WO1991003755A1

WO1991003755A1 - High precision fiberoptic alignment spring receptacle and fiberoptic probe

Info

Publication number: WO1991003755A1
Application number: PCT/US1990/004959
Authority: WO
Inventors: Michel Y. Rondeau
Original assignee: Fibotech, Inc.
Priority date: 1989-08-29
Filing date: 1990-08-28
Publication date: 1991-03-21
Also published as: US5548674A

Abstract

A fiberoptic receptacle (10) including a housing (12) having a central bore (14) that is adapted for holding a high precision cylindrical alignment spring (30). The central diameter of the cylindrical spring is less than the outer diameter of the ferrule (27) of an optical fiber connector that is inserted therewithin, such that the ferrule (27) is accurately and repeatably centrally aligned by the resilient force of the spring elements of the cylindrical spring (30).

Description

Specification

"High Precision Fiberoptic Alignment Spring Receptacle and Fiberoptic Probe"

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Field of the Invention The present invention relates generally to receptacles and connectors for fiberoptic cable, and more particularly to a fiberoptic receptacle and connector having an alignment spring that provides a repeatable, high precision optical fiber connection, with a particular embodiment of a fiberoptic medical probe.

Description of the Prior Art A preferred embodiment of the present invention is depicted in Fig. 5. It includes a cylindrical spring member that is centrally disposed within an optical fiber connector receptacle. A cylindrical spring member is depicted in detail in Figs. 1, 2 and 3. Electrically conductive cylindrical spring members are well known in the prior art for use as electrical connectors, as depicted in Fig. 4. As depicted in Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the prior art electrical connector spring is composed of a metallic electrically-conductive resilient material such as copper. Good electrical connection is provided when a bare electrical wire whose diameter is greater than the minimum diameter between the spring elements is inserted into the spring. The wire thus causes the spring elements to separate and the resiliency of the spring elements creates a good electrical contact. As depicted in Fig. 4, the spring member is held in a metallic, electrically-conductive housing, such that good electrical contact is made between the housing, spring and electrical wire that is inserted centrally into the spring. Japanese patent 57-34514 issued February 24, 1982 to Shigihara discloses an optical device comprising a housing having a bore, ferrules, a resilient means, and a ferrule connection means. However, the spring elements of Shigihara are individual members that are not integrally formed with the wall of the cylindrical spring. The spring elements of Shigihara are separate members that are engaged in slots within end members. U.S. Patent 4,193,665 issued March 18, 1980 to Arnold discloses a cylindrical spring-type device having indented portions that serve to urge inserted ferrules to the central axis of the connector bore. However, Arnold's device lacks the longitudinal slots that are formed in the cylindrical spring of the present invention, whereby the cylindrical spring of the present invention is more flexible. European Patent 14,610, issued August, 1980 to Jacques discloses a further optical connector having a ferrule alignment device. The Jacques alignment device appears to be a solid member, as is Arnold, and therefore lacks the resiliency of the independent, integrally formed spring members of the cylindrical spring utilized in applicant's device. U.S. Patent 4,310,218 issued January 12, 1982 to Karol, U.S. Patent 4,178,068 issued December 11, 1979 to Hoover and U.S. Patent 4,140,367 issued February 20, 1979 to Makuch et al. , each describe a connector for multiple fiberoptic cables. None of these devices contain a cylindrical alignment spring within each receptacle bore, much less the type of alignment spring utilized by applicant. Applicant is also aware of further prior art including U.S. Patent 4,678,264 issued July 7, 1987 to Bowen et al., Japanese Patent 63-250,614 issued October 18, 1988 to Nagasawa and Japanese Patent 53-6047 issued January 20, 1978 to Yonechi which appear to teach relevant, though cumulative, fiberoptic receptacle concepts.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a fiberoptic receptacle that quickly and accurately facilitates the joinder of fiberoptic cables. It is another object of the present invention to provide a fiberoptic receptacle having an alignment spring disposed therewithin to facilitate the quick, accurate joinder of fiberoptic cables. It is a further object of the present invention to provide a fiberoptic receptacle having an alignment spring that repeatedly distorts in a substantially identical manner upon the repeated insertion of an optical fiber ferrule therein, such that an accurate, quick connection of fiberoptic cables can be accomplished. It is still another object of the present invention to provide an optical fiber connector having a high precision spring disposed therewithin, such that two optical fiber ferrules may be quickly and accurately joined together. It is still a further object of the present invention to provide a fiberoptic cable multi-connector receptacle having a plurality of high precision alignment springs disposed therewithin, such that a plurality of optical fibers combined in a single connector may be quickly, accurately and repeatedly joined to the receptacle. It is yet another object of the present invention to provide a fiberoptic receptacle having an alignment spring disposed therewithin that is pre-loaded with an axial pressure mounting that enhances the radial spring force of the individual spring elements. It is yet a further object of the present invention to provide a method for mounting a cylindrical alignment spring within a fiberoptic receptacle to_provide an axial pressur, upon the alignment spring that creates an adjustable radial alignment force on the : "dividual spring elements of the alignment spring. It is still another object of the present invention to provide a fiberoptic medical probe having a fiberoptic receptacle disposed therewithin, such that said medical probe may be easily connected to a ferrule of an optical fiber. It is still a further object of the present invention to provide a fiberoptic medical probe having an axial air or liquid cooling bore disposed therewithin. The present invention includes a housing having a central bore that is adapted for holding a high precision cylindrical alignment spring. The central diameter of the cylindrical spring is less than the outer diameter of the ferrule of an optical fiber connector that is inserted therewithin, such that the ferrule is accurately and repeatably centrally aligned by the resilient force of the spring elements of the cylindrical spring. In another embodiment, an elongated cylindrical spring is centrally disposed within the bore of a two-ended connector, such that two ferrules may be inserted therewithin in opposing relationship and the spring will act to repeatedly, accurately align the two ferrules. In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a receptacle having a plurality of_connection bores includes a cylindrical spring disposed within each connection bore. A mating connector having a plurality of ferrules projecting therefrom may be repeatedly, accurately joined with the receptacle owing to the disposition of the springs within the connecting bores. A cylindrical spring engagement method may be utilized in each of the devices disclosed herein. The engagement method involves applying a longitudinal force to the wall of the cylindrical spring during the affixation of the spring within the receptacle bore. Due to the nature of the cylindrical spring, the longitudinal force is translated into an increased radial displacement of the spring element to enhance the alignment capability of the spring. The fiberoptic medical probe of the present invention includes the cylindrical spring within the receptacle of the probe. Alternative embodiments of the medical probe permit air cooling of the probe to facilitate prolonged handheld use of the probe. The utilization of the cylindrical spring of the present invention within the probe, permits the probe to be disposed of following use with minimal wastage of material. It is an advantage of the present invention that it provides a fiberoptic receptacle that quickly and accurately facilitates the joinder of fiberoptic cables. It is another advantage of the_present invention that it provides a fiberoptic receptacle having an alignment spring disposed therewithin to facilitate the quick, accurate joinder of fiberoptic cable. It is a further advantage of the present invention that it provides a fiberoptic receptacle having an alignment spring that repeatedly distorts in a substantially identical manner upon the repeated insertion of an optical fiber ferrule therein, such that an accurate, quick connection of fiberoptic cables can be accomplished. It is still another advantage of the present invention that it provides an optical fiber connector having a high precision spring disposed therewithin, such that two optical fiber ferrules may be quickly and accurately joined together. It is still a further advantage of the present invention that it provides a fiberoptic cable multi-connector receptacle having a plurality of high precision alignment springs disposed therewithin, such that a plurality of optical fibers combined in a single connector may be quickly, accurately and repeatedly joined to the receptacle. It is yet another advantage of the present invention that it provides a fiberoptic receptacle having an alignment spring disposed therewithin that is pre-loaded with an axial pressure mounting that enhances the radial spring force of the individual spring elements. It is yet a further advantage, of the present invention that it provides a method for mounting a cylindrical alignment spring within a fiberoptic receptacle to provide an axial pressure upon the alignment spring that creates an adjustable radial alignment force on the individual spring elements of the alignment spring. It is still another advantage of the present invention that it provides a fiberoptic medical probe having a fiberoptic receptacle disposed therewithin, such that said medical probe may be easily connected to a ferrule of an optical fiber. It is still a further advantage of the present invention that it provides a fiberoptic medical probe having an axial air or liquid cooling bore disposed therewithin. These and other objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description and the accompanying drawings.

IN THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a cylindrical spring forming a part of the present invention; Fig. 2 is a side elevational view of a cylindrical spring; Fig. 3 is a top plan view of a cylindrical spring; Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a prior art electrical connector utilizing an electrically conductive cylindrical spring; Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a fiberoptic receptacle of the present invention; Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a fiberoptic receptacle taken along lines 6-6 of Fig. 5; Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the receptacle as depicted in Fig. 6 and showing a fiberoptic ferrule and fiberoptic cable disposed for connection within the receptacle; Fig. 8 depicts a partially broken-away cross-sectional view of an optical component having a receptacle of the present invention integrated therewith; Fig. 9 is an end elevational view of the optical device depicted in Fig. 8; Fig. 10 is a top plan view of a multi-cable fiberoptic receptacle of the present invention; Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the multi-cable fiberoptic receptacle depicted in Fig. 10, taken along lines 11-11 of Fig. 10 and depicting in cross-section a mating, multi-cable connector; Fig. 12 is a perspective view of a connector for two ferrules of the present invention; and Fig. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the connector depicted in Fig. 12 taken along lines 13-13 of Fig. 12. Fig. 14 is an expanded view of the cylindrical spring engagement method shown generally in Fig. 6; Fig. 15 is a graph depicting the relationship between the axial displacement of a cylindrical spring and the radial load upon a spring element caused thereby; Fig. 16 depicts an alternative spring engagement method from that depicted in Fig. 14; Fig. 17 is a side elevational view of a fiberoptic medical probe of the present invention; Fig. 18 is an end elevational view of the fiberoptic medical probe depicted in Fig. 17 ; Fig. 19 is a cross-sectional view of the medical probe depicted in Fig. 18 taken along lines 19-19 of Fig. 18; Fig. 20 is a cross-sectional view of an alternative embodiment of a liquid cooled fiberoptic medical probe of the present invention taken along lines 20-20 of Fig. 21; Fig. 21 is an end elevational view of the fiberoptic medical probe depicted in Fig. 20; Fig. 22 is an expanded perspective view of the tip of the medical probe depicted in Figs. 20 and 21; Fig. 23 is a cross-sectional view of a mating ferrule connector for connection with the medical probe depicted in Fig. 20, taken along lines 23-23 of Fig. 24; Fig. 24 is an end elevational view of the ferrule connector depicted in Fig. 23; Fig. 25 is a cross-sectional view of another alternative embodiment of the medical probe of the present invention, taken along lines 25-25 of Fig. 26; Fig. 26 is an end elevational view of the medical probe depicted in Fig. 25; Fig. 27 is a cross-sectional view of yet another alternative embodiment of the medical probe of the present invention, taken along lines 27-27 of Fig. 28; and Fig. 28 is an end elevational view of the medical probe depicted in Fig. 27.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Figs. 5 and 6 depict a fiberoptic receptacle of the preferred embodiment. Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along lines 6-6 of Fig. 5. The receptacle 10 includes cylindrical housing 12 having a cylindrical bore that is centrally disposed along the longitudinal axiε of the housin 12. The bore 14 is tapered outwardly in a cone-shape portion 16 toward the receptacle input end 18, and a furthe cylindrical bore portion 20 that has a larger diameter tha the central bore 14 is formed proximate the receptacle inpu end 18. An alignment slot 22 is formed through a wall of th housing proximate the outer bore 20 and cone-shaped bor portion 16 to facilitate the alignment of an optical cable ferrule within the housing 12, and bayonet-type projections 24 project laterally from the housing 12 proximate the receptacle input end 18 for the joinder of a ferrule connector therewith. The bore 14 terminates at an output end 26 of the housing 12. The portions of the present invention described thus far in this paragraph are known in the prior art. A drawback of the prior art receptacle is that the diameter of the bore 14 must closely match the diameter of the ferrule that is inserted therein, whereby the optical fiber that is centrally disposed within the ferrule will become aligned with an optical cable that is inserted within the opposing end 26 of the housing. The present invention is an advancement over the prior art receptacle through its inclusion of the cylindrical spring 30 within the bore 14 of the housing 12. Applicant's utilization of the cylindrical spring depicted in Figs. 1-3, particularly as engaged within the bore 14 utilizing applicant's engagement method disclosed hereinbelow results in a receptacle having improved features over the receptacles disclosed in the prior art, as discussed previously. As is best seen in Figs. 6 and 7, in the present invention 10 the diameter of the central bore 14 is significantly greater than the diameter of the standard ferrule 27 that will be inserted therewithin. A cylindrical -14- plan view of the cylindrical spring 30. To create the spring resilience necessary for the effective operation of the cylindrical spring, the individual spring elements 36 are deformed inwardly toward the central axis of the cylindrical spring 30, such that the diameter of the cylindrical spring 30 at its midpoint is substantially less than its diameter at either end. Fig. 4 depicts a prior art electrical connector 40 that utilizes an electrically-conductive cylindrical spring 42. As depicted in Fig. 4, the electrical conductor 40 includes an electrically insulated outer housing 44 which encloses an electrically-conductive inner housing 46. A spring-holding cavity 48 is formed into the electrically- conductive inner housing 46 to contain the cylindrical spring 42. It is therefore to be understood that a bare electrical wire having a diameter that is greater than the central diameter of the cylindrical spring 42 but less than the outer diameter of the spring 42 can be inserted into the spring 42 to make electrical connection from the wire through the conductive spring to the electrically-conductive inner housing 46 and the electrical lead 49 which connects thereto. The usage of the cylindrical spring in the present invention differs in at least two significant aspects from its use in the electrical connector of Fig. 4. Firstly, in the present invention the cylindrical spring 30 does not act -13- spring 30 is disposed within the bore 14, and a shoulder 28 is formed in the bore 14 as an upper stop on the inward insertion of the cylindrical spring 30 within the bore 14. Following the insertion of the spring 30 within the bore 14 the material of the housing 12 proximate the lower end of the spring 30 is deformed into small protrusions 29 which hold the spring in place within the bore 14 of the housing 12. Enlarged depictions of the spring 30 are provided in Figs. 1, 2 and 3. Cylindrical springs are known in the prior art. The cylindrical spring 30 is formed from a thin-walled resilient material that is formed into a cylindrical shape. A gap 32 is formed in the wall along the length of the cylindrical spring, such that the spring 30 may be compressed in its diameter w_- ^n inserted into a bore, such as bore 14. A plurality of long, narrow slots 34 are formed through the wall of the cylindrical spring 30, these slots being parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical spring 30. The removal of the wall material occasioned by the slots 34 results in the formation of a plurality of long, narrow spring elements 36 that are aligned parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical spring 30. The slots are formed such that the spring elements 36 are uniformly, radially disposed relative to the central axis of the cylindrical spring, as depicted in Fig. 3, which is a top as a connector, but rather as an alignment device. Thus, the cylindrical spring 30 of the present invention may be formed from a non-electrically conductive material, whereas the prior art spring 42 must be electrically conductive to act as a connector. Secondly, connection of the prior art electrical device is through the spring elements of the spring whereas in the present invention connection occurs in the accurate alignment of the optical fiber within the ferrule with yet another optional fiber that must be inserted into the receptacle. Thus, as is depicted in Fig. 7, a second optical cable 25 is inserted into the end 26 of the housing 12 for alignment of the optical fibers within the ferrule 27 with the optical fiber within the second cable 25. Figs. 8 and 9 depict an embodiment of the present invention that is adapted for use with an optical component. The optical component 50 is represented generally as a rectangular box 52 that has an optical fiber receptacle housing 54 (shown in a cutaway cross-section) engaged therewith. An optical fiber input/output cable 56 is fixedly engaged within the central bore 58 of the housing 54. The fiberoptic cable 56 may be engaged in the bore by epoxy 60 or other currently utilized methods. A cylindrical spring 62 is disposed within the central bore 58 of the housing 54 and a bayonet-type connection, similar to that depicted in Fig. 6, is formed in the input end of the housing 54. To -16- achieve an accurate, repeatable alignment of ferrules that will be inserted into the housing 54, it is necessary to first insert a ferrule prior to the use of epoxy 60 or other permanent engagement of the input/output cable 56 within the housing. Upon the insertion of a ferrule within the housing 54, the spring elements of the cylindrical spring 62 will deform as the ferrule is inserted therethrough. The input/output cable 56 is then positionally adjusted until a maximum reading contact position is located. Then, while holding the input/output cable 56 in position, epoxy 60 is applied to permanently fix the position of the cable 56 within the bore of the housing 54. Thereafter, the ferrule may be removed and repeatedly reinserted into the housing 54. On each insertion, the cylindrical spring 62 will deform in a substantially identical manner to the prior insertion, such that the ferrule will be repeatedly, accurately aligned and connected to the input/output cable 56. Figs. 10 and 11 depict a multi-cable receptacle embodiment of the present invention. The multi-cable receptacle 70 includes a housing 72 having a plurality of connection bores 74 formed therethrough. As is best seen in Fig. 11, each connector bore 74 includes a cylindrical spring 76 disposed therewithin, and a fiberoptic cable 78 is fixedly disposed within the lower end of the bore 74. As is best seen in Fig. 11, a male connector 80 having a mating plurality of ferrules 82 projecting therefrom (shown in cross-section) is configured such that each ferrule 82 is aligned with the bores 74 formed_in the receptacle housing 72. As with the embodiment depicted in Figs. 8 and 9, the male connector 80 is first inserted into the receptacle 70 such that each ferrule 82 is inserted into an alignment spring 76. Each of the optical cables 78 is then individually aligned with its ferrule 82 for maximum output, whereupon the individual cables 78 are permanently affixed in place using epoxy 84 or a similar current technology. Thereafter, the male multi-connector 80 may be repeatedly connected with the receptacle 70 and a repeatable, high precision alignment of each ferrule 82 is assured through the repeatable deformation of the cylindrical alignment springs 76. Figs. 12 and 13 depict a fiberoptic connector for joining two ferrules together. The connector 90 includes an elongated cylindrical spring 92 that is disposed within a central bore 94 formed in the cylindrical housing 96. Each end of the cylindrical housing 96 is formed with a ferrule type connector configuration 98 that is similar to that depicted in Figs. 5, 6 and 7. It is therefore to be appreciated that a ferrule may be inserted into each end of the housing 96, such that the optical fiber tips of the ferrules make contact proximate the center of the elongated cylindrical spring 92. Due to the repeatable deformation of the spring elements of the cylindrical spring 92, and because the two ferrules are each receiving spring forces from the same spring elements of the cylindrical spring 92, the two ferrules will be aligned by the spring in a similar and repeatable manner, such that the connector 90 will repeatedly, accurately align to ferrules that are inserted therewithin. In the preferred embodiment the two ferrule alignment slots 100 and 102 are aligned on the same side of the housing 96. With this slot alignment any similar defects in the two ferrules (such as out of roundness) will tend to be equally treated by the spring elements, thus leading to greater alignment accuracy. Fig. 14 depicts an engagement method that is advantageously utilized with the cylindrical spring within the receptacles and connectors described hereinabove. Fig. 14 is an expanded view of the spring engagement portion of the receptacle depicted in Fig. 6. In the improved cylindrical spring engagement method, a cylindrical spring 30 is placed within the bore 14 of a receptacle for connector 12. A load force L is applied to the lower edge 150 of the wall of the cylindrical spring 30 in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the spring 30, which causes an upward displacement (D) of the bottom edge 150 of the wall of the spring 30. Because the spring 30 is formed from individual spring elements 36 which are separated by slots 34, the upward displacement (D) of the lower edge 150 will result in a inwardly radially directed force (R) upon of each of the individual spring elements 36. Thus, control of the axial mounting displacement (D) provides control over the radial alignment force (R) which the individual spring elements 36 apply to a fiberoptic ferrule that is inserted within the alignment spring. Fig. 15 is a graph which compares the longitudinal displacement (D) (in inches) with the radial force (R) (in lbs.) of individual spring elements 36 for a cylindrical spring composed of copper having a diameter of approximately 0.110 inches, a wall thickness of approximately 0.010 inches, a length of approximately 0.200 inches and nine individual spring elements, each having a width at the center of the spring of approximately 0.030 inches and a length of approximately 0.150 inches. Fig. 14 depicts applicant's preferred method for applying an axial force to the spring 30 to achieve the displacement (D) . As depicted therein, and as mentioned hereinabove with regard to Fig. 6, protrusions 29 are formed from the material of the housing 12 to hold the spring 30 in position. Each protrusion 29 is formed by the gouging out 154 of material from the inner surface 16 of the housing 12. The gouged out material 156 is forced against the lower edge 150 of the wall of the spring 30 to hold the spring in position within the bore 14. The gouging of the material 156 is accomplished by applying a force L to a gouging instrument which creates the gouged projections 156, and the degree of force L determines the degree of gouging and hence the amount of displacement (D) of the spring 30. Fig. 16 depicts an alternative method for the engagement of a cylindrical spring 30 within the bore 14 of a receptacle or connector 12. As depicted in Fig. 16, a fairly uniform cylindrical band of housing material 170 has been gouged from the inner wall 16 of the receptacle 12. A thin, substantially cylindrically shaped gouged area 172 is therefore formed in the inner wall 16. As with the engagement embodiment depicted in Fig. 14, the longitudinal force L utilized to gouge the material 170 creates a longitudinal displacement (D) in the lower edge 150 of the wall of the spring 30. The gouged material 170 serves to hold the spring 30 in place and retain the longitudinal displacement. Fig. 17 is a side elevational view of a fiberoptic medical probe 200 of the present invention. The probe 200 includes an optical fiber 202 that is axially disposed within the bore of a metal tube 204. The tube 204 is axially disposed within the bore of a cylindrical handle 206, and a optical fiber connecting receptacle 208 is engaged to the rearward end 210 of the handle 206. The receptacle 208 contains an alignment spring of the present invention, as disclosed hereinabove, such that an optical cable having a mating ferrule may be engaged with receptacle 208 in the manner described hereinabove with regard to Fig. 8. Fig. 18 depicts an enlarged end elevational view of the probe depicted in Fig. 17, and Fig. 19 depicts a cross- sectional view taken along lines 19-19 of Fig. 18. As is best seen in Fig. 19, the optical fiber 202 and its tubular housing 204 extend through a bore 220 that is axially formed within a generally cylindrical handle 206. The receptacle 208 is engaged within a recess 222 formed in the end 210 of the handle 206. The optical fiber 202 and tubular housing 204 terminate within the forward end 224 of the bore 226 of the receptacle 208 which holds a cylindrical alignment spring 230 of the present invention. This configuration of the optical fiber 202 terminating within the end 224 of the receptacle 208 proximate the cylindrical spring 230 is similar to the optical device 52 depicted in Fig. 8 and described hereinabove. It is therefore to be realized that an optical cable having a ferrule disposed upon the end thereof may be inserted within the receptacle 208 such that the alignment spring 230 within the receptacle 208 will facilitate a repeatable optical connection with the optical fiber 202 of the probe 200. To manufacture the device 200, the optical fiber 202 is first epoxied within the tube 204. Utilizing an optical bench, an optical ferrule is inserted within the spring 230 of the receptacle 208, and the tube 204 with its engaged optical fiber 202 is inserted within the end 224 of the receptacle 208. The tube 204 is then manipulated within the end 224 until the strongest optical signal is received in fiber 202, whereupon epoxy 234 is applied surrounding the tube 204 within the end 224 of the receptacle. After the epoxy 234 has hardened, the handle 206 is inserted over the end of the tube 204 and slid down the tube 204 into a snug fit of the receptacle 208 within the recess 222 of the housing 206. Figs. 20 and 21 depict an alternative embodiment 300 of the medical probe of the present invention that is air or liquid cooled. Fig. 20 is a cross-sectional view taken along lines 20-20 of Fig. 21, wherein Fig. 21 is an end elevational view similar to Fig. 18. Fig. 22 is an expanded perspective view of the tip of the probe depicted in Figs. 20 and 21. As depicted in Figs. 20, 21 and 22, the medical probe 300 includes an optical fiber 302 that is disposed within the central bore of a cylindrical tubular housing 304. The tubular housing 304 is centrally disposed within a bore 320 formed within a generally cylindrical handle 306, and a receptacle 308 having a cylindrical spring 330 disposed therewithin is engaged within a recess 322 formed at the end 310 of the handle 306. The significant difference between the medical probe depicted in Figs. 20, 21 and 2.2 and the medical probe depicted in Figs. 18 and 19 is the utilization of coolant flow inserts 340 within the tubular housing 304 to both hold the optical fiber 302 in a centered orientation and to permit the flow of coolant air or liquid through the tubular housing 304. As is best seen in Fig. 22, the coolant flow insert 340 is a short, generally cylindrical, solid insert which is dimensioned to fit snugly within the bore of the tubular housing 304. An optical fiber bore 342 is axially formed through the insert 340 through which the optical fiber 302 passes. In the preferred embodiment, epoxy 344 is utilized to hold the optical fiber 302 within the bore 342. Coolant channels 350, of which two are shown, are formed in an axial direction through the insert 340 to permit coolant air or liquid to pass through the tubular housing 304. As depicted in Fig. 320, a coolant insert 340 is disposed at each end of the tubular housing 304 to hold the optical fiber 302 in a centralized orientation and to permit the inletting and outletting of coolant air or liquid. In the preferred embodiment of Figs. 20, 21 and 22, the coolant air or liquid is introduced into the probe 300 through the receptacle 308 and into the tubular housing 304 through its internal end 360. The coolant air or fluid passes through the receptacle 308 by virtue of the slots 362 formed between the spring elements of the cylindrical spring 330. The coolant air or liquid passes through the tubular- housing 304 to cool the optical fiber contained therewithin and passes out of the tubular housing at its front end 370 through the channels 350 formed in the' insert 340. Figs. 23 and 24 depict a connector that includes an air or liquid cooling system, and which is adapted for connection with the probe 300. Fig. 23 is a cross-sectional view taken along lines 23-23 of Fig. 24, and Fig. 24 is an end elevational view of the connector. As depicted in Figs. 23 and 24, the connector 400 includes an optical fiber 402 that is engaged within the central bore of a ferrule 404. The ferrule 404 is centrally disposed within a cylindrical bore 406 that is formed within a generally cylindrical connector housing 408. The diameter of the bore 406 is slightly larger than the diameter of the receptacle 308, such that the receptacle 308 will slidably fit within the bore 406. Small channels 410 are formed in the wall of the bore 406 to engage the bayonet-type attachment pins 311 of the receptacle 308. A shoulder 412 is formed at the inward end of the bore 406 within the housing 408 and a reduced diameter optical cable bore 416 is formed through the housing from the shoulder 412 to the rearward end 418 of the housing. An optical cable 420 is fixedly engaged within the bore 416 of the housing 408. The optical cable 420 includes the optical fiber 402 that is surrounded by a hollow cylindrical space 422 that is bounded by the walls of the cable 420. The. space 422 is provided for the passage of coolant air or liquid through the connector 400. To permit the coolant air or liquid to pass from the passage 422 within the optical cable 420 through the connector 400, an insert 440, that is similar in design to insert 340, is engaged within the bore 416. That is, the insert 440 is a short, generally cylindrical member having a central bore formed therethrough in which the ferrule 404 is engaged. Coolant passage channels 450 are longitudinally formed through the insert 440 to permit coolant air or liquid to pass therethrough. It is therefore to be understood that upon the bayonet- type engagement of connector 400 with receptacle 308 of the probe 300 that the optical fiber 402 will become aligned with the optical fiber 302 of the probe through the function of the cylindrical spring 330. Coolant air or liquid from the passage 422 in the optical cable 420 will pass through the coolant passage 450 of the insert 440 and into the base of the receptacle 308. The coolant air or liquid will then pass through the slots 362 formed in the cylindrical spring 330 and thereafter through the tubular housing 304 of the probe 300 as described hereinabove. A sealing 0-ring 460 is preferably disposed within a channel formed in the shoulder 412 of the housing 408 to promote a seal between the connector housing 408 and the receptacle housing 308, such that the coolant air or liquid does not leak out at the connecting interface. Figs. 25 and 26 depict yet another alternative embodiment 500 of the probe of the present invention. Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the probe 500 taken along lines 25- 25 of Fig. 26, and Fig. 26 is an end elevational view of probe 500. As depicted in Figs. 25 and 26, an optical fiber 502 is disposed within the central bore of a tubular housing 504, and the tubular housing 504 is centrally disposed within a cavity 520 that is centrally located within a generally cylindrical handle 506. A connecting receptacle 508 having a centrally disposed cylindrical alignment spring 530 disposed therewithin, is engaged within a recess 522 formed within the end 510 of the handle 506. A generally cylindrical coolant insert 540, which is similar to the inserts 340 and 440 described hereinabove, is engaged within the inner cylindrical bore 526 of the receptacle 508. The insert 540 has a centrally disposed bore 570 having a diameter that is significantly larger than the diameter of the end of the tubular housing 502 disposed therewithin. The enlarged diameter of bore 570 is utilized to permit the alignment and epoxying of the end of the tubular housing 502 within the bore 570, as was discussed hereinabove regarding the alignment of the tubular housing 204 within the receptacle 208 utilizing epoxy 234. It is therefore to be realized that coolant air or liquid will now pass through the receptacle 508 and through the passages 550 into the bore 520 formed in the handle 506. To permit the coolant air or liquid to exit from the passage 520, coolant exit passages 572 are formed through the handle 506 proximate the engagement of the tubular housing 504 within the handle 506. It is to be understood that a coolant connector 400 is to be engaged with receptacle 408 to provide coolant air or liquid within receptacle 508. Figs. 27 and 28 depict a medical probe 600 which iε a further embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 27 is a cross-sectional view of probe 600 taken along lines 27-27 of Fig. 28, and Fig. 28 is an end elevational view of the probe 600. A comparison of probe 600 with probe 500 deεcribed hereinabove, revealε that probe 600 includes the identical optical fiber 602, tubular housing 604, receptacle 608, alignment spring 630, insert 640 as was described hereinabove in relation to probe 500. Probe 600 differs from probe 500 in the structure and function of the handle. As best depicted in Fig. 27, handle 606 is formed with an elongated recess 622 which is laterally, slidably engaged with the outer surface of the cylindrical housing 608. A cylindrical tube 611 having a central bore 613 that is larger than the diameter of the tubular housing 604 projects forwardly from the forward end 6-15 of the handle 606 to surround and protect the tip of the optical fiber 602. The diameter of the bore 613 is εufficiently larger than the diameter of the tubular member 604 to permit coolant air or liquid to pass through bore 613 in surrounding contact with the tubular housing 604. When probe 600 is to be used, the handle 606 is slid axially back upon receptacle 608 to the extent of the enlarged recess 622, whereupon the tip of the optical fiber 602 will be exposed relative to its prior enclosure within the bore 613 of tube 611. An 0-ring seal 617 may be engaged within the shoulder of the recess 622 to promote a εeal between the handle 606 and the receptacle 608 when the handle 606 is slid backward for use. When used, coolant liquid will pass through the bore 620 in the handle 606 and exit through the space provided by bore 613 surrounding tubular member 604. It is to be understood that the various preferred embodiments of the present invention have been depicted and described with reference to a bayonet-type of engagement mechanism, whereas it is well known that other types of engagement mechanisms, such as threaded engagement mechanisms, exist, and can easily be substituted therefor. It is therefore to be understood that the scope of the present invention is not to be limited to the types of engagement mechanismε of the fiberoptic components. While the invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to certain preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various alterations and modifications in form and in detail may be made therein. Accordingly, it is intended that the following claims cover all such alterations and modifications as may fall within the true spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A cylindrical spring for the purpose of the alignment of an optical fiber in an optical receptacle or optical connector comprising: a thinwalled, generally cylindrical member, having a longitudinal central axis thereof; said cylindrical member being formed of a resilient material; a narrow gap being formed in said wall of said cylindrical member, said gap being parallel to said longitudinal axis of said cylindrical member; a plurality of slots being formed in said wall of said cylindrical member, said slots having closed ends and being generally long and narrow and dispoεed in said wall in a parallel orientation to said longitudinal axis of said cylindrical member; a plurality of spring elements being diεpoεed in εaid wall of εaid cylindrical member between εaid εlots; said spring elements being generally long and narrow in shape and being disposed in a generally parallel orientation to said longitudinal axiε of εaid cylindrical member; said spring elements having centrally located portions along the length thereof that are disposed closer to said longitudinal axis of said cylindrical member than portions of said spring elements that are dispoεed away from said central portion; said spring elements providing-a resilient force that is perpendicular to εaid longitudinal axis of said cylindrical member, such that a generally cylindrical rod-like optical connector ferrule that iε inserted within said cylindrical spring will be urged toward a parallel alignment with said longitudinal axis of said cylindrical member by said resilient force of said spring elements.

2. A cylindrical spring as described in claim 1, wherein εaid spring is formed of a non-electrically-conductive material.

5. An optical receptacle compriεing: a housing; said housing having a generally cylindrical bore disposed therethrough, having a longitudinal central axis thereof; said bore being dimensionally configured for the receipt of a ferrule of an optical connector therewithin; a cylindrical εpring means being disposed within said bore, said cylindrical spring meanε including: a thinwalled, generally cylindrical member, having a longitudinal central axiε thereof; said cylindrical member being formed of a resilient material; a narrow gap being formed in said wall of said cylindrical member, said gap .being parallel to said longitudinal axis of said cylindrical member; a plurality of slots being formed in said wall of said cylindrical member, εaid slots having closed ends and being generally long and narrow and disposed in said wall in a parallel orientation to said longitudinal axis of said cylindrical member; a plurality of spring elements being disposed in said wall of said cylindrical member between said slots; said spring elementε each being generally long and narrow in εhape and being disposed in a generally parallel orientation to said longitudinal axis of said cylindrical member; each of said spring elements having end portions that are integrally formed with εaid wall of said cylindrical member proximate said closed ends of said slotε; εaid εpring elements each having centrally located portions along the length thereof that are diεpoεed cloεer to said longitudinal axis of said cylindrical member than portions of said spring elementε that are disposed away from said central portion; said spring elements providing a resilient force that is perpendicular to said longitudinal axis of said cylindrical member, such that a generally cylindrical rod-like optical connector ferrule that is inserted within said cylindrical spring will be urged towards a centrally disposed parallel alignment with said longitudinal-axis of said cylindrical member by said resilient force of said spring elements.

6. An optical receptacle as described in claim 5, wherein said εpring is formed of a non-electrically-conductive material.

7. An optical receptacle as described in claim 5 including a ferrule connection means being engaged to said housing and disposed for the releasable engagement of said ferrule with said housing.

8. An optical receptacle as described in claim 5 wherein an optical cable is disposed within said bore, said optical cable being aligned to make an optical connection with an optical fiber disposed within said ferrule.

11. An optical component comprising: a component means being designed for the input or output of an optical signal through an optical fiber; an optical connector means being engaged with said component means and functioning to facilitate the input or output of optical signalε from εaid optical fiber, said connector means having a generally cylindrical connection bore disposed therein, said bore having an inward end and an outward end and a longitudinal axis thereof, said inward end being disposed proximate said optical component means; said optical fiber being fixedly dispoεed within εaid inward end of said connection bore; a cylindrical spring means being dispoεed within εaid connection bore, said cylindrical spring meanε including: a thinwalled, generally cylindrical member, having a longitudinal central axis thereof; said cylindrical member being formed of a resilient material; a narrow gap being formed in said wall of said cylindrical member, said gap being parallel to said longitudinal axis of said cylindrical member; a plurality of slots being formed in said wall of said cylindrical member, εaid εlotε having cloεed endε and being generally long and narrow and disposed in said wall in a parallel orientation to said longitudinal axis of εaid cylindrical member; a plurality of εpring elementε being disposed in said wall of said cylindrical member between said slots; said spring elements each being generally long and narrow in shape and being disposed in a generally parallel orientation to said longitudinal axis of said cylindrical member; each of said spring elementε having end portionε that are integrally formed with said wall of said cylindrical member proximate said closed ends -of said slots; said spring elements each having centrally located portions along the length thereof that are disposed closer to said longitudinal axis of said cylindrical member than portions of said spring elements that are dispoεed away from said central portion; said spring elements providing a resilient force that is perpendicular to said longitudinal axis of said cylindrical member, such that a generally cylindrical rod-like optical connector ferrule that is inserted within said cylindrical spring will be urged towards a centrally dispoεed parallel alignment with said longitudinal axis of said cylindrical member by said resilient force of said spring elements.

12. An optical component as described in claim 11, wherein said spring is formed of a non-electrically-conductive material.

13. An optical component as described in claim 11 including a ferrule connection meanε being engaged to εaid housing and disposed for the releasable engagement of said ferrule with said housing. -36- 16. A multi-cable optical receptacle comprising: a housing; said housing have a plurality-of generally cylindrical connection bores diεpoεed therethrough, each said bore having a longitudinal axis thereof and being dimensionally configured for the receipt of a ferrule of an optical connector therewithin; a cylindrical spring means being disposed within each said bore, said cylindrical spring meanε including: a thinwalled, generally cylindrical member, having a longitudinal central axiε thereof; said cylindrical member being formed of a resilient material; a narrow gap being formed in εaid wall of εaid cylindrical member, said gap being parallel to said longitudinal axis of said cylindrical member; a plurality of slots being formed in said wall of εaid cylindrical member, εaid εlotε having closed ends and being generally long and narrow and disposed in said wall in a parallel orientation to said longitudinal axiε of said cylindrical member; a plurality of spring elements being disposed in said wall of said cylindrical member between said slots; said εpring members each being generally long and narrow in shape and being disposed in a generally parallel orientation to said longitudinal axis of said cylindrical member; each of said spring elements having end portions that are integrally formed with said _wall of said cylindrical member proximate said closed ends of said slots; said εpring elements each having centrally located portions along the length thereof that are dispoεed cloεer to said longitudinal axis of said cylindrical member than portionε of εaid εpring elements that are disposed away from said central portion; said spring elements providing a resilient force that is perpendicular to said longitudinal axis of said cylindrical member, such that a generally cylindrical rod-like body that is inserted within said cylindrical spring will be urged towards a centrally disposed parallel alignment with said longitudinal axis of said cylindrical member by said resilient force of said spring elements.

17. A multi-cable optical receptacle as described in claim 16, wherein said spring is formed of a non-electrically- conductive material.

18. A multi-cable optical receptacle as described in claim 16 including a connection means being engaged to said housing and disposed for the releasable engagement of said optical connector with said housing. 19. A multi-cable optical receptacle aε described in claim 18 wherein an optical cable is disposed within each said bore, εaid optical cable being aligned to make an optical connection with an optical fiber diεposed within said ferrule.

22. An optical connector comprising: a housing; said houεing having a generally cylindrical connection bore diεposed therethrough, said bore having a longitudinal axis thereof; εaid bore being dimensionally configured for the receipt of two ferrules of two optical connectors therewithin in opposing relationship; a cylindrical spring means being disposed within said bore, said cylindrical spring means including: a thinwalled, generally cylindrical member, having a longtudinal central axis thereof; said cylindrical member being formed of a reεilient material; a narrow gap being formed in εaid wall of εaid cylindrical member, said gap being parallel to said longitudinal axis of said cylindrical member; a plurality of slotε being formed in εaid wall of εaid cylindrical member, εaid slots having closed ends and being generally long and narrow and disposed in said wall in .a parallel orientation to said longitudinal axis of said cylindrical member; a plurality of spring elements being disposed in said wall of said cylindrical member between said slots; said spring members each being generally long and narrow in shape and being disposed in a generally parallel orientation to said longitudinal axis of said cylindrical member; each of said εpring elementε having end portions that are integrally formed with said wall of said cylindrical member proximate said cloεed endε of said slots; said spring elements each having centrally located portions along the length thereof that are dispoεed closer to said longitudinal axis of said cylindrical member than portions of εaid εpring elementε that are diεpoεed away from εaid central portion; said spring elements providing a resilient force that is perpendicular to said longitudinal axis of said cylindrical member, εuch that two generally cylindrical rod-like optical connector ferruleε that are inserted within εaid cylindrical spring will be urged towards a centrally disposed parallel alignment with said longitudinal axis of said cylindrical member by said resilient force of said spring elements.

23. An optical connector as described in claim 22, wherein εaid εpring is formed of a non-electrically-conductive material.

24. An optical connector as described in claim 22 including a ferrule connection meanε being engaged to εaid housing and disposed for the releasable engagement of said two ferruleε with said housing.

25. An optical receptacle comprising: a houεing; εaid houεing having a generally cylindrical bore diεposed therethrough, having a longitudinal central axis thereof; εaid bore being dimensionally configured for the receipt of a ferrule of an optical connector therewithin; a cylindrical spring means being dispoεed within εaid bore, εaid cylindrical εpring meanε including: a thinwalled, generally cylindrical member, having a longitudinal central axis thereof; said cylindrical member being formed of a resilient material; a narrow gap being formed in εaid wall of εaid cylindrical member, εaid gap being parallel to εaid longitudinal axis of εaid cylindrical member; a plurality of slots being formed in said wall of εaid cylindrical member, εaid slots having closed ends and being generally long and narrow and disposed in said wall in .a parallel orientation to said longitudinal axis of said cylindrical member; a plurality of εpring elements being disposed in said wall of said cylindrical member between said slots; said spring elements each being generally long and narrow in shape and being disposed in a generally parallel orientation to said longitudinal axis of said cylindrical member; each of said εpring elementε having end portions that are integrally formed with said wall of said cylindrical member proximate said closed ends of εaid εlots; said spring elements each having centrally located portions along the length thereof that are disposed closer to said longitudinal axis of εaid cylindrical member than portionε of said spring elements that are disposed away from said central portion; said spring elements providing a resilient force that is perpendicular to said longitudinal axis of said cylindrical member, such that a generally cylindrical rod-like optical connector ferrule that is inεerted within said cylindrical spring will be urged towards a centrally disposed parallel alignment with said longitudinal axis of said cylindrical member by said resilient force of said spring elements; portions of εaid houεing being εhaped to make contact with εaid walls of said cylindrical spring to apply a displacement force to the walls of said cylindrical spring in the direction of said longitudinal central axis thereof, to diεplace portions of said wall nf said εpring and to hold εaid εpring in engagement within said housing.

27. A fiberoptic probe comprising: a handle means having a handle bore formed therein; an optical fiber passage means being diεposed within said handle bore and functioning to hold an optical fiber therewithin; an optical receptacle being engaged to said handle, and including a receptacle housing; said receptacle housing having a generally cylindrical receptacle bore dispoεed therethrough, having a longitudinal central axis thereof; said receptacle bore being dimensionally configured for the receipt of a ferrule of an optical connector therewithin; a resilient meanε being disposed within said receptacle bore, said reεilient meanε providing a generally uniform radial, inward restoring force relative to the longitudinal axis of said receptacle bore, whereby said ferrule will be urged to a centrally disposed orientation within said receptacle bore by said radial resilient force of said resilient means upon the insertion of said ferrule within εaid receptacle bore; said optical fiber passage means having a first end disposed within said handle means proximate said receptacle housing, such that an optical connection between εaid optical fiber and said ferrule may be accomplished upon the aεsertion of said ferrule within εaid receptacle bore.

28. A fiberoptic probe as described in claim 27 wherein a coolant passage is formed through said housing to facilitate the inletting and outletting of a coolant medium therethrough.

29. A fiberoptic probe aε deεcribed in claim 28 further including an optical connector meanε being engageable with said receptacle housing, said optical connector means including a connector housing, said connector houεing having a connector bore formed therein; a ferrule being disposed within said connector bore and having an optical fiber being centrally disposed therewithin; a coolant passage being formed through said housing to facilitate the inletting and outletting of a coolant medium therethrough.