WO2008045042A1 - Seringue de distribution de dose séquentielle à chambres multiples - Google Patents

Seringue de distribution de dose séquentielle à chambres multiples Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008045042A1
WO2008045042A1 PCT/US2006/039576 US2006039576W WO2008045042A1 WO 2008045042 A1 WO2008045042 A1 WO 2008045042A1 US 2006039576 W US2006039576 W US 2006039576W WO 2008045042 A1 WO2008045042 A1 WO 2008045042A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
chamber
valve
stopper
disposed
fluid
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2006/039576
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Gale H. Thorne, Jr
Nestor Rodriguez San Juan
Michael W. Howlett
Bradley Carling Robinson
Gale H. Thorne
Original Assignee
Infusive Technologies, Llc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Infusive Technologies, Llc filed Critical Infusive Technologies, Llc
Priority to BRPI0622171-8A priority Critical patent/BRPI0622171A2/pt
Priority to CA002665697A priority patent/CA2665697A1/fr
Priority to PCT/US2006/039576 priority patent/WO2008045042A1/fr
Publication of WO2008045042A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008045042A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/315—Pistons; Piston-rods; Guiding, blocking or restricting the movement of the rod or piston; Appliances on the rod for facilitating dosing ; Dosing mechanisms
    • A61M5/31511—Piston or piston-rod constructions, e.g. connection of piston with piston-rod
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M2005/1787—Syringes for sequential delivery of fluids, e.g. first medicament and then flushing liquid
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M2005/3128—Incorporating one-way valves, e.g. pressure-relief or non-return valves
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/315—Pistons; Piston-rods; Guiding, blocking or restricting the movement of the rod or piston; Appliances on the rod for facilitating dosing ; Dosing mechanisms
    • A61M5/31511—Piston or piston-rod constructions, e.g. connection of piston with piston-rod
    • A61M2005/31516—Piston or piston-rod constructions, e.g. connection of piston with piston-rod reducing dead-space in the syringe barrel after delivery
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/315—Pistons; Piston-rods; Guiding, blocking or restricting the movement of the rod or piston; Appliances on the rod for facilitating dosing ; Dosing mechanisms
    • A61M5/31511—Piston or piston-rod constructions, e.g. connection of piston with piston-rod
    • A61M2005/31523—Piston or piston-rod constructions, e.g. connection of piston with piston-rod for reducing reflux
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/28—Syringe ampoules or carpules, i.e. ampoules or carpules provided with a needle
    • A61M5/285—Syringe ampoules or carpules, i.e. ampoules or carpules provided with a needle with sealing means to be broken or opened
    • A61M5/286—Syringe ampoules or carpules, i.e. ampoules or carpules provided with a needle with sealing means to be broken or opened upon internal pressure increase, e.g. pierced or burst
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/315—Pistons; Piston-rods; Guiding, blocking or restricting the movement of the rod or piston; Appliances on the rod for facilitating dosing ; Dosing mechanisms
    • A61M5/31596—Pistons; Piston-rods; Guiding, blocking or restricting the movement of the rod or piston; Appliances on the rod for facilitating dosing ; Dosing mechanisms comprising means for injection of two or more media, e.g. by mixing

Definitions

  • This invention relates to multi-chamber syringes and, in particular, to syringes which dispense fluid from each chamber sequentially.
  • Multi-chamber syringes in various forms are well known. Commonly, multi-chamber syringes are offered for use as mixing syringes and for sequential delivery of disparate fluids, maintaining the fluids as disparate entities until delivered. Mixing syringes most often provide features for mixing contents of the chambers and for delivering the mixed fluids simultaneously. Though this invention may utilize a mixing syringe within one or more chambers, the invention, itself, is independent of methods of mixing which may be utilized in mixing syringes.
  • each serial delivery syringe chambers are separated by an intermediate sliding stopper which receives motive force communicated through an intermediate fluid from a primary stopper which is part of a plunger assembly against which an external force is applied.
  • each intermediate stopper must provide a fluid-tight seal until all fluid from a distal chamber is evacuated from the syringe. Once the distal chamber of the syringe is so purged, that intermediate stopper must be breached or bypassed to permit dispensing of the contents of a proximal or intermediate chamber.
  • An example of a multi-chamber syringe is provided in U.S.
  • Vietnameser teaches a distortable piston which is used as the intermediate stopper.
  • the piston of Vietnameser collapses upon contact with a distal end of a syringe to provide a fluid pathway to dispense contents from the intermediate chamber.
  • a deformable piston, having a hollow portion such as the stopper of Vietnameser would not have zero dead space.
  • filling procedures for contents of the proximal chamber may permit a quantity of air (or other gas) to be trapped therein. It may be noted that even if such gas is not trapped during filling, free gas may be found in the proximal chamber simply as a result of out-gassing.
  • Vietnameser does not teach a way of purging the proximal chamber of gas or of containing any gas in the proximal chamber while only dispensing liquid therefrom, making such a system unacceptable for use in directly administering intravenous liquid medications to a patient.
  • assembly n a device which is made from at least two interconnected parts
  • barrel n a cylindrical elongated portion of a syringe which is conventionally open on one end to receive a plunger and stem used for displacing fluid within the barrel and partially closed at an opposite end except for an orifice through which fluid is ejected or aspirated bi-stable adj : a descriptor for a device having two stable states clinch n: a structure or device which acts upon a part to clamp it closed while in contact therewith conventional adj: a sanctioned by general custom; i.e.
  • a hemisphere downstream adj a direction which is consistent with flow out of a syringe or away from a user fluid
  • n a substance (e.g. a liquid or gas) which tends to take the shape of a container front adj/n: distally disposed or a distally disposed site (e.g.
  • a front of a syringe comprises the barrel orifice) gas n: a fluid which is neither solid nor liquid gas separator n: a liquid filter which inhibits gas flowing there through liquid n: a fluid which is neither solid nor gaseous, free flowing like water non-planar adj : not planar in a resting or stable state medial adj: occurring away from an outer edge; disposed near the center of (e.g.
  • P d n pressure in a distal chamber plunger n: a portion of a syringe piston apparatus usually affixed to a syringe stem which is used to displace fluid within a syringe barrel prime v: to fill liquid into a cavity generally by removing air therefrom (e.g. priming a gas separator)
  • P p n pressure in a proximal chamber proximal adj : opposite of distal (e.g. a term which depicts placement nearer than a reference point) rear adj: opposite from front (i.e. generally associated with a part of a syringe barrel which is proximal to a syringe user) reflux n: a type of undesired retrograde (upstream) flow of liquid (e.g. blood) into a catheter or the like from a vessel in which the catheter or the like resides separator n: a liquid filter which impedes passage of air as liquid flows through the separator stiction n: a special case of friction; stiction being the force required to initiate motion to a resting body, esp.
  • proximal adj opposite of distal (e.g. a term which depicts placement nearer than a reference point)
  • rear adj opposite from front (i.e. generally associated with a part of a syringe barrel which is proximal
  • the stopper contains a self-actuating bi-stable valve syringe n: a device used for injecting or withdrawing fluids upstream adj : a direction which is against the direction of flow from a syringe (opposite of downstream)
  • the currently preferred embodiment of this novel invention alleviates all known problems related to providing an effective multi-chamber, sequential dose dispensing syringe.
  • the invention involves a stopper assembly which is disposed to operate within a conventional, substantially constant diameter syringe barrel to separate a distal chamber from a proximal chamber. Before dispensing, the distal chamber generally contains a first volume of liquid. The proximal chamber contains a disparate second volume of fluid. A closed valve in the stopper assembly keeps the contents of each chamber separate from the other.
  • the stopper assembly comprises two elements, a valved stopper and a stopper stabilizer and gas separator (referenced hereafter as a "separator") .
  • the valved stopper contains a valve mechanism which is only actuated to open after the stopper is displaced to collide with an associated distal end of the syringe (or another stop within the syringe) in which the stopper assembly is disposed.
  • action upon a plunger associated with the syringe communicates through the second volume of fluid to displace a stopper assembly to the syringe end, open the valve thereby dispensing liquid from the distal chamber.
  • a positive differential pressure across the stopper assembly resulting from force against the syringe stem causes the valve to be opened.
  • the valve assembly comprises a bi-stable valve structure, the valve itself being characterized as a slit valve.
  • a stopper assembly according to this instant invention operates in an unmodified standard or conventional syringe barrel, requiring no unconventional barrel features. Examples of some previously cited special features which may be placed in modified syringe barrels are found in Barelle and Hagashikawa. Note that bi-stable action of the valve provides for syringe operation only after valve opening which mimics in all ways operation of a conventional syringe. Also, with the valve remaining in an open state after pressure is removed from the proximal chamber, any residual pressure associated with stored energy within the proximal chamber acts against reflexive flow, to thereby oppose reflux in an attached catheter or other dispensing tube.
  • Selective opening of the valve is based upon a common geometry of most, currently commercially available conventional syringe barrels. All such syringe barrels have a substantially constant diameter hollow barrel abruptly closed at a distally disposed inner surface. Distally, the inner surface commonly comprises a centrally disposed orifice through which fluid is dispensed from the barrel. Generally, a plunger, with an associated stopper affixed thereto, is provided for forced displacement of fluid through the barrel and orifice.
  • the stopper assembly valve must open only upon being displaced to its most distal site in contact with the distal end of the syringe barrel (a stop) .
  • the stopper assembly comprises a structure which is affected by collision between a surface at that distal site (the stop) and, then, reacts to open the valve when additional pressure is forced upon the valve.
  • the separator is preferably- disposed and structured to act as a clinch, applying a closing, supporting force upon the valve until the valve is displaced from the clinch by a downstream-directed positive differential force across the valve.
  • the separator To assure effective clinching support by the separator prior to opening the valve, the separator must be securely connected to the valved stopper and be displaced as the valved stopper is displaced.
  • displacement of a substantially incompressible fluid in a proximal chamber of a syringe barrel interposed between a combination of a proximally disposed syringe stem and associated plunger and a distally disposed valve assembly results in like displacement of the valve assembly as the stem and associated plunger are displaced.
  • the valved stopper and separator of the instant invention therefore, comprise an interlocking interface which causes the separator to be securely affixed to the valved stopper and to be jointly displaced as the stem stopper is displaced.
  • a valve assembly should operate to impede retraction of fluid at the end of such dispensing or at completion of a dispensing operation.
  • a valve disposed within the valved stopper must be self actuating and, once open must either close without drawing fluid back into the syringe or remain open to assure that no reflux occurs. Therefore, it is preferred that a valve disposed in the stopper assembly be bi-stable. (i.e. the valve must be stable in the closed state until forced open and be disposed to remain in a stable open state, once opened.)
  • such a valve is non-planar (e.g. the valve structure may be dome shaped).
  • the valve structure may be dome shaped.
  • care must be taken to assure that displacement of the valve upon switching does not collide with the front inner surface of the associated syringe to thereby make switching and opening of the valve difficult.
  • Non-planar or dome valves are well known, especially for self closing food containers.
  • U.S. Patent 5,213,236 issued May 25, 1993 to Paul E. Brown, et al. (Brown) discloses a slit valve having a rotating hinge.
  • Brown discloses a slit valve which is opened by pressure applied to an associated container and which is self closing when pressure is taken from the container.
  • the slit valve must only open when the valve assembly collides with the distal inner surface of the associated syringe or stop. In all other cases, until so opened, the valve must remain securely closed.
  • the separator which is securely affixed to the valved stopper and thereat disposed about the valve slit as a clinch, preferably comprises a set of ribs which cooperate to provide clinching support for the valve about the slit.
  • the valve assembly comprises a liquid filter which is interposed across fluid flow through the valve to act as a gas separator.
  • the gas separator is formed in a centrally disposed portion of a a separator body which may be made as a hollow frustoconical shape, being open at the bottom.
  • a series of small, closely spaced holes are dispersed about the conical sides of the separator body.
  • the top (proximal face) of the frustoconical or thimble shaped body is closed except for at least one hole which provides a sufficiently large exit to permit purging of gas from the separator and delivery of at least part of the liquid from the proximal chamber therethrough.
  • the bottom of the separator is open and disposed distally toward the valved stopper to contact the inner surface of the stopper about the slit.
  • An outwardly projecting rim about the bottom of the separator provides an interlocking surface for a complimentary groove molded into the valved stopper about the slit.
  • the body of the separator is provided with sufficient radially extending appendages to inhibit valved stopper canting.
  • the valve assembly may be made from only two parts.
  • the valved stopper may be molded from flexible synthetic resinous material, consistent with material used in plunger stoppers.
  • the separator may be injection molded from semi-rigid synthetic resinous material which is non-interactive with solutions stored in the proximal chamber. Such a material may ⁇ be polypropylene and may be the same material used in an associated syringe barrel.
  • valve assembly cost A critical factor in a valve assembly used in multi- chamber syringes is assembly cost. Such assembly should be uncomplicated and easily automated. For this reason, structure and function of the valved stopper and separator are sufficiently independent that the separator can be affixed to the valved stopper in any angular orientation relative to the plane of a slit in the valved stopper.
  • a very toxic liquid e.g. chemotherapy agents
  • a very toxic liquid e.g. chemotherapy agents
  • a buffer may be provided in the distal chamber near the distal syringe orifice.
  • a novel addition to a multi-chamber syringe in the form of a tube set provides such a buffer.
  • the tubing set comprises an elongated tube having a syringe connector (such as a luer fitting) on a proximal end and a gas separator assembly on the distal end.
  • the tube is mostly filled with a buffer liquid, the liquid being separated from contents of the distal chamber of the syringe by a trapped air bubble.
  • the gas separator assembly comprises a separator component to trap and filter out the air bubble and a fitting (such as a luer fitting) for connecting to downstream patient lines. mary, the valve assembly:
  • a closed, bi-stable valve which is opened only after collision between the valve assembly and inner surface of the distal end of the syringe and which remains in an open state once opened.
  • valved stopper/separator interface which acts as a clinch to maintain a slit of the valved stopper closed until opened at the distal end of the syringe.
  • valve assembly which partitions a conventional commercial syringe to make a multi-chamber syringe.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective of an exemplary commercial syringe with a plunger and stopper assembly disposed within the barrel of the syringe (prior art) .
  • Figure IA is a section of the syringe seen in Figure 1 taken along lines IA-IA (prior art) .
  • Figure 2 is a section of a syringe, similar to the section seen in Figure IA, but with a valve assembly, as disclosed in Howlett, distally disposed relative to a plunger and stopper similar to the plunger and stopper of the syringe of Figure 1.
  • Figure 2A is a magnified portion, taken along lines 2A- 2A, of the syringe seen in Figure 2.
  • Figure 3 is a perspective of the valve assembly seen in the syringe barrel in Figure 2.
  • Figure 4 is an exploded view of the valve assembly seen in Figure 3 showing a valved stopper apart from a valve actuator.
  • Figure 5 is a perspective of the valved stopper, seen in Figure 4, rotated such that the distal side of a slit valve is seen.
  • Figure 6 is a perspective of a valved stopper, which is similar to the valved stopper seen in Figure 5, but rotated such that the proximal side of the valve is seen.
  • Figure 7 is a perspective of a valved stopper of the currently preferred embodiment disposed to present a distal face of the valved stopper.
  • Figure 8 is a perspective to the valved stopper seen in Figure 7, the valve being rotated to present a proximal view.
  • Figure 9 is a side elevation of the valved stopper seen in Figures 7 and 8.
  • Figure 10 is a cross-section of the valved stopper seen in Figure 9.
  • Figure 1OA is a graphical representation of critical operating pressures related to distal displacement and opening of a valve in a valve assembly.
  • Figure 1OB is a graphical representation of critical operating pressures related to proximal displacement and opening of a valve in a valve assembly.
  • Figure 11 is a perspective of a gas separator assembly disposed such that the rear of distal end is seen.
  • Figure 12 is a rear elevation of the gas separator assembly seen in Figure 11.
  • Figure 13 is a perspective of the gas separator assembly seen in Figure 11, but rotated such that the front or proximal end is seen.
  • Figure 14 is a front elevation of the gas separator assembly seen in Figure 13.
  • Figure 15 is a section of the gas separator assembly seen in Figure 13, the section being taken across two medially disposed ribs of the separator.
  • Figure 16 is a side view of a portion of a syringe in which a valve assembly, constructed from the gas separator assembly seen in Figure 15 and the valved stopper (in cross section) seen in Figure 9, is disposed.
  • Figure 17 is a side view of the valve assembly seen in
  • Figure 16 with a valve portion of the valved stopper seen in a first bi-stable or closed state.
  • Figure 18 is a side view of the portion of the syringe and valve assembly seen in Figure 16, but with a valve portion of the valved stopper seen in a second bi-stable or open state.
  • Figure 19 is a side schematic view of a multi-chamber syringe fabricated according to the instant invention disclosed wherein is seen a valve assembly separating a filled proximal chamber from an empty distal chamber.
  • Figure 19A is a side schematic view of the multi-chamber syringe seen in Figure 19 with the valve assembly disposed in contact with an distal inner surface of a conventional syringe.
  • Figure 19B is a side schematic view of the multi-chamber syringe seen in Figures 19 and 20 with liquid disposed in the distal chamber of the syringe.
  • Figure 20 is a side schematic view of the multi-chamber syringe seen in Figure 19B with the valve assembly disposed against the distal inner surface of the syringe.
  • Figure 2OA is a side schematic view of the multi-chamber syringe seen in Figure 20 with a valve of the valved assembly disposed in an open state.
  • Figure 2OB is a side schematic view of the multi-chamber syringe seen in Figure 20 with a valve of the valved assembly disposed in an open state and liquid dispensed from the proximal chamber.
  • Figure 21 is a lateral schematic view of the syringe seen in Figure 2OB.
  • Figure 22 is a lateral schematic view of the syringe seen in Figure 21 with a tube attached and a drop of liquid being emitted from a distal end of the tube.
  • Figure 23 is a side schematic of a multi-chamber syringe with an attached tubing set which contains an additional liquid chamber, liquid in the chamber being maintained disparate from liquid in the distal chamber by a gas bubble.
  • Figure 24 is a side schematic of a multi-chamber syringe wherein an elongated barrel of the syringe comprises two sections, a proximal section being of larger diameter than the distal section, and a valve assembly disposed in the distal section to divide a proximal chamber from a distal chamber.
  • Figure 24A is a side schematic of the multi-chamber syringe seen in Figure 24 with liquid being disposed in each chamber.
  • Figure 24B is a side schematic of the multi-chamber syringe seen in Figure 24 with liquid having been dispensed from the distal chamber.
  • Figure 24C is side schematic of the multi-chamber syringe seen in Figure 24 with a valve of the valve assembly disposed in an open state and with liquid dispensed from the proximal chamber.
  • Figure 25 is a schematic showing a plurality of syringes oriented in a plurality of multi-chamber syringes demonstrating multi-chamber syringes made in accordance with the instant invention may be used in any position relative to gravitational pull.
  • syringes Prior art syringes (as exemplified by syringe 10) in Figures 1 and IA, are available from a large number of commercial companies worldwide.
  • Such syringes typically comprise an elongated hollow syringe barrel 20 which is open at a proximal end 22 to receive a syringe plunger 30 and stopper 40 and closed at a distal end 42 about a fluid transmission orifice 44.
  • barrel 20 is of substantially constant diameter (within tolerances allowed by manufacturing methods, such as by injection molding for barrels made from synthetic resinous materials) .
  • Stopper 40 is compressible and sufficiently elastic when compressed to provide an efficient wiping action along the length of an internal cylindrical surface 46 of barrel 20.
  • a valve assembly 50 (according to Howlett) is inserted into barrel 20 to divide space within barrel 20 into a proximal chamber 60 and a distal chamber 70.
  • each chamber, 60 and 70 may be filled with a volume of fluid, 72 and 74, respectively.
  • a volume of fluid which should be mostly an incompressible liquid
  • displacement of stopper 40 results in substantially the same displacement of valve assembly 50.
  • fluid 72 disposed in chamber 60 is trapped and may contain a small bubble of gas, numbered 76, (which is likely air) associated with other liquid 78 also contained therein.
  • Such gas 76 may be inadvertently trapped therein during filling or may be the result of outgassing or other gas producing phenomena following insertion of stopper 40 into barrel 20. In any event, such gas must be seriously considered and dealt with when such a device is used to dispense liquid to a patient to assure gas (air) is not injected into a patient line.
  • valve assembly 50 As disclosed in Howlett, a valve assembly 50, apart from a barrel 20, is seen in Figure 3. Although more parts may be used in a valve assembly made according to the instant invention, valve assembly 50 comprises just two parts, a valved stopper 80 and a valve actuator 90. Note that valved stopper 80 has a hollow cylindrical well 92 into which valve actuator 90 is displaced for use.
  • valved stopper 80 has an outer cylindrical wall 94 which has a pattern of annular grooves, generally numbered 96, to facilitate sealingly wiping of inner surface 46 of barrel 20 as valve assembly 50 is displaced therealong (see Figure 2A) .
  • valved stopper 80 comprises a plurality of grooves disposition and purpose of which are disclosed in detail in the original patent application from which this application continues-in- part .
  • valve actuator 90 comprises a proximal stabilizing disk 100, a medially disposed stabilizing plate 110, a pair of actuator arms, 120 and 120', a medially disposed support body 130, into which is formed a gas separator vessel 140 and an annular connecting lip 150.
  • vessel 140 is penetrated by a plurality of holes 270*.
  • Valve actuator 90 is displaced into well 92 as indicated by dashed ⁇ lines 152 and 152' .
  • Distal end 154 of valve assembly 50 is seen in Figure 5.
  • a slit 160 which is medially disposed through a distal wall 162 of valved stopper 80.
  • Slit 160 is formed as a closed valve which remains fluid tight until selectively opened by the action of arms 120 and 120' as disclosed in detail in Howlett.
  • special manufacturing methods as also disclosed in Howlett, are required.
  • a distal surface disposed annular ring 330 which raises that surface to collide with the inner surface of the distal end 42 of syringe 10. Greater detail of construction of well 92 is seen in
  • Valved stopper 80 has a plurality of grooves and associated slots, each of which serve a specific purpose. However, there are no grooves for rim 172 of disk 100 and outer edges 182 and 182' of plate 110. (See Figure 4.) Such grooves would impede distal displacement of valve actuator 90 within valve stopper 80. Such distal displacement is necessary for valve action, as is disclosed in detail in Howlett.
  • a groove 190 (see Figure 6) coincides with protrusions 192 and 192' of arms 120 and 120' (see Figure 4), respectively.
  • annular slotted groove 210 is also disposed on the inner side 202 of distal wall 162 to coincide with annular connecting lip 150, also seen in Figure 4.
  • annular connecting lip 150 also seen in Figure 4.
  • the part associated with gas separation of the currently preferred embodiment is more easily molded, the slit is more easily made, separate from other manufacturing procedures, in the valved stopper and the two parts are more easily assembled because there is no specific angular orientation of the gas separator relative to the slit.
  • valve assembly 550 is seen disposed within a portion 552 of a barrel 20 of a syringe 10.
  • syringe 10 ends in a surface or stop 554 having a predetermined concave or frustoconical shape 556 and a medially disposed orifice 44 through which fluid flows (see also Figures 1 and 2) .
  • valve assembly 550 comprises a valved stopper 580 and a liquid filter or gas separator, generally referenced as separator 590.
  • separator 590 As seen in Figure 7, valved stopper 580, comprises a distal surface 592 and an outer cylindrical wall 594.
  • Wall 594 has a pattern of annular grooves, generally numbered 596, to facilitate sealingly wiping of inner surface 46 of barrel 20 as valve assembly 550 is displaced through barrel 20 (See Figure 16.).
  • Distal surface 592 comprises an outer facing ring 598 and a recessed medial portion 600.
  • Outer facing ring 598 is preferably contoured to conform to an inner distal surface or stop 554 of distal end 42 of syringe 10.
  • Recessed medial portion 600 (see Figure 7) is bounded by a cylindrical wall 602, an annular hinge 604, peripherally affixed to wall 602, and a medially disposed, non-planar valve 610 affixed to an inner portion of hinge 604. On a distal surface 612, a portion of a planar slit 620 is seen to be medially disposed in valve 610.
  • a Self-actuating Valved Stopper Valved stopper 580 is rotated in Figure 8 to reveal a hollow cylindrical inner core 622, a distal interior surface 624 of valve 610, a portion of annular hinge 604 which circumscribes valve 610 and an annular groove 630, the purpose for which is disclosed in detail hereafter. Exterior shape and form of valved stopper 580 are seen in Figure 9. Note frustoconical shape of surface 598, which is shaped to conform with contour of inner surface 554 of distal end 42 of syringe 10 to minimize dead space.
  • valved stopper 580 A cross section of valved stopper 580 is seen in Figure 10 to be disposed within a section 632 of a barrel 20.
  • valved stopper 580 divides space in barrel 20 into a proximal chamber 60 and a distal chamber 70.
  • a pressure resident in chamber 60 is represented by P p .
  • a pressure resident in chamber 70 is represented by P d .
  • P p the pressure resident in chamber 60
  • P d the non-zero pressure gradient
  • ⁇ P the non-zero pressure gradient
  • ⁇ P the resulting motive force upon proximally facing surfaces 636 of valved stopper urges valved stopper 580 toward end surface 554.
  • stopper 580 is displaceable within barrel 20, P p and the associated ⁇ P is effectively limited when ⁇ P produces a force across surfaces 636 which overcomes friction (and stiction) to displace stopper 580. Note that, if a valve in Stopper 580 is also opened by a predetermined ⁇ P, a force which overcomes friction to displace stopper 580 must be less than the force which results in opening a valve disposed in valve stopper 580.
  • stopper 580 comprises a medially disposed, dome-shaped valve 640.
  • Valve 640 is affixed to the remaining body 642 of stopper 580 via an annular hinge 650. It should be noted that, while valve 640 is hemispherical in shape, any valve shape which remains closed at a ⁇ P which displaces stopper 580 distally and which opens at a greater ⁇ P may be used within the scope of the invention. Such valves are usually non-planar. Further, as is disclosed in detail hereafter, there are important reasons for such a valve to remain open (be bi-stable) once being opened.
  • valve 640 has a proximal surface 660 having a radius of curvature 662, a distal surface 670 having a radius of curvature 672 and a medially disposed slit 680.
  • Hinge 650 has a thickened portion 682 where hinge 650 is affixed to remaining body 642 of stopper 580 and a thinned portion 684 where hinge 650 is affixed to valve €40. Thicknesses of hinge 650 and valve 640 determine ⁇ P necessary to open valve 640.
  • a valve assembly may be manufactured wherein the diameter of the stopper is increased to a diameter four percent grater than the internal barrel diameter.
  • the proximal surface radius 662 may be approximately .25 inches. Thickness of the wall between surfaces 662 and 672 would be nominally .040 inches, although a variance of .012 may be allowed. Thickness of thickened portion 682 of annular hinge 650 was approximately .100 inches. Thickness of thinned portion 684 may be nominally .060 inches. Slit 680 is nominally approximately .160 inches.
  • Figure 1OA provides a graph o of a positive ⁇ P versus displacement of stopper 580 in a barrel 20.
  • Zero (0) marks an initial stationary point of stopper 580 relative to a point of collision (C) between stopper 580 and surface or stop 554 (see Figure 18) .
  • Dashed line 690 represents a pressure differential necessary to overcome friction (and stiction) to displace stopper 580.
  • a second dashed line 692 represents a ⁇ P which forces valve 640 open.
  • Solid line 694 is an example of ⁇ P as stopper 580 traverses through barrel 20.
  • ⁇ P 694 is substantially constant until collision between stopper 580 and surface 554 when ⁇ P 694 rises sharply to opening pressure differential 692, then falls rapidly as released flow decreases chamber 60 pressure. Note that any collision with a stop within barrel 20 would result in such a rise in ⁇ P.
  • FIG. 18 An opened valve 640 is seen in Figure 18. Note that, once valve 640 is forced to an open state, surfaces 660 and 670 are turned inside out (inverted) . Surface 670, having the smaller radius of curvature of the two surfaces, tends to open slit 680 when dome-shaped valve 640 is inverted. The combination of inherent locking nature of the inverted surfaces and force imposed by annular hinge 650 tends to hold valve 640 in the open state providing a bi-stable valve which is maintained in an open state, once opened. Such a state has a definite advantage in IV therapy and is disclosed in detail hereafter.
  • valved stopper has been made and tested by West Pharmaceutical Services, 101 Gordon Drive, PO Box 645, Lionville, PA 19341. As earlier disclosed, these valved stoppers were made with a diameter which is approximately four percent larger than an inner diameter of a 20 ml syringe barrel in which they were disposed. With such a design, pressure to slide a siliconized stopper was in the range of 2.4 to 5.6 pounds (generally about three to four pounds) . Pressures to open the valved stoppers ranged from 12.50 to 22.2 pounds. While such pressure ranges may vary due to size and material factors, these pressures may be considered representative of pressure differentials evidenced in valve actuation. Material used in stoppers associated with these tests was West Formulation 4023/50 Gray.
  • a negative ⁇ P as indicated by- dashed line 696 may be commonly disposed across valve 640 (as an example to fill chamber 70) . Ballooning, opening an unclinched slit 680, may commonly occur at a smaller negative ⁇ P, indicated by dashed line 698.
  • a restraint must be disposed about surface 660 in the form of a clinch to maintain slit 680 closed.
  • a separator component (generally referenced separator 700) having a clinch, as seen in detail in Figures 11-15, is firmly affixed to stopper 580 about valve 640.
  • a Separator, Stabilizer and Clinch Separator 700 is similar to actuator 90 (see Figure 4) .
  • separator 700 is not required to comprise arms 120 and 120' because stopper valve 640 is self-actuating and is inherently bi-stable.
  • a set of orthogonally disposed wings, generally numbered 710 are proximally disposed on a frustoconically shaped body 712 of separator 700 to provide stabilizing support when separator 700 is affixed to stopper 580 and disposed in a barrel 20. These wings 710 replace disk 100 and plate 110 of actuator 90 (see Figure 4) .
  • Holes 270' and 270" provide a low resistance pathway for liquid and a much higher resistance pathway for gas (air) , thereby forming an effective liquid filter, filtering gas from dispensed liquid as do holes 270' of actuator 90.
  • separator 700 On a distal side 714 of body 712 (see Figure 11) separator 700 has an open throat 716. Disposed about throat 716 is a structure which forms an annular lip 720 (see Figure 11) . Referring once more to Figure 10, stopper 580 is seen to have annular groove 730 disposed about dome valve 640. Lip 720 (see Figure 11) and groove 730 comprise complementary shapes such that lip 720 fits into groove 730 to securely and sealingly affix separator 700 to stopper 640 to form, a valve assembly 740 (see Figures 16-18) .
  • body 712 comprises a plurality of medially directed ribs, generally numbered 750.
  • Each distal surface 752 of each rib 750 comprises a curvature which is similar in size and radius of curvature of exterior surface 660 (see Figure 10) .
  • surfaces 752 each have a sufficiently smaller radius of curvature 754 (see Figure 15) than radius of curvature 660 to act as a clinch against proximal surface 624 of domed valve 610.
  • ribs 750 form a clinch 780 (see Figure 15) which acts to maintain slit 680 (see Figure 10) in a closed state when separator 700 is affixed to valved stopper 640 and a ⁇ P across dome valve 640 is negative.
  • a Valve Assembly Valve assembly 740 may be seen in various dispositions in Figures 16-18 with separator 700 securely affixed to valved stopper 640. In Figure 17, separator 700 is shown as transparent, permitting dome valve 640 to be clearly seen. In Figure 16, valve assembly 740 is disposed proximally apart from surface 554 such that slit 680 (see Figure 17) remains closed keeping fluids residing in chambers 60 and 70 disparate.
  • valve assembly 740 is disposed against a stop provided by surface 554 with sufficient force being exerted upon an associated plunger to create a sufficiently large positive ⁇ P to invert dome valve 640 and open slit 680. Note that indentation of dome valve
  • valve 640 a distance defined by the width of wall 602 (see Figures 8 and 18), permits valve 640 to bulge outward upon opening without conflicting with surface 554.
  • valve assembly 740 in a syringe 10 are seen in Figures 19, 19A-B, 20 and 20A-B. As seen in
  • valve assembly 740 is disposed to divide syringe 10 into two disparate chambers 60 and 70.
  • a fluid comprising mostly liquid is disposed in chamber 60 while chamber 70 is empty.
  • a plunger 30 is displaced distally to likewise displace valve assembly 740 to empty chamber 70.
  • valve 640 (see in Figure 17) remains closed as tactile and visual senses permit valve assembly 740 to be displaced to completely empty chamber 70 without activating (opening) valve 640.
  • plunger 30 is displaced proximally to withdraw liquid 790 into chamber 70, just as might be done with a conventional syringe without a valve assembly 740.
  • valve assembly 740 dispense liquid 790 from chamber 70 (see Figure 19, as chamber 70 is totally evacuated in
  • a syringe 10 with a valve assembly 740 may be dispensed per the arrows, generally numbered 794 seen in Figures 19, 19A-B, 20 and 20A-B in any orientation relative to gravitational attraction without dispensing undesirable portions of gas 76 from chamber 60.
  • FIG. 21 A magnified and rotated view of syringe 10 and contents seen in Figure 2OB is seen in Figure 21. It is important to note that plunger 30 has a catch 796 which inhibits plunger 30 from contacting valve assembly 740, thereby leaving a fluid buffer 798 disposed between plunger 30 and valve assembly 740. Due to contents of elastic material (e.g. gas or a rubber stopper of plunger 30) and due to valve 640 remaining in a bi-stable state whenever plunger 30 stops, a small positive flow continues to be dispensed from syringe 10. There is no negative flow allowed due to memory of the elastic material. For this reason, rather than reflux flow into a connected line 800, seen in Figure 22, a small amount of liquid (seen as droplet 802) continues to be dispensed each time plunger 30 stops after valve 640 is open.
  • elastic material e.g. gas or a rubber stopper of plunger 30
  • a Three Chamber Multi-chamber Syringe Set According to the Instant Invention
  • a toxic medicine 810 from chamber 70 of a multi- chamber syringe made from a syringe 10 and valve assembly 740.
  • any contact through orifice 44 could be dangerous to a clinician or care giver.
  • a combination 820 for such a purpose is seen in Figure 23.
  • Combination 820 includes a syringe 10 and a valve assembly 740 which divides barrel 20 into chambers 60 and 70.
  • Syringe 10 is connected to a tubing set 830 comprising an elongated tubing shown in two parts 832 and 834 connected by a dashed line 836 for clarity of presentation.
  • a buffer solution 840 which is hazard free is disposed within tubing set 830 such that any initial fluid dispensed from combination 820 will not be dangerous.
  • a gas (air) bubble 850 is disposed in a proximal portion of tubing set 830. It is well known in fluid processing art that such an air bubble will keep liquid, on opposite sides of the air bubble, disparate, thereby maintaining integrity of contents of chamber 70. Of course, gas (air) should not be dispensed from combination 820.
  • an additional liquid filter 700' having similar filtering holes as those disclosed for separator 700 is provided in a chamber 852 disposed at a distal outlet portion 854 of tubing 834.
  • a preferable tubing connector 856 such as a luer fitting, is comprised within chamber 852 distal to filter 700'. In this manner, a multi-chamber syringe is increased in scope to a three chamber combination, with the third chamber being provided by tubing set 830.
  • Syringe barrels such as barrel 20 may be too large to permit facilely derived, precision, small dose measurements.
  • a syringe such as syringe 10', seen in Figures 24 and 24A-C, may be employed with a modified valve assembly 740'.
  • Syringe 10' has a- contiguous barrel which is divided into two sections, a proximal section 20' and a distal section 20". Proximal section 20' is easily seen to be larger in diameter than distal section 20".
  • Valve assembly 740' comprises two parts, a valved stopper 640' and a separator 700". Note that a plunger 30 with an associated stopper is disposed and displaced within proximal section 20'. Valve assembly 740' is disposed distal section 20". Valve assembly divides syringe 10' into two chambers, proximal chamber 60' and distal chamber 70'. Of course, it is important that valve assembly 740' be perpetually retained in section 20".
  • valve assembly 740' is displaced a greater distance.
  • separator 700" is sufficiently elongated to contact a most distal portion of plunger 30 before valved stopper 640' is pulled from section 20". Because valve assembly 740' moves farther than plunger 30 in either direction, such contact effectively forms a lock which assures valve assembly 740' remains in section 20" (see Figure 20A) .
  • Separator 700" comprises liquid filtering holes and features which affix separator 700" to valved stopper 640' in a manner similar to holes and features of separator 700 is affixed to valved stopper 640.
  • a set of finely placed indicia 860 are imprinted upon a side of section 20" to facilitate precise measurement of liquid withdrawn into section 20".
  • Dispensing of liquid from syringe 10' using valve assembly 740' is the same as dispensing liquid from syringe 10 using valve assembly 740.
  • plunger 30 is displaced to force valve assembly 740' to be stopped at the distal end of syringe 10'. When thereat, additional force opens a slit valve of valved stopper 640' and liquid is dispensed therethrough.

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un ensemble valve qui divise une seringue classique en chambres proximales et distales, afin de constituer un appareil de seringue à distribution séquentielle à chambres multiples. Un butoir à valve et un séparateur qui filtre le gaz provenant du liquide distribué sont incorporés dans l'ensemble valve. L'ensemble valve est actionné par une pression différentielle d'une force supérieure à la force de déplacement de l'ensemble valve. Les caractéristiques principales sont les suivantes : (1) maintien des liquides séparés dans les chambres ; (2) possibilité d'utiliser l'ensemble valve dans des seringues classiques ; (3) filtrage du gaz à partir du liquide distribué ; (4) fonctionnement de la valve bistable ; (5) fonctionnement libre à reflux ; (5) maintien, par un rivet dans le séparateur, de la valve fermée de manière sûre jusqu'à ce que la valve soit ouverte par une action prédéterminée tactilement sensible.
PCT/US2006/039576 2006-10-10 2006-10-10 Seringue de distribution de dose séquentielle à chambres multiples WO2008045042A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BRPI0622171-8A BRPI0622171A2 (pt) 2006-10-10 2006-10-10 aparelho de seringa de multi-cÂmaras para dispensar sequencialmente fluidos medicinais, e, mÉtodo para usar um aparelho de seringa de multi-cÂmaras
CA002665697A CA2665697A1 (fr) 2006-10-10 2006-10-10 Seringue de distribution de dose sequentielle a chambres multiples
PCT/US2006/039576 WO2008045042A1 (fr) 2006-10-10 2006-10-10 Seringue de distribution de dose séquentielle à chambres multiples

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2006/039576 WO2008045042A1 (fr) 2006-10-10 2006-10-10 Seringue de distribution de dose séquentielle à chambres multiples

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016014406A1 (fr) * 2014-07-21 2016-01-28 Ge Healthcare As Tête de piston pouvant être déviée
WO2016204906A1 (fr) * 2015-06-15 2016-12-22 Enspero Inc. Dispositif de distribution à orifices multiples
WO2020173938A1 (fr) * 2019-02-27 2020-09-03 Becton Dickinson France Obturateur de valve pour dispositif d'injection médical et dispositif d'injection médical pour l'injection d'au moins une composition

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4643721A (en) * 1984-11-20 1987-02-17 Poutrait-Morin Multiple compartment ampule for automatic hypodermic syringes
US5298024A (en) * 1992-12-28 1994-03-29 Frank Richmond Multi-liquid medicament delivery system with reflex valves
US6149628A (en) * 1998-07-20 2000-11-21 Szapiro; Jaime Luis Syringe with two variable volume chambers for containing and administering mixtures of products provided separately

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4643721A (en) * 1984-11-20 1987-02-17 Poutrait-Morin Multiple compartment ampule for automatic hypodermic syringes
US5298024A (en) * 1992-12-28 1994-03-29 Frank Richmond Multi-liquid medicament delivery system with reflex valves
US6149628A (en) * 1998-07-20 2000-11-21 Szapiro; Jaime Luis Syringe with two variable volume chambers for containing and administering mixtures of products provided separately

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016014406A1 (fr) * 2014-07-21 2016-01-28 Ge Healthcare As Tête de piston pouvant être déviée
WO2016204906A1 (fr) * 2015-06-15 2016-12-22 Enspero Inc. Dispositif de distribution à orifices multiples
US10369272B2 (en) 2015-06-15 2019-08-06 Enspero Inc. Multiport delivery device
WO2020173938A1 (fr) * 2019-02-27 2020-09-03 Becton Dickinson France Obturateur de valve pour dispositif d'injection médical et dispositif d'injection médical pour l'injection d'au moins une composition
CN113498351A (zh) * 2019-02-27 2021-10-12 贝克顿迪金森法国公司 用于医用注射装置的阀门塞子和用于注射至少一种组分的医用注射装置
CN113498351B (zh) * 2019-02-27 2023-12-12 贝克顿迪金森法国公司 用于医用注射装置的阀门塞子和用于注射至少一种组分的医用注射装置

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BRPI0622171A2 (pt) 2011-12-27

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