comprises the use of a screwdriver tool whose special design and configuration allow the operation of screwing and unscrewing of the heads of the microimplants is much faster and safer, and also avoiding discomfort to the patient as well as the risk that eventually the head may fall and the patient may swallow it.
  • Said tool preferably metallic, although it can be made of any other material that is adequately resistant and capable of being properly disinfected by conventional methods, given the utility to which it is intended, is essentially configured from the mutual coupling of two independent parts that run a inside the other as a piston: an external one, intended to hold the micro screw that is embedded in the bone tissue; and an internal one, properly destined to screw and unscrew the microimplant head to said micro screw, being secured by the external part safely and directing it correctly to the corresponding thread that it presents in its upper part.
  • the mentioned internal part is constituted by an approximately cylindrical body, provided with an upper part or handle, intended to be held by the operator, and which can have a wider and more ergonomic configuration, and a tubular lower part, whose distal end derives from in solidarity a narrow and rectilinear rod suitable to fit and receive the upper part of the head to be placed.
  • the external part of the screwdriver consists of a body that runs axially through the described internal part, being formed by an upper ring or ring and a circle or lower cover, both of dimensions slightly higher than those of the aforementioned cylindrical body, which are jointly joined by respective lateral, rectilinear and parallel rods, there being in the central part of the lower cover a tubular body integral to the same one that arises
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET perpendicularly to it, and whose dimensions are suitable to fit in the micro screw, and at the same time receive inside said rectilinear rod that, running inside it, will be attached to the microimplant head.
  • the end of the tubular body of the outer part fixes the micro screw or lower part of the microimplant by correctly directing the head to The thread of this.
  • the new skeletal anchoring system applicable in orthodontic therapies represents, therefore, an innovative invention of structural and constitutive characteristics unknown until now for this purpose, reasons that, together with its practical utility, provide sufficient grounds for obtaining the privilege of exclusivity. that is requested.
  • Figure number 1 Shows a side elevation view, partially sectioned, of an example of embodiment of the adaptable microimplant, comprising the skeletal anchoring system according to the invention, in which all the elements comprising, configuration and their disposition, as well as their positioning in the different layers of bone and soft tissue.
  • Figures number 2-A and 2-B. - show respective views in side elevation and in plan of the micro screw, or part of the microimplant that is introduced into the bone.
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) Figures 3, 4 and 5.- They show respective views in side elevation of the different types of known head attachable to the micro screw.
  • FIGS 6-A and 6-B.- show paths in side elevation and in plan, respectively, of the new bracket type head.
  • Figures 7-A, 7-B and 7-C- respectively show a sectional view, according to a longitudinal section, a side elevational view and a plan view of the head protector incorporating the microimplant, which shows Your configuration
  • FIGs 8 to 10. They show paths in side elevation, partially sectioned, which shows the adaptation of the protector to each type of microimplant head.
  • Figures 11 and 12. show respective views in plan and elevation in longitudinal section of an example of embodiment of the plate applicable to the skeletal anchoring system, according to the invention, in which the parts comprising as well as its configuration are appreciated and disposition.
  • Figure number 13. Shows an elevation view, properly sectioned, of the plate once fixed to the microimplant.
  • Figures number 14 and 15. Correspond to paths in plan and elevation in longitudinal section, respectively, of a variant embodiment of the plate with transfer system.
  • Figures 16 and 17. They show respectively a plan view and elevation in longitudinal section of the additional piece of socket of the plate with transfer system represented in Figures 14 and 15.
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) plan and elevation in longitudinal section of the plate represented in figures 14 and 15 with the socket coupled thereto.
  • Figure number 20.- Shows a side elevation view of an example of embodiment of the fixing device for the placement of the microimplants according to the invention, in which the main parts and elements that it comprises, as well as its configuration and provision.
  • Figure number 21.- Shows a plan view of the device represented in figure 20.
  • Figure number 22.- Shows a detailed view of the device in use position for the fixation in the mouth.
  • Figure number 23 Shows a side elevational view of an embodiment of the screwdriver tool, which comprises the system of the invention, in which the main parts and elements of which it consists as well as its configuration and arrangement are appreciated.
  • Figure number 24.- Shows a bottom plan view of the screwdriver example shown in Figure 23.
  • the microimplant (1) of the anchoring system essentially comprises three pieces that can be coupled together: a micro screw (2), part of the microimplant that is screwed to the bone, interchangeable heads (3), which may present different forms, depending on the needs of each case
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) and that it is coupled to the micro screw (2) by means of a thread or other type of connection, the part of the microimplant remaining external, and a preformed protector (4), preferably made of silicone, plastic or other similar material, which adapts to the head (3) and protects soft tissues against rubbing.
  • the micro screw (2) characteristically presents a threaded lower zone (2a), which is the one that will be inserted into the bone, which in turn is divided in three zones of different configuration, a distal or tip (5), of conical configuration whose helical edges have a wide thread pitch, with greater inclination and spacing between them, specially adapted to ensure optimum bone penetration; an intermediate zone (6), of greater diameter and whose helical edges have an intermediate thread pitch, with less inclination and closer together, also presenting a rounded profile, since this part of the micro-screw is intended to fit the spongy area of the interior of the bone (i) and with it the least possible damage; and a last proximal area (7), of greater diameter than the previous ones and whose helical edges also have a greater thread pitch, that is, with less inclination and more turns, obtaining the greatest retention in the cortical part (Ia harder and external) of the bone (n) to which this part
  • the upper zone (2b) of the micro screw which is the one that will be external to the bone but inserted into the soft tissue (ni), has a smooth outer surface in order to better adapt to said soft tissues in which it will remain housed, providing a stepping (8) in its lower part, just in the encounter with the lower threaded area (2a), which advantageously prevents the operator from being able to introduce the microtomillo (2) beyond the bone, thus avoiding any damage during implantation of the same.
  • said upper area has a housing (9), adequately provided in dimensions and configuration, with an alternative thread or adaptation system, to receive the different
  • Said heads (3) which have the mission of holding the tensioning elements (elastic springs, etc.), can have different shapes, depending on the needs of each case, being able to be a button (figure 3), a button with a buttonhole (figure 4), hook (figure 5), or bracket (figure 6-A, 6-B), this head shape being characterized by two perpendicular grooves (10), which may have the same or different width, and that allow the placement of the tensioning elements in one direction or another without the need to vary the position of the head or optionally the placement of two tensioners that work simultaneously on the same microimplant (1) from a different angle.
  • the microimplant (1) provides that the head (3) is coated with a protective (4) silicone, plastic or other material suitable for the protection of soft tissues (Figures 7-A, 7-B and 7- C), already preformed and whose interior configuration is specially designed to adapt to each type of head (3), as can be seen in figures 8 to 10, having a groove (11) laterally to allow the passage of the different elements tensioners, elastic, springs, etc.
  • the anchoring system of the invention also includes the use of a steel plate (12) which, taking different forms to adapt to two, three or four microimplants (1), according to be elongated, triangular, or square, it has for fixation and adaptation to the position of said microimplants (1), which as described will be composed of a micro screw (2) and a head (3), of two fixing areas (13) equipped with collision holes (14) and a central area (15) in which it can have different holes or cavities (16), as appropriate, for the placement of button and eyelet, of retentions for welding tubes, brackets, spring boxes, etc. or other attachments, suitable for performing the function to which the plate (12) is intended.
  • a steel plate (12) which, taking different forms to adapt to two, three or four microimplants (1), according to be elongated, triangular, or square, it has for fixation and adaptation to the position of said microimplants (1), which as described will be composed of a micro screw (2) and a head (3), of two fixing areas (13) equipped with collision holes (14) and a central
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) As can be seen in Figure 13, the placement of the plate (12) is carried out by placing the tips of the micro screws (2) of the microimplants (1) fixed to the bone in the position that is convenient, placing on them the plate ( 12), on the external part of the mucosa, and so that the colossal holes' (14) of this are placed on the microimplants (1), finally the fixing heads or screws (3) are placed in the microimplants (1 ).
  • Figures 14 to 19 show a variant embodiment of the invention, in which the plate (12) incorporates a transfer system, arranging for it in the central area (15) thereof of angular elevations (17), which as a guide they are suitable for receiving an additional piece of lace (18), which has a coupling area (19) provided with a protuberance (20) of suitable dimensions to fit tightly between the mentioned angular elevations
  • the fixing device for the correct placement of the microimplant (1) is essentially constituted from an articulated structure (23), which comprises a double articulated cylinder (24 ), whose respective parts (24a) and (24b), rotate axially independently of each other, being locked by means of the actuation of a locking lever (25), and from which perpendicularly the two tubular segments (26) and (27), which in turn cover respective articulated ball joints (28) and (29), incorporating a plate (30) at one of them (26), suitable to be held manually against the teeth or with the teeth themselves in occlusion, being able to also add godiva, rigid wax, acrylic, or other material, to adapt it and fix it to the teeth, and in the other (27) a cylindrical element or tube (31) suitable to receive in inside the destorni caller (not represented by being conventional) and directing the penetration of the microtomillo (2) or threaded tip of the microimplant (1) in the bone.
  • the plate (30), provided at the end of the segment (26) of the device is fixed to one of the teeth closest to the location in which the microimplant (1), then moving the articulated structure (23), by turning the respective parts (24a) and (24b) of the articulated cylinder (24) and the joints (28) and (29), so that the tube (31) provided at the end of the other segment (27) is located perpendicular to the bone structure and placed at the exact point and inclination desired, then proceeding to fix the articulated cylinder (24) by means of Ia locking lever (25), after which it will no longer move by moving the micro-screw (2) under said tube (31) and inserting the screwdriver inside to proceed with threading it.
  • the invention comprises a screwdriver tool (32), preferably metallic, or alternative material suitable for being properly disinfected, configured from the mutual coupling of two independent parts that run one within the Ia another as a piston: an external part (33), intended to hold the micro screw (2), which as described is the part of the microimplant (1) that is embedded in the bone tissue; and an internal part (34), properly intended to screw and unscrew the head (3) of the microimplant (1) to said micro screw (2).
  • a screwdriver tool preferably metallic, or alternative material suitable for being properly disinfected, configured from the mutual coupling of two independent parts that run one within the Ia another as a piston: an external part (33), intended to hold the micro screw (2), which as described is the part of the microimplant (1) that is embedded in the bone tissue; and an internal part (34), properly intended to screw and unscrew the head (3) of the microimplant (1) to said micro screw (2).
  • the internal part (34) is constituted by an approximately cylindrical body (35), provided with an upper part or handle (36), of a wider and more ergonomic configuration intended to be grasped by the operator, and a tubular lower part (37) , from whose distal end solidarity stems a narrow and rectilinear rod (38) suitable to fit and receive the upper part of the head (3) to be placed.
  • the outer part (33) of the screwdriver (32) consists of a body that runs axially through the inner part (34), formed by an upper ring or ring (39) and a circle or lower cover (40), both of dimensions slightly larger than those of the cylindrical (35) and tubular body (37) of the inner part (34), which, ring (39) and lower cover (40) are joined jointly by respective lateral rods (41) , rectilinear and parallel, there being in the central part of the lower cover (40) a narrow tubular body (42) integral with said cover (40) that flows perpendicularly therefrom, and whose dimensions are suitable to fit in the micro screw (2) , and at the same time receiving inside the rectilinear stem (38) of the inner part (34) so that it can run inside.

Abstract

The invention relates to a skeletal anchorage system for use in orthodontic therapies, consisting of: microimplants (1) comprising three parts, namely a microscrew (2) which is screwed into the bone, interchangeable heads (3) for securing the tensioning elements and a preformed protector (4) made form silicon or another similar material; steel plates (12) having different shapes in order to be adapted to two, three or four microimplants (1) and being provided with coupling zones (13) with elongated holes (14) and a central zone (15) with different holes or cavities (16) for positioning the button and button hole and other attachments; hinged coupling devices (23) with means for coupling same to the teeth and means for coupling a screwdriver used to screw in the microscrew (2) and for precisely guiding the tip and inclination of same; and a screwdriver tool (32) comprising two independent parts, one of which moves inside the other in the form of a piston, namely an outer part (33) intended to secure the microscrew (2) and an inner part (34) intended to screw and unscrew the head (3) in relation to the microscrew (2).

Description

SISTEMA DE ANCLAJE ESQUELÉTICO APLICABLE EN TERAPIAS APPLICABLE SKELETIC ANCHORAGE SYSTEM IN THERAPIES
DE ORTODÓNCIAOF ORTHODONTICS
D E S C R I P C I Ó ND E S C R I P C I Ó N
OBJETO DE LA INVENCIÓNOBJECT OF THE INVENTION
La invención se refiere, tal como expresa el enunciado de Ia presente memoria descriptiva, a un sistema de anclaje esquelético aplicable en terapias de ortodoncia.The invention relates, as expressed in the statement of the present specification, to a skeletal anchoring system applicable in orthodontic therapies.
De forma más concreta, el objeto de Ia invención consiste en un sistema de anclaje esquelético, aplicable en terapias de ortodoncia, del tipo de terapia en las que se fijan al hueso una serie de microimplantes que sirven de punto de apoyo y a los que, directamente se sujetan unos elementos tensores (elásticos, resortes, etc.) que provocarán el movimiento terapéutico de las piezas que interese, o que, según las necesidades, se unen mediante unas placas de acero a las que se fijan dichos elementos tensores, comprendiendo dicho sistema Ia utilización de los siguientes elementos, descritos en respectivas patentes de las que Ia presente invención es una refundición:More specifically, the object of the invention consists of a skeletal anchoring system, applicable in orthodontic therapies, of the type of therapy in which a series of microimplants are fixed to the bone that serve as a support point and to which, directly tension elements (elastic, springs, etc.) are fastened that will cause the therapeutic movement of the pieces of interest, or which, according to the needs, are joined by steel plates to which said tension elements are fixed, said system comprising The use of the following elements, described in respective patents of which the present invention is a recast:
- Un microimplante adaptable (descrito en Ia patente n° 200602838, relativa a un MICROIMPLANTE ADAPTABLE, APLICABLE A SISTEMAS DE ANCLAJE ESQUELÉTICO), el cual está dotado de un novedoso sistema de rosca variable que mojara notablemente su efectividad, evitando, además, eventuales fallos en Ia técnica de implantación del mismo, ya que su especial configuración y diseño está especialmente destinado a favorecer su agarre al hueso y facilitar que dicha implantación sea siempre Ia óptima, que incorpora, además, un sistema de cabezal intercambiable, permitiendo Ia variación de dicho cabezal durante el tratamiento, en función de las necesidades de cada etapa del mismo, sin necesidad de intervención, y finalmente que incorpora ventajosamente unos protectores de Ia cabeza preformados, de fácil colocación y extracción, que facilitan el trabajo del operador en cada- An adaptable microimplant (described in the patent n ° 200602838, relating to an ADAPTABLE MICROIMPLANT, APPLICABLE TO SCHEMETIC ANCHORAGE SYSTEMS), which is equipped with a novel variable thread system that significantly reduces its effectiveness, also avoiding possible failures in the technique of implantation of the same, since its special configuration and design is especially destined to favor its grip on the bone and facilitate that said implantation is always the optimum, which also incorporates an interchangeable head system, allowing the variation of said head during the treatment, depending on the needs of each stage of the same, without the need for intervention, and finally that advantageously incorporates preformed head protectors, easy to place and remove, that facilitate the operator's work in each
HOJA DE SUSTITUCIÓN (REGLA 26) acción de ajuste o colocación y evitan al paciente molestos roces con las piezas metálicas del microimplante.SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) adjustment or placement action and avoid annoying patient friction with the microimplant metal parts.
- Una placa de acero para el ajuste de elementos tensores, apta para adaptarse a dos o más microimplantes (descrita en Ia patente n°- A steel plate for adjusting tensioning elements, suitable for adapting to two or more microimplants (described in patent no.
200602839, relativa a una PLACA APLICABLE A SISTEMAS DE ANCLAJE ESQUELÉTICO, ADAPTABLE A DOS O MÁS MICROIMPLANTES), cuya especial configuración permite ventajosamente que permanezca fuera de Ia mucosa, se adapte más fácilmente a las distintas posiciones que forzosamente presenten los microimplantes, e incrementa notablemente Ia fuerza que este ejerce sobre las piezas a mover, reduciendo así Ia duración del tratamiento y, en una de sus formas de realización, es apta para incorporar un innovador sistema de transferencia que permite facilitar Ia labor de adaptación y colocación de distintos tipos de aparatos.200602839, relative to a PLATE APPLICABLE TO SCHEMETIC ANCHORAGE SYSTEMS, ADAPTABLE TO TWO OR MORE MICROIMPLANTS), whose special configuration advantageously allows it to remain outside the mucosa, adapts more easily to the different positions that the microimplants necessarily have, and increases significantly The force that this exerts on the pieces to be moved, thus reducing the duration of the treatment and, in one of its embodiments, is suitable for incorporating an innovative transfer system that facilitates the adaptation and placement of different types of devices. .
- Un dispositivo de fijación (descrito en Ia patente n° 200603006 relativa a un DISPOSITIVO DE FIJACIÓN PARA LA COLOCACIÓN DE MICROIMPLANTES), especialmente diseñado para facilitar y asegurar Ia correcta colocación de los microimplantes, permitiendo gracias a su configuración técnica y estructural, que dicha implantación sea siempre Ia óptima, tanto en Ia consecución de Ia posición más idónea del implante, como en el tiempo invertido en ella.- A fixing device (described in the patent No. 200603006 relating to a FIXING DEVICE FOR THE PLACEMENT OF MICROIMPLANTS), specially designed to facilitate and ensure the correct placement of microimplants, allowing thanks to its technical and structural configuration, that said implantation is always the optimum, both in the achievement of the most suitable position of the implant, and in the time invested in it.
- Y una herramienta destornillador (descrita en el modelo de utilidad n° 200602746 relativo a un DESTORNILLADOR APLICABLE EN CIRUGÍA BUCAL), cuya especial configuración y diseño facilitan Ia operación de atornillado y desatornillado de las cabezas de los microimplantes, ya que sus reducidas dimensiones y ubicación de difícil acceso, hacen que dicha operación de atornillado y desatornillado, para su correspondiente colación y extracción, sea una tarea notablemente dificultosa.- And a screwdriver tool (described in utility model n ° 200602746 relative to a SCREWDRIVER APPLICABLE IN ORAL SURGERY), whose special configuration and design facilitate the operation of screwing and unscrewing of the heads of the microimplants, since their small size and location of difficult access, make said operation of screwing and unscrewing, for its corresponding collation and extraction, is a remarkably difficult task.
CAMPO DE APLICACIÓNSCOPE
El campo de aplicación de Ia presente invención es el de IaThe field of application of the present invention is that of Ia
HOJA DE SUSTITUCIÓN (REGLA 26) industria dedicada a Ia fabricación de instrumentos y aparatos destinados a odontología, ortodoncia y especialmente implantología dental.SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) industry dedicated to the manufacture of instruments and appliances for dentistry, orthodontics and especially dental implantology.
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓNBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
En Ia actualidad y como referencia al estado de Ia técnica, debe mencionarse que son conocidas las terapias de ortodoncia del tipo que aquí concierne, en las que se fijan al hueso microimplantes que sirven de punto de apoyo a los que, directamente se sujetan los elementos tensores que provocarán el movimiento terapéutico de las piezas que interese, o que, según las necesidades, se unen mediante placas de acero a las que se fijan dichos elementos tensores.At present and as a reference to the state of the art, it should be mentioned that orthodontic therapies of the type that concerns here are known, in which microimplants that serve as a support point to which the elements are directly attached are attached to the bone tensioners that will cause the therapeutic movement of the pieces of interest, or that, according to needs, are joined by steel plates to which said tensioning elements are fixed.
Los microimplantes, consisten en un tornillo de muy pequeñas dimensiones que se incrusta en el hueso de Ia cavidad bucal, en Ia posición que convenga, a cuya cabeza se fija un cable o tensor adecuado, destinado a forzar una determinada variación de Ia posición deThe microimplants, consist of a screw of very small dimensions that is embedded in the bone of the oral cavity, in the convenient position, at whose head a suitable cable or tensioner is fixed, intended to force a certain variation of the position of
Ia pieza o piezas dentales a tratar.The piece or dental pieces to be treated.
Cabe señalar, que se tiene conocimiento de que Ia aplicación de esta técnica, con Ia mayoría de los microimplantes conocidos hasta hoy, provoca cerca de un 15% de fracasos (pérdida del microimplante) debido en parte a infecciones, en parte a una mala calidad del hueso del paciente y en parte a una deficiente técnica de implantación o inexperiencia del operador, siendo Ia total eliminación de estas dos últimas causas el principal objetivo de Ia presente invención.It should be noted that it is known that the application of this technique, with the majority of microimplants known to date, causes about 15% of failures (loss of the microimplant) due in part to infections, partly to poor quality of the patient's bone and partly to a poor implantation technique or inexperience of the operator, being the total elimination of these last two causes the main objective of the present invention.
Los microimplantes conocidos hasta hoy consisten, generalmente, en un tornillo cuya rosca es constante y su diámetro igualmente constante, o que aumenta gradual y uniformemente de tamaño, estando dotado de una cabeza fija que presenta una forma concreta y determinada (de botón, con ojal, con gancho, etc.) según convenga.The microimplants known to date consist, generally, of a screw whose thread is constant and its diameter equally constant, or that increases gradually and uniformly in size, being provided with a fixed head that has a concrete and determined shape (button, eyelet , with hook, etc.) as appropriate.
Esta configuración comporta una serie de inconvenientes, el principal de los cuales viene dado por el hecho de que Ia forma de IaThis configuration involves a series of drawbacks, the main one of which is given by the fact that the shape of the
HOJA DE SUSTITUCIÓN (REGLA 26) rosca del tornillo no tiene en cuenta Ia variación de dureza y composición celular de las distintas capas del hueso, de forma que al penetrar en este, a Ia vez que Io va perforando, Io va rompiendo perimetralmente, no quedando exactamente fijado al mismo debido a dicha variación en las capas del hueso, Io que puede provocar su posterior movilidad y por tanto falta de efectividad o pérdida del mismo.SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) Screw thread does not take into account the variation of hardness and cellular composition of the different layers of the bone, so that when penetrating it, while drilling it, it breaks perimeter, not being fixed exactly due to said variation in the layers of the bone, which may cause its subsequent mobility and therefore lack of effectiveness or loss thereof.
Otro de los riesgos que presentan los microimplantes conocidos, son el hecho de que su correcta colocación depende totalmente de Ia pericia del operador, siendo este quien deba decidir el nivel de profundidad que debe alcanzar Ia penetración del mismo en el hueso y en Ia carne o tejidos blandos externos, Io que en muchos casos lleva, por una parte, al deterioro de dichos tejidos blandos, y por otra, a quedarse corto o pasarse de rosca en Ia penetración del tornillo en Ia capa cortical de hueso que es Ia más dura y externa y que es Ia que sujeta por tanto con mayor fuerza el tornillo, con los inconvenientes que ello puede llegar a suponer, tanto para el paciente como para el operador y para Ia efectividad del tratamiento.Another of the risks presented by known microimplants is the fact that their correct placement depends entirely on the skill of the operator, being the one who must decide the level of depth that should reach the penetration of the same in the bone and in the meat or external soft tissues, which in many cases leads, on the one hand, to the deterioration of said soft tissues, and on the other, to fall short or go threaded in the penetration of the screw into the cortical layer of bone that is the hardest and external and that is the one that therefore holds the screw with greater force, with the inconveniences that this may entail, both for the patient and for the operator and for the effectiveness of the treatment.
Por otra parte, y no menos importante, debe señalarse el inconveniente que supone, ante Ia necesidad de un cambio durante el tratamiento del tipo de cabeza del microimplante, provocando necesariamente Ia intervención quirúrgica correspondiente para retirar el microimplante colocado y ser sustituirlo por el nuevo, con el consiguiente desgaste óseo que ello provoca.On the other hand, and not less important, it should be noted the inconvenience involved, given the need for a change during the treatment of the type of head of the microimplant, necessarily causing the corresponding surgical intervention to remove the placed microimplant and replace it with the new one, with the consequent bone wear that this causes.
Finalmente, dadas las características de material y forma que presentan las cabezas de los implantes (son metálicos y protuberantes), lógicamente provocan molestias y rozaduras que pueden llegar a causar dolorosas llagas al paciente, siendo, para evitarlas, aplicadas sobre dichas cabezas capas protectoras de distintos materiales destinados a tal fin, los cuales, al solidificar las recubren y protegen, evitando así el roce, pero que presentan el inconveniente de que ante cualquier ajuste del tensor, deben ser eliminadas, tarea relativamente laboriosa, y colocadas de nuevo una vez finalizado el ajuste, con Ia consiguiente inversión de tiempo y material que ello supone.Finally, given the characteristics of material and shape that the implant heads have (they are metallic and protuberant), they logically cause discomfort and chafing that can cause painful sores to the patient, being, to avoid them, applied on said heads protective layers of different materials intended for this purpose, which, when solidifying cover and protect them, thus avoiding friction, but which have the disadvantage that before any adjustment of the tensioner, they must be eliminated, a relatively laborious task, and placed again once finished the adjustment, with the consequent investment of time and material that this implies.
HOJA DE SUSTITUCIÓN (REGLA 26) Por su parte, las placas conocidas, destinadas, tal como se ha mencionado a fijar en ellas algunos elementos tensores, deben ser implantadas conjuntamente con los microimplantes, sin admitir prácticamente variación alguna sobre la posición de los mismos, quedando además por debajo de Ia mucosa o parte de tejido blando del paciente, Io que supone para Ia realización de cualquier cambio una operación de considerable envergadura.SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) On the other hand, the known plates, destined, as it has been mentioned to fix in them some tensioning elements, must be implanted jointly with the microimplants, without admitting practically any variation on their position, being also below the mucosa or part of the patient's soft tissue, which implies a considerable operation for any change.
Asimismo, debe señalarse que dado el reducido tamaño de tales elementos, y Ia dificultad que representa el acceso a determinadas zonas de Ia cavidad bucal, resulta evidente Ia pericia que debe aplicar el operador para conseguir su correcta ubicación, contando además que al aplicar Ia fuerza necesaria para perforar el hueso, resulta inevitable un cierto movimiento de balanceo en Ia penetración del tornillo que puede llegar a desviar su posición y que inevitablemente amplía Ia zona de agarre de Ia rosca del microimplante con el tejido óseo, debilitando su sujeción.Also, it should be noted that given the small size of such elements, and the difficulty of accessing certain areas of the oral cavity, the skill that the operator must apply to achieve its correct location is evident, also counting that when applying the force necessary to pierce the bone, a certain balancing movement is inevitable in the penetration of the screw that can deviate its position and that inevitably expands the grip area of the microimplant thread with the bone tissue, weakening its support.
Finalmente, cabe mencionar que dicho microimplante, puede constar de una sola pieza que se atornilla directamente al hueso, o puede consistir, tal como en Ia presente invención se preconiza, en un elemento formado por una parte inferior o microtornillo, que se incrusta en el hueso, y una cabeza intercambiable que se atornilla a Ia descrita parte inferior o microtornillo.Finally, it should be mentioned that said microimplant may consist of a single piece that is screwed directly to the bone, or it may consist, as in the present invention, of an element formed by a lower part or micro screw, which is embedded in the bone, and an interchangeable head that is screwed to the described lower part or micro screw.
Tanto para Ia colocación como para Ia extracción de dichas cabezas, el operador debe atornillarla al microtornillo o parte inferior del microimplante, operación que, dadas las dimensiones del mismo y Ia estrechez de Ia cavidad bucal y su difícil acceso, se convierte en una operación arto difícil que retrasa enormemente Ia duración de Ia intervención y que además comporta ciertos riesgos, como puede ser el hecho de que Ia cabeza se puede caer accidentalmente y el paciente se Ia puede tragar, con el consiguiente perjuicio tanto para el operador como para el paciente.Both for the placement and for the removal of said heads, the operator must screw it to the micro screw or lower part of the microimplant, an operation that, given its dimensions and the narrowness of the oral cavity and its difficult access, becomes an arto operation difficult to greatly delay the duration of the intervention and also involves certain risks, such as the fact that the head may fall accidentally and the patient can swallow, with the consequent damage to both the operator and the patient.
Visto Io anterior, se hace evidente Ia necesidad de crear unIn view of the above, the need to create a
HOJA DE SUSTITUCIÓN (REGLA 26) sistema de anclaje esquelético que aporte soluciones prácticas y efectivas a Ia problemática descrita, siendo este el principal objetivo de Ia presente invención, debiendo mencionarse por otra parte, que por parte del peticionario se desconoce Ia existencia de ninguna otra, que presente unas características técnicas, estructurales y constitutivas semejantes.SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) skeletal anchoring system that provides practical and effective solutions to the problem described, this being the main objective of the present invention, mentioning on the other hand, that the existence of no other is unknown by the petitioner, which has technical characteristics, similar structural and constitutive.
EXPLICACIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓNEXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION
Así, el sistema de anclaje esquelético aplicable en terapias de ortodoncia que Ia invención propone alcanza satisfactoriamente los objetivos señalados como idóneos, estando los detalles caracterizadores que Io hacen posible adecuadamente recogidos en las reivindicaciones finales que acompañan a Ia presente descripción.Thus, the skeletal anchoring system applicable in orthodontic therapies that the invention proposes satisfactorily achieves the objectives indicated as being suitable, the characterizing details that make it possible adequately included in the final claims accompanying the present description.
De forma concreta, el sistema que Ia invención preconiza, que tal como se ha mencionado anteriormente es aplicable en terapias de ortodoncia, en las que se fijan al hueso una serie de microimplantes que sirven de punto de apoyo para sujetar unos elementos tensores (elásticos, resortes, etc.) que provocarán el movimiento terapéutico de las piezas que interese, o que, según las necesidades, se unen mediante unas placas de acero a las que se fijan dichos elementos tensores, comprende esencialmente Ia utilización de cuatro elementos: un microimplante adaptable, al que se puede fijar directamente los elementos tensores y que está constituido por un microtornillo que se inserta en el hueso, un cabezal intercambiable roscado a él y un protector que cubre dicho cabezal, una placa adaptable a varios implantes para Ia fijación de algunos de dichos elementos tensores, un dispositivo de fijación que facilita Ia correcta colocación del microtornillo de los microimplantes y por último una herramienta destornillador que facilita el roscado y desenroscado del cabezal del microimplante para operaciones de revisión y cambio.Specifically, the system that the invention advocates, which as mentioned above is applicable in orthodontic therapies, in which a series of microimplants that serve as a support point for fastening tensioning elements (elastic, are fixed to the bone) springs, etc.) that will cause the therapeutic movement of the pieces of interest, or which, according to the needs, are joined by means of steel plates to which said tensioning elements are fixed, essentially comprises the use of four elements: an adaptable microimplant , to which the tensioning elements can be fixed directly and which is constituted by a micro screw that is inserted into the bone, an interchangeable head threaded to it and a protector that covers said head, a plate adaptable to several implants for the fixation of some of said tensioning elements, a fixing device that facilitates the correct placement of the microimplant micro screw and finally a a screwdriver tool that facilitates the threading and unscrewing of the microimplant head for revision and replacement operations.
Así pues, el microimplante está constituido, tal como se ha mencionado a partir de tres piezas acoplables entre sí: un microtornillo, que es Ia parte del microimplante que se atornilla al hueso, una cabeza o cabezal intercambiable, que puede presentar diferentes formas (conThus, the microimplant is constituted, as mentioned from three pieces that can be coupled together: a micro screw, which is the part of the microimplant that is screwed to the bone, an interchangeable head or head, which can have different shapes (with
HOJA DE SUSTITUCIÓN (REGLA 26) botón, con botón y ojal, con gancho o con bracket) en función de las necesidades de cada caso y que se acopla al microtornillo mediante rosca u otro tipo de unión, siendo Ia parte del microimplante que queda externa, y finalmente un protector del cabezal preformado, realizado preferentemente de silicona, plástico u otro material similar, que se adapta a dicho cabezal y protege los tejidos blandos frente al roce.SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) button, with button and buttonhole, with hook or with bracket) depending on the needs of each case and that is attached to the micro screw by means of thread or other type of connection, being the part of the microimplant that is external, and finally a head protector preformed, preferably made of silicone, plastic or other similar material, which adapts to said head and protects soft tissues against rubbing.
El microtornillo, presenta a su vez una zona inferior roscada, que es Ia que quedará introducida en el hueso, Ia cual asimismo se divide en tres zonas diferenciadas, una distal o punta, de configuración cónica cuyas aristas helicoidales presentan un paso de rosca ancho, con mayor inclinación y espaciado entre ellas, especialmente adaptado para procurar una óptima penetración en el hueso; una zona intermedia, de mayor diámetro y cuyas aristas helicoidales presentan un paso de rosca intermedio, con menor inclinación y más junto, presentando además un perfil redondeado, ya que esta parte del microtornillo está destinada a ajustarse a Ia zona esponjosa del interior del hueso y con ello se Ie daña Io menos posible; y un una última zona proximal, de mayor diámetro que las anteriores y cuyas aristas helicoidales igualmente presentan un paso de rosca mayor, es decir, con menos inclinación y más cantidad de vueltas, obteniendo Ia mayor retención en Ia parte cortical (Ia más dura y externa) del hueso a Ia que esta parte se ajustará.The micro-screw, in turn, has a threaded lower zone, which is the one that will be inserted into the bone, which is also divided into three distinct zones, a distal or tip, with a conical configuration whose helical edges have a wide thread pitch, with greater inclination and spacing between them, specially adapted to ensure optimum penetration into the bone; an intermediate area, of greater diameter and whose helical edges have an intermediate thread pitch, with less inclination and closer together, also presenting a rounded profile, since this part of the micro-screw is intended to fit the spongy area inside the bone and this damages the least possible; and a last proximal area, of greater diameter than the previous ones and whose helical edges also have a greater thread pitch, that is, with less inclination and more turns, obtaining the greatest retention in the cortical part (the hardest and external) of the bone to which this part will fit.
Con ello se consigue que cada parte de rosca realice una nueva rosca en el hueso, ajustándose perimetralmente de forma perfecta, Io que produce un aumento de Ia retención y un mínimo deterioro del tejido óseo, siendo, las dimensiones y longitudes de cada una de dichas partes, en cada caso, las más adecuadas a cada tipo de tratamiento o morfología particular del paciente.With this it is achieved that each thread part makes a new thread in the bone, adjusting perimeter perfectly, which produces an increase in retention and a minimum deterioration of bone tissue, being, the dimensions and lengths of each of said parts, in each case, the most appropriate to each type of treatment or morphology of the patient.
Por su parte, Ia zona superior del microtornillo, que es Ia que quedará externa al hueso pero introducida en el tejido blando, presenta una superficie exterior lisa en orden a una mejor adaptación a los tejidos blandos en los que quedará alojada, disponiendo un escalonamiento en su parte inferior, justo en el encuentro con Ia zona roscada, que evita al operador poder introducir el microtornillo más allá del hueso. Por su parteFor its part, the upper area of the micro screw, which is the one that will be external to the bone but inserted into the soft tissue, has a smooth outer surface in order to better adapt to the soft tissues in which it will be housed, providing a stepping in its lower part, just in the encounter with the threaded area, which prevents the operator from being able to introduce the micro screw beyond the bone. For its part
HOJA DE SUSTITUCIÓN (REGLA 26) interna, dicha zona superior dispone de un alojamiento, con rosca o sistema de adaptación alternativo, para recibir los distintos tipos de cabeza, de manera que su intercambio durante el tratamiento no precisa de Ia extracción del microtornillo.SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) internally, said upper area has a housing, with a thread or alternative adaptation system, to receive the different types of head, so that its exchange during the treatment does not require the removal of the micro screw.
Las cabezas, que tal como se ha señalado en párrafos anteriores tienen Ia misión de sujetar directamente los elementos tensores (elásticos resortes, etc.) o Ia placa de acero anteriormente citada, por Io que pueden presentar diferentes formas, en función de las necesidades de cada caso, pudiendo ser de botón, de botón con ojal, de gancho, o de bracket, estando esta forma de cabeza provista caracterizadoramente de dos surcos perpendiculares, Io que permite Ia colocación de los elementos tensores en una dirección u otra sin necesidad de variar Ia posición del cabezal o incluso Ia colocación de sendos tensores que trabajen simultáneamente sobre el mismo microimplante desde distinto ángulo, Io que permite optimizar el sistema reduciendo el número de colocación de los mismos.The heads, which, as indicated in previous paragraphs, have the mission of directly holding the tensioning elements (spring springs, etc.) or the steel plate mentioned above, so that they can have different shapes, depending on the needs of each case, being able to be a button, button with a buttonhole, a hook, or a bracket, this head shape being characterized by two perpendicular grooves, which allows the placement of the tensioning elements in one direction or another without the need to vary The position of the head or even the placement of two tensioners that work simultaneously on the same microimplant from a different angle, which makes it possible to optimize the system by reducing the number of placement thereof.
Finalmente, Ia cabeza se recubre con un protector de silicona, plástico u otro material adecuado, para Ia protección de los tejidos blandos, ya preformado y cuya configuración interior está especialmente diseñada para adaptarse a cada tipo de cabeza, disponiendo además lateralmente de una ranura para permitir el paso de los diferentes elementos tensores, elásticos, resortes, etc.Finally, the head is covered with a protective silicone, plastic or other suitable material, for the protection of soft tissues, already preformed and whose interior configuration is specially designed to adapt to each type of head, also having a groove laterally allow the passage of different tensioning elements, elastic, springs, etc.
En cuanto a Ia mencionada placa, es una placa de acero que puede adaptarse a dos, tres o hasta cuatro microimplantes, según sea su forma alargada, triangular, o cuadrada, y dispone, para su fijación y adaptación a Ia posición de dichos microimplantes, de unos orificios laterales colisos que ventajosamente permitirán Ia variación de posición de Ia misma.As for the aforementioned plate, it is a steel plate that can be adapted to two, three or even four microimplants, depending on their elongated, triangular, or square shape, and has, for its fixation and adaptation to the position of said microimplants, of colossal side holes that will advantageously allow the position variation thereof.
La colocación de Ia placa se realiza colocando las puntas de los microimplantes fijadas al hueso en Ia posición que mejor convenga, disponiendo ventajosamente de un mayor rango de posibilidades para su ubicación, ya que Ia placa no obliga a que esta se produzca en un puntoThe placement of the plate is carried out by placing the microimplant tips attached to the bone in the position that best suits, advantageously having a greater range of possibilities for its location, since the plate does not force it to occur at a point
HOJA DE SUSTITUCIÓN (REGLA 26) en concreto, pudiendo salvar raíces u otros inconvenientes. Una vez fijadas las puntas de los microimplantes, se situará Ia placa, pudiendo adaptarse a Ia posición que mejor convenga para ejercer de forma óptima Ia fuerza que precisa el tratamiento, y permaneciendo ventajosamente por Ia parte externa de Ia mucosa, finalmente se colocan las cabezas o tornillos de fijación en los microimplantes, atravesando los orificios colisos de Ia placa de forma que esta quedará perfectamente fijada.SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) specifically, being able to save roots or other inconveniences. Once the tips of the microimplants are fixed, the plate will be placed, being able to adapt to the position that best suits to exert the force that the treatment requires, and remaining advantageously by the external part of the mucosa, finally the heads are placed or fixing screws in the microimplants, crossing the collision holes of the plate so that it will be perfectly fixed.
En Ia parte central de Ia placa, esta puede disponer, según convenga, de botón y ojal, de retenciones para soldar tubos, brackets, cajetines resortes, etc. u otros aditamentos o elementos tensores.In the central part of the plate, it can have, as appropriate, button and eyelet, withholdings for welding tubes, brackets, spring boxes, etc. or other attachments or tensioning elements.
En una variante de realización de Ia invención, Ia placa incorpora un sistema de transferencia que permite ventajosamente incrementar notablemente Ia fuerza a realizar sobre las piezas a mover así como el diseño de modelos de aparatos fuera de Ia boca y su posterior colocación, disponiendo para ello de sendas elevaciones angulares, a modo de guía, en su zona central, aptas para recibir una pieza adicional, que dispone de una zona de encaje de dimensiones acordes para ello, y de una zona de retención.In a variant embodiment of the invention, the plate incorporates a transfer system that advantageously increases significantly the force to be performed on the pieces to be moved as well as the design of models of devices outside the mouth and their subsequent placement, providing for this of angular elevations, as a guide, in its central area, suitable for receiving an additional piece, which has a fitting area of suitable dimensions for it, and a retention area.
Para proceder a Ia colocación de Ia misma, una vez fijada Ia placa al hueso, mediante el procedimiento descrito anteriormente, se coloca el encaje en posición y se toma una impresión que arrastra el encaje por su retención. Antes de hacer el modelo, se coloca otra placa y el modelo tendrá una placa en Ia misma posición que en Ia boca. De esa forma se pueden soldar, adaptar, etc. diferentes tipos de aparatos que luego se colocan en boca con el encaje, el cual se fijará a Ia placa en Ia boca mediante ligaduras, cementos, etc.To proceed with the placement of the same, once the plate is fixed to the bone, by the procedure described above, the lace is placed in position and an impression is taken that drags the lace by its retention. Before making the model, another plate is placed and the model will have a plate in the same position as in the mouth. That way you can weld, adapt, etc. different types of devices that are then placed in the mouth with the socket, which will be fixed to the plate in the mouth by means of ligatures, cements, etc.
Tal como se ha mencionado, para Ia correcta colocación de los anteriormente descritos microimplantes, Ia invención cuenta con un dispositivo de fijación que permite fijar con exactitud Ia posición y ángulo en que penetra el microtomillo en el hueso, evitando totalmente cualquier desviación de dicho ángulo durante su penetración, así como Ia movilidad del mismo durante Ia aplicación de Ia fuerza necesaria para Ia perforaciónAs mentioned, for the correct placement of the aforementioned microimplants, the invention has a fixation device that allows to fix exactly the position and angle at which the microtomillo penetrates the bone, totally avoiding any deviation from said angle during its penetration, as well as its mobility during the application of the force necessary for drilling
HOJA DE SUSTITUCIÓN (REGLA 26) del tejido óseo, Io que da como resultado una implantación del microimplante perfecta, tanto en ubicación, inclinación como ajuste, asegurando su fijación y por tante Ia efectividad del tratamiento.SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) of bone tissue, which results in a perfect implantation of the microimplant, both in location, inclination and adjustment, ensuring its fixation and therefore the effectiveness of the treatment.
Este dispositivo está constituido a partir de una estructura articulada compuesta por un doble cilindro articulado, provisto de una palanca de bloqueo, de cuyas respectivas partes dimanan perpendicularmente sendos segmentos tubulares, que a su vez cubren respectivas uniones articuladas de bola, incorporando en los extremos distales de dichos segmentos, uno una pletina, que se puede sujetar con Ia mano contra los dientes o con los propios dientes en oclusión, pudiéndose también agregar godiva, cera rígida, acrílico, u otro material, para adaptarla y fijarla mejor a los dientes, y en el otro un elemento cilindrico o tubo apto para recibir y dirigir el destornillador destinado a procurar Ia penetración del microimplante en el hueso, dirigiéndolo de forma precisa al sitio seleccionado para su colocación y con Ia dirección e inclinación adecuadas.This device is constituted from an articulated structure composed of a double articulated cylinder, provided with a locking lever, whose respective parts emanate perpendicularly from tubular segments, which in turn cover respective articulated ball joints, incorporating at the distal ends of said segments, one a plate, which can be held with the hand against the teeth or with the teeth themselves in occlusion, being able to also add godiva, rigid wax, acrylic, or other material, to adapt and fix it better to the teeth, and in the other, a cylindrical element or tube capable of receiving and directing the screwdriver intended to ensure the penetration of the microimplant into the bone, precisely pointing it to the site selected for placement and with the appropriate direction and inclination.
Así pues, su funcionamiento es el siguiente: En primer lugar se fija Ia pletina, prevista en el extremo de uno de los segmentos del dispositivo, a uno o varios de los dientes más próximos a Ia ubicación en que se ha de colocar el microimplante, moviendo a continuación Ia estructura articulada de forma que el tubo previsto en el extremo del otro segmento quede situado perpendicularmente a Ia estructura ósea y colocado en el punto y con Ia inclinación exactas que se desee, procediendo a continuación a Ia fijación de Ia estructura articulada del dispositivo mediante Ia palanca de bloqueo, tras Io cual este ya no se moverá y Ia colocación de microimplante resulta fácil y segura, pasándose a colocar bajo dicho tubo del microimplante y a Ia introducción del destornillador para proceder a realizar el roscado del mismo.Thus, its operation is as follows: Firstly, the plate, provided at the end of one of the segments of the device, is fixed to one or more of the teeth closest to the location in which the microimplant is to be placed, then moving the articulated structure so that the tube provided at the end of the other segment is located perpendicular to the bone structure and placed at the exact point and inclination desired, then proceeding to fix the articulated structure of the device by means of the locking lever, after which it will no longer move and the microimplant placement is easy and safe, being placed under said microimplant tube and the introduction of the screwdriver to proceed with the threading thereof.
Dado que el destornillador queda introducido en el tubo del dispositivo, al girar y presionar para proceder a Ia penetración del microimplante en el tejido óseo, no se producen movimientos laterales que varíen el diámetro del orificio de fijación, siendo esta mucho más segura y eficaz.Since the screwdriver is inserted in the tube of the device, when turning and pressing to proceed with the penetration of the microimplant into the bone tissue, there are no lateral movements that vary the diameter of the fixing hole, being this much safer and more effective.
HOJA DE SUSTITUCIÓN (REGLA 26) Finalmente, Ia invención comprende Ia utilización de una herramienta destornillador cuyo especial diseño y configuración permiten que Ia operación de atornillado y desatornillado de las cabezas de los microimplantes sea mucho más rápida y segura, y evitando además molestias al paciente así como riesgo de que eventualmente Ia cabeza pueda caerse y el paciente se Ia pueda tragar.SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) Finally, the invention comprises the use of a screwdriver tool whose special design and configuration allow the operation of screwing and unscrewing of the heads of the microimplants is much faster and safer, and also avoiding discomfort to the patient as well as the risk that eventually the head may fall and the patient may swallow it.
Dicha herramienta, preferentemente metálica, aunque puede estar fabricada en cualquier otro material adecuadamente resistente y apto para ser debidamente desinfectada mediante los métodos convencionales, dada Ia utilidad a que está destinada, se configura esencialmente a partir del acoplamiento mutuo de dos partes independientes que discurren una dentro de Ia otra a modo de émbolo: una externa, destinada a sujetar el microtornillo que se encuentra incrustado en el tejido óseo; y una interna, destinada propiamente a atornillar y destornillar Ia cabeza del microimplante a dicho microtornillo, siendo sujetada por Ia parte externa con seguridad y dirigiéndola correctamente a Ia rosca correspondiente que éste presenta en su parte superior.Said tool, preferably metallic, although it can be made of any other material that is adequately resistant and capable of being properly disinfected by conventional methods, given the utility to which it is intended, is essentially configured from the mutual coupling of two independent parts that run a inside the other as a piston: an external one, intended to hold the micro screw that is embedded in the bone tissue; and an internal one, properly destined to screw and unscrew the microimplant head to said micro screw, being secured by the external part safely and directing it correctly to the corresponding thread that it presents in its upper part.
La mencionada parte interna está constituida por un cuerpo aproximadamente cilindrico, dotado de una parte superior o mango, destinado a ser asido por el operador, y que puede presentar una configuración más ancha y ergonómica, y una parte inferior tubular, de cuyo extremo distal dimana solidariamente un vastago estrecho y rectilíneo apto para encajar y recibir Ia parte superior de Ia cabeza a colocar.The mentioned internal part is constituted by an approximately cylindrical body, provided with an upper part or handle, intended to be held by the operator, and which can have a wider and more ergonomic configuration, and a tubular lower part, whose distal end derives from in solidarity a narrow and rectilinear rod suitable to fit and receive the upper part of the head to be placed.
Por su parte, Ia parte externa del destornillador consiste en un cuerpo que discurre axialmente por Ia parte interna descrita, estando formado por un aro o anillo superior y un círculo o tapa inferior, ambos de dimensiones ligeramente superiores a las del cuerpo cilindrico antedicho, los cuales se encuentran unidos solidariamente por respectivas varillas laterales, rectilíneas y paralelas, existiendo en Ia parte central de Ia tapa inferior un cuerpo tubular solidario a Ia misma que dimanaOn the other hand, the external part of the screwdriver consists of a body that runs axially through the described internal part, being formed by an upper ring or ring and a circle or lower cover, both of dimensions slightly higher than those of the aforementioned cylindrical body, which are jointly joined by respective lateral, rectilinear and parallel rods, there being in the central part of the lower cover a tubular body integral to the same one that arises
HOJA DE SUSTITUCIÓN (REGLA 26) perpendicularmente de ella, y cuyas dimensiones son adecuadas para encajar en el microtornillo, y a Ia vez recibir en su interior el mencionado vastago rectilíneo que discurriendo por su interior se acoplará a Ia cabeza del microimplante.SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) perpendicularly to it, and whose dimensions are suitable to fit in the micro screw, and at the same time receive inside said rectilinear rod that, running inside it, will be attached to the microimplant head.
De esta forma, mientras se atornilla o destornilla Ia cabeza del microimplante con el extremo del vastago de Ia parte interna del destornillador de Ia invención, el extremo del cuerpo tubular de Ia parte externa fija el microtornillo o parte inferior del microimplante dirigiendo Ia cabeza correctamente a Ia rosca de este.In this way, while the microimplant head is screwed or unscrewed with the rod end of the inner part of the screwdriver of the invention, the end of the tubular body of the outer part fixes the micro screw or lower part of the microimplant by correctly directing the head to The thread of this.
El nuevo sistema de anclaje esquelético aplicable en terapias de ortodoncia representa, por consiguiente, una innovadora invención de características estructurales y constitutivas desconocidas hasta ahora para tal fin, razones que unidas a su utilidad práctica, Ia dotan de fundamento suficiente para obtener el privilegio de exclusividad que se solicita.The new skeletal anchoring system applicable in orthodontic therapies represents, therefore, an innovative invention of structural and constitutive characteristics unknown until now for this purpose, reasons that, together with its practical utility, provide sufficient grounds for obtaining the privilege of exclusivity. that is requested.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LOS DIBUJOSDESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Para complementar Ia descripción que se está realizando y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características de Ia invención, se acompaña a Ia presente memoria descriptiva, como parte integrante de Ia misma, de un juego de planos, en los que con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo se ha representado Io siguiente:To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, this descriptive report is attached, as an integral part thereof, of a set of drawings, in which with character Illustrative and not limiting, the following has been represented:
La figura número 1.- Muestra una vista en alzado lateral, parcialmente seccionada, de un ejemplo de realización del microimplante adaptable, que comprende el sistema de anclaje esquelético según Ia invención, en Ia que se aprecian los todos elementos que comprende, Ia configuración y disposición de los mismos, así como su posicionamiento en las distintas capas de hueso y de tejido blando.Figure number 1.- Shows a side elevation view, partially sectioned, of an example of embodiment of the adaptable microimplant, comprising the skeletal anchoring system according to the invention, in which all the elements comprising, configuration and their disposition, as well as their positioning in the different layers of bone and soft tissue.
Las figuras número 2-A y 2-B.- Muestran respectivas vistas en alzado lateral y en planta del microtornillo, o parte del microimplante que se introduce en el hueso.Figures number 2-A and 2-B. - They show respective views in side elevation and in plan of the micro screw, or part of the microimplant that is introduced into the bone.
HOJA DE SUSTITUCIÓN (REGLA 26) Las figuras 3, 4 y 5.- Muestran respectivas vistas en alzado lateral de los distintos tipos de cabeza conocidos acoplables al microtornillo.SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) Figures 3, 4 and 5.- They show respective views in side elevation of the different types of known head attachable to the micro screw.
Las figuras 6-A y 6-B.- Muestran sendas vistas en alzado lateral y en planta, respectivamente, de Ia nueva cabeza tipo bracket.Figures 6-A and 6-B.- They show paths in side elevation and in plan, respectively, of the new bracket type head.
Las figuras 7-A, 7-B y 7-C- Muestran respectivamente una vista en sección, según un corte longitudinal, una vista en alzado lateral y una vista en planta del protector de cabeza que incorpora el microimplante, en las que se aprecia su configuración.Figures 7-A, 7-B and 7-C- respectively show a sectional view, according to a longitudinal section, a side elevational view and a plan view of the head protector incorporating the microimplant, which shows Your configuration
Las figuras 8 a 10.- Muestran sendas vistas en alzado lateral, parcialmente seccionadas, en las que se aprecia Ia adaptación del protector a cada tipo de cabeza del microimplante.Figures 8 to 10.- They show paths in side elevation, partially sectioned, which shows the adaptation of the protector to each type of microimplant head.
Las figuras número 11 y 12.- Muestran respectivas vistas en planta y alzado en sección longitudinal de un ejemplo de realización de Ia placa aplicable al sistema de anclaje esquelético, según Ia invención, en las que se aprecian las partes que comprende así como su configuración y disposición.Figures 11 and 12. - They show respective views in plan and elevation in longitudinal section of an example of embodiment of the plate applicable to the skeletal anchoring system, according to the invention, in which the parts comprising as well as its configuration are appreciated and disposition.
La figura número 13.- Muestra una vista en alzado, adecuadamente seccionada, de Ia placa una vez fijada al microimplante.Figure number 13.- Shows an elevation view, properly sectioned, of the plate once fixed to the microimplant.
Las figuras número 14 y 15.- Corresponden a sendas vistas en planta y alzado en sección longitudinal, respectivamente, de una variante de realización de Ia placa con sistema de transferencia.Figures number 14 and 15.- Correspond to paths in plan and elevation in longitudinal section, respectively, of a variant embodiment of the plate with transfer system.
Las figuras número 16 y 17.- Muestran respectivamente una vista en planta y alzado en sección longitudinal de Ia pieza adicional de encaje de Ia placa con sistema de transferencia representada en las figuras 14 y 15.Figures 16 and 17.- They show respectively a plan view and elevation in longitudinal section of the additional piece of socket of the plate with transfer system represented in Figures 14 and 15.
Las figuras número 18 y 19.- Muestran respectivas vistas enFigures number 18 and 19.- Show respective views in
HOJA DE SUSTITUCIÓN (REGLA 26) planta y alzado en sección longitudinal de Ia placa representada en las figuras 14 y 15 con el encaje acoplado a Ia misma.SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) plan and elevation in longitudinal section of the plate represented in figures 14 and 15 with the socket coupled thereto.
La figura número 20.- Muestra una vista en alzado lateral, de un ejemplo de realización del dispositivo de fijación para Ia colocación de los microimplantes según Ia invención, en Ia que se aprecian las principales partes y elementos que comprende, así como su configuración y disposición.Figure number 20.- Shows a side elevation view of an example of embodiment of the fixing device for the placement of the microimplants according to the invention, in which the main parts and elements that it comprises, as well as its configuration and provision.
La figura número 21.- Muestra una vista en planta del dispositivo representado en la figura 20.Figure number 21.- Shows a plan view of the device represented in figure 20.
La figura número 22.- Muestra una vista en detalle del dispositivo en posición de uso para Ia fijación en boca.Figure number 22.- Shows a detailed view of the device in use position for the fixation in the mouth.
La figura número 23.- Muestra una vista en alzado lateral de un ejemplo de realización de Ia herramienta destornillador, que comprende el sistema de Ia invención, en Ia que se aprecian las principales partes y elementos de que consta así como su configuración y disposición.Figure number 23.- Shows a side elevational view of an embodiment of the screwdriver tool, which comprises the system of the invention, in which the main parts and elements of which it consists as well as its configuration and arrangement are appreciated.
La figura número 24.- Muestra una vista en planta inferior del ejemplo de destornillador representado en Ia figura 23.Figure number 24.- Shows a bottom plan view of the screwdriver example shown in Figure 23.
REALIZACIÓN PREFERENTE DE LA INVENCIÓNPREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
A Ia vista de las mencionadas figuras y de acuerdo con Ia numeración adoptada, se puede observar en ellas como el sistema de anclaje esquelético aplicable en terapias de ortodoncia comprende las partes que se indican y describen en detalle a continuación.In view of the aforementioned figures and according to the numbering adopted, it can be observed in them how the skeletal anchoring system applicable in orthodontic therapies comprises the parts indicated and described in detail below.
Así, tal como se aprecia en las primeras figuras, 1 a 10, el microimplante (1 ) del sistema de anclaje comprende esencialmente tres piezas acoplables entre sí: un microtornillo (2), parte del microimplante que se atornilla al hueso, unas cabezas intercambiables (3), que pueden presentar diferentes formas, en función de las necesidades de cada casoThus, as seen in the first figures, 1 to 10, the microimplant (1) of the anchoring system essentially comprises three pieces that can be coupled together: a micro screw (2), part of the microimplant that is screwed to the bone, interchangeable heads (3), which may present different forms, depending on the needs of each case
HOJA DE SUSTITUCIÓN (REGLA 26) y que se acopla al microtornillo (2) mediante rosca u otro tipo de unión, siendo Ia parte del microimplante que queda externa, y un protector preformado (4), realizado preferentemente de silicona, plástico u otro material similar, que se adapta a Ia cabeza (3) y protege los tejidos blandos frente al roce.SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) and that it is coupled to the micro screw (2) by means of a thread or other type of connection, the part of the microimplant remaining external, and a preformed protector (4), preferably made of silicone, plastic or other similar material, which adapts to the head (3) and protects soft tissues against rubbing.
Atendiendo a las figuras 2-A y 2-B, se observa como el microtornillo (2), presenta de forma caracterizadora una zona inferior roscada (2a), que es Ia que quedará introducida en el hueso, Ia cual a su vez se divide en tres zonas de distinta configuración, una distal o punta (5), de configuración cónica cuyas aristas helicoidales presentan un paso de rosca ancho, con mayor inclinación y espaciado entre ellas, especialmente adaptado para procurar una óptima penetración en el hueso; una zona intermedia (6), de mayor diámetro y cuyas aristas helicoidales presentan un paso de rosca intermedio, con menor inclinación y más junto, presentando además un perfil redondeado, ya que esta parte del microtornillo está destinada a ajustarse a Ia zona esponjosa del interior del hueso (i) y con ello se Ie daña Io menos posible; y un una última zona proximal (7), de mayor diámetro que las anteriores y cuyas aristas helicoidales igualmente presentan un paso de rosca mayor, es decir, con menos inclinación y más cantidad de vueltas, obteniendo Ia mayor retención en Ia parte cortical (Ia más dura y externa) del hueso (n) a Ia que esta parte se ajustará.Attending to figures 2-A and 2-B, it can be seen how the micro screw (2), characteristically presents a threaded lower zone (2a), which is the one that will be inserted into the bone, which in turn is divided in three zones of different configuration, a distal or tip (5), of conical configuration whose helical edges have a wide thread pitch, with greater inclination and spacing between them, specially adapted to ensure optimum bone penetration; an intermediate zone (6), of greater diameter and whose helical edges have an intermediate thread pitch, with less inclination and closer together, also presenting a rounded profile, since this part of the micro-screw is intended to fit the spongy area of the interior of the bone (i) and with it the least possible damage; and a last proximal area (7), of greater diameter than the previous ones and whose helical edges also have a greater thread pitch, that is, with less inclination and more turns, obtaining the greatest retention in the cortical part (Ia harder and external) of the bone (n) to which this part will fit.
Por su parte, Ia zona superior (2b) del microtornillo, que es Ia que quedará externa al hueso pero introducida en el tejido blando (ni), presenta una superficie exterior lisa en orden a una mejor adaptación a dichos tejidos blandos en los que quedará alojada, disponiendo un escalonamiento (8) en su parte inferior, justo en el encuentro con Ia zona roscada inferior (2a), que ventajosamente evita al operador poder introducir el microtomillo (2) más allá del hueso, evitando así cualquier perjuicio durante Ia implantación del mismo.On the other hand, the upper zone (2b) of the micro screw, which is the one that will be external to the bone but inserted into the soft tissue (ni), has a smooth outer surface in order to better adapt to said soft tissues in which it will remain housed, providing a stepping (8) in its lower part, just in the encounter with the lower threaded area (2a), which advantageously prevents the operator from being able to introduce the microtomillo (2) beyond the bone, thus avoiding any damage during implantation of the same.
Por su parte interna, dicha zona superior dispone de un alojamiento (9), adecuadamente previsto en dimensiones y configuración, con rosca o sistema de adaptación alternativo, para recibir los distintosFor its internal part, said upper area has a housing (9), adequately provided in dimensions and configuration, with an alternative thread or adaptation system, to receive the different
HOJA DE SUSTITUCIÓN (REGLA 26) tipos de cabeza (3), de manera que su intercambio durante el tratamiento no precisa de Ia extracción del microtornillo (2).SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) head types (3), so that their exchange during the treatment does not require the removal of the micro screw (2).
Dichas cabezas (3), que tienen Ia misión de sujetar los elementos tensores (elásticos resortes, etc.), pueden presentar diferentes formas, en función de las necesidades de cada caso, pudiendo ser de botón (figura 3), de botón con ojal (figura 4), de gancho (figura 5), o de bracket (figura 6-A, 6-B), estando esta forma de cabeza provista caracterizadoramente de dos surcos perpendiculares (10), que pueden presentar una misma anchura o distinta, y que permiten Ia colocación de los elementos tensores en una dirección u otra sin necesidad de variar Ia posición del cabezal u opcionalmente Ia colocación de sendos tensores que trabajen simultáneamente sobre el mismo microimplante (1) desde distinto ángulo.Said heads (3), which have the mission of holding the tensioning elements (elastic springs, etc.), can have different shapes, depending on the needs of each case, being able to be a button (figure 3), a button with a buttonhole (figure 4), hook (figure 5), or bracket (figure 6-A, 6-B), this head shape being characterized by two perpendicular grooves (10), which may have the same or different width, and that allow the placement of the tensioning elements in one direction or another without the need to vary the position of the head or optionally the placement of two tensioners that work simultaneously on the same microimplant (1) from a different angle.
Por último, el microimplante (1 ) prevé que Ia cabeza (3) se recubra con un protector (4) de silicona, plástico u otro material adecuado para Ia protección de los tejidos blandos (figuras 7-A, 7-B y 7-C), ya preformado y cuya configuración interior está especialmente diseñada para adaptarse a cada tipo de cabeza (3), tal como se aprecia en las figuras 8 a 10, disponiendo lateralmente de una ranura (11) para permitir el paso de los diferentes elementos tensores, elásticos, resortes, etc.Finally, the microimplant (1) provides that the head (3) is coated with a protective (4) silicone, plastic or other material suitable for the protection of soft tissues (Figures 7-A, 7-B and 7- C), already preformed and whose interior configuration is specially designed to adapt to each type of head (3), as can be seen in figures 8 to 10, having a groove (11) laterally to allow the passage of the different elements tensioners, elastic, springs, etc.
Atendiendo a las figuras 11 y 12, se puede apreciar como el sistema de anclaje de Ia invención comprende asimismo Ia utilización de una placa de acero (12) que, adoptando diferentes formas para adaptarse a dos, tres o cuatro microimplantes (1 ), según sea alargada, triangular, o cuadrada, dispone para su fijación y adaptación a Ia posición de dichos microimplantes (1 ), que tal como se ha descrito estarán compuestos por un microtornillo (2) y una cabeza (3), de sendas zonas de fijación (13) dotadas de orificios colisos (14) y de una zona central (15) en Ia que puede presentar diferentes orificios o cavidades (16), según convenga, para Ia colocación de botón y ojal, de retenciones para soldar tubos, brackets, cajetines resortes, etc. u otros aditamentos, aptos para realizar la función a que está destinada Ia placa (12).According to figures 11 and 12, it can be seen how the anchoring system of the invention also includes the use of a steel plate (12) which, taking different forms to adapt to two, three or four microimplants (1), according to be elongated, triangular, or square, it has for fixation and adaptation to the position of said microimplants (1), which as described will be composed of a micro screw (2) and a head (3), of two fixing areas (13) equipped with collision holes (14) and a central area (15) in which it can have different holes or cavities (16), as appropriate, for the placement of button and eyelet, of retentions for welding tubes, brackets, spring boxes, etc. or other attachments, suitable for performing the function to which the plate (12) is intended.
HOJA DE SUSTITUCIÓN (REGLA 26) Tal como puede apreciarse en Ia figura 13, Ia colocación de Ia placa (12) se realiza colocando las puntas de los microtornillos (2) de los microim plantes (1) fijadas al hueso en Ia posición que convenga, situando sobre ellas Ia placa (12), por Ia parte externa de Ia mucosa, y de forma que los orificios colisos ' (14) de esta se sitúen sobre los microimplantes (1 ), finalmente se colocan las cabezas o tornillos de fijación (3) en los microimplantes (1).SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) As can be seen in Figure 13, the placement of the plate (12) is carried out by placing the tips of the micro screws (2) of the microimplants (1) fixed to the bone in the position that is convenient, placing on them the plate ( 12), on the external part of the mucosa, and so that the colossal holes' (14) of this are placed on the microimplants (1), finally the fixing heads or screws (3) are placed in the microimplants (1 ).
La figuras 14 a 19 muestran una variante de realización de Ia invención, en Ia que Ia placa (12) incorpora un sistema de transferencia, disponiendo para ello en Ia zona central (15) de Ia misma de sendas elevaciones angulares (17), que a modo de guía resultan aptas para recibir una pieza adicional de encaje (18), Ia cual dispone de una zona de acople (19) provista de una protuberancia (20) de dimensiones acordes para encajar ajustadamente entre las mencionadas elevaciones angularesFigures 14 to 19 show a variant embodiment of the invention, in which the plate (12) incorporates a transfer system, arranging for it in the central area (15) thereof of angular elevations (17), which as a guide they are suitable for receiving an additional piece of lace (18), which has a coupling area (19) provided with a protuberance (20) of suitable dimensions to fit tightly between the mentioned angular elevations
(17) anteriormente descritas de Ia placa (12), tal como se aprecia en las figuras 18 y 19, y de una zona de retención (21 ) que adopta preferentemente una forma de anilla (22) apta para facilitar su arrastre.(17) previously described of the plate (12), as seen in Figures 18 and 19, and of a retention zone (21) that preferably adopts a ring shape (22) suitable for easy dragging.
Por su parte, tal como se observa en las figuras 20 y 21 , el dispositivo de fijación para Ia correcta colocación del microimplante (1 ), está esencialmente constituido a partir de una estructura articulada (23), que comprende un doble cilindro articulado (24), cuyas respectivas partes (24a) y (24b), giran en sentido axial independientemente una de Ia otra, quedando bloqueadas mediante el accionamiento de una palanca de bloqueo (25), y de las que dimanan perpendicularmente sendos segmentos tubulares (26) y (27), que a su vez cubren respectivas uniones articuladas de bola (28) y (29), incorporando en los extremos distales de dichos segmentos, en uno de ellos (26) una pletina (30), apta para sujetarse manualmente contra los dientes o con los propios dientes en oclusión, pudiéndose también agregar godiva, cera rígida, acrílico, u otro material, para adaptarla y fijarla a los dientes, y en el otro (27) un elemento cilindrico o tubo (31 ) apto para recibir en su interior el destornillador (no representado por ser convencional) y dirigir Ia penetración del microtomillo (2) o punta roscada del microimplante (1) en el hueso. (Es importante señalar que no se debe confundir el mencionadoFor its part, as seen in Figures 20 and 21, the fixing device for the correct placement of the microimplant (1), is essentially constituted from an articulated structure (23), which comprises a double articulated cylinder (24 ), whose respective parts (24a) and (24b), rotate axially independently of each other, being locked by means of the actuation of a locking lever (25), and from which perpendicularly the two tubular segments (26) and (27), which in turn cover respective articulated ball joints (28) and (29), incorporating a plate (30) at one of them (26), suitable to be held manually against the teeth or with the teeth themselves in occlusion, being able to also add godiva, rigid wax, acrylic, or other material, to adapt it and fix it to the teeth, and in the other (27) a cylindrical element or tube (31) suitable to receive in inside the destorni caller (not represented by being conventional) and directing the penetration of the microtomillo (2) or threaded tip of the microimplant (1) in the bone. (It is important to note that the aforementioned should not be confused
HOJA DE SUSTITUCIÓN (REGLA 26) destornillador convencional, para realizar este atornillado del microtomillo (2), con Ia herramienta destornillador que se describirá más adelante, Ia cual está específicamente destinada a realizar el atornillado y desatornillado de Ia cabeza (3) en el microtomillo (2)).SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) Conventional screwdriver, to make this screwdriving of the microtomillo (2), with the screwdriver tool that will be described later, which is specifically intended to make the screw and unscrew of the head (3) in the microtomillo (2)).
De esta forma, tal como se aprecia en Ia figura 22, Ia pletina (30), prevista en el extremo del segmento (26) del dispositivo, se fija a uno de los dientes más próximos a Ia ubicación en que se ha de colocar el microimplante (1 ), moviendo a continuación Ia estructura articulada (23), mediante el giro de las respectivas partes (24a) y (24b) del cilindro articulado (24) y de las articulaciones (28) y (29), de forma que el tubo (31 ) previsto en el extremo del otro segmento (27) quede situado perpendicularmente a Ia estructura ósea y colocado en el punto y con Ia inclinación exactas que se desee, procediendo a continuación a Ia fijación del cilindro articulado (24) mediante Ia palanca de bloqueo (25), tras Io cual este ya no se moverá pasándose a colocar bajo dicho tubo (31 ) el microtornillo (2) y a introducir del destornillador en su interior para proceder a realizar el roscado del mismo.In this way, as can be seen in Figure 22, the plate (30), provided at the end of the segment (26) of the device, is fixed to one of the teeth closest to the location in which the microimplant (1), then moving the articulated structure (23), by turning the respective parts (24a) and (24b) of the articulated cylinder (24) and the joints (28) and (29), so that the tube (31) provided at the end of the other segment (27) is located perpendicular to the bone structure and placed at the exact point and inclination desired, then proceeding to fix the articulated cylinder (24) by means of Ia locking lever (25), after which it will no longer move by moving the micro-screw (2) under said tube (31) and inserting the screwdriver inside to proceed with threading it.
Finalmente, como se aprecia en las figuras 23 y 24, Ia invención comprende una herramienta destornillador (32), preferentemente metálica, o material alternativo apto para ser debidamente desinfectado, configurada a partir del acoplamiento mutuo de dos partes independientes que discurren una dentro de Ia otra a modo de émbolo: una parte externa (33), destinada a sujetar el microtornillo (2), que como se ha descrito es Ia parte del microimplante (1) que se encuentra incrustada en el tejido óseo; y una parte interna (34), destinada propiamente a atornillar y destornillar Ia cabeza (3) del microimplante (1) a dicho microtornillo (2).Finally, as seen in Figures 23 and 24, the invention comprises a screwdriver tool (32), preferably metallic, or alternative material suitable for being properly disinfected, configured from the mutual coupling of two independent parts that run one within the Ia another as a piston: an external part (33), intended to hold the micro screw (2), which as described is the part of the microimplant (1) that is embedded in the bone tissue; and an internal part (34), properly intended to screw and unscrew the head (3) of the microimplant (1) to said micro screw (2).
La parte interna (34) está constituida por un cuerpo aproximadamente cilindrico (35), dotado de una parte superior o mango (36), de configuración más ancha y ergonómica destinado a ser asido por el operador, y una parte inferior tubular (37), de cuyo extremo distal dimana solidariamente un vastago (38) estrecho y rectilíneo apto para encajar y recibir Ia parte superior de Ia cabeza (3) a colocar.The internal part (34) is constituted by an approximately cylindrical body (35), provided with an upper part or handle (36), of a wider and more ergonomic configuration intended to be grasped by the operator, and a tubular lower part (37) , from whose distal end solidarity stems a narrow and rectilinear rod (38) suitable to fit and receive the upper part of the head (3) to be placed.
HOJA DE SUSTITUCIÓN (REGLA 26) Por su parte, Ia parte externa (33) del destornillador (32) consiste en un cuerpo que discurre axialmente por Ia parte interior (34), formado por un aro o anillo superior (39) y un círculo o tapa inferior (40), ambos de dimensiones ligeramente superiores a las del cuerpo cilindrico (35) y tubular (37) de Ia parte interior (34), los cuales, anillo (39) y tapa inferior (40) se encuentran unidos solidariamente por respectivas varillas laterales (41 ), rectilíneas y paralelas, existiendo en Ia parte central de Ia tapa inferior (40) un estrecho cuerpo tubular (42) solidario a dicha tapa (40) que dimana perpendicularmente de ella, y cuyas dimensiones son adecuadas para encajar en el microtornillo (2), y a Ia vez recibir en su interior el vastago (38) rectilíneo de Ia parte interior (34) de forma que pueda discurrir por su interior.SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) On the other hand, the outer part (33) of the screwdriver (32) consists of a body that runs axially through the inner part (34), formed by an upper ring or ring (39) and a circle or lower cover (40), both of dimensions slightly larger than those of the cylindrical (35) and tubular body (37) of the inner part (34), which, ring (39) and lower cover (40) are joined jointly by respective lateral rods (41) , rectilinear and parallel, there being in the central part of the lower cover (40) a narrow tubular body (42) integral with said cover (40) that flows perpendicularly therefrom, and whose dimensions are suitable to fit in the micro screw (2) , and at the same time receiving inside the rectilinear stem (38) of the inner part (34) so that it can run inside.
Descrita suficientemente Ia naturaleza de Ia presente invención, así como Ia manera de ponerla en práctica, no se considera necesario hacer más extensa su explicación para que cualquier experto en Ia materia comprenda su alcance y las ventajas que de ella se derivan, haciendo constar que, dentro de su esencialidad, podrá ser llevada a Ia práctica en otras formas de realización que difieran en detalle de Ia indicada a título de ejemplo, y a las cuales alcanzará igualmente Ia protección que se recaba siempre que no se altere, cambie o modifique su principio fundamental.Describing sufficiently the nature of the present invention, as well as the way of putting it into practice, it is not considered necessary to make its explanation more extensive so that any expert in the field understands its scope and the advantages that derive from it, stating that, within its essentiality, it may be carried out in other embodiments that differ in detail from that indicated by way of example, and which will also achieve the protection that is sought as long as it does not alter, change or modify its fundamental principle .
HOJA DE SUSTITUCIÓN (REGLA 26) SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)

Claims

R E I V I N D I C A C I O N E S
1.- SISTEMA DE ANCLAJE ESQUELÉTICO APLICABLE EN TERAPIAS DE ORTODÓNCIA, del tipo en las que se fijan al hueso una serie de microim plantes que sirven de punto de apoyo a los que, directamente se sujetan unos elementos tensores (elásticos, resortes, etc.) que provocarán el movimiento terapéutico de las piezas que interese, o que, según las necesidades, se unen mediante unas placas de acero a las que se fijan dichos elementos tensores, caracterizado por el hecho de comprender un microimplante adaptable (1 ), una placa (12) adaptable a varios implantes, un dispositivo de fijación (23) que permite una perfecta colocación del microimplante y una herramienta destornillador (32) que facilita el atornillado y desatornillado de Ia cabeza del microimplante; en que el microimplante (1) está constituido por tres piezas acoplables entre sí: un microtornillo (2), parte del microimplante que se atornilla al hueso, unas cabezas intercambiables (3), para sujetar los elementos tensores, con diferentes formas, de botón, de botón con ojal, de gancho, etc., y que se acoplan al microtornillo (2) mediante rosca u otro tipo de unión, parte del microimplante que queda externa, y un protector preformado (4), preferentemente de silicona, plástico u otro material similar, que se adapta a Ia cabeza (3) y protege los tejidos blandos frente al roce; en que Ia placa es una placa de acero (12) que, adoptando diferentes formas para adaptarse a dos, tres o cuatro microimplantes (1 ), según sea alargada, triangular, o cuadrada, dispone para su fijación y adaptación a Ia posición de dichos microimplantes (1 ), de zonas de fijación (13) dotadas de orificios colisos (14) y de una zona central (15) en Ia que dispondrá, según convenga, de diferentes orificios o cavidades (16) para Ia colocación de botón y ojal, de retenciones para soldar tubos, brackets, cajetines resortes, etc. u otros aditamentos, aptos para realizar Ia función a que está destinada; en que el dispositivo de fijación (23) está constituido a partir de una estructura articulada, que comprende medios que permiten su fijación a los dientes y medios que permiten fijar y dirigir un destornillador en un punto y con una inclinación concretas y determinadas con el que proceder al roscado del microtornillo (2) del microimplante (1); y en que Ia herramienta destornillador (32) está configurada a partir del acoplamiento mutuo de dos partes independientes que discurren una1.- APPLIED SKELETHIC ANCHORAGE SYSTEM IN ORTHODONTICS THERAPIES, of the type in which a series of microimplants are fixed to the bone that serve as a support point to which, tension elements (elastic, springs, etc.) are directly attached. ) that will cause the therapeutic movement of the pieces that interest, or that, according to the needs, are joined by means of steel plates to which said tensioning elements are fixed, characterized by the fact of comprising an adaptable microimplant (1), a plate (12) adaptable to several implants, a fixation device (23) that allows a perfect placement of the microimplant and a screwdriver tool (32) that facilitates the screwing and unscrewing of the microimplant head; in which the microimplant (1) is made up of three pieces that can be coupled together: a micro screw (2), part of the microimplant that is screwed to the bone, interchangeable heads (3), to hold the tensioning elements, with different shapes, of a button , button with buttonhole, hook, etc., and that are attached to the micro screw (2) by means of thread or other type of connection, part of the external microimplant, and a preformed protector (4), preferably silicone, plastic or other similar material, which adapts to the head (3) and protects the soft tissues against rubbing; in which the plate is a steel plate (12) that, adopting different forms to adapt to two, three or four microimplants (1), depending on whether it is elongated, triangular, or square, it has for its fixation and adaptation to the position of said microimplants (1), fixing areas (13) equipped with collision holes (14) and a central area (15) in which it will have, as appropriate, different holes or cavities (16) for the placement of button and buttonhole , of retentions for welding tubes, brackets, spring boxes, etc. or other attachments, suitable for performing the function to which it is intended; in which the fixing device (23) is constituted from an articulated structure, comprising means that allow its fixation to the teeth and means that allow to fix and direct a screwdriver at a specific point and with a certain inclination with which proceed to screw the micro screw (2) of the microimplant (1); and in which the screwdriver tool (32) is configured from the mutual coupling of two independent parts that run a
HOJA DE SUSTITUCIÓN (REGLA 26) dentro de Ia otra a modo de émbolo: una parte externa (33), destinada a sujetar el microtornillo (2), que se encuentra Incrustado en el tejido óseo; y una parte interna (34), destinada propiamente a atornillar y destornillar Ia cabeza (3) del microimplante (1 ) a dicho microtornillo (2).SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) inside the other as a piston: an external part (33), intended to hold the micro screw (2), which is embedded in the bone tissue; and an internal part (34), properly intended to screw and unscrew the head (3) of the microimplant (1) to said micro screw (2).
2.- SISTEMA DE ANCLAJE ESQUELÉTICO APLICABLE EN TERAPIAS DE ORTODÓNCIA, según Ia reivindicación 1 , caracterizado por el hecho de que el microtornillo (2), presenta una zona inferior roscada (2a), Ia cual a su vez se divide en tres zonas de distinta configuración, una distal o punta (5), de configuración cónica cuyas aristas helicoidales presentan un paso de rosca ancho, con mayor inclinación y espaciado entre ellas; una zona intermedia (6), de mayor diámetro y cuyas aristas helicoidales presentan un paso de rosca intermedio, con menor inclinación y más junto, presentando además un perfil redondeado, estando esta parte destinada a ajustarse a Ia zona esponjosa del interior del hueso (I); y un una última zona proximal (7), de mayor diámetro que las anteriores y cuyas aristas helicoidales igualmente presentan un paso de rosca mayor, es decir, con menos inclinación y más cantidad de vueltas, obteniendo Ia mayor retención en Ia parte cortical (Ia más dura y externa) del hueso (II) a Ia que esta parte se ajustará; porque Ia zona superior (2b) del microtornillo (2), que es Ia que quedará externa al hueso pero introducida en el tejido blando (ni), presenta una superficie exterior lisa, disponiendo un escalonamiento (8) en su parte inferior, justo en el encuentro con Ia zona roscada inferior (2a); y porque dicha zona superior (2b) del microtornillo (2) dispone de un alojamiento (9), adecuadamente previsto con rosca o sistema de adaptación alternativo, para recibir los distintos tipos de cabeza (3), de manera que su intercambio no precisa de Ia extracción del microtornillo (2).2.- APPLIED SKELETHIC ANCHORING SYSTEM IN ORTHODONTICS THERAPIES, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the micro screw (2), has a threaded lower zone (2a), which in turn is divided into three zones of different configuration, a distal or tip (5), conical configuration whose helical edges have a wide thread pitch, with greater inclination and spacing between them; an intermediate zone (6), of greater diameter and whose helical edges have an intermediate thread pitch, with less inclination and closer together, also presenting a rounded profile, this part being adapted to fit the spongy area inside the bone (I ); and a last proximal area (7), of greater diameter than the previous ones and whose helical edges also have a greater thread pitch, that is, with less inclination and more turns, obtaining the greatest retention in the cortical part (Ia harder and external) of the bone (II) to which this part will fit; because the upper area (2b) of the micro screw (2), which is the one that will be external to the bone but inserted into the soft tissue (ni), has a smooth outer surface, providing a stepping (8) in its lower part, just in the encounter with the lower threaded zone (2a); and because said upper area (2b) of the micro-screw (2) has a housing (9), properly provided with a thread or alternative adaptation system, to receive the different types of head (3), so that its exchange does not require The extraction of the micro screw (2).
3.- SISTEMA DE ANCLAJE ESQUELÉTICO APLICABLE EN3.- APPLICABLE SKELETIC ANCHOR SYSTEM
TERAPIAS DE ORTODÓNCIA, según las reivindicaciones 1 y 2, caracterizado por el hecho de que el microimplante (1 ) prevé una cabeza (3) tipo bracket provista de dos surcos perpendiculares (10), que pueden presentar una misma anchura o distinta, apta para Ia colocación de los elementos tensores en una dirección u otra así como Ia colocación de sendos tensores que trabajen simultáneamente sobre el mismoORTHODONTICS THERAPIES, according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the microimplant (1) provides a bracket type head (3) provided with two perpendicular grooves (10), which may have the same or different width, suitable for Ia placement of the tensioning elements in one direction or another as well as the placement of two tensioners that work simultaneously on it
HOJA DE SUSTITUCIÓN (REGLA 26) microimplante (1 ) desde distinto ángulo; y porque el protector preformado (4) presenta una configuración interior especialmente diseñada para adaptarse a cada tipo de cabeza (3), disponiendo lateralmente de una ranura (11 ) para el paso de los diferentes elementos tensores, elásticos, resortes, etc.SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) microimplant (1) from different angle; and because the preformed protector (4) has an interior configuration specially designed to adapt to each type of head (3), laterally having a groove (11) for the passage of the different tensioning elements, elastics, springs, etc.
4.- SISTEMA DE ANCLAJE ESQUELÉTICO APLICABLE EN TERAPIAS DE ORTODÓNCIA, según Ia reivindicación 1 , caracterizado por el hecho de que, en una variante de realización de Ia placa (12), ésta incorpora un sistema de transferencia, disponiendo para ello en la zona central (15) de Ia misma de sendas elevaciones angulares (17), que a modo de guía resultan aptas para recibir una pieza adicional de encaje (18), Ia cual dispone de una zona de acople (19) provista de una protuberancia (20) de dimensiones acordes para encajar ajustadamente entre las mencionadas elevaciones angulares (17) anteriormente descritas de Ia placa (12), y de una zona de retención (21 ) que adopta preferentemente una forma de anilla (22) apta para facilitar su arrastre.4.- APPLIED SKELETHIC ANCHORAGE SYSTEM IN ORTHODONTICS THERAPIES, according to claim 1, characterized in that, in a variant embodiment of the plate (12), it incorporates a transfer system, arranging for it in the area center (15) of the same angular paths (17), which as a guide are suitable to receive an additional piece of lace (18), which has a coupling area (19) provided with a protuberance (20 ) of suitable dimensions to fit tightly between the aforementioned angular elevations (17) described above of the plate (12), and of a retention zone (21) that preferably adopts a ring shape (22) suitable for easy dragging.
5.- SISTEMA DE ANCLAJE ESQUELÉTICO APLICABLE EN TERAPIAS DE ORTODÓNCIA, según Ia reivindicación 1 , caracterizado por el hecho de que los medios que comprende Ia estructura articulada constitutiva del dispositivo de fijación (23) que permiten su fijación a los dientes consisten en una pletina (30), y los medios que permiten fijar y dirigir el destornillador en un punto y con una inclinación concretas y determinadas con el que proceder al roscado del microimplante consisten en un elemento cilindrico o tubo (31 ); y porque dicha estructura articulada5.- APPLIED SKELETTIC ANCHORAGE SYSTEM IN ORTHODONTICS THERAPIES, according to claim 1, characterized in that the means comprising the articulated structure constituting the fixing device (23) that allow its fixation to the teeth consist of a plate (30), and the means that allow to fix and direct the screwdriver at a specific point and with a specific inclination with which to proceed to the microimplant threading consist of a cylindrical element or tube (31); and because said articulated structure
(23) comprende un doble cilindro articulado (24), cuyas respectivas partes(23) comprises a double articulated cylinder (24), whose respective parts
(24a) y (24b), giran en sentido axial independientemente una de Ia otra quedando bloqueadas mediante el accionamiento de una palanca de bloqueo (25), y de las que dimanan perpendicularmente sendos segmentos tubulares (26) y (27), que cubren respectivas uniones articuladas de bola (28) y (29), incorporando en sus extremos distales Ia pletina (30) y el tubo (31 ) respectivamente.(24a) and (24b), rotate axially independently of each other being locked by actuating a locking lever (25), and from which perpendicularly two tubular segments (26) and (27), which cover respective articulated ball joints (28) and (29), incorporating at its distal ends the plate (30) and the tube (31) respectively.
6.- SISTEMA DE ANCLAJE ESQUELÉTICO APLICABLE EN6.- APPLICABLE SKELETIC ANCHORAGE SYSTEM IN
TERAPIAS DE ORTODÓNCIA, según Ia reivindicación 1 , caracterizadoORTHODONTICS THERAPIES, according to claim 1, characterized
HOJA DE SUSTITUCIÓN (REGLA 26) por el hecho de que Ia parte interna (34) de Ia herramienta destornillador (32) está constituida por un cuerpo aproximadamente cilindrico (35), dotado de una parte superior o mango (36), de configuración más ancha y ergonómica, y una parte inferior tubular (37), de cuyo extremo distal dimana solidariamente un vastago (38) estrecho y rectilíneo apto para encajar y recibir Ia parte superior de Ia cabeza a colocar; y porque Ia parte externa (33) de dicha herramienta destornillador (32) consiste en un cuerpo que discurre axialmente por Ia parte interior (34), formado por un aro o anillo superior (39) y un círculo o tapa inferior (40), ambos de dimensiones ligeramente superiores a las del cuerpo cilindrico (35) y del tubular (37) de Ia parte interior (34), los cuales, anillo (39) y tapa inferior (40) se encuentran unidos solidariamente por respectivas varillas laterales (41 ), rectilíneas y paralelas, existiendo en Ia parte central de Ia tapa inferior (40) un estrecho cuerpo tubular (42) solidario a ella y que dimana perpendicularmente, cuyas dimensiones son adecuadas para encajar en el microtornillo (2) y a Ia vez recibir en su interior el vastago (38) rectilíneo de Ia parte interior (34) de forma que pueda discurrir por su interior.SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) due to the fact that the internal part (34) of the screwdriver tool (32) is constituted by an approximately cylindrical body (35), provided with a top or handle (36), with a wider and more ergonomic configuration, and a part tubular lower part (37), from whose distal end, a narrow and rectilinear rod (38) is able to fit and fit the upper part of the head to be placed; and because the outer part (33) of said screwdriver tool (32) consists of a body that runs axially through the inner part (34), formed by an upper ring or ring (39) and a circle or lower cover (40), both of dimensions slightly larger than those of the cylindrical body (35) and the tubular (37) of the inner part (34), which, ring (39) and lower cover (40) are jointly joined by respective lateral rods (41 ), rectilinear and parallel, there being in the central part of the lower cover (40) a narrow tubular body (42) integral to it and which flows perpendicularly, whose dimensions are suitable to fit in the micro-screw (2) and at the same time receive in inside the rectilinear stem (38) of the inner part (34) so that it can run inside.
HOJA DE SUSTITUCIÓN (REGLA 26) SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)
PCT/ES2007/000636 2006-11-08 2007-11-08 Skeletal anchorage system for use in orthodontic therapies WO2008056015A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES200602839A ES2299387B1 (en) 2006-11-08 2006-11-08 PLATE APPLICABLE TO SKELETTIC ANCHORAGE SYSTEMS, ADAPTABLE TO TWO OR MORE MICROIMPLANTS.
ES200602838A ES2299386B1 (en) 2006-11-08 2006-11-08 ADAPTABLE MICROIMPLANT, APPLICABLE TO ESKELETIC ANCHORAGE SYSTEMS.
ESP200602839 2006-11-08
ESP200602838 2006-11-08
ESP200603006 2006-11-24
ES200603006A ES2300213B1 (en) 2006-11-24 2006-11-24 FIXING DEVICE FOR PLACEMENT OF MICROIMPLANTS.
ES200602746U ES1064467Y (en) 2006-12-21 2006-12-21 APPLICABLE SCREWDRIVER IN ORAL SURGERY
ESU200602746 2006-12-21

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