WO2004032250A1 - Optical element combinable with a solid-state light source, and relative production method - Google Patents

Optical element combinable with a solid-state light source, and relative production method Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004032250A1
WO2004032250A1 PCT/IB2003/004356 IB0304356W WO2004032250A1 WO 2004032250 A1 WO2004032250 A1 WO 2004032250A1 IB 0304356 W IB0304356 W IB 0304356W WO 2004032250 A1 WO2004032250 A1 WO 2004032250A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
portions
optical element
axis
optical
molding
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2003/004356
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Marco Angelini
Natale Baraldo
Claudia Bigliati
Luca Scodes
Original Assignee
Fraen Corporation S.R.L.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fraen Corporation S.R.L. filed Critical Fraen Corporation S.R.L.
Priority to AU2003265078A priority Critical patent/AU2003265078A1/en
Publication of WO2004032250A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004032250A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/16—Making multilayered or multicoloured articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D11/00—Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
    • B29D11/00009—Production of simple or compound lenses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V5/00—Refractors for light sources
    • F21V5/04—Refractors for light sources of lens shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0018—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds having particular optical properties, e.g. fluorescent or phosphorescent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0018—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds having particular optical properties, e.g. fluorescent or phosphorescent
    • B29K2995/0031—Refractive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2011/00—Optical elements, e.g. lenses, prisms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
    • F21V7/0091—Reflectors for light sources using total internal reflection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L33/48—Semiconductor devices with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
    • H01L33/58—Optical field-shaping elements

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)

Abstract

An optical element (1), in particular a total-internal-reflexion lens or collimator, combinable with a solid-state light source has a body (2) made of plastic material and extending along an axis (A); the optical element (1) is formed in two or more successive molding steps, in which respective portions (17) of the body (2) are molded successively.

Description

OPTICAL ELEMENT COMBINABLE WITH A SOLID-STATE LIGHT SOURCE, AND RELATIVE PRODUCTION METHOD
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to an optical element combinable with a solid-state light source, and to the relative production method. BACKGROUND ART As described, for example, in Japanese Patent Application JP 61-147585, integrated lighting modules are known comprising a solid-state light source (in particular, a LED) combined with an optical element, e.g. a total-internal-reflection lens or coUimator. The optical element is normally defined by a monolithic body extending along an axis and having a recess for housing the light source. At respective opposite axial ends, the body has an entry surface facing the light source in use, and an exit surface. The optical element is molded in one piece from plastic material in a special mold, and, being relatively thick, with an axial dimension comparable (i.e. substantially equal to or greater than) its transverse dimension, takes a relatively long time to mold.
Moreover, a light beam of predetermined characteristics can only be obtained from the optical element by working, at the design stage, on the shape of optical element and that of its boundary surfaces, in particular the entry and exit surfaces. Consequently, the types of beams obtainable are limited.
DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to provide an optical element combinable with a solid-state light source (LED) , and a method of producing such an optical element, which provide for solving the aforementioned problems of the known art .
According to the present invention, there are provided an optical element combinable with a solid-state light source, and a method of producing such an optical element, as claimed in the accompanying Claims 1 and 11 respectively.
Preferred embodiments of the optical element and production method according to the invention are defined in the dependent Claims 2 to 10 and 12 to 22 respectively.
In accordance with the invention, the optical element is divided into two or more portions formed at respective separate molding steps. Each molding step produces a portion of a thickness smaller than the overall thickness of the body, and which is therefore faster to mold. The total time required to produce the optical element is thus greatly reduced. One material may be used to form all the portions of the optical element, or the various portions may be made of different materials . In the latter case, dividing the optical element into portions allows considerable freedom in the design of the characteristics of the beam emitted by the optical element. That is, in addition to working on the overall shape of the optical element and its entry and exit surfaces, an auxiliary optical surface may be formed inside the optical element, at the boundary of adjacent portions made of respective materials having at least one different optical characteristic; and the auxiliary- optical surface may be appropriately designed to obtain given characteristics of the beam.
Body portions of different materials may also be used for specific functions (as a filter, protective covering, yellowing shield, etc.).
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS A number of non-limiting embodiments of the present invention will be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 shows a schematic view in perspective of an optical element in accordance with the present invention; Figure 2 shows a section along line II-II of the Figure 1 optical element;
Figures 3 and 4 show, schematically, respective steps in the method of producing the Figure 1 optical element ;
Figures 5, 6 and 7 show schematic views in perspective of respective variations of the optical element according to the present invention; Figures 8 and 9 show a schematic view in perspective and a longitudinal section respectively of a further variation of the optical element according to the present invention.
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Number 1 in Figures 1 and 2 indicates as a whole an optical element combinable with a solid-state light source (in particular a LED) to define, for example, a known integrated lighting module.
Optical element 1 comprises a body 2 made of substantially transparent plastic (polymer) material, extending along an axis A, and shaped in substantially known manner, e.g. to define a high-efficiency, total- internal-reflection lens or coUimator.
In the non-limiting example referred to, body 2 is a rotationally symmetrical body of revolution, and axis A defines a central axis of body 2 and an optical axis of optical element 1. It is understood, however, that body 2 may be shaped otherwise than as described and illustrated herein purely by way of example . At one axial end 4, body 2 comprises a recess 5 for housing the light source, and which is bounded by an entry surface 7 facing the light source, in use, to intercept the beam emitted by the light source. The axial end 8 of body 2 opposite end 4 has an exit surface 9, through which the beam travelling through optical element 1 is emitted.
In the purely non-limiting example shown in Figures 1 and 2, entry surface 7 comprises a convex peripheral portion 10 connected by a substantially cylindrical collar 11 to a concave portion 12, while exit surface 9 is substantially flat. It is understood, however, that both entry surface 7 and exit surface 9 may be shaped otherwise than as shown, depending on the desired characteristics of the beam emitted by optical element 1. Body 2 comprises a dead hole 15, e.g. substantially cylindrical or truncated-cone-shaped, which extends along axis A from exit surface 9 towards end 4, and has a substantially flat bottom surface 16.
Optical element 1 comprises a number of adjacent portions 17 which together form body 2. More specifically, body 2 is defined by a radially outer shell portion 17a having an inner cavity 18, and by a core portion 17b inside cavity 18.
Shell portion 17a and core portion 17b are coaxial about axis A, and are made of respective different plastic (polymer) materials, i.e. having at least one different physical or optical characteristic, e.g. refraction index. For example, the respective materials from which shell portion 17a and core portion 17b are made may differ as to chemical nature, or may be of the same nature but with different additives (e.g. to obtain a different colour, act as a specific light filter, impart mechanical strength or chemical protection, etc.). In one variation, portions 17 are made of the same material, e.g. polycarbonate or polymethyl methacrylate. Shell portion 17a and core portion 17b are joined along a boundary surface 20, which comprises a lateral portion 21 coaxial with axis A, and a bottom portion 22 substantially perpendicular to axis A and interposed, along axis A, between entry surface 7 and exit surface 9. Boundary surface 20 defines an auxiliary optical surface 23, which may be appropriately shaped, in particular as regards portion 22, to impart predetermined characteristics to the beam travelling through optical element 1. The method of producing optical element 1 will now be described with reference also to Figures 3 and 4, which show two schematic, simplified longitudinal sections of a mold 25 used in the production method and shown at respective steps in the method. Being substantially known, mold 25 is not described or illustrated in detail for the sake of simplicity. Mold 25 normally comprises two half-molds 26, 27, which mate to define a chamber 28 of the same shape as body 2 of optical element 1 being produced, and which can be parted to open mold 25.
Inside, mold 25 has inserts 29 defining, inside chamber 28, adjacent cavities 30 of the same shape as respective portions 17 of body 2. Optical element 1 is formed in successive molding steps, in which portions 17 are molded one after the other by feeding respective quantities of plastic (polymer) material successively into cavities 30. In the example shown, shell portion 17a is first molded : as shown in Figure 3, an insert 29a is inserted inside chamber 28 to define a cavity 30a of the same shape as portion 17a of body 2, and a first plastic (polymer) material in the fluid state is injected into cavity 30a along a known feed conduit not shown. Core portion 17b is then molded : as shown in Figure 4, after removing insert 29a, an insert 29b defining hole 15 is inserted inside chamber 28 to define, between insert 29b and shell portion 17a, a cavity 30b of the same shape as core portion 17b; and a second plastic (polymer) material in the fluid state is injected into cavity 30b along a known feed conduit not shown.
The steps in the molding of portions 17 of body 2 may be performed using respective different materials having at least one different physical or optical characteristic, e.g. refraction index, or using respective quantities of the same material. Body 2 is eventually extracted from mold 25 in known manner.
In the Figure 5 variation, shell portion 17a and core portion 17b described with reference to Figures 1 and 2 are further divided into two half-shell portions 17c and two half-core portions 17d respectively. Half- shell portions 17c define two adjacent, symmetrical longitudinal halves, joined along a centreline plane M of 20
8
body 2, of radially outer shell portion 17a; half-core portions 17d define two adjacent, symmetrical longitudinal halves, joined along the centreline plane M of body 2, of core portion 17b located radially inwards of shell portion 17a; and hole 15 is formed by joining two communicating recesses 31 formed in half-core portions 17d.
The method of producing the Figure 5 variation is the same as described above : mold 25 and inserts 29 again define cavities 30 shaped to mold portions 17, which are molded in respective successive molding steps from the same or different plastic (polymer) materials.
In the Figure 6 variation, only shell portion 17a is divided into two half-shell portions 17c. Body 2 is thus defined by two half-shell portions 17c and a core portion 17b, which are molded in respective separate successive molding steps .
In the Figure 7 variation, body 2 is divided into two portions 17e, 17f, defining two symmetrical longitudinal halves of body 2. Portions 17e, 17f are adjacent, are joined along the centreline plane M of body 2, and are molded in respective successive molding steps; and, in this case, too, hole 15 is formed by joining two communicating recesses 31 formed in portions 17e, 17f . In the Figure 8 and 9 variation, two adjacent portions 17g, 17h, substantially aligned along axis A, are molded successively. Portions 17g, 17h are joined along a boundary surface 20 substantially perpendicular to axis A and defining the auxiliary optical surface, which may be appropriately shaped to impart predetermined characteristics to the beam travelling through optical element 1. Portion 17g has recess 5 defined by entry surface 7, and portion 17h has hole 15 and exit surface 9.
Clearly, changes may be made to the optical element and production method as described and illustrated herein without, however, departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1) An optical element (1) , in particular a total- internal-reflection lens or coUimator, combinable with a solid-state light source, and comprising a body (2) made of plastic material and extending along an axis (A) ; the optical element (1) being characterized by comprising two or more adjacent portions (17) formed in respective successive molding steps to form said body (2) . 2) An optical element as claimed in Claim 1, characterized in that said body (2) comprises at least two portions (17) having at least one different physical or optical characteristic, in particular a different refraction index. 3) An optical element as claimed in Claim 1, characterized in that said portions (17) are made of the same material .
4) An optical element as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized by comprising an entry surface (7) and an exit surface (9) located at respective opposite axial ends (4, 8) of said body (2); and an auxiliary optical surface (23) located along said axis (A), between the entry surface (7) and the exit surface (9) .
5) An optical element as claimed in Claim 4, characterized in that said auxiliary optical surface (23) is defined by at least part of a boundary surface (20) between two or more portions (17) of the body (2) .
6) An optical element as claimed in one of the foregoing Claims, characterized in that said body (2) has a dead hole (15) along said axis (A) .
7) An optical element as claimed in Claim 6, characterized in that said hole (15) is defined by two or more recesses (31) formed in respective portions (17) of the body (2) and communicating with one another.
8) An optical element as claimed in one of the foregoing Claims, characterized in that said body (2) comprises at least two adjacent portions (17) symmetrical with respect to a centreline plane (M) of said body (2) .
9) An optical element as claimed in one of the foregoing Claims, characterized in that said body (2) comprises at least two adjacent portions (17) substantially aligned along said axis (A) . 10) An optical element as claimed in one of the foregoing Claims, characterized in that said body (2) comprises at least two portions (17) coaxial with each other about said axis (A) .
11) A method of producing an optical element (1) , in particular a total-internal-reflection lens or coUimator, combinable with a solid-state light source and having a body (2) made of plastic material and extending along an axis (A) ; the method being characterized in that the optical element (1) is formed in two or more successive molding steps, in which respective portions (17) of said body (2) are molded successively.
12) A method as claimed in Claim 11, characterized by comprising the steps of:
- preparing a mold (25) having an inner chamber (28) of the same shape as said body (2) ; defining, in said chamber (28) , two or more adjacent cavities (30) of the same shape as respective said portions (17) of the body (2) ;
- successively performing said steps of molding said portions (17) of the body (2) by feeding respective quantities of plastic material successively into said cavities (30) .
13) A method as claimed in Claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the steps of molding at least two portions (17) of the body (2) are performed using respective different plastic materials having at least one different physical or optical characteristic, e.g. a different refraction index.
14) A method as claimed in Claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the steps of molding said portions (17) of the body (2) are performed using respective quantities of the same plastic material .
15) A method as claimed in one of Claims 11 to 14, wherein axially opposite ends (4, 8) of said body (2) have an entry surface (7) and an exit surface (9) respectively; and the method is characterized by comprising a step of forming an auxiliary optical surface (23) located along said axis (A) , between the entry surface (7) and the exit surface (9) .
16) A method as claimed in Claim 15, characterized in that said auxiliary optical surface (23) is defined by at least part of a boundary surface (20) between two or more portions (17) of the body (2) .
17) A method as claimed in one of Claims 11 to 16, characterized by comprising a step of forming, in said body (2) , a dead hole (15) along said axis (A) .
18) A method as claimed in Claim 17, characterized in that said hole (15) is formed during the step of molding at least one portion (17) of said body (2) . 19) A method as claimed in Claim 17 or 18, characterized in that two or more portions (17) of the body (2) are provided, during the respective molding steps, with respective recesses (31) communicating with one another to define said hole (15) . 20) A method as claimed in one of Claims 11 to 19, characterized in that at least two portions (17) of the body are formed adjacent to each other and symmetrical with respect to a centreline plane (M) of the body (2) .
21) A method as claimed in one of Claims 11 to 20, characterized in that at least two portions (17) of the body are formed adjacent to each other and substantially aligned along said axis (A) .
22) A method as claimed in one of Claims 11 to 21, characterized in that at least two portions (17) of the body are formed coaxial with each other about said axis (A) .
PCT/IB2003/004356 2002-10-02 2003-10-02 Optical element combinable with a solid-state light source, and relative production method WO2004032250A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2003265078A AU2003265078A1 (en) 2002-10-02 2003-10-02 Optical element combinable with a solid-state light source, and relative production method

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITMI2002A002085 2002-10-02
IT002085A ITMI20022085A1 (en) 2002-10-02 2002-10-02 OPTICAL ELEMENT ASSOCIATED WITH A LIGHT SOURCE

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WO2004032250A1 true WO2004032250A1 (en) 2004-04-15

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Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1648037A1 (en) * 2004-10-14 2006-04-19 C.R.F. Società Consortile per Azioni Optical element and module for the projection of a light beam, and motor vehicle lamp including a plurality of such modules
EP1830123A1 (en) * 2006-03-03 2007-09-05 Fujitsu Ltd. Light guide member illumination apparatus and image capturing apparatus using the same
DE102006062066A1 (en) * 2006-12-29 2008-07-03 Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh Lens arrangement for light emitting diode display device, has lens with lens surface and optical axis, which penetrates lens surface of lens
US7410275B2 (en) 2004-09-21 2008-08-12 Lumination Llc Refractive optic for uniform illumination
WO2015092014A1 (en) * 2013-12-20 2015-06-25 Luxexcel Holding B.V. Method for printing a three-dimensional light-guiding structure
US9411083B2 (en) 2011-12-30 2016-08-09 Fraen Corporation Light mixing lenses and systems
US9995872B2 (en) 2011-12-30 2018-06-12 Fraen Corporation Light mixing systems with a glass light pipe
FR3063337A1 (en) * 2017-02-28 2018-08-31 Valeo Vision Belgique LUMINOUS DEVICE WITH OPTICAL ELEMENT WITH INDOOR DIOPTRE
US10585292B2 (en) 2018-06-28 2020-03-10 Fraen Corporation Low-profile color-mixing lightpipe
US10663652B2 (en) 2011-12-30 2020-05-26 Fraen Corporation Light mixing systems with a glass light pipe
US10989390B2 (en) 2017-09-26 2021-04-27 DMF, Inc. Folded optics methods and apparatus for improving efficiency of LED-based luminaires
CN113167450A (en) * 2018-11-23 2021-07-23 海拉有限双合股份公司 Multicomponent injection molded primary optic, motor vehicle headlamp and motor vehicle

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EP1204151A1 (en) * 2000-04-24 2002-05-08 Rohm Co., Ltd. Edge-emitting light-emitting semiconductor device and method of manufacture thereof
US20020080615A1 (en) * 2000-12-22 2002-06-27 Thomas Marshall LED collimation optics with improved performance and reduced size

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EP1204151A1 (en) * 2000-04-24 2002-05-08 Rohm Co., Ltd. Edge-emitting light-emitting semiconductor device and method of manufacture thereof
US20020080615A1 (en) * 2000-12-22 2002-06-27 Thomas Marshall LED collimation optics with improved performance and reduced size

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Cited By (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7410275B2 (en) 2004-09-21 2008-08-12 Lumination Llc Refractive optic for uniform illumination
WO2006040291A2 (en) * 2004-10-14 2006-04-20 C.R.F. Societa' Consortile Per Azioni Optical element and module for the projection of a light beam, and motor vehicle lamp including a plurality of such modules
WO2006040291A3 (en) * 2004-10-14 2006-07-06 Fiat Ricerche Optical element and module for the projection of a light beam, and motor vehicle lamp including a plurality of such modules
EP1648037A1 (en) * 2004-10-14 2006-04-19 C.R.F. Società Consortile per Azioni Optical element and module for the projection of a light beam, and motor vehicle lamp including a plurality of such modules
US7651246B2 (en) 2004-10-14 2010-01-26 C.R.F. Societa Consortile Per Azioni Optical element and module for the projection of a light beam, and motor vehicle lamp including a plurality of such modules
US7690827B2 (en) 2006-03-03 2010-04-06 Fujitsu Limited Light guide member, illumination apparatus, and image capturing apparatus using the same
EP1830123A1 (en) * 2006-03-03 2007-09-05 Fujitsu Ltd. Light guide member illumination apparatus and image capturing apparatus using the same
DE102006062066A1 (en) * 2006-12-29 2008-07-03 Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh Lens arrangement for light emitting diode display device, has lens with lens surface and optical axis, which penetrates lens surface of lens
US8754427B2 (en) 2006-12-29 2014-06-17 Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh Lens arrangement and LED display device
US9411083B2 (en) 2011-12-30 2016-08-09 Fraen Corporation Light mixing lenses and systems
US9995872B2 (en) 2011-12-30 2018-06-12 Fraen Corporation Light mixing systems with a glass light pipe
US10663651B2 (en) 2011-12-30 2020-05-26 Fraen Corporation Light mixing systems with a glass light pipe
US10151872B2 (en) 2011-12-30 2018-12-11 Fraen Corporation Light mixing systems with a glass light pipe
US10254474B2 (en) 2011-12-30 2019-04-09 Fraen Corporation Light mixing systems with a glass light pipe
US10663652B2 (en) 2011-12-30 2020-05-26 Fraen Corporation Light mixing systems with a glass light pipe
WO2015092014A1 (en) * 2013-12-20 2015-06-25 Luxexcel Holding B.V. Method for printing a three-dimensional light-guiding structure
FR3063337A1 (en) * 2017-02-28 2018-08-31 Valeo Vision Belgique LUMINOUS DEVICE WITH OPTICAL ELEMENT WITH INDOOR DIOPTRE
US10989390B2 (en) 2017-09-26 2021-04-27 DMF, Inc. Folded optics methods and apparatus for improving efficiency of LED-based luminaires
US10585292B2 (en) 2018-06-28 2020-03-10 Fraen Corporation Low-profile color-mixing lightpipe
US11156847B2 (en) 2018-06-28 2021-10-26 Fraen Corporation Low-profile color-mixing lightpipe
US11899219B2 (en) 2018-06-28 2024-02-13 Fraen Corporation Low-profile color-mixing lightpipe
CN113167450A (en) * 2018-11-23 2021-07-23 海拉有限双合股份公司 Multicomponent injection molded primary optic, motor vehicle headlamp and motor vehicle
US11585508B2 (en) * 2018-11-23 2023-02-21 HELLA GmbH & Co. KGaA Multi-component injection molded primary optic, headlamp of a motor vehicle and motor vehicle
CN113167450B (en) * 2018-11-23 2023-11-07 海拉有限双合股份公司 Primary optic for a headlight of a motor vehicle, headlight and motor vehicle

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AU2003265078A1 (en) 2004-04-23

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