WO2005079103A1 - A system and method of managing connections with an available network - Google Patents
A system and method of managing connections with an available network Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005079103A1 WO2005079103A1 PCT/US2005/004167 US2005004167W WO2005079103A1 WO 2005079103 A1 WO2005079103 A1 WO 2005079103A1 US 2005004167 W US2005004167 W US 2005004167W WO 2005079103 A1 WO2005079103 A1 WO 2005079103A1
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- connection
- communication network
- profiles
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
- H04L63/20—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for managing network security; network security policies in general
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F12/00—Accessing, addressing or allocating within memory systems or architectures
- G06F12/02—Addressing or allocation; Relocation
- G06F12/08—Addressing or allocation; Relocation in hierarchically structured memory systems, e.g. virtual memory systems
- G06F12/10—Address translation
- G06F12/1081—Address translation for peripheral access to main memory, e.g. direct memory access [DMA]
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- G06F21/30—Authentication, i.e. establishing the identity or authorisation of security principals
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- G06F21/50—Monitoring users, programs or devices to maintain the integrity of platforms, e.g. of processors, firmware or operating systems
- G06F21/52—Monitoring users, programs or devices to maintain the integrity of platforms, e.g. of processors, firmware or operating systems during program execution, e.g. stack integrity ; Preventing unwanted data erasure; Buffer overflow
- G06F21/53—Monitoring users, programs or devices to maintain the integrity of platforms, e.g. of processors, firmware or operating systems during program execution, e.g. stack integrity ; Preventing unwanted data erasure; Buffer overflow by executing in a restricted environment, e.g. sandbox or secure virtual machine
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- G06F21/50—Monitoring users, programs or devices to maintain the integrity of platforms, e.g. of processors, firmware or operating systems
- G06F21/52—Monitoring users, programs or devices to maintain the integrity of platforms, e.g. of processors, firmware or operating systems during program execution, e.g. stack integrity ; Preventing unwanted data erasure; Buffer overflow
- G06F21/54—Monitoring users, programs or devices to maintain the integrity of platforms, e.g. of processors, firmware or operating systems during program execution, e.g. stack integrity ; Preventing unwanted data erasure; Buffer overflow by adding security routines or objects to programs
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- H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
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- H04W88/06—Terminal devices adapted for operation in multiple networks or having at least two operational modes, e.g. multi-mode terminals
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of establishing electronic communication between mobile devices (e.g. laptops, cellular telephones, and personal digital assistants (PDAs) and available communication networks (including dedicated connections) at different locations. More specifically, the present invention relates to a system and method of managing connections between a mobile device and available networks. This is accomplished by determining an appropriate connection profile at each location based on criteria such as availability, priority etc. and then establishing a connection at that location based on the profile. In the event a first attempt to establish a connection fails, the system attempts to establish a connection utilizing another profile (with the next highest priority). 2. Introduction
- a portable electronic device which may be connected to one or more other computer systems and/or servers, such as by wireless connections (Bluetooth, IrDA), local area networks (LAN, direct or wireless (W - 802.11 and GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) and traditional dial-up modems (e.g. PPP (Point-to-Point protocol), USB, GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication) etc.).
- Mobile devices have many possibilities to connect to one or more available networks and a myriad of protocols exist to facilitate the connections. With the many communication options that are available today, most devices are configured to facilitate only a particular type of connection that must be selected manually by the user. It should be understood to those skilled in the art that a reference to communication networks in this application includes point-to-point direct communication over a dedicated connection.
- the present invention relates to a system and method for automatically managing connections between a mobile device and one or more available networks as a user moves from one location to another, i accordance with one aspect of the present invention, the connection manager feature uses algorithms that rely on several connection properties, particularly priority, availability, and usability to determine an appropriate network or networks (including dedicated connections) with which to connect the mobile device.
- connection manager determines the most appropriate profile to connect to a communication network based on several criteria.
- the connection manager determines the availability of a profile by querying each "plug-in" (code responsible for establishing a physical connection) in the profile. If all the plug-ins are available, then the profile is available. Availability may change depending on system configuration and external circumstances.
- a mobile phone indicates signal strength information.
- the present invention indicates the availability based on the signal strength of the network.
- the connection algorithm does not attempt connections that are not available.
- a WiFi driver determines in the background if a WiFi network is available or not.
- a Bluetooth connection may be unavailable if there are no other Bluetooth devices within range.
- the user determines the usability of a profile by checking it in a list of profiles for a connection type. Only the checked profiles in the list are usable. When an automatic connection is requested, the connection manager feature considers only the usable profiles. A user may decide to disable a mobile device in the event the user decides for some reason to not use a particular profile.
- Each profile also has a priority assigned to it. Profiles with a higher priority
- LAN technologies are generally fast and economic while WAN technologies (dialed or PPP) are generally slow and expensive.
- WAN technologies dialed or PPP
- LAN technologies have a higher priority than WAN technologies.
- the connection manager attempts a connection based on the next available profile with the highest priority, until a connection is established or there are no more available profiles.
- the system and method uses algorithms for searching for a connection profile that fits a search criteria or search string that is specified and other parameters such as availability, priority, and ability to use, for example, whether the device is disabled or enabled.
- connection profile representation that facilitates easy manipulation at the application level.
- connection profiles may be easily exchanged externally (between remote devices).
- the connection manager facilitates remote (between remote devices) configuration and administering of connection profiles.
- a mobile device may be remotely configured via a wireless communication, for example, by using a short messaging system (SMS) or while performing a synchronization (e.g. HotSync) operation that is commonly performed between a device such a personal digital assistant (e.g. a Palm device) and a desktop computer.
- SMS short messaging system
- HotSync synchronization
- a personal digital assistant e.g. a Palm device
- the system and method of the present invention contemplates the structures that manage the connection manager and all the various kinds of connections.
- the connection manager may simultaneously connect to different networks (including dedicated connections) depending on the various application running or depending on the demands of a particular application.
- the present invention comprises a system and method with connection manager features that accomplish connections between a remote mobile device and available and appropriate networks.
- FIG. 1 illustrates the basic components of a computing device (e.g. a laptop or
- PDA device to present the environment in which the various aspects of the present invention are practiced
- FIG. 2 illustrates the architecture of a connection manager feature in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention as noted in the computing device;
- FIG. 3 is the relationship between the user interface, input/output, system process, and database manager processes that interact to facilitate the connection capabilities of the connection manager features in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 4 is one example of a graph of a common connection type stored in the connection manager database associated with the connection manager.
- FIG. 5 illustrates the plug-ins (an active object or code used to configure and control a communication component) and interfaces (a way to abstract nodes of the graph that are equivalent from a certain point of view) in a communication manager graph ("CMG") in accordance with one preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- CMG communication manager graph
- FIG. 1 Figure 1 (FIG. 1) and its related discussion are intended to provide a brief, general description of a suitable computing environment in which the various aspects of the preferred embodiments of the present invention may be implemented.
- the systems and processes of the present invention described here are largely applicable to establishing communication between electronic devices (portable computer systems such as laptops, cell phones, pagers etc.) and communication networks.
- portable-type computer system such as laptops, cell phones, pagers etc.
- PDA personal digital assistant
- an embodiment of the present invention is described here by way of example with respect to an exemplary portable or mobile computer system, e.g. a PDA.
- program modules may include routine programs, objects, components, data structures, etc., that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types or functions.
- program modules may include routine programs, objects, components, data structures, etc., that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types or functions.
- the various aspects of the invention may also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are variously performed by remote processing devices that are linked through a communications network, hi a distributed computing environment, program modules may be located in both local and remote memory storage devices.
- the portable or mobile computer system includes a general purpose computing device 100, including a central processing unit (CPU) 120.
- a system memory 130 and various other system components are coupled by a system bus 110 to the CPU 120.
- the system bus 110 may be any of several types of bus structures including a memory bus or memory controller, a peripheral bus, or a local bus using any of a variety of bus architectures.
- the system memory 130 includes read only memory (ROM) 140 (typically comprising flash memory as in a PDA) to store operating system and application code, and random access memory (RAM) 150 to store temporary data for applications.
- ROM read only memory
- RAM random access memory
- the computing device 100 also includes a basic input device 152, such as a keyboard or a touch screen (for use with a stylus in the event of a Palm PDA device) that are used to receive data from a user.
- the computing device 100 further includes a basic output device 154, such as an LCD, to display user interfaces (UT) and other information to the user.
- a storage device 160 such as a hard drive would also be included.
- the computing device 100 includes a communication interface 180 to communicate with a communication network.
- a communication interface 180 include wireless communications hardware (e.g., GPRS (General Packet Radio Service), WiFi, etc.) and direct communications hardware (e.g., dial-up modem and direct LAN connection).
- wireless communications hardware e.g., GPRS (General Packet Radio Service), WiFi, etc.
- direct communications hardware e.g., dial-up modem and direct LAN connection.
- a communication link is coupled to a cradle or cable dock (not shown) associated with the PDA device for receiving and initiating communication with computer system 100 over a communication line.
- the cradle provides an electrical and mechanical communication interface or link between the computer system 100 for two-way communications, hi one exemplary embodiment, the communication link including the cradle and the line may be a serial communication link or a USB link.
- the computer system 100 may also contain a wireless infrared communication mechanism for sending and receiving information to or from other devices with which communication is desired.
- the communication link may be a serial communication port, but could also alternatively, be any of a number of well-known communication standards and protocols, e.g., parallel, SCSI, Firewire (IEEE 1394), Ethernet, etc.
- the computer system 100 may also contain one or more other wireless communication mechanisms, e.g., cellular phone, Bluetooth and/or wireless LAN (e.g., IEEE 802.11), for instance, all of which may be used to establish the communication link between the portable computer system 100 and the host computer or with the Internet directly.
- the operating system and application code stored in the ROM 140 defines an Input/Output system based on a STREAMS framework for establishing communication.
- a STREAMS framework is an established framework for building modular communication protocols.
- other network architecture known to those skilled in the art may be used instead of a STREAMS framework.
- STREAMS drivers and modules known to those skilled in the art are opened and linked together.
- communication may be initiated by opening a serial port, which is opened by opening a STREAMS driver.
- a connection to the Internet is established by opening and linking several drivers or modules, depending on the technologies that are used to access the Internet.
- the STREAMS framework and the IOS Input/Output System
- the applications and system do not directly interact with STREAMS drivers and modules.
- connection manager 200 is a component used to create, configure and establish any type of connection on the handheld or other computing device 100 whether it is considered a client or server or combination of both.
- the connection manager 200 comprises various configuration panels and is responsible for implementing connections between the device 100 and a communication network (reference numeral 205 generally indicates communication links to communication networks).
- the connection manager 200 effectively manages all types of connections that are possible in today's communication environment.
- connection manager 200 defines a data
- connection profile is an object that orders plug-ins and configuration settings for each plug-in that is referenced.
- a plug-in is a piece of code that is responsible for configuring and connecting one or more communications components that implement one or more protocols that dictate a physical connection.
- a plug-in may also contain instructions to configure user interface components to implement a physical connection.
- the connection manager 200 creates connection profiles, either manually via a "Wizard” interface or automatically via APIs (Application Program Interface) or downloading from external locations. It can modify connection profiles, either manually via a UI interface or automatically via APIs.
- Connection profiles are typically stored in a connection profile database 202, but also may be private to a particular system application.
- the connection manager 200 communicates with the comiection profile database 202 as indicated by communication line 203 and manages the connection profiles database 202. It allows the user, the overriding applications or the system to perform any of a myriad of tasks, for example, to edit, to create, to delete, to change, to connect, or to disconnect any of the connection profiles that are stored in the connection profiles database.
- a connection profile may be created to represent any kind of physical connection known to those skilled in the art.
- a connection profile is created by defining a sequence of plug-in and interface nodes from a connection manager graph (examples of which are shown in Figures 4 and 5) that forms a complete path from a high level component to a lower-level component that actually establish a physical connection.
- a phone dial-up internet connection profile consists of several items, such as a dial-up item that defines dial-up parameters (e.g. phone number), a PPP element that defines PPP parameters (e.g. login, password), a phone item that defines phone parameters (e.g. phone driver), etc.
- IOS IOS
- connection manager plug-in defines code to handle the technology, for example, how to connect, how to edit, user parameters, and so on.
- Connection profile items are mere references to connection manager plug-ins (a PPP item designates the PPP plug-in).
- connection manager 200 provides a standard connection API (Application
- connection manager 200 uses information stored in the comiection profiles database 202.
- a particular connection profile defines the plug-ins, that is, the communication protocols that are involved in establishing a connection.
- the connection manager 200 solicits plug-ins, along line 212 (see plug-in entry points) according to a particular connection profile that is determined.
- the algorithms used by the connection manager 200 to search for connection profiles are described in greater detail below.
- the interaction between the system or the user with the connection manager database 202 is also described in greater detail later in this application.
- a connection is illustrated by a standard IP connection over a PPP link.
- a CncProfileFindConnect function is presented in terms of functionality.
- a PDA device such as a Palm
- the serial port (Serial Plug-in) is opened.
- a number Phone or Modem Plug-in
- PPP plug-in network access information is exchanged.
- the Internet Protocol is run over PPP.
- connection manager 200 provides a unified approach to establishing physical connections.
- An example set forth below illustrates how the coimection manager 200 in conjunction with the BSD socket API create a physical normal connection (IP, Serial, RfCom, IrComm):
- connection manager 200 architecture may also be used to store "service level connections.”
- service level plug-in A TCP plug-in is in charge of opening a TCP socket. The plug-in needs two parameters: the IP address (or name of the server) and the name or identification of the requested TCP service.
- IP address or name of the server
- ID or identification of the requested TCP service.
- An application using a TCP profile would appear as follows:
- connection manager 200 may also be used to manage application level profiles such as HOTSYNC, SMTP or OBEX connections.
- the connection manager 200 communicates along line 209 with the API profile interface shown by system block 210.
- Some examples of application level profiles are illustrated below:
- a socket call may be placed before any Internet connection is available (and so without calling CncConnect("IP/*")).
- CncConnect("IP/*) instead of sending an error message (e.g. "Network unreachable" for display at the output device 154 (see
- the socket algorithm may choose to try to open an "IP/* " connection profile before building the socket.
- the CncProfileConnect function returns a file descriptor.
- This file descriptor is provided by the IOS. Applications and other shared libraries will normally use this file descriptor to read/write data, configure the connection or close it. IOS API will be used for this purpose.
- connection manager progress user interface 220 takes place in the connection manager thread 224 (see Figure 3).
- Figure 3 also represents a main UI thread 229 (illustrating application code 231 and connection manager SHIM 227) and IOS thread 233 (showing IOS server code 235).
- the IO process 237 communicate with the system process 228 along pipe 241.
- a persistent connection is an active connection that may exist independently of the process that activates it.
- the system resources that define a persistent connection have to be managed by a process other than one that activates the persistent comiection.
- connection shut downs generally should only occur responsive to a user request or perhaps automatically due to inactivity for a period of time (e.g. after a timeout period passes).
- connection manager 200 facilitates storage of state information about persistent connections.
- the connection manager 200 provides an API to test the state of a comiection.
- the connection manager 200 is notified by communication components about the state of connections. For example, IP and PPP have threads in the system process that communicates with the coimection manager 200 about connections and disconnections.
- connection manager clients are notified of asynchronous operations.
- Each connection manager client is connected to the connection manager thread 224 via an IOS pipe.
- a client request is carried on the pipe.
- the connection server handles the request and replies to the client via the same pipe.
- connection manager 200 Referring specifically to Figure 3, the operation of the connection manager 200 is described with an assumption that the caller is the main thread of the user interface (Ui) process 226. Background processes, other UI process threads or other system threads may use the connection manager API shown generally by system block 208.
- a comiection manager library (the SHIM, code to call the comiection manager, indicated by reference numeral 227 in Figure 3) under control of a database manager process 230 initiates communication with the connection manager thread 224 via a pipe 225.
- the connection manager thread 224 creates a two-way communication channel 232 between itself and the calling process (from the UI process 226).
- connection manager thread 224 implements a simple "server,” polling the named pipe file descriptor as well as the "receive channel” file descriptor of all communication channels.
- the underplaying message protocol used by the connection manager thread 224 and the connection manager library is not defined at this point.
- the core of the connection manager 200 represented by a system block captioned as UI FRAMEWORK and indicated by reference numeral 206 is a generic frame that carries no • knowledge of a particular connection layer or a particular configuration parameter.
- the frame is responsible for using connection manager profiles and coimection manages plug-ins to activate the configuration UI components of a plug-in.
- the UI framework 206 handles transitions between forms and the creation, edits, and deletion of connection manager profiles
- connection profiles and connection plug-ins to create the actual connection is represented by a system block captioned CONNECTION ENGINE, and indicated by reference numeral 204.
- connection manager 200 provides a complete set of API, which are
- connection .API 208 may be the primary application interface to initiate and/or terminate a connection ' .
- the profile API 210 is the application interface to perform operations to create, edit, delete, or complete connection profiles.
- a database API represented by a system block 212 and indicated by reference numeral 212 is the interface to operations to create, edit, delete, and record connections in the connection profile database 202.
- a connection manager plug-in (see block captioned CM PLUGINS indicated by reference numeral 220) is a piece of code and the resources responsible for configuration and establishment of a layer within a communication stack. This layer may contain one or more communication components, and implement one or more protocols.
- a plug-in also contains the UI to configure the particular layer.
- Various examples of plug-in are Bluetooth, IP, PPP, USB, etc.
- plug-ins define some standard entry points called back by the comiection manager engine 204.
- Multiple plug-ins may be packaged in a module carrying the same code.
- a module defines at least one launch code for example, sysCnc.
- Another example is LaunchCmdGetPlugins, whereby the plug-in module will return the list and count of plug-ins defined in the module.
- a module may also define the sysCncPluginLaunchCmdRegister launch code.
- the comiection manager 200 calls it once the plug-ins defined in the module are added to the connection manager database 202 is where interfaces, edges, profiles, templates, etc. are defined. To avoid problems that may arise with depending on modules if particular module depends on plug-ins defined in another module, modules may recite "call back" functions. [0054] In an installation step (hard reset time or hot installation), the connection manager plug-in modules are registered (for example on a reset or HotSync notification) using the CncRegisterPluginModuleO API. hi a configuration step, the connection manager 200 loads the plug-ins module and calls the main entry point of the module with sysCncPluginLaunchCmdGetPlugins.
- the plug-in module returns the plug-ins array and plug- ins count.
- the connection manager 200 adds the plug-ins to its database 202. Then, the connection manager 200 calls the main entry point of the module with sysCncPluginLaunchCmdRegister.
- the plug-in module adds edges, interfaces, profiles, and templates to the database 202 or sets the Done field to false to be called back later.
- connection profile For a particular application to determine which profile to connect involves a process. For example, if a particular application wants to establish a connection with the Internet, the appropriate connection profile is determined by the system or the user rather than the application. In this case the application just knows that the profile to connect begins with a specific item referencing the technology that enables TCP/IP connections. [0056] hi accordance with a preferred aspect of the present invention, the connection
- connection manager 200 enables searching for profiles beginning with one or more well-known technologies.
- the connection manager 200 searches for connection profiles that fit a search string and several other parameters such as priority, usability, availability of profiles etc.
- the automatic connection algorithm uses search functions to determine the right profile to connect.
- a profile search string has the same format as a profile string but is terminated by the two chars: '/*'.
- connection manager database 202 in accordance with one exemplary embodiment may be organized as a graph of all common connection types (the "CMG").
- Figure 4 represents s a simplified example of such a graph.
- nodes are communication components and an edge (a, b) of components simply means that the component a can be directly used on top of the component b.
- Various plug-ins are illustrated in Figure 4.
- An IP Interface plug-in (“IPIF” in Figure 4) is indicated by reference numeral 240.
- IP Link Layer Plug-in (“ILL” in Figure 4) is indicated by reference numeral 242.
- A:Point-To-Point Protocol Plug-in (“PPP”) is indicated by reference numeral 244.
- An AT Dialer plug-in (“DataCaU”) is indicated by reference numeral 246.
- a Serial plug-in (“SERIAL”) is indicated by reference numeral 248.
- a CMG such as that illustrated in Figure 4 may be built as follows.
- the connection manager 200 and its plug-ins 220 ( Figure 2) build a default CMG consisting of all common connection paths.
- the associated connection manager plug-in is responsible of the evolution of the
- connection profiles will be normally stored in the connection manager database (see Figure 3).
- An application has the ability to manipulate private connection profiles that are invisible to other applications.
- a connection profile can reference other connection profiles, h such case and when needed (for example on connect), the profile is "linearized", i.e. profile references are expanded to the plug-ins/interfaces sequence they represent
- plug-ins functions When invoked with a profile, plug-ins functions will be able to access property list of other nodes in the same profile. For example, if the rs232 interface node is associated with a property list defining general rs232 parameters, the serial plug-in will be able to access these parameters.
- the node sequence of a profile may or may not be a valid path in the CMG.
- CMG just defines common paths. Applications will be able to define/use non-common paths, given that related communication components are designed to interact together. For example, a PPP client could be connected to a TCP socket by a PPP debug application, even if the
- CMG does not define such a path.
- the application program When making a physical connection, the application program generally interacts only with the highest level component, which defines the connection type, hi the example of a TCP/IP, the program application does not need to know about lower-level
- a connection manager interface represents a node of the connection manager graph.
- An interface is a way to abstract nodes of the graph that is equivalent from a certain point of view. Interfaces are not directly related to one communication component and don't come with code nor UI.
- IPIF IP Interface plug-in
- ILL IP Link Layer plug-in
- PPP Point-To-Point Protocol plug-in
- Serial Serial plug-in
- IRIF Infrared Interface plug-in
- IRIF Infrared Interface plug-in
- Bluetooth plug-in (“Bluetooth”) is indicated by reference numeral 260.
- the PluginsRoot interface (“PluginsRoot,” there is an edge from the PluginsRoot interface to each plug-in) is indicated by reference numeral 262.
- the Link interface (points to Serial, IRIF (Infrared) and Bluetooth)) is indicated by reference numeral 264.
- Profiles can be created by the user via the connection application, by programming or by software installation.
- the connection manager 200 also allows modification and management of existing profiles via the connection application or by programming.
- a program application can also create and manipulate private connection profiles that are visible only to the application.
- the connection manager 200 calls back each plug-in associated with each item of the profile.
- connection manager 200 deals with how to represent connection profile. In other words, how to easily manipulate connection profiles (which are list where each items can define parameters) from any programming language and how to enable the exchange of connection profiles between over a network (for example to implement configuration over the air).
- a string format is defined that easily represents any kind of connection profile.
- High-level languages have easy-to-use strings manipulation routines.
- the connection manager 200 of the present invention defines a format that eliminates classic exchange problems like endianess. As is well known to those skilled in the art, endianess deals with the pattern by which computers internally store numbers (byte ordering in native types, such as integers). It is the Internally, the connection manager 200 handles binary representations of connection profiles.
- a function will decode a string representation of a coimection profile to an internal binary representation, and another function will encode an internal binary representation of a profile in a string representation.
- a string is a list of plug-in names, with some values to indicate their configuration parameters.
- a coimection profile string is an external textual representation of a connection profile. It's a way to easily represent connection profiles. For example, connection wizard applications will use connection profile strings to create and store new connection profiles in the connection manager database.
- connection profile strings is: "al :pl/a2:p2/.../an:pn ", where al a2 ... an are nodes in the CMG and pi p2 ... pn are properties lists respectively labeling al a2 ... an profile nodes.
- Property lists are parameter values separated by commas.
- Binary parameters are encoded using a textual hexadecimal representation enclosed into braces.
- String parameters are enclosed into quotes. Special characters as well as the equal and quote signs must be represented with a quoted-printahle notation (—XT). Integers begins with a digit. Hexadecimal numbers begins
- connection profile Id is an integer value (uint32_t) that represents one, and only one, stored connection profile. It's the favorite way to reference an existing connection profile.
- the Connection Manager API does a great use of connection profile Ids. Plug-ins and interfaces have also Id.
- ⁇ element_name> is a sequence of chars. Some chars are not allowed: ': ', '— ', '/' or space. Examples: PPP, Phone, Serial.
- ⁇ param_string> is a quoted-printable string beginning and ending with simple quote.
- ⁇ param_binary> is a sequence of bytes. Each byte is represented by two hexadecimal digits beginning with '[' and ending with '] '. Example: [01779AF8280F].
- ⁇ param_integer> is an unsigned integer on 32 bits. It can be a decimal or hexadecimal representation. Example: 18972, 0xFEA4.
- /Script:LogS [" "7320434C49454E5400” //Send 'CLIENT' "64203100” //Delay 1 "7320434C49454E5400” //Send 'CLIENT "772056455200” // Wait 'VER' "00]” //End "/RS 232 at 115000bps” );
- connection manager 200 advantageously addresses past issues with network configuration, such as scalability, maintainability, flexibility.
- a network module has conditional code to call a particular task manager to dial a modem or to dial a cellular phone. If a new transport is added, for example Bluetooth, the network module has to be updated to include code to communicate with the Bluetooth API and understand Bluetooth parameters.
- connection manager 200 in accordance with a preferred embodiment, has the ability to "exchange" connection profiles and receive a connection profile either by HotSync, beaming or SMS operations. This advantageously allows for remote administration. Alternatively, beaming or sending configurations maybe done. Regardless of how the content (objects) is received, it is automatically registered and usable by the connection manager 200. The connection manager 200 is also automatically notified of incoming content (objects). The object can be sent or received with all transports provided by the libraries (SMS, email, Ir etc). For security reasons, these objects maybe signed and encrypted. [0079] Moreover, the connection manager 200 provides a generic "Connect" API.
- the connection manager 200 provides "incomplete connection profile" ability. Application can connect using a connection profile which is not entirely specified, and which is completed at run-time either automatically or with user intervention. There are two types of incomplete profiles: The path is not fully specified. For instance, an application may ask for a TCP/IP connection without specifying the kind of serial coimection. hi the event that some settings are missing, the application connects with an "AOL" profile where PPP login and passwords are missing.
- the connection manager 200 provides a non-UI mode for background task or for auto-reconnect mode.
- connection profiles are predefined in the ROM.
- a setup plug-in (see the "Setup CDB"), is launched by the Setup application after a hard-reset is provided, to create the profiles in the connection database in the RAM 150 . Moreover, if some profiles are incomplete, the plug-in adds steps in the Setup wizard to request them.
- the connection profiles are built by application, either some installation code or a dedicated application such as a phone application. An application can decide to keep a connection profile private by not storing it into the database and by providing an explicit connection string at connect time. A end-user may also create or complete connection profiles manually at any time.
- Coimection profiles are never created by the connection manager 200.
- connection manager plug-ins register with the connection manager 200, they will sometimes create default profiles.
- connection manager 200 does not interact directly with the I/O subsystem.
- the connection manager plug-ins 220 ( Figure 2) interact with the I/O subsystem to establish a connection.
- the connection manager plug-ins 220 are responsible for opening and configuring some communication components, through IOS calls, and for processing notification of some exceptional events.
- a plug-in asks its child to connect (it calls CncConfigureChild), get a file descriptor, push some modules on it, and return a new file descriptor.
- connection profiles stored in the connection manager database 202 ( Figure 2)
- Connection profile priorities are assigned either by programming or by the user.
- a profile is normally inserted in a list of equivalent profiles (for example all Internet profiles are in the same list). The priority is used to find the position of the profile in the list when the profile is first inserted.
- the order of the profiles in the list can be changed by programming (generally following a user action). Search algorithms always return profiles first regarding the list order. For example, the default Internet connection will be the first profile in the Internet list.
- Connection profiles have availability and state information. The availability says if the profile can be connected at this time (for example, if one puts a Palm device on its cradle a "Palm On The Cradle Internet Connection" becomes available). The state says if a profile is connected or not.
- Templates are special profiles used when creating a new profile. When creating a new profile, the user may have to choose a template that will be copied to a real profile. Macro profiles are profiles with the name beginning with ' ⁇ ' (kCncMacroSpecialChar) . Macro profiles are not attached to any plug-in or interface on creation. They are used as reference in profile or templates. The two special macros ⁇ REPLACE ⁇ and ⁇ USING ⁇ are used when the user creates new profiles.
- Link objects are used to associate several different names to a same profile. They act like symbolic links or shortcuts: they reference another object and when they are searched for, the real object they point to is returned. This is useful when creating default profiles with internationalized names, but also when such profiles can be referenced by others with a well known, internationalization independent, name. For example a link named "RS232 at 115200bps" can point to the international-related profile.
- connection manager provides an API to search the comiection manager database 202 for profiles that match a search string.
- the search string is comparable to a profile string, may or may not define node properties, and can be terminated by a joker.
- the search algorithm will use the CMG and the stored profiles to complete the search string in a valid profile string. For example, giving the "IP/* " search string, the algorithm will search for all Internet profiles.
- the search API will consist of at least two functions: CncProfileFindFirst, CncProfileFindNext.
- the first function creates a temporary search profile in the connection manager database 202 and performs a first search.
- the second function searches for the next profile.
- An application can call this function several times to retrieve all profiles corresponding to the search string.
- the CncProfileClose function is called to release the temporary search profile. Profiles are returned in an order related to profile order.
- profiles must be configured i.e., each plug-in, in the profile must have at least the parameters needed for a connection.
- the ROM 140 contains several communications components, such as TCP/IP, PPP, IrComm and frDA along with their plug-ins and predefined connection profiles.
- the connection manager 200 On first run, or after a hard reset, the connection manager 200 creates the profile database in the RAM 150 (see Figure 1).
- Each plug-in in ROM 140 has the responsibility to register with the connection manager 200 and to add default profiles. For instance, a profile named "Infrared connection" is created in the plug-in registry, providing a serial interface and requiring no interface. Now when the Nokia phone driver package comes in, it will create the Telephony profile "Nokia on Infrared connection" and the TCP/IP profile "Internet with Nokia via Infrared". It can even check what hardware is available on the device, and creates profiles accordingly (for instance, create Bluetooth profiles only if Bluetooth hardware
- the following API can be used from install code, configuration applications and third parties applications. Some restrictions can be applied if the application code is not trusted by the system. For example, a non-trusted application will not be able to get sensitive parameters such as VPN or PPP passwords.
- connection manager 200 includes the CncMgr.hfile and link against the CncClientLib.a stub library.
- the table set forth below indicates the availability constants relating this specific implementation.
Abstract
Description
Claims
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- 2005-02-08 WO PCT/US2005/003977 patent/WO2005079039A1/en active Application Filing
- 2005-02-08 US US10/588,879 patent/US20070136790A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-02-08 CN CNB2005800122633A patent/CN100476685C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-02-08 WO PCT/US2005/003975 patent/WO2005078571A2/en active Application Filing
- 2005-02-08 US US11/053,613 patent/US20050175030A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-02-08 WO PCT/US2005/003976 patent/WO2005078552A1/en active Application Filing
- 2005-02-08 CN CN2009100053578A patent/CN101526986B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-02-08 EP EP05713129A patent/EP1721233A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-02-09 EP EP05713247A patent/EP1714522A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-02-09 KR KR1020067018447A patent/KR101162786B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2005-02-09 CN CNA2005800122629A patent/CN1947450A/en active Pending
- 2005-02-09 US US11/055,491 patent/US8055249B2/en active Active
- 2005-02-09 JP JP2006552366A patent/JP2007525894A/en active Pending
- 2005-02-09 WO PCT/US2005/004167 patent/WO2005079103A1/en active Application Filing
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EP0781064A2 (en) * | 1995-12-21 | 1997-06-25 | Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd. | Multi-mode mobile terminal |
US20010023446A1 (en) * | 2000-02-24 | 2001-09-20 | Peter Balogh | Method and equipment for accessing a telecommunication network |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2008104088A (en) * | 2006-10-20 | 2008-05-01 | Ntt Docomo Inc | Wireless communication apparatus and method |
DE102016005492A1 (en) | 2016-05-03 | 2017-11-09 | Giesecke+Devrient Mobile Security Gmbh | Method for managing partially and / or incompletely loaded subscription data |
US11856647B2 (en) | 2016-05-03 | 2023-12-26 | Giesecke+Devrient Mobile Security Gmbh | Method for managing partly and/or incompletely loaded subscription data |
Also Published As
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KR20070055996A (en) | 2007-05-31 |
WO2005078552A1 (en) | 2005-08-25 |
KR101162786B1 (en) | 2012-07-04 |
CN101526986A (en) | 2009-09-09 |
WO2005078571A2 (en) | 2005-08-25 |
KR20070003917A (en) | 2007-01-05 |
EP1721233A1 (en) | 2006-11-15 |
CN100476685C (en) | 2009-04-08 |
CN1947081A (en) | 2007-04-11 |
US20050175030A1 (en) | 2005-08-11 |
EP1714522A1 (en) | 2006-10-25 |
CN101526986B (en) | 2012-03-28 |
WO2005079039A1 (en) | 2005-08-25 |
US8055249B2 (en) | 2011-11-08 |
US20050260989A1 (en) | 2005-11-24 |
CN1947450A (en) | 2007-04-11 |
KR101095769B1 (en) | 2011-12-21 |
US20070136790A1 (en) | 2007-06-14 |
JP2007523411A (en) | 2007-08-16 |
WO2005078571A3 (en) | 2006-06-15 |
JP4709166B2 (en) | 2011-06-22 |
JP2007525894A (en) | 2007-09-06 |
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