WO2005032410A2 - Removable stent - Google Patents

Removable stent Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005032410A2
WO2005032410A2 PCT/US2004/031844 US2004031844W WO2005032410A2 WO 2005032410 A2 WO2005032410 A2 WO 2005032410A2 US 2004031844 W US2004031844 W US 2004031844W WO 2005032410 A2 WO2005032410 A2 WO 2005032410A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
stent
sections
struts
section
transitional
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2004/031844
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2005032410A3 (en
Inventor
Thomas Nissl
Eric Mangiardi
Original Assignee
Alveolus Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alveolus Inc. filed Critical Alveolus Inc.
Priority to CA002540372A priority Critical patent/CA2540372A1/en
Priority to US10/573,950 priority patent/US7806918B2/en
Priority to AU2004277962A priority patent/AU2004277962A1/en
Priority to JP2006534027A priority patent/JP4546481B2/en
Priority to EP04789183A priority patent/EP1677706A4/en
Publication of WO2005032410A2 publication Critical patent/WO2005032410A2/en
Publication of WO2005032410A3 publication Critical patent/WO2005032410A3/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/86—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/90—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/91—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/86—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/90—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/91—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes
    • A61F2/915—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/86—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/90—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/91—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes
    • A61F2/915—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other
    • A61F2002/91516—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other the meander having a change in frequency along the band
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/86—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/90—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/91—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes
    • A61F2/915—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other
    • A61F2002/91533—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other characterised by the phase between adjacent bands
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/86—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/90—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/91—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes
    • A61F2/915—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other
    • A61F2002/9155—Adjacent bands being connected to each other
    • A61F2002/91566—Adjacent bands being connected to each other connected trough to trough
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/86—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/90—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/91—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes
    • A61F2/915—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other
    • A61F2002/9155—Adjacent bands being connected to each other
    • A61F2002/91575—Adjacent bands being connected to each other connected peak to trough
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/95—Instruments specially adapted for placement or removal of stents or stent-grafts
    • A61F2002/9528—Instruments specially adapted for placement or removal of stents or stent-grafts for retrieval of stents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2230/00—Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2230/0002—Two-dimensional shapes, e.g. cross-sections
    • A61F2230/0028—Shapes in the form of latin or greek characters
    • A61F2230/0054—V-shaped
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2250/00—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2250/0058—Additional features; Implant or prostheses properties not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2250/0059—Additional features; Implant or prostheses properties not otherwise provided for temporary

Definitions

  • the invention is relative to a stent with suture mediated removability features.
  • Stents are used for the permanent or also only temporary splinting of body canals that are closed or constricted as a consequence of a stenosis. Stents are introduced by catheter techniques and similar introductory aides into the intracorporal vessel in the area of the stenosis, where they function as vascular prosthesis for supporting the inner vascular walls.
  • the vascular walls can be traumatized during the placing and the removal of stents.
  • a stent can also traumatize the vessels in its placed state on account of its intrinsic movement.
  • the invention is therefore based on the problem of creating a stent that is improved as regards compatibility with the vessels and in the case of which the danger of injuring the vascular walls during placing or removal is reduced.
  • the support frame consists of at least two annular segments formed by struts that endlessly follow each other in a corrugated manner via transitional sections. Adjacent annular segments are coupled by connectors. Every second front transitional section on the end-side annular segments, viewed in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the stent, has a widened head end that projects axially opposite the adjacent transitional sections and has a convexly rounded front section and concavely rounded throat sections between the head end and the struts connected to the head end.
  • the head ends are optimized by being rounded off in order to improve their atraumatic function.
  • the rounded head ends assure a protective contact of the front ends of the stent on the vascular wall.
  • the stent in accordance with the invention traumatizes the vascular walls less during the placing and also during the removal of a stent.
  • Advantageous embodiments and further developments of the stent in accordance with the invention are characterized in dependent Claims 2 to 8.
  • the head ends are preferably configured in a mushroom shape, in which instance the convex front sections and the concave throat sections are connected to each other by rounded edge sections.
  • the throat sections preferably extend over the edge-side transitional sections of the adjacent struts at least in areas in the initial state of the stent and are adapted in their contour to the contour of the transitional sections.
  • deflection elements for a thread looping around the outside of the support frame are arranged on the end-side annular segments, viewed in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the stent.
  • the thread ends are deflected via the deflection elements into the interior of the support frame and firmly connected to each other there by a connector consisting preferably of a material visible in x-rays. In order to remove the stent the thread ends can be grasped on the connector.
  • the thread is constricted by pulling and the looped-around annular segment of the support frame is drawn together, whereupon the stent can be removed from the body canals.
  • This procedure substantially facilitates the explantation process of a stent.
  • the rounded head ends provided in accordance with the invention have a positive effect, in particular during the removal of a stent.
  • the danger of damaging the surrounding vascular walls is distinctly reduced.
  • the stent is extremely flexible in the non-expanded state and can readily follow the windings of body canals when being introduced into them. When widened out in the stenosis the stent is sufficiently stable to fulfill its function and to retain the necessary widened-out dimension.
  • the annular segments are connected to each other by connectors.
  • the connectors are preferably designed like struts and have a longitudinal section running substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the stent and have a compensation section aligned transversally to the latter and configured in a U shape. It is recommended for the practice that the U-shaped compensation section of the connectors be arranged in the area between two annular segments axially adjacent with an interval.
  • the stent has a high degree of support force and is stable in its length even during external compression.
  • the connectors extend out from the ridge area of two struts of an annular segment between two struts of the adjacent annular segment up to the transitional section of these struts.
  • This embodiment also supports the longitudinal stability of the stent.
  • the individual connectors are preferably aligned in axial succession between the annular segments. In this manner a slightly elastic support frame with a high return force is produced in the expanded state (support state) of the stent.
  • the stent is preferably manufactured from metal. All deformable, medically possible metals and metal alloys can be used in this connection, e.g. high-grade steel, cobalt alloys (phynox), pure iron or nickel-titanium alloys.
  • the support frame can basically also be additionally embedded in a jacket, e.g., consisting of plastic, e.g., latex or the like.
  • a jacket e.g., consisting of plastic, e.g., latex or the like.
  • the invention is described in detail in the following with reference made to an exemplary embodiment shown in the drawings. The invention is described in detail in the following using exemplary embodiments. Further objectives, features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
  • Figure 1 shows the developed view [uncoiling] of the support frame of a stent in accordance with the invention in the non-widened out state (initial state).
  • Figure 2 shows the support frame of the stent in the widened-out state (support state).
  • FIGS 1 , 2 show a stent 1 in accordance with the invention in a developed view of its otherwise tubular support frame 2.
  • Stent 1 is made of metal.
  • Figure 1 shows support frame 2 in its non-widened-out initial state A whereas figure 2 shows support frame 2 in support state S, that is widened out relative to initial state A.
  • Support frame 2 consists of several, a total of four in the exemplary embodiment shown here, annular segments 3 - 6. These segments are formed by struts 7, 8, 9, 10 that follow each other in an endless, corrugated manner and are interconnected via transitional sections 1 1 , 12.
  • Adjacent annular segments 3, 4; 4, 5 and 5, 6 are coupled by connectors 13 extending in the direction of longitudinal axis L of the stent.
  • Connectors 13 are designed like struts and comprise a longitudinal section 14 running substantially parallel to longitudinal axis L of the stent and comprise compensation section 15 aligned transversally to the latter and configured in a U shape. It can be recognized that U-shaped or V-shaped compensation sections 15 of connectors 13 are arranged in area 16 between two annular segments 3 - 6 that are axially adjacent with spacing.
  • Middle connector 13' comprises two equally long longitudinal sections 14' on both sides of its compensation section 15'. It can also be recognized that connectors 13 are aligned in axial succession between annular segments 3 - 6.
  • Connectors 13 extend in this instance from ridge area 1 7 of two struts 7, 8 of an annular segment 3 - 6 between two struts 7,8 of the adjacent annular segment to transitional section 1 1 of these struts 7, 8.
  • Every second front transitional section 12 comprises widened-out head end 18 projecting axially opposite adjacent transitional sections 1 1 on end-side, viewed in the direction of longitudinal axis L of the stent, annular segments 3 and 6.
  • Each head end 18 has a convexly rounded front section 19 and concavely rounded throat sections 20, 21 between head end 18 and struts 9, 10 connected to head end 18.
  • Head ends 18 are configured in a mushroom shape, in which instance convex front sections 19 and concave throat sections 20, 21 are connected to each other by rounded edge sections 22, 23. In this m ⁇ nner throat sections 20, 21 extend at least in areas over edge-side transitional sections 1 1 of adjacent struts 7, 8 in initial state A and cover them. The contour of throat sections 20, 21 is adapted to the contour of transitional sections 1 1 , so that the latter are intermeshed in initial state A. Rounded head ends 18 assure a protective contact of stent 1 on the vascular wall during placing. Even when stent 1 is being removed the vascular walls are less traumatized because head ends 18 make a gentle explantation possible.
  • Deflection elements 24, 25 in the form of eyelets are provided on end-side annular segments 3, 6, viewed in the direction of longitudinal axis L of the stent. These eyelets are articulated in a one-piece manner on the inner side of annular segments 3, 6 in transitional area I T.
  • a thread surrounding support frame 2 on its outside is deflected via deflection elements 23, 24 into the interior of support frame 2 where the yarn ends are firmly connected to each other by a connector consisting of a material visible in x-rays.
  • the thread ends can be grasped on the connector. The thread is constricted by pulling, during which the looped-around annular segment 3 or ⁇ is radially drawn together.
  • Stent 1 can subsequently be removed from the body canal, during which, as stated, rounded and widened-out head ends 18 assure a gentle removal of stent 1 .
  • the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics.

Abstract

The invention is relative to a stent (1) with a tubular support frame (2) consisting of axially successively following, interconnected annular segments (3, 4, 5) which support frame (2) is surrounded on its outside by a thread. The thread ends are guided via a deflection from the outside into support frame (2), where they are coupled by a connector consisting of a material visible in x-rays. Deflection is realized by two deflection elements (24, 25) in the form of eyelets provided on annular segments (3, 6). Deflection elements (24, 25) are arranged on the circumference of support frame (2) at an interval from one another and are provided on end-side annular segments (3, 6), viewed in longitudinal direction (L) of the stent (1).

Description

REMOVABLE STENT
FIELD OF INVENTION The invention is relative to a stent with suture mediated removability features. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Stents are used for the permanent or also only temporary splinting of body canals that are closed or constricted as a consequence of a stenosis. Stents are introduced by catheter techniques and similar introductory aides into the intracorporal vessel in the area of the stenosis, where they function as vascular prosthesis for supporting the inner vascular walls. However, the vascular walls can be traumatized during the placing and the removal of stents. A stent can also traumatize the vessels in its placed state on account of its intrinsic movement. The invention is therefore based on the problem of creating a stent that is improved as regards compatibility with the vessels and in the case of which the danger of injuring the vascular walls during placing or removal is reduced.
SUMMARY OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS The invention solves this problem in a stent in accordance with the features of protective Claim 1 . According to this claim the support frame consists of at least two annular segments formed by struts that endlessly follow each other in a corrugated manner via transitional sections. Adjacent annular segments are coupled by connectors. Every second front transitional section on the end-side annular segments, viewed in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the stent, has a widened head end that projects axially opposite the adjacent transitional sections and has a convexly rounded front section and concavely rounded throat sections between the head end and the struts connected to the head end. According to the invention the head ends are optimized by being rounded off in order to improve their atraumatic function. The rounded head ends assure a protective contact of the front ends of the stent on the vascular wall. Thus, the stent in accordance with the invention traumatizes the vascular walls less during the placing and also during the removal of a stent. Advantageous embodiments and further developments of the stent in accordance with the invention are characterized in dependent Claims 2 to 8. The head ends are preferably configured in a mushroom shape, in which instance the convex front sections and the concave throat sections are connected to each other by rounded edge sections. The throat sections preferably extend over the edge-side transitional sections of the adjacent struts at least in areas in the initial state of the stent and are adapted in their contour to the contour of the transitional sections. In another advantageous embodiment deflection elements for a thread looping around the outside of the support frame are arranged on the end-side annular segments, viewed in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the stent. The thread ends are deflected via the deflection elements into the interior of the support frame and firmly connected to each other there by a connector consisting preferably of a material visible in x-rays. In order to remove the stent the thread ends can be grasped on the connector. The thread is constricted by pulling and the looped-around annular segment of the support frame is drawn together, whereupon the stent can be removed from the body canals. This procedure substantially facilitates the explantation process of a stent. The rounded head ends provided in accordance with the invention have a positive effect, in particular during the removal of a stent. The danger of damaging the surrounding vascular walls is distinctly reduced. The stent is extremely flexible in the non-expanded state and can readily follow the windings of body canals when being introduced into them. When widened out in the stenosis the stent is sufficiently stable to fulfill its function and to retain the necessary widened-out dimension. As stated, the annular segments are connected to each other by connectors. In this instance the connectors are preferably designed like struts and have a longitudinal section running substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the stent and have a compensation section aligned transversally to the latter and configured in a U shape. It is recommended for the practice that the U-shaped compensation section of the connectors be arranged in the area between two annular segments axially adjacent with an interval. In this embodiment the stent has a high degree of support force and is stable in its length even during external compression. The previously mentioned features concerning the design of the connectors contribute to the fact that the stent does not experience any undesired or disadvantageous change in length in the expanded state. The connectors extend out from the ridge area of two struts of an annular segment between two struts of the adjacent annular segment up to the transitional section of these struts. This embodiment also supports the longitudinal stability of the stent. The individual connectors are preferably aligned in axial succession between the annular segments. In this manner a slightly elastic support frame with a high return force is produced in the expanded state (support state) of the stent. The stent is preferably manufactured from metal. All deformable, medically possible metals and metal alloys can be used in this connection, e.g. high-grade steel, cobalt alloys (phynox), pure iron or nickel-titanium alloys. The support frame can basically also be additionally embedded in a jacket, e.g., consisting of plastic, e.g., latex or the like. The invention is described in detail in the following with reference made to an exemplary embodiment shown in the drawings. The invention is described in detail in the following using exemplary embodiments. Further objectives, features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES Figure 1 shows the developed view [uncoiling] of the support frame of a stent in accordance with the invention in the non-widened out state (initial state). Figure 2 shows the support frame of the stent in the widened-out state (support state).
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF AN EMBODIMENT Figures 1 , 2 show a stent 1 in accordance with the invention in a developed view of its otherwise tubular support frame 2. Stent 1 is made of metal. Figure 1 shows support frame 2 in its non-widened-out initial state A whereas figure 2 shows support frame 2 in support state S, that is widened out relative to initial state A. Support frame 2 consists of several, a total of four in the exemplary embodiment shown here, annular segments 3 - 6. These segments are formed by struts 7, 8, 9, 10 that follow each other in an endless, corrugated manner and are interconnected via transitional sections 1 1 , 12. Adjacent annular segments 3, 4; 4, 5 and 5, 6 are coupled by connectors 13 extending in the direction of longitudinal axis L of the stent. Connectors 13 are designed like struts and comprise a longitudinal section 14 running substantially parallel to longitudinal axis L of the stent and comprise compensation section 15 aligned transversally to the latter and configured in a U shape. It can be recognized that U-shaped or V-shaped compensation sections 15 of connectors 13 are arranged in area 16 between two annular segments 3 - 6 that are axially adjacent with spacing. Middle connector 13' comprises two equally long longitudinal sections 14' on both sides of its compensation section 15'. It can also be recognized that connectors 13 are aligned in axial succession between annular segments 3 - 6. Connectors 13 extend in this instance from ridge area 1 7 of two struts 7, 8 of an annular segment 3 - 6 between two struts 7,8 of the adjacent annular segment to transitional section 1 1 of these struts 7, 8. Every second front transitional section 12 comprises widened-out head end 18 projecting axially opposite adjacent transitional sections 1 1 on end-side, viewed in the direction of longitudinal axis L of the stent, annular segments 3 and 6. Each head end 18 has a convexly rounded front section 19 and concavely rounded throat sections 20, 21 between head end 18 and struts 9, 10 connected to head end 18. Head ends 18 are configured in a mushroom shape, in which instance convex front sections 19 and concave throat sections 20, 21 are connected to each other by rounded edge sections 22, 23. In this mαnner throat sections 20, 21 extend at least in areas over edge-side transitional sections 1 1 of adjacent struts 7, 8 in initial state A and cover them. The contour of throat sections 20, 21 is adapted to the contour of transitional sections 1 1 , so that the latter are intermeshed in initial state A. Rounded head ends 18 assure a protective contact of stent 1 on the vascular wall during placing. Even when stent 1 is being removed the vascular walls are less traumatized because head ends 18 make a gentle explantation possible. Deflection elements 24, 25 in the form of eyelets are provided on end-side annular segments 3, 6, viewed in the direction of longitudinal axis L of the stent. These eyelets are articulated in a one-piece manner on the inner side of annular segments 3, 6 in transitional area I T. A thread surrounding support frame 2 on its outside is deflected via deflection elements 23, 24 into the interior of support frame 2 where the yarn ends are firmly connected to each other by a connector consisting of a material visible in x-rays. In order to remove stent 1 the thread ends can be grasped on the connector. The thread is constricted by pulling, during which the looped-around annular segment 3 or ό is radially drawn together. Stent 1 can subsequently be removed from the body canal, during which, as stated, rounded and widened-out head ends 18 assure a gentle removal of stent 1 . List of reference numerals 1 - stent 2 - support frame 3 - annular segment 4 - annular segment 5 - annular segment ό. annular segment 7 - strut 8 - strut 9 - strut 10 - strut 1 1 - transitional section I T - transitional section 12 - transitional section 13 - connector 13' - connector 14 - longitudinal section 14' - longitudinal section 15 - compensation section 15' - compensation section 1 6 - area 17 - ridge area 18 - head area 19 - front section 20 - throat section 21 - throat section 22 - edge section 23 - edge section 24 - deflection element 25 - deflection element L - longitudinal axis of stent A - initial state S - support state The present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. The described embodiments are to be considered in all respects only as illustrative, and not restrictive. The scope of the invention is, therefore, indicated by the appended claims, rather than by the foregoing description. All changes, which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims, are to be embraced within their scope.

Claims

-10 CLAIMS
What is claimed is: 1 . A stent with a tubular support frame (2) that can be widened out from an initial state (A) into a support state (S), in which the support state (2) consists of at least two annular segments (3 - 6) that are formed by struts (7, 8, 9, 10) that endlessly follow each other in a corrugated manner via transitional sections (1 , 12) and in which adjacent annular segments (3 - 6) are coupled by connectors (13), characterized in that every second front transitional section (12) on the end-side annular segments (3; 6), viewed in the direction of the longitudinal axis (L) of the stent, has a widened head end (18) that projects axially opposite the adjacent transitional sections (1 1 ) and has a convexly rounded front section (19) and concavely rounded throat sections (20, 21 ) between the head end (18) and the struts (9, 10) connected to the head end (18). 2. The stent according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the head ends (18) are configured in a mushroom shape and that the convex front sections (19) and the concave throat sections (20, 21 ) are connected to each other by rounded edge sections (22, 23). 3. The stent according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the throat sections (20, 21 ) extend at least in areas over the edge-side transitional sections (1 1 ) of the adjacent struts (7, 8) in the initial state (A). 4. The stent according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that deflection elements (24, 25) for a thread looping around the outside of the support frame (2) are arranged on the end-side annular -1 1
segments (3, 6), viewed in the direction of the longitudinal axis (L) of the stent. 5. The stent according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that each connector (13, 13') is designed like a strut and has a longitudinal section (14, 14') running substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis L of the stent and comprises a compensation section (15, 15') aligned transversally to the latter and configured in a U or V shape. 6. The stent according to Claim 5, characterized in that the U-shaped compensation sections (15, 15') of the connectors (13, 13') are arranged in the area (1 6) between two axially adjacent, spaced annular segments (3, 4, 5, 6). 7. The stent according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the connectors (13, 13') extend out from the ridge area (1 7) of two struts (7, 8) of an annular segment (4, 5) between two struts (7, 8) of the adjacent annular segment (3, 4, 5, 6) up to the transitional section (1 1 ) of these struts (7, 8). 8. The stent according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the connectors (13, 13') are aligned in axial succession.
PCT/US2004/031844 2003-09-30 2004-09-29 Removable stent WO2005032410A2 (en)

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CA002540372A CA2540372A1 (en) 2003-09-30 2004-09-29 Removable stent
US10/573,950 US7806918B2 (en) 2003-09-30 2004-09-29 Removable stent
AU2004277962A AU2004277962A1 (en) 2003-09-30 2004-09-29 Removable stent
JP2006534027A JP4546481B2 (en) 2003-09-30 2004-09-29 Removable stent
EP04789183A EP1677706A4 (en) 2003-09-30 2004-09-29 Removable stent

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US60/507,260 2003-09-30

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US20070276463A1 (en) 2007-11-29
CA2540372A1 (en) 2005-04-14
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JP4546481B2 (en) 2010-09-15
AU2004277962A1 (en) 2005-04-14
US7806918B2 (en) 2010-10-05
EP1677706A4 (en) 2010-12-29
WO2005032410A3 (en) 2005-06-30

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