WO2006102883A2

WO2006102883A2 - Packaging comprising integrity control means, rfid transponder for the packaging, system for transporting objects, method for sealing the packaging, and method for the reliable transport of mail using said packaging

Info

Publication number: WO2006102883A2
Application number: PCT/DE2006/000574
Authority: WO
Inventors: Helmut Baumgarten; Christian Schneiders; Karsten Oltersdorf
Original assignee: Technische Universität Berlin
Priority date: 2005-03-30
Filing date: 2006-03-29
Publication date: 2006-10-05
Also published as: DE102005015357A1; WO2006102883A3

Abstract

The invention relates to a packaging comprising at least one integrity control means for detecting the unauthorised opening of the packaging. Said integrity control means comprises an RFID transponder which is used to transmit information concerning the integrity of the packaging, signalled by another component of the integrity control means, to a reading appliance. The invention also relates to an RFID transponder for packaging, to a system for transporting objects, to a method for sealing the packaging, and to a method for the reliable transport of mail.

Description

Packaging with integrity testing devices, RFID transponders for packaging, article transport system, packaging sealing methods and procedures for the safe transport of consignments using the packaging

description

The invention relates to a packaging according to the preamble of claim 1, an RFID transponder for the packaging, a system for transporting objects, a method for sealing the packaging, a sealing element for use with the method and a method for the safe transport of Shipments using the packaging.

It is known that optical identification systems are used in the carriage of objects, in particular letter-type mail and parcels. By means of these systems it is e.g. possible to automatically read a handwritten destination address and code it as a barcode. With the aid of the created barcode labels, an automated sorting of the shipments can then take place. These systems thus enable a fast and reliable sorting of the shipments in the distribution centers. An examination of the state of the packages of the shipments (integrity check) is not possible with such systems.

An apparatus for checking the integrity of a program is known, for example, from EP 0 540 139 B1. Here, an object to be conveyed is surrounded by a packaging having control means with which an unauthorized opening of the packaging is detectable. For this purpose, printed conductors are arranged on the packaging over the entire region of the packaging, which are damaged or destroyed in the event of unauthorized opening of the packaging. The damage or destruction of the conductor webs causes a change in the electrical characteristics of the tracks, which is detected with a arranged on the packaging testing device. If an unauthorized opening of the packaging is detected, an alarm system - for example, visually or acoustically - alerts the user to the unauthorized opening.

From US 2001/0010494 Al a package is also known, which has to prove the integrity of the packaging printed conductors. The printed conductors also extend over the entire region of the packaging in this device. From an integrated into the packaging control unit electrical pulses are generated, which are routed via the tracks to a receiving device and detected there. The non-arrival of a transmitted pulse at the receiving device is interpreted as an indication of damage to the conductor track and thus the packaging.

A disadvantage of the known optical systems used in the transport of mailings is that the identification of the mailpieces is complicated because the reader must have visual contact with the barcode label to be read in order to identify a mailpiece. Therefore, the recognition of transmissions can only take place sequentially and is accordingly time consuming. Such systems are therefore used essentially in automatic sorting systems, so that with the help of these systems only a very incomplete tracking of shipments is possible. The optical systems used serve only to identify the items. Information about the state of package of a shipment is not provided with these systems.

The known apparatuses for checking the integrity of mail items have the disadvantage that an attempted, unauthorized opening is indeed recognized by the test equipment integrated in the packages, the acoustic or optical signaling of the unauthorized opening is only recognized by service providers. personnel can be registered. An automated detection of the state of the shipments in transit is not provided.

Moreover, it is disadvantageous in the known packages with integrated integrity checking means that they have as active means of identification active communication components which rely on a power supply integrated into the packaging. Such components include GSM modules for communication or GPS components for position determination. The manufacture and handling of these components is therefore expensive and cumbersome. However, communication components integrated in the packaging are necessary in order to ensure the most complete traceability of a consignment. It is of particular importance that a possibly found unauthorized opening of the packaging can be assigned to a specific section of the conveyor chain. Since many different service providers are sometimes used along the entire logistics chain, e.g. interesting, whether a detected attempted opening of the shipment is about to be assigned to one of the service providers involved in the transport.

The invention has for its object to provide a device for the shipment of items that allows a fast, reliable and inexpensive integrity check the shipment and improved traceability of shipment delivery.

This object is achieved by a package having the features of claim 1, by an RFID transponder for the package of claim 14, by a system for carrying articles according to claim 16, by a method of sealing the package of claim 24, a method according to claim 25 and a sealing element according to claim 28. Thereafter, the package has at least one integrity check means for detecting the unauthorized opening of the packaging, the integrity checking means comprising an RFID transponder. The RFID transponder is used to transmit information, signaled by another component of the integrity checking means, about the integrity of the packaging to a reading device. With the packaging according to the invention, a device is provided which detects an unauthorized opening of the packaging and transmits this information to the RFID transponder. The information about the integrity state of the packaging is stored, for example, in a memory of the RFID transponder and is therefore also retrievable at later times.

A particular advantage of the RFID transponder is that read-out of the information present in the RFID transponder requires no visual contact (relative to the visible wavelength range of the optical spectrum) to the RFID transponder to be read. In this case, the reading of the information stored in the RFID transponder information does not have to be sequential, but it can be read a variety of the shipments arranged RFID transponders simultaneously. In this case, e.g. several shipments in any arrangement in a transport container, which are identified with a read operation and at the same time the respective state of the packaging is determined. Thus, a very fast and secure integrity check of the shipments is possible, the integrity of the packages being e.g. via serial numbers stored in the RFID transponder is clearly assigned to the individual packaging.

Thus, for example, the installation of readers at important points in the logistics chain - especially at transfer points to other transport service providers - can track the transport of a shipment with high spatial resolution. This can be a possible unauthorized opening or a simultaneous determination of the state of integrity of the program Loss of the shipment to a specific section of the logistics chain - in particular a participating service provider - assigned.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that the integrity checking means comprise a plurality of electrically insulated against each other interconnects. The printed conductors form at least one closed conductor loop when the packaging is closed. In this case, it is possible that the conductor tracks are arranged on the packaging or, for example, if the packaging is closed inside or outside the packaging. Unauthorized opening of the package causes a change in at least one electrical characteristic of the conductor loop.

To register a change in the electrical characteristics of the conductor loop, the integrity checking means additionally comprise control means. A detected by the control means change the electrical characteristics is signaled to the RFID transponder. For this purpose, the RFID transponder can be connected to the control means of the packaging, for example via a conductive wire connection. The information about the state of integrity of the packaging obtained from the change in the electrical characteristic values can be stored in the RFID transponder. Thus it is e.g. With permanent monitoring of the electrical characteristic values of the conductor loop, it is possible to verify whether the conductor loop was opened without authorization and closed again.

By implementing components of the integrity checking means as a conductor loop with associated control means for checking the electrical characteristics of the conductor loop, a secure and cost-effective integrity checking device is provided. Here, an unauthorized opening of the package is identified by the damage or destruction of the tracks. The conductor tracks are made of an electrically conductive material formed, which also semiconducting materials are to be understood. Of course, to form the tracks, metals as well as other materials, such as conductive ink or electrically attractive polymers may be used. The insulation of the conductor tracks can be done, for example, by covering the individual conductor tracks or by insulating the conductor tracks on the packaging in isolation.

To detect damage to the tracks, it is e.g. it is possible for the control means to provide a control potential with which the tracks are occupied. A change in the electrical characteristics of the conductor loop-in particular a complete interruption of the conductor loop-can then be detected by a change in the control current flowing through the conductor loop. Such monitoring can be initiated permanently or only by the read-out of the RFID transponder.

It should be noted that the configuration of constituents of the integrity checking means as a plurality of interconnects affects the transmission capability of the RFID transponder less than about a closed conductive enclosure. By a particularly selected arrangement of the conductor tracks and suitable placement of the RFID transponder even an improvement in the antenna performance of the RFID transponder may result.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the packaging has an electrically insulating material. The packaging may be formed completely from this material or coated with an insulating material. This makes it possible to arrange the conductor tracks directly on the packaging. For example, the printed conductors could be printed directly onto the packaging with conductive ink. In a preferred embodiment, the tracks may extend in one or more parallel planes. This ensures, that between the tracks a very small lateral distance can be achieved. The interconnects extend to all areas of the packaging, so that opening the packaging changes the electrical characteristics of the interconnects.

Advantageously, in an arrangement of the conductor tracks in a plurality of parallel planes, the conductor tracks are arranged obliquely with respect to the conductor tracks arranged in the adjacent planes. This arrangement prevents unauthorized opening of the packaging without damaging a printed circuit trace, for example, between two mutually parallel adjacent printed conductors.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that the conductor tracks are arranged on the packaging so that they have an irregular course. This causes that the course of the tracks is not readily apparent and thus an unauthorized opening of the package without damaging a conductor track - such as between the tracks - is difficult. In particular, the course of the conductor tracks can be selected randomly, so that it is different for each copy of the packaging.

The printed conductors preferably have a lateral spacing which does not exceed 0.5 cm in order to prevent unauthorized opening of the packaging without damaging a printed circuit.

In a further preferred embodiment, the conductor tracks have a metallic material which does not exceed a thickness of 400 μm. Hereby, a material for the production of the conductor tracks is made available, which can be easily applied to the carrier, for example by vapor deposition or galvanic deposition, in combination with etching methods. germaterial can be applied. The material should not exceed a thickness of 400 μm, so that it is ensured that unauthorized opening of the packaging also causes a detectable change in the electrical characteristics of the printed conductors - in particular a break.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the packaging, the RFID transponder has an integrated circuit in which the control means are integrated. This provides a very compact and cost-effective embodiment of the integrity test means.

Furthermore, the packaging preferably has at least two closure sides for loading the packaging, which are irreversibly connectable to each other for closing the packaging, in particular by applying strong adhesive. This avoids unauthorized opening and possibly reclosing of the packaging without registering the unauthorized opening.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the closure sides have at least one electrically conductive connecting element arranged correspondingly to the end regions of the conductor tracks, the conductor tracks forming a closed conductor loop via the connecting element when the packaging is closed. In this case, the connection of the end regions of the interconnects, which connection is made via a connecting element, is irreversibly destroyed when the packaging is opened on the closure sides. This ensures that the proof of an unauthorized opening of the packaging on the sides of the closure is not circumvented by resealing the packaging. In a preferred embodiment, the packaging has openings on the closure sides to the end regions of the conductor tracks, so that the end regions of the conductor tracks are accessible from the outside when the packaging is closed. Thus, the end portions can be contacted from the outside, wherein in a preferred embodiment, the end portions of the conductor tracks are electrically connectable from the outside via sealing elements with the package closed.

A sealant may e.g. have a film on which a conductor piece is arranged, wherein the sealing member z. B. is attached to the packaging with strong adhesive.

In a second aspect of the invention, an RFID transponder for packaging according to claim 1 is provided, wherein the RFID transponder is connectable to a conductor loop and has control means which change the electrical characteristics of a conductor loop connected to the RFID transponder to capture. This provides an RFID transponder that can be used in integrity testing of packaging. In this case, the RFID transponder can e.g. be connected to a conductor loop integrated into the packaging for integrity monitoring. The packaging may be e.g. be provided in an automated production as by vapor deposition or printing with the conductor track.

In a preferred embodiment, it is provided that the RFID transponder according to the invention has an integrated circuit in which the control means are integrated in order to achieve an efficient and cost-effective production and a compact design of the RFID transponder.

In a third aspect of the invention, there is provided a system for carrying articles which comprises at least one package according to claim 1 and at least one transport unit. container having a reading device for reading RFID transponders. This will provide a system that will provide transportation of shipments based on RFID technology. This enables a high degree of traceability of the delivery of consignments without permanently installed readers having to be present for reading out the RFID transponders integrated in the packaging. The integrity check is carried out via the reader integrated into the transport container.

In a preferred embodiment of the system, the reading device has a device for monitoring RFID interiors in order to guarantee reliable detection and testing of the integrity of the consignments located in the transport container. Such a system has, for example, an indoor surveillance antenna in three spatial planes.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the system, a transport container is provided which has a communication unit for the transmission of information to an external receiver. In particular, it is possible with this embodiment to transmit data read out from the RFID transponders, for example to a central monitoring device. This communication preferably takes place via a mobile radio network (for example GSM, UMTS) or data connections such as e.g. GPRS or WLAN. The transport container may have central control of the components formed thereon via a control unit, e.g. has an electronic memory. In this case, the active components of the transport container can be operated, for example, via a battery or a rechargeable battery, for example with an exchange device.

In a further advantageous embodiment, it is provided that the reading device has a transmitting and receiving antenna up to ensure secure communication with an external receiver. In a further preferred embodiment. the transport container means for determining the position to allow a very accurate and close-meshed traceability of the transport container and the consignments located in the transport container. The positioning can be satellite-based (eg via GPS or GALILEO) or by GSM-based positioning. The position data can be transmitted, for example, via the communication unit to the central monitoring device and / or queried from there.

Preferably, the transport container further comprises a one-way opening mechanism, which includes a registration unit for registration of introduced via the one-way opening mechanism in the transport container shipments. In this case, the registration unit can be configured for reading out RFID transponders, for example, so that the inserted programs are automatically identified and registered on the basis of the serial number of the RFID transponders. This data can then be stored, for example, in a memory unit formed on the transport container or transmitted to a central monitoring device. The recognition of a program can be acoustically or optically signaled.

In a further preferred embodiment, the transport container on an opening device for unloading the transport container - such as a lock - on which has means for registering opening operations. This guarantees that, for example, an unauthorized opening of the transport container is registered during the transport of the transport container, thus allowing complete traceability and integrity monitoring of the transport path. Thus, a system for the transport of objects is provided, which offers a very high security and is particularly suitable for the transport of valuables. For the detection of opening operations while the opening mechanism of the transport container about a light barrier or a be monitored electrical contact. Of course, the possibilities to monitor and register openings are not limited to these examples. Other devices may be provided, eg opening by means of a key or a radio identifier, the documentation of the opening process being carried out by the personnel or being carried out automatically.

In an advantageous embodiment, it is further provided that the transport container has an interior for accommodating the items, wherein the interior is movable, in particular rotatable, is. For a secure detection of the shipments is given by the reading unit of the transport container, as it is ensured by the movement of the broadcasts that the broadcasts are passed through the receiving area of the reader. In particular, the inner region of the transport container can be configured as a rotatable drum, which can be driven by an electric motor, for example, or mechanically from the outside. ■■

For example, it is also possible to connect the RFID transponder with further control elements, in particular temperature, pressure or acceleration sensors, in order to store and transmit values of the ambient temperature, the ambient pressure or the state of motion of the packaging or the environment. So could also be controlled about the rotational movement of the rotatable interior.

With the system according to the invention, a secure and very easily traceable transport of shipments can be realized. In this case, for example, the integrity of the mail items is checked by reading out the information stored in the RFID transponders of the packages by means of the reading device arranged on the transport container and registering the information relating thereto. Immediately before the transport container is transported, the integrity and number of shipments in the transport container are checked again. During transport, any opening operations are registered with the means formed on the transport container for monitoring opening operations.

After transport to the destination, the integrity and number of shipments are checked again. In this case, the readout process, e.g. be initiated by opening the transport container. In any case, it must be ensured that before opening the transport container its contents are checked and the relevant information registered. Finally, the consignments are removed from the transport container and handed over to the recipient.

The transport to the destination can take place via at least one distribution center, wherein the entrance of the transport container registered at the respective distribution center and the integrity and the number of shipments is checked when unloading the shipments. After the sorting of the mailings, the mail items are re-introduced into a transport container before being transported further, wherein the number and integrity of the mail items is checked again immediately before the mail is transported further.

For the automated transport of the transport container, it may additionally be provided that barcode labels are affixed to the transport container, e.g. encode the destination address. Corresponding barcode labels may also be attached to the individual items of mail in order to enable automated sorting of the items. It can also be provided that the transport container can be opened and / or unloaded automatically.

It is also possible for the delivery that the reading of the RFID transponder not only takes place before opening the transport container at the entrance to a distribution center, but is carried out automatically at regular intervals o- the monitoring takes place without interruption during the entire transport. Furthermore, at the destination distribution center, the consignments can be introduced and registered in transport containers for specific employees, the integrity of the consignments being checked and subsequently the transport container transported to the on-site delivery station. Here, the number and integrity of the shipments is checked again and checked on delivery of the transport container to delivery staff, the number and integrity of the shipments again. In this case, it may additionally be provided, for example, that the delivery employee has an ID card which has an RFID transponder, so that an identification of the delivery employee can be made by reading out the RFID transponder and the handover of the item can be documented.

Upon arrival at the destination, the removal of one or more consignments from the transport container is acknowledged by the delivery employee and the consignment is handed over to the recipient. This can also be used to control the last section of the transport chain and ensure the integrity of the consignments.

The registration of the information obtained when the RFID transponder is read out takes place, for example. by transmitting the information to a central monitoring device - in particular via a mobile radio network. This enables a reliable and rapid traceability of the shipments, especially with regard to the integrity of the shipments. The transmission of the integrity data can also be achieved by other methods such as e.g. GPRS, UMTS or WLAN.

The inventive method for sealing a package according to claim 1 provides that the packaging comprises an RFID transponder and a plurality of conductor tracks whose end regions have contact surfaces. In this case, the packaging has breakthroughs in the area of the contact surfaces, so that when the packaging is closed, the contact surfaces are contacted from the outside. Between the contact surfaces, an electrically conductive connection is made.

In this case, the electrically conductive connection is effected by means of at least one sealing element, wherein the sealing element has an RFID transponder. Subsequently, the serial number of the RFID transponder arranged on the sealing element is read out and written into the RFID transponder of the packaging.

This provides a safe, controllable method of closing especially large packages that include a loop as part of an integrity checker. In this case, the sealing elements can not be removed unnoticed and replaced by other unauthorized sealing elements, since the serial numbers of the original sealing elements are stored in the RFID transponder of the packaging and compared with the serial numbers of the RFID transponders located on the packaging at the destination can.

The inventive method for the safe transport of a consignment to a destination using a packaging according to claim 1 provides that the consignment to be transported is produced by introducing the object to be transported into the packaging.

The packaging is irreversibly closed and delivered to a courier express parcel service provider (CEP service provider). There, the program is registered and the integrity of the program is checked by reading the information stored in the RFID transponder about the state of the packaging and the identity of the item by means of a reader. The read out information about the integrity and identity of the broadcast is registered. This registration can be done eg via a central data collection. The integrity of the shipment is rechecked immediately before shipment, and the shipment is then transported to its destination. At the destination, the integrity of the consignment is checked again and finally the consignment is handed over to the consignee.

This provides a procedure which enables traceable delivery of a consignment to a destination. In particular, the integrity of the shipment prior to transport and arrival at the destination is documented.

In a preferred embodiment, it is provided that the transport to the destination takes place via at least one distribution center. Here, the receipt of the shipment is registered at the respective distribution center and checked the integrity of the consignments during unloading and registered this information. Immediately before the onward transport, the integrity of the consignments is checked again and the relevant information is registered.

This ensures the traceability and documentation of the integrity of the consignment, even during transport over a longer logistics chain, as the receipt of consignments and their integrity is recognized and registered at each distribution center. In particular, it is also possible to control transport sections for which further service providers are commissioned. _N

Advantageously, it is provided that the consignment to be transported is provided at the KEP service provider with an optical code system that encodes the receiving address, in particular to allow automated sorting of the broadcasts in the distribution centers. The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the embodiments illustrated in the drawings. Show it:

1 inside of an envelope with a conductor loop and an RFID transponder,

FIG. 2 shows the outside of the envelope of FIG. 1,

FIG. 3 inside of an envelope with an RFID transponder and conductor tracks arranged in different planes,

FIG. 4 shows the outer side of a packaging in the form of a package, which has conductor tracks on the inner side and has contact surfaces on the outer side which can be connected to sealing stickers.

Figure 5a shows a transport container with u.a. a reader for reading RFID transponders,

FIG. 5b shows a transport container with a movable drum for moving the items in the transport container,

6 shows a storage unit with a reading device for reading RFID transponders, FIG.

FIG. 7 shows the process of shipment processing on the basis of RFID monitoring,

FIGS. 8a-8d variants of a sealing element,

FIGS. 9a, 9b variants of an envelope for use with sealing elements, FIGS. 10a, 10b show envelopes of FIGS. 9a, 9b with attached sealing elements,

FIG. 11a section through a sealed envelope,

Figure IIb a variant of an envelope.

FIG. 1 shows, as a first embodiment, an envelope 1 as packaging, which is provided on the inside with conductor tracks 2. The interconnects 2 extend over the entire area of the envelope 1. On one side surface of the envelope 1, an RFID transponder 3 is arranged, which has an antenna 3a for receiving and transmitting data and a microchip 3b for operating the RFID transponder 3 having. The printed conductors 2 are connected to the microchip 3b of the RFID transponder 3.

The conductor tracks have contact areas widened end regions 5. The envelope 1 also has closure sides 4, on the outside of which contact surfaces 5a, 5b are arranged, which are connected in pairs via conductor pieces 5c. The contact surfaces 5 a, 5 b are arranged such that they sealably connect the contact surfaces 5 formed on the end regions of the conductor tracks 2 when the envelope 1 is closed, and the printed conductors 2 form a closed conductor loop.

To close the envelope 1, the closure sides 4 are folded inwardly along the fold lines 6 and connected to the corresponding closure sides. In this case, the connection can be made, for example, with a strong adhesive applied to the closure sides 4 and over the conductor pieces 5c.

In the exemplary embodiment, the RFID transponder 3 has control means (not shown) which are integrated into the microchip 3b of the RFID transponder 3. These control Check medium with closed envelope 1, the state of the formed from the conductor tracks 2 conductor loop. In this case, the control means detect a change in at least one of the electrical characteristics of the conductor loop, which is caused in particular by damage to a conductor 2 in the event of unauthorized opening of the envelope 1. In particular, a conductor track 2 can be severed by an unauthorized opening, which causes a well registrable change in the electrical characteristics of the conductor loop.

The state of the conductor loop is transmitted to the RFID transponder 3 and can be stored there. An external reader thus makes it possible to quickly check the integrity of the item by reading out the information stored on the RFID transponder 3. The information regarding the integrity state of the envelope 1 can also be stored in another database which can transmit the stored data to the RFID transponder 3. Thus, the state of the envelope 1 in a simple and fast way by reading the RFID transponder 3 using a corresponding reader is possible. The individual RFID transponders 3 are e.g. by a permanently stored in them serial number uniquely identifiable.

Various methods for data storage, processing or transmission can be integrated in the microchip 3b of the RFID transponder 3. In this case, for authentication of the RFID transponder 3, for example, the checking of the identity of the RFID transponder 3 and of the reading device and a strong mutual identification can be provided. In addition, the RFID transponder 3 can have encryption as well as the implementation of tap-proof anticollision protocols (silent tree walking, Aloha method) and a pseudonymization (randomized hash lock, chained hashes, methods of Henrici and Müller). Furthermore, it can be provided that the readout of the RFID transponder 3 is prevented or the RFID transponder 3 is permanently disabled (KiIl- command, deactivation by field effect).

Since the RFID transponder 3 is a passive component, no power supply is provided for the operation of the RFID transponder 3. The RFID transponder 3 has a memory integrated in the microchip 3b for storing information. In this case, the memory can in particular be rewritable (RAM) or write once (ROM, WORM). In addition, the memory may be of a type that does not lose the memory contents even in the event of power loss (e.g., EEPROM).

Additional information can also be stored in the memory of the RFID transponder 3, e.g. regarding the type of shipment (registered mail, personal delivery, etc.). An integre packaging is particularly important for pharmaceuticals of great importance. It could in the transport of drugs by means of. Packaging according to the invention information about the authenticity and durability are stored.

^

The closing of the envelope 1 takes place e.g. with a strong adhesive, so that approximately in an unauthorized opening of the envelope 1 along the closure sides 4 of the envelope 1 is not resealable without the unauthorized opening is detectable.

The adhesive strength of the strong adhesive must be greater than the force that would cause tearing of the envelope 1. When unauthorized opening the conductor piece 5c would be irreversibly destroyed. In addition, it may be provided that an electrically conductive adhesive is applied at least in the region of the contact surfaces 5a for bonding the contact surfaces 5a. In this case, the adhesive strength of this electrically conductive adhesive may be selected such that when attempting to open the envelope 1 along the closure side 4, the contact surfaces remain connected 5a and tearing the connected contact surfaces 5a from the envelope 1.

In the event that the envelope 1 is opened without authorization along the closure sides 4, the conductive connection of the contact surfaces 5a arranged on the closure sides 4 is irreversibly destroyed with the end regions 5 of the conductors 2, so that a restoration of the conductive connection between the contact surfaces 5 is not is possible without this manipulation being registered.

In order to realize a particularly reliable monitoring of the integrity of the envelope 1, the query as to whether there is a change in the electrical characteristics of the conductor loop can take place continuously or at regular intervals. The result of the query is stored in a memory of the RFID transponder 3. Thus, any opening and reclosing of the envelope 1 along the closure sides 4 can be traced.

In an alternative embodiment, the package 1 is closed, the printed conductors with the RFID transponder are then applied from the outside, e.g. wrapped or glued. The tracks can then be packed again as protection. With this design, it would be avoided that opening on the closure sides could cause problems.

2 shows the outside of the envelope 1 of Figure 1. Shown are the fold lines 6, along which the closure sides 4 are folded to close the envelope 1 inwardly. On the closure sides 4 contact surfaces 5a are arranged, which are connected in pairs with conductor pieces 5b. When closing the envelope 1, the contact surfaces 5a contact the end regions 5 of the conductor tracks 2 in such a way that the conductor tracks 2 are connected to form a closed conductor loop. The closure sides 4 are provided to seal the envelope 1 with strong adhesive.

The exemplary embodiment illustrated in FIG. 3 shows an envelope 1 'which, analogously to the envelope 1 of FIG. 1, has printed conductors 2a', 2b 'and an RFID transponder 3'. The envelope 1 'of this embodiment differs from the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 1 in that the printed conductors are formed in two mutually parallel planes as printed conductors 2a', 2b '.

Here, the interconnects 2a 'extend over the entire area of the envelope 1'. The conductor tracks 2b 'arranged in a plane parallel thereto are arranged obliquely with respect to the conductor tracks 2a'. This prevents unauthorized opening of the packaging, for example, taking place laterally and parallel to a conductor track, without this opening being registered. The arrangement of the interconnects 2a ', 2b' is preferably irregular, in order to prevent the course of the interconnects 2a ', 2b' is known or can be guessed. In particular, the printed conductors 2a ', 2b' can be arranged randomly, so that each envelope has a different structure of the printed conductors.

FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment of a package with an integrity check as package 1 '', the outside view of the package being shown. Such packages are needed in particular for packaging and transporting bulky items. The package 1 '' corresponds to the envelopes 1, 1 'shown in Figures 1 to 3. It also has interconnects (not shown) arranged on the inside and an RFID transponder with control means for checking the electrical characteristics of the interconnects with the packaging closed (not shown). Of course, as in the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 3, the printed conductors may also run in two or more planes. In contrast to the envelopes 1, 1 ', the package 1'', however, on the closure sides 4''on openings over which the contact surfaces 5'', which are formed at the end portions of the inside of the package 1''arranged conductor tracks , Can be contacted from the outside in the closed state of the package.

The package is closed by bending the closure sides 4 '' and connecting the closure sides 4 '' with a strong adhesive. In contrast to the envelopes 1, 1 ', however, the conductor tracks (not shown) arranged on the inside of the package 1 "are not connected to form a conductor loop.

The connection of the conductor tracks to a closed conductor loop takes place in a further step by sealing elements 10, 10 '. The sealing elements 10, 10 'comprise pairs of contact surfaces 12a, 12b or 12a', 12b 'and ladder elements 11, 11'. In this case, the conductor elements 11, 11 'produce an electrically conductive connection between the individual contact surfaces of the contact surface pairs 12a, 12b or 12a', 12b '. The contact surface pairs 12a, 12b and 12a ', 12b' are arranged corresponding to two end regions 5 '' of the formed on the inside of the package 1 '' interconnects, so that when closing the package 1 '' two end portions 5 '' of the conductor tracks conductive interconnected. The connection formed by the sealing elements is shown schematically in FIG. 4 by the connecting line 20. If all contact surfaces are provided with sealing elements 10, 10 ', the conductor tracks on the inside of the package 1 "are connected to form a closed conductor loop.

A special embodiment of the sealing elements is the sealing element 10 '. Here is next to the contact surface pair

12a ', 12b' and the conductor elements 11 'integrates an RFID transponder 13 on the sealing element. The RFID transponder 13 sits a unique serial number, which after the attachment of the sealing element 10 'is used to the arranged on the inside of the integrity check Pact arranged central RFID transponder (not shown). The serial number is stored in the central RFID transponder. This prevents a sealing element from being removed without authorization and being replaced by another sealing element.

FIG. 5a shows a transport container 20 for transporting packages which have an RFID transponder for monitoring integrity. The transport container 20 has a BriefSchlitzöffnung 21, in which a reading device for RFID transponder is integrated. Furthermore, the transport container 20 has an opening device 22 which monitors and registers an opening of the transport container 20. On a side surface of the transport container 20, a transmitting and receiving unit 23 is arranged, which has a unit for reading out RFID transponders and various communication modules (eg GSM, GPRS, UMTS, WLAN).

FIG. 5b shows a transport container 30, which corresponds to the embodiment of the transport container 20 of FIG. 5a. The embodiment shown in FIG. 5b furthermore has a movable drum 31 with which the mail items introduced into the transport container 30 can be moved. As a result, a secure detection of the shipments contained in the transport container 30 via the RFID reader units 21 and 23 is ensured, since the programs are moved through the receiving and transmitting areas of the RFID reading units 21 and 23. The transport container is provided with a device for RFID indoor surveillance (32), which allows a secure detection of the RFID transponder of the shipments. In this case, the RFID indoor surveillance (32) antennas in the three spatial directions, which correspond in pairs with each other, the antennas can be queried sequentially. 6 shows a storage unit 40, which consists of a plurality of storage elements 41, in each of which a reading unit 45 for reading RFID transponders is integrated. The reading unit 45 has an antenna 46 with antenna elements extending in all spatial planes. Envelopes 1 which have integrity checking means with an RFID transponder 3 can be stored in the storage elements 41, wherein the integrity of the packages can be monitored by reading out the RFID transponders by means of the reading unit 45. The data read out by the reading unit 45 are transmitted to a central communication and control unit 47.

By means of the storage unit 40 it is e.g. in the event of the recipient not being present, it is possible to keep consignments safe and traceable until collection by the consignee. In this case, the state of the packaging can be queried and documented at any time by the integrated reading unit 45.

The diagram shown in FIG. 7 shows the sequence of mailing delivery using a package which has integrity checking means with an RFID transponder. Here, in a first step, the consignment is abandoned at an outlet (Outlet 1) of a courier express parcel service provider, whereby the integrity and identity of the consignments is checked by reading out the information stored in the RFID transponder of the packaging and the related information a central monitoring device (central DB) are transmitted.

After transport to a distribution center, the integrity and the number of shipments are checked again and the relevant information is transmitted to the central monitoring device (central DB). The read-out process can be initiated, for example, by opening the transport container. Immediately before the onward transport to the destination distribution center (delivery base), the identity and integrity of the programs is checked again and the relevant information is again transmitted to the central monitoring device (central DB). Of course, the transport to the destination distribution center (delivery basis) can take place via further distribution centers.

Upon receipt of the shipment at the destination distribution center (delivery base), the integrity and identity of the shipment is checked and transmitted to the central monitoring device (central DB). In a last step, the consignment is handed over to the recipient, whereby the integrity of the consignment is checked again and the ^" transfer of the consignment is registered.

If delivery to the recipient is not possible, the shipment is transported to a destination outlet (Outlet / Letter Packet Dispenser 2), checking the receipt of the shipment and its integrity. At the Zieloutlet (Outlet / letter-Paketausgabeautomat 2) or at a storage unit, the consignment is picked up by the receiver, wherein finally checked the integrity of the consignment, registered the transfer of the shipment and the registration to the central monitoring device (central DB) is transmitted.

Figures 8a-8b show different variants of a sealing element for securely closing an envelope. FIG. 8a shows a sealing element 10 which has contact surfaces 12a, 12b for attaching the sealing element to an envelope (not shown). Furthermore, the sealing element 10 has an RFID transponder 3 comprising an antenna 3a and a microchip 3b. The contact surfaces 12a, 12b are electrically connected to the chip 3b of the RFID transponder 3.

The sealing element 10 can be applied to an envelope (see FIGS. 9a, 9b) by means of the contact surfaces 12a, 12b, preferably with an envelope. An electrically conductive adhesive to be adhered to correspondingly formed on the envelope contact surfaces. As a result, a monitoring conductor loop is closed on the envelope and thus "activated".

The integrated into the sealing element 10 RFID transponder 3 has the particular purpose of making an unauthorized removal traceable. For this purpose, the transponder 3 has e.g. a serial number, which it transmits to an RFID transponder arranged on the envelope to be sealed. The serial number is then stored in the transponder of the envelope which would register unauthorized removal of the seal element and replacement with a new seal.

FIGS. 8b and 8c show further variants of a sealing element, each with two contact surfaces. The embodiments of a sealing element according to FIGS. 8d and 8e, on the other hand, represent sealing elements 10 which each have four contact surfaces 12a-12d. This allows even more secure closing of an envelope.

Figures 9a, 9b illustrate envelopes adapted for use with the seal elements shown in the preceding Figures 8a-8d. FIG. 9a shows an envelope 100 which has outer contact surfaces 105a, 105b which, when the envelope 100 is closed with sealing elements according to FIGS. 8a-8d, are contacted by the contact surfaces of the sealing elements, whereby an inner monitoring conductor loop (not shown) is closed , FIG. 9b shows an envelope 100, which is prepared for sealing elements with four contact surfaces, compared to FIG. 9a.

Figures 10a, 10b illustrate the envelopes of Figures 9a, 9b, which are sealed with sealing elements according to Figures 8a-8d. Figure IIa is a sectional view through an envelope of Fig. IIb taken along a section line AA. An envelope 100 thus has a folding tab 101 for lateral closing, which is folded over on a portion 102 of the envelope. The folding tab 101 and the portion 102 each have contact surfaces 5a, 5b, 5, which are connected to a portion of a monitoring conductor loop 2.

The contact surfaces 5a, 5b, ^'5 are arranged on the envelope 100 corresponding to each other so that they are for the upgrading fold the folding flap 101 contact each other and the monitoring conductor loop 2 close and thus activation ren. For mounting, the contact surfaces 5a, 5b , 5 with a conductive adhesive adhesive 107 electrically conductively bonded together.

The invention is not limited to the cited exemplary embodiments. Other embodiments of the package are within the scope of the invention. It is essential for the invention that the packaging has integrity checking means with an RFID transponder for detecting the unauthorized opening of the packaging.

Claims

claims

1. packaging with at least one integrity-checking device to detect the unauthorized opening of the packaging,

characterized in that

at least one integrity checking means comprises an RFID transponder (3), wherein the RFID transponder (3) is designed for transmitting an information about the integrity of the packaging signaled by a further component of the integrity checking means to a reading device (21, 23).

2. Packaging according to claim 1, characterized in that

- At least one Integrityprüfungsmittel a plurality of electrically mutually insulated conductor or semiconductor tracks (2, 2a, 2b), the closed packaging (1, 1 ', 1' ') form at least one closed conductor loop, wherein opening the package at least one changed the electrical characteristic of the conductor loop and

the integrity checking means has at least one control means which detects a change in at least one electrical characteristic value of the conductor loop when the packaging is closed and signals a change to the RFID transponder (3).

3. Packaging according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the packaging (1, 1 ', 1'') has an electrically insulating material.

4. Packaging according to at least one of claims 2 to 3, characterized in that the conductor tracks (2, 2a, 2b) extend at least partially in one or more parallel planes, wherein the conductor tracks extend to all areas of the package (1, 1 ', 1' ').

5. Packaging according to claim 4, characterized in that in an arrangement of the conductor tracks (2a, 2b) in a plurality of parallel planes, the conductor tracks (2a) are arranged obliquely with respect to the conductor tracks (2b) arranged in the adjacent planes.

6. Packaging according to at least one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that on the packaging (1, 1 ', 1' ') arranged conductor tracks (2, 2a, 2b) have an irregular course.

7. Packaging according to at least one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the conductor tracks (2, 2a, 2b) do not exceed a lateral distance from each other of 0.5 cm.

8. Packaging according to at least one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that the conductor tracks (2, 2a, 2b) have a metallic material and do not exceed a thickness of 400 microns.

9. Packaging according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the RFID transponder (3) has at least one integrated circuit in which the control means are integrated.

10. Packaging according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by at least two closure sides (4) which are irreversibly connectable to close the package together - in particular by the application of starch adhesive.

11. Packaging according to claim 10, characterized in that the end regions (5) of the strip conductors have contact surfaces and the closure sides (4) have at least one contact surface correspondingly arranged on the electrically conductive connecting element (50), so that when the package is closed, the conductor tracks (2 , 2a, 2b) form a closed conductor loop via the connecting element (50).

12. Packaging according to one of claims 10 or 11, characterized in that: the packaging on the closure sides (4) has openings to the end regions (5) of the conductor tracks, so that the end regions (5) of the conductor tracks with closed packaging of are accessible outside.

13. Packaging according to claim 12, characterized in that the end regions (5) of the conductor tracks are electrically connectable when the packaging is closed from the outside via sealing elements (10, 10 '), so that the conductor tracks via, the sealing elements form a closed conductor loop when the packaging is closed ,

14. RFID transponder for a package according to claim 1, characterized in that

- The RFID transponder (3) with at least one conductor loop is connectable and

- The RFID transponder (3) comprises control means which detect a change in at least one electrical characteristic of at least one of the RFID transponder (3) connected conductor loop sen.

15. RFID transponder according to claim 14, characterized in that the RFID transponder (3) has at least one integrated circuit in which the control means are integrated.

16. System for transporting objects, characterized by

at least one package according to claim 1 for an article, the package having at least one integrity check means for detecting the unauthorized opening of the package, and at least one integrity checking means comprising an RFID transponder (3) for communicating information about the condition of the package from a further component of the integrity checking means to the RFID transponder (3) are signaled, and

at least one transport container (20, 30) for transporting packaging according to claim 1 with at least one reading device (21, 23) for reading out RFID transponders (3).

17. System according to claim 16, characterized in that the transport container (20, 30) comprises at least one device for RFID indoor surveillance.

18. System according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that the transport container (20, 30) has a communication unit (23) for the transmission of information to a receiver, in particular via a mobile radio network.

19. System according to any one of claims 16 to 18, characterized in that the reading device (21, 23) has a transmitting and receiving antenna.

20. System according to any one of claims 16 to 19, characterized in that the transport container (20, 30) has means for determining position.

21. System according to one of claims 16 to 20, characterized in that the transport container (20, 30) has a one-way opening mechanism, which comprises a registration unit for the registration of the disposable opening mechanism in the transport container (20, 30) introduced consignments ,

22. System according to any one of claims 16 to 21, characterized in that the transport container (20, 30) has an opening device for unloading the transport container (20, 30), wherein the opening device comprises means for registering the opening operations.

23. System according to any one of claims 16 to 22, characterized in that the transport container (20, 30) has a movable inner space (31) for receiving the mail items, wherein the inner space (31) is in particular rotatably movable.

24. A method of sealing a package according to claim 1, wherein the package has at least one integrity check means for detecting the unauthorized opening of the package, and at least one integrity check means comprises an RFID transponder (3) for communicating information about the condition of the package, which are signaled to the RFID transponder (3) by another component of the integrity checking means, and the package has openings in the area of the contact surfaces (5) so that the contact surfaces (5) can be contacted from the outside when the packaging is closed , with the steps:

Producing an electrically conductive connection between the contact surfaces (5) by means of at least a sealing element (10 '), wherein the sealing element (10') has an RFID transponder (13) and in particular is attached to the packaging with strong adhesive, - readout of the serial number of the at least one sealing element (10 ') arranged RFID transponder (13 ) and

Writing the serial numbers of the at least one sealing element (10 ') in the RFID transponder (3) of the packaging.

A method of securely transporting a shipment to a destination using a package as claimed in claim 1, wherein the package includes integrity checking means for detecting the unauthorized opening of the package, and the integrity checking means comprises an RFID transponder (3) for communicating information about the condition of the package , which are signaled by another component of the integrity checking means to the RFID transponder (3), comprising the steps of:

- producing the consignment to be transported by placing the object to be transported in the packaging and then irreversibly closing the packaging,

- Delivery of the consignment to a courier express parcel service provider (CEP service provider)

Registering the shipment, checking the integrity of the shipment by means of the packaging integrity checking means and reading out the information stored on the RFID transponder (3) about the condition of the packaging and the identity of the shipment by means of a reader, registering the information about integrity and Identity of the shipment, - re-checking the integrity of the consignment by reading the RFID transponder (3) immediately prior to transport, re-registering the integrity and identity information of the consignment, transport to the destination,

Checking the integrity of the consignment by reading the RFID transponder (3) at the destination,

- Delivery of the consignment to the recipient.

26. The method according to claim 25, characterized in that the transport to the destination via at least one distribution center takes place, wherein

- the receipt of the consignment is registered at the respective distribution center,

- When unloading the shipment at the respective distribution center, the integrity and identity of the shipments by reading the RFID transponder (3) is checked and - immediately before the onward transport, the integrity of the shipment is checked by reading the RFID transponder (3).

27. The method according to claim 25 or 26, marked thereby, that to be conveyed consignment during delivery at

CEP service provider is provided with an optical code system that encodes the receiving address.

28. Sealing element for use with the method according to claim 24.

29. Sealing element according to claim 28, characterized by contact surfaces (12a-12d) for contacting formed on a packaging contact surfaces.

30. Sealing element according to claim 28 or 29, characterized by an RFID transponder (3). _,

31. Sealing element according to one of claims 28 to 30, characterized in that in the RFID transponder (3) is stored a serial number.