WO2001041075A1 - An access control system - Google Patents

An access control system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001041075A1
WO2001041075A1 PCT/DK2000/000656 DK0000656W WO0141075A1 WO 2001041075 A1 WO2001041075 A1 WO 2001041075A1 DK 0000656 W DK0000656 W DK 0000656W WO 0141075 A1 WO0141075 A1 WO 0141075A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
access
access code
electronic key
key device
storage means
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DK2000/000656
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Ernst Lykke Nielsen
Original Assignee
Bording Data A/S
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=8107458&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=WO2001041075(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Bording Data A/S filed Critical Bording Data A/S
Priority to AU15133/01A priority Critical patent/AU1513301A/en
Publication of WO2001041075A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001041075A1/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00896—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys specially adapted for particular uses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00182—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with unidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00571—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by interacting with a central unit
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/20—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass
    • G07C9/21—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass having a variable access code
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/20—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass
    • G07C9/27—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass with central registration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W12/00—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
    • H04W12/08—Access security
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00182—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with unidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
    • G07C2009/00261—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with unidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks the keyless data carrier having more than one function
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C2009/00753—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys
    • G07C2009/00769—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys with data transmission performed by wireless means
    • G07C2009/00785—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys with data transmission performed by wireless means by light

Abstract

An access control system which allows suppliers of goods or services to access a location, which would otherwise prevent delivery of the goods or the services; the access control system comprising an electronic key device and a lock control unit; the invention further relates to an electronic key device and a lock control unit for use in such a system, a storage module for user in such an electronic key device, and a method of controlling access to a location.

Description

An access control system
The invention relates to a method of controlling access to a location, where access to the location is restricted by a lock mechanism. Further the invention relates to an access control system which allows suppliers of goods or services to access a location, which would otherwise prevent delivery of the goods or the services. Further the invention relates to an electronic key device and a lock control unit for use in such a system, and a storage module for use in such an electronic key device.
Particularly in blocks of flats or companies it is common that a number of outer or front doors or intermediate doors must be passed before getting to a point of service, such as an apartment door, a mailbox, a service station or a meter for appliances, an area to be cleaned, etc. For example in case of delivery of newspapers, the delivery man often has to gain access to a stairway in order to be able to deliver the newspapers at the locked private doors or put them into the letter boxes. It frequently causes great difficulties to the delivery men to find the correct keys in a large bundle of keys, and the locks are frequently exchanged without the delivery company being informed of this. For reasons of security it is also more and more common to lock doors or gates to backyards, residential areas or company properties, where for example refuse containers may be placed, so that the refuse collection firms have a problem quite similar to the firms which deliver newspapers. It will be appreciated that similar problems are faced by:
• postmen
• cleaning companies • emergency physicians
• home help and other care workers
• policemen
• firemen
• artisans
• caretakers/superintendents
• and others .
Some of the above service providers require access on a daily basis, such as postmen, some may require access at certain time periods, such as on certain weekdays or at certain times of the day, for example a newspaper delivery man may require access between 6 a.m. and 9 a.m.
Furthermore, different services/deliveries may require different access rights, for example firemen, security companies or police may require access to all facilities, while a mailman only requires access to a mailbox.
Thus an object of the invention is to provide an efficient method and a system for controlling access to a location secured by a lock mechanism controlled by a lock control unit, which may provide a high degree of flexibility and a high level of security.
This is achieved when a method of controlling access to a location secured by a lock mechanism controlled by a lock control unit including first storage means comprises the steps of
storing a first access code in the first storage means, the first access code being indicative of a predetermined access right to the location; storing a second access code in a second storage means of an electronic key device;
using the electronic key device for requesting access to the location by transmitting the second access code from the electronic key device to the lock control unit;
comparing the transmitted second access code with the first access code stored in the first storage means; and
if the first access code corresponds to the second access code, initiating operating the lock mechanism.
Consequently, it is an advantage of the invention that a plurality of different access codes to different buildings may be stored and related to one or more electronic key devices, providing a flexible way of customising an access right profile for each electronic key device.
It is another advantage of the invention that each lock control unit may be provided with a specific set of valid access codes for that particular lock control unit. Therefore, a high degree of advanced functionality may be implemented by the method according to the invention, such as different security levels for a given building, self-destructive access codes, conditioned access codes, access codes for limited periods of times, etc.
It is a further advantage of the invention that the access right profile of individual electronic key devices and lock control units may be changed on short notice.
A location according to the invention may be a physical location, such as a building, an area, or some other residential, industrial, commercial or office facility, where access to the location is controlled by a lock mechanism, such as a physical lock at a door, a window, a gate or the like. Access to the location may be controlled at a single point of entry or at a plurality of access points. Furthermore, a location may also be a part of a building, area, etc., and, according to the invention, access to different parts of a location maybe controlled individually, such as at an outer gate, a front door, within an elevator granting access at all or selected floors, at doors to individual apartments, offices, sections, rooms, storage facilities, such as drawers, safes, etc. The location may be stationary, such as a building, or mobile such as a vehicle, a container, a ship, or the like.
Furthermore, the location may also be an installation, such as a control unit of an industrial facility, an electric meter, a computer system or the like, where access to the location is controlled by a lock mechanism, such as a physical lock at a control box, or an electronic lock, such as a hardware lock of a computer. The term access to a location may also comprise user access to a computer or computer program, where access is controlled by a software lock mechanism restricting access to a software application, to stored data, communications facilities, or the like.
An access right according to the invention may be the right to interact with a location. Examples of access rights include the right to enter a building, an area, a facility, etc., the right to operate a machine, a device, a vehicle, a computer, etc., the right to open or close a door, a window, a container, a box, etc., and the right to receive or deliver goods, data information, etc., as long as the access right can be controlled by a lock mechanism. The access code preferably comprises a sequence of data items which may be transferred to the lock control units and electronic key devices. It is understood that the preferred data format may depend upon the type of access rights, the storage capacity of the electronic key device or the lock control unit. The access code may comprise a binary code, an ASCII code, a sequence of phonemes or voice commands, touch tones, sound, or the like.
When the electronic key device is a mobile communications device, the method may be implemented with standard devices, such as a mobile telephone which may be used for regular communications purposes.
When the second storage means is a removable storage module adapted to be removably inserted into the electronic key device, a standard device may be easily adapted for the use according to the invention and access codes may be transferred to the electronic key device by insertion of a suitable storage module.
When the step of transmitting the second access code comprises the step of transmitting the second access code via wireless data communication, a fast and convenient interface between the electronic key device and the lock control unit may be provided without the need of physical contact .
In a preferred embodiment of the invention the wireless data communication utilises infrared data communication. It is an advantage of this embodiment that the communication may be based upon reliable standard components which are available as part of many devices, such as mobile phones, personal digital assistants, or the like. When the method further comprises the step of storing a plurality of access codes for a plurality of respective locations in the second storage means, one electronic key device may be used for a plurality of locations without reducing the level of security.
When the method further comprises the step of storing a plurality of valid access codes corresponding to a plurality of respective access rights in the first storage means, different types of access rights may be provided via the same lock control unit. This may include different security levels or different types of interaction or access at the location.
As mentioned above, the invention further relates to an access control system for controlling access to a location secured by a lock mechanism, the access control system comprising
an electronic key device including
a) first input means for receiving data items representing at least one access code indicative of a predetermined access right;
b) first storage means adapted to store at least one of the received data items; and
c) first transmitting means adapted to transmit a first control signal indicative of a selected one of the at least one access code;
a lock control unit including
a) first receiving means adapted to receive the transmitted first control signal; b) second storage means adapted to store at least one reference access code indicative of a predetermined access right;
c) first processing means adapted to process the received first control signal and compare the received selected access code with at least one of the at least one stored reference access code; and
d) control means adapted to initiate operating the lock mechanism depending on the result of the comparison.
As the above system and its preferred embodiments correspond to the method and its preferred embodiments described above and in the following, and since it comprises corresponding advantages, not all of these advantages will be described again.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the electronic key device is a mobile communications station, such as a mobile telephone.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the first storage means is a removable storage module adapted to be removably inserted into the electronic key device.
When the electronic key device further comprises second input means adapted to receive input from a user indicating a selection of a third one of the at least one access code stored in the first storage means; and display means for displaying information about the selected third access code, a user interface is provided to the user for selecting a desired access right from a plurality of stored access rights.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the first control signal is a wireless data communications signal. In yet another preferred embodiment of the invention the first transmitting means is an infrared communications port .
The invention further relates to a lock control unit for use in a system described above and in the following, wherein the lock control unit comprises
a) first receiving means adapted to receive a first control signal indicative of a selected access code;
b) second storage means adapted to store at least one reference access code indicative of a predetermined access right;
c) first processing means adapted to process the received first control signal and compare the received selected access code with at least one of the at least one stored reference access code; and
d) control means adapted to initiate operating the lock mechanism depending on the result of the comparison.
The invention further relates to an electronic key device for use in a system described above and in the following, wherein the electronic key device comprises
a) first input means for receiving data items representing at least one access code indicative of a predetermined access right;
b) first storage means adapted to store at least one of the received data items; and
c) first transmitting means adapted to transmit a first control signal indicative of a selected one of the at least one access code; The invention further relates to a removable storage module for use in an electronic key device described above and in the ■ following, wherein the removable storage module is adapted to store data items identifying a plurality of predetermined access rights.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the removable storage module further comprises processing means adapted to initiate transmitting a control signal indicative of a request for granting a selected one of the plurality of predetermined access rights.
The invention will be explained more fully below in connection with preferred embodiments and with reference to the drawings, in which:
fig. 1 shows a data flow diagram of an embodiment of the access code management according to the invention;
fig. 2 shows a block diagram of an embodiment of a system for controlling access to a location according to the invention;
figs. 3a-b show two embodiments of an electronic key device according to the invention;
fig. 4 shows a flow diagram of an embodiment of the access control process according to the invention;
fig. 5 shows a block diagram of an embodiment of the software components of the access code management system according to the invention.
Fig. 1 shows the principle of an embodiment of the invention using the delivery of newspapers as an example. The invention is, however, not restricted to the delivery of newspapers. If, in the first instance, it is imagined that the invention is worked by a single company, fig. 1 may be explained as follows:
A newspaper company 5 has a number of subscribers who are to have their newspaper delivered to their respective residence. Information on the subscribers and their electronic access codes are kept in a database at the newspaper company 5. The information may be transferred from this database to a number of electronic key devices, such as mobile phones 2. Preferably, a newspaper delivery man 1 may receive the information relevant for the subscribers on his route as a printed list including the access codes. An access code may comprise a number of alphanumeric characters or other symbols available via the keypad. The newspaper delivery man 1 may then enter the access codes into his mobile phone 2, preferably via the keypad of the mobile phone 2. An access code may comprise a number of alphanumeric characters, for example 5, or other symbols available via the keypad. Preferably, the access codes are stored on the SIM card of the mobile phone 2, and they may be entered in a special order which fits the delivery of goods and services, such as delivery of newspapers along a predetermined route. With this mobile phone 2, the delivery man 1 can get access to a locked stairway in a building when the mobile phone 2 is provided with the correct electronic access code information, which may be transmitted electronically from the mobile phone 2 to a lock 3 at the door to the residence. The lock 3 is adapted to receive the signals from the mobile phone 2 and to cause the door to be unlocked. The valid access codes may be manually entered into the lock, for example by service staff 4 receiving a printed list of valid access codes and their corresponding locks from the newspaper company 5. The service staff 4 may enter the access codes into the lock 3 via a keypad, dip switches or the like. As an addi- tional advantage of the system according to this embodiment of the invention, the newspaper company 5 can see whether the delivery man 1 has unlocked the door to the stairway, e.g. in the event of a complaint of non- delivery of the newspaper.
The electronic key device of the invention and the associated management of electronic access code information, however, may also form the basis for several different companies. In general an access right owner grants an access right to an access right grantee. An administrator may administrate the access rights, and manage the electronic key devices, the lock control units and/or the access codes.
Now referring to fig. 2, a first embodiment of an access control system according to the invention comprises a mobile electronic key device 201 and a lock control unit 221 which controls a lock mechanism 231, such as a lock of a door. The electronic key device 201 comprises a display 202 for displaying information related to at least one access code, a keypad 203 for inputting commands and for selecting an access code, and a communication port, preferably an IR (infrared) port complying to a known standard such as an IrDa (Infrared Data Association) standard. The electronic key device 201 may be a mobile phone, a PDA (personal digital assistant) , a handheld computer, a smart card, a PSION terminal, a bar code reader, or another terminal that can emit an infrared or radio-based signal or other type of signal which can be received by a lock control unit 221 controlling access to the location, for example by controlling a lock of a door. Embodiments of an electronic key device 201 according to the invention are further described in connection with figs. 3a-b. It applies in general to all types of electronic key devices that they should be capable of being updated with information on access codes and other information that can identify a lock control unit 221 or a combination of a lock and a door, e.g. information on a combination of numbers which has to be entered via the keypad 203. Preferably, the electronic key device 201 is capable of emitting an electronic signal including an access code which can activate the lock control unit 221 either wirelessly or via some other form of link. Preferably, infrared signals or radio transmission are used.
The lock control unit 221 comprises a receiver 227 for receiving the signal with the access code transmitted by the communication port 209 of the electronic key device 201. The receiver 227 should be compatible with the communication port 209, and preferably, the receiver 227 is an IrDa port. The receiver 227 is connected to a processing unit 222 which is connected to a memory 223, such as a RAM or EPROM. The memory 223 is capable of storing access codes valid for the lock control unit 221, and the processing unit 222 is adapted to compare the received access code with the stored access codes. The processing unit 222further controls the storing and retrieving of access codes, and other possible operations such as generating log data and storing them in the memory, self-test functions, or the like. The processing unit 222 is further connected to a lock control interface 224 which is adapted to control a lock mechanism 231. If the received access code is valid, the processing unit 222 may send a control signal to the lock control interface 224 which causes the lock control interface 224 to initiate operating the lock mechanism 231 and thereby granting access to the location. The lock control unit 221 further comprises a user interface 226, comprising a display 226a and a keypad 226b, via which an authorised user may enter access codes and otherwise control the lock control unit 221, for example in connection with maintenance, testing, manual operation or the like. The entered access codes are stored in the memory 223.
The lock control unit 221 is connected to a lock mechanism 231, such as a door lock systems, a valve control system, or the like. The connection may be a electrical or mechanical connection or a wireless communication link. Alternatively, instead of a separate lock mechanism 231, the lock control unit 221 itself may contain corresponding electrical, electronic and/or mechanical components, such as an electric engine, which could open a valve, or an electric device, which could open a door.
The lock mechanism 231 comprises a unit which, for example via an electrical/electronic relay, can activate a lock (not shown) which is for example mounted on a door. The lock mechanism 231 may be connected to an existing door telephone system in a building, or it may be adapted to operate independently, via its own mechanical parts and its own power supply. Preferably, the lock mechanism 231 is capable of receiving from and optionally also emitting a signal to the lock control interface 224. A verification process may be provided hereby, where the security concerning the access control system according to the invention is enhanced even further.
Furthermore, if a delivery man, for example, has a number of stairways or companies on his round which are protected by magnetic card readers, the electronic key device may be a smart card with chips into which information has been input by a key manager, so that the doors on the round can be opened by means of the smart card.
Fig. 3a shows a first embodiment of an electronic key device according to the invention. The electronic key device 501 may be a standard GSM telephone, as illustrated in fig. 3a. The electronic key device comprises a removable SIM card (Subscriber Identity Module) 506, a transmit/receive aerial 504, a transmit/receive circuit 505, and a display 502 for displaying access code information to the user.
The SIM card 506 comprises a processor or control circuit 508 and a memory 507. The memory may be divided into a ROM 507a with the SIM operating system and other program code stored on it, and a RAM and/or EPROM 507b for storing data items and for use by the control unit.
When data items comprising access codes are received by the aerial 504 from the administrator or a service provider, they are routed via the circuit 505 to the SIM card 506, where the control unit 508 stores the data in the memory 507b.
When the user requests an access code, via the keypad
(not shown) of the electronic key device, the control unit 508 retrieves the access code from the memory 507b and displays the access code and/or related information on the display 502.
According to the invention, the user may issue a command via the keypad for initiating the use of a selected access code. On request from the user, the control unit 508 initiates transmitting the selected access code via the circuit 505 and the aerial 504 to the lock control unit. The application software controlling the storing, retrieval, selection, and transmitting of access codes is stored in the memory 507a.
Fig. 5b shows a second embodiment of an electronic key device according to the invention. The electronic key device 501 of fig. 5b comprises a removable SIM card 506, a transmit/receive aerial 504, a transmit/receive circuit 505, and a display 502 for displaying access code information to the user.
In this embodiment, the receiving, storing and selection of access codes are performed as in the first embodiment shown in fig. 5a. However, the electronic key device of figure 5b further comprises an infrared communication port 509, preferably following the IrDa (Infrared Data Association) standard. The infrared port is connected to the circuit 505.
According to the invention, the control unit 508 is adapted to initiate the transmission of the selected access code via the circuit 505 and the infrared port 509 to a corresponding port of the lock control unit. This may, for example, be achieved by adapting the operating system stored in the memory 507a to allow the application software to control the communications port 509. The application software controlling the storing, retrieval, selection, and transmitting of access codes is stored in the memory 507a.
It is an advantage of the infrared communication, that it allows a fast transmission of the access code to the lock control unit and, therefore, a short response time from the user issuing the command to the lock control unit operating the lock mechanism. Furthermore, the infrared transmission has the advantage, that it does not involve costs for using a communications network. It is understood that, alternatively, other communication means, such as a Bluetooth communication port, acoustic signals, or the like, may be used.
Fig. 4 shows a flow diagram of a first embodiment of the communication process between the electronic key device 601 and the lock control unit 621 according to the invention.
According to this embodiment, a number of access codes are entered manually in the electronic key device 601 and the lock control unit 621 and stored in their respective memories, as illustrated by steps 694-696 and 697-699, respectively. The manual entry 695, 698 of access codes by a user may for example utilise switches, such as DIP- switches, or a keypad on the electronic key device and the lock control unit, respectively. The electronic key device may also be connected to a computer, e.g. via a cable connection, a docking station, an infrared or Bluetooth port or the like. The manual entry may be performed by the administrator, the access right owner, the access right grantee or a third party.
The steps 687-693 in fig. 4 illustrate an access control session, where an access right grantee requests access to a location via an electronic key device 601 and a lock control unit 621. Upon request from the user, in step 688 a selected access code is transmitted from the electronic key device 601 to the lock control unit 621, e.g. via infrared communication as described in connection with fig. 5b. In step 689 the lock control unit verifies the received access code with the access codes stored in the memory of the lock control unit. If the received access code corresponds to one of the valid stored access codes, the lock mechanism is operated in step 691, and thereby granting access to the location. The operation may comprise unlocking and/or locking the lock mechanism, as restricting access to a location may also require a granted access right. If the verification 689 of the access code fails, the lock mechanism is not operated. In both cases log data about the above session may be generated and stored in the memory of the lock control unit and/or the electronic key device, as illustrated by steps 692 and 693, respectively.
Now referring to fig. 5, the application software of the electronic key device 801 is stored in the memory and executed on the processing unit of the electronic key device 801, as described in connection with the embodiments illustrated in figs. 3a-b, where the memory 507a and the processing unit 508 are shown. The application software preferably comprises an access code input module 865 which receives the access codes input by a user, via the keypad, and stores the access codes in an access code register 861 which preferably is physically located in the RAM part 507b of the memory 507. An access code retrieval module 862 retrieves selected access codes from the access code register and displays them on the display 502 or passes them to the access code transmission module 863 which controls the transmission of the selected access code to the lock control unit 821. The application software may further comprise a log module 864, preferably with interfaces to both the access code input module 865 and the access code transmission module 863. The log module 864 may store relevant log data in memory, such as information about when which access codes were stored, changed or deleted, or when which access code were transmitted to which lock control unit .
The software components executed on the processing unit of the lock control unit 821 are stored in the memory of the lock control unit 821, as illustrated in connection with the embodiment of the lock control unit shown in fig. 2, where the memory 223 and the processing unit 222 are shown. The software components of the lock control unit 821 comprise an access code input module 876 for receiving access code data input by a user via a user interface 226 or another input means. The access code input module 876 stores the access code data in an access code register 871 in the memory 223.
The lock control unit 821 further comprises an access code reception module 873, which receives the access code transmitted by the electronic key device 801. The access code reception module 873 interfaces with an access code verification module 872 responsible for the verification of the received access code. The access code verification module 872 has further access to the access code register 871 for retrieving stored access codes and comparing them with the received access code.
The access code verification module 872 further interfaces with a lock control module 874 in order to pass information about the result of the verification to the lock control unit 874. The lock control module 874 generates a control signal which is sent to the lock mechanism (not shown) and initiates operation of the lock mechanism.
The software of the lock control unit 821 may also comprise a log module 875 responsible for logging relevant data and events and storing log data in the memory 223.

Claims

1. A method of controlling access to a location secured by a lock mechanism controlled by a lock control unit including first storage means, the method comprising the steps of
storing a first access code in the first storage means, the first access code being indicative of a predetermined access right to the location;
storing a second access code in a second storage means of an electronic key device;
using the electronic key device for requesting access to the location by transmitting the second access code from the electronic key device to the lock control unit;
comparing the transmitted second access code with the first access code stored in the first storage means; and
if the first access code corresponds to the second access code, initiating operating the lock mechanism.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the electronic key device is a mobile communications device.
3. The method according to any one of the claims 1 through 2, wherein the second storage means is a removable storage module adapted to be removably inserted into the electronic key device.
4. The method according to any one of the claims 1 through 3, wherein the step of transmitting the second access code comprises the step of transmitting the second access code via wireless data communication.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the wireless data communication utilises infrared data communication.
6. The method according to any one of the claims 1 through 5, wherein the method further comprises the step of storing a plurality of access codes for a plurality of respective locations in the second storage means.
7. The method according to any one of the claims 1 through 6, wherein the method further comprises the step of storing a plurality of valid access codes corresponding to a plurality of respective access rights in the first storage means.
8. An access control system for controlling access to a location secured by a lock mechanism, the access control system comprising
an electronic key device including
a) first input means for receiving data items representing at least one access code indicative of a predetermined access right;
b) first storage means adapted to store at least one of the received data items; and
c) first transmitting means adapted to transmit a first control signal indicative of a selected one of the at least one access code;
a lock control unit including
a) first receiving means adapted to receive the transmitted first control signal; b) second storage means adapted to store at least one reference access code indicative of a predetermined access right;
c) first processing means adapted to process the received first control signal and compare the received selected access code with at least one of the at least one stored reference access code; and
d) control means adapted to initiate operating the lock mechanism depending on the result of the comparison.
9. The system according to claim 8, wherein the electronic key device is a mobile communications station.
10. The system according to any one of the claims 8 through 9, wherein the electronic key device is a mobile telephone .
11. The system according to any one of the claims 8 through 10, wherein the first storage means is a removable storage module adapted to be removably inserted into the electronic key device.
12. The system according to any one of the claims 8 through 11, wherein the electronic key device further comprises second input means adapted to receive input from a user indicating a selection of a third one of the at least one access code stored in the first storage means; and display means for displaying information about the selected third access code.
13. The system according to any one of the claims 8 through 12, wherein the first control signal is a wireless data communications signal.
14. The system according to any one of the claims 8 through 13, wherein the first transmitting means is an infrared communications port.
15. A lock control unit for use in a system according to any one of the claims 8 through 14, wherein the lock control unit comprises
a) first receiving means adapted to receive a first control signal indicative of a selected access code;
b) second storage means adapted to store at least one reference access code indicative of a predetermined access right;
c) first processing means adapted to process the received first control signal and compare the received selected access code with at least one of the at least one stored reference access code; and
d) control means adapted to initiate operating the lock mechanism depending on the result of the comparison.
16. An electronic key device for use in a system according to any one of the claims 8 through 14, wherein the electronic key device comprises
a) first input means for receiving data items representing at least one access code indicative of a predetermined access right;
b) first storage means adapted to store at least one of the received data items; and
c) first transmitting means adapted to transmit a first control signal indicative of a selected one of the at least one access code;
17. A removable storage module for use in an electronic key device according to claim 16, wherein the removable storage module is adapted to store data items identifying a plurality of predetermined access rights.
18. The removable storage module according to claim 17, wherein the removable storage module further comprises processing means adapted to initiate transmitting a control signal indicative of a request for granting a selected one of the plurality of predetermined access rights.
PCT/DK2000/000656 1999-11-30 2000-11-30 An access control system WO2001041075A1 (en)

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US20020180582A1 (en) 2002-12-05
CA2392405A1 (en) 2001-06-07
CN1239800C (en) 2006-02-01
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US7012503B2 (en) 2006-03-14
EP1234084A1 (en) 2002-08-28
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AU1513301A (en) 2001-06-12
AU778481B2 (en) 2004-12-09

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