WO1996030569A1 - Spinning dope and fibres spun therefrom - Google Patents
Spinning dope and fibres spun therefrom Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1996030569A1 WO1996030569A1 PCT/RU1995/000057 RU9500057W WO9630569A1 WO 1996030569 A1 WO1996030569 A1 WO 1996030569A1 RU 9500057 W RU9500057 W RU 9500057W WO 9630569 A1 WO9630569 A1 WO 9630569A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- aliphatic
- aromatic
- yarn
- formula
- spinning dope
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/88—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
- D01F6/90—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polyamides
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/88—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
- D01F6/90—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polyamides
- D01F6/905—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polyamides of aromatic polyamides
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of making synthetic yarns, in particular to synthetic yarns spun from sulphuric acid anisotropic solutions of rigid chain aromatic polyamides blended with aliphatic polyamides.
- Spinning dopes of sulphuric acid and aromatic and aliphatic polyamides, and fibres made thereof, are known from Japanese laid open No. 59163418-A, in which a spinning dope composed of 80-99 wt.% poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) and 1-20 wt.% aliphatic polyamide is described.
- the fibres prepared from said dope are particularly suitable for making paper.
- EP 392558 a biphasic solution (dope) of para-aramid polymer and a polymer that can be thermally consolidated, like polyhexamethylene adipamide or poly( ⁇ -caproamide), is mentioned.
- the fibres made thereof are considered suitable for the preparation of thermally shaped objects (prepregs).
- poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) fibres are known to have very high thermal stability and very high strength, there is a need to improve their other characteristics. In the prior art, such other characteristics were enhanced by the use of blends. However, this, in its turn, was found to result in a reduction of other beneficial properties of the fibres, such as their strength and/or abrasion resistance.
- a spinning dope composition comprising an aromatic and an aliphatic polyamide and concentrated sulphuric acid, and is characterized in that at least one of the aromatic and aliphatic polyamides is a copolymer built up of two aromatic and two aliphatic homopolymer units, respectively, the aromatic copolymer having the formula
- Such a spinning dope can be prepared by the method described in European Patent No. 021484, which is incorporated by reference.
- the aliphatic copolyamide is preferably applied in amounts of between 3 and 20 wt.%, based on the total amount of polymer present.
- the abrasion resistance of fibres made from the spinning dopes described in the prior art is not always as high as desired.
- the abrasion resistance of the fibres obtained from a spinning dope comprising an aromatic copolyamide of formula I and an aliphatic copolyamide of formula II was found to be superior to that of prior art fibre compositions and fibres substantially comprising poly(p-phenylene terephthal amide) polymer.
- the aliphatic copolyamide of formula II By use of the aliphatic copolyamide of formula II, up to 8 mass% with the remaining polymer amount of 92 wt.% being poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide), provides a yarn which has a strength of up to 2010-2059 mN/tex, whereas a comparable yarn of poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) polymer has a strength of about 2059 mN/tex.
- the yarn strength is increased when, together with the aliphatic copolyamide of formula II, an aromatic copolyamide of formula I is applied.
- a yarn strength of 2255 up to 2450 mN/tex was found.
- the amount of incorporated aliphatic copolyamides is 3-20 wt.% of the polymer blend.
- the fibre strength is found not to decrease when is use is made of a blend of an aromatic copolyamide of the formula I and an aliphatic polyamide such as polycaproamide or polyhexamethylene-adipamide (PA 6 and PA 66), contrary to what was found if a common PPDT (poly[p-phenylene terephthalamide]) and such an aliphatic polyamide were applied.
- the fibres made of the now found composition were found to have a low density, which is considered favourable in applications where both a low density and a very high yarn strength are required. This is in particular the case when the fibres are used for making reinforced plastics, reinforced rubber articles, and heat-insulation materials.
- the invention also encompasses a spinning dope of an aromatic copolyamide of one of the formulae I, an aliphatic polyamide comprising a component chosen from PA 6, PA 66, or a copolymer thereof, and concentrated sulphuric acid.
- a very beneficial spinning dope and fibres spun therefrom result when a spinning solution of an aromatic copolyamide according to one of the formulae I is used together with an aliphatic copolyamide according to formula II and concentrated sulphuric acid.
- the spinning dope preferably comprises 16-18.5 wt.% of the aromatic copolyamide, 1.5-4.0 wt.% of aliphatic copolyamide, and a balance amount of sulphuric acid.
- IV In ( ⁇ rel )/c, in which c is the concentration, was determined by a viscometric method on solutions containing 0,5 g of polymer in 100 ml of 96% sulphuric acid at 25°C.
- a 20%-dope was prepared in reactor with a capacity of 63 litres.
- Spinning was carried out by a dry-wet method through an air gap of about 10 mm, into a 10%-sulphuric acid spinning bath having a temperature of 8°C.
- the take-up yarn rate was 85 m/min, and the cup spinnerets of precious metal had a cup diameter of 28 mm, the number of holes being 1000 and the hole diameter being 0,07 mm.
- the draw ratio of the dope stream in the air gap was 8.1.
- the yarn was subjected to a washing step under a tension of 20-60 mN/tex. Further acid neutralization took place using an 0.02% solution of sodium hydroxide.
- the yarn was dried at about 120-150°C and taken up by a take-up device without any twist being applied after the spinning.
- the IV viscosity of the polymer blend in the yarn was 4.8 dl/g.
- the yarn was subjected to a twist of up to 80 twists per meter.
- the yarn's linear density was 167 tex, the tensile strength 2255 mN/tex, and the elongation at break 4.3%.
- the abrasion resistance was found to amount to 23 thousand cycles.
- the tensile strength of yarn being spun, under similar conditions to those indicated in Example 1, from a 20% solution of the same aromatic copolyamide as used in Example 1, and in the same way as indicated in Example 1, but this time without the addition of an aliphatic copolyamide to the solution was 2010 mN/tex.
- the abrasion resistance was 14 thousand cycles.
- Example 2-7 A yarn was spun by the same procedure as indicated in Example 1, with the same amount of the aromatic copolyamide of formula I being applied. Instead of the aliphatic polyamide of formula II, this time a similar amount of polycaproamide with an inherent viscosity IV of 1.2 dl/g was incorporated into the blend in the same way, and the yarn was spun under conditions similar to those of Example 1. The yarn obtained showed a tensile strength of 1990 mN/tex and an abrasion resistance of 12 thousand cycles. The adhesion was found to be superior to that of the yarns obtained in Example 1A. Examples 2-7
- spinning dopes were prepared, use being made of different dope compositions and polymers of a different structure.
- the 20 wt.% polymer-containing spinning dopes were prepared by mixing the polymer components with a 99.8%-sulphuric acid solution. After 4 hours of stirring in a mixer at 75°C the obtained anisotropic solution was fed, under vacuum, to a filter and subsequently to the spinning machine.
- the spinning of the yarns was carried out in the manner described in Example 1.
- the tensile strength of the yarns and their abrasion resistance were measured and are indicated in Table I.
- the specification and the amount of each of the polymers used are also indicated in Table I.
- the aromatic copolyamide is the copolyamide according to formula I.
- the inherent viscosity IV of the aromatic polyamide used was between 5.4 and 5.5 dl/g, the viscosity of the different aliphatic polyamides used was 1.2 dl/g.
- the viscosity of the polymer blend in the yarn was 4.8 dl/g, the yarn tensile strength was 2059 mN/tex, the elongation at break of the yarn 3.4%, and the abrasion resistance of the yarn 22 thousand cycles.
- Example 9 On repeating Example 9, except that polycaproamide and polyhexamethylene adipamide, both with an inherent viscosity IV of 1.2 dl/g, were used instead of an aliphatic copolyamide according to formula II, the resulting yarns showed a tensile strength of about 1441 mN/tex and an abrasion resistance of 8 thousand cycles.
- the solution from which these yarns were made had the following composition: 18.4/1.6/80 wt.% (poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide)/PA 6 or PA 6.6/sulphuric acid).
- anisotropic 20% polymer comprising spinning dope yarns were spun through a 5 mm air gap by the dry-wet spinning process for aramid fibres well-known per se in the art, into water of 10°C and at a yarn take-up speed of 120 m/min.
- the stream draw ratio in the air gap was 6.0.
- the spinnerets used had about 100 holes and a hole diameter of 0.08 mm.
- the wet yarn was taken up on a bobbin and the acid washed off. Next the yarn was dried at room tem-perature and twisted up to 150 twists/meter.
- the viscosity IV of the polymer blend in the yarn was 5.1 dl/g.
- the yarn's linear density was 29.4 tex, the density 1.35 g/cm 3 .
- the tensile strength of the yarn found, 2010 mN/tex corresponds to the tensile strength of a yarn not comprising any flexible chain polymer but spun, under the same conditions, from a 20% polymer comprising solution of rigid-chain polyamide.
- the bending resistance of the yarn prepared was found to be 14000-16000 cycles, whereas the bending resistance of the yarn not comprising the aliphatic polyamide was 2000 cycles.
- Spinning was carried out through an air gap of 7 mm into a 10%-sulphuric acid spinning bath of 60°C, at a yarn take-up speed of 70 m/min and through a spinneret comprising 1000 holes, the hole diameter being 0.07 mm, and the stream draw ratio in the air gap being 8.1.
- the yarn on the spinning machine was kept under a tension of 2.5 cN/tex and the acid was washed off, the acid residue being further neutralized. Finally, the yarn was dried at 100-150°C. After the application of a spin finish, the yarn was placed on a take- up device without being twisted. Next, the yarn was twisted to 80 twists/meter.
- the inherent viscosity IV of the polymer blend in the yarn is 4.8 dl/g.
- the yarn's linear density was 167 tex, the density 1.35 g/cm 3 .
- the tensile strength was 2010 mN/tex, which corresponds to the tensile strength of a yarn prepared under the same conditions, from poly(p-phenylene terephthal amide) alone, i.e. not comprising any flexible chain polymers (aliphatic polyamide).
- the yarn's dynamic modulus of elasticity was 98066 N/mm 2 , the elongation at break 3.5%.
- the polymer blend thus comprised 15 wt.% of aliphatic polyamide.
- the inherent viscosity IV of the polymer blend in the yarn was 4.7 dl/g.
- the linear density was 167 tex, the density 1.26 g/cm 3 , and the tensile strength 1765-1863 mN/tex.
- the dynamic modulus of elasticity was found to be 107866 N/mm 2 , the elongation at break 3.2-3.6%.
- the drop in yarn strength as compared with a yarn not comprising flexible chains was found to be 7-12%.
- the polymer blend consisted of 20 wt.% of aliphatic polyamide. After some time the solution separated into an anisotropic and an isotropic phase.
- the preparation of the yarns was carried out as described in Example 11. The drying of the yarn on the spinning machine was carried out at 100-270°C.
- the inherent viscosity IV of the polymer blend in the yarn was 4.65 dl/g.
- the yarn density was 1.17 g/cm 3 , the yarn tensile strength 1617-1716 mN/tex.
- the dynamic modulus of elasticity was 93157-118000 N/mm 2 , the elongation at break 3.3-3.7%.
- the drop in yarn strength was about 15-20%.
- the dope was prepared at 80-85°C, so an anisotropic was obtained.
- the viscosity IV of the polymer blend in the yarn was 4.8 dl/g.
- the yarn's density was 1.34 g/cm 3 , the tensile strength 1441 mN/tex (compared with a yarn strength for poly(p-phenylene terephthal amide) alone of 2010 mN/tex). The tenacity drop therefore was 30%.
- the yarn's bending resistance was 6000 cycles. For yarns of poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) without any aliphatic polyamide this was found to be 1000 cycles.
- the yarn density of 1.42 g/cm 3 was unchanged compared with the density of a poly(p-phenylene terephthala-mide) yarn not comprising an aliphatic polyamide.
- the tensile strength was 1441 mN/tex. The tenacity drop therefore was 30%.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA002216953A CA2216953A1 (en) | 1995-03-30 | 1995-03-30 | Spinning dope and fibres spun therefrom |
PCT/RU1995/000057 WO1996030569A1 (en) | 1995-03-30 | 1995-03-30 | Spinning dope and fibres spun therefrom |
RU97118470A RU2146729C1 (en) | 1995-03-30 | 1995-03-30 | Spinning solution composition and threads formed therefrom |
US08/930,891 US5952434A (en) | 1995-03-30 | 1995-03-30 | Spinning dope and fibres spun therefrom |
EP95920316A EP0820538A1 (en) | 1995-03-30 | 1995-03-30 | Spinning dope and fibres spun therefrom |
JP8529233A JPH11505577A (en) | 1995-03-30 | 1995-03-30 | Spin dope and fibers spun therefrom |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA002216953A CA2216953A1 (en) | 1995-03-30 | 1995-03-30 | Spinning dope and fibres spun therefrom |
PCT/RU1995/000057 WO1996030569A1 (en) | 1995-03-30 | 1995-03-30 | Spinning dope and fibres spun therefrom |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1996030569A1 true WO1996030569A1 (en) | 1996-10-03 |
Family
ID=25679662
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/RU1995/000057 WO1996030569A1 (en) | 1995-03-30 | 1995-03-30 | Spinning dope and fibres spun therefrom |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0820538A1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2216953A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1996030569A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2006060523A1 (en) * | 2004-12-01 | 2006-06-08 | E.I. Dupont De Nemours And Company | Continuous processes for making composite fibers |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2008598A (en) * | 1977-11-04 | 1979-06-06 | Asahi Chemical Ind | Polymer composite material |
JPS59116411A (en) * | 1982-12-21 | 1984-07-05 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | Novel polyamide yarn and its preparation |
JPS59163418A (en) * | 1983-03-01 | 1984-09-14 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | Preparation of polyamide yarn |
EP0392558A2 (en) * | 1989-04-13 | 1990-10-17 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Process for making oriented, shaped articles of para- aramid/thermally-consolidatable polymer blends |
US5366781A (en) * | 1989-04-13 | 1994-11-22 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Oriented, shape articles of lyotropic/thermally-consolidatable polymer blends |
-
1995
- 1995-03-30 EP EP95920316A patent/EP0820538A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1995-03-30 CA CA002216953A patent/CA2216953A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-03-30 WO PCT/RU1995/000057 patent/WO1996030569A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2008598A (en) * | 1977-11-04 | 1979-06-06 | Asahi Chemical Ind | Polymer composite material |
JPS59116411A (en) * | 1982-12-21 | 1984-07-05 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | Novel polyamide yarn and its preparation |
JPS59163418A (en) * | 1983-03-01 | 1984-09-14 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | Preparation of polyamide yarn |
EP0392558A2 (en) * | 1989-04-13 | 1990-10-17 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Process for making oriented, shaped articles of para- aramid/thermally-consolidatable polymer blends |
US5366781A (en) * | 1989-04-13 | 1994-11-22 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Oriented, shape articles of lyotropic/thermally-consolidatable polymer blends |
Non-Patent Citations (6)
Title |
---|
A. V. VOLOKHINA ET AL.: "EFFECT OF THE CHEMICAL STRUCTURE OF INTRODUCED POLYMERS ON THE PROPERTIES OF POLY-p-PHENYLENETEREPHTHALAMIDE SOLUTIONS", FIBRE CHEMISTRY, vol. 16, no. 4, NEW YORK, US, pages 266 - 268 * |
A. V. VOLOKHINA ET AL.: "PREPARATION OF POLYAMIDE FIBRES FROM LIQUID-CRYSTAL SOLUTIONS OF MIXTURES OF RIGID- AND FLEXIBLE-CHAIN POLYMERS", FIBRE CHEMISTRY, vol. 20, no. 6, NEW YORK, US, pages 410 - 412 * |
A. V. VOLOKHINA: "FIBRES FROM MIXTURES OF RIGID-CHAIN AND FLEXIBLE-CHAIN POLYMERS", FIBRE CHEMISTRY, vol. 18, no. 3, NEW YORK, US, pages 155 - 161 * |
DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 8433, Derwent World Patents Index; Class A23, AN 84-204017 * |
DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 8443, Derwent World Patents Index; Class A23, AN 84-266791 * |
M. M. IOVLEVA ET AL.: "STRUCTURAL FEATURES FROM MIXTURES OF RIGID- AND FLEXIBLE-CHAIN POLYMERS FROM DATA OF ELECTRON MICROSCOPE AND SORPTION METHODS", FIBRE CHEMISTRY, vol. 19, no. 4, NEW YORK, US, pages 270 - 273 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2006060523A1 (en) * | 2004-12-01 | 2006-06-08 | E.I. Dupont De Nemours And Company | Continuous processes for making composite fibers |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0820538A1 (en) | 1998-01-28 |
CA2216953A1 (en) | 1996-10-03 |
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