WO2003090401A1 - Remplacement de contenu par mappage pid - Google Patents

Remplacement de contenu par mappage pid Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003090401A1
WO2003090401A1 PCT/US2003/010641 US0310641W WO03090401A1 WO 2003090401 A1 WO2003090401 A1 WO 2003090401A1 US 0310641 W US0310641 W US 0310641W WO 03090401 A1 WO03090401 A1 WO 03090401A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
content
pid
substitution
data
packet
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2003/010641
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Brant L. Candelore
Leo M. Pedlow, Jr.
Jon D. Garrett
Original Assignee
Sony Electronics Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from PCT/US2002/040051 external-priority patent/WO2003061173A2/fr
Priority claimed from US10/319,066 external-priority patent/US7765567B2/en
Priority claimed from PCT/US2002/040045 external-priority patent/WO2003065724A1/fr
Priority claimed from PCT/US2002/040050 external-priority patent/WO2003061289A1/fr
Priority claimed from PCT/US2002/040054 external-priority patent/WO2003059039A2/fr
Priority claimed from PCT/US2002/039958 external-priority patent/WO2003061288A1/fr
Priority to JP2003587051A priority Critical patent/JP2005525010A/ja
Priority to AU2003234690A priority patent/AU2003234690A1/en
Priority to EP03728346A priority patent/EP1495575A1/fr
Application filed by Sony Electronics Inc. filed Critical Sony Electronics Inc.
Priority to CA002480964A priority patent/CA2480964A1/fr
Priority to KR10-2004-7016518A priority patent/KR20040098074A/ko
Publication of WO2003090401A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003090401A1/fr

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Classifications

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    • H04N21/434—Disassembling of a multiplex stream, e.g. demultiplexing audio and video streams, extraction of additional data from a video stream; Remultiplexing of multiplex streams; Extraction or processing of SI; Disassembling of packetised elementary stream
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    • H04N2005/91364—Television signal processing therefor for scrambling ; for copy protection by modifying the video signal the video signal being scrambled

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to the field of video on digital video. More particularly, this invention relates to a method and apparatus for providing selective replacement of digital video content.
  • FIGURE 1 is flow chart depicting a process for content substitution consistent with certain embodiments ofthe present invention.
  • FIGURE 2 is block diagram of a cable system consistent with certain embodiments ofthe present invention.
  • FIGURE 6 illustrates a marker consistent with certain embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIGURE 7 illustrates substitution of a local banner advertisement and addition of a logo consistent with certain embodiments ofthe present invention.
  • FIGURE 8 is a state diagram of a decoder state machine consistent with certain embodiments ofthe present invention.
  • FIGURE 9 illustrates a substitution mode consistent with certain embodiments ofthe present invention.
  • FIGURE 10 illustrates an insertion mode consistent with certain embodiments ofthe present invention.
  • FIGURE 11 illustrates an insertion/deletion mode consistent with certain embodiments ofthe present invention.
  • FIGURE 12 illustrates an exemplary system configuration for a digital television Set-top box consistent with certain embodiments ofthe present invention.
  • the terms “scramble” and “encrypt” and variations thereof are used synonymously herein.
  • video may be used herein to embrace not only true visual information, but also in the conversational sense (e.g., "video tape recorder") to embrace not only video signals but also associated audio and data.
  • the present document generally uses the example of a “dual selective encryption” embodiment, but those skilled in the art will recognize that the present invention can be utilized to realize multiple partial encryption without departing from the invention.
  • partial encryption and “selective encryption” are used synonymously herein.
  • program and “television program” and similar terms can be interpreted in the normal conversational sense, as well as a meaning wherein the term means any segment of A/V content that can be displayed on a television set or similar monitor device.
  • legacy refers to existing technology used for existing cable and satellite systems.
  • STB television Set-Top Box
  • CA Conditional Access
  • the present document generally uses the example of a "dual partial encryption" embodiment, but those skilled in the art will recognize that the present invention can be utilized to realize multiple partial encryption without departing from the invention.
  • the term "package medium” and similar terms as used herein are intended to embrace a recording medium such as a Digital Versatile Disc (DVD), Compact Disc (CD) or other magnetic, optical or other recorded medium that is generally merchandised as a package that contains the electronic storage medium and is sold as a retail commodity, as contrasted to an electronically downloadable data stream.
  • DVD Digital Versatile Disc
  • CD Compact Disc
  • the selected video data to be encrypted may be any individual one or combination of the following (described in greater detail in the above applications): video slice headers appearing in an active region of a video frame, data representing an active region of a video frame, data in a star pattern within the video frame, data representing scene changes, I Frame packets, packets containing motion vectors in a first P frame following an I Frame, packets having an intra_slice_flag indicator set, packets having an intra_slice indicator set, packets containing an intra_coded macroblock, data for a slice containing an intra_coded macroblock, data from a first macroblock following the video slice header,packets containing video slice headers, anchor data, and P Frame data for progressively refreshed video data, data arranged in vertical and or horizontal moat patterns on the video frame, and any other selected data that renders the video and/or audio difficult to utilize.
  • multiple packet identifiers are utilized. Normally a single set of packet identifiers is used to identify a particular television program.
  • the clear content is assigned a first set of PIDs, and each set of encrypted content is assigned another set of PIDs (one set of encrypted content may share the same PID with the unencrypted content in certain embodiments).
  • the receiving STB then remaps all of the appropriate content to a single PID for playback. This process is described in detail in the above patent applications.
  • the present invention utilizes multiple PIDs associated with a single item of content as a mechanism to provide content substitution.
  • Content substitution can be used to provide an enhanced level of customization of television programming in any number of ways. For example, content substitution can be used to provide targeted advertising to an audience by substitution of one advertisement for another. Content substitution can also be used to provide multiple endings, plots or other segments for a program, or to provide multiple views in a sportscast or other program.
  • Other applications for the content substitution of the present invention will be discussed during the course of this discussion. Each of these applications, as well as others, can be facilitated using the present invention without need for dramatic increases in bandwidth and at reasonable cost for the hardware.
  • an overall content substitution process 100 consistent with certain embodiments ofthe present invention is shown starting at 104.
  • the content is received at 108 having portions identified by multiple PIDs (e.g., PID A and PID B in this example), which represent multiple possibilities for the content (e.g., multiple advertisements, logos, plots, endings, characters, etc.).
  • This content could be received as a stream of content (as in a cable or satellite television transmission) or could be present in packaged media or a downloaded file.
  • a processing operation (such as playback or transmission of the content) is initiated, generally using a main portion ofthe content designated with a particular packet identifier (e.g., PID A).
  • the content is examined to detennine if a prescribed substitution criterion has been met.
  • a prescribed substitution criterion might be, for example, presence of a national advertisement, watermark or logo that a local content distributor wishes to replace with a local or regional advertisement, watermark or logo; or such criterion might entail selection by an end user of a particular plot, character or ending.
  • a content substitution is carried out at 124 (e.g., by substitution of content with PID B for content with PID A, or by carrying out any of the other content substitution operations described herein including, but not limited to one-for-one substitution, one-for-one insertion or multiple-for-one insertion/deletion).
  • substitution may entail a remapping of the PID values so that a decoder or other processor merely continues processing content with the same PID.
  • a decoder can be programmed to select the substituted content, when present, in preference to the main content.
  • a method of content substitution consistent with certain embodiments of the present invention involve receiving data representing content, the data having at least first and second packet identifiers (PIDs) associated with first and second portions of content; playing content having the first PID; determining that a substitution criterion has been met; and substituting content having the second PID for content having the first PID.
  • PIDs packet identifiers
  • a local cable operator can receive a program that contains multiple sets of advertisements (commercials). Depending on the geographic location of the local operator, the main content can be retransmitted along with an appropriate one of several regional advertisements that are more appropriate to the geographic location or marketplace of the local cable operator.
  • a movie with multiple selectable endings can be broadcast from a cable operator to its subscribers. The subscriber can then decide, before or during the viewing of the movie, which ending is preferred and make a selection. The subscriber sends a command to the STB which selects the alternative ending desired by the subscriber by selecting the ending associated with a particular PID and remapping that PID to the main program's PID. Numerous other examples will occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration ofthe present teachings.
  • a satellite antenna 204 receives a multiplexed stream of content from a satellite ti-ansmission such as a HITSTM (Headend In The Sky) feed.
  • the received stream of content is received, demodulated and decrypted at a satellite receiver 208 and the content that is to have substitutable information is passed along to a PID mapper and flag inserter 212, the function of which will become clear in view of discussions to follow.
  • Additional content may be retrieved from a local content database 216 or other sources of content.
  • the content with multiple PID encoded substitutable portions may be directly received from the satellite system.
  • the PID mapper and flag inserter maps the incoming content from whatever source to a set of main PIDs for the main content and a set of secondary or shadow PIDs for the substitutable content at 212 in one embodiment.
  • the PID mapper may be instructed to remap the PIDs to select only the desired content. Flags may be inserted into the content at 212 to identify a location where a substitution of content is to start and end.
  • the content then passes to a PSI/PMT inserter 220 that inserts Program Specific Information (PSI) and Program Map Tables (PMT) into the stream of content for use by the decoding side in decoding the programming.
  • PSI Program Specific Information
  • PMT Program Map Tables
  • the content is to be encrypted, it may be passed through an encrypter 224 prior to modulation at a modulator (such as a QAM modulator) 230.
  • the modulated stream of content is then transmitted via the cable plant 236 to the end users with decoder boxes such as Set- top boxes 240 and 244.
  • the operation ofthe cable head end including but not limited to the PID mapping for content substitution, is carried out under control of a control computer 300.
  • Such a system can be used to form a content substitution encoder consistent with certain embodiments of the invention in which input data is received representing main content and representing substitution content.
  • a packet identifier (PID) mapper assigns a primary PID to the main content and assigns a secondary PID to the substitution content.
  • a private data generator generates user private data that identifies the main content by the primary PID and substitution content by the secondary PID. The private data, the main content mapped to the primary PID and the substitution content mapped to the secondary PID are then assembled into a data stream.
  • the process 100 of FIGURE 1 can be carried out on any suitable programmed general -purpose computer operating as control computer 300 of FIGURES 2-3.
  • Computer 300 has one or more central processor units (CPU) 310 with one or more associated buses 314 used to connect the central processor unit 310 to Random Access Memory 318 and Non-Volatile Memory 322 in a known manner.
  • Output devices 326 such as a display and printer, are provided in order to display and/or print output for the use ofthe MSO (multiple service operator) as well as to provide a user interface such as a Graphical User Interface (GUI).
  • GUI Graphical User Interface
  • input devices such as keyboard, mouse and removable media readers 330, may be provided for the input of information by the operator.
  • Computer 300 also incorporates internal and/or external attached disc or other mass storage 334 (e.g., disc and/or optical storage) for storing large amounts of information including, but not limited to, the operating system, and the content substitution process program as well as content (which is most likely stored on massive attached storage such as local content database 216).
  • the Computer system 300 also has an interface 338 for connection to the controlled devices in the cable system head end. While depicted as a single computer, the digital content provider may utilize multiple linked computers to carry out the functions described herein.
  • the substitutable content is to be inserted at the cable system head end, but those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present content substitution concept can be implemented in many ways to permit content substitution at multiple levels to serve multiple purposes. For example, if the cable customer is viewing an interactive television show, the customer's selections (e.g., from a remote controller) can be used to establish the criterion for selection of a particular substitution (e.g., ending selection).
  • the cable head end can also implement a content substitution in accord with certain embodiments consistent with the present invention, for example, by substitution of a local advertisement for a national advertisement or substitution of (or addition of) a local channel logo for a national logo.
  • a content provider wishes to provide alternative advertisements to several groups of customers, for example in a cable television system.
  • the cable television customers can be divided into three categories based upon, for example, a customer profile stored at the cable system's head end.
  • an exemplary television program 350 with three separate advertisements 354, 356 and 358 associated therewith is depicted.
  • three separate sets of PIDs are utilized (for simplicity, assume that there is one PID per advertisement).
  • the advertisement 354 can share the same PID (e.g., 100) with the program content.
  • the first alternative advertisement 356 is identified by an alternative PID (e.g.,
  • the second alternative advertisement is identified by another alternative PID (e.g., PID 102).
  • the decoder e.g., the television STB
  • no special instructions need to be conveyed to the decoder (e.g., the television STB) since it is shared with the program content and will be shown by default.
  • the decoder e.g., the television STB
  • an instruction is sent from the cable system head end to the decoders instructing them to substitute content with PID 101 whenever this PID is encountered for PID 100.
  • an instruction is sent from the cable system head end to the decoders instructing them to substitute content with PID 102 whenever this PID is encountered in place of PID 100.
  • each packed of video data having PID 100 has a corresponding packet with PID 101 and PID 102.
  • a one for one correlation is not required.
  • packet counts should be maintained in a manner that permits the proper ordered processing of packets at the decoder.
  • the content is displayed side by side to illustrate the direct substitution that is the nature ofthe process.
  • the content may be arranged as a sequence of packets which systematically present the main content followed by the first alternative content and then the second alternative content and then the sequence repeats.
  • corresponding packets with primary and secondary PIDs may appear in order of primary followed by secondary or secondary followed by primary.
  • each of the primary and secondary packets may retain a packet number that is used to establish the order of presentation. Such numbering may be altered by the decoding process to retain order in the received content. Other embodiments are also possible without deviating from the present invention.
  • a similar technique can be implemented to provide networks with the ability to provide regional advertisement by embedding, for example, multiple regional advertisements into a single data stream and using a remapping ofthe PIDs at the local networks or cable operators to select the appropriate advertisement for a given region.
  • the three advertisements depicted in FIGURE 4 could equally well represent three regional advertisements such as one for the East coast ofthe U.S., one for the central portion of the U.S. and one for the West coast of the U.S., or any other suitable regional segregation with more or less alternative advertisements.
  • FIGURE 5 depicts an exemplary embodiment where content substitution can be used to provide alternative plots and endings in a movie that is either stored as packaged medium content (e.g., a Digital Versatile Disc - DVD) or is streamed from a content provider such as a cable television MSO.
  • a main movie 360 is transmitted or stored using a main PID 110, for example.
  • This movie can be played with three plots and three endings that may be selected, for example, by the viewer using a selection made either during the playback ofthe movie or as a periodic decision made during playback of the movie.
  • the first plot A 362 uses the same PID 110 as the main portions of the movie as does the main ending A 364.
  • the decoder in the television STB selects PID 110 for the entire movie.
  • Plot B 368 in a similar manner is associated with PID 111 as is ending B 372.
  • Plot C 376 is similarly associated with PID 112, as is ending C 380.
  • the STB decoder is instructed to substitute PID 1 11 for PID 100 so that alternative plot B and/or ending B is selected.
  • the STB decoder is instructed to substitute PID 112 for PID 100 so that alternative plot C and/or ending C is selected.
  • a program 384 using a particular PID contains a blank section 388 having PID 120 with an alternative portion of information serving as a marker PID 392.
  • FIGURE 7 depicts replacement of advertising banners and supplementation of logos or watermarks using the content substitution technique of the present invention.
  • a segment of main content is depicted as a television screen 400 divided into horizontal slices as such information would be encoded using MPEG digital coding.
  • a first advertisement, e.g., a national advertisement, 404 is depicted as appearing in several sequential slices of the image near the upper left of the screen.
  • a logo or watermark 408 appears in one slice near the bottom right of the image 400.
  • Packets containing the advertisement 404 can be replaced by packets containing a local or other alternative advertisement banner 412.
  • the watermark 408 could be replaced or supplemented by use of content substitution for certain packets within a slice ofthe video image.
  • a network logo 408 might be supplemented by another logo (such as a local channel or other logo) 416 by substitution of packets bearing the supplemental logo.
  • FIGURE 8 a state diagram is shown which depicts one mechanism for implementing a decoder that decodes the transport stream with multiple PIDs consistent with certain embodiments of the present invention.
  • the numbered paths ofthe state diagram are explained in the table below:
  • the replacement of the primary PID packet by the secondary PID packet is called “Substitution Mode”. Secondary PID packets may be inserted into the stream without replacement of a primary PID packet. This mode is called “Insertion Mode.” In fact, the decoder may be used in a mode wherein both operations are active at the same time. This is called “Insertion and Deletion Mode”. All three discrete decoder modes are mutually exclusive and follow a series of state transitions that are specific to each mode. The active mode is signaled through the decoder specific variable mode. If the value of mode is set to zero, decoding is not enabled and the transport decoder state machine is bypassed. If the value of mode is invalid (not a specifically defined state, then the same actions are taken as if mode was set to zero, i.e. the transport decoder state machine is bypassed. The definition ofthe state transitions for each mode is detailed as followed.
  • the algorithm for decoding an encoded transport stream is embodied in the state machine of FIGURE 8.
  • the Petri net showing the states and the state equations/actions can be derived from FIGURE 8 in combination with the above state table.
  • the algorithm has four operating states, with the system predominantly remaining is state 1. State 2 is entered only when a packet containing a shadow PID (not the main PID) has been encountered. Depending upon the system mode, as established through messaging in the PSI from the headend, different paths to two entirely different second states can be taken.
  • the state machine can be implemented in either hardware or software, depending upon the IC manufacturer's device architecture.
  • a software implementation on a programmed processor can generally be expected to provide more flexibility in the design.
  • One error case identified (illegal state transition). This error is a unique error that is in addition to MPEG transport layer errors like continuity count, transport error, etc.
  • the decode_RSTn variable is a non-latching bit that can be set through a configuration register or accessed by other functions to force the decoder state machine n to a known state.
  • One mode of operation of the decoder transport processing algorithm is referred to as the Substitution Mode.
  • This mode is illustrated in FIGURE 9 wherein packets having PID B such as 502, 504 and 506 are inserted into the transport stream by replacement of PID B with PID A to produce packets 512, 514 and 516 for an MPEG compliant transport stream with the desired content packets containing a PID field matching A, where A is a 13 bit value previously defined in a configuration register of the decoder.
  • a "no operation" is carried out for PID A packets.
  • state 1 A packets such as 508 become packets such as 510 are sent to the transport filter output queue for further processing, such as A/V decompression and display.
  • the decoder state machine transitions from state 1 to state 2A upon reception of a MPEG packet with the PID field matching B, after receipt of a substitution flag 520.
  • B is a 13 bit value previously defined in a configuration register of the decoder.
  • B represents the secondary or "shadow" packet to be substituted for the next occurring legacy packet with PID matching A.
  • the PID value of the B packet is changed to A before insertion into the stream.
  • the substitution occurs because upon transition to state 2A, the B packet content is sent to the transport filter output queue. The return to state 1 occurs when the next A PID is received.
  • state 1 A packets are sent to the transport filter output queue for further processing, such as A/V decompression and display.
  • mode 2 the decoder state machine never transitions from state 1.
  • B represents the secondary or "shadow” packet to be inserted into the stream with the PID value changed to A.
  • transition from state 1 to state 2B can occur due to receipt of an insertion flag 530.
  • PID B packets such as 534 and 536 are inserted into the transport stream as PID A packets such as 538 and 540.
  • the insertion mode can terminate by receipt of the next insertion flag 544.
  • the decoder transport processing algorithm for the Insertion Deletion Mode for a MPEG compliant transport stream with the desired content packets containing a PID field matching A, where A is a 13 bit value previously defined in a configuration register of the decoder is depicted in FIGURE 11.
  • a packets such as 508 are sent to the transport filter output queue for further processing, such as A/V decompression and display and become packets 510.
  • mode 4 the decoder state machine transitions from state 1 to state 2B upon reception of a MPEG packet with the PID field matching B, where B is a 13 bit value previously defined in a configuration register of the decoder, B represents the secondary or "shadow" packet to be inserted with PID changed to match A.
  • Any packet received while in state 2B with the PID value matching A will result in a transition to state 3 and the packet PID changed to NULL, effectively removing it from the transport stream. All subsequent packets received with PID matching A while in state 3 will result in their PID value also being changed to NULL such as packets 550, 552, 554 and 556 which become NULL as 560, 562, 564 and 566. Transition to and from state 1 can be initiated and terminated by an insertion/deletion flag 570 and 574 respectively. While in state 3, packets such as 580 and 582 with PID B are converted to packets with PID such as 586 and 588.
  • the return to state 2B occurs when the next packet with a B PID value is received and it is queued and converted to the A PID value. Likewise, return to the return to state 1 from state 2B occurs when the next packet with a B PID value is received accordingly, it is also queued and converted to the A PID value.
  • the method according to claim 1, wherein the substituting comprises using private signaling to select a unit of content with the second PID and discarding a unit of content with the first PID.
  • private signaling can be used to select a unit of content on the secondary PID while receiving content with the primary PID.
  • private signaling can be used to select multiple units of content with the secondary PID while discarding units of content with the primary PID.
  • private signaling can be used to select multiple units of content with a secondary PID while receiving units of content with the primary PID.
  • private signaling can be used to switch from a mode of selecting multiple units of content with the secondary PID while discarding units of content with the primary PID to a mode of selecting multiple units of content with the secondary PID while receiving content with the primary PID.
  • Private signaling can also be used to switch from a mode of selecting multiple units of content ⁇ vith the secondary PID and receiving multiple units of content with the primary PID to a mode of selecting multiple units of content with the secondary PID while discarding units of content with the primary PID.
  • a unit of content with the secondary PID is sent before or after a corresponding unit of content with the primary PID.
  • Substitution operations can be initiated and terminated by private signaling forming part of an adaptation layer of packets in a data stream.
  • the adaptation layer can be in a packet with the secondary PID, the primary PID or another PID.
  • TRANSPORT STREAM ADAPTATION FIELD Much of the information used to configure and control the decoder module comes from the MPEG PSI data contained in the transport stream and decoded by the STB middleware. Configuration and control can be achieved using extensions to the MPEG PSI specification specific to the current decoder when needed. In certain embodiments consistent with the present invention, the following table defines the extensions used and the private data syntax.
  • Adaptation field only packets whether A, B or C can be made “null”, e.g. NOP, or can simply be left in the stream.
  • references to "registers”, which may imply a hardware implementation, can be freely interchanged with “variable” in a software or microcoded implementation. In either case, a common decoder module command/control structure and interface is desirable to achieve middleware compatibility across STB platforms of varying architecture and capability.
  • each decoder module contains 19 registers (or variables). Unless otherwise stated, all registers are read/write, meaning that the current value can be read back through the same interface used to write. All registers will be sequentially offset from a common base value (origin). The addresses in this specification are all relative to the base (offset values). The registers can be mapped as shown in the table below:
  • REGISTER MAP Status registers are provided in accordance with the following table (Interrupt
  • a write only Interrupt Mask Register is at Address: 0x00. When an Interrupt Mask Register bit is “1 ", the associated interrupt is unmasked and when "0", it is masked. Masked interrupts will not generate an interrupt output to the host processor.
  • interrupt flag bit(s) of masked interrupts will still be valid in the interrupt register.
  • the default power-up condition is for all interrupts to be masked (all "0's").
  • the Primary PID is a 13 bit value stored right justified as a big-endian (MSB in bit 12) value.
  • a secondary PID register Secondary PID Register for decoder 1 appears at Address: 0x02 and is configured as follows:
  • the Secondary PID is a 13 bit value stored right justified as a big-endian (MSB in bit 12) value as shown above.
  • the Primary PID is a 13 bit value stored right justified as a big-endian (MSB in bit 12) value.
  • a secondary PID register for decoder 2 appears at Address: 0x04 and is configured as follows:
  • the Secondary PID is a 13 bit value stored right justified as a big-endian (MSB in bit 12) value.
  • a primary PID register, for decoder 3 appears at Address: 0x05 and is configured as follows:
  • the Primary PID is a 13 bit value stored right justified as a big-endian (MSB in bit 12) value.
  • a secondary PID register for decoder 3 appears at Address: 0x06 and is configured as follows:
  • the Secondary PID is a 13 bit value stored right justified as a big-endian (MSB in bit 12) value.
  • a primary PID register for decoder 4 appears at Address: 0x07 and is configured as follows:
  • the Primary PID is a 13 bit value stored right justified as a big-endian (MSB in bit 12) value.
  • a secondary PID register for decoder 4 appears at Address: 0x08 and is configured as follows:
  • the Secondary PID is a 13 bit value stored right justified as a big-endian (MSB in bit 12) value.
  • a primary PID register for decoder 5 appears at Address: 0x09 and is configured as follows:
  • the Primary PID is a 13 bit value stored right justified as a big-endian (MSB in bit 12) value.
  • a secondary PID register for decoder 5 appears at Address: OxOA and is configured as follows:
  • the Secondary PID is a 13 bit value stored right justified as a big-endian (MSB in bit 12) value.
  • a primary PID register for decoder 6 appears at Address: OxOB and is configured as follows:
  • the Primary PID is a 13 bit value stored right justified as a big-endian (MSB in bit 12) value.
  • a secondary PID register for decoder 6 appears at Address: OxOC and is configured as follows:
  • the Secondary PID is a 13 bit value stored right justified as a big-endian
  • the Decoder 1 mode register (Read/Write) appears at Address: OxOD and is configured as follows:
  • Mode definitions are as follows: 0: Bypass all decode processing, disable state machine 1 : Substitution mode 2: Insertion Mode 4: Insertion & Deletion Mode All other values: Bypass all decode processing, disable state machine
  • the decoder 2 mode registers (Read/Write) appear at Address: OxOE and are configured as follows:
  • the Decoder 3 mode register (Read/Write) is at Address: OxOF and is configured as follows:
  • Decoder 4 Mode Register (Read/Write) appears at Address: 0x10 and is configured as follows:
  • Decoder 5 mode register (Read/ Write) appears at Address: 0x11 and is configured as follows:
  • Mode definitions are as follows: 0: Bypass all decode processing, disable state machine 1 : Substitution mode 2: Insertion Mode 4: Insertion & Deletion Mode All other values: Bypass all decode processing, disable state machine
  • the Decoder 6 mode register (Read/ Write) is at Address: 0x12 and is configured as follows:
  • the Decoder reset register (Write) is located at Address: 0x13 and is configured as follows:
  • Error_IRQn is the detection of two adjacent shadow packets without an intervening legacy packet, with n representing the number of the specific decoder.
  • content that is to be replaced is placed on packet boundaries. Since some information may not fit neatly within the boundaries of a packet, some additional content, which is not specifically the content of interest may need to be duplicated to fill up the packet. In other cases, the packet can simply be filled with null bytes (e.g., all zeros).
  • a typical video slice contains approximately 3 to 8 packets depending upon how much intra-coded data is present. It is noted that some decoders may have difficulty with multiple slices on a single video line even though the MPEG2 specification allows for this. It is also noted that there may be ending problems encountered if the substituted content is referenced from future frames. However, this can be resolved by establishing a rule that says that the substituted content cannot be referenced by past frames.
  • a decoder such as the above can be incorporated within a television STB or other television receiver and can be used to provide the end user with content substitution capabilities controlled either by the user or by the MSO.
  • FIGURE 12 an exemplary system configuration for a digital television Set-top box 600 is illustrated. Many configurations for such a STB are possible and the STB illustrated should only be considered as exemplary of such a STB configuration.
  • the transmission medium 604 such as a coaxial cable, is coupled by a suitable interface to a tuner 608.
  • Tuner 608 may, for example, include a broadcast in-band tuner for receiving video content.
  • a separate tuner (not shown) may be provided to receive conventional RF broadcast television channels.
  • Modulated information formatted, for example, as MPEG-2 information is then demodulated at a demodulator 610.
  • the demodulated information at the output of demodulator 610 is provided to a PID decoder / demultiplexer / descrambler circuit 614 where the information is separated into discrete channels of programming.
  • the programming is divided into packets, each packet having a PID that identifies the packet as containing a particular type of data (e.g., audio, video, data) relating to a particular program.
  • the PID decoder / demodulator / descrambler circuit 614 also decrypts encrypted information in accordance with a decryption algorithm to prevent unauthorized access to programming content, for example.
  • the PID decoder portion of 614 can operate in a manner similar to that of the decoder described by the stated diagram of FIGURE 8 under program control to select content having a particular PID as will be described later.
  • Audio packets from the demultiplexer 614 are decrypted and forwarded to an audio decoder 618 where they may be converted to analog audio to drive a speaker system (e.g., stereo or home theater multiple channel audio systems) or other audio system 622 (e.g., stereo or home theater multiple channel amplifier and speaker systems) or may simply provide decoded audio out at 626.
  • Video packets from the demultiplexer 614 are decrypted and forwarded to a video decoder 630.
  • data packets from the demultiplexer 614 (those identified with a data PID) are decrypted and forwarded to a data decoder 634.
  • Decoded data packets from data decoder 634 are sent to the set-top box's computer system via the system bus 634.
  • a control computer 644 can thus access the decoded data from data decoder 634 via the system bus 638 as well as programs and data in memory 646.
  • Video data decoded by video decoder 630 is passed to a graphics processor 648, which is a computer optimized to processes graphics information rapidly. Graphics processor 648 is particularly useful in processing graphics intensive data associated with Internet browsing, gaming and multimedia applications such as those associated with MHEG (Multimedia and Hypermedia information coding Experts Group) set-top box applications.
  • MHEG Multimedia and Hypermedia information coding Experts Group
  • STB 600 may incorporate a smart card reader 140 for communicating with a so called “smart card,” often serving as a Conditional Access Module (CAM).
  • the CAM typically includes a central processor unit of its own along with associated RAM and ROM memory.
  • Such smart card based CAMs are conventionally utilized for authentication of the user and authentication of transactions carried out by the user as well as authorization of services and storage of authorized cryptography keys.
  • the CAM can be used to provide the key for decoding incoming cryptographic data for content that the CAM determines the user is authorized to receive.
  • STB 600 can operate in a bidirectional communication mode so that data and other information can be transmitted not only from the system's head end to the end user, or from a service provider to the end user ofthe STB 600, but also, from the end user upstream using an out-of-band channel.
  • data passes through the system bus 638 to a modulator 652 through a diplexer forming part of tuner 604 and out through the transmission medium 604.
  • This capability is used to provide a mechanism for the STB 600 and/or its user to send information to the head end (e.g., service requests or changes, registration information, etc.) as well as to provide fast outbound communication with the Internet or other services provided at the head end to the end user.
  • Set-top box 600 may include any of a plurality of I/O (Input/Output) interfaces represented by I/O interfaces 656 that permit interconnection of I/O devices to the set- top box 600.
  • I/O interfaces 656 I/O interfaces 656 that permit interconnection of I/O devices to the set- top box 600.
  • a serial RS-232 port can be provided to enable interconnection to any suitable serial device supported by the STB 600's internal software.
  • communication with appropriately compatible devices can be provided via an Ethernet port, a USB (Universal Serial Bus) port, an IEEE 1394 (so-called firewireTM or i-linkTM) or IEEE 1394 wide port, or S-video port.
  • An infrared interface 660 provides communication with a remote controller 666. Such interfaces can be utilized to interconnect the STB 600 with any of a variety of accessory devices such as storage devices, audio / visual devices, gaming devices (not shown), Internet Appliances 28, etc.
  • the infrared interface 660 receives commands from an infrared remote control 666, infrared keyboard or other infrared control device.
  • front panel controls may be used in some embodiments to directly control the operation of the STB 600 through a front panel control interface as one of the provided interfaces. Selected interfaces such as those described above and others can be provided in STB 600 in various combinations as required or desired.
  • the main program content having a designated set of PIDS is played out in a normal manner until near the end of the program.
  • the viewer is presented with a menu selection on screen from which one of a plurality of endings is presented.
  • control computer 644 programs PID decoder 614 to select the ending chosen by the user. After this pause, is completed, the programming continues with the PID decoder 614 making the appropriate PID remapping to cause the audio, data and video for the selected ending to be played.
  • the program is normally associated with PID A and the user selects ending three, packets bearing PID C will be remapped to PID A for playback.
  • the user can make selections for playback of a particular segment of content that is substituted for the normal content.
  • a decoder consistent with certain embodiments of the present invention has a receiver receiving data that represents content, the data having at least first and second packet identifiers (PIDs) associated with first and second portions of content.
  • a content decoder is configured to play content having the first PID.
  • a controller determines that a substitution criterion has been met, and a PID mapper maps content having the second PID to the first PID so that the content originally having the second PID is played.
  • a method and apparatus for content substitution involves receiving data representing content, the data having at least first and second packet identifiers (PIDs) associated with first and second portions of content.
  • the content having the first PID is placed into a data stream.
  • An initiation flag is received indicating initiation of a PID mapping operation.
  • the content having the second PID is then mapped to the first PID and the mapped content is placed into the data stream.
  • a termination flag is received indicating termination of the PID mapping operation at which point the process returns to placing content having the first PID into the data stream.
  • the content substitution process can be used to replace advertisements, provide multiple plots, multiple endings, multiple views as well as other applications.
  • the present invention is implemented using a programmed processor executing programming instructions that are broadly described above form that can be stored on any suitable electronic storage medium or transmitted over any suitable electronic communication medium or otherwise be present in any computer readable or propagation medium.
  • programming instructions that are broadly described above form that can be stored on any suitable electronic storage medium or transmitted over any suitable electronic communication medium or otherwise be present in any computer readable or propagation medium.
  • the processes described above can be implemented in any number of variations and in many suitable programming languages without departing from the present invention. For example, the order of certain operations carried out can often be varied, additional operations can be added or operations can be deleted without departing from the invention. Error trapping can be added and/or enhanced and variations can be made in user interface and information presentation without departing from the present invention. Such variations are contemplated and considered equivalent.
  • Software code and/or data embodying certain aspects of the present invention may be present in any computer readable medium, transmission medium, storage medium or propagation medium including, but not limited to, electronic storage devices such as those described above, as well as carrier waves, electronic signals, data structures (e.g., trees, linked lists, tables, packets, frames, etc.) optical signals, propagated signals, broadcast signals, transmission media (e.g., circuit connection, cable, twisted pair, fiber optic cables, waveguides, antennas, etc.) and other media that stores, carries or passes the code and/or data. Such media may either store the software code and/or data or serve to transport the code and/or data from one location to another.
  • MPEG compliant packets, slices, tables and other data structures are used, but this should not be considered limiting since other data structures can similarly be used without departing from the present invention.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif de substitution de contenu. Dans certains modes de réalisation, le procédé selon l'invention consiste à recevoir des données représentant des contenus, lesdites données ayant au moins un premier et un deuxième identifiant de paquet (PID) associés à une première et une deuxième partie de contenu (108). Le contenu ayant le premier PID est placé dans un flux de données (112). Un indicateur d'initiation est reçu pour initier une opération de mappage PID (116). Le contenu ayant le deuxième PID est ensuite mappé sur le premier PID (124), et le contenu mappé est placé dans le flux de données. Un indicateur terminal est reçu pour indiquer la fin de l'opération de mappage PID, le processus étant alors ramené à l'étape de placement de contenu ayant le premier PID dans le flux de données. Le procédé de substitution de contenu peut servir à remplacer des publicités, à mettre en oeuvre plusieurs marques, plusieurs terminaisons, plusieurs vues ainsi que d'autres applications.
PCT/US2003/010641 2002-04-16 2003-04-07 Remplacement de contenu par mappage pid WO2003090401A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR10-2004-7016518A KR20040098074A (ko) 2002-04-16 2003-04-07 Ｐｉｄ 매핑에 의한 컨텐츠 대체
CA002480964A CA2480964A1 (fr) 2002-04-16 2003-04-07 Remplacement de contenu par mappage pid
JP2003587051A JP2005525010A (ja) 2002-04-16 2003-04-07 Ｐｉｄマッピングによるコンテンツの差替え
EP03728346A EP1495575A1 (fr) 2002-04-16 2003-04-07 Remplacement de contenu par mappage pid
AU2003234690A AU2003234690A1 (en) 2002-04-16 2003-04-07 Content replacement by pid mapping

Applications Claiming Priority (16)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US37287002P 2002-04-16 2002-04-16
US60/372,870 2002-04-16
US40967502P 2002-09-09 2002-09-09
US60/409,675 2002-09-09
PCT/US2002/040051 WO2003061173A2 (fr) 2002-01-02 2002-12-13 Cryptage partiel de trains de donnees elementaires
USPCT/US02/39958 2002-12-13
PCT/US2002/039958 WO2003061288A1 (fr) 2002-01-02 2002-12-13 Cryptage partiel et mise en correspondance d'identificateurs de paquets
PCT/US2002/040054 WO2003059039A2 (fr) 2002-01-02 2002-12-13 Chiffrement partiel par repartition dans le temps
USPCT/US02/40051 2002-12-13
USPCT/US02/40050 2002-12-13
USPCT/US02/40054 2002-12-13
US10/319,066 2002-12-13
USPCT/US02/40045 2002-12-13
PCT/US2002/040050 WO2003061289A1 (fr) 2002-01-02 2002-12-13 Cryptage partiel de paquets critiques
PCT/US2002/040045 WO2003065724A1 (fr) 2002-01-02 2002-12-13 Decodage et dechiffrement d'information partiellement chiffree
US10/319,066 US7765567B2 (en) 2002-01-02 2002-12-13 Content replacement by PID mapping

Publications (1)

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WO2003090401A1 true WO2003090401A1 (fr) 2003-10-30

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EP (1) EP1495575A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2003234690A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2480964A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003090401A1 (fr)

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EP1683339A2 (fr) * 2003-11-12 2006-07-26 Sony Electronics Inc. Remplacement du contenu fonde sur des macro-blocs par mappage pid
WO2006124468A2 (fr) * 2005-05-12 2006-11-23 Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. Mappage de programme numerique
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WO2009049005A1 (fr) * 2007-10-11 2009-04-16 Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. Accès simultané à un contenu multimédia dans un système de distribution de contenu multimédia
US20100189028A1 (en) * 2007-07-24 2010-07-29 Orbisat Da Amazonia Industria E Aerolevantamento S/A Method and system for broadcasting digital services
US8483078B2 (en) 2005-05-12 2013-07-09 Cisco Technology, Inc. Digital program management
US8590055B2 (en) 2006-02-15 2013-11-19 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for importing content having plurality of parts
US8978154B2 (en) 2006-02-15 2015-03-10 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for importing content having plurality of parts

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Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7512321B2 (en) * 2002-07-02 2009-03-31 Hitachi, Ltd. Video recording/playback system and method for generating video data capable of providing information for substituting an advertisement thereby
KR101087273B1 (ko) 2003-11-12 2011-11-29 소니 일렉트로닉스 인코포레이티드 Ｐｉｄ 맵핑에 의한 매크로-블록 기반 컨텐츠 교체
EP1683339A2 (fr) * 2003-11-12 2006-07-26 Sony Electronics Inc. Remplacement du contenu fonde sur des macro-blocs par mappage pid
EP1683339A4 (fr) * 2003-11-12 2009-08-12 Sony Electronics Inc Remplacement du contenu fonde sur des macro-blocs par mappage pid
JP4491290B2 (ja) * 2004-06-29 2010-06-30 日本電気通信システム株式会社 パケットエラー監視型ｍｐｅｇデコーダ、ｍｐｅｇ映像伝送システム及びｍｐｅｇ映像伝送方法
JP2006014153A (ja) * 2004-06-29 2006-01-12 Nec Commun Syst Ltd パケットエラー監視型ｍｐｅｇデコーダ、ｍｐｅｇ映像伝送システム及びｍｐｅｇ映像伝送方法
WO2006124468A3 (fr) * 2005-05-12 2007-01-18 Scientific Atlanta Mappage de programme numerique
WO2006124468A2 (fr) * 2005-05-12 2006-11-23 Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. Mappage de programme numerique
US8345677B2 (en) 2005-05-12 2013-01-01 Brian Crookes Digital program mapping
US8483078B2 (en) 2005-05-12 2013-07-09 Cisco Technology, Inc. Digital program management
US8978154B2 (en) 2006-02-15 2015-03-10 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for importing content having plurality of parts
US9147048B2 (en) 2006-02-15 2015-09-29 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for importing content having plurality of parts
US8590055B2 (en) 2006-02-15 2013-11-19 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for importing content having plurality of parts
US20100189028A1 (en) * 2007-07-24 2010-07-29 Orbisat Da Amazonia Industria E Aerolevantamento S/A Method and system for broadcasting digital services
WO2009049005A1 (fr) * 2007-10-11 2009-04-16 Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. Accès simultané à un contenu multimédia dans un système de distribution de contenu multimédia

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AU2003234690A1 (en) 2003-11-03
CA2480964A1 (fr) 2003-10-30

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