WO2006021351A1 - Device for monitoring a coolant level in a cooling or air-conditioning system - Google Patents

Device for monitoring a coolant level in a cooling or air-conditioning system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006021351A1
WO2006021351A1 PCT/EP2005/008876 EP2005008876W WO2006021351A1 WO 2006021351 A1 WO2006021351 A1 WO 2006021351A1 EP 2005008876 W EP2005008876 W EP 2005008876W WO 2006021351 A1 WO2006021351 A1 WO 2006021351A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
air
evaporator
monitoring
refrigerant
refrigeration
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2005/008876
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Christian Kerschl
Original Assignee
Daimlerchrysler Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Daimlerchrysler Ag filed Critical Daimlerchrysler Ag
Publication of WO2006021351A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006021351A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00978—Control systems or circuits characterised by failure of detection or safety means; Diagnostic methods
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00735—Control systems or circuits characterised by their input, i.e. by the detection, measurement or calculation of particular conditions, e.g. signal treatment, dynamic models
    • B60H1/00792—Arrangement of detectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/005—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices of safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/04—Refrigerant level

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for monitoring the refrigerant level of a refrigeration or air conditioning.
  • a filling quantity of a refrigeration cycle is determined by determining the subcooling present at the condenser outlet. This requires pressure and temperature measurements with appropriate sensors to help identify hypothermia and protect the system from major damage.
  • a device for monitoring the refrigerant level of a refrigeration or air conditioning in such a way that larger refrigerant losses can be determined without the need for additional sensors for determining the supercooling in the refrigeration cycle based on the sensors already present in the vehicle.
  • This object is achieved by a device for monitoring the refrigerant level of a refrigeration and air conditioning with the features of claim 1.
  • Fig. 1 is a diagram of a device according to the invention for
  • Air conditioning and Fig. 2 shows a course of a temperature distribution at the
  • 1 denotes the entire air conditioner.
  • 2 denotes an evaporator, depending on the An occupant selected operating mode "circulating air” or “fresh air” either recirculated air or fresh air can be supplied.
  • the evaporator 2 is connected to a refrigerant circuit 3.
  • an expansion device 2a is formed before the entry of the refrigerant circuit 3 in the evaporator 2.
  • a Blasluftsler 7 is formed in each air channel 6, in which the air distributor 5 branches in.
  • the Blas povertyler 7 are connected to an analysis device 8, which compares the output signals of the individual Blasluftryler 7 taking into account the air distribution with each other and determines temperature differences and draws conclusions on the degree of filling of the refrigeration cycle based on the determined temperature differences.
  • the analysis device 8 determines from the output signals of the Blas Kunststoffenler 7 temperature differences and pulls it Conclusions about existing inhomogeneities in the temperature distribution on the surface of the evaporator 2. It then outputs, in the case of a detected inhomogeneity of the temperature distribution, a signal to a control device, which then eg taking into account a blower power, an outside temperature, a vehicle interior temperature, an evaporator temperature , a mode of operation fresh air / recirculation mode, a control of the refrigerant compressor can cause a shutdown of the refrigeration circuit in order to protect against damage occurring in the event of overheating, such as oil circulation.
  • a control device eg taking into account a blower power, an outside temperature, a vehicle interior temperature, an evaporator temperature , a mode of operation fresh air / recirculation mode

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for monitoring a coolant level in a cooling or air-conditioning system comprising an evaporator (2) suppliable with a circulating or fresh air according to an air conditioning mode selected by a passenger and a coolant circuit (3) connected to the evaporator (2), wherein an expansion device is mounted upstream of the coolant circuit (3) input into the evaporator (2), an heating heat exchanger (4) which is mounted downstream of the evaporator, an air distributor (5) and at least two air channels (6) branched therein. The invention is characterised in that a blast air sensor (7) is arranged in each air channel (6), an analysing device (8) is provided and the output signal of the blast air sensor (7) is transmittable thereto, the output signals of the individual blast air sensors (7) are compared therebetween, the temperature differences are determined and make it possible to deduce the coolant filling ratio, thereby making it possible to detect the inhomogeneities of temperature distribution on the evaporator surface which are reflected in the exhaust air directly impinging the blast air sensors in the air channels.

Description

Vorrichtung zur Überwachung des Kältemittelfüllstands einer Device for monitoring the refrigerant level of a
Kälte- oder KlimaanlageRefrigeration or air conditioning
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Überwachung des Kältemittelfüllstands einer Kälte- oder Klimaanlage.The invention relates to a device for monitoring the refrigerant level of a refrigeration or air conditioning.
Herkömmlich wird in Kälte- oder Klimaanlagen eine Füllmenge eines Kältekreislaufes durch Bestimmung der am Kondensatoraustritt vorhandenen Unterkühlung ermittelt. Dies erfordert eine Druck- und Temperaturmessung mit entsprechenden Sensoren, die eine Ermittlung der Unterkühlung ermöglichen und das System vor größeren Schäden schützt.Conventionally, in refrigeration or air conditioning systems, a filling quantity of a refrigeration cycle is determined by determining the subcooling present at the condenser outlet. This requires pressure and temperature measurements with appropriate sensors to help identify hypothermia and protect the system from major damage.
Jedoch ist diese Vorrichtung zur Überwachung des Kältemittelfüllstands einer Kälte- oder Klimaanlage aufwendig, da zusätzliche Sensoren benötigt werden, die störungsanfällig sein können und zusätzliche Kosten verursachen.However, this device for monitoring the refrigerant level of a refrigeration or air conditioning consuming because additional sensors are needed that can be prone to failure and cause additional costs.
Daher ist es Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine Vorrichtung zur Überwachung des Kältemittelfüllstands einer Kälte- oder Klimaanlage derart weiterzubilden, dass größere Kältemittelverluste ohne das Erfordernis zusätzlicher Sensorik zur Bestimmung der Unterkühlung im Kältekreislauf anhand der im Fahrzeug bereits vorhandenen Sensorik ermittelt werden können. Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe durch eine Vorrichtung zur Überwachung des Kältemittelfüllstands einer Kälte- und Klimaanlage mit den Merkmalen von Patentanspruch 1 gelöst. In den Unteransprüchen sind weitere bevorzugte vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung angegeben.It is therefore an object of the present invention, a device for monitoring the refrigerant level of a refrigeration or air conditioning in such a way that larger refrigerant losses can be determined without the need for additional sensors for determining the supercooling in the refrigeration cycle based on the sensors already present in the vehicle. This object is achieved by a device for monitoring the refrigerant level of a refrigeration and air conditioning with the features of claim 1. In the dependent claims further preferred advantageous developments of the invention are given.
Auf diese Weise kann, da ausschließlich die vorhandene Sensorik genutzt wird, ein zusätzlicher Temperatur-Sensor im Kältekreislauf entfallen, was zu einer Kostenersparnis führt. Auch ist es mit der vereinfachten Sensorik immer noch möglich, schleichende Leckungen zu erkennen.In this way, since only the existing sensor technology is used, an additional temperature sensor in the refrigeration cycle can be omitted, resulting in a cost savings. It is still possible with the simplified sensors to detect creeping leaks.
Diese und weitere Aufgaben, Merkmale und Vorteile der vorliegenden Erfindung werden aus der nachfolgenden detaillierten Beschreibung eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels der Erfindung in Verbindung mit der Zeichnung offensichtlich.These and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment of the invention taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Dabei zeigen:Showing:
Fig. 1 ein Schema einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zurFig. 1 is a diagram of a device according to the invention for
Überwachung des Kältemittelfüllstands einerMonitoring the refrigerant level of a
Klimaanlage und Fig. 2 einen Verlauf einer Temperaturverteilung an derAir conditioning and Fig. 2 shows a course of a temperature distribution at the
Oberfläche des Verdampfers für die FälleSurface of the evaporator for the cases
„Ausreichend Kältemittel" und „Kältemittelmangel"."Sufficient refrigerant" and "Low refrigerant".
Nachfolgend wird unter Bezugnahme auf Fig. 1 zunächst auf den schematischen Aufbau einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zur Überwachung des KältemittelfüllStands einer Klimaanlage genauer beschrieben.In the following, the schematic structure of a device according to the invention for monitoring the refrigerant charge level of an air conditioning system will be described in more detail with reference to FIG.
In Fig. 1 ist mit 1 das gesamte Klimagerät bezeichnet. Weiterhin bezeichnet 2 einen Verdampfer, dem abhängig vom von einem Insassen gewählten Betriebsmodus „Umluft" oder „Frischluft" entweder Umluft oder Frischluft zugeführt werden kann. Der Verdampfer 2 ist mit einem Kältemittelkreislauf 3 verbunden. Dabei ist vor dem Eintritt des Kältemittelkreislaufs 3 in den Verdampfer 2 eine Expansionseinrichtung 2a ausgebildet. Luft, die den Verdampfer 2 passiert hat, passiert dann einen Heizungs- Wärmetauscher 4 und erreicht danach einen Luftverteiler 5. In jedem Luftkanal 6, in die der Luftverteiler 5 hinein verzweigt, ist ein Blasluftfühler 7 ausgebildet. Die Blasluftfühler 7 sind mit einer Analyseeinrichtung 8 verbunden, die die AusgangsSignale der einzelnen Blasluftfühler 7 unter Berücksichtigung der Luftverteilung miteinander vergleicht und Temperaturdifferenzen ermittelt und anhand der ermittelten Temperaturdifferenzen Rückschlüsse betreffend den Füllungsgrad des Kältekreislaufs zieht.In Fig. 1, 1 denotes the entire air conditioner. Furthermore, 2 denotes an evaporator, depending on the An occupant selected operating mode "circulating air" or "fresh air" either recirculated air or fresh air can be supplied. The evaporator 2 is connected to a refrigerant circuit 3. In this case, an expansion device 2a is formed before the entry of the refrigerant circuit 3 in the evaporator 2. Air that has passed through the evaporator 2, then passes through a heating heat exchanger 4 and then reaches an air distributor 5. In each air channel 6, in which the air distributor 5 branches in, a Blasluftfühler 7 is formed. The Blasluftfühler 7 are connected to an analysis device 8, which compares the output signals of the individual Blasluftfühler 7 taking into account the air distribution with each other and determines temperature differences and draws conclusions on the degree of filling of the refrigeration cycle based on the determined temperature differences.
Wenn der Kältemittelkreislauf 3 über zu wenig Kältemittel verfügt, zeigt sich dies, wie aus Fig. 2 aus Kurve 2.) („Kältemittelmangel") ersichtlich, bei größeren Klimalasten durch eine inhomogene, d.h. ungleichmäßige, hohe Temperaturverteilung auf der Oberfläche des Verdampfers 2, nämlich durch eine ansteigende Überhitzung. Zum Vergleich ist in Fig. 2 als Kurve 1.) („Ausreichend Kältemittel") auch der Temperaturverlauf bei einer homogenen Temperaturverteilung bei ausreichend Kältemittel gezeigt. Die Inhomogenität der Temperaturverteilung bei einem Kältemittelmangel spiegelt sich auch in der ausströmenden Luft wieder, die die im Klimakasten oder in den Luftkanälen 6 angeordneten Blasluftfühler 7, die Temperaturfühler sind, direkt beaufschlagt.If the refrigerant circuit 3 has too little refrigerant, this is evident, as shown in FIG. 2 from curve 2) ("lack of refrigerant"), with larger climate loads due to an inhomogeneous, ie uneven, high temperature distribution on the surface of the evaporator 2, For comparison, the temperature profile with a homogeneous temperature distribution with sufficient refrigerant is shown in FIG. The inhomogeneity of the temperature distribution in the case of a refrigerant deficiency is also reflected in the outflowing air, which is directly applied to the blast air sensors 7, which are temperature sensors, arranged in the air box or in the air ducts 6.
Die Analyseeinrichtung 8 ermittelt aus den Ausgangssignalen der Blasluftfühler 7 Temperaturdifferenzen und zieht daraus Rückschlüsse über vorhandene Inhomogenitäten in der Temperaturverteilung auf der Oberfläche des Verdampfers 2. Sie gibt dann, im Fall einer erkannten Inhomogenität der Temperaturverteilung ein Signal an eine Steuereinrichtung ausgibt, die dann z.B. unter Berücksichtigung einer Gebläseleistung, einer Außentemperatur, eine Fahrzeug- Innentemperatur, einer Verdampfertemperatur, eines Betriebsmodus Frischluft/Umluftbetrieb, einer Ansteuerung des Kältemittelverdichters eine Abschaltung des Kältekreislaufs veranlassen kann, um vor im Fall einer Überhitzung auftretenden Schäden, wie z.B. Ölzirkulation, zu schützen. The analysis device 8 determines from the output signals of the Blasluftfühler 7 temperature differences and pulls it Conclusions about existing inhomogeneities in the temperature distribution on the surface of the evaporator 2. It then outputs, in the case of a detected inhomogeneity of the temperature distribution, a signal to a control device, which then eg taking into account a blower power, an outside temperature, a vehicle interior temperature, an evaporator temperature , a mode of operation fresh air / recirculation mode, a control of the refrigerant compressor can cause a shutdown of the refrigeration circuit in order to protect against damage occurring in the event of overheating, such as oil circulation.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Vorrichtung zur Überwachung des Kältemittelfüllstands einer Kälte- oder Klimaanlage mit einem Verdampfer (2) , dem abhängig vom von einem Insassen gewählten Betriebsmodus der Klimaanlage entweder Umluft oder Frischluft zugeführt werden kann, einem mit dem Verdampfer (2) verbundenen Kältemittelkreislauf (3) , wobei vor dem Eintritt des Kältemittelkreislaufs (3) in den Verdampfer (2) eine Expansionseinrichtung (2a) ausgebildet ist, einem dem Verdampfer nachgeschalteten Heizungs- Wärmetauscher (4) und einem Luftverteiler (5) , der in zumindest zwei Luftkanäle (6) hinein verzeigt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in jedem der Luftkanäle (6) ein Blasluftfühler (7) ausgebildet ist und weiterhin eine Analyseeinrichtung (8) vorgesehen ist, der ein AusgangsSignal der Blasluftfühler (7) zugeführt ist und die Ausgangssignale der einzelnen Blasluftfühler (7) miteinander vergleichen und Temperaturdifferenzen ermitteln und anhand der ermittelten Temperaturdifferenzen Rückschlüsse betreffend den Füllungsgrad des Kältekreislaufs ziehen kann. 1. Device for monitoring the refrigerant level of a refrigeration or air conditioning system with an evaporator (2), which can be supplied depending on the selected by an occupant operating mode of the air conditioning either circulating air or fresh air, connected to the evaporator (2) refrigerant circuit (3), wherein prior to the entry of the refrigerant circuit (3) in the evaporator (2) an expansion device (2a) is formed, a downstream of the evaporator heating heat exchanger (4) and an air distributor (5), in at least two air ducts (6) into , characterized in that in each of the air ducts (6) a Blasluftfühler (7) is formed and further an analysis device (8) is provided, which is supplied with an output signal of the Blasluftfühler (7) and compare the output signals of the individual Blasluftfühler (7) and determine temperature differences and on the basis of the determined temperature differences conclusions be aptly can draw the degree of filling of the refrigeration cycle.
2. Vorrichtung zur Überwachung des Kältemittelfüllstands einer Kälte- oder Klimaanlage nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Blasluftfühler (7) in einem Klimakasten und/oder den zumindest zwei Luftkanälen (6) angeordnet sind.2. Device for monitoring the refrigerant level of a refrigeration or air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that the Blasluftfühler (7) in a climate box and / or the at least two air channels (6) are arranged.
3. Vorrichtung zur Überwachung des Kältemittelfüllstands einer Kälte- oder Klimaanlage nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Analyseeinrichtung (8) Informationen über die Luftverteilung zugeführt sind und die Analyseeinrichtung (8) die Ausgangssignale der einzelnen Blasluftfühler (7) unter Berücksichtigung der Informationen über die Luftverteilung miteinander vergleicht und Temperaturdifferenzen ermittelt.3. A device for monitoring the refrigerant level of a refrigeration or air conditioning system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the analysis device (8) information about the air distribution are supplied and the analysis device (8) the output signals of the individual Blasluftfühler (7) taking into account Comparing air distribution information and determining temperature differences.
4. Vorrichtung zur Überwachung des Kältemittelfüllstands einer Kälte- oder Klimaanlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Analyseeinrichtung (8) anhand der ermittelten Temperaturdifferenzen Inhomogenitäten der Temperaturverteilung und dadurch einen Mangel an Kältemittel erkennt .4. Device for monitoring the refrigerant level of a refrigeration or air conditioning system according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the analysis device (8) detects inhomogeneities of the temperature distribution and thereby a lack of refrigerant based on the determined temperature differences.
5. Vorrichtung zur Überwachung des Kältemittelfüllstands einer Kälte- oder Klimaanlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Analyseeinrichtung (8) Informationen über Gebläseleistung, Außentemperatur, Fahrzeuginnentemperatur, Verdampfertemperatur, Frischluft/Umluftbetrieb und/oder Ansteuerung eines Kältemittelverdichters zugeführt sind, die für die Rückschlüsse betreffend den Füllungsgrad des Kältekreislaufs anhand der ermittelten Temperaturdifferenzen verwendbar sind. 5. Device for monitoring the refrigerant level of a refrigeration or air conditioning system according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the analysis device (8) information about blower power, outside temperature, vehicle interior temperature, evaporator temperature, fresh air / recirculation mode and / or control of a refrigerant compressor are supplied for the Conclusions regarding the degree of filling of the refrigeration cycle can be used on the basis of the determined temperature differences.
PCT/EP2005/008876 2004-08-21 2005-08-16 Device for monitoring a coolant level in a cooling or air-conditioning system WO2006021351A1 (en)

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DE102004040570.0 2004-08-21
DE200410040570 DE102004040570B3 (en) 2004-08-21 2004-08-21 Device for monitoring the refrigerant level of a refrigeration or air conditioning system

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WO2010037464A1 (en) * 2008-10-01 2010-04-08 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Method for controlling or regulating a vehicle air conditioning system

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DE102020111744A1 (en) 2020-04-30 2021-11-04 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft METHOD FOR DETERMINING A FUNCTIONAL STATE OF AN AIR CONDITIONING DEVICE

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