WO2001003907A1 - Device and method for incorporating sensitive additives into thermoplastic synthetic material - Google Patents

Device and method for incorporating sensitive additives into thermoplastic synthetic material Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001003907A1
WO2001003907A1 PCT/AT2000/000127 AT0000127W WO0103907A1 WO 2001003907 A1 WO2001003907 A1 WO 2001003907A1 AT 0000127 W AT0000127 W AT 0000127W WO 0103907 A1 WO0103907 A1 WO 0103907A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plastic material
screw
zone
additive
plasticized
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AT2000/000127
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Helmut Bacher
Helmuth Schulz
Georg Wendelin
Original Assignee
Helmut Bacher
Helmuth Schulz
Georg Wendelin
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Helmut Bacher, Helmuth Schulz, Georg Wendelin filed Critical Helmut Bacher
Priority to AU47235/00A priority Critical patent/AU4723500A/en
Priority to DE20080290U priority patent/DE20080290U1/en
Publication of WO2001003907A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001003907A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/74—Bypassing means, i.e. part of the molten material being diverted into downstream stages of the extruder
    • B29C48/745—Bypassing means, i.e. part of the molten material being diverted into downstream stages of the extruder for plasticising or homogenising devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B29B7/40—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft
    • B29B7/42—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft with screw or helix
    • B29B7/426—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft with screw or helix with consecutive casings or screws, e.g. for charging, discharging, mixing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B29B7/40—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft
    • B29B7/42—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft with screw or helix
    • B29B7/428—Parts or accessories, e.g. casings, feeding or discharging means
    • B29B7/429—Screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/58—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/58—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/60—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations for feeding, e.g. end guides for the incoming material
    • B29B7/603—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations for feeding, e.g. end guides for the incoming material in measured doses, e.g. proportioning of several materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/58—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/66—Recycling the material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/80—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/82—Heating or cooling
    • B29B7/826—Apparatus therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/80—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/88—Adding charges, i.e. additives
    • B29B7/885—Adding charges, i.e. additives with means for treating, e.g. milling, the charges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/80—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/88—Adding charges, i.e. additives
    • B29B7/90—Fillers or reinforcements, e.g. fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/285—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder
    • B29C48/29—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder in liquid form
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/58—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/72—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/285—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder
    • B29C48/288—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder in solid form, e.g. powder or granules
    • B29C48/2886—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder in solid form, e.g. powder or granules of fibrous, filamentary or filling materials, e.g. thin fibrous reinforcements or fillers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/0005—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing compounding ingredients
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B29K2105/12—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of short lengths, e.g. chopped filaments, staple fibres or bristles

Definitions

  • thermoplastic material Device and method for introducing sensitive additives into thermoplastic material
  • the invention relates to a device for introducing sensitive additives, in particular those sensitive to shear or kneading, into thermoplastic material, with a plasticizing zone in which there is a plasticizing screw, which is stored in a housing zone for converting the plastic material into the plasticized state, which plasticizing screw conveys the plasticized plastic material to a screw section of a relaxation zone in which at least one additive is fed to the plasticized plastic material via at least one line and mixed with the plasticized plastic material by means of a screw.
  • the object of the invention is to at least reduce, if not to avoid, these disadvantages and to improve a device of the type described at the outset so that the additives introduced into the plastic material, in particular those which are sensitive to shear or kneading, for example glass fibers , less or not damaged, however, can be encased better by the plastic material.
  • the invention solves this problem in that between the plasticizing zone and the relaxation zone there is a bluff body rotating with the plasticizing screw and shearing the plastic material in a stagnation zone which holds the current the plasticized plastic material flowing over it limits and that, seen in the direction of transport of the plastic material, at least one in front of this bluff body
  • Branch for plasticized plastic material branches off, which bypasses the bluff body and after the opening point of the line for the additive opens into the screw section of the relaxation zone or into a housing section located behind it.
  • the total throughput of the plasticizing screw is divided in this way. A part is passed over the bluff body and through the shear caused by it and, if necessary, an external additional heating, e.g. Resistance heater around that
  • the additive or additives are introduced into this part of the material brought to a higher temperature and therefore correspondingly low-viscosity, which results in better wetting of the additives, in particular the fibers, e.g. Glass fibers, and a quicker impregnation of the fiber material results.
  • the remaining part of the total throughput of the plasticizing screw is then brought together again and mixed. This pretreatment makes it easier to mix the highly viscous melt part with the additive-containing premix.
  • the thermal damage to the plastic material which is caused by the influence of the bluff body or the additional heating, must be kept within such limits that the advantage of protecting the additives, in particular better wetting and fiber length maintenance, and the associated strength gain of the fiber-reinforced plastic material outweighs.
  • the bluff body is a damming screw, the flight depth and / or pitch of which is less than that of the plasticizing screw. Thanks to its flat geometry, this pusher screw simply brings the plastic material to the desired higher temperature, which is higher than that of the plastic material that is led through the bypass channel.
  • the pusher screw expediently has the same direction of its course as the plasticizing screw, and thus has no return thread. As a result, the plastic material subjected to high shear by this pusher screw is directed towards Relaxation zone promoted so that the shear influence is only brief and therefore
  • Damage to the plastic material can be kept within acceptable limits.
  • the flight depth of at least a part of the screw section of the relaxation zone is greater than the flight depth of the plasticizing screw in order to give the additive-containing low-viscosity mixture sufficient opportunity to intimately mix with the high-viscosity plastic supplied via the bypass-forming channels mix.
  • a screw section in the region of the mouth of the line for the additive in comparison to the subsequent relaxation zone in order to achieve a better initial distribution of the additive substances.
  • a screw section follow the relaxation zone, the flight depth of which is less than that in the relaxation zone.
  • the plasticizing screw, the bluff body, the screw section of the expansion zone and preferably also the screw section following the expansion zone coaxially and to provide it with a common drive.
  • the arrangement is such that the aforementioned components have a common housing that has a constant inner diameter.
  • a stuffing and metering element provided in the line supplying the additive, for example a screw, in particular a co-rotating twin screw, which presses the additive into the relaxation zone in order to achieve a reliable supply of the additive.
  • the method according to the invention for introducing at least one sensitive additive, in particular one sensitive to shear or kneading, into thermoplastic plastic material, in which the plastic material is converted into the plasticized state and then allowed to relax, the additive being introduced into the relaxing plastic material and mixed with it, is characterized in that the plasticized plastic material is divided into two ways, whereby the plastic material is brought to a higher temperature than in its previous plastication by the action of a, preferably brief, shear and the additive is introduced into this more heated plastic material , and that the plasticized Plastic material with the plastic material part containing the additive after the
  • the second route can be formed by one or more channels through which the higher-viscosity plastic material is guided.
  • the amount of plastic material carried in the first way is less than the amount of plastic material carried in the second way.
  • the influence of the thermal damage to the plastic material remains low.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the device according to the invention in
  • FIG. 2 shows in a section similar to Fig. 1 an embodiment.
  • 3 shows a further embodiment variant for a detail in vertical section.
  • thermoplastic material to be processed for example in the form of sacks, film remnants, bottles, etc.
  • a shredder 2 from above via a conveyor belt 1.
  • the ripper 2 has a pot-shaped receptacle 3, in the bottom area of which tools 4 rotate around the vertical axis of the container. These tools 4 shred and / or mix and / or heat the introduced plastic material and press it into an opening 5 arranged in the side wall of the receptacle 3.
  • the opening 5 also forms the feed opening of a plasticizing zone 48, in which a plasticizing screw 8 is rotatably mounted in a housing 7.
  • the core 9 of this screw is driven by a drive 11, in particular a motor with a gear, via a shaft 10.
  • the plastic material introduced into the plasticizing zone 48 is carried along in the direction of arrow 12 by the screw 8 and gradually brought into a plasticized state.
  • the plasticized material thus converted into a highly viscous state is divided into two parts at point 13.
  • the first, smaller volume flows over a screw Bluff body 14 which is rotatably mounted in a housing zone 15 and with the
  • Plasticizing screw 8 is rotationally connected. The other, larger part of the plasticized material supplied by the plasticizing screw 8 reaches the two in
  • Housing zone 7 connected channels 16, in which the plasticized material thus flows in the direction of arrows 17.
  • the channels 16 bypass the bluff body 14 and only after that (seen in the transport direction of the plastic material)
  • the channels 16 are connected to a housing zone 19, in which a worm 20, which is connected to the bluff body 14 in a rotationally locking manner, is rotatably mounted, the core 21 of which gradually decreases in the transport direction (arrow 22) of the plastic material, so that the housing zone 19 has a relaxation zone 49 for the plastic material.
  • the screw forming the bluff body 14 has a pitch that is less than that of the plasticizing screw 8.
  • the flight depth of the screw forming the bluff body 14 can be less than the lowest flight depth of the plasticizing screw 8.
  • the described flat geometry of the screw forming the bluff body 14 causes the plastic material in the housing zone 15 to be brought to a desired higher temperature than this material has in the other zones of the device. This higher temperature is caused by the high shear and if necessary by an additional heater 51, e.g.
  • the direction of incline of the flights of the accumulation screw 14 is oriented in the same way as the direction of increase of the plasticizing screw 8, so that the accumulation screw 14 also transports the material in the direction of the arrow 22. This ensures that the volume flow in the storage zone 50 is kept constant.
  • the plastic material brought to a higher temperature by the pusher screw 14 and possibly the additional heater 51 is thus more liquid or less viscous than the material supplied by the plasticizing screw 8.
  • This low-viscosity material passes from the housing zone 15 into the relaxation zone 49 and is combined there with the additive or additives which are introduced into the relaxation zone 49 via a line 24.
  • the line 24 is connected laterally to the housing zone 19 of the relaxation zone 49 and forms a housing in which a stuffing and dosing element, in particular a double screw 23 running in parallel (two screws arranged parallel to one another, which are in the same position) Direction are driven) is provided.
  • Dosing element is carried out by a motor 25 with a gearbox 26. Dosing of the additives to be introduced can be achieved by means of a speed control.
  • the additive material to be introduced by the twin screw 23 is fed by a feed device 27, e.g. a funnel, introduced into line 24.
  • the twin screw 23 transports this material in the direction of the arrow 28 and presses or stuffs it into the housing zone 19 at the mouth 29 of the line 24. 1, seen in the direction of arrow 22 (transport direction of the plastic material), in front of the point 18, at which the branched-off material flow guided over the bypass-forming channels 16 is returned.
  • This liquefied material wets the introduced additives intimately or there is a rapid impregnation of fiber material.
  • the initial distribution of the additives forming additives can be improved in that the screw 20 of the relaxation zone 49 has multiple threads in the region of the indentation point 29.
  • This multi-start section of the screw 20 extends approximately to the point 18, at which the bypass channels 16 open into the housing zone 19. From there, the screw 20 of the relaxation zone 49 has approximately the same pitch as the plasticizing screw 8, but has a reduced diameter of the core 21 for relaxing the plastic material it guides.
  • the housing section following the point 18 in the direction of the arrow 22 therefore, has the low-viscosity Amount of plastic to which the additives (reinforcing fibers and / or fillers) are mixed, sufficient time and space to mix with the highly viscous plastic stream supplied by the bypass channels 16.
  • the pretreatment mentioned facilitates the mixing of the main stream (highly viscous melt) carried by the channels 16 with the additive-containing premix.
  • the plastic material containing the additives reaches a further housing zone 31, in which a screw section 32 is mounted, the core diameter of which increases again to a value which is smaller than the largest core diameter of the plasticizing screw 8.
  • the plastic material in the housing zone 31 is again put under higher pressure and finally ejected through a discharge opening 33 in the direction of the arrow 34.
  • Any device for further processing of the plastic material containing the additives can be connected to this opening 33, for example one Granulating device or a device for introducing the plastic material into
  • the bluff body 14 does not have to be formed by a damming screw.
  • the bluff body 14 from one or more baffle plates. In the case of a pusher screw, this does not have to be in one piece, e.g. possible to form the bluff body 14 by a plurality of screw sections connected in series, the course geometries of which may differ from one another.
  • the housing zones 7, 15, 19 and 31 have the same outside and inside diameters throughout. This significantly simplifies the manufacture of the entire housing. Since the screws 8, 14, 20 and 32 are all connected to one another in a rotationally locking manner, only a single drive 11 is required. For easier production, however, it is advisable to manufacture the individual screw sections separately and to connect them to one another in a known manner in a rotationally locking manner.
  • the embodiment according to FIG. 2 differs from that according to FIG. 1 in that the plastic material plasticized by the plasticizing screw 8 is subjected to filtering before it is degassed and then fed to the bluff body 14 or the bypass channels 16.
  • a sealing screw 35 is connected to the plasticizing screw 8 in a rotationally locking manner, the screw flights of which have a direction of inclination opposite to the plasticizing screw 8 and thus form a return thread.
  • the material supplied by the plasticizing screw 8 in the direction of arrow 12 is forced to flow into a channel 36 in the direction of arrow 37, which channel 36 leads to a filter device 38, from which the filtered material is channeled in the direction of arrow 40 flows back into an additional housing section 41.
  • the filter device 38 is expediently designed as a tandem filter, with two filters being connected in parallel and, in normal operation, the plastic material to be cleaned flows against them at the same time. As soon as contamination appears, the material flow to one filter can be shut off and this filter can be put into a cleaning position or backwashed while the other filter continues to work normally.
  • a further relaxation zone 52 is formed by a reduced diameter of the core 42 of the screw 43 mounted in it, which is also designed as a degassing zone, so that the ventilation openings 30 are arranged here. If desired, however, degassing openings can also be provided in the housing section 19 following the bluff body 14.
  • a funnel 45 can also be provided for the supply of this material in the direction of arrow 46 from above into the opening 5 of the housing zone 7. This can be supported by the fact that an insertion screw or another insertion tool is present in the hopper 45.

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for incorporating sensitive additives, in particular additives sensitive to shearing or kneading, into a thermoplastic synthetic material. Said device has a plasticization zone (48), in which a plasticization worm (8), mounted in a housing (7) is located, for converting the synthetic material into a plasticized state. The plasticization worm (8) conveys the plasticized material to a worm section (20) which is configured as a relaxation zone (49). In said relaxation zone (49), at least one additive is fed to the plasticized synthetic material, using at least one conduit (24) and is mixed with the plasticized synthetic material using a worm (20). A retaining body (14) which rotates together with the plasticization worm is provided in a retaining zone (50) between the plasticization zone (7) and the relaxation zone (49). Said retaining body restricts the flow of plasticized synthetic material that passes over it. When viewed from the direction of transport of the synthetic material, at least one conduit (16) for plasticized synthetic material branches off in front of said retaining body (14) which by-passes the retaining body (14) and opens into the worm section (20) of the relaxation zone (49) or into a housing zone (31) which lies beyond said relaxation zone, once it has passed the mouth (29) of the conduit (24) for the additive. This improves the fusion of the incorporated additive with the synthetic material.

Description

Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Einbringung von empfindlichen Additiven in thermoplastisches Kunststoffmaterial Device and method for introducing sensitive additives into thermoplastic material
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vorrichtung zur Einbringung von empfindlichen, insbesondere gegen Scherung bzw. Knetung empfindlichen, Additiven in thermoplastisches Kunststoffmaterial, mit einer Plastifizierzone, in welcher eine in einer Gehäusezone gelagerte Plastifizierschnecke zur Überführung des Kunststoffmateriales in den plastifizierten Zustand vorhanden ist, welche Plastifizierschnecke das plastifizierte Kunststoffmaterial zu einem Schneckenabschnitt einer Entspannungszone fördert, in welcher zumindest ein Additiv dem plastifizierten Kunststoffmaterial über zumindest eine Leitung zugeführt und mit dem plastifizierten Kunststoffmaterial mittels einer Schnecke vermischt wird.The invention relates to a device for introducing sensitive additives, in particular those sensitive to shear or kneading, into thermoplastic material, with a plasticizing zone in which there is a plasticizing screw, which is stored in a housing zone for converting the plastic material into the plasticized state, which plasticizing screw conveys the plasticized plastic material to a screw section of a relaxation zone in which at least one additive is fed to the plasticized plastic material via at least one line and mixed with the plasticized plastic material by means of a screw.
Die bisher üblichen Vorgangsweisen bei der Einbringung von Additiven in plastifiziertes thermoplastisches Kunststoffmateriai sahen vor, die Additive in der Anfangszone eines Extruders dem plastifizierten Material zuzuführen oder das Additiv mittels einer Mischschnecke in einem Trichter mit dem Kunststoffmateriai zu vermengen. Es ist auch bekannt, Glasfasern, welche ein besonders heikles Additiv darstellen, in einer Entspannungszone eines Extruders in das plastifizierte Kunststoffmateriai einzubringen und mittels einer Schnecke mit diesem Material zu vermengen.The previously usual procedures for the introduction of additives into plasticized thermoplastic material provided that the additives were added to the plasticized material in the starting zone of an extruder or that the additive was mixed with the plastic material in a funnel using a mixing screw. It is also known to introduce glass fibers, which are a particularly delicate additive, into the relaxation zone of an extruder into the plasticized plastic material and to mix them with this material by means of a screw.
Es hat sich gezeigt, daß, insbesondere gegen Scherung und Knetung, empfindliche Additive bei diesen bekannten Vorgangsweisen erheblich leiden. Dies gilt insbesondere für Glasfasern, welche einer starken Bruchgefahr unterliegen. Je mehr die Glasfasern bei ihrer Einbringung in das Kunststoffmateriai gebrochen werden, desto stärker wird der Elastizitätsmodul des glasfaserverstärkten Kunststoffmateriales herabgesetzt. Untersuchungen haben z.B. gezeigt, daß Glasfasern, deren Länge vor der Einbringung in das Kunststoffmateriai 4 bis 5 mm betrug, in ihrer Länge bei den bekannten Vorgangsweisen auf etwa V10 bis V15 reduziert wurden. Weiters hat es sich gezeigt, daß die Benetzung zahlreicher Additive, insbesondere von Glasfasern, durch das plastifizierte Material unbefriedigend war, sodaß die Ummantelung der Additive, insbesondere bei Glasfasern, durch den Kunststoff nicht einwandfrei gegeben war.It has been shown that sensitive additives, especially against shear and kneading, suffer considerably in these known processes. This applies in particular to glass fibers, which are subject to a high risk of breakage. The more the glass fibers are broken when they are introduced into the plastic material, the more the elastic modulus of the glass fiber reinforced plastic material is reduced. Studies have shown, for example, that glass fibers, the length of which was 4 to 5 mm before being introduced into the plastic material, were reduced in length in the known procedures to approximately V 10 to V 15 . Furthermore, it has been shown that the wetting of numerous additives, in particular glass fibers, by the plasticized material was unsatisfactory, so that the coating of the additives, in particular in the case of glass fibers, by the plastic was not given properly.
Die Erfindung setzt sich zur Aufgabe, diese Nachteile zumindest zu verringern, wenn nicht zu vermeiden und eine Vorrichtung der eingangs geschilderten Art so zu verbessern, daß die in das Kunststoffmateriai eingebrachten Additive, insbesondere solche, die gegen Scherung bzw. Knetung empfindlich sind, z.B. Glasfasern, weniger oder nicht geschädigt hingegen durch das Kunststoffmateriai besser ummantelt werden. Die Erfindung löst diese Aufgabe dadurch, daß zwischen der Plastifizierzone und der Entspannungszone ein mit der Plastifizierschnecke mitdrehender und das Kunststoffmateriai scherender Staukörper in einer Stauzone vorhanden ist, der den Strom des über ihn strömenden plastifizierten Kunststoffmateriales begrenzt und daß, gesehen in Transportrichtung des Kunststoffmateriales, vor diesem Staukörper zumindest einThe object of the invention is to at least reduce, if not to avoid, these disadvantages and to improve a device of the type described at the outset so that the additives introduced into the plastic material, in particular those which are sensitive to shear or kneading, for example glass fibers , less or not damaged, however, can be encased better by the plastic material. The invention solves this problem in that between the plasticizing zone and the relaxation zone there is a bluff body rotating with the plasticizing screw and shearing the plastic material in a stagnation zone which holds the current the plasticized plastic material flowing over it limits and that, seen in the direction of transport of the plastic material, at least one in front of this bluff body
Kanal für plastifiziertes Kunststoffmateriai abzweigt, der den Staukörper umgeht und nach der Mündungsstelle der Leitung für das Additiv in den Schneckenabschnitt der Entspannungszone oder in einen dahinterliegenden Gehäuseabschnitt mündet. Auf dieseBranch for plasticized plastic material branches off, which bypasses the bluff body and after the opening point of the line for the additive opens into the screw section of the relaxation zone or into a housing section located behind it. To this
Weise wird der Gesamtdurchsatz der Plastifizierschnecke aufgeteilt. Ein Teil wird über den Staukörper geführt und durch die durch ihn hervorgerufene Scherung und erforderlichenfalls eine externe Zusatzheizung, z.B. Widerstandsheizkörper um dasThe total throughput of the plasticizing screw is divided in this way. A part is passed over the bluff body and through the shear caused by it and, if necessary, an external additional heating, e.g. Resistance heater around that
Gehäuse, auf eine höhere Temperatur gebracht als das von der Plastifizierschnecke angelieferte Material. In diesen auf eine höhere Temperatur gebrachte und daher entsprechend niedrigviskosen Materialteil werden das Additiv oder die Additive eingebracht, was eine bessere Benetzung der Additive, insbesondere der Fasern, z.B. Glasfasern, und eine raschere Durchtränkung des Fasermatehales zur Folge hat. Mit dieser Vormischung wird dann der Restteil des Gesamtdurchsatzes der Plastifizierschnecke wieder zusammengeführt und vermischt. Durch die erwähnte Vorbehandlung ist diese Einmischung des hochviskosen Schmelzeteiles mit dem additivhaltigen Vorgemisch einfacher. Die thermische Schädigung des Kunststoffmateriales, welches durch den Einfluß des Staukörpers bzw. die Zusatzheizung hervorgerufen wird, ist in solchen Grenzen zu halten, daß der Vorteil der Schonung der Additive, insbesondere der besseren Benetzung und Faserlängeerhaltung und der damit verbundene Festigkeitsgewinn des faserverstärkten Kunststoffmateriales überwiegt.Housing brought to a higher temperature than the material supplied by the plasticizing screw. The additive or additives are introduced into this part of the material brought to a higher temperature and therefore correspondingly low-viscosity, which results in better wetting of the additives, in particular the fibers, e.g. Glass fibers, and a quicker impregnation of the fiber material results. With this premixing, the remaining part of the total throughput of the plasticizing screw is then brought together again and mixed. This pretreatment makes it easier to mix the highly viscous melt part with the additive-containing premix. The thermal damage to the plastic material, which is caused by the influence of the bluff body or the additional heating, must be kept within such limits that the advantage of protecting the additives, in particular better wetting and fiber length maintenance, and the associated strength gain of the fiber-reinforced plastic material outweighs.
Es ist bekannt (US 5 190 706 A), bei einer Vorrichtung zur Extrusion thermoplastischen Schaummaterials den Strom des geschmolzenen Kunststoffmateriales auf zwei Wege aufzuteilen, wobei hinter der Abzweigungsstelle des zweiten Weges (gesehen in Strömungsrichtung des Materiales) ein Schieberventil angeordnet ist, das von zwei gegeneinander verschiebbaren Lochplatten gebildet ist, durch welche der Kunststoffstrom im ersten Strömungsweg verändert werden kann. Hinter diesem Ventil, gesehen in Strömungsrichtung, werden Zusätze in das Kunststoffmateriai eingebracht, mit diesem vermischt und schließlich mit dem über den zweiten Weg geführten Materialanteil wieder vereinigt. Für die Einbringung empfindlicher Additive ist eine solche Vorrichtung nicht geeignet.It is known (US Pat. No. 5,190,706) to divide the flow of the molten plastic material into two ways in an apparatus for extruding thermoplastic foam material, a slide valve being arranged behind the branching point of the second way (as seen in the direction of flow of the material), which is operated by two perforated plates which are displaceable relative to one another and through which the plastic flow in the first flow path can be changed. Behind this valve, as seen in the direction of flow, additives are introduced into the plastic material, mixed with it and finally combined again with the proportion of material carried through the second path. Such a device is not suitable for the introduction of sensitive additives.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist der Staukörper eine Stauschnecke, deren Gangtiefe und/oder Gangsteigung geringer ist als jene der Plastifizierschnecke. Diese Stauschnecke bringt auf einfache Weise durch ihre flache Geometrie das Kunststoffmateriai auf die gewünschte höhere Temperatur, die höher liegt als jene des über den Umgehungskanal geführten Kunststoffmateriales. Zweckmäßig hat hiebei erfindungsgemäß die Stauschnecke dieselbe Richtung ihrer Gänge wie die Plastifizierschnecke, hat also kein Rückfördergewinde. Dadurch wird das von dieser Stauschnecke einer hohen Scherung unterworfene Kunststoffmateriai in Richtung zur Entspannungszone gefördert, sodaß der Scherungseinfluß nur kurzzeitig ist und dadurchAccording to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the bluff body is a damming screw, the flight depth and / or pitch of which is less than that of the plasticizing screw. Thanks to its flat geometry, this pusher screw simply brings the plastic material to the desired higher temperature, which is higher than that of the plastic material that is led through the bypass channel. According to the invention, the pusher screw expediently has the same direction of its course as the plasticizing screw, and thus has no return thread. As a result, the plastic material subjected to high shear by this pusher screw is directed towards Relaxation zone promoted so that the shear influence is only brief and therefore
Schädigungen des Kunststoffmateriales in akzeptablen Grenzen gehalten werden.Damage to the plastic material can be kept within acceptable limits.
Gemäß einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist die Gangtiefe zumindest eines Teiles des Schneckenabschnittes der Entspannungszone größer als die Gangtiefe der Plastifizierschnecke, um der das Additiv enthaltenden niedrigviskosen Mischung ausreichend Gelegenheit zu geben, sich mit dem über die, Bypässe bildenden, Kanäle zugeführten hochviskosen Kunststoff masse innig zu vermengen.According to a development of the invention, the flight depth of at least a part of the screw section of the relaxation zone is greater than the flight depth of the plasticizing screw in order to give the additive-containing low-viscosity mixture sufficient opportunity to intimately mix with the high-viscosity plastic supplied via the bypass-forming channels mix.
Im Rahmen der Erfindung ist es sinnvoll, im Bereich der Einmündung der Leitung für das Additiv einen im Vergleich zur nachfolgenden Entspannungszone mehrgängigen Schneckenabschnitt anzuordnen, um eine bessere Ausgangsverteilung der Additivstoffe zu erzielen. Ferner ist es im Rahmen der Erfindung zweckmäßig, auf die Entspannungszone einen Schneckenabschnitt folgen zu lassen, dessen Gangtiefe geringer ist als jene in der Entspannungszone. Auf diese Weise wird die Vermischung der beiden Teilströme wieder in ähnlicher Weise, wie dies in einem Extruder der Fall ist, einer höheren Scherung unterworfen, welche jedoch geringer ist als jene, welche durch den Staukörper hervorgerufen wird, dennoch aber das aus der Vorrichtung austretende Materialgemisch, welches mit den Additiven versehen ist, genügend plastifiziert, sodass der Widerstand des nachgeschalteten Werkzeuges überwunden wird.In the context of the invention, it is expedient to arrange a screw section in the region of the mouth of the line for the additive in comparison to the subsequent relaxation zone in order to achieve a better initial distribution of the additive substances. Furthermore, it is expedient within the scope of the invention to have a screw section follow the relaxation zone, the flight depth of which is less than that in the relaxation zone. In this way, the mixing of the two partial streams is again subjected to a higher shear in a manner similar to that in an extruder, which is, however, less than that which is caused by the bluff body, but nevertheless the material mixture emerging from the device , which is provided with the additives, sufficiently plasticized so that the resistance of the downstream tool is overcome.
Aus wirtschaftlichen Gründen empfiehlt und aus Gründen einer übersichtlichen Bauweise ist es zweckmäßig, die Plastifizierschnecke, den Staukörper, den Schneckenabschnitt der Entspannungszone und vorzugsweise auch den auf die Entspannungszone folgenden Schneckenabschnitt koaxial anzuordnen und mit einem gemeinsamen Antrieb zu versehen. Hiebei ist gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform die Anordnung so getroffen, daß die zuvor erwähnten Bauteile ein gemeinsames Gehäuse haben, das einen konstanten Innendurchmesser hat.For economic reasons and for reasons of a clear construction, it is advisable to arrange the plasticizing screw, the bluff body, the screw section of the expansion zone and preferably also the screw section following the expansion zone coaxially and to provide it with a common drive. Here, according to a preferred embodiment, the arrangement is such that the aforementioned components have a common housing that has a constant inner diameter.
Für die Zuführung der Additive empfiehlt sich im Rahmen der Erfindung ein in der das Additiv zuführenden Leitung vorgesehenes Stopf- und Dosierelement, z.B. eine Schnecke, insbesondere eine gleichlaufende Doppelschnecke, welche das Additiv in die Entspannungszone eindrückt, um eine verläßliche Zuführung des Additives zu erzielen. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Einbringung zumindest eines empfindlichen, insbesondere gegen Scherung bzw. Knetung empfindlichen Additives in thermoplastisches Kunststoffmateriai, bei welchem das Kunststoffmateriai in den plastifizierten Zustand übergeführt und danach entspannen gelassen wird, wobei das Additiv in das sich entspannende Kunststoffmateriai eingebracht und damit vermischt wird, ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das plastifizierte Kunststoffmateriai auf zwei Wege aufgeteilt wird, wobei auf dem ersten Weg das Kunststoffmateriai durch Einwirkung einer, vorzugsweise kurzzeitigen, Scherung auf eine höhere Temperatur als bei seiner bisherigen Plastifizierung gebracht wird und in dieses stärker erwärmte Kunststoffmateriai das Additiv eingebracht wird, und daß das auf dem zweiten Weg geführte, plastifizierte Kunststoffmateriai mit dem das Additiv enthaltenden Kunststoffmaterialteil nach derFor the supply of the additives, it is recommended within the scope of the invention to use a stuffing and metering element provided in the line supplying the additive, for example a screw, in particular a co-rotating twin screw, which presses the additive into the relaxation zone in order to achieve a reliable supply of the additive. The method according to the invention for introducing at least one sensitive additive, in particular one sensitive to shear or kneading, into thermoplastic plastic material, in which the plastic material is converted into the plasticized state and then allowed to relax, the additive being introduced into the relaxing plastic material and mixed with it, is characterized in that the plasticized plastic material is divided into two ways, whereby the plastic material is brought to a higher temperature than in its previous plastication by the action of a, preferably brief, shear and the additive is introduced into this more heated plastic material , and that the plasticized Plastic material with the plastic material part containing the additive after the
Einbringung des Additivs vereint und gemischt wird. Während sich für den ersten Weg ein einziger, über den Staukörper geführter Gehäuseabschnitt empfiehlt, kann der zweite Weg von einem oder mehreren Kanälen gebildet sein, über welche das höherviskose Kunststoffmateriai geführt ist.Introduction of the additive is combined and mixed. While a single housing section guided over the bluff body is recommended for the first route, the second route can be formed by one or more channels through which the higher-viscosity plastic material is guided.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführung dieses Verfahrens ist die Menge des auf dem ersten Weg geführten Kunststoffmateriales geringer als die Menge des auf dem zweiten Weg geführten Kunststoffmateriales. Dadurch bleibt der Einfluß der thermischen Schädigung des Kunststoffmateriales gering. Im Sinne der Erfindung ist es zweckmäßig, die höhere Temperatur des auf dem ersten Weg geführten Kunststoffmateriales zusätzlich zur Einwirkung einer starken Scherung und erforderlichenfalls durch Erwärmung von außen zu erzielen.According to a preferred embodiment of this method, the amount of plastic material carried in the first way is less than the amount of plastic material carried in the second way. As a result, the influence of the thermal damage to the plastic material remains low. In the sense of the invention, it is expedient to achieve the higher temperature of the plastic material guided in the first way in addition to the action of strong shear and, if necessary, by heating from the outside.
In der Zeichnung sind Ausführungsbeispiele der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung schematisch dargestellt. Fig. 1 zeigt ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung imExemplary embodiments of the device according to the invention are shown schematically in the drawing. Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of the device according to the invention in
Horizontalschnitt. Fig. 2 zeigt in einem Schnitt ähnlich Fig. 1 eine Ausführungsvariante. Fig. 3 zeigt im Vertikalschnitt eine weitere Ausführungsvariante für ein Detail.Horizontal section. Fig. 2 shows in a section similar to Fig. 1 an embodiment. 3 shows a further embodiment variant for a detail in vertical section.
Bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 1 wird das zu verarbeitende thermoplastische Kunststoffgut, z.B. in Form von Säcken, Folienresten, Flaschen usw. über ein Förderband 1 von oben in einen Zerreißer 2 eingefüllt. Der Zerreißer 2 hat einen topfförmigen Aufnahmebehälter 3, in dessen Bodenbereich Werkzeuge 4 um die vertikale Behälterachse umlaufen. Diese Werkzeuge 4 zerkleinern und/oder mischen und/oder erwärmen das eingebrachte Kunststoffgut und drücken es in eine in der Seitenwand des Aufnahmebehälters 3 angeordnete Öffnung 5. Diese Eindrückung des aufbereiteten Kunststoffmateriales in die Öffnung 5 wird einerseits durch auf das Material aufgebrachte Fliehkraftwirkung hervorgerufen, sie wird aber auch dadurch unterstützt, daß die Arbeitskanten der, insbesondere von Messern gebildeten, Werkzeuge 4 entgegen der Umlaufrichtung (Pfeile 6) zurückversetzt sind, sodaß sich eine spachtelartige Eindrückung des Kunststoffmateriales in die Öffnung 5 ergibt. Die Öffnung 5 bildet zugleich die Einzugsöffnung einer Plastifizierzone 48, in welcher eine Plastifizierschnecke 8 in einem Gehäuse 7 drehbar gelagert ist. Der Kern 9 dieser Schnecke wird über eine Welle 10 von einem Antrieb 11 , insbesondere einem Motor mit Getriebe, angetrieben. Das in die Plastifizierzone 48 eingebrachte Kunststoffmateriai wird in Richtung des Pfeiles 12 durch die Schnecke 8 mitgenommen und allmählich in einen plastifizierten Zustand übergeführt. Dies wird dadurch begünstigt, daß sich der Kerndurchmesser der Schnecke 8 in Transportrichtung vergrößert, sodaß der auf das Kunststoffmateriai ausgeübte Druck bzw. die ausgeübte Scherung allmählich zunehmen. Das so in einen hochviskosen Zustand übergeführte plastifizierte Material wird an der Stelle 13 in zwei Teile unterteilt. Der erste, volumenmäßig kleinere Teil strömt über einen als Schnecke ausgebildeten Staukörper 14, der in einer Gehäusezone 15 drehbar gelagert und mit derIn the embodiment according to FIG. 1, the thermoplastic material to be processed, for example in the form of sacks, film remnants, bottles, etc., is filled into a shredder 2 from above via a conveyor belt 1. The ripper 2 has a pot-shaped receptacle 3, in the bottom area of which tools 4 rotate around the vertical axis of the container. These tools 4 shred and / or mix and / or heat the introduced plastic material and press it into an opening 5 arranged in the side wall of the receptacle 3. This impression of the processed plastic material in the opening 5 is caused on the one hand by centrifugal force applied to the material, it is also supported by the fact that the working edges of the tools 4, in particular those formed by knives, are set back against the direction of rotation (arrows 6), so that there is a spatula-like impression of the plastic material in the opening 5. The opening 5 also forms the feed opening of a plasticizing zone 48, in which a plasticizing screw 8 is rotatably mounted in a housing 7. The core 9 of this screw is driven by a drive 11, in particular a motor with a gear, via a shaft 10. The plastic material introduced into the plasticizing zone 48 is carried along in the direction of arrow 12 by the screw 8 and gradually brought into a plasticized state. This is favored by the fact that the core diameter of the screw 8 increases in the direction of transport, so that the pressure or shear force exerted on the plastic material gradually increases. The plasticized material thus converted into a highly viscous state is divided into two parts at point 13. The first, smaller volume, flows over a screw Bluff body 14 which is rotatably mounted in a housing zone 15 and with the
Plastifizierschnecke 8 drehschlüssig verbunden ist. Der andere, größere Teile des von der Plastifizierschnecke 8 angelieferten plastifizierten Materiales gelangt in zwei an diePlasticizing screw 8 is rotationally connected. The other, larger part of the plasticized material supplied by the plasticizing screw 8 reaches the two in
Gehäusezone 7 angeschlossene Kanäle 16, in denen das plastifizierte Material somit in Richtung der Pfeile 17 strömt. Die Kanäle 16 umgehen den Staukörper 14 und führen erst nach diesem (gesehen in Transportrichtung des Kunststoffmateriales) dasHousing zone 7 connected channels 16, in which the plasticized material thus flows in the direction of arrows 17. The channels 16 bypass the bluff body 14 and only after that (seen in the transport direction of the plastic material)
Kunststoffmateriai wieder mit dem über den Staukörper 14 geführten Materialteil an derPlastic material again with the material part guided over the bluff body 14 on the
Stelle 18 zusammen. An dieser Stelle sind die Kanäle 16 an eine Gehäusezone 19 angeschlossen, in welcher eine mit dem Staukörper 14 drehschlüssig verbundene Schnecke 20 drehbar gelagert ist, deren Kern 21 sich in Transportrichtung (Pfeil 22) des Kunststoffmateriales allmählich verringert, sodaß die Gehäusezone 19 eine Entspannungszone 49 für das Kunststoffmateriai bildet.Compile 18. At this point, the channels 16 are connected to a housing zone 19, in which a worm 20, which is connected to the bluff body 14 in a rotationally locking manner, is rotatably mounted, the core 21 of which gradually decreases in the transport direction (arrow 22) of the plastic material, so that the housing zone 19 has a relaxation zone 49 for the plastic material.
Wie aus Fig. 1 ersichtlich, hat die den Staukörper 14 bildende Schnecke eine Gangsteigung, die geringer ist als jene der Plastifizierschnecke 8. Alternativ oder zusätzlich hiezu kann die Gangtiefe der den Staukörper 14 bildenden Schnecke geringer sein als die geringste Gangtiefe der Plastifizierschnecke 8. Dadurch wird einerseits gewährleistet, daß nur ein gewünschter Bruchteil des Gesamtdurchsatzes der Plastifizierschnecke 8 den Staukörper 14 passieren kann. Anderseits bewirkt die beschriebene flache Geometrie der den Staukörper 14 bildenden Schnecke, daß das Kunststoffmateriai in der Gehäusezone 15 auf eine gewünschte höhere Temperatur gebracht wird, als dieses Material in den übrigen Zonen der Vorrichtung hat. Diese höhere Temperatur wird durch die hohe Scherung und erforderlichenfalls durch eine Zusatzheizung 51 , z.B. mit Widerstandsheizkörpern, erreicht, der dieses Material in der Gehäusezone 15 unterworfen ist. Die Steigungsrichtung der Gänge der Stauschnecke 14 ist jedoch so gerichtet, wie die Steigungsrichtung der Plastifizierschnecke 8, sodaß also auch die Stauschnecke 14 das Material in Richtung des Pfeiles 22 transportiert. Damit wird gewährleistet, daß der Volumenstrom in der Stauzone 50 konstant gehalten wird. Die thermische Schädigung des Kunststoffmateriales, welche durch die erhöhte Temperatur in der Gehäusezone 15 auftritt, bleibt daher gering und kann bei sinnvollem Betrieb in vorbestimmten Grenzen gehalten werden.As can be seen from FIG. 1, the screw forming the bluff body 14 has a pitch that is less than that of the plasticizing screw 8. As an alternative or in addition to this, the flight depth of the screw forming the bluff body 14 can be less than the lowest flight depth of the plasticizing screw 8. As a result it is ensured on the one hand that only a desired fraction of the total throughput of the plasticizing screw 8 can pass through the bluff body 14. On the other hand, the described flat geometry of the screw forming the bluff body 14 causes the plastic material in the housing zone 15 to be brought to a desired higher temperature than this material has in the other zones of the device. This higher temperature is caused by the high shear and if necessary by an additional heater 51, e.g. achieved with resistance heaters, which is subjected to this material in the housing zone 15. However, the direction of incline of the flights of the accumulation screw 14 is oriented in the same way as the direction of increase of the plasticizing screw 8, so that the accumulation screw 14 also transports the material in the direction of the arrow 22. This ensures that the volume flow in the storage zone 50 is kept constant. The thermal damage to the plastic material, which occurs due to the elevated temperature in the housing zone 15, therefore remains low and can be kept within predetermined limits if the operation is sensible.
Das von der Stauschnecke 14 und gegebenenfalls der Zusatzheizung 51 auf die höhere Temperatur gebrachte Kunststoffmateriai ist somit flüssiger bzw. niedrigviskoser als das von der Plastifizierschnecke 8 angelieferte Material. Dieses niedrigviskose Material gelangt aus der Gehäusezone 15 in die Entspannungszone 49 und wird dort mit dem Additiv bzw. den Additiven zusammengeführt, welche über eine Leitung 24 in die Entspannungszone 49 eingebracht werden. Die Leitung 24 ist seitlich an die Gehäusezone 19 der Entspannungszone 49 angeschlossen und bildet ein Gehäuse, in welchem ein Stopf- und Dosierelement, insbesondere eine gleichlaufende Doppelschnecke 23 (zwei parallel zueinander angeordnete Schnecken, die in gleicher Richtung angetrieben sind) vorgesehen ist. Der Antrieb dieses Stopf- undThe plastic material brought to a higher temperature by the pusher screw 14 and possibly the additional heater 51 is thus more liquid or less viscous than the material supplied by the plasticizing screw 8. This low-viscosity material passes from the housing zone 15 into the relaxation zone 49 and is combined there with the additive or additives which are introduced into the relaxation zone 49 via a line 24. The line 24 is connected laterally to the housing zone 19 of the relaxation zone 49 and forms a housing in which a stuffing and dosing element, in particular a double screw 23 running in parallel (two screws arranged parallel to one another, which are in the same position) Direction are driven) is provided. The drive of this darning and
Dosierelementes erfolgt durch einen Motor 25 mit Getriebe 26. Durch eine Drehzahlregelung läßt sich eine Dosierung der einzubringenden Additive erreichen. Das von der Doppelschnecke 23 einzubringende Additivmaterial wird von einer Zufuhreinrichtung 27, z.B. einem Trichter, in die Leitung 24 eingebracht. Die Doppelschnecke 23 transportiert dieses Material in Richtung des Pfeiles 28 und drückt bzw. stopft es an der Mündungsstelle 29 der Leitung 24 in die Gehäusezone 19 ein. Diese Mündungsstelle 29 liegt, wie Fig. 1 zeigt, in Richtung des Pfeiles 22 (Transportrichtung des Kunststoffmateriales) gesehen, vor der Stelle 18, an welcher der über die, Bypässe bildenden, Kanäle 16 geführte, abgezweigte Materialstrom wieder zurückgeführt wird. An dieser Eindrückstelle 29 bildet die Schnecke 20 mit ihrem sich dort verringernden Kern 21 bereits eine Entspannungszone, was die innige Vermischung des zugeführten Additives mit dem aus der Gehäusezone 15 kommenden, niedrigviskosen Kunststoffmateriai begünstigt. Dieses verflüssigte Material benetzt die eingebrachten Additive innig bzw. es ergibt sich eine rasche Durchtränkung von Fasermaterial. Die Ausgangsverteilung der Zuschlagstoffe bildenden Additive kann dadurch verbessert werden, daß im Bereich der Eindrückstelle 29 die Schnecke 20 der Entspannungszone 49 mehrgängig ist. Dieser mehrgängige Abschnitt der Schnecke 20 reicht bis etwa zur Stelle 18, an welcher die Umgehungskanäle 16 in die Gehäusezone 19 münden. Von dort weg hat die Schnecke 20 der Entspannungszone 49 etwa dieselbe Gangsteigung wie die Plastifizierschnecke 8, hat jedoch zur Entspannung des von Ihr geführten Kunststoffmateriales einen verringerten Durchmesser des Kernes 21. In dem der Stelle 18 in Richtung des Pfeiles 22 folgenden Gehäuseabschnitt hat daher die niedrigviskose Kunststoff menge, welcher die Additive (Verstärkungsfasern und/oder Füllstoffe) beigemischt sind, ausreichend Zeit und Raum, sich mit dem von den Bypass-Kanälen 16 zugeführten hochviskosen Kunststoffstrom zu vermischen. Die erwähnte Vorbehandlung erleichtert die Mischung des von den Kanälen 16 geführten Hauptstromes (hochviskose Schmelze) mit dem additivhaltigen Vorgemisch.Dosing element is carried out by a motor 25 with a gearbox 26. Dosing of the additives to be introduced can be achieved by means of a speed control. The additive material to be introduced by the twin screw 23 is fed by a feed device 27, e.g. a funnel, introduced into line 24. The twin screw 23 transports this material in the direction of the arrow 28 and presses or stuffs it into the housing zone 19 at the mouth 29 of the line 24. 1, seen in the direction of arrow 22 (transport direction of the plastic material), in front of the point 18, at which the branched-off material flow guided over the bypass-forming channels 16 is returned. At this indentation point 29, the screw 20 with its core 21, which decreases there, already forms a relaxation zone, which favors the intimate mixing of the additive with the low-viscosity plastic material coming from the housing zone 15. This liquefied material wets the introduced additives intimately or there is a rapid impregnation of fiber material. The initial distribution of the additives forming additives can be improved in that the screw 20 of the relaxation zone 49 has multiple threads in the region of the indentation point 29. This multi-start section of the screw 20 extends approximately to the point 18, at which the bypass channels 16 open into the housing zone 19. From there, the screw 20 of the relaxation zone 49 has approximately the same pitch as the plasticizing screw 8, but has a reduced diameter of the core 21 for relaxing the plastic material it guides. In the housing section following the point 18 in the direction of the arrow 22, therefore, has the low-viscosity Amount of plastic to which the additives (reinforcing fibers and / or fillers) are mixed, sufficient time and space to mix with the highly viscous plastic stream supplied by the bypass channels 16. The pretreatment mentioned facilitates the mixing of the main stream (highly viscous melt) carried by the channels 16 with the additive-containing premix.
Es ist zweckmäßig, in der von der Gehäusezone 19 gebildeten Entspannungszone 49 Entlüftungsöffnungen 30 anzubringen, durch welche eine Entgasung des in der Gehäusezone 19 strömenden Materiales erreicht werden kann.It is expedient to provide ventilation openings 30 in the expansion zone 49 formed by the housing zone 19, through which venting of the material flowing in the housing zone 19 can be achieved.
Im Anschluß an die Gehäusezone 19 gelangt das die Additive enthaltende Kunststoffmateriai in eine weitere Gehäusezone 31 , in welcher ein Schneckenabschnitt 32 gelagert ist, dessen Kerndurchmesser sich wieder auf einen Wert vergrößert, welcher kleiner ist als der größte Kerndurchmesser der Plastifizierschnecke 8. Auf diese Weise wird das Kunststoffmateriai in der Gehäusezone 31 wieder unter höheren Druck gesetzt und schließlich durch eine Austragsöffnung 33 in Richtung des Pfeiles 34 ausgestoßen. An diese Öffnung 33 kann eine beliebige Einrichtung zur Weiterverarbeitung des die Additive enthaltenden Kunststoffmateriales angeschlossen sein, z.B. eine Granuliervorrichtung oder eine Vorrichtung zur Einbringung des Kunststoffmateriales inFollowing the housing zone 19, the plastic material containing the additives reaches a further housing zone 31, in which a screw section 32 is mounted, the core diameter of which increases again to a value which is smaller than the largest core diameter of the plasticizing screw 8. In this way the plastic material in the housing zone 31 is again put under higher pressure and finally ejected through a discharge opening 33 in the direction of the arrow 34. Any device for further processing of the plastic material containing the additives can be connected to this opening 33, for example one Granulating device or a device for introducing the plastic material into
Formen usw.Shapes etc.
Der Staukörper 14 muß nicht von einer Stauschnecke gebildet sein.The bluff body 14 does not have to be formed by a damming screw.
Beispielsweise ist es möglich, den Staukörper 14 von einer oder mehreren Stauscheiben zu bilden. Im Falle einer Stauschnecke muß diese nicht einteilig sein, es ist z.B. möglich, den Staukörper 14 durch mehrere hintereinandergeschaltete Schneckenabschnitte zu bilden, deren Ganggeometrien untereinander unterschiedlich sein können.For example, it is possible to form the bluff body 14 from one or more baffle plates. In the case of a pusher screw, this does not have to be in one piece, e.g. possible to form the bluff body 14 by a plurality of screw sections connected in series, the course geometries of which may differ from one another.
Wie sich aus Fig. 1 ergibt, haben die Gehäusezonen 7, 15, 19 und 31 durchwegs gleichen Außen- und Innendurchmesser. Dies erleichtert die Herstellung des Gesamtgehäuses wesentlich. Da auch die Schnecken 8, 14, 20 und 32 alle miteinander drehschlüssig verbunden sind, ist nur ein einziger Antrieb 11 erforderlich. Zwecks leichterer Herstellung empfiehlt es sich jedoch, die einzelnen Schneckenabschnitte getrennt herzustellen und untereinander drehschlüssig in bekannter Weise zu verbinden.1, the housing zones 7, 15, 19 and 31 have the same outside and inside diameters throughout. This significantly simplifies the manufacture of the entire housing. Since the screws 8, 14, 20 and 32 are all connected to one another in a rotationally locking manner, only a single drive 11 is required. For easier production, however, it is advisable to manufacture the individual screw sections separately and to connect them to one another in a known manner in a rotationally locking manner.
Die Ausführungsform nach Fig. 2 unterscheidet sich von jener nach Fig. 1 dadurch, daß das von der Plastifizierschnecke 8 plastifizierte Kunststoffmateriai einer Filterung unterworfen wird, bevor es entgast und dann dem Staukörper 14 bzw. den Bypass-Kanälen 16 zugeführt wird. Hiezu ist an die Plastifizierschnecke 8 eine Dichtschnecke 35 drehschlüssig angeschlossen, deren Schneckengänge eine zur Plastifizierschnecke 8 entgegengesetzte Steigungsrichtung haben und somit ein Rückfördergewinde bilden. Dadurch wird das von der Plastifizierschnecke 8 in Richtung des Pfeiles 12 angelieferte Material gezwungen, in einen Kanal 36 in Richtung des Pfeiles 37 einzuströmen, welcher Kanal 36 zu einer Filtereinrichtung 38 führt, aus welcher das gefilterte Material über einen Kanal 39 in Richtung des Pfeiles 40 wieder in einen zusätzlichen Gehäuseabschnitt 41 zurückströmt. Die Filtereinrichtung 38 ist zweckmäßig als Tandemfilter ausgebildet, wobei zwei Filter einander parallel geschaltet sind und im Normalbetrieb zugleich vom zu reinigenden Kunststoffmateriai angeströmt werden. Sobald sich eine Verschmutzung zeigt, kann der Materialzustrom zu einem Filter abgesperrt und dieses Filter in eine Reinigungsstellung gebracht bzw. rückgespült werden, während das andere Filter normal weiterarbeitet. Im Gehäuseabschnitt 41 ist durch einen verringerten Durchmesser des Kernes 42 der in ihm gelagerten Schnecke 43 eine weitere Entspannungszone 52 gebildet, welche zugleich als Entgasungszone ausgebildet ist, sodaß also die Entlüftungsöffnungen 30 hier angeordnet sind. Falls gewünscht, können jedoch Entgasungsöffnungen auch im dem Staukörper 14 folgenden Gehäuseabschnitt 19 vorgesehen sein. An die die Entspannungszone bildende Schnecke 43 schließt sich jedoch wieder ein Schneckenabschnitt 44 an, der im Vergleich zur Schnecke 43 der Entspannungszone 52 einen vergrößerten Kerndurchmesser aufweist, um den nötigen Massedruck zur Überwindung der Kanäle 16 zu gewährleisten. Wie Fig. 3 zeigt, kann bei der Verarbeitung von rieselfähigem Kunststoffmateriai auch ein Trichter 45 für die Zufuhr dieses Materiales in Richtung des Pfeiles 46 von oben in die Öffnung 5 der Gehäusezone 7 vorgesehen sein. Dies kann dadurch unterstützt werden, daß im Trichter 45 eine Eindrückschnecke oder ein anderes Eindrückwerkzeug vorhanden ist. The embodiment according to FIG. 2 differs from that according to FIG. 1 in that the plastic material plasticized by the plasticizing screw 8 is subjected to filtering before it is degassed and then fed to the bluff body 14 or the bypass channels 16. For this purpose, a sealing screw 35 is connected to the plasticizing screw 8 in a rotationally locking manner, the screw flights of which have a direction of inclination opposite to the plasticizing screw 8 and thus form a return thread. As a result, the material supplied by the plasticizing screw 8 in the direction of arrow 12 is forced to flow into a channel 36 in the direction of arrow 37, which channel 36 leads to a filter device 38, from which the filtered material is channeled in the direction of arrow 40 flows back into an additional housing section 41. The filter device 38 is expediently designed as a tandem filter, with two filters being connected in parallel and, in normal operation, the plastic material to be cleaned flows against them at the same time. As soon as contamination appears, the material flow to one filter can be shut off and this filter can be put into a cleaning position or backwashed while the other filter continues to work normally. In the housing section 41, a further relaxation zone 52 is formed by a reduced diameter of the core 42 of the screw 43 mounted in it, which is also designed as a degassing zone, so that the ventilation openings 30 are arranged here. If desired, however, degassing openings can also be provided in the housing section 19 following the bluff body 14. However, the screw 43 forming the relaxation zone is followed by a screw section 44 which, compared to the screw 43 of the relaxation zone 52, has an enlarged core diameter in order to ensure the necessary mass pressure to overcome the channels 16. As FIG. 3 shows, when processing free-flowing plastic material, a funnel 45 can also be provided for the supply of this material in the direction of arrow 46 from above into the opening 5 of the housing zone 7. This can be supported by the fact that an insertion screw or another insertion tool is present in the hopper 45.

Claims

P a t e n t a n s p r ü c h e : Patent claims:
1. Vorrichtung zur Einbringung von empfindlichen, insbesondere gegen Scherung bzw. Knetung empfindlichen, Additiven in thermoplastisches Kunststoffmateriai, mit einer Plastifizierzone (48), in welcher eine in einem Gehäuse (7) gelagerte Plastifizierschnecke (8) zur Überführung des Kunststoffmateriales in den plastifizierten Zustand vorhanden ist, welche Plastifizierschnecke (8) das plastifizierte Kunststoffmateriai zu einem Schneckenabschnitt (20) einer Entspannungszone (49) fördert, in welcher zumindest ein Additiv dem plastifizierten Kunststoffmateriai über zumindest eine Leitung (24) zugeführt und mit dem plastifizierten Kunststoffmateriai mittels einer Schnecke (20) vermischt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen der Plastifizierzone (48) und der Entspannungszone (49) ein mit der Plastifizierschnecke (8) mitdrehender und das Kunststoffmateriai scherender Staukörper (14) in einer Stauzone (50) vorhanden ist, der den Strom des über ihn strömenden plastifizierten Kunststoffmateriales begrenzt, und daß, gesehen in Transportrichtung des Kunststoffmateriales, vor diesem Staukörper (14) zumindest ein Kanal (16) für plastifiziertes Kunststoffmateriai abzweigt, der den Staukörper (14) umgeht und nach der Mündungsstelle (29) der Leitung (24) für das Additiv in den Schneckenabschnitt1. Device for introducing sensitive additives, in particular those sensitive to shear or kneading, in thermoplastic material, with a plasticizing zone (48) in which a plasticizing screw (8) mounted in a housing (7) for transferring the plastic material into the plasticized state the plasticizing screw (8) that conveys the plasticized plastic material to a screw section (20) of a relaxation zone (49) in which at least one additive is supplied to the plasticized plastic material via at least one line (24) and with the plasticized plastic material by means of a screw (20 ) is mixed, characterized in that between the plasticizing zone (48) and the relaxation zone (49) with the plasticizing screw (8) rotating and the plastic material shear baffle (14) is present in a storage zone (50), which the current of the flowing plasticized art toffmateriales limited, and that, seen in the direction of transport of the plastic material, branches in front of this bluff body (14) at least one channel (16) for plasticized plastic material, which bypasses the bluff body (14) and after the mouth (29) of the line (24) for the Additive in the screw section
(20) der Entspannungszone (49) oder in eine dahinterliegende Zone (31) mündet.(20) of the relaxation zone (49) or into a zone (31) lying behind.
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Staukörper (14) eine Stauschnecke ist, deren Gangtiefe und/oder Gangsteigung geringer ist als jene der Plastifizierschnecke (8).2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the bluff body (14) is a damming screw, the flight depth and / or pitch of which is less than that of the plasticizing screw (8).
3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Stauschnecke (14) dieselbe Richtung ihrer Gänge hat, wie die Plastifizierschnecke (8).3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the pusher screw (14) has the same direction of its courses as the plasticizing screw (8).
4. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 , 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Gangtiefe zumindest eines Teiles des Schneckenabschnittes (20) der Entspannungszone (49) größer ist als die Gangtiefe der Plastifizierschnecke (8).4. Device according to one of claims 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the flight depth of at least a part of the screw section (20) of the relaxation zone (49) is greater than the depth of the plasticizing screw (8).
5. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß im Bereich der Mündungsstelle (29) der Leitung (24) für das Additiv ein im Vergleich zur nachfolgenden Entspannungszone (49) mehrgängiger Schneckenabschnitt (20) vorliegt. 5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that in the region of the mouth (29) of the line (24) for the additive in comparison to the subsequent relaxation zone (49) multi-flight screw section (20) is present.
6. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß auf die Entspannungszone (49) ein Schneckenabschnitt (32) folgt, dessen Gangtiefe geringer ist als jene in der Entspannungszone (49).6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that on the relaxation zone (49) is followed by a screw section (32), the flight depth of which is less than that in the relaxation zone (49).
7. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Plastifizierschnecke (8), der Staukörper (14), der Schneckenabschnitt (20) der Entspannungszone (49) und vorzugsweise auch des auf die Entspannungszone (49) folgende Schneckenabschnitt (32) koaxial angeordnet sind und einen gemeinsamen Antrieb (11 ) haben.7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the plasticizing screw (8), the bluff body (14), the screw section (20) of the relaxation zone (49) and preferably also the screw section following the relaxation zone (49) ( 32) are arranged coaxially and have a common drive (11).
8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß für die Plastifizierschnecke (8), den Staukörper (14) den Schneckenabschnitt (20) der Entspannungszone (49) und vorzugsweise auch für den auf die Entspannungszone (49) folgenden Schneckenabschnitt (32) ein gemeinsames Gehäuse konstanten Innendurchmessers vorgesehen ist.8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that for the plasticizing screw (8), the bluff body (14), the screw section (20) of the relaxation zone (49) and preferably also for the screw zone (49) following the relaxation zone (49) common housing of constant inner diameter is provided.
9. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in der das Additiv zuführenden Leitung (24) ein Stopf- und Dosierelement, z.B. eine Schnecke, insbesondere eine gleichlaufende Doppelschnecke (23), vorgesehen ist, welche das Additiv in die Entspannungszone (49) eindrückt.9. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that in the additive supply line (24) a stuffing and dosing element, e.g. a screw, in particular a co-rotating twin screw (23), is provided which presses the additive into the relaxation zone (49).
10. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Entspannungszone (49) länger ist als die Stauzone (50).10. Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the relaxation zone (49) is longer than the storage zone (50).
11. Verfahren zur Einbringung zumindest eines empfindlichen, insbesondere gegen Scherung bzw. Knetung empfindlichen, Additives in thermoplastisches Kunststoffmateriai, wobei das Kunststoffmateriai in den plastifizierten Zustand übergeführt und danach entspannen gelassen wird, wobei das Additiv in das sich entspannende Kunststoffmateriai eingebracht und damit vermischt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das plastifizierte Kunststoffmateriai auf zwei Wege aufgeteilt wird, wobei auf dem ersten Weg das Kunststoffmateriai durch Einwirkung einer, vorzugsweise kurzzeitigen, Scherung auf eine höhere Temperatur als bei seiner bisherigen Plastifizierung gebracht wird, und in dieses stärker erwärmte Kunststoffmateriai das Additiv eingebracht wird, und daß das auf dem zweiten Weg geführte, plastifizierte Kunststoffmateriai mit dem das Additiv enthaltenden11. Method for introducing at least one sensitive additive, in particular one sensitive to shear or kneading, into thermoplastic plastic material, the plastic material being brought into the plasticized state and then allowed to relax, the additive being introduced into the relaxing plastic material and mixed with it, characterized in that the plasticized plastic material is divided into two ways, the plastic material being brought to a higher temperature than in its previous plastication by the action of a, preferably brief, shear, and the additive is introduced into this more heated plastic material , and that the plasticized plastic material carried in the second way with that containing the additive
Kunststoffmaterialteil nach der Einbringung des Additives vereint und gemischt wird. Plastic material part is combined and mixed after the addition of the additive.
12. Verfahren nach Anspruch 11 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Menge des auf dem ersten Weg geführten Kunststoffmateriales geringer ist als die Menge des auf dem zweiten Weg geführten Kunststoffmateriales.12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the amount of the plastic material guided in the first way is less than the amount of the plastic material guided in the second way.
13. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 1 oder 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die höhere Temperatur des auf dem ersten Weg geführten Kunststoffmateriales zusätzlich zur Einwirkung einer starken Scherung durch äußere Beheizung erzielt wird. 13. The method according to claim 1 1 or 12, characterized in that the higher temperature of the plastic material guided in the first way is achieved in addition to the action of strong shear by external heating.
PCT/AT2000/000127 1999-07-12 2000-05-08 Device and method for incorporating sensitive additives into thermoplastic synthetic material WO2001003907A1 (en)

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