WO2006036194A1 - Patterned fibrous structures - Google Patents
Patterned fibrous structures Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006036194A1 WO2006036194A1 PCT/US2005/010011 US2005010011W WO2006036194A1 WO 2006036194 A1 WO2006036194 A1 WO 2006036194A1 US 2005010011 W US2005010011 W US 2005010011W WO 2006036194 A1 WO2006036194 A1 WO 2006036194A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fibrous structure
- fibrous
- visually recognizable
- softness
- embossments
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
- D21H27/02—Patterned paper
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
- D21H27/30—Multi-ply
- D21H27/40—Multi-ply at least one of the sheets being non-planar, e.g. crêped
Definitions
- the present invention relates to patterned fibrous structures, more particularly to fibrous structures that comprise a pattern that conveys to a user a characteristic of the fibrous structure and/or single- or multi-ply sanitary tissue product comprising such a patterned fibrous structure and methods for making same.
- the present invention fulfills the need described above by providing a patterned fibrous structure that conveys to a user both visually recognizable softness and strength characteristics.
- a fibrous structure comprising a visually recognizable softness region and a visually recognizable strength region.
- an embossed fibrous structure comprising a visually recognizable softness region and a visually recognizable strength region, wherein the visually recognizable strength region comprises a plurality of embossments and the visually recognizable softness region comprises less embossments that the visually recognizable strength region, is provided.
- an embossed fibrous structure comprising a visually recognizable softness region and a visually recognizable strength region, wherein the visually recognizable softness region is void of embossments and the visually recognizable strength region comprises an embossment, is provided.
- an embossed fibrous structure comprising a visually recognizable softness region and a visually recognizable strength region, wherein the fibrous structure essentially consists of a plurality of embossments, wherein the plurality of embossments exhibit a substantially similar shape, is provided.
- a single- or multi-ply sanitary tissue product comprising a fibrous structure according to the present invention.
- the present invention provides a fibrous structure and/or sanitary tissue product comprising a visually recognizable softness region and a visually recognizable strength, region and methods for making same.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view of one example of a fibrous structure in accordance with the present invention.
- Fig. 2 is an enlarged cross sectional view of the fibrous structure shown in Fig. 1 taken along line 2-2.
- Fibrous structure and/or “Web” as used herein means a substrate formed from non-woven fibers.
- the fibrous structure of the present invention may be made by any suitable process, such as wet-laid, air-laid, spunbond processes.
- the fibrous structure may be in the form of one or more plies suitable for incorporation into a sanitary tissue product and/or may be in the form of non-woven garments, such as surgical garments including surgical shoe covers, and/or non-woven sanitary tissue products such as surgical towels and wipes.
- An embryonic fibrous web can be typically prepared from an aqueous dispersion of fibers, though dispersions in liquids other than water can be used. Such a liquid dispersion of fibers is oftentimes called a fibrous slurry.
- the fibers can be dispersed in the carrier liquid to have a consistency of from about 0.1% to about 0.3%. It is believed that the present invention can also be applicable to moist forming operations where the fibers are dispersed in a carrier liquid to have a consistency less than about 50%, more preferably less than about 10%.
- an embryonic fibrous web can be prepared using air laid technology wherein a composition of fibers, (not typically dispersed in a liquid) are deposited onto a surface, such as a forming member, such that an embryonic web is formed.
- the fibrous structures of the present invention may have physical properties, such as dry tensile strength, wet tensile strength, caliper, basis weight, density, opacity, wet burst, decay rate, softness, bulk, lint and sidedness suitable to consumers for fibrous structures used in sanitary tissue products and/or known by those skilled in the art to be suitable for fibrous structures used in sanitary tissue products.
- Fiber as used herein means an elongate particulate having an apparent length greatly exceeding its apparent width, i.e. a length to diameter ratio of at least about 10. More specifically, as used herein, "fiber” refers to papermaking fibers.
- the present invention contemplates the use of a variety of papermaking fibers, such as, for example, natural fibers or synthetic fibers, or any other suitable fibers, and any combination thereof.
- Papermaking fibers useful in the present invention include cellulosic fibers commonly known as wood pulp fibers. Applicable wood pulps include chemical pulps, such as Kraft, sulfite, and sulfate pulps, as well as mechanical pulps including, for example, groundwood, thermomechanical pulp and chemically modified thermomechanical pulp.
- Pulps derived from both deciduous trees (hereinafter, also referred to as "hardwood”) and coniferous trees (hereinafter, also referred to as "softwood”) may be utilized.
- the hardwood and softwood fibers can be blended, or alternatively, can be deposited in layers to provide a stratified web.
- U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,300,981 and U.S. Pat. No. 3,994,771 are incorporated herein by reference for the purpose of disclosing layering of hardwood and softwood fibers.
- fibers derived from recycled paper which may contain any or all of the above categories as well a.s other non-fibrous materials such as fillers and adhesives used to facilitate the original papermaking.
- cellulosic fibers such as cotton linters, rayon, and bagasse
- Synthetic fibers such as rayon and other polymeric fibers such as polypropylene, polyethylene, polyester, polyolefin, polyethylene terephthalate and nylon and various kydroxyl polymers, can be used.
- the polymeric fibers can be produced by spunbond processes, meltblown processes, and other suitable methods known in the art.
- the fibers may be short or long (e.g., NSK fibers).
- short fibers include fibers derived from a fiber source selected from the group consisting of Acacia, Eucalyptus, Maple, Oak, Aspen, Birch, Cottonwood, Alder, Ash, Cherry, Elm, Hickory, Poplar, Gum, Walnut, Locust, Sycamore, Beech, Catalpa, Sassafras, Gmelina, Albizia, Anthocephalus, Magnolia, Bagasse, Flax, Hemp, Kenaf and mixtures thereof.
- Fibrous furnish as used herein means a composition of fibers.
- the fibrous furnish may comprise fibers and a liquid., such as water.
- “Sanitary tissue product” as used herein means a single- or multi-ply wiping implement for post-urinary and post-bowel movement cleaning (toilet tissue), for otorhinolaryngological discharges (facial tissue), and multi-functional absorbent and cleaning uses (absorbent towels).
- the sanitary tissue products of the present invention may have physical properties, such as dry tensile strength, wet tensile strength, caliper, basis weight, density, opacity, wet burst, decay rate, softness, bulk, lint and sidedness suitable to consumers for use as sanitary tissue products and/or known by those skilled in the art to be suitable for use as sanitary tissue products.
- Weight average molecular weight as used herein means the weight average molecular weight as determined using gel permeation chromatography according to the protocol found in Colloids and Surfaces A. Physico Chemical & Engineering Aspects, Vol. 162, 2000, pg. 107-121.
- Basis Weight as used herein is the weight per unit area of a sample reported in lbs/3000 ft 2 or g/m 2 .
- Basis weight is measured by preparing one or more samples of a certain area (m 2 ) and weighing the sample(s) of a fibrous structure according to the present invention and/or a sanitary tissue product comprising such fibrous structure on a top loading balance with a minimum resolution of 0.01 g. The balance is protected from air drafts and other disturbances using a draft shield. Weights are recorded when the readings on the balance become constant.
- the average weight (g) is calculated and the average area of the samples (m 2 ) is measured.
- the basis weight (g/m 2 ) is calculated by dividing the average weight (g) by the average area of the samples (m 2 ).
- Machine Direction or “MD” as used herein means the direction parallel to the flow of the fibrous structure through the papermaking machine and/or product manufacturing equipment.
- Cross Machine Direction or “CD” as used herein means the direction perpendicular to the machine direction in the same plane of the fibrous structure and/or sanitary tissue product comprising the fibrous structure.
- “Dry Tensile Strength” (or simply “Tensile Strength” as used herein) of a fibrous structure of the present invention and/or a sanitary tissue product comprising such fibrous structure is measured as follows.
- One (1) inch by five (5) inch (2.5 cm X 12.7 cm) strips of fibrous structure and/or sanitary tissue product comprising such fibrous structure are provided.
- the strip is placed on an electronic tensile tester Model 1122 commercially available from Instron Corp., Canton, Massachusetts in a conditioned room at a temperature of 73°F ⁇ 4°F (about 28°C ⁇ 2.2°C) and a relative humidity of 50% ⁇ 10%.
- the crosshead speed of the tensile tester is 2.0 inches per minute (about 5.1 cm/minute) and the gauge length is 4.0 inches (about 10.2 cm).
- the Dry Tensile Strength can be measured in any direction by this method.
- the "Total Dry Tensile Strength” or “TDT” is the special case determined by the arithmetic total of MD and CD tensile strengths of the strips.
- "Caliper” as used herein means the macroscopic thickness of a sample. Caliper of a sample of fibrous structure according to the present invention is determined by cutting a sample of the fibrous structure such that it is larger in size than a load foot loading surface where the load foot loading surface has a circular surface area of about 3.14 in 2 (20.3 cm ).
- the sample is confined between a horizontal flat surface and the load foot loading surface.
- the load foot loading surface applies a confining pressure to trie sample of 15.5 g/cm 2 (about 0.21 psi).
- the caliper is the resulting gap between the flat surface and the load foot loading surface.
- Such measurements can be obtained on a VIR Electronic Thickness Tester Model II available from Thwing-Albert Instrument Company, Philadelphia, PA. The caliper measurement is repeated and recorded at least five (5) times so that an average caliper can be calculated. The result is reported in millimeters.
- Apparent Density or “Density” as used herein means the basis weight of a sample divided by the caliper with appropriate conversions incorporated therein. Apparent density used herein has the units g/cm 3 .
- Softness of a fibrous structure according to the present invention and/or a sanitary tissue product comprising such fibrous structure is determined as follows. Ideally, prior to softness testing, the samples to be tested should be conditioned according to Tappi Method #T4020M-88. Here, samples are preconditioned for 24 hours at a relative humidity level of 10 to 35% and within a temperature range of 22° C to 40° C. After this preconditioning step, samples should be conditioned for 24 hours at a relative humidity of 48% to 52% and within a temperature range of 22 0 C to 24 0 C. Ideally, the softness panel testing should take place within the confines of a constant temperature and humidity room. If this is not feasible, all samples, including the controls, should experience identical environmental exposure conditions.
- Softness testing is performed as a paired comparison in a form similar to that described in "Manual on Sensory Testing Methods", ASTM Special Technical Publication 434, published by the American Society For Testing and Materials 1968 and is incorporated herein by reference. Softness is evaluated by subjective testing using what is referred to as a Paired Difference Test. The method employs a standard external to the test material itself. For tactile perceived softness two samples are presented sucli that the subject cannot see the samples, and the subject is required to choose one of them on the basis of tactile softness. The result of the test is reported in what is referred to as Panel Score Unit (PSU). With respect to softness testing to obtain the softness data reported herein in PSU, a number of softness panel tests are performed.
- PSU Panel Score Unit
- each test ten practiced softness judges are asked to rate the relative softness of three sets of paired samples.
- the pairs of samples are judged one pair at a time by each judge: one sample of each pair being designated X and the other Y.
- each X sample is graded against its paired Y sample as follows:
- a grade of plus one is given if X is judged to may be a little softer than Y, and a grade of minus one is given if Y is judged to may be a little softer than X;
- a grade of plus two is given if X is judged to surely be a little softer than Y, and a grade of minus two is given if Y is judged to surely be a little softer than X;
- a grade of plus four is given to X if it is judged to be a whole lot softer than Y, and a grade of minus 4 is given if Y is judged to be a whole lot softer than X.
- the grades are averaged and the resultant value is in units of PSU.
- the resulting data are considered the results of one panel test. If more than one sample pair is evaluated then all sample pairs are rank ordered according to their grades by paired statistical analysis. Then, the rank is shifted up or down in value as required to give a zero PSU value to which ever sample is chosen to be the zero-base standard. The other samples then have plus or minus values as determined by their relative grades with respect to the zero base standard.
- the number of panel tests performed and averaged is such that about 0.2 PSU represents a significant difference in subjectively perceived softness.
- Ply or Plies as used herein means an individual fibrous structure optionally to be disposed in a substantially contiguous, face-to-face relationship with other plies, forming a multiple ply fibrous structure. It is also contemplated that a single fibrous structure can effectively form two "plies” or multiple "plies", for example, by being folded on itself.
- the fibrous structure and/or sanitary tissue product of the invention may be a single ply web or may be one ply or a multi-ply structure.
- a multi-ply fibrous structure may be comprised of multiple plies of a fibrous structure of the present invention or of a combination of a plies, at least one of which is a fibrous structure ply of the present invention.
- User as used herein means a consumer and/or purchaser of a fibrous structure and/or sanitary tissue product, preferably a purchaser.
- Chargeristic means a quality or property inherent in a fibrous structure and/or sanitary tissue product. Aesthetics of a fibrous structure and/or sanitary tissue product are not a characteristic as defined herein. Nonlimiting examples of such characteristics include softness, absorbency, cleaning ability and/or strength.
- “Visually recognizable” as used herein as it pertains to a characteristic of a fibrous structure and/or sanitaiy tissue product means that by visual inspection of the fibrous structure and/or sanitary tissue product and/or via touching of the fibrous structure and/or sanitary tissue product, the user perceives that fibrous structure and/or sanitary tissue product as having a characteristic.
- embossment as used herein means a deformation of the fibrous structure or portion of the fibrous structure in the Z-plane such that the surface of the fibrous structure comprises a protrusion or a depression.
- the embossment may be made by conventional embossing procedures known in the art or they may be made by forming the fibrous structure on a deflection member such as described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,637,859 and/or on an imprinting carrier fabric as described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,301,746, 3,821,068, 3,974,025, 3,573,164, 3,473,576, 4,239,065 and 4,528,239.
- Embossments according to ⁇ the present invention may exhibit a dry structural height of at least about 100 ⁇ m and/or at least about 150 ⁇ m and/or at least about 200 ⁇ m and/or at least about 250 ⁇ m and/or at least about 300 ⁇ m and/or at least about 400 ⁇ m and/or at least about 500 ⁇ m and/or at least about 600 ⁇ m as measured by the Dry- Wet Structural Height Test Method.
- Embossments according to the present invention may exhibit a ratio of greatest geometric dimension to minimum geometric dimension (often referred to as an aspect ratio) of less than about 50:1 and/or less than about 30:1 and/or less than about 15:1 and/or less than about 10:1 and/or less than about 5:1 and/or less than about 2:1 and/or about 1:1.
- the embossments may be dots and/or dashes.
- a plurality of embossments may combine to form a "macro" pattern on the fibrous structure surface that encompasses and/or covers less than the entire surface of the fibrous structure.
- embossments there may be other deformations (protrusions or depressions) that are less visible on the fibrous structure that encompass and/or cover almost the entire surface of the fibrous structure. Such other deformations form a "micro" pattern on the fibrous structure surface.
- Signature element as used herein means a design that has a shape more complex than just a straight line, dot, dash or other simple shape.
- Nonlimiting examples of signature elements include flowers, hearts, and other user recognizable unitary designs.
- Signature elements may be signature bosses as described in U.S. Patent No. 5,620,776 to Schulz.
- the present invention is applicable to fibrous structures in general, including but not limited to conventionally felt-pressed fibrous structures; pattern densified fibrous structures; through-air-dried fibrous structures, , differential density fibrous structures, wet laid fibrous structures, air laid fibrous structures, conventional fibrous structures, meltblown fibrous structures, spunbond fibrous structures, rotary spun fibrous structures, high-bulk, uncompacted fibrous structures and mixtures thereof.
- the fibrous structures may be of a homogenous or multilayered construction; and the sanitary tissue products made therefrom may be of a single-ply or multi-ply construction.
- the fibrous structures may be made with a fibrous furnish that produces a single layer embryonic fibrous web or a fibrous furnish that produces a multi-layer embryonic fibrous web.
- the fibrous structure and/or sanitary tissue product comprises one or more plies of fibrous structure.
- the fibrous structure and/or sanitary tissue product may be in individual sheet form or may be in roll form. If in roll form, the fibrous structure and/or sanitary tissue product may comprise a core upon which the one or more plies of fibrous structure are convolutely wound.
- the fibrous structure and/or sanitary tissue product and/or plies from which the fibrous structure and/or sanitary tissue product is derived may be foreshortened, such as via creping, or non-forshortened, such as not creping; creped from a cylindrical dryer with a creping doctor blade, removed from a cylindrical dryer without the use of a creping doctor blade, or made without a cylindrical dryer.
- the fibrous structure and/or sanitary tissue products of the present invention are useful in paper, especially sanitary tissue sanitary tissue products including, but not limited to: conventionally felt-pressed tissue paper; through-air dried tissue paper; pattern densified tissue paper; and high-bulk, uncompacted tissue paper.
- the tissue paper may be of a homogenous or multilayered construction; and tissue sanitary tissue products in accordance with the present invention are of a multi-ply construction.
- the tissue paper preferably has a basis weight of between about 10 g/m 2 and about 120 g/m 2 , and density of about 0.60 g/cc or less.
- the basis weight will be below about 35 g/m 2 ; and the density will be about 0.30 g/cc or less.
- the density will be between about 0.04 g/cc and about 0.20 g/cc as measured by the Basis Weight Method described herein.
- the fibrous structure and/or sanitary tissue product may be made with a fibrous furnish that produces a single layer embryonic fibrous web or a fibrous furnish that produces a multi-layer embryonic fibrous web.
- the fibrous structure and/or sanitary tissue product may comprise an adhesive, such as a ply bond adhesive.
- the fibrous structures of the present invention and/or sanitary tissue products comprising such fibrous structures may have a basis weight of between about 10 g/m to about 120 g/m 2 and/or from about 14 g/m 2 to about 80 g/m 2 and/or from about 20 g/m 2 to about 60 g/m 2 .
- the fibrous structures of the present invention and/or sanitary tissue products comprising such fibrous structures may have a total dry tensile strength of greater than about 59 g/cm (150 g/in) and/or from about 78 g/cm (200 g/in) to about 394 g/cm (1000 g/in) and/or from about 98 g/cm (250 g/in) to about 335 g/cm (850 g/in).
- the fibrous structures of the present invention and/or sanitary tissue products comprising such fibrous structures may have a density of about 0.60 g/cc or less and/or about 0.30 g/cc or less and/or from about 0.04 g/cc to about 0.20 g/cc.
- the fibrous structure of the present invention is a pattern densified fibrous structure characterized by having a relatively high-bulk field of relatively low fiber density and an array of densified zones of relatively high fiber density.
- the high-bulk field is alternatively characterized as a field of pillow regions.
- the densified zones are alternatively referred to as knuckle regions.
- the densified zones may be discretely spaced within the high-bulk field or may be interconnected, either fully or partially, within the high-bulk field.
- Processes for making pattern densified fibrous structures are well known in the art as exemplified in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,301,746, 3,974,025, 4,191,609 and 4,637,859.
- pattern densified fibrous structures are preferably prepared by depositing a papermaking furnish on a foraminous forming wire such as a Fourdrinier wire to form a wet fibrous structure and then juxtaposing the fibrous structure against a three-dimensional substrate comprising an array of supports. The fibrous structure is pressed against the three-dimensional substrate, thereby resulting in densified zones in the fibrous structure at the locations geographically corresponding to the points of contact between the array of supports and the wet fibrous structure. The remainder of the fibrous structure not compressed during this operation is referred to as the high-bulk field.
- This high-bulk field can be further dedensified by application of fluid pressure, such as with a vacuum type device or a blow-through dryer, or by mechanically pressing the fibrous structure against the array of supports of the three-dimensional substrate.
- the fibrous structure is dewatered, and optionally predried, in such a manner so as to substantially avoid compression of the high-bulk field. This is preferably accomplished by fluid pressure, such as with a vacuum type device or blow-through dryer, or alternately by mechanically pressing the fibrous structure against an array of supports of the three- dimensional substrate wherein the high-bulk field is not compressed.
- the operations of dewatering, optional predrying and formation of the densified zones may be integrated or partially integrated to reduce the total number of processing steps performed. Subsequent to formation of the densified zones, dewatering, and optional predrying, the fibrous structure is dried to completion, preferably still avoiding mechanical pressing.
- a fibrous structure 10 as shown in Fig. 1, comprises a surface 12 and a visually recognizable softness region 14 and a visually recognizable strength region 16.
- the visually recognizable strength region 16 may comprise one or more embossments 18.
- the visually recognizable strength region 16 comprises a plurality of embossments 18.
- the visually recognizable softness region 14 may comprise no embossments 18 and/or fewer embossments 18 than the visually recognizable strength region 16.
- the fibrous structure 10 may comprise a plurality of visually recognizable softness regions 14 and/or a plurality of visually recognizable strength regions 16.
- Each individual visually recognizable softness region 14 may be visually similar to another individual visually recognizable softness region 14 or they may be visually different from one another.
- one individual visually recognizable softness region 14 may essentially consists of no embossments 18 and another may consist of a plurality of embossments 18.
- a visually recognizable softness region 14 may be void of embossments 18, however, it may contain deformations that form a "micro" pattern.
- a visually recognizable softness region 14 may be void of signature elements.
- the embossments 18 may be combined to form a "stitch" appearance within a visually recognizable strength region 16.
- a visually recognizable softness region 14 may appear to be a pillow that is dispersed throughout a stitched portions (visually recognizable strength regions 16 for example).
- a fibrous structure surface area ratio of visually recognizable softness regions 14 to visually recognizable strength regions 16 may be at least about 1 :2 and/or at least about 1:3 and/or at least about 1:4 and/or at least about 1:5.
- the fibrous structure surface are ratio of visually recognizable softness regions 14 to visually recognizable strength regions 16 may be from about 1:10 to about 1:2 and/or from about 1:8 to about 1:2.5 and/or from about 1:6 to about 1:3 and/or from about 1:5 to about 1:3.
- a representative cross section of the fibrous structure 10 taken along line 2-2 is represented in Fig. 2.
- Fig. 2 shows the fibrous structure 10 and a plurality of embossments 18.
- the fibrous structure 10 comprises at least one fiber 20.
- a plurality of fibers 20 are shown in the embodiment of the fibrous structure 10.
- the embossments 18 may be domes.
- the embossments 18 appear to extend from (protrude from) a plane 22 of the fibrous structure 10 toward an imaginary observer looking in the direction of arrow B.
- the embossments 18 appear to be cavities or dimples or depressions.
- the portions of the fibrous structure 10 forming the embossments 18 can be intact; however, the portions of the fibrous structure 10 forming the embossments 18 can comprise one or more holes or openings extending essentially through the fibrous structure 10.
- At least one of the embossments may at least retain at least one of its dry properties such as its structural shape, height and the like after being wetted, such as after being saturated with water.
- the embossments may retain at least 10% and/or 20% and/or 30% and/or 40% and/or 50% and/or 60% of its dry structural height as measured according to the Dry- Wet Structural Height Test Method described herein.
- the embossment retains at least about 100% (even adding structural height to be greater than the dry height of the embossment) of its dry structural height as measured according to the Dry- Wet Structural Height Test Method described herein.
- the fibrous structures of the present invention may comprise, in addition to fibers, an optional additive selected from the group consisting of permanent and/or temporary wet strength resins, dry strength resins, wetting agents, lint resisting agents, absorbency- enhancing agents, immobilizing agents, especially in combination with emollient lotion compositions, antiviral agents including organic acids, antibacterial agents, polyol polyesters, antimigration agents, polyhydroxy plasticizers, softening agents, lotions and mixtures thereof.
- Such optional additives may be added to the fiber furnish, the embryonic fibrous web and/or the fibrous structure.
- Such optional additives may be present in the fibrous structures at any level based on the dry weight of the fibrous structure.
- the optional additives may be present in the fibrous structures at a level of from about 0.001 to about 50% and/or from about 0.001 to about 20% and/or from about 0.01 to about 5% and/or from about 0.03 to about 3% and/or from about 0.1 to about 1.0*% by weight, on a dry fibrous structure basis.
- the fibrous structures of the present invention may be made by any suitable process known in the art.
- the process comprises the step of forming a fibrous structure that comprises a visually recognizable softness region and a visually recognizable strength region.
- the process comprises the step of embossing a fibrous structure such that the fibrous structure comprises a visually recognizable softness region and a visually recognizable strength region.
- the fibrous structures of the present invention may be made by a process wlxerein a fibrous furnish is applied to a first foraminous member to produce an embryonic fibrous web.
- the embryonic fibrous web may then come into contact with a second foraminous member that comprises a deflection member to produce a visually recognizable softness region and a visually recognizable strength region within an intermediate fibrous web.
- the intermediate fibrous web may then be further dried to form a fibrous structure of the present invention.
- the fibrous structure may be subjected to any other suitable post processing steps such as calendering and/or embossing and/or converting.
- the GFM Primos Optical Profiler system measures the surface height of a sample using the digital micro-mirror pattern projection technique.
- the result of the analysis is a map of surface height (z) vs. xy displacement.
- the system has a field of view of 27 X 22 ram with an xy resolution of 21 microns.
- the height resolution should be set to between 0.10 and 1.00 micron.
- the height range is 64,000 times the resolution.
- a 11.33 cm (4.5 inch) wide by 20.32 cm (8 inch) long strip of a fibrous structure or sanitary tissue product to be tested is prepared.
- the sample is measured dry as described below. Holding one end of the sample vertically by the corners, a 10.16 cm (4 inch) long portion of the sample (1/2 of the length of the sample) at the distal end from where the sample is being held by the corners is dipped slowly and carefully into a pool of water. After the dipped portion of the sample is fully saturated, the saturated portion of the sample is removed from the water and dewatered by carefully laying the saturated portion of the sample on a dry sheet of Bounty ® paper towel avoiding any folds or wrinkles in the tissue.
- the portion of the sample being dewatered is carefully removed from the sheet of paper towel and placed on a second dry sheet of Bounty ® paper towel for 20 seconds.
- a third dry sheet of Bounty ® paper towel is similarly used for an additional 20 seconds.
- the portion of the sample that was saturated is carefully laid over a stainless steel square of size 130 x l30 x 2mm with a cut out of 90 x 90mm in the center.
- the sample can be very slightly tensioned so that when the stainless steel square is lying on a flat surface the fibrous structure or sanitary tissue product does not sag and/or touch the flat surface. Slightly touching the portion of the sample that was saturated where it contacts the steel square serves to tack the portion of the sample to the square and prevents further movement.
- the sheet is allowed to air dry for an additional 2 minutes prior to measurement as described below.
- the settings on the cold light source should be 4 and C, which should give a reading of 3000K on the display;
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP05729885A EP1794367A1 (en) | 2004-09-23 | 2005-03-23 | Patterned fibrous structures |
CA2581609A CA2581609C (en) | 2004-09-23 | 2005-03-23 | Patterned fibrous structures |
MX2007003484A MX2007003484A (en) | 2004-09-23 | 2005-03-23 | Patterned fibrous structures. |
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US29/213,823 USD508613S1 (en) | 2004-09-23 | 2004-09-23 | Surface pattern of a paper product |
US29/213,823 | 2004-09-23 | ||
US29/217,495 USD521250S1 (en) | 2004-09-23 | 2004-11-19 | Surface pattern of a paper product |
US29/217,495 | 2004-11-19 | ||
US63134404P | 2004-11-29 | 2004-11-29 | |
US60/631,344 | 2004-11-29 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2006036194A1 true WO2006036194A1 (en) | 2006-04-06 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/US2005/010011 WO2006036194A1 (en) | 2004-09-23 | 2005-03-23 | Patterned fibrous structures |
Country Status (3)
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CA (1) | CA2581609C (en) |
MX (1) | MX2007003484A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2006036194A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008001328A2 (en) * | 2006-06-29 | 2008-01-03 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Nonwoven fibrous structure comprising a multifilament fiber |
US7749355B2 (en) * | 2005-09-16 | 2010-07-06 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Tissue paper |
US8034215B2 (en) * | 2004-11-29 | 2011-10-11 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Patterned fibrous structures |
FR3079420A1 (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2019-10-04 | Antonio Marie Emile Salez | PROTECTIVE SQUARE FOR NON-STERILE SINGLE USE FOR REALIZING URINARY SELF-SOUNDING |
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EP1096069A2 (en) * | 1999-11-01 | 2001-05-02 | Fort James Corporation | Multi-ply absorbent paper product having impressed pattern |
US6395133B1 (en) * | 1998-11-23 | 2002-05-28 | The Procter And Gamble Company | Process for producing embossed multiply cellulosic fibrous structure having selective bond sites |
US6602577B1 (en) * | 2000-10-03 | 2003-08-05 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Embossed cellulosic fibrous structure |
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2005
- 2005-03-23 MX MX2007003484A patent/MX2007003484A/en active IP Right Grant
- 2005-03-23 CA CA2581609A patent/CA2581609C/en active Active
- 2005-03-23 WO PCT/US2005/010011 patent/WO2006036194A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (3)
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US6395133B1 (en) * | 1998-11-23 | 2002-05-28 | The Procter And Gamble Company | Process for producing embossed multiply cellulosic fibrous structure having selective bond sites |
EP1096069A2 (en) * | 1999-11-01 | 2001-05-02 | Fort James Corporation | Multi-ply absorbent paper product having impressed pattern |
US6602577B1 (en) * | 2000-10-03 | 2003-08-05 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Embossed cellulosic fibrous structure |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8034215B2 (en) * | 2004-11-29 | 2011-10-11 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Patterned fibrous structures |
US7749355B2 (en) * | 2005-09-16 | 2010-07-06 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Tissue paper |
WO2008001328A2 (en) * | 2006-06-29 | 2008-01-03 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Nonwoven fibrous structure comprising a multifilament fiber |
WO2008001328A3 (en) * | 2006-06-29 | 2008-03-20 | Procter & Gamble | Nonwoven fibrous structure comprising a multifilament fiber |
FR3079420A1 (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2019-10-04 | Antonio Marie Emile Salez | PROTECTIVE SQUARE FOR NON-STERILE SINGLE USE FOR REALIZING URINARY SELF-SOUNDING |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2581609C (en) | 2013-07-16 |
MX2007003484A (en) | 2008-10-24 |
CA2581609A1 (en) | 2006-04-06 |
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