WO1999006415A1 - Substance a chimisorption, film de cristaux liquides alignes et afficheur a cristaux liquides faits de cette substance, procede de fabrication correspondant - Google Patents
Substance a chimisorption, film de cristaux liquides alignes et afficheur a cristaux liquides faits de cette substance, procede de fabrication correspondant Download PDFInfo
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- WO1999006415A1 WO1999006415A1 PCT/JP1998/003437 JP9803437W WO9906415A1 WO 1999006415 A1 WO1999006415 A1 WO 1999006415A1 JP 9803437 W JP9803437 W JP 9803437W WO 9906415 A1 WO9906415 A1 WO 9906415A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
- G02F1/133711—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by organic films, e.g. polymeric films
- G02F1/133719—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by organic films, e.g. polymeric films with coupling agent molecules, e.g. silane
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic System
- C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
- C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
- C07F7/12—Organo silicon halides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82B—NANOSTRUCTURES FORMED BY MANIPULATION OF INDIVIDUAL ATOMS, MOLECULES, OR LIMITED COLLECTIONS OF ATOMS OR MOLECULES AS DISCRETE UNITS; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- B82B3/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures by manipulation of individual atoms or molecules, or limited collections of atoms or molecules as discrete units
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2323/00—Functional layers of liquid crystal optical display excluding electroactive liquid crystal layer characterised by chemical composition
- C09K2323/02—Alignment layer characterised by chemical composition
- C09K2323/023—Organic silicon compound, e.g. organosilicon
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a chemisorbed substance capable of forming a monomolecular thin film in which constituent molecules are oriented in a predetermined direction.
- the present invention also relates to a liquid crystal alignment film and a liquid crystal display device using such a chemisorbed substance. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for producing the above-mentioned chemisorbed substance.
- BACKGROUND ART In recent years, liquid crystal display elements have been rapidly spreading as one of the means to reduce the size and weight of information equipment, but it is possible to manufacture a liquid crystal alignment film, which is an important member of the technology. Coating materials are limited. For this reason, with the improvement in the performance of liquid crystal display elements, there is a demand for a new alignment film material having unprecedented characteristics.
- a liquid crystal display device includes a pair of substrates each having a transparent electrode arranged in a matrix and a liquid crystal alignment film formed on the transparent electrode.
- the structure is such that the liquid crystal is sealed in this gap with a certain gap inside. More specifically, for example, a first glass substrate on which a pixel electrode and a thin-film transistor (TFT) array are formed, and a plurality of red-blue color filters are formed, and further thereon.
- TFT thin-film transistor
- a polymer film is formed on each surface of the second glass substrate on which the common transparent electrode is formed, and the film surface is rubbed to impart liquid crystal orientation.
- the substrate is opposed with the coating surface (liquid crystal alignment film surface) inside and a spacer interposed, and the periphery of the substrate is bonded to form an empty cell (panel structure).
- Liquid crystal such as twisted TN (TN) is injected into the empty cell, sealed and sealed.
- a polarizing plate is arranged on both outer surfaces of the element, and a backlight is arranged outside the first electrode, thereby forming a liquid crystal display device as an optical display device.
- the liquid crystal display device having such a structure is intended to display an arbitrary image by controlling the light transmission by changing the alignment state of the liquid crystal by changing the inter-electrode voltage by TFT to ONF. Therefore, the alignment film that regulates the alignment state of the liquid crystal in the light transmission path plays an extremely important role in determining the display performance.
- Polyimide films have been widely used as coating materials for such liquid crystal alignment films because of their excellent affinity with liquid crystals, heat resistance, and substrate adhesion.
- a solution obtained by dissolving a polyamic acid, which is a precursor polymer of polyimide, in an organic solvent such as xylene is spin-coated on a substrate, and then baked to obtain a polymer.
- a method for imidizing amic acid to form a polyimide film, and using polyimide itself for DMF (N, N-dimethylformamide), DMAc (dimethylacetamide), Oral Solvent acetate, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, and other organic solvents are spin-coated on a substrate, and then the solvent is evaporated to form a film.
- polyimide films have the following problems, and are not sufficiently satisfactory as liquid crystal alignment films. That is,
- each solvent has a high boiling point (153 ° C (:, 165 ° C, 192 ° C, 202 ° C), respectively) and is flammable, so explosion-proof is considered during film formation. It is necessary to evaporate and dry the solvent at a high temperature while doing this.
- the production of a polyimide film requires special equipment for heating,
- the manufacturing cost is high.
- the circuit such as TFT may be damaged by the heating.
- the concave portions will not rub, especially if the panel has a large area, it will not rub evenly, causing problems such as generation of alignment defects, display unevenness, and display burn-in.
- dust is generated from the rubbing material (such as cotton cloth), and the dust may cause display unevenness or change the gap between substrates.
- JP-A-5-53118 a layer of a photosensitive composition is formed on a substrate, and a groove having a predetermined pattern is formed in the composition layer by exposure and heat treatment.
- a groove having a predetermined pattern is formed in the composition layer by exposure and heat treatment.
- this technique requires a large amount of light energy to form the groove.
- problems such as display unevenness occur.
- the alignment regulating force is not sufficient.
- linearly polarized light is applied to a polyimide or a compound layer for forming an alignment film containing a polyimide precursor to irradiate the polyimide.
- a technique has been proposed for imparting orientation by polymerizing the like.
- this technology uses an organic polymer, polyimide, The problem that a thick film thickness causes an increase in the liquid crystal driving voltage cannot be solved. Another problem is that the fixing force of the alignment film to the substrate is not sufficient.
- an alignment film having a polymer structure is irradiated with light obliquely to cause a new bond or a decomposition reaction to occur in a molecular chain of the alignment film to have an alignment property.
- Techniques for forming a molecular structure have been proposed.
- this technology also targets alignment films composed of organic high molecules such as polyimide-polyvinyl alcohol and polystyrene. Therefore, this technique cannot solve the above-mentioned problems such as a large film thickness and a small substrate fixing force.
- this technology requires that the alignment film be irradiated with light obliquely in order to provide a pretilt angle, but a highly accurate light irradiation device is required to accurately irradiate light obliquely. As a result, production costs increase accordingly.
- each of the above techniques has problems such as a large film thickness and insufficient substrate fixing force as described above, and therefore, even if these techniques are used, a liquid crystal alignment film that is still sufficiently satisfactory cannot be provided. .
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems.
- the following series of the present invention is intended to solve the above problems at once.
- the first object of the present invention is to firstly form a nanometer-level ultra-thin and transparent thin film that is uniformly and strongly fixed to a substrate, and that this thin film has an alignment characteristic with high thermal stability. It is to provide a novel chemisorbed substance capable of imparting the following. No.
- a second object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal alignment film having desired alignment characteristics, excellent alignment regulating force for liquid crystal molecules, and excellent thermal stability by using the above-mentioned chemisorption substance.
- a third object is to provide a liquid crystal display device having excellent display performance using such a liquid crystal alignment film.
- Fourth, it is to provide a manufacturing method capable of manufacturing the above-mentioned chemisorbed substance, liquid crystal alignment film, and liquid crystal display element with good productivity.
- the chemisorbed substance in the first invention group is characterized by the following constitution.
- the functional group having Si functions as a chemisorbing group. Therefore, chemical bonding (chemical adsorption) can be performed on the surface of a substrate having a hydrophilic group such as an OH group, a COOH group, an NH 2 group, an NH group, and an SH group via a functional group having Si.
- a vinyl group functions as a photoreactive group. Therefore, the molecules can be cross-linked via the vinyl group by light irradiation.
- the significance of using the chemically adsorbed substance having the above structure as a liquid crystal alignment film material is as follows.
- the thin film formed by bringing the above-mentioned chemisorbed substance into contact with the substrate and chemisorbing the substrate has one end in the major axis direction (functional group side having S i) bonded to the surface of the substrate and the other end directed in a direction away from the substrate. It has a monolayer structure in which molecules are arranged in the horizontal direction.
- This membrane is an extremely thin film at the nanometer level, and is transparent and chemically stable in the visible light region.
- the vinyl group has the property of causing a photoreaction by irradiation with light in the ultraviolet region.
- the substrate can be cross-linked by irradiating the substrate with ultraviolet light, whereby the constituent molecules can be connected to each other. Can be stabilized. Furthermore, when polarized light is used for irradiation with ultraviolet light, a crosslinking reaction can be caused along a certain direction, so that the orientation direction of constituent molecules can be controlled by defining the polarization direction.
- polarized light is used for irradiation with ultraviolet light
- a crosslinking reaction can be caused along a certain direction, so that the orientation direction of constituent molecules can be controlled by defining the polarization direction.
- liquid crystal molecules can enter between individual constituent molecules (valleys). Therefore, a thin film in which the constituent molecules of the thin film are oriented in a certain direction has a specific liquid crystal orientation.
- the thin film since each of the constituent molecules contributes to the alignment of the liquid crystal, the thin film exerts a strong alignment regulating force even though it is an extremely thin film. Furthermore, since the constituent molecules are linked to each other by a cross-linking reaction, Does not deteriorate the orientation due to external stimulation. In addition, the coating is very thin and transparent. Moreover, since it is not an organic polymer film, it hardly acts as an electric resistance film. Therefore, it has a very suitable property as a liquid crystal alignment film that does not impair light transmittance and liquid crystal driving electric field.
- the conventional liquid crystal orientation film for example, a polymer film made of the above-mentioned polyamide
- the orientation changes or deteriorates when an external stimulus such as heat or rubbing is applied.
- a high molecular film such as a polyamide film has a large thickness and a high electric resistance, and thus becomes a hindrance factor in light transmission and liquid crystal driving.
- chemisorbed substance having a chemical structure that cannot cross-link constituent molecules even if a monolayer thin film can be formed, stable alignment characteristics cannot be obtained.
- the chemisorbed substance described in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-7913 has no photoreactive group, so that the adsorbed molecules cannot be chemically linked to each other. Therefore, there is a problem that the orientation is deteriorated when heat of about 200 ° C. is applied.
- the chemically adsorbed substance having the above structure is extremely useful as a material for a liquid crystal alignment film, but the use of this substance is not limited to this.
- R 1 and R 2 represent hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms include one CH 3 , -C 2 H 5 , and one Ca H 7 group.
- Examples of the alkoxy group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms include- OCE s, - 0 C 2 H , Ru can and Ageruko an OC 3 H group.
- the compound of the above (2) can be a compound represented by the following formula 1.
- n of lig 1 represents an integer of 1 to 14
- R is an alkyl group or phenyl group having 1 to 14 carbon atoms
- X is a halogen or alkoxyl group or isocyanate group
- m is 1 to 14.
- Integer of 3 A represents a functional group.
- the compound of the above (2) can be a compound represented by the following chemical formula (2), (3) or (4).
- n represents an integer of 1 to 14
- R represents an alkyl group or a phenyl group having 1 to 14 carbon atoms
- X represents a halogen or alkoxyl group or an isocyanate group
- m represents an integer of 1 to 3. (Chemical formula 4 only 1-2, A represents a functional group.)
- R-C C-C -0- (CH2) n-SiXmA3-m
- R-CC-i one hundred and one (CH2) n - i mA2 - .. M ⁇ of 4
- the liquid crystal alignment film in the first invention group using the above-mentioned chemisorption substance is characterized by the following constitution.
- a liquid crystal alignment film capable of aligning liquid crystal molecules in a specific direction which is composed of a compound containing a chemical bond unit represented by the following chemical formula (5) or (6) or (7) or (8).
- a liquid crystal alignment film characterized by the following.
- n represents an integer of 1 to 14
- R represents an alkyl group having 1 to 14 carbon atoms or a fluorine group.
- This structure has a large alignment effect on the liquid crystal molecules since it contains the chemical bond units of the following chemical formulas (5) to (8), and particularly has a great effect of aligning the twisted nematic (TN) type liquid crystal. Therefore, it can be suitably used as a liquid crystal alignment film for a TN mode liquid crystal display device.
- a photopolymerization step of irradiating the thin film surface with ultraviolet light or far ultraviolet light to photopolymerize adsorbed molecules at a carbon-carbon double bond portion of one CR ′ CR 2 —C 0 -group.
- an organic solvent is brought into contact with the thin film surface, and then the organic solvent is drained and dried in a certain direction, whereby molecules constituting the thin film are formed.
- a temporary alignment processing step for performing temporary alignment can be provided.
- the thin film surface is washed with a non-aqueous system to remove unadsorbed chemisorbed substances, and the washed substrate is oriented in a certain direction.
- a temporary alignment step of temporarily removing the non-aqueous solvent remaining on the substrate surface and drying the solution to temporarily align the orientation direction of the silane-based chemisorbed substance molecules chemically adsorbed on the substrate surface. Can be.
- irradiation of ultraviolet light or far-ultraviolet light in the photopolymerization step may be performed using a polarizing plate or a transparent plate having a large number of groove scratches of about 0.1 to 0.3; This can be done through a rubbed transparent plate.
- the light overlapping direction can be controlled in the polarization direction, the groove flaw direction, or the rubbing direction.
- the irradiation of ultraviolet light or far ultraviolet light in the photopolymerization step may be performed by irradiating a polarizing plate or a transparent plate having a large number of grooves of about 0.1 to 0.3 m on the surface, or rubbing the surface. Further, a mask with a pattern is superimposed on the transparent plate thus formed, and the chemical bonding direction of the chemisorbed molecules can be controlled to make the orientation direction of the adsorbed molecules different for each irradiation region of the pattern.
- the first silane chemical adsorption substance and the second silane chemical adsorption substance having a different molecular length from the first silane chemical adsorption substance are used.
- a multi-component chemical adsorption liquid mixed at a predetermined ratio can be used.
- the degree of photopolymerization of the first silane chemisorbent and the second or second silane chemisorbent can be changed by changing the mixing ratio.
- the mixing ratio appropriately, the inclination of longer adsorbed molecules with respect to the substrate can be controlled with shorter adsorbed molecules.
- the density of the polymerizable group can be changed, the degree of photopolymerization can be controlled.
- a nonaqueous solvent is brought into contact with the thin film surface, and the nonaqueous solvent is drained and dried in a certain direction.
- a temporary alignment treatment step for temporarily aligning the molecules constituting the thin film can be provided.
- a cleaning step of cleaning the thin film surface with a non-aqueous solvent to remove unadsorbed chemically adsorbed substances is set up in a certain direction, and the non-aqueous solvent remaining on the substrate surface is drained and dried to remove the silane-based chemical adsorbed on the substrate surface.
- unadsorbed chemically adsorbed substances can be removed by a series of operations of washing and drying, and the adsorbed molecules can be temporarily oriented.
- the irradiation of the ultraviolet light or the far ultraviolet light in the photopolymerization step may be carried out by using a polarizing plate or a transparent plate having a number of flaws of about 0.3; Alternatively, it can be performed through a transparent plate having a rubbed surface.
- the irradiation of the ultraviolet light or the far ultraviolet light in the photopolymerization step may be carried out by using a polarizing plate or a transparent plate having a number of flaws of about 0.1 to 0.3 m on the surface.
- the pattern or mask is superimposed on the plate or the transparent plate whose surface is rubbed, and the direction of the adsorbed molecules is controlled for each patterned irradiation area by controlling the chemical bonding direction of the chemisorbed molecules.
- the liquid crystal display element in the first invention group using the liquid crystal alignment film having the above configuration can have the following configuration.
- Two opposing substrates each having an electrode formed on the inner surface, a liquid crystal alignment film formed on at least one inner surface of the opposing substrate, and a gap between the opposing substrates.
- a liquid crystal display element having at least a liquid crystal contained in the liquid crystal display element, wherein the liquid crystal alignment film has a monomolecular layered shape in which a chemisorbed substance is chemically adsorbed to the substrate surface directly or through another material layer.
- a liquid crystal display element characterized by being a thin film and having adsorbed molecules cross-linked along a specific direction.
- the liquid crystal alignment film is It is a monolayer thin film in which a chemisorbed substance is chemically adsorbed on the substrate surface directly or via another substance layer, and the adsorbed molecules are cross-linked along a specific direction.
- the liquid crystal display element described above can also be used. In this configuration, a rubbing-less liquid crystal alignment film with little deterioration in alignment is used, so that an in-plane switching (IPS) liquid crystal display device can be provided with high productivity.
- the thin film on the surface of the substrate according to the above configuration (18) is characterized in that the liquid crystal alignment regulating direction is different for each of a plurality of small subdivisions of one pixel unit.
- the following configuration can be adopted as a method of manufacturing the liquid crystal display device having the above configuration.
- CR 1 CR 2 one C 0- group at the terminal or part of the carbon chain contains a carbon chain, a sila emissions based chemisorption material comprising a functional group having a S i to a non-aqueous solvent
- a process for preparing a chemisorbent solution to form a chemisorbent solution by contacting the chemisorbent solution with at least a first substrate on which an electrode group is formed in a matrix form, and having a chemisorbent having Si
- the non-aqueous solvent is drained and dried to temporarily align the adsorbed molecules, and the temporarily aligned thin film is irradiated with ultraviolet light or far-ultraviolet light, and the adsorbed molecules are mutually polymerized by photopolymerization.
- Cross-linking in a specific direction to produce a first substrate with a liquid crystal alignment film with specific alignment characteristics An alignment property providing step, a first substrate with a liquid crystal alignment film, and a counter substrate or a counter electrode manufactured in the same manner as the first substrate with a liquid crystal alignment film.
- a second substrate with a liquid crystal alignment film having a pole is overlapped with the electrode surface inside and a predetermined gap is maintained, and an empty cell manufacturing step of bonding and fixing the periphery is performed;
- FIG. 1 shows the chlorosilane-based chemisorbed substance (Chem. 1) used in Example 1.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an ultraviolet absorption spectrum of (0).
- FIG. 2 is a conceptual cross-sectional view for explaining a chemical adsorption step used for manufacturing a monomolecular liquid crystal alignment film in Example 1.
- FIG. 3 is a conceptual cross-sectional view for explaining a thin film cleaning step in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram in which the cross section is enlarged to the molecular level in Example 1 in order to explain the orientation state of the adsorbed molecules constituting the monomolecular thin film after solvent washing.
- FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram of an exposure step used in Example 1 to polymerize adsorbed molecules by polarized light exposure.
- FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram in which the thin film is enlarged to the molecular level in Example 1 in order to explain the polymerization state of molecules in the thin film after polarized light exposure.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an ultraviolet absorption spectrum of the chlorosilane-based chemisorbed substance (Chem. 16) used in Example 2.
- FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram in which the thin film is enlarged to the molecular level in Example 3 in order to explain the polymerization state of molecules in the thin film after polarized light exposure.
- FIG. 9 is a conceptual cross-sectional view illustrating a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to the fourth embodiment.
- a glass substrate 1 (containing a large number of hydroxyl groups on the surface) with a transparent electrode formed on the surface, and thoroughly clean and degrease it beforehand.
- the substrate is defined as a chlorosilane-based chemisorbing substance containing a carbon chain and having a group represented by the following (Chemical Formula 9) and Si at a terminal or a part of the carbon chain, and the following formula ( 11) (This substance has a photosensitive peak at 240 to 370 nm as shown in Fig. 1.)
- the compound represented by the formula (1) is dissolved in a non-aqueous solvent at a concentration of about 1% by weight. The mixture was dissolved to prepare a chemisorption solution.
- the solution prepared in this manner is referred to as an adsorption solution 2, and the substrate 1 is immersed in this adsorption solution 2 in a dry atmosphere (relative humidity of 30% or less) for about 1 hour (even if coated). Good) (Fig. 2). After that, the substrate is taken out of the solution, washed with well-dehydrated n-hexane 3 as a water-free non-aqueous solvent, and then the substrate is pulled up from the washing solution in the desired standing state and the washing solution is drained. And Exposure to moist air ( Figure 3).
- the substrate is washed with a non-aqueous organic solvent such as n-hexane or cross-hole form, the substrate is set up in a desired direction, and the liquid is drained. Can be done.
- a non-aqueous organic solvent such as n-hexane or cross-hole form
- the chemisorbed substance reacts with the substrate to form a chemically adsorbed monolayer 4 force ⁇ the state in which the hydroxyl group-containing portion of the substrate surface is chemically bonded via a covalent bond of siloxane.
- the bound molecules were oriented to some extent in the direction opposite to the direction 5 of drawing up and forming a film with a thickness of about 2 nm (Fig. 4).
- HNP'B polarizing plate
- a polarizing plate manufactured by Boraguchi
- Irradiation (Fig. 5, 9 in the figure represents a transparent electrode).
- the direction of the bond was not known, the absorption was clearly different between the polarization direction and the vertical direction. This means that the substance constituting the monomolecular film is bonded and fixed to the surface of the substrate, and is cross-linked and photopolymerized at a photosensitive group portion (vinyl group) in FIG. 9 along a predetermined direction. Is shown.
- the two substrates in this state are used in combination so that the chemisorption films face each other, so that the polarization direction is parallel and the draining direction is opposite, that is, antiparallel. Then, assemble a 20 micron gap liquid crystal cell, inject a nematic liquid crystal (ZLI4792, manufactured by Merck) and check the alignment.
- a nematic liquid crystal ZLI4792, manufactured by Merck
- the injected liquid crystal molecules were oriented at a Brechilt angle of 2.5 'with respect to the substrate along a direction crossing the polarization direction by 90 °.
- the washing liquid draining / pulling-up direction 5 and the polarization direction intersect completely at 90 ′, but it is somewhat preferable. It must be shifted several degrees or more.
- the polarization direction 6 may be adjusted so as to be at most parallel to the cleaning solution draining direction. If they cross at 90 'completely, individual molecules may turn in two directions.
- a mask with a surface roughness of 50 nm is superimposed on the polarizer at the time of exposure, and a wavelength of 365 nm with an energy of 100 to 20 OmJ is applied.
- the alignment direction changes only in the irradiated part, and the alignment direction differs in a pattern in the alignment film on the same plane, that is, along the cleaning liquid cutting and lifting direction 5 and the polarization direction 6 respectively.
- a plurality of portions where the liquid crystal was aligned could be provided.
- the desired mask is placed on the polarizing plate
- a hydrocarbon-based n-hexane containing an alkyl group was used as a water-free solvent used for cleaning.
- a chemically adsorbed substance containing no water was used. Any solvent that dissolves can be used.
- a solvent containing a carbon fluoride group, a carbon chloride group or a siloxane group for example, Freon 113, clog form, hexamethyldisiloxane, or the like could be used.
- a liquid crystal alignment film containing a chemical bond unit represented by the following formula (Formula 15) has a particularly high alignment effect on a twisted nematic liquid crystal.
- a substance capable of forming a film a substance represented by the following formula (Formula 16) was similarly applicable.
- n an integer from 1 to 14
- a solvent containing an alkyl group, a carbon fluoride group, a carbon chloride group, or a siloxane group could be used as the non-aqueous organic solvent for preparing the chemical adsorption solution.
- the photosensitive group represented by the above (Chemical Formula 9)
- the following chemical formula (Chemical formula 1) is used as the chemisorbed substance containing Si and Si (as shown in FIG. There is a photosensitive peak at nm.)
- H2C CCH3— C— O— (CH2> 3-SiCh
- the liquid crystal ZLI4792; manufactured by Merck
- the injected liquid crystal molecules had a polarization direction of 90. It was oriented at a pretilt angle of about 4 'with respect to the substrate along the intersecting direction.
- RHC CH-C-O- (CH2) n-SiC 18
- ⁇ is an integer of 1 to 14
- R is an alkyl group having 1 to 14 carbon atoms, or a phenyl group, provided that the total number of carbon atoms of ⁇ and R is 1 to 26,
- n represents an integer of 1 to 14
- R represents an alkyl group having 1 to 14 carbon atoms or a phenyl group. However, the total number of carbon atoms of n and R is 1 to 26.
- a substance represented by the following formula (Formula 20) can be used.
- RHC CCH3— C— 0— (CH2) n—SiCl2.
- n represents an integer of 1 to 14
- R represents an alkyl group having 1 to 14 carbon atoms, or a phenyl group. However, the total number of carbon atoms of n and R is 1 to 26.
- the substances represented by the following formulas, (Chemical Formula 21), (Chemical Formula 22), (Chemical Formula 23), (Chemical Formula 24), and (Chemical Formula 25) have different exposure doses, but are similar. could be applied.
- H2C CH— C-1 0— (CH2) 3—SiCl3 21
- a monomolecular thin film 10 (hereinafter, referred to as a monomolecular film) containing the bond of the above (Chemical Formula 13) and the following (Chemical Formula 27) in a ratio of about 1: 1 was formed.
- HNP'B polarizing plate
- the anisotropy of the adsorbed molecule was examined using FT-IR.
- the photosensitive group was photopolymerized and the absorption of the vinyl group disappeared as in Example 1.
- the direction of the bond was not known, the absorption was clearly different between the polarization direction and the vertical direction.
- the material constituting the monomolecular film is bonded and fixed to the surface of the substrate, and the monomolecular film 10 'photopolymerized at the photosensitive group portion along a predetermined direction as shown in FIG.
- two substrates in this state are used and combined so that the chemisorption films face each other, so that the polarization direction is parallel and the liquid draining direction is opposite, that is, the antiparallel is used.
- the nematic liquid crystal ZLI4792; manufactured by Merck
- the alignment was checked.
- the molecules were oriented at about a 1.5 ° tilt angle with respect to the substrate along the direction crossing the polarization direction by 90 degrees. This indicates that the photopolymerized molecules are more inclined than in Example 1.
- this film had a larger orientation regulating force than the film obtained in Example 1.
- the first and second substrates 13 and 16 are aligned so that the electrodes face each other, and a gap of approximately 5 micron is formed with a spacer 18 and an adhesive 19.
- a cell whose light distribution direction was twisted 90 degrees was created.
- the display elements were completed by combining the polarizing plates 21 and 22. At this time, the pretilt angle of the injected liquid crystal was 2.3 °.
- Such a device was able to display an image in the direction of arrow A by driving each transistor using a video signal while illuminating the entire surface of the backlight 23.
- the same process is performed twice as in the first embodiment in which a pattern-like mask for dividing each pixel into four parts by Ichimatsubushi is overlaid and exposed on the polarizing plate under the same conditions as in the first embodiment.
- Four portions having different alignment directions could be provided in a pattern in the pixel.
- the above films were formed as alignment films on the surface of the substrate on which the two electrodes facing each other were formed, a liquid crystal display device having further excellent alignment stability was obtained.
- rubbing is not required for an in-plane switching (IPS) type liquid crystal display device in which opposing electrodes are formed on the surface of one of the substrates, which is extremely effective.
- the light used for exposure was 365 nm, which is an ultraviolet ray (i-line of an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp), and the light of 254 nm, which was far ultraviolet light.
- an alkoxysilyl group or an isocyanate silyl group was used instead of the chlorosylane-based chemisorbent-containing substance used in this example, such as the poor chlorosilane-based adsorbate.
- a highly oriented film was obtained.
- a liquid crystal alignment film can be provided.
- the alignment direction of the injected liquid crystal can be controlled by photopolymerization irradiation using far ultraviolet light or ultraviolet light, and the pretilt angle can be changed by changing the composition of the thin film.
- the liquid crystal alignment film as described above can be produced with high productivity.
- the second invention group is a liquid crystal alignment excellent in thermal stability and the like. T / JP98 / 03437
- the description of the liquid crystal alignment film and the liquid crystal display device using the chemisorbing substance according to the second invention group is omitted. It is needless to say that the liquid crystal alignment film and the liquid crystal display element can be manufactured by applying the manufacturing method described in the other invention group to the chemisorbed substance.
- the invention of the second invention group is characterized by the following constitution.
- ⁇ -CH CH-C- ⁇ -A-SiRpCl (3-p)...
- R represents an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms
- p represents an integer of 0 to 2
- A represents a divalent functional group.
- a in the above (Chemical formula 2-1) may be-(CH 2 ) n-(where n is an integer of 3 or more and 14 or less).
- a compound having a chalcone skeleton group represented by the following (Chemical Formula 2-6) is generally transparent and stable in the visible light (wavelength: 40 O nm to 0 O nm) region, and It has photosensitivity to photopolymerize in the ultraviolet and ultraviolet regions.
- the manganese chloride group chemically adsorbs to a substrate having a hydrophilic group.
- the chemisorbed substance having the above structure can form a monolayer-like thin film by chemisorption, and can cross-link molecules with each other by light irradiation in the far ultraviolet and ultraviolet regions. It is suitable as an alignment film forming material.
- ⁇ -CH CH-C- ⁇ -
- the chemisorbed substance having the above structure can be manufactured by the manufacturing method having the following structure. That is, 4′-hydroxychalcone represented by the following (Chemical formula 2-2) and a compound represented by the following (Chemical formula 2-3) are coupled, and the following (Chemical formula 2-4) A first step of synthesizing the substance represented by
- Ha l represents I, Br, or C I, and n represents an integer of 3 or more and 14 or less
- the above manufacturing method will be further described.
- the 4 ′ monosubstituted chalcone derivative represented by the above (Chemical 2-1) can be synthesized, for example, by the following steps (1) and (2).
- a compound represented by the above formula for example, 6-chloro-11-hexanol
- a compound represented by the above formula for example, 6-chloro-11-hexanol
- 60 to 85, preferably to 80 "C and reacting for 5 to 10 hours, preferably 7 hours, the above (Chemical Formula 2-4)
- a 4 ′ monosubstituted chalcone derivative can be obtained.
- ⁇ ⁇ -CH CH-C ⁇ -0- (CH2) 6-OSlCl3.
- Figure 2-1 shows the results. As shown in Fig.2-1, (51.6 (s, CH2), 4.0 (d. Ref. H :), 6.9 (d), 2.4 (m ), 8.0 (d) (benzene ring H) ppm signal was present.
- FIG. 2-2 shows the results of analysis using the IR spectrum.
- Figure 2-3 shows the UV absorption spectrum obtained in the black hole form. From the ultraviolet absorption spectrum shown in Fig. 2-3, it was proved that there was no absorption in the visible light region and that the absorption was strong in the far ultraviolet and ultraviolet regions. In Fig. 2-3, the absorption curve is omitted because there is no absorption between the wavelengths of 500 nm and 700 nm.
- Fig. 2-4 is a chart showing the measurement results of gas chromatography.
- Retention time 1 4.86 1
- the 1-minute peak is the 4 '-(6-trichlorohexyloxyloxy) -chalcone obtained in this example and has a purity of at least 99%. Is shown.
- the peak at the retention time of 1 to 2 minutes indicates the low boiling point solvent of the carrier.
- reaction solution was poured into ice water, extracted with ethyl acetate, washed with water, dehydrated and dried using magnesium sulfate, and the solvent was removed.
- a purified product of 1 chalcone (13.6 g. 31.2 mm 01) was obtained in a yield of 46.6%.
- ⁇ -CH CH-C ⁇ O- (CH 2) l4 -OH ⁇ . ⁇ ( Of 2 _ U)
- the 4 ′-(14-trichlorosiloxytide tradesiloxy) -chalcone (Chemical Formula 2_12) obtained in this way is a light yellow powdered crystal of this substance.
- the UV absorption spectrum obtained in the mouth form was almost the same as in Figure 2-1. From this absorption spectrum, it was proved that there was no absorption in the visible light region and strong absorption in the far ultraviolet / ultraviolet region.
- the 4 '-(3—trichlorosiloxypropoxy) -chalcone (Chemical Formula 2-14) obtained in this manner was a pale yellow powdery fine crystal.
- the UV absorption spectrum of this substance obtained in a crotch-form form was similar to that shown in Figure 2-1. From this absorption spectrum, it was proved that there was no absorption in the visible light range and strong absorption in the far ultraviolet / ultraviolet region.
- reaction solution was poured into ice water, extracted with ethyl acetate, washed with water, dehydrated and dried over magnesium sulfate, and dried.
- a purified product of 1 chalconone (12.2 g, 37.7 mm 01) was obtained in a yield of 56.2%.
- R is an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and p represents an integer of 0 to 2)
- the 4 ′ monosubstituted chalcone derivative according to the second invention group is a novel and useful compound represented by the above (Formula 2-1). This compound is transparent and stable in the visible light region, and has a group represented by the above formula (Chem. 2-6) in the molecule as a photosensitive group that is photopolymerized in the far ultraviolet / ultraviolet region.
- Figure 2 - 1 char representing the results of analysis by 1 1 H- NMR scan Bae-vector of the synthesized compound in Example 2-1 (CDC 1 3) It is.
- FIG. 2-2 is a chart showing the results of an IR spectrum analysis of the compound synthesized in Example 2-1.
- FIG. 2-3 is a chart showing the ultraviolet absorption spectrum of the compound synthesized in Example 2-1 in the form of black mouth.
- FIG. 2-4 is a chart showing the results of gas chromatographic measurement of the compound synthesized in Example 2-1.
- the third invention group is, like the second invention group, a novel chemisorbing substance capable of forming a liquid crystal alignment film having excellent thermal alignment stability and the like, and a method for producing the same. Its main purpose is to provide.
- the chemical adsorption substance according to the third invention group is used for the liquid crystal alignment film and the liquid crystal display device of the fourth invention group below.
- the inventions of the third invention group are characterized by the following constitutions, which are transparent and stable in the visible light region, capable of causing a cross-linking reaction in the ultraviolet light region, and having a chemical reaction on the substrate. It is possible to provide a membrane material that can be bonded and fixed by an adsorption method.
- a chemisorbed substance comprising a linear compound containing a group represented by the following (Chemical formula 3-1) and a —S i X (X is a halogen) group.
- X is a halogen
- One Cyo C one C three C—...
- the compound can be represented by the following (Chem. 3-2).
- R is an alkyl group
- R ' is an alkyl group or alkoxy
- S and X represent halogen, p represents 0 to 2, and A represents a divalent functional group.
- n and m represent an integer of 3 to 14.
- the following configuration can be adopted as a method for producing the chemisorbed substance having the above configuration.
- an alcohol having an organic group represented by the above (Chemical Formula 3-1) is added to a compound containing a group represented by the following (Chemical Formula 3-4) at one end and the following at one end:
- a group represented by the formula (Formula 3-5) and a compound having a hydroxyl group at the other end can be synthesized by a condensation reaction.
- FIG. 1 is an 'H-NMR spectrum of the chemisorbed substance of Example 3-1.
- FIG. 2 is a drawing of the chemisorbed substance of Example 3-1 in chloroform. UV-visible vector at
- the contents of the third invention group will be specifically described based on examples.
- the NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) spectrum analysis was performed using R-1200 manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd., and the IR (infrared absorption) spectrum analysis was performed.
- the FTIR 4300 and UV (ultraviolet absorption) spectrum analysis was with Shimadzu Corporation UV-2400.
- reaction corbene was charged with 15.2 g of lithium hydroxide and 300 ml of water, and cooled to ⁇ 5 to 0 ° C. To this was added 12.2.4 g of bromine dropwise over 25 minutes with vigorous stirring.
- Reaction step 2 Under a nitrogen stream, 1.16 g of copper (I) chloride, 26 m1 of water, 58 m1 of a 70% aqueous ethylamine solution, 7.21 g of hydroxylamine hydrochloride in a 1 L reaction column And stirred at room temperature for 20 minutes. Thereafter, to this was added a solution of 1.16 g (0.144 mol) of methanol in 27 ml of methanol, and the mixture was stirred for 20 minutes.
- SiC 13 group was used as an adsorption site, but a substance containing a halosilyl group represented by the following general formula (Chemical Formula 3-9) can also be synthesized. is there.
- R represents an alkyl group or an alkoxy group
- X represents a halogen
- p represents 0 to 2.
- R represents an alkyl group or an alkoxy group
- X represents a halogen
- p represents 0 to 2.
- R represents an alkyl group or an alkoxy group
- X represents a halogen
- p represents 0 to 2.
- R represents an alkyl group or an alkoxy group
- X represents a halogen
- p represents 0 to 2.
- the photosensitive wavelength region is in the deep ultraviolet region (ultraviolet region) (wavelength of 200 nm to 40 nm), and visible light (400 nm to 70 nm).
- a chemically adsorbed substance that is transparent in the region of 0 nm) can be suitably used as a material for a liquid crystal alignment film.
- the invention of the fourth invention group is characterized by the following constitution.
- a liquid crystal alignment film composed of a monomolecular thin film chemically adsorbed on a surface of a substrate having at least an electrode, wherein the thin film is derived from a group represented by the following (Formula 4-11)
- a liquid crystal alignment film comprising a substance containing molecules.
- the substance is at least one of the following (Chem. 4-2), (Chem. 4-1-3), (Chem. 4-4), and (Chem. 4-1-5) It contains a chemical bond unit and is chemically adsorbed on the substrate surface via the Si portion of the chemical bond unit, and the chemical bond units are cross-linked in a specific direction by carbon-carbon bonds. It is characterized by.
- the liquid crystal alignment film having the above configuration can be manufactured by the manufacturing method having the following configuration.
- a solution containing a chemically adsorbed substance having at least a surface having electrodes and a group represented by the following (Chemical Formula 4-11) and one SIX (X is a halogen) group is brought into contact with the substrate.
- a non-aqueous solvent can be used as the cleaning liquid.
- the liquid drainer may be immersed in a cleaning liquid made of a non-aqueous solvent, and then the substrate may be held in a direction perpendicular to the liquid surface. It can be done by pulling it up.
- the light irradiation can be performed via a polarizing plate or a transparent plate whose surface is rubbed.
- the adsorbed molecules can be oriented in a specific direction.
- the light irradiation can be performed through a polarizing plate or a transparent plate having a rubbed surface.
- the adsorbed molecules can be oriented in a specific direction.
- the light irradiation can be performed by superimposing a pattern-shaped mask on a polarizing plate or a transparent plate whose surface is rubbed.
- the orientation of the adsorbed molecules can be made different for each of the small sections in the pattern by controlling the chemical bonding direction of the adsorbed molecules.
- the light irradiation is performed by superposing a pattern mask on a polarizing plate or a transparent plate having a rubbed surface, and controlling a chemical bonding direction of adsorbed molecules to form a pattern.
- the orientation direction of the adsorbed molecules can be made different for each small section.
- a solvent comprising a molecule containing an alkyl group, a carbon fluoride group, a carbon chloride group or a siloxane group can be used as a solvent for the solution containing the chemisorbed substance.
- the liquid crystal display device of the present invention using the liquid crystal alignment film manufactured by the above manufacturing method can have the following configuration.
- liquid crystal display device having a structure in which at least two substrates having electrodes are opposed with the electrode side inside, and liquid crystal is sealed between the two substrates, A liquid crystal alignment film is formed on at least one substrate surface of the substrate, and the liquid crystal alignment film has a functional group represented by the following formula in the molecular structure and one S i X (
- X is a liquid crystal display element characterized in that a thin film made of a substance derived from a chemisorbed substance having a halogen group is bonded and fixed to the substrate surface.
- the liquid crystal alignment film may have at least the following formulas (Chem. 4-2), (Chem. 4-3), (Chem. 4-4), and (Chem. 4-1-5).
- Each of which contains one chemical bond unit is chemically adsorbed on the substrate surface at the Si group end of the chemical bond unit, and the chemical bond units are cross-linked in a specific direction by carbon-carbon bonds.
- the liquid crystal alignment film may have a different liquid crystal alignment direction for each of small sections obtained by dividing one pixel unit into a plurality.
- the small sections may be arranged in a pattern in a pixel area of a substrate.
- the liquid crystal alignment film may have a different liquid crystal alignment direction for each of small sections obtained by dividing one pixel unit into a plurality.
- the small sections may be arranged in a pattern in a pixel area of a substrate.
- the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention may have the following configuration.
- a liquid crystal alignment film is formed on the surface of the substrate on which the electrodes and the counter electrode are formed.
- a chemically adsorbed substance having a functional group represented by a chemical formula 4-1 in the molecular structure and a —S i X (X is a halogen) group is represented by —S i — 0
- liquid crystal display element characterized in that the liquid crystal display element is bonded and fixed to the substrate surface by bonding, and the constituent molecules are cross-linked in a specific direction.
- the liquid crystal alignment film may be formed by the following (Chem. 4-2), (Chem. 413), (Chem. 414), and (Chem. 415).
- Each of which contains one chemical bond unit is chemically adsorbed on the substrate surface at the Si group end of the chemical bond unit, and the chemical bond units are cross-linked in a specific direction by carbon-carbon bonds. It is characterized by being composed of a thin film of
- the above-described liquid crystal display element can be manufactured by a manufacturing method having the following configuration.
- a first substrate with a liquid crystal alignment film having specific alignment characteristics A first substrate with a liquid crystal alignment film, and a counter substrate or a second substrate with a liquid crystal alignment film having a counter electrode manufactured in the same manner as the first substrate with a liquid crystal alignment film.
- a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device comprising: a step of forming an empty cell in which the layers are overlapped while maintaining a predetermined gap with an inner side of the cell, and a periphery thereof is adhesively fixed; and a liquid crystal injecting step of injecting liquid crystal into the empty cell.
- the ultraviolet light or the ultraviolet light in the orientation imparting step may be used.
- FIG. 411 is a conceptual cross-sectional view for explaining the chemical adsorption step used for producing a liquid crystal alignment film in Example 411 of the present invention.
- FIG. 4-2 is a cross-sectional conceptual diagram for explaining a cleaning process for producing a liquid crystal alignment film.
- FIG. 4-13 is an explanatory view showing that the liquid crystal alignment film is exposed to light.
- FIGS. 414 are conceptual diagrams of an exposure step used to reorient molecules adsorbed by light exposure.
- FIGS. 415 are conceptual diagrams for explaining the molecular alignment state in the liquid crystal alignment film after photo-alignment.
- FIGS. 416 are diagrams showing the same polymerization reaction.
- FIG. 4 is a conceptual cross-sectional view for explaining the production of a liquid crystal display device in Example 4-3 of the present invention.
- a glass substrate 1 (containing many hydroxyl groups on the surface) with a transparent electrode formed on the surface, and thoroughly clean and degrease it beforehand.
- the substrate is treated with a chlorosilane-based chemisorbent (Chemical adsorbent) containing a carbon chain and having Si and a group represented by the formula (Chemical Formula 4-1) at one or a part of the carbon chain.
- a chlorosilane-based chemisorbent (Chemical adsorbent) containing a carbon chain and having Si and a group represented by the formula (Chemical Formula 4-1) at one or a part of the carbon chain.
- a chemisorption solution was prepared by dissolving in a non-aqueous solvent at a concentration of about 1% by weight.
- a HC1 removal reaction occurs between the SiC1 group of the chlorosilane-based chemisorbed substance and the hydroxyl group on the substrate surface, and further reacts with water in the air to form a general formula.
- the bond of (Chem. 4-7) was formed, and a monolayer-like thin film (hereinafter, referred to as a chemisorbed substance monolayer) was formed. This material had a photosensitive peak at 240-.290 nm.
- the chemically adsorbed monomolecular film 4 formed by the reaction of the chlorosilane-based chemically adsorbed substance is fixed to the portion of the substrate surface containing the hydroxyl group via a siloxane bond, and the bound molecule is converted into a liquid.
- the film was oriented to some extent along the cutting direction and formed to a film thickness of about 2 nm.
- a polarizing plate (HNP'B) 7 (made by Polaroid) is set on the substrate so that the polarization direction 6 is oriented in the direction, and the ultraviolet light of 250 nm from a 500 W ultra-high pressure mercury lamp 8 (After passing through a polarizing film, 2. lm WZ cm 2), it was irradiated with 10 OmJ (FIGS. 4-13).
- the direction of the washing solution and the polarization direction do not completely intersect at 90 ′, but rather a few, preferably a few. It is necessary to shift by more than degrees.
- the polarization direction 13 may be adjusted so as to be at most parallel to the cleaning solution draining direction. If they cross at 90 ° completely, individual molecules may face in two directions.
- a pattern-like mask is overlaid on the polarizing plate at the time of exposure and a wavelength of 250 nm with energy of 100 to 20 OmJ is applied.
- the alignment direction changes only in the irradiated part, and the liquid crystal is oriented along the different parts of the alignment film in the same plane on the same plane, that is, along the cleaning solution draining direction 5 and the polarization direction 13. It was possible to provide a plurality of portions where the crystal was oriented. In addition, by performing a process of exposing a desired mask on a polarizing plate and exposing it under the same conditions a plurality of times, it is possible to extremely easily produce a plurality of monomolecular liquid crystal alignment films having different alignment directions in a pattern. Was. That is, it was possible to provide a liquid crystal display device in which one picture element was aligned in multiple domains.
- a hydrocarbon-based n-hexane containing an alkyl group was used as a water-free solvent for washing. Any solvent that dissolves can be used.
- a solvent containing a carbon fluoride group, a carbon chloride group, or a siloxane group for example, chlorofluoroethylene, chloromethylformane, or hexamethyldisiloxane can be used.
- a solvent containing an alkyl group, a carbon fluoride group, a carbon chloride group, or a siloxane group could be used as the non-aqueous organic solvent for preparing the chemical adsorption solution.
- Example 1 a chlorosilane-based chemisorbing substance containing a group represented by the above formula (Chemical Formula 4-11), which is a photosensitive functional group, and Si is represented by the following general formula (Chemical Formula 4-18).
- An acrylic plate rubbed with 0.3 ⁇ m abrasive grains was set on the substrate using the substance shown in Fig. 3 and set to a 250 W ultra-high pressure mercury lamp at 254 nm deep ultraviolet light.
- the same experiment was performed except that irradiation was performed at 80 mJ using (2 lm WZ cm 2 after passing through an atalyl plate). This substance has a light-sensitive peak at 240 to 280 nm.
- Ar-C ArCC ⁇ C- (CH2) n-SiX3 (Chemical Formula 4-10) More specifically, the following formula (Chemical Formula 4—11) (This substance has a photosensitive peak at 250 to 30 O nm. ), And the following formula (Chemical Formula 4-12) (This substance has a photosensitive peak at 240 to 290 nm.) There is a photosensitive peak at ⁇ 280 nm.) And the following formula (Chemical Formula 4-14) (this substance has a photosensitive peak at 240 to 310 nm).
- a first substrate 23 having a first electrode group 21 placed in a matrix and a transistor group 22 driving the electrodes.
- a liquid crystal alignment film 27 re-aligned along the electrode pattern was produced in the same manner as in Example 4-11.
- the first and second substrates 23 and 26 are positioned so that the electrodes are opposed to each other, and a spacer 28 and an adhesive 29 are used to form a gap of about 5 micron.
- a cell with a 0 degree twist orientation was created.
- the polarizing plates 31 and 32 were combined to complete a display element. At this time, the pretilt angle of the injected liquid crystal was 5 degrees.
- Such a device could display an image in the direction of arrow A by driving each transistor using a video signal while irradiating the backlight 33 over the entire surface.
- Example 4-1-4 After forming the monomolecular film in Examples 4-3, a step of overlapping and exposing a pattern-shaped mask for dividing each pixel into four in a checkered pattern on the polarizing plate under the same conditions as in Example 41-11 was performed. By performing this operation once, four portions with different alignment directions could be provided in the same pixel pattern. The use of the substrate on which the alignment film was formed significantly improved the viewing angle of the liquid crystal display device.
- rubbing is not required for an in-plane (IPS) type liquid crystal display device in which opposing electrodes are formed on the surface of one substrate, which is extremely effective.
- IPS in-plane
- Example 411 light of an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp of 254 nm was used as the light used for exposure.
- 436 nm and 405 nm were used. It is also possible to use light of nm, 365 nm or 248 nm obtained with a KrF excimer laser. In particular, light having a wavelength of 248 nm or 254 nm is easily absorbed by most substances, and thus has high energy alignment efficiency.
- the alignment direction of the injected liquid crystal is controlled by photopolymerization irradiation using far ultraviolet rays or ultraviolet rays, and the The angle is controlled by the composition of the photopolymerized monomolecular film, and an alignment film with high thermal stability can be provided without rubbing.
- the fifth invention group was completed by focusing on the fact that the chalcone skeleton has high photoreactivity, and the structure of the invention in the fifth invention group has a chalcone skeleton.
- the chemical adsorption consists of a chalcone derivative in which a functional group is bonded to one of the benzene rings and a characteristic group containing a Si x group (where X is a halogen, alkoxyl group, or isocyanate group) is bonded to the other benzene ring. Specially, it is a substance.
- the chalcone skeleton in the above structure is as shown in the following (Chem. 5-4), and a chalcone derivative in which a specific substituent is bonded to two benzene rings has particularly high reactivity.
- the SiX group functions as a chemisorption group. Therefore, chemical bonding (chemical adsorption) can be performed on the substrate surface having a hydrophilic group such as an OH group, a COOH group, an NH 2 group, an NH group, and an SH group via the SiX group.
- a vinyl group functions as a photoreactive group. Therefore, the molecules can be cross-linked via the vinyl group by light irradiation.
- the significance of using the chemically adsorbed material S having the above configuration as the material for the liquid crystal alignment film is as follows.
- the thin film formed by bringing the chemisorbed substance into contact with the substrate and chemisorbing the substrate has one end (S i portion) in the major axis direction bonded to the substrate surface and the other end directed in a direction away from the substrate. It has a monomolecular layered structure in which girder molecules are arranged in the horizontal direction.
- This film is an extremely thin film at the nanometer level, and is transparent and chemically stable in the visible light region.
- the vinyl group portion of the chalcone skeleton has the property of causing a photoreaction when irradiated with light in the ultraviolet region.
- a cross-linking reaction can be performed to connect the constituent molecules, thereby stably stabilizing the orientation of the constituent molecules. be able to. Further, when polarized light is used in the irradiation of ultraviolet light, a crosslinking reaction can be caused along a certain direction, so that the orientation direction of constituent molecules can be controlled by defining the polarization direction.
- liquid crystal molecules can enter between individual constituent molecules (valleys). Therefore, a thin film in which molecules constituting the thin film are oriented in a certain direction has a specific liquid crystal orientation.
- the thin film since each of the constituent molecules contributes to the alignment of the liquid crystal, the thin film exerts a strong alignment regulating force even though it is an extremely thin film.
- the constituent molecules are linked to each other by a cross-linking reaction, the orientation is not deteriorated by external stimuli such as heat and rubbing.
- the coating is very thin and transparent. Moreover, since it is not an organic polymer film, it hardly works as an electric resistance film. Therefore, it has a very suitable property as a liquid crystal alignment film that does not hinder light transmittance and liquid crystal driving electric field.
- the conventional liquid crystal orientation film for example, a polymer film made of the above-mentioned polyamide
- the orientation changes or deteriorates when an external stimulus such as heat or rubbing is applied.
- a high molecular film such as a polyamide film has a large thickness and a high electric resistance, and thus becomes a hindrance factor in light transmission and liquid crystal driving.
- the chemically adsorbed substance having the above structure is extremely useful as a material for a liquid crystal alignment film, but the use of this substance is not limited to this.
- the chalcone derivative is a compound represented by (Chemical Formula 5-1).
- ⁇ is a functional group attached to the benzene ring of the chalcone skeleton
- A2 is a divalent functional group attached to another benzene ring
- X is
- k is an integer of 1 or more and 18 or less
- m and n are integers of 0 or more and 37 or less
- k is an integer of 1 or more and 18 or less
- m and n are integers of 0 or more and 37 or less
- p 0 or 1)
- (3) shall be the are A 2 of (Formula 5-1) bonded to position '4 down ring' Pense of Calco down framework.
- a 2 is - (CH 2) n - 0- or a 0- (CH 2) n one 0- or - CO- (CH 2) n - 0 - ( provided that n is an integer of 2 to 14).
- the above-mentioned (Chemical formula 5-1) is a characteristic group represented by (Chemical formula 5-2) or (Chemical formula 5-3) bonded to the 4-position of the benzene ring of the chalcone skeleton.
- a 2 is attached to the 4'-position of the benzene ring with one (CH 2 ) n — 0— or one 0— (CH 2 ) n One 0— or One CO— (CH 2 ) n — 0— (where n is an integer of 2 or more and 14 or less)
- n is an integer of 2 or more and 14 or less
- Chemisorption including a step of combining a halogen or alkoxy group in an inert gas atmosphere with at least a silicon skeleton group having a functional group at the 4-position and Si of a molecule having Si. It can be a method for producing a substance.
- the method for producing the chemisorbed substance includes, in an inert gas atmosphere, an alcohol containing a chalcone skeleton group having a functional group at least at the 4-position of the benzene ring constituting the chalcone skeleton. And a SiX 4 (where X is a halogen) to produce a chemisorbed substance including at least a step of synthesizing a chalcone derivative having a 10-SX 3 bond.
- X is a halogen
- a method for producing a chemisorbed substance comprising at least an aldol condensation reaction between a benzaldehyde having at least a functional group at the 4-position and a compound having a benzoyl group can be provided. .
- the invention of the fifth invention group will be further described.
- the chemisorbed substance of the present invention has a characteristic in which a functional group is bonded to one benzene ring constituting the chalcone skeleton and the other benzene ring contains a SiX group (where X is a halogen or alkoxyl group or an isocyanate group).
- chalcone derivative having a group bonded thereto a preferred form of the chalcone derivative having this feature is a compound represented by the following formula (5-1).
- the functional group (A,) bonded to the 4-position of the benzene ring of the chalcone skeleton is preferable because it has less steric hindrance and increases the reactivity during photoreaction. .
- it may be bonded to the 2- or 3-position of the benzene ring, or may have a functional group at the 2-, Z- or 3-position together with the 4-position. ⁇ Chemical 5 _i
- Part of the C—C bond of the hydrocarbon group of (1) and (2) is C—0—C ( Ether)
- a functional group substituted by a bond or C-C0-C- (carbonyl) bond, and the hydrogen bonded to the carbon within 8 from the terminal is substituted by fluorine.
- substituents those having a functional group that expands a conjugate structure when bonded to a chalcone skeleton and an electron donating functional group are particularly preferable in practical use.
- the chalcone derivative to which such a functional group is bonded has a light absorption peak wavelength near 365 nm, which is the i-line of an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp.
- a divalent functional group (A 2 ) connecting the —S i X group (where X is a halogen or an alkoxyl group or an isocyanate group) and a chalcone skeleton for chemisorption is used.
- a functional group that is divalent due to the absence of one terminal atom of the substituent is appropriate. However, it is not limited to these.
- the photosensitive wavelength range is in the deep ultraviolet / ultraviolet region (200 to 400 nm), and the visible light (400 to 700 nm) (0 nm) region
- a compound that is colorless and transparent is suitable as a material for a liquid crystal alignment film.
- a chalcone derivative may be used as a starting material. It may be synthesized from the chalcone skeleton itself.
- an alcohol of a benzaldehyde having a desired functional group at the 4-position to be introduced into the 4-position of the chalcone skeleton and a substance having a benzoyl group is used. Preference is given to using the Dole condensation reaction (and including the dehydration reaction).
- a chalcone derivative is used as a starting material, it is preferable to use a chalcone derivative having a desired functional group at the 4-position to be introduced at the 4-position of the chalcone skeleton. The details of the manufacturing method will be described in the following examples.
- FIG. 5-1 is a synthetic reaction formula (a)-(c) in Example 5-1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 5-2 is an 'H NMR spectrum chart of the compound synthesized in Example 5-1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 5-3 is an ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum chart of the compound synthesized in Example 5-1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 5-4 is a gas chromatograph of the compound synthesized in Example 5-1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 5-5 is an ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum chart of a thin film produced using the compound synthesized in Example 5-1 of the present invention.
- this substance was dissolved in black-mouthed form, and the ultraviolet and visible absorption spectra were measured. The results are shown in Figure 5.3. As is clear from Fig. 5-3, there was no absorption in the visible light range. On the other hand, absorption was confirmed in the ultraviolet region having a peak at 340 nm. This proved that this substance had a strong absorption in the deep ultraviolet and ultraviolet regions.
- a thin film was formed using the substance represented by the above (Chemical Formula 5-5) as follows, and the properties of the thin film were analyzed.
- the contact angle of the thin film formed on the glass substrate with water was measured to be 64 °. Further, when the thickness was measured using an ellipsometer (with a refractive index of 1.45), it was about 2.6 nm.
- polarized light to the thin film surface of the thin-film-coated substrate prepared above after the (3 6 5 nm, the light intensity 2. 1 mW / cm z) 4 8 0 m J / cm 2 was irradiated, a thin film surface on the inner side After superimposing them with a gap of 20; um and sealing the periphery, a nematic liquid crystal (ZL147992, manufactured by Merck) is injected into the gap between the substrates, and the polarizing plate and the transmitted light When the presence or absence of liquid crystal molecule alignment was examined using, it was confirmed that the liquid crystal molecules were aligned in the polarization direction.
- a nematic liquid crystal ZL147992, manufactured by Merck
- Example 5-6 The same reaction was carried out as in Example 5-1 except that 4-Butylbenzaldehyde was used instead of 4-Methoxybenzaldehyde in reaction step 1. As a result, the final yield was 65.5%, and a substance represented by the following (Chem. 5-6) was obtained.
- Example 5-1 all reactions were performed in the same manner as in Reaction Step 1 except that 4-Fuluorobenzaldehyde was used in place of 4-1 ⁇ 111 ( ⁇ 7 & 611231 ( ⁇ 1 ⁇ 1
- F- ⁇ -CH CH-C- ⁇ -0- (CH2) 6-0-SiCl3
- Example 5-1 The same reaction was carried out in Example 5-1 except that 4-Perfuluorobutylbenzaldehyde was used instead of 4-Methoxybenzaldehyde in the reaction step 1. As a result, the final yield was 54.2%, — The substance shown in 8) was obtained.
- a photosensitive group that is transparent and stable in the visible light region, reacts with light in the ultraviolet region, and serves as an adsorption site when a chemisorption method is used.
- a chemically adsorbed substance having one SiX group (X is a halogen or alkoxyl group or an isocyanate group) that functions as a base can be provided.
- X is a halogen or alkoxyl group or an isocyanate group
- the invention relating to the liquid crystal alignment film of the sixth invention group is directed to a substrate having a thin film containing a chemisorbing substance having a characteristic group represented by (Chem. 6-1) in the molecular structure. It is characterized in that it is bonded or fixed by one Si—0—bond directly or with another material layer interposed on the surface.
- the liquid crystal alignment film having the above-mentioned configuration is further formed as a monomolecular thin film and has a liquid crystal alignment regulating force capable of aligning liquid crystal molecules in a specific direction. Further, it is preferable that the film thickness be 0.5 nm or more and less than 10 nm. Since the monomolecular layer thin film is extremely thin, it does not impede light transmission and has only a very small degree of obstructing the electric field, so that a liquid crystal display element which is excellent in luminance and can be driven with a small voltage can be realized.
- the ideal monolayer means a layer in which the individual constituent molecules are arranged along the substrate surface and there is no overlapping of molecules, but it is actually difficult to form a complete monolayer. is there.
- the object of the present invention can be sufficiently achieved even if it is not a complete monolayer. Therefore, the “monolayer-like thin film” in the present invention may be any thin film that can be generally recognized as a monolayer. For example, there may be a portion in which a non-adsorbed molecule rides on the adsorbed molecule adsorbed on the substrate to form a multi-molecular layer, and the molecule itself is not directly bonded and fixed to the substrate, but is directly bonded to the molecule.
- Thin film means a layer of about 5 nm or less.
- A, in (Chemical formula 6-1) is preferably bonded to 4 of the benzene ring of the chalcone skeleton shown in the following formula (6-2), and A, in (Chemical formula 6-1) is preferable. Therefore, a characteristic group represented by the following formula 6-3 or 4 is preferred.
- k is an integer of 1 or more and 18 or less
- m and n are integers of 0 or more and 37 or less
- the liquid crystal alignment film having the above structure can be composed of only one kind of chemisorbed substance having the characteristic group represented by the above (Chemical Formula 6-1), and the property represented by the above (Chemical 6-1) It can also be composed of two types of chemisorbed substances having a group. Further, it can be composed of one or more kinds of chemisorbed substances having the characteristic groups represented by the above (Chemical 6-1) and other chemical substances. And, in any aspect However, even if any of the materials constituting the liquid crystal alignment film (thin film) has a linear alkyl skeleton, a linear siloxane skeleton or a linear fluoroalkyl skeleton, A film can be formed, which is not preferable. If the film is uniform, high orientation can be realized.
- the liquid crystal alignment film having the above configuration may have a liquid crystal alignment control force for aligning liquid crystal molecules in a certain direction, and may have a liquid crystal alignment control force for aligning liquid crystal molecules in a plurality of different directions.
- the liquid crystal alignment direction is different for each of the small sections into which one pixel unit is divided, and more preferably, the small sections are formed in a pattern. It should be formed. This is because an alignment film having such alignment characteristics can realize a liquid crystal display element having a wide viewing angle.
- the above-mentioned liquid crystal alignment film is obtained by bringing a thin film material containing a chemisorbing substance represented by Chemical Formula 6-5 into contact with a substrate surface having at least an electrode, and chemically adsorbing the thin film material on the substrate surface.
- the liquid crystal alignment film can be manufactured by a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal alignment film, comprising: a thin film forming step of forming a monomolecular layer thin film on the substrate; and an alignment processing step of performing an alignment process on the thin film.
- A1 is a functional group attached to the benzene ring of the chalcone skeleton
- A2 is a divalent functional group
- X is a halogen or alkoxyl group
- a compound in which At is bonded to the 4-position of the benzene ring is preferable, and A is represented by the following formula 6-3 or 6-4. It is preferable that a specific group is bonded. ⁇ ⁇ '6-3
- k is an integer of 1 or more and 18 or less
- m and n are integers of 0 or more and 37 or less
- k is an integer from 1 to 18;
- m is a number from 37 to 37;
- a thin film material composed of one or more chemical adsorbing substances having a functional group as described above can be used. It is also possible to use a thin film material in combination with the above compound.
- a thin film material is composed of multiple types of compounds having different chemical and physical properties, the heat resistance of the thin film, the density of the thin film, the orientation control power, the solubility in solvents, the sensitivity to polarized light, the adsorption power to substrates, etc. Can be changed, and an alignment film having desired characteristics can be obtained.
- the substrate surface on which the thin film is formed is washed with an organic solvent to remove excess thin film material. Steps may be added.
- a non-proton-based solvent is preferable in terms of detergency, but a mixed solution of a non-proton-based solvent and a proton-based solvent may be used.
- a mixed solvent the ability to dissolve the thin film material can be adjusted appropriately, and the evaporation rate of the solvent is controlled. Because you can control it.
- Examples of the alignment treatment in the above-mentioned manufacturing method include a liquid drainage drying method and a polarized light irradiation method described below.
- the liquid drainage drying method is a method in which an organic solvent is brought into contact with the surface of a substrate on which a film is formed, and then the organic solvent is drained and dried in a certain direction. According to this method, molecules constituting the thin film can be temporarily oriented.
- the solvent used in the draining and drying method the above-mentioned organic solvent for washing can be suitably used. Therefore, by washing the substrate in a certain direction and draining and drying the organic solvent remaining on the substrate surface, the substrate surface can be cleaned and pre-aligned to the thin film constituent molecules. become.
- the polarized light irradiation method is a method of irradiating polarized light to a substrate surface on which a thin film is formed.
- the molecular phases constituting the thin film can be chemically bonded (cross-linked) in a specific direction by light energy, and an alignment regulating force capable of aligning liquid crystal molecules can be imparted to the thin film. Since this alignment regulating force is generated when molecules are connected to each other by a chemical bond, it is excellent in thermal stability, chemical stability, and the like.
- the polarized light irradiation method it is preferable to perform irradiation several times while changing the light intensity and the Z or the wavelength.
- constituent molecules can be chemically bonded to each other without increasing the temperature of the irradiated surface.
- first irradiation is performed with polarized light on the short wavelength side closer to the absorption peak to promote the crosslinking reaction to a certain extent, and then performed using polarized light having a longer wavelength than the first irradiation, light irradiation can be performed.
- the polarized light irradiation method can be performed a plurality of times by changing the incident angle to the substrate, and according to this method, the pretilt angle can be changed.
- the polarized light irradiation can be performed by using polarized light having a different polarization direction for each irradiation and changing the irradiation section for each irradiation.
- the polarized light When the thin film is irradiated with polarized light, the polarized light mainly acts on a light-sensitive atom-to-atom bond portion parallel to the polarization direction to cause a cross-linking reaction at the bond portion. Therefore, when polarized light having a different polarization direction is used for each irradiation and irradiation is performed such that the irradiation section changes for each irradiation, a plurality of sections having different bonding directions between molecules can be formed. In this method, it is preferable that the section be smaller than one pixel unit. In this way, a multi-domain alignment film having a wide viewing angle can be manufactured.
- each element of light intensity, wavelength, number of irradiations, incident angle of light on the substrate, and irradiation pattern it is preferable to comprehensively control each element of light intensity, wavelength, number of irradiations, incident angle of light on the substrate, and irradiation pattern.
- these elements are appropriately controlled, it becomes possible to produce an alignment film having desired alignment characteristics.
- a method of temporarily aligning by a draining-drying method, and then irradiating polarized light to reorient can be adopted.
- This method is particularly preferable because desired alignment characteristics (alignment direction, alignment regulating force, pretilt angle, etc.) can be reliably and stably provided. The reason why it is possible to obtain an alignment film having a strong alignment regulating force by irradiating polarized light after provisional alignment has not been sufficiently clarified, but it has been experimentally confirmed.
- the polarization direction of the polarized light and the temporary alignment direction do not completely intersect at 90 ', but are somewhat preferable. It is better to shift by more than a few degrees. This is because, when the polarized light is irradiated with the temporary orientation direction and the polarization direction orthogonal to each other, the constituent molecules may be randomly oriented in two directions.
- the following configuration can be further employed as a method for producing a liquid crystal alignment film according to the present invention. That is, a thin film material containing a chemisorbed substance represented by Chemical Formula 6-5 Forming a monomolecular film on the substrate by bringing the material into contact with at least the surface of the substrate having the electrodes, and causing the thin film material to chemically adsorb to the surface of the substrate; After the organic solvent is brought into contact with the formed substrate surface, the organic solvent is drained in a certain direction and dried, thereby temporarily aligning molecules constituting the thin film, and polarizing the temporarily aligned substrate surface.
- a thin film material containing a chemisorbed substance represented by Chemical Formula 6-5 Forming a monomolecular film on the substrate by bringing the material into contact with at least the surface of the substrate having the electrodes, and causing the thin film material to chemically adsorb to the surface of the substrate; After the organic solvent is brought into contact with the formed substrate surface, the organic solvent is drained in
- a method for producing a liquid crystal alignment film comprising: irradiating light to cross-link molecules constituting the thin film to thereby reorient the molecules constituting the thin film.
- the alignment process is repeated two or more times to produce a multi-domain liquid crystal alignment film in which the liquid crystal alignment regulation direction is different for each of a plurality of subdivided pixel units in a pattern. In the way That.
- the temporary alignment step and the realignment step are performed repeatedly, but as described above, the method of irradiating polarized light after the temporary alignment causes the light to be reoriented more efficiently by irradiation with polarized light. be able to.
- the state once re-aligned by the crosslinking reaction does not deteriorate even if the liquid is dried again.
- Drain drying (temporary alignment) Polarized light irradiation in units of dividing one pixel
- Drain Drying (temporary alignment) ⁇ Repeatedly irradiating polarized light to other division units that divide one pixel.
- a liquid crystal alignment film can be manufactured.
- the liquid crystal display device using the liquid crystal alignment film as described above can have the following configuration. That is, in a liquid crystal display element having a structure in which at least two substrates having electrodes are opposed to each other with the electrode side inside and a liquid crystal is sealed between the two substrates, at least one of the substrates is provided on the surface of one of the substrates.
- a liquid crystal display element characterized in that a liquid crystal alignment film containing a chemisorbed substance having a characteristic group represented by (Chem. 6-1) in the molecular structure is fixed and fixed by one Si 10-bond. It can be.
- the surface of the substrate on which the electrode and the counter electrode are formed has a molecular structure (Chem. 1) Chemical absorption having a characteristic group represented by A liquid crystal display element characterized in that the liquid crystal alignment film containing the deposition substance is fixedly bonded by —Si 10 — bonds.
- the liquid crystal alignment according to the present invention The same as described in the description of the membrane. Therefore, although a detailed description is omitted here, it is preferable to use a monomolecular thin film in the structure of the liquid crystal display element because light transmission and an electric field are not hindered. Since a wide viewing angle can be obtained, it is preferable to use a multi-domain type liquid crystal alignment film which is different for each small section divided by one liquid crystal orientation direction and tilt angle.
- the thin film material may be directly bonded and fixed to the substrate having the electrode by Si 10 -bonding, but another material layer is formed on the electrode surface, Bonding and immobilization can also be performed by bonding Si 10 to the material layer.
- a layer made of a hydrophilic material such as an OH group, a COOH group, an NH 2 group, an NH group, and an SH group is preferable. i 0 2 layers, T i 0 2 layers, and others.
- the liquid crystal alignment film of the present invention is characterized in that a thin film containing a chemisorbing substance having a characteristic group represented by the following (Chemical Formula 6-1) is directly or hydrophilically formed on a substrate having an electrode by one Si-0-bond. This liquid crystal alignment film is bonded and fixed via the eyebrow of another substance having a group.
- This liquid crystal alignment film is obtained by dissolving a thin film material containing a chemisorbed substance having a characteristic group represented by, for example, Chemical Formula 6-5 in an organic solvent. It can be manufactured by bringing this into contact with the substrate surface. Al ⁇ 6-1
- Al is a functional group attached to the benzene ring of the chalcone skeleton
- A2 is a divalent functional group
- X is a halogen or alkoxyl group
- the chalcone skeleton (the two basic skeletons of which are shown in Chemical formulas 6-6) generally has high photoreactivity, and in particular, the above-mentioned case where a specific substituent is bonded to two benzene rings.
- the chalcone derivative shown in Chemical formula 6-5 has extremely high photoreactivity and chemisorption. Therefore, according to the above configuration using the chemical adsorption substance of Chemical formula 6-5, a monomolecular layer-like thin film chemically adsorbed on the substrate surface can be easily formed. By irradiating this thin film with light, an intermolecular crosslinking reaction can be easily caused.
- the thin film (orientation film) obtained by chemically adsorbing the chemically adsorbed substance of Chemical formula 6-5 on the substrate surface is extremely thin and strongly bonded and fixed to the substrate, and this thin film is not made of a polymer material.
- a liquid crystal alignment film it does not interfere with light transmission and does not work as an electric resistance film. Moreover, it can exert a strong alignment regulating force on the liquid crystal molecules, and has excellent thermal stability. Therefore, the object of the present invention can be sufficiently achieved.
- the substituent A 1 in the above configuration is preferably bonded to the 4-position of the benzene ring, but may be bonded to the 2-, 3-, and-positions.
- one of the 2′-position, 3′-position and 4′-position of the other benzene ring has a functional group that chemically adsorbs to the substrate.
- a characteristic group containing one SiX group can be exemplified.
- chalcone derivative to which such a functional group is bonded has a light absorption peak wavelength near 3655 rim which is the i-line of an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp.
- a divalent functional group which is indispensable for chemically adsorbing the above compound to the substrate and linking the SiX group (where X is a halogen or an alkoxyl group) with the chalcone skeleton is as described above.
- the substituents described in (1) to (13) are suitably functional groups that lose one terminal atom and become divalent, but are not limited thereto.
- the above compound can be synthesized from the chalcone basic skeleton itself represented by the above formula 6-6, but may also be synthesized using a chalcone derivative as a starting material.
- a chalcone derivative as a starting material.
- an aldol condensation reaction between a benzaldehyde having a desired functional group at the 4-position of the chalcone skeleton and a substance having a benzoyl group this (Including the dehydration reaction following).
- chalcone having a desired functional group it is preferable to use chalcone having a desired functional group to be introduced at the 4-position of the galcon skeleton at the 4-position.
- the present invention is not limited to these synthesis methods.
- the thin film (orientation film precursor) according to the present invention can be prepared by bringing a solution in which the above-mentioned chemisorbed substance is dissolved in a non-aqueous solvent into contact with a substrate having at least an electrode.
- the substrate having the electrodes is preferably immersed.
- the non-aqueous solvent for example, a non-aqueous organic solvent containing an alkyl group, a carbon fluoride group, a carbon chloride group, or a siloxane group can be used.
- a solution containing another compound together with the above-mentioned chemisorbing substance By using a solution containing another compound together with the above-mentioned chemisorbing substance, a thin film composed of two or more kinds of composite components can be produced.
- Films made using the above chemisorbed substances are often washed to remove unadsorbed compounds, and non-proton based solvents are preferred as cleaning agents.
- a solvent may be used, or a mixed solvent obtained by mixing both may be used. According to the method of mixing the non-proton-based solvent and the proton-based solvent, there is an advantage that the ability to dissolve the compound can be appropriately adjusted.
- non-protonic solvents examples include chlorinated solvents such as black form, aromatic solvents such as benzene and toluene, lactone solvents such as 7-butyl lactone, and ester solvents such as ethyl acetate.
- Suitable solvents are alcohol solvents such as methanol and ethanol. However, it is a matter of course that the present invention is not limited to these solvents.
- an alignment treatment method for example, a method in which a solvent is attached to the film surface, and then the liquid is drained in a certain direction and dried. More specifically, the formed substrate is immersed in a solvent tank containing the solvent described above for a certain time so that the liquid surface and the substrate are substantially perpendicular to each other, and then the substrate is substantially perpendicular to the solvent layer. There is a method in which the solvent is pulled up and dried in this state, or a method in which the solvent is dried after flowing the solvent from above a substantially vertical substrate. According to these methods, the solvent gradually falls downward from the upper end of the wet surface, and the drying proceeds from above to below.
- the constituent molecules can be oriented along the direction of the drying, and the excess constituent molecules that are not bonded to the substrate can be washed away.
- the orientation by draining and drying is referred to as temporary orientation. Since the tentative orientation is not due to intermolecular bonding, the orientation force is weaker than the method using polarized light irradiation described below.
- a method of irradiating polarized light to the substrate surface on which the thin film is formed can be exemplified.
- photoenergy acts on the light-sensitive atom-atom bond portion of the molecules constituting the thin film parallel to the polarization direction, causing a chemical reaction of the portion to cause a chemical reaction.
- Molecular interaction Is subjected to a crosslinking reaction to impart a liquid crystal alignment regulating force in a certain direction. According to this method, alignment characteristics with excellent stability can be provided. In this specification, this orientation method is referred to as re-orientation.
- linearly polarized light is preferable because intermolecular bonding is performed in a certain direction.
- a method of obtaining linearly polarized light a method of obtaining through a commonly used absorption type polarizing plate, a method of obtaining through a non-absorption type polarization separation element such as a polarizing beam splitter, or the like is used. be able to.
- the polarized light wavelength may be any wavelength at which the film material causes a photoreaction, and usually, light in the ultraviolet region is used.
- the temperature at the time of exposure a temperature from around room temperature to around 100 ° C. is usually used, but a temperature outside this range may be used. Note that the alignment treatment method applicable to the present invention is not limited to the above.
- the properties such as the pretilt angle and the alignment direction of the liquid crystal alignment film according to the present invention can be changed by changing the kind of the compound constituting the coating within the range specified in the present invention.
- it can be changed by changing the type of solvent and drying conditions, and in the polarized light irradiation method, it can be changed by changing the irradiation conditions of polarized light.
- it is particularly effective to change the irradiation condition of the polarized light, for example, the amount of irradiation energy of the polarized light, the irradiation angle, the number of irradiations, and the like.
- Nematic liquid crystal in the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, nematic liquid crystal, smectic liquid crystal, discotic liquid crystal, ferroelectric liquid crystal and the like can be used.
- Nematic liquid crystal can be preferably used particularly in view of molecular shape.
- Nematic liquid crystals include, for example, biphenyl-based, terphenyl-based, azoxy-based, Schiff-based, x-n-cyclohexane-based, biphenylcyclohexane-based, ester-based, and pyrimidine-based liquid crystals. System, dioxane system, bicyclooctane system, cubane system and the like.
- FIG. 6-1 is a conceptual diagram for explaining a chemical adsorption step for producing a monolayer thin film according to the present invention.
- FIG. 6-2 is a conceptual diagram for explaining the step of cleaning a monomolecular thin film according to the present invention.
- Figure 6-3 is a conceptual diagram of the alignment process in which the constituent molecules of the thin film are realigned by light irradiation.
- FIG. 6-4 is a conceptual diagram for explaining the orientation state of the constituent molecules of the thin film after light irradiation.
- FIG. 6-5 is a cell cross-sectional view for explaining the liquid crystal cell of Example 6-1.
- FIG. 6-6 is a cell cross-sectional view for explaining the liquid crystal cells of Examples 6-5.
- FIG. 6-7 is a diagram schematically showing a cross section of the liquid crystal display device in Example 6-6.
- a chlorosilane-based chemisorbent (also referred to as a chlorosilane-based surfactant) represented by the following (Chem. 6-7) containing a carbon chain and having a chalcone skeleton and Si at the terminal or part of the carbon chain. ) was synthesized in the same manner as in the fifth example 5-1. ⁇ '' 6-7
- a glass substrate having a transparent electrode made of indium tin oxide on the surface and a SiO 2 layer formed thereon was thoroughly washed and degreased beforehand to obtain a substrate 1.
- a siloxane-based solvent Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. 7
- a chemisorption liquid 2 having a concentration of 1% by weight.
- This mixed solvent is a non-proton solvent.
- the substrate 1 was immersed (may be coated) in the chemical adsorption solution 2 for about 1 hour in a dry atmosphere having a relative humidity of 30% or less. Thereafter, the chemisorption solution 2 is rinsed by pouring into a well-dehydrated non-proton solvent, which is a non-proton solvent (cleaning solution). Thereafter, the substrate 1 is placed in a direction parallel to gravity (upward). The withdrawn liquid was drained (Fig. 6-2), and the substrate was exposed to air containing water while standing.
- a non-proton solvent cleaning solution
- a HC1 removal reaction occurs between the SiC1 group of the chemisorbed substance (chlorosilane-based surfactant) and the hydroxyl group on the substrate surface, and further reacts with water in the air to form a chemical.
- the compounds shown in 6-8 are formed. 6-8
- a molecule of a chemically adsorbed substance (a chlorosilane-based surfactant) (hereinafter referred to as a constituent molecule) is fixed (chemisorbed) to a hydroxyl group on the substrate surface via a siloxane bond.
- a thin film was formed on the molecular layer. The thickness of this thin film was about 25 nm when the refractive index was 1.45 in a thickness measurement using an ellipsometer.
- a similar operation was performed on the substrate on which the counter electrode was formed to prepare a counter substrate on which the thin film was formed.
- one end of the constituent molecules of the thin film prepared above was chemically adsorbed on the substrate surface, The other end is oriented to some extent along the draining direction.
- the reason that the constituent molecules are oriented to some extent by the above-mentioned method is that the substrate is set in a certain direction and the liquid is dried and dried. Note that the orientation by this method is referred to as temporary orientation.
- the thin film that has been temporarily aligned is polarized in a direction almost parallel to the draining direction 5.
- 37 Lay the polarizing plate 7 (HNP'B; manufactured by Volaroid Co., Ltd.) so that the direction 6 is oriented, and use a 500 W high-pressure mercury lamp to emit UV light at 365 nm (light intensity 2. 1 mWZ cm 2 ) was irradiated at 480 mJ (Fig. 6-3).
- the above-prepared substrate 1 and the counter substrate are superposed on each other with the alignment film surfaces facing each other, and are overlapped with a spacer at a gap of 2 O / zm, and the nematic liquid crystal 9 (ZLI 47 9 2; manufactured by Merck) to form a liquid crystal cell.
- the two substrates were arranged such that the direction of drainage of each substrate was opposite (antiparallel state).
- FIG. 6-5 The orientation of liquid crystal molecules in this liquid crystal cell is schematically shown in FIG. 6-5.
- reference numeral 10 denotes a transparent electrode
- 11 denotes a chemisorption film layer.
- Example 6-2 irradiation with ultraviolet light was performed through a patterned mask to produce a liquid crystal alignment film having a different alignment direction in each region.
- Example 6 2 and Example 6-1 differ only in the ultraviolet light irradiation conditions, and therefore the description will focus on the ultraviolet light irradiation conditions here.
- a thin film was formed on a substrate in the same manner as in Example 6-1 and the constituent molecules were provisionally oriented.
- the above thin film was irradiated with ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 365 nm at 400 to 80 OmJ, and Example 6-1 In the same manner as in the above, a liquid crystal cell was produced.
- Example 6-3 the positional relationship between the thin film surface and the polarization direction was changed through a mask prepared so that polarized light was irradiated to a small section obtained by dividing one pixel unit into a plurality of sections.
- a liquid crystal cell was prepared in the same manner as in Examples 6-1 and 2 except that irradiation with ultraviolet light was performed four times.
- Example 6-3 The liquid crystal cell according to Example 6-3 was also examined for liquid crystal alignment characteristics using the same method as above, and it was confirmed that a liquid crystal cell with multi-domain alignment was formed in one pixel. did it.
- Example 6-1 except that a compound represented by the following (Chem. 6-10) was used as a chemisorbed substance (chlorosilane-based surfactant) having a chalcone skeleton and a Si group. In the same manner as in the above, a liquid crystal cell was produced.
- Example 6-5 a transparent electrode 12 made of indium tin oxide was formed on a glass plate (having a hydroxyl group on the surface), and a 5-nm thick SiO 2 layer was further formed thereon. A substrate 2 on which 13 was formed was prepared, and a thin film 14 was formed on the surface of the substrate 2 using the chemical adsorption substance shown in the above (Chemical Formula 6-10).
- the liquid crystal cell of Example 6-5 was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 6-4.
- Figures 6-6 show conceptual diagrams of this liquid crystal cell.
- Example 6 a liquid crystal display device was manufactured using the liquid crystal alignment film as described above. Hereinafter, the manufacturing process of the liquid crystal display device will be described with reference to FIGS.
- first electrode group 21 placed in a matrix and a TFT (Thin Film Transistor) group 22 driving this electrode.
- TFT Thin Film Transistor
- a chemically adsorbed liquid prepared according to the same procedure as in Example 6-1 was applied to prepare a similar chemically adsorbed monomolecular film.
- liquid crystal alignment films 23 and 27 which were realigned along the electrode pattern as in Example 6-1 were produced.
- the first and second substrates 20 and 24 are positioned so that the electrodes face each other, and a gap of 4.5 micron is formed with a spacer 29 and an adhesive 30.
- a cell with a 90 ° twist orientation was prepared.
- the first and second substrates are Inject TN liquid crystal (ZLI 4792; made by Merck) 28 to make a liquid crystal display element, and further arrange polarizing plates 31 and 32 on both outer sides of this element, and the first substrate side
- the liquid crystal display was completed by arranging the backlight 33 on the LCD.
- the tilt angle of the liquid crystal display element was measured in the same manner as in Example 6-1, the tilt angle was about 5 degrees.
- each transistor was driven using a video signal while irradiating the backlight 33 from the first substrate side of this apparatus, a clear image with excellent brightness was obtained in the direction of arrow A. could be displayed.
- Example 6-5 After a thin film similar to that of Example 6-5 was prepared, a step of exposing the polarizing plate with a checkerboard mask for dividing each pixel into four was performed four times in the same manner as in Example 6-3. . Except for this, the liquid crystal display device of Example 6-7 was fabricated in the same manner as in Examples 6-6.
- the chemically adsorbed monomolecular film having the orientation is formed on each of the pair of substrates on which the electrodes are formed, but the chemically adsorbed monomolecular film having the orientation is formed only on one of the substrates. Is also good. However, in order to enhance the orientation stability, it is preferable to form a chemically adsorbed monomolecular film having orientation on both substrates.
- the force using a chemisorbent having a chlorosilane group ⁇ a chemisorbent in which an alkoxysilane group or an isocyanate silane group is introduced instead of the chlorosilane group can also be used.
- Orientation control 7 A liquid crystal alignment film with excellent force and chemical adsorption to the substrate can be obtained.
- a black mouth form was used as a water-free cleaning solvent.
- a non-aqueous solvent capable of dissolving a chemically adsorbed substance (surfactant) is used.
- Any solvent can be used. Examples of such a solvent include a solvent containing a carbon fluoride group, a carbon chloride group, or a siloxane group, and more specifically, Freon 113, chloroform, hexamethyldisiloxane, and the like. it can.
- light of 365 nm from an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp was used for exposure, but this is not a limitation.
- Light of 436 nm, 405 urn, 25 nm, or 248 nm obtained by a KrF excimer laser can be used.
- 248 nm and 254 nm of light are easily absorbed by the chemisorbed thin film according to the present invention, so that they are excellent in energy orientation efficiency.
- the liquid crystal alignment film according to the present invention contains a chemical bond unit represented by Chemical Formula 6-9, and an alignment film containing a chemical bond unit represented by Chemical Formula 6-9 is formed by using a twisted nematic (TN) film.
- TN twisted nematic
- the chemisorbed substance containing the chemical bond unit represented by Chemical formula 6-9 is generally dissolved in a non-aqueous organic solvent containing an alkyl group, a carbon fluoride group, a carbon chloride group or a siloxane group. Therefore, these organic solvents can be preferably used when preparing the chemical adsorption solution. 6-9
- a liquid crystal display element in which a pair of substrates having electrodes are overlapped is described.
- an alignment film having various alignment characteristics can be formed without performing rubbing.
- the present invention relates to an in-plane (IPS) type liquid crystal display element in which electrodes are formed on only one substrate. It can be suitably applied.
- IPS in-plane
- a thin film can be formed by using another chemisorbent, for example, a complex chemisorbent mixed with octadecyl trichlorosilane, in addition to the chemisorbent used in the above example.
- the pretilt angle can be changed by blending.
- a significantly thinner and more uniform thin film can be formed as compared with a conventional organic high molecular thin film.
- the constituent molecules are strongly bonded and fixed to the substrate by chemisorption, and the constituent molecules are cross-linked to each other, thereby expressing an orientation having excellent thermal stability.
- the thin film when a simple liquid drainage drying method or a polarized light irradiation method using far ultraviolet rays or ultraviolet rays is applied to the above thin film, the thin film has desired liquid crystal alignment characteristics, and does not impair the visible light transmittance and the electric field for driving the liquid crystal.
- the liquid crystal alignment film according to the present invention is obtained. Further, the method of manufacturing a liquid crystal alignment film of the present invention, in which a thin film is formed and then exposed to a polarizing plate a plurality of times through a patterned mask. The membrane can be produced very efficiently.
- liquid crystal alignment film according to the present invention, a liquid crystal display device having excellent display performance can be provided, and a multi-domain liquid crystal display device in which the alignment direction differs for each of the divided small partitions.
- an in-type liquid crystal alignment film By using an in-type liquid crystal alignment film, a liquid crystal display device having a wide viewing angle can be realized.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/269,636 US6495221B1 (en) | 1997-07-31 | 1998-07-31 | Chemisorptive substance, aligned liquid-crystal film and liquid-crystal display element both made by using the same, and processes for producing these |
EP98935322A EP0962460A4 (en) | 1997-07-31 | 1998-07-31 | CHEMISORPTION SUBSTANCE, ALIGNED LIQUID CRYSTAL FILM, AND LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY MADE THEREFROM, MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF |
Applications Claiming Priority (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP9/205938 | 1997-07-31 | ||
JP20593797 | 1997-07-31 | ||
JP9/205937 | 1997-07-31 | ||
JP9205938A JPH1149781A (ja) | 1997-07-31 | 1997-07-31 | 4´−置換カルコン誘導体とその製造方法 |
JP29130797A JPH11125822A (ja) | 1997-10-23 | 1997-10-23 | 液晶配向膜用化学吸着物質とその製造方法 |
JP29130897A JPH11125823A (ja) | 1997-10-23 | 1997-10-23 | 液晶配向膜とその製造方法およびそれを用いた液晶表示装置とその製造方法 |
JP9/291308 | 1997-10-23 | ||
JP9/291307 | 1997-10-23 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1999006415A1 true WO1999006415A1 (fr) | 1999-02-11 |
Family
ID=27476281
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP1998/003437 WO1999006415A1 (fr) | 1997-07-31 | 1998-07-31 | Substance a chimisorption, film de cristaux liquides alignes et afficheur a cristaux liquides faits de cette substance, procede de fabrication correspondant |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US6495221B1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0962460A4 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100376368B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1113886C (ja) |
TW (1) | TW539901B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1999006415A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
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EP1067132A2 (en) * | 1999-07-05 | 2001-01-10 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Chemical adsorbate compound, organic film, liquid crystal alignment film and liquid crystal display device utilizing the chemical adsorbate compound |
WO2001002510A1 (en) * | 1999-07-05 | 2001-01-11 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Chemically adsorbable substance for forming thin film, and method for producing the same and use of the same |
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TW555790B (en) | 2000-12-26 | 2003-10-01 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Conductive organic thin film, process for producing the same, and organic photoelectronic device, electric wire, and electrode aech employing the same |
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US7074344B2 (en) * | 2001-10-03 | 2006-07-11 | Jsr Corporation | Liquid crystal aligning agent and liquid crystal display element |
JP2004053896A (ja) * | 2002-07-19 | 2004-02-19 | Sharp Corp | 表示装置 |
JP2006317656A (ja) * | 2005-05-12 | 2006-11-24 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | 異方性光学素子 |
US7700000B2 (en) * | 2005-11-23 | 2010-04-20 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Silicon derivative, liquid crystal composition comprising the same and compensation film using the same liquid crystal composition |
GB2456298A (en) | 2008-01-07 | 2009-07-15 | Anthony Ian Newman | Electroluminescent materials comprising oxidation resistant fluorenes |
GB0802916D0 (en) | 2008-02-18 | 2008-03-26 | Newman Anthony I | Materials |
US8865274B2 (en) * | 2010-04-02 | 2014-10-21 | Samsung Display Co., Ltd. | Liquid crystal display device, alignment film, and methods for manufacturing the same |
CN102643387B (zh) * | 2011-11-29 | 2014-09-10 | 北京京东方光电科技有限公司 | 一种液晶显示面板及其制备方法 |
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KR102014880B1 (ko) | 2012-12-28 | 2019-08-28 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | 표시 장치 및 이의 제조방법 |
CN104777673B (zh) * | 2015-04-24 | 2018-03-13 | 深圳市华星光电技术有限公司 | 显示面板及其制造方法 |
TW201820009A (zh) * | 2016-11-28 | 2018-06-01 | 日商捷恩智股份有限公司 | 不具有配向膜的液晶顯示元件的製造方法以及顯示裝置 |
CN110109293A (zh) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-08-09 | 深圳市华星光电技术有限公司 | 液晶无机配向薄膜的制造方法 |
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- 1998-07-31 KR KR10-1999-7002713A patent/KR100376368B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-07-31 TW TW087112664A patent/TW539901B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-07-31 WO PCT/JP1998/003437 patent/WO1999006415A1/ja not_active Application Discontinuation
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Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1067132A2 (en) * | 1999-07-05 | 2001-01-10 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Chemical adsorbate compound, organic film, liquid crystal alignment film and liquid crystal display device utilizing the chemical adsorbate compound |
WO2001002510A1 (en) * | 1999-07-05 | 2001-01-11 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Chemically adsorbable substance for forming thin film, and method for producing the same and use of the same |
EP1067132A3 (en) * | 1999-07-05 | 2002-04-17 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Chemical adsorbate compound, organic film, liquid crystal alignment film and liquid crystal display device utilizing the chemical adsorbate compound |
US6451392B1 (en) | 1999-07-05 | 2002-09-17 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Chemical adsorbate compound, organic film, liquid crystal alignment film, and liquid crystal display device utilizing the chemical adsorbate compound |
CN100338517C (zh) * | 1999-07-05 | 2007-09-19 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | 化学吸附物质以及用其制的液晶取向膜和液晶显示装置 |
EP1130072A4 (en) * | 1999-07-05 | 2007-10-24 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | CHEMICALLY ADSORBABLE SUBSTANCES FOR THE FORMATION OF THIN LAYERS AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING THE SAME |
CN100383644C (zh) * | 1999-07-05 | 2008-04-23 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | 化学吸附物质以及用其制的液晶取向膜和液晶显示装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR100376368B1 (ko) | 2003-03-15 |
KR20000068668A (ko) | 2000-11-25 |
TW539901B (en) | 2003-07-01 |
CN1236368A (zh) | 1999-11-24 |
US20030104145A1 (en) | 2003-06-05 |
US6495221B1 (en) | 2002-12-17 |
EP0962460A4 (en) | 2000-06-21 |
CN1113886C (zh) | 2003-07-09 |
EP0962460A1 (en) | 1999-12-08 |
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