US8574895B2 - Method and apparatus using optical techniques to measure analyte levels - Google Patents

Method and apparatus using optical techniques to measure analyte levels Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US8574895B2
US8574895B2 US10/541,124 US54112403A US8574895B2 US 8574895 B2 US8574895 B2 US 8574895B2 US 54112403 A US54112403 A US 54112403A US 8574895 B2 US8574895 B2 US 8574895B2
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
cartridge
penetrating
penetrating member
members
analyte
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active, expires
Application number
US10/541,124
Other versions
US20060204399A1 (en
Inventor
Dominique M. Freeman
Dirk Boecker
Robert Jones
David Cullen
Malcolm MacLeod
William Carlsen
Michael J. Owen
Christopher Dryer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sanofi Aventis Deutschland GmbH
Original Assignee
Sanofi Aventis Deutschland GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sanofi Aventis Deutschland GmbH filed Critical Sanofi Aventis Deutschland GmbH
Priority to US10/541,124 priority Critical patent/US8574895B2/en
Priority claimed from PCT/US2003/041702 external-priority patent/WO2004060446A2/en
Publication of US20060204399A1 publication Critical patent/US20060204399A1/en
Assigned to PELIKAN TECHNOLOGIES, INC. reassignment PELIKAN TECHNOLOGIES, INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: FREEMAN, DOMINIQUE M.
Assigned to SANOFI-AVENTIS DEUTSCHLAND GMBH reassignment SANOFI-AVENTIS DEUTSCHLAND GMBH ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: PELIKAN TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Priority to US13/532,927 priority patent/US9034639B2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US8574895B2 publication Critical patent/US8574895B2/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Adjusted expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/145Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue
    • A61B5/14532Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue for measuring glucose, e.g. by tissue impedance measurement
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/14Devices for taking samples of blood ; Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration within the blood, pH-value of blood
    • A61B5/1405Devices for taking blood samples
    • A61B5/1411Devices for taking blood samples by percutaneous method, e.g. by lancet
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/145Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/145Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue
    • A61B5/1455Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/150007Details
    • A61B5/150015Source of blood
    • A61B5/150022Source of blood for capillary blood or interstitial fluid
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/150007Details
    • A61B5/150053Details for enhanced collection of blood or interstitial fluid at the sample site, e.g. by applying compression, heat, vibration, ultrasound, suction or vacuum to tissue; for reduction of pain or discomfort; Skin piercing elements, e.g. blades, needles, lancets or canulas, with adjustable piercing speed
    • A61B5/150106Means for reducing pain or discomfort applied before puncturing; desensitising the skin at the location where body is to be pierced
    • A61B5/150152Means for reducing pain or discomfort applied before puncturing; desensitising the skin at the location where body is to be pierced by an adequate mechanical impact on the puncturing location
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/150007Details
    • A61B5/150053Details for enhanced collection of blood or interstitial fluid at the sample site, e.g. by applying compression, heat, vibration, ultrasound, suction or vacuum to tissue; for reduction of pain or discomfort; Skin piercing elements, e.g. blades, needles, lancets or canulas, with adjustable piercing speed
    • A61B5/150167Adjustable piercing speed of skin piercing element, e.g. blade, needle, lancet or canula, for example with varying spring force or pneumatic drive
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/150007Details
    • A61B5/150175Adjustment of penetration depth
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/150007Details
    • A61B5/150358Strips for collecting blood, e.g. absorbent
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/150007Details
    • A61B5/150374Details of piercing elements or protective means for preventing accidental injuries by such piercing elements
    • A61B5/150381Design of piercing elements
    • A61B5/150412Pointed piercing elements, e.g. needles, lancets for piercing the skin
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/150007Details
    • A61B5/150374Details of piercing elements or protective means for preventing accidental injuries by such piercing elements
    • A61B5/150381Design of piercing elements
    • A61B5/150503Single-ended needles
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/150007Details
    • A61B5/150374Details of piercing elements or protective means for preventing accidental injuries by such piercing elements
    • A61B5/150534Design of protective means for piercing elements for preventing accidental needle sticks, e.g. shields, caps, protectors, axially extensible sleeves, pivotable protective sleeves
    • A61B5/150572Pierceable protectors, e.g. shields, caps, sleeves or films, e.g. for hygienic purposes
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/151Devices specially adapted for taking samples of capillary blood, e.g. by lancets, needles or blades
    • A61B5/15101Details
    • A61B5/15103Piercing procedure
    • A61B5/15107Piercing being assisted by a triggering mechanism
    • A61B5/15113Manually triggered, i.e. the triggering requires a deliberate action by the user such as pressing a drive button
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/151Devices specially adapted for taking samples of capillary blood, e.g. by lancets, needles or blades
    • A61B5/15101Details
    • A61B5/15115Driving means for propelling the piercing element to pierce the skin, e.g. comprising mechanisms based on shape memory alloys, magnetism, solenoids, piezoelectric effect, biased elements, resilient elements, vacuum or compressed fluids
    • A61B5/15123Driving means for propelling the piercing element to pierce the skin, e.g. comprising mechanisms based on shape memory alloys, magnetism, solenoids, piezoelectric effect, biased elements, resilient elements, vacuum or compressed fluids comprising magnets or solenoids
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/151Devices specially adapted for taking samples of capillary blood, e.g. by lancets, needles or blades
    • A61B5/15101Details
    • A61B5/15126Means for controlling the lancing movement, e.g. 2D- or 3D-shaped elements, tooth-shaped elements or sliding guides
    • A61B5/1513Means for controlling the lancing movement, e.g. 2D- or 3D-shaped elements, tooth-shaped elements or sliding guides comprising linear sliding guides
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/151Devices specially adapted for taking samples of capillary blood, e.g. by lancets, needles or blades
    • A61B5/15146Devices loaded with multiple lancets simultaneously, e.g. for serial firing without reloading, for example by use of stocking means.
    • A61B5/15148Constructional features of stocking means, e.g. strip, roll, disc, cartridge, belt or tube
    • A61B5/15149Arrangement of piercing elements relative to each other
    • A61B5/15151Each piercing element being stocked in a separate isolated compartment
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/151Devices specially adapted for taking samples of capillary blood, e.g. by lancets, needles or blades
    • A61B5/15146Devices loaded with multiple lancets simultaneously, e.g. for serial firing without reloading, for example by use of stocking means.
    • A61B5/15148Constructional features of stocking means, e.g. strip, roll, disc, cartridge, belt or tube
    • A61B5/15157Geometry of stocking means or arrangement of piercing elements therein
    • A61B5/15159Piercing elements stocked in or on a disc
    • A61B5/15161Characterized by propelling the piercing element in a radial direction relative to the disc
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/151Devices specially adapted for taking samples of capillary blood, e.g. by lancets, needles or blades
    • A61B5/15146Devices loaded with multiple lancets simultaneously, e.g. for serial firing without reloading, for example by use of stocking means.
    • A61B5/15148Constructional features of stocking means, e.g. strip, roll, disc, cartridge, belt or tube
    • A61B5/15176Stocking means comprising cap, cover, sheath or protection for aseptic stocking
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/157Devices characterised by integrated means for measuring characteristics of blood
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01LCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/50Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
    • B01L3/502Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures
    • B01L3/5027Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip
    • B01L3/502715Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip characterised by interfacing components, e.g. fluidic, electrical, optical or mechanical interfaces
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/62Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
    • G01N21/63Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
    • G01N21/64Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
    • G01N21/6408Fluorescence; Phosphorescence with measurement of decay time, time resolved fluorescence
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/150007Details
    • A61B5/150206Construction or design features not otherwise provided for; manufacturing or production; packages; sterilisation of piercing element, piercing device or sampling device
    • A61B5/150274Manufacture or production processes or steps for blood sampling devices
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01LCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2200/00Solutions for specific problems relating to chemical or physical laboratory apparatus
    • B01L2200/02Adapting objects or devices to another
    • B01L2200/026Fluid interfacing between devices or objects, e.g. connectors, inlet details
    • B01L2200/027Fluid interfacing between devices or objects, e.g. connectors, inlet details for microfluidic devices
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01LCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2300/00Additional constructional details
    • B01L2300/08Geometry, shape and general structure
    • B01L2300/0803Disc shape
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01LCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2300/00Additional constructional details
    • B01L2300/08Geometry, shape and general structure
    • B01L2300/0887Laminated structure
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01LCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2400/00Moving or stopping fluids
    • B01L2400/04Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means
    • B01L2400/0403Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means specific forces
    • B01L2400/0406Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means specific forces capillary forces
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01LCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/50Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
    • B01L3/502Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures
    • B01L3/5025Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures for parallel transport of multiple samples

Definitions

  • Lancing devices are known in the medical health-care products industry for piercing the skin to produce blood for analysis.
  • a drop of blood for this type of analysis is obtained by making a small incision in the fingertip, creating a small wound, which generates a small blood droplet on the surface of the skin.
  • Another impediment to patient compliance is the lack of spontaneous blood flow generated by known lancing technology.
  • a patient may need more than one lancing event to obtain a blood sample since spontaneous blood generation is unreliable using known lancing technology.
  • the pain is multiplied by the number of attempts required by a patient to successfully generate spontaneous blood flow.
  • Different skin thickness may yield different results in terms of pain perception, blood yield and success rate of obtaining blood between different users of the lancing device.
  • Known devices poorly account for these skin thickness variations.
  • a still further impediment to improved compliance with glucose monitoring are the many steps and inconvenience associated with each lancing event.
  • Many diabetic patients that are insulin dependent may need to self-test for blood glucose levels five to six times daily.
  • the large number of steps required in traditional methods of glucose testing, ranging from lancing, to milking of blood, applying blood to a test strip, and getting the measurements from the test strip discourages many diabetic patients from testing their blood glucose levels as often as recommended.
  • Older patients and those with deteriorating motor skills encounter difficulty loading lancets into launcher devices, transferring blood onto a test strip, or inserting thin test strips into slots on glucose measurement meters.
  • wound channel left on the patient by known systems may also be of a size that discourages those who are active with their hands or who are concerned about healing of those wound channels from testing their glucose levels. Still further, the inconvenience of having to carry around a large number of individual test strips encumbers the users of conventional test equipment.
  • the present invention provides solutions for at least some of the drawbacks discussed above. Specifically, some embodiments of the present invention provide a multiple lancet solution to measuring analyte levels in the body.
  • the invention may use a high density design, with regards to the number of penetrating members in a cartridge or number of analyte detecting members on a cartridge.
  • the present invention may provide optical techniques for measuring analyte levels.
  • the present invention may provide manufacturing techniques for such optical analyte detecting members. At least some of these and other objectives described herein will be met by embodiments of the present invention.
  • a device for use with a metering device or tissue penetrating device for measuring analyte levels.
  • the device comprises a cartridge and a plurality of analyte detecting members mounted on the cartridge.
  • the cartridge may have a radial disc shape.
  • the cartridge may also be sized to fit within the metering device.
  • the analyte detecting members may be optical system using fluorescence lifetime to determine analyte levels.
  • the device may also include a fluid spreader positioned over at least a portion of the analyte detecting member to urge fluid toward one of the detecting members.
  • a plurality of analyte detecting members may be used. Each analyte detecting member may be a low volume device.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a system, according to an embodiment for use in piercing skin to obtain a blood sample
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of a portion of a replaceable penetrating member cartridge forming part of the system
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional end view on 3 - 3 in FIG. 2 ;
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional end view on 4 - 4 in FIG. 2 ;
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an apparatus forming part of the system and used for manipulating components of the cartridge, illustrating pivoting of a penetrating member accelerator in a downward direction;
  • FIG. 6A is a view similar to FIG. 5 , illustrating how the cartridge is rotated or advanced;
  • FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional side view illustrating how the penetrating member accelerator allows for the cartridge to be advanced
  • FIGS. 7A and 7B are views similar to FIGS. 6A and 6B , respectively, illustrating pivoting of the penetrating member accelerator in an opposite direction to engage with a select one of the penetrating members in the cartridge;
  • FIGS. 8A and 8B are views similar to FIGS. 7A and 7B , respectively, illustrating how the penetrating member accelerator moves the selected penetrating member to pierce skin;
  • FIGS. 9A and 9B are views similar to FIGS. 8A and 8B , respectively, illustrating how the penetrating member accelerator returns the penetrating member to its original position;
  • FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating functional components of the apparatus.
  • FIG. 11 is an end view illustrating a cartridge according to an optional embodiment that allows for better adhesion of sterilization barriers.
  • FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment having features of the invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment having features of the invention in operation.
  • FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a low-friction coating applied to one penetrating member contact surface.
  • FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a coating applied to one penetrating member contact surface which increases friction and improves the microscopic contact area between the penetrating member and the penetrating member contact surface.
  • FIG. 16 illustrates a portion of a penetrating member cartridge having an annular configuration with a plurality of radially oriented penetrating member slots and a distal edge of a drive member disposed in one of the penetrating member slots.
  • FIG. 17 is an elevational view in partial longitudinal section of a coated penetrating member in contact with a coated penetrating member contact surface.
  • FIG. 18 illustrates an embodiment of a lancing device having features of the invention.
  • FIG. 19 is a perspective view of a portion of a penetrating member cartridge base plate having a plurality of penetrating member slots and drive member guide slots disposed radially inward of and aligned with the penetrating member slots.
  • FIGS. 20-22 illustrate a penetrating member cartridge in section, a drive member, a penetrating member and the tip of a patient's finger during three sequential phases of a lancing cycle.
  • FIG. 23 illustrates an embodiment of a penetrating member cartridge having features of the invention.
  • FIG. 24 is an exploded view of a portion of the penetrating member cartridge of FIG. 12 .
  • FIGS. 25 and 26 illustrate a multiple layer sterility barrier disposed over a penetrating member slot being penetrated by the distal end of a penetrating member during a lancing cycle.
  • FIGS. 27 and 28 illustrate an embodiment of a drive member coupled to a driver wherein the drive member includes a cutting member having a sharpened edge which is configured to cut through a sterility barrier of a penetrating member slot during a lancing cycle in order for the drive member to make contact with the penetrating member.
  • FIGS. 29 and 30 illustrate an embodiment of a penetrating member slot in longitudinal section having a ramped portion disposed at a distal end of the penetrating member slot and a drive member with a cutting edge at a distal end thereof for cutting through a sterility barrier during a lancing cycle.
  • FIGS. 31-34 illustrate drive member slots in a penetrating member cartridge wherein at least a portion of the drive member slots have a tapered opening which is larger in transverse dimension at the top of the drive member slot than at the bottom of the drive member slot.
  • FIGS. 35-37 illustrate an embodiment of a penetrating member cartridge and penetrating member drive member wherein the penetrating member drive member has a contoured jaws configured to grip a penetrating member shaft.
  • FIGS. 38 and 39 show a portion of a lancing device having a lid that can be opened to expose a penetrating member cartridge cavity for removal of a used penetrating member cartridge and insertion of a new penetrating member cartridge.
  • FIGS. 40 and 41 illustrate a penetrating member cartridge that has penetrating member slots on both sides.
  • FIGS. 42-44 illustrate end and perspective views of a penetrating member cartridge having a plurality of penetrating member slots formed from a corrugated surface of the penetrating member cartridge.
  • FIGS. 45-48 illustrate embodiments of a penetrating member and drive member wherein the penetrating member has a slotted shaft and the drive member has a protuberance configured to mate with the slot in the penetrating member shaft.
  • FIG. 49 is a perspective view of a cartridge according to the present invention.
  • FIGS. 50 and 51 show close-ups of outer peripheries various cartridges.
  • FIG. 52 is a perspective view of an underside of a cartridge.
  • FIG. 53A shows a top down view of a cartridge and the punch and pusher devices.
  • FIG. 53B is a perspective view of one embodiment of a punch plate.
  • FIGS. 54A-54G show a sequence of motion for the punch plate, the cartridge, and the cartridge pusher.
  • FIGS. 55A-55B show cross-sections of the system according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 56A shows a perspective view of the system according to the present invention.
  • FIGS. 56B-56D are cut-away views showing mechanisms within the present invention.
  • FIGS. 57-65B show optional embodiments according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 66-68 shows a still further embodiment of a cartridge according to the present invention.
  • FIGS. 69A-69L show the sequence of motions associated with an optional embodiment of a cartridge according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 70-72 show views of a sample modules used with still further embodiments of a cartridge according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 73 shows a cartridge with a sterility barrier and an analyte detecting member layer.
  • FIG. 74-78 show still further embodiments of analyte detecting members coupled to a cartridge.
  • FIGS. 79-84 show optional configurations for a cartridge for use with the present invention.
  • FIG. 85 shows a see-through view of one embodiment of a system according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 86 is a schematic of an optional embodiment of a system according to the present invention.
  • FIGS. 87A-87B show still further embodiments of cartridges according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 88 shows a cartridge having an array of analyte detecting members.
  • FIGS. 89-90 show embodiments of illumination systems for use with the present invention.
  • FIGS. 91-96 show further embodiments using optical methods for analyte detection.
  • FIG. 97 shows a perspective view of one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 98 shows one embodiment of optics according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 99 shows one embodiment of pixel and storage configurations.
  • FIG. 100 is a graph showing fluorescence lifetime intensity.
  • FIGS. 101 through 104 show various embodiments of optics according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 105 shows one embodiment of a well with microbeads.
  • FIG. 106 through 107B show various configurations of wells and channels.
  • FIGS. 108 and 109 show configurations of penetrating members and wells.
  • FIG. 110 shows a still further configuration of optics according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 111 shows a disc-shaped cartridge with wells and attachable separators.
  • FIG. 112 shows a disc-shaped cartridge with a plurality of wells.
  • FIGS. 113-116 show methods for manufacturing cartridges with wells.
  • FIG. 117 shows one embodiment of the present invention using a separate cartridge for penetrating members and analyte detecting members.
  • the present invention provides a multiple analyte detecting member solution for body fluid sampling. Specifically, some embodiments of the present invention provide a multiple analyte detecting member and multiple lancet solution to measuring analyte levels in the body.
  • the invention may use a high density design. It may use lancets of smaller size, such as but not limited to diameter or length, than known lancets.
  • the device may be used for multiple lancing events without having to remove a disposable from the device.
  • the invention may provide improved sensing capabilities. At least some of these and other objectives described herein will be met by embodiments of the present invention.
  • “Optional” or “optionally” means that the subsequently described circumstance may or may not occur, so that the description includes instances where the circumstance occurs and instances where it does not. For example, if a device optionally contains a feature for analyzing a blood sample, this means that the analysis feature may or may not be present, and, thus, the description includes structures wherein a device possesses the analysis feature and structures wherein the analysis feature is not present.
  • “Analyte detecting member” refers to any use, singly or in combination, of chemical test reagents and methods, electrical test circuits and methods, physical test components and methods, optical test components and methods, and biological test reagents and methods to yield information about a blood sample. Some of these methods are well known in the art and may be based on teachings of, e.g. Tietz Textbook of Clinical Chemistry, 3d Ed., Sec. V, pp. 776-78 (Burtis & Ashwood, Eds., W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, 1999); U.S. Pat. No. 5,997,817 to Chrismore et al. (Dec. 7, 1999); U.S. Pat. No.
  • Analyte detecting member may include tests in the sample test chamber that test electrochemical properties of the blood, or they may include optical means for sensing optical properties of the blood (e.g. oxygen saturation level), or they may include biochemical reagents (e.g. antibodies) to sense properties (e.g. presence of antigens) of the blood.
  • the analyte detecting member may comprise biosensing or reagent material that will react with an analyte in blood (e.g. glucose) or other body fluid so that an appropriate signal correlating with the presence of the analyte is generated and can be read by the reader apparatus.
  • analyte detecting member may be “associated with”, “mounted within”, or “coupled to” a chamber or other structure when the analyte detecting member participates in the function of providing an appropriate signal about the blood sample to the reader device.
  • Analyte detecting member may also include nanowire analyte detecting members as described herein. Analyte detecting member may use any, singly or in combination, potentiometric, coulometric, or other method useful for detection of analyte levels.
  • FIGS. 1-11 of the accompanying drawings illustrates one embodiment of a system 10 for piercing tissue to obtain a blood sample.
  • the system 10 may include a replaceable cartridge 12 and an apparatus 14 for removably receiving the cartridge 12 and for manipulating components of the cartridge 12 .
  • the cartridge 12 may include a plurality of penetrating members 18 .
  • the cartridge 12 may be in the form of a circular disc and has an outer circular surface 20 and an opening forming an inner circular surface 22 .
  • a plurality of grooves 24 are formed in a planar surface 26 of the cartridge 12 .
  • Each groove 24 is elongated and extends radially out from a center point of the cartridge 12 .
  • Each groove 24 is formed through the outer circular surface 20 .
  • the grooves 24 are formed over the entire circumference of the planar surface 26 . As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 , each groove 24 is relatively narrow closer to the center point of the cartridge 12 and slightly wider further from the center point.
  • These grooves 24 may be molded into the cartridge 12 , machined into the cartridge, forged, pressed, or formed using other methods useful in the manufacture of medical devices.
  • each penetrating member 18 has an elongated body 26 and a sharpened distal end 27 having a sharp tip 30 .
  • the penetrating member 18 may have a circular cross-section with a diameter in this embodiment of about 0.315 mm. All outer surfaces of the penetrating member 18 may have the same coefficient of friction.
  • the penetrating member may be, but is not necessarily, a bare lancet.
  • the lancet is “bare”, in the sense that no raised formations or molded parts are formed thereon that are complementarily engageable with another structure.
  • Traditional lancets include large plastic molded parts that are used to facilitate engagement. Unfortunately, such attachments add size and cost.
  • a bare lancet or bare penetrating member is an elongate wire having sharpened end. If it is of sufficiently small diameter, the tip may be penetrating without having to be sharpened.
  • a bare lancet may be bent and still be considered a bare lancet.
  • the bare lancet in one embodiment may be made of one material.
  • each penetrating member 18 is located in a respective one of the grooves 24 .
  • the penetrating members 18 have their sharpened distal ends 27 pointed radially out from the center point of the cartridge 12 .
  • a proximal end of each penetrating member 15 may engage in an interference fit with opposing sides of a respective groove 24 as shown in FIG. 3 .
  • Other embodiments of the cartridge 12 may not use such an interference fit.
  • they may use a fracturable adhesive to releasably secure the penetrating member 18 to the cartridge 12 .
  • more distal portions of the penetrating member 18 are not engaged with the opposing sides of the groove 24 due to the larger spacing between the sides.
  • the cartridge 12 may further include a sterilization barrier 28 attached to the upper surface 26 .
  • the sterilization barrier 28 is located over the penetrating members 18 and serves to insulate the penetrating members 18 from external contaminants.
  • the sterilization barrier 28 is made of a material that can easily be broken when an edge of a device applies a force thereto.
  • the sterilization barrier 28 alone or in combination with other barriers may be used to create a sterile environment about at least the tip of the penetrating member prior to lancing or actuation.
  • the sterilization barrier 28 may be made of a variety of materials such as but not limited to metallic foil, aluminum foil, paper, polymeric material, or laminates combining any of the above. Other details of the sterilization barrier are detailed herein.
  • the apparatus 14 may include a housing 30 , an initiator button 32 , a penetrating member movement subassembly 34 , a cartridge advance subassembly 36 , batteries 38 , a capacitor 40 , a microprocessor controller 42 , and switches 44 .
  • the housing 30 may have a lower portion 46 and a lid 48 .
  • the lid 48 is secured to the lower portion 46 with a hinge 50 .
  • the lower portion 46 may have a recess 52 .
  • a circular opening 54 in the lower portion 46 defines an outer boundary of the recess 52 and a level platform 56 of the lower portion 46 defines a base of the recess 52 .
  • the lid 48 of the present embodiment is pivoted into a position as shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the cartridge 12 is flipped over and positioned in the recess 52 .
  • the planar surface 26 rests against the level platform 56 and the circular opening 54 contacts the outer circular surface 20 to prevent movement of the cartridge 12 in a plane thereof.
  • the lid 48 is then pivoted in a direction 60 and closes the cartridge 12 .
  • the penetrating member movement subassembly 34 includes a lever 62 , a penetrating member accelerator 64 , a linear actuator 66 , and a spring 68 .
  • Other suitable actuators including but not limited to rotary actuators are described in commonly assigned, copending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/127,395 filed Apr. 19, 2002.
  • the lever 62 may be pivotably secured to the lower portion 46 .
  • the button 32 is located in an accessible position external of the lower portion 46 and is connected by a shaft 70 through the lower portion 46 to one end of the lever 62 .
  • the penetrating member accelerator 64 is mounted to an opposing end of the lever 62 .
  • a user depresses the button 32 in an upward direction 66 so that the shaft 70 pivots the end of the lever 62 to which it is connected in an upward direction.
  • the opposing end of the lever pivots in a downward direction 66 .
  • the spring 46 is positioned between the button 32 and the base 40 and compresses when the button 32 is depressed to create a force that tends to move the button 32 down and pivot the penetrating member accelerator upward in a direction opposite to the direction 64 .
  • the movement of the button into the position shown in FIG. 5 also causes contact between a terminal 74 on the shaft 20 with a terminal 70 secured to the lower portion 46 .
  • Contact between the terminals 74 and 76 indicates that the button 32 has been fully depressed.
  • the cartridge advancer subsystem 36 includes a pinion gear 80 and a stepper motor 82 .
  • the stepper motor 82 is secured to the lower portion 46 .
  • the pinion gear 80 is secured to the stepper motor 82 and is rotated by the stepper motor 82 .
  • Teeth on the pinion gear 80 engage with teeth on the inner circular surface 22 of the cartridge 12 .
  • Rotation of the pinion gear 80 causes rotation of the cartridge 12 about the center point thereof.
  • the stepper motor 82 is operated to rotate the cartridge 12 through a discrete angle equal to an angular spacing from a centerline of one of the penetrating members 18 to a centerline of an adjacent penetrating member.
  • a select penetrating member 18 is so moved over the penetrating member accelerator 64 , as shown in FIG. 6B . Subsequent depressions of the button 32 will cause rotation of subsequent adjacent penetrating members 18 into a position over the penetrating member accelerator 64 .
  • the force created by the spring 68 or other resilient member moves the button 32 in a downward direction 76 .
  • the shaft 70 is pivotably secured to the lever 62 so that the shaft 70 moves the end of the lever 62 to which it is connected down.
  • the opposite end of the lever 62 pivots the penetrating member accelerator 64 upward in a direction 80 .
  • an edge 82 of the penetrating member accelerator 64 breaks through a portion of the sterilization barrier 28 and comes in to physical contact with a lower side surface of the penetrating member 18 .
  • the linear actuator 66 includes separate advancing coils 86 A and retracting coils 86 B, and a magnetizable slug 90 within the coils 86 A and 86 B.
  • the coils 86 A and 86 B are secured to the lower portion of 46 , and the slug 90 can move within the coils 86 A and 88 B.
  • a bearing 91 is secured to the lever and the penetrating member accelerator 64 has a slot 92 over the bearing 91 .
  • the slot 92 allows for the movement of the penetrating member accelerator 64 in the direction 88 relative to the lever 62 , so that the force created on the slug moves the penetrating member accelerator 64 in the direction 88 .
  • the spring 68 is not entirely relaxed, so that the spring 68 , through the lever 62 , biases the penetrating member accelerator 64 against the lower side surface of the penetrating member 18 with a force F 1 .
  • the penetrating member 18 rests against a base 88 of the cartridge 12 .
  • An equal and opposing force F 2 is created by the base 88 on an upper side surface of the penetrating member 18 .
  • the edge 82 of the penetrating member accelerator 64 has a much higher coefficient of friction than the base 88 of the cartridge 12 .
  • the higher coefficient of friction of the edge contributes to a relatively high friction force F 3 on the lower side surface of the penetrating member 18 .
  • the relatively low coefficient of friction of the base 88 creates a relatively small friction force F 4 on the upper side surface of the penetrating member 18 .
  • a difference between the force F 3 and F 4 is a resultant force that accelerates the penetrating member in the direction 88 relative to the cartridge 12 .
  • the penetrating member is moved out of the interference fit illustrated in FIG. 3 .
  • the bare penetrating member 18 is moved without the need for any engagement formations on the penetrating member.
  • FIGS. 9A and 9B After the penetrating member is accelerated (for example, but not limitation, less than 0.25 seconds thereafter), the current to the accelerating coils 86 A is turned off and the current is provided to the retracting coils 86 B. The slug 90 moves in an opposite direction 92 together with the penetrating member accelerator 64 . The penetrating member accelerator 64 then returns the used penetrating member into its original position, i.e., the same as shown in FIG. 7B .
  • sterile penetrating members can so be used until all the penetrating members have been used, i.e., after one complete revolution of the cartridge 12 .
  • a second revolution of the cartridge 12 is disallowed to prevent the use of penetrating members that have been used in a previous revolution and have become contaminated.
  • the user can continue to use the apparatus 14 is by opening ‘the lid 48 as shown in FIG. 1 , removing the used cartridge 12 , and replacing the used cartridge with another cartridge.
  • a detector (not shown) detects whenever a cartridge is removed and replaced with another cartridge. Such a detector may be but is not limited to an optical sensor, an electrical contact sensor, a bar code reader, or the like.
  • FIG. 10 illustrates the manner in which the electrical components may be functionally interconnected for the present embodiment.
  • the battery 38 provides power to the capacitor 40 and the controller 42 .
  • the terminal 76 is connected to the controller 42 so that the controller recognizes when the button 32 is depressed.
  • the capacitor to provide power (electric potential and current) individually through the switches (such as but not limited to field-effect transistors) to the advancing coils 86 A, retracting coils 86 B and the stepper motor 82 .
  • the switches 44 A, B, and C are all under the control of the controller 42 .
  • a memory 100 is connected to the controller.
  • a set of instructions is stored in the memory 100 and is readable by the controller 42 . Further functioning of the controller 42 in combination with the terminal 76 and the switches 44 A, B, and C should be evident from the foregoing description.
  • FIG. 11 illustrates a configuration for another embodiment of a cartridge having penetrating members.
  • the cartridge 112 has a corrugated configuration and a plurality of penetrating members 118 in grooves 124 formed in opposing sides of the cartridge 112 .
  • Sterilization barriers 126 and 128 are attached over the penetrating members 118 at the top and the penetrating members 118 at the bottom, respectively.
  • Such an arrangement provides large surfaces for attachment of the sterilization barriers 126 and 128 . All the penetrating members 118 on the one side are used first, whereafter the cartridge 112 is turned over and the penetrating members 118 on the other side are used. Additional aspects of such a cartridge are also discussed in FIGS. 42-44 .
  • surface 201 is physically in contact with penetrating member 202 .
  • Surface 203 is also physically in contact with penetrating member 202 .
  • surface 201 is stainless steel
  • penetrating member 202 is stainless steel
  • surface 203 is polytetrafluoroethylene-coated stainless steel.
  • FIG. 13 illustrates one embodiment of the friction based coupling in use.
  • Normal force 206 may be applied vertically to surface 201 , pressing it against penetrating member 202 . Penetrating member 202 is thereby pressed against surface 203 . Normal force 206 is transmitted through surface 201 and penetrating member 202 to also act between penetrating member 202 and surface 203 .
  • Surface 203 is held rigid or stationary with respect to a target of the lancet.
  • the maximum frictional force between surface 201 and penetrating member 202 is equal to the friction coefficient between surface 201 and penetrating member 202 multiplied by the normal force between surface 201 and penetrating member 202 .
  • the maximum frictional force between surface 203 and penetrating member 202 is equal to the coefficient of friction between the surface 203 and the penetrating member 202 multiplied by the normal force between the surface 203 and the penetrating member 202 . Because friction coefficient between surface 203 and penetrating member 202 is less than friction coefficient between surface 201 and penetrating member 202 , the interface between surface 201 and penetrating member 202 can develop a higher maximum static friction force than can the interface between surface 203 and penetrating member 202 .
  • Driving force as indicated by arrow 207 is applied to surface 201 perpendicular to normal force 206 .
  • the sum of the forces acting horizontally on surface 201 is the sum of driving force 207 and the friction force developed at the interface of surface 201 and penetrating member 202 , which acts in opposition to driving force 207 . Since the coefficient of friction between surface 203 and penetrating member 202 is less than the coefficient of friction between surface 201 and penetrating member 202 , penetrating member 202 and surface 201 will remain stationary with respect to each other and can be considered to behave as one piece when driving force 207 just exceeds the maximum frictional force that can be supported by the interface between surface 203 and penetrating member 202 .
  • Surface 201 and penetrating member 202 can be considered one piece because the coefficient of friction between surface 201 and penetrating member 202 is high enough to prevent relative motion between the two.
  • the coefficient of friction between surface 201 and penetrating member 202 is approximately 0.8 corresponding to the coefficient of friction between two surfaces of stainless steel, while the coefficient of friction between surface 203 and penetrating member 202 is approximately 0.04, corresponding to the coefficient of friction between a surface of stainless steel and one of polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • Normal force 206 has a value of 202 Newtons. Using these values, the maximum frictional force that the interface between surface 201 and penetrating member 202 can support is 1.6 Newtons, while the maximum frictional force that the interface between surface 203 and penetrating member 202 can support is 0.08 Newtons.
  • driving force 207 exceeds 0.08 Newtons, surface 201 and penetrating member 202 will begin to accelerate together with respect to surface 203 . Likewise, if driving force 207 exceeds 1.6 Newtons and penetrating member 202 encounters a rigid barrier, surface 201 would move relative to penetrating member 202 .
  • penetrating member 202 has a mass of 8.24 ⁇ 10-6 kg.
  • An acceleration of 194,174 m/s2 of penetrating member 202 would therefore be required to exceed the frictional force between penetrating member 202 and surface 201 , corresponding to approximately 19,800 g's.
  • other methods of applying friction base coupling may also be used.
  • the penetrating member 202 may be engaged by a coupler using a interference fit to create the frictional engagement with the member.
  • FIG. 14 illustrates a polytetrafluoroethylene coating on stainless steel surface 203 in detail.
  • the surface 203 may be coated with other materials such as but not limited to Telfon®, silicon, polymer or glass.
  • the coating may cover all of the penetrating member, only the proximal portions, only the distal portions, only the tip, only some other portion, or some combination of some or all of the above.
  • FIG. 15 illustrates a doping of lead applied to surface 201 , which conforms to penetrating member 202 microscopically when pressed against it. Both of these embodiments and other coated embodiments of a penetrating member may be used with the actuation methods described herein.
  • surface 201 and surface 102 could be some form other than shown in FIGS. 12-15 .
  • surface 201 could be the surface of a wheel, which when rotated causes penetrating member 202 to advance or retract relative to surface 203 .
  • Surface 201 could be coated with another conformable material besides lead, such as but not limited to a plastic. It could also be coated with particles, such as but not limited to diamond dust, or given a surface texture to enhance the friction coefficient of surface 201 with penetrating member 202 .
  • Surface 202 could be made of or coated with diamond, fluorinated ethylene propylene, perfluoroalkoxy, a copolymer of ethylene and tetrafluoroethylene, a copolymer of ethylene and chlorotrifluoroethylene, or any other material with a coefficient of friction with penetrating member 202 lower than that of the material used for surface 201 .
  • a portion of a base plate 210 of an embodiment of a penetrating member cartridge is shown with a plurality of penetrating member slots 212 disposed in a radial direction cut into a top surface 214 of the base plate.
  • a drive member 216 is shown with a distal edge 218 disposed within one of the penetrating member slots 212 of the base plate 210 .
  • the distal edge 218 of the drive member 216 is configured to slide within the penetrating member slots 212 with a minimum of friction but with a close fit to minimize lateral movement during a lancing cycle.
  • FIG. 17 shows a distal portion 220 of a coated penetrating member 222 in partial longitudinal section.
  • the coated penetrating member 222 has a core portion 224 , a coating 226 and a tapered distal end portion 228 .
  • a portion of a coated drive member 230 is shown having a coating 234 with penetrating member contact surface 236 .
  • the penetrating member contact surface 236 forms an interface 238 with an outer surface 240 of the coated penetrating member 222 .
  • the interface 238 has a characteristic friction coefficient that will depend in part on the choice of materials for the penetrating member coating 226 and the drive member coating 234 .
  • the penetrating member and drive member coating 226 and 236 yields a friction coefficient of about 1.3 to about 1.5.
  • Other materials can be used for coatings 226 and 236 to achieve the desired friction coefficient.
  • gold, platinum, stainless steel and other materials may be used for coatings 226 and 236 . It may be desirable to use combinations of different materials for coatings 226 and 236 .
  • an embodiment may include silver for a penetrating member coating 226 and gold for a drive member coating.
  • Some embodiments of the interface 238 can have friction coefficients of about 1.15 to about 5.0, specifically, about 1.3 to about 2.0.
  • Embodiments of the penetrating member 222 can have an outer transverse dimension or diameter of about 200 to about 400 microns, specifically, about 275 to about 325 microns. Embodiments of penetrating member 222 can have a length of about 10 to about 30 millimeters, specifically, about 15 to about 25 millimeters. Penetrating member 222 can be made from any suitable high strength alloy such as but not limited to stainless steel or the like.
  • FIG. 18 is a perspective view of a lancing device 242 having features of the invention.
  • a penetrating member cartridge 244 is disposed about a driver 246 that is coupled to a drive member 248 by a coupler rod 250 .
  • the penetrating member cartridge 244 has a plurality of penetrating member slots 252 disposed in a radial configuration in a top surface 254 a base plate 256 of the penetrating member cartridge 244 .
  • the distal ends 253 of the penetrating member slots 252 are disposed at an outer surface 260 of the base plate 256 .
  • a fracturable sterility barrier 258 shown partially cut away, is disposed on the top surface 254 of base plate 256 over the plurality of penetrating member slots 252 .
  • the sterility barrier 258 is also disposed over the outer surface 260 of the base plate 256 in order to seal the penetrating member slots from contamination prior to a lancing cycle.
  • a distal portion of a penetrating member 262 is shown extending radially from the penetrating member cartridge 244 in the direction of a patient's finger 264 .
  • FIG. 19 illustrates a portion of the base plate 256 used with the lancing device 242 in more detail and without sterility barrier 258 in place (for ease of illustration).
  • the base plate 256 includes a plurality of penetrating member slots 252 which are in radial alignment with corresponding drive member slots 266 .
  • the drive member slots 266 have an optional tapered input configuration that may facilitate alignment of the drive member 248 during downward movement into the drive member slot 266 and penetrating member slot 252 .
  • Penetrating member slots 252 are sized and configured to accept a penetrating member 262 disposed therein and allow axial movement of the penetrating member 262 within the penetrating member slots 252 without substantial lateral movement.
  • penetrating member cartridge 242 is placed in an operational configuration with the driver 246 .
  • a lancing cycle is initiated and the drive member 248 is brought down through the sterility barrier 258 and into a penetrating member slot 252 .
  • a penetrating member contact surface of the drive member then makes contact with an outside surface of the penetrating member 262 and is driven distally toward the patient's finger 264 as described above with regard to the embodiment discussed in FIG. 20 .
  • the friction coefficient between the penetrating member contact surface of the drive member 248 and the penetrating member 262 is greater than the friction coefficient between the penetrating member 262 and an interior surface of the penetrating member slots 252 .
  • the drive member 248 is able to drive the penetrating member 262 distally through the sterility barrier 258 and into the patient's finger 264 without any relative movement or substantial relative movement between the drive member 248 and the penetrating member 262 .
  • FIGS. 20-22 a lancing cycle sequence is shown for a lancing device 242 with another embodiment of a penetrating member cartridge 244 as shown in FIGS. 23 and 24 .
  • the base plate 256 of the penetrating member cartridge 242 shown in FIGS. 23 and 24 has a plurality of penetrating member slots 252 with top openings 268 that do not extend radially to the outer surface 260 of the base plate 256 .
  • the penetrating member slots 252 can be sealed with a first sterility barrier 270 disposed on the top surface 254 of the base plate 256 and a second sterility barrier 272 disposed on the outer surface 260 of the base plate 256 .
  • Penetrating member outlet ports 274 are disposed at the distal ends of the penetrating member slots 252 .
  • the penetrating member 262 is shown in the proximally retracted starting position within the penetrating member slot 252 .
  • the outer surface of the penetrating member 276 is in contact with the penetrating member contact surface 278 of the drive member 248 .
  • the friction coefficient between the penetrating member contact surface 278 of the drive member 248 and the outer surface 276 of the penetrating member 262 is greater than the friction coefficient between the penetrating member 262 and an interior surface 280 of the penetrating member slots 252 .
  • a distal drive force as indicated by arrow 282 in FIG.
  • a proximal retraction force is then applied to the drive member 248 and the penetrating member 262 is withdrawn from the patient's finger 264 and back into the penetrating member slot 252 .
  • FIGS. 25 and 26 illustrate an embodiment of a multiple layer sterility barrier 258 in the process of being penetrated by a penetrating member 62 . It should be understood that this barrier 258 may be adapted for use with any embodiment of the present invention.
  • the sterility barrier 258 shown in FIGS. 25 and 26 is a two layer sterility barrier 258 that facilitates maintaining sterility of the penetrating member 262 as it passes through and exits the sterility barrier 258 .
  • FIG. 25 and 26 illustrate an embodiment of a multiple layer sterility barrier 258 in the process of being penetrated by a penetrating member 62 . It should be understood that this barrier 258 may be adapted for use with any embodiment of the present invention.
  • the sterility barrier 258 shown in FIGS. 25 and 26 is a two layer sterility barrier 258 that facilitates maintaining sterility of the penetrating member 262 as it passes through and exits the sterility barrier 258 .
  • FIG. 25 and 26 illustrate an
  • the distal end 286 of the penetrating member 262 is applying an axial force in a distal direction against an inside surface 288 of a first layer 290 of the sterility barrier 258 , so as to deform the first layer 290 of the sterility barrier 258 .
  • the deformation 291 of the first layer 290 in turn applies a distorting force to the second layer 292 of the sterility barrier 258 .
  • the second layer of the sterility barrier is configured to have a lower tensile strength that the first layer 290 .
  • the second layer 292 fails prior to the first layer 290 due to the strain imposed on the first layer 290 by the distal end 286 of the penetrating member 262 , as shown in FIG. 26 .
  • the second layer 292 After the second layer 292 fails, it then retracts from the deformed portion 291 of the first layer 290 as shown by arrows 294 in FIG. 26 . As long as the inside surface 288 and outside surface 296 of the first layer 290 are sterile prior to failure of the second layer 292 , the penetrating member 262 will remain sterile as it passes through the first layer 290 once the first layer eventually fails.
  • a multiple layer sterility barrier 258 can be used for any of the embodiments discussed herein.
  • the multiple layer sterility barrier 258 can also include three or more layers.
  • a drive member 300 coupled to a driver 302 wherein the drive member 300 includes a cutting member 304 having a sharpened edge 306 which is configured to cut through a sterility barrier 258 of a penetrating member slot 252 during a lancing cycle in order for the drive member 300 to make contact with a penetrating member.
  • An optional lock pin 308 on the cutting member 304 can be configured to engage the top surface 310 of the base plate in order to prevent distal movement of the cutting member 304 with the drive member 300 during a lancing cycle.
  • FIGS. 29 and 30 illustrate an embodiment of a penetrating member slot 316 in longitudinal section having a ramped portion 318 disposed at a distal end 320 of the penetrating member slot.
  • a drive member 322 is shown partially disposed within the penetrating member slot 316 .
  • the drive member 322 has a cutting edge 324 at a distal end 326 thereof for cutting through a sterility barrier 328 during a lancing cycle.
  • FIG. 30 illustrates the cutting edge 324 cutting through the sterility barrier 328 during a lancing cycle with the cut sterility barrier 328 peeling away from the cutting edge 324 .
  • FIGS. 31-34 illustrate drive member slots in a base plate 330 of a penetrating member cartridge wherein at least a portion of the drive member slots have a tapered opening which is larger in transverse dimension at a top surface of the base plate than at the bottom of the drive member slot.
  • FIG. 31 illustrates a base plate 330 with a penetrating member slot 332 that is tapered at the input 334 at the top surface 336 of the base plate 330 along the entire length of the penetrating member slot 332 .
  • the penetrating member slot and drive member slot would be in communication and continuous along the entire length of the slot 332 .
  • a base plate 338 as shown in FIGS.
  • the 32 and 33 can have a drive member slot 340 that is axially separated from the corresponding penetrating member slot 342 .
  • the drive member slot 340 can have a tapered configuration and the penetrating member slot 342 can have a straight walled configuration.
  • this configuration can be used for corrugated embodiments of base plates 346 as shown in FIG. 34 .
  • a drive member 348 is disposed within a drive member slot 350 .
  • a penetrating member contact surface 352 is disposed on the drive member 348 .
  • the contact surface 352 has a tapered configuration that will facilitate lateral alignment of the drive member 348 with the drive member slot 350 .
  • FIGS. 35-37 illustrate an embodiment of a penetrating member cartridge 360 and drive member 362 wherein the drive member 362 has contoured jaws 364 configured to grip a penetrating member shaft 366 .
  • the drive member 362 and penetrating member shaft 366 are shown in transverse cross section with the contoured jaws 364 disposed about the penetrating member shaft 366 .
  • a pivot point 368 is disposed between the contoured jaws 364 and a tapered compression slot 370 in the drive member 362 .
  • a compression wedge 372 is shown disposed within the tapered compression slot 370 . Insertion of the compression wedge 372 into the compression slot 370 as indicated by arrow 374 , forces the contoured jaws 364 to close about and grip the penetrating member shaft 366 as indicated by arrows 376 .
  • FIG. 36 shows the drive member 362 in position about a penetrating member shaft 366 in a penetrating member slot 378 in the penetrating member cartridge 360 .
  • the drive member can be actuated by the methods discussed above with regard to other drive member and driver embodiments.
  • FIG. 37 is an elevational view in longitudinal section of the penetrating member shaft 166 disposed within the penetrating member slot 378 .
  • the arrows 380 and 382 indicate in a general way, the path followed by the drive member 362 during a lancing cycle.
  • the drive member comes down into the penetrating member slot 378 as indicated by arrow 380 through an optional sterility barrier (not shown).
  • the contoured jaws of the drive member then clamp about the penetrating member shaft 366 and move forward in a distal direction so as to drive the penetrating member into the skin of a patient as indicated by arrow 382 .
  • FIGS. 38 and 39 show a portion of a lancing device 390 having a lid 392 that can be opened to expose a penetrating member cartridge cavity 394 for removal of a used penetrating member cartridge 396 and insertion of a new penetrating member cartridge 398 .
  • Depression of button 400 in the direction indicated by arrow 402 raises the drive member 404 from the surface of the penetrating member cartridge 396 by virtue of lever action about pivot point 406 .
  • Raising the lid 392 actuates the lever arm 408 in the direction indicated by arrow 410 which in turn applies a tensile force to cable 412 in the direction indicated by arrow 414 .
  • This action pulls the drive member back away from the penetrating member cartridge 396 so that the penetrating member cartridge 396 can be removed from the lancing device 390 .
  • a new penetrating member cartridge 398 can then be inserted into the lancing device 390 and the steps above reversed in order to position the drive member 404 above the penetrating member cartridge 398 in an operational position.
  • FIGS. 40 and 41 illustrate a penetrating member cartridge 420 that has penetrating member slots 422 on a top side 424 and a bottom side 426 of the penetrating member cartridge 420 .
  • This allows for a penetrating member cartridge 420 of a diameter D to store for use twice the number of penetrating members as a one sided penetrating member cartridge of the same diameter D.
  • FIGS. 42-44 illustrate end and perspective views of a penetrating member cartridge 430 having a plurality of penetrating member slots 432 formed from a corrugated surface 434 of the penetrating member cartridge 430 .
  • Penetrating members 436 are disposed on both sides of the penetrating member cartridge 430 .
  • a sterility barrier 438 is shown disposed over the penetrating member slots 432 in FIG. 44 .
  • FIGS. 45-48 illustrate embodiments of a penetrating member 440 and drive member 442 wherein the penetrating member 440 has a transverse slot 444 in the penetrating member shaft 446 and the drive member 442 has a protuberance 448 configured to mate with the transverse slot 444 in the penetrating member shaft 446 .
  • FIG. 45 shows a protuberance 448 having a tapered configuration that matches a tapered configuration of the transverse slot 444 in the penetrating member shaft 446 .
  • FIG. 46 illustrates an optional alternative embodiment wherein the protuberance 448 has straight walled sides that are configured to match the straight walled sides of the transverse slot 444 shown in FIG. 46 .
  • FIG. 47 shows a tapered protuberance 448 that is configured to leave an end gap 450 between an end of the protuberance 448 and a bottom of the transverse slot in the penetrating member shaft 446 .
  • FIG. 48 illustrates a mechanism 452 to lock the drive member 442 to the penetrating member shaft 446 that has a lever arm 454 with an optional bearing 456 on the first end 458 thereof disposed within a guide slot 459 of the drive member 442 .
  • the lever arm 454 has a pivot point 460 disposed between the first end 458 of the lever arm 454 and the second end 462 of the lever arm 454 .
  • a biasing force is disposed on the second end 462 of the lever arm 454 by a spring member 464 that is disposed between the second end 462 of the lever arm 454 and a base plate 466 .
  • the biasing force in the direction indicated by arrow 468 forces the penetrating member contact surface 470 of the drive member 442 against the outside surface of the penetrating member 446 and, in addition, forces the protuberance 448 of the drive member 442 into the transverse slot 444 of the penetrating member shaft 446 .
  • FIG. 49 another embodiment of a replaceable cartridge 500 suitable for housing a plurality of individually moveable penetrating members (not shown) will be described in further detail.
  • cartridge 500 is shown with a chamfered outer periphery, it should also be understood that less chamfered and unchamfered embodiments of the cartridge 500 may also be adapted for use with any embodiment of the present invention disclosed herein.
  • the penetrating members slidably coupled to the cartridge may be a bare lancet or bare elongate member without outer molded part or body pieces as seen in conventional lancet. The bare design reduces cost and simplifies manufacturing of penetrating members for use with the present invention.
  • the penetrating members may be retractable and held within the cartridge so that they are not able to be used again.
  • the cartridge is replaceable with a new cartridge once all the piercing members have been used.
  • the lancets or penetrating members may be fully contained in the used cartridge so at to minimize the chance of patient contact with such waste.
  • the cartridge 500 may include a plurality of cavities 501 for housing a penetrating member.
  • the cavity 501 may have a longitudinal opening 502 associated with the cavity.
  • the cavity 501 may also have a lateral opening 503 allowing the penetrating member to exit radially outward from the cartridge.
  • the outer radial portion of the cavity may be narrowed.
  • the upper portion of this narrowed area may also be sealed or swaged to close the top portion 505 and define an enclosed opening 506 as shown in FIG. 50 .
  • the narrowed area 504 may retain an open top configuration, though in some embodiments, the foil over the gap is unbroken, preventing the penetrating member from lifting up or extending upward out of the cartridge.
  • the narrowed portion 504 may act as a bearing and/or guide for the penetrating member.
  • FIG. 51 shows that the opening 506 may have a variety of shapes such as but not limited to, circular, rectangular, triangular, hexagonal, square, or combinations of any or all of the previous shapes. Openings 507 (shown in phantom) for other microfluidics, capillary tubes, or the like may also be incorporated in the immediate vicinity of the opening 506 . In some optional embodiments, such openings 507 may be configured to surround the opening 506 in a concentric or other manner.
  • FIG. 52 the underside of a cartridge 500 will be described in further detail.
  • This figures shows many features on one cartridge 500 .
  • a cartridge may include some, none, or all of these features, but they are shown in FIG. 52 for ease of illustration.
  • the underside may include indentations or holes 510 close to the inner periphery for purpose of properly positioning the cartridge to engage a penetrating member gripper and/or to allow an advancing device (shown in FIGS. 56B and 56C ) to rotate the cartridge 500 .
  • Indentations or holes 511 may be formed along various locations on the underside of cartridge 500 and may assume various shapes such as but not limited to, circular, rectangular, triangular, hexagonal, square, or combinations of any or all of the previous shapes.
  • Notches 512 may also be formed along the inner surface of the cartridge 500 to assist in alignment and/or rotation of the cartridge. It should be understood of course that some of these features may also be placed on the topside of the cartridge in areas not occupied by cavities 501 that house the penetrating members.
  • Notches 513 may also be incorporated along the outer periphery of the cartridge. These notches 513 may be used to gather excess material from the sterility barrier 28 (not shown) that may be used to cover the angled portion 514 of the cartridge.
  • the cartridge has a flat top surface and an angled surface around the outside. Welding a foil type sterility barrier over that angled surface, the foil folds because of the change in the surfaces which is now at 45 degrees. This creates excess material.
  • the grooves or notches 513 are there as a location for that excess material. Placing the foil down into those grooves 513 which may tightly stretch the material across the 45 degree angled surface.
  • the surface is shown to be at 45 degrees, it should be understood that other angles may also be used.
  • the surface may be at any angle between about 3 degrees to 90 degrees, relative to horizontal.
  • the surface may be squared off.
  • the surface may be unchamfered.
  • the surface may also be a curved surface or it may be combinations of a variety of angled surfaces, curved and straights surfaces, or any combination of some or all of the above.
  • each cavity on the cartridge may be individually sealed with a foil cover or other sterile enclosure material to maintain sterility until or just before the time of use.
  • penetrating members are released from their sterile environments just prior to actuation and are loaded onto a launcher mechanism for use. Releasing the penetrating member from the sterile environment prior to launch allows the penetrating member in the present embodiment to be actuated without having to pierce any sterile enclosure material which may dull the tip of the penetrating member or place contaminants on the member as it travels towards a target tissue. A variety of methods may be used accomplish this goal.
  • FIG. 53A shows one embodiment of penetrating member release device, which in this embodiment is a punch plate 520 that is shown in a see-through depiction for ease of illustration.
  • the punch plate 520 may include a first portion 521 for piercing sterile material covering the longitudinal opening 502 and a second portion 522 for piercing material covering the lateral opening 503 .
  • a slot 523 allows the penetrating member gripper to pass through the punch plate 520 and engage a penetrating member housed in the cartridge 500 .
  • the second portion 522 of the punch plate down to engage sterility barrier angled at about a 45 degree slope. Of course, the slope of the barrier may be varied.
  • the punch portion 522 first contacts the rear of the front pocket sterility barrier and as it goes down, the cracks runs down each side and the barrier is pressed down to the bottom of the front cavity.
  • the rear edge of the barrier first contacted by the punch portion 522 is broken off and the barrier is pressed down, substantially cleared out of the way.
  • the punch portion 521 may include a blade portion down the centerline. As the punch comes down, that blade may be aligned with the center of the cavity, cutting the sterility barrier into two pieces. The wider part of the punch 521 then pushes down on the barrier so the they align parallel to the sides of the cavity. This creates a complete and clear path for the gripper throughout the longitudinal opening of the cavity.
  • a plurality of protrusion 524 are positioned to engage a cam ( FIG. 55A ) which sequences the punching and other vertical movement of punch plate 520 and cartridge pusher 525 .
  • the drive shaft 526 from a force generator (not shown) which is used to actuate the penetrating member 527 .
  • FIG. 54A shows the release and loading mechanism in rest state with a dirty bare penetrating member 527 held in a penetrating member gripper 530 .
  • This is the condition of the device between lancing events.
  • the patient begins the loading of a new penetrating member by operating a setting lever or slider to initiate the process.
  • the setting lever may operate mechanically to rotate a cam (see FIG. 55A ) that moves the punch plate 520 and cartridge pusher 525 .
  • a variety of mechanisms can be used to link the slider to cause rotation of the cartridge.
  • a stepper motor or other mover such as but not limited to, a pneumatic actuator, hydraulic actuator, or the like are used to drive the loading sequence.
  • FIG. 54B shows one embodiment of penetrating member gripper 530 in more detail.
  • the penetrating member gripper 530 may be in the form of a tuning fork with sharp edges along the inside of the legs contacting the penetrating member.
  • the penetrating member may be notched, recessed, or otherwise shaped to receive the penetrating member gripper.
  • the legs are spread open elastically to create a frictional grip with the penetrating member such as but not limited to bare elongate wires without attachments molded or otherwise attached thereon.
  • the penetrating member is made of a homogenous material without any additional attachments that are molded, adhered, glued or otherwise added onto the penetrating member.
  • the gripper 530 may cut into the sides of the penetrating member.
  • the penetrating member in one embodiment may be about 300 microns wide.
  • the grooves that form in the side of the penetrating member by the knife edges are on the order of about 5-10 microns deep and are quite small.
  • the knife edges allow the apparatus to use a small insertion force to get the gripper onto the penetrating member, compared to the force to remove the penetrating member from the gripper the longitudinal axis of an elongate penetrating member. Thus, the risk of a penetrating member being detached during actuation are reduced.
  • the gripper 530 may be made of a variety of materials such as, but not limited to high strength carbon steel that is heat treated to increased hardness, ceramic, substrates with diamond coating, composite reinforced plastic, elastomer, polymer, and sintered metals. Additionally, the steel may be surface treated.
  • the gripper 130 may have high gripping force with low friction drag on solenoid or other driver.
  • the sequence begins with punch plate 520 being pushed down. This results in the opening of the next sterile cavity 532 .
  • this movement of punch plate 520 may also result in the crimping of the dirty penetrating member to prevent it from being used again. This crimping may result from a protrusion on the punch plate bending the penetrating member or pushing the penetrating member into a groove in the cartridge that hold the penetrating member in place through an interference fit.
  • the punch plate 520 has a protrusion or punch shaped to penetrate a longitudinal opening 502 and a lateral opening 503 on the cartridge.
  • the first portion 521 of the punch that opens cavity 532 is shaped to first pierce the sterility barrier and then push, compresses, or otherwise moves sterile enclosure material towards the sides of the longitudinal opening 502 .
  • the second portion 522 of the punch pushes down the sterility barrier at lateral opening or penetrating member exit 503 such that the penetrating member does not pierce any materials when it is actuated toward a tissue site.
  • the cartridge pusher 525 is engaged by the cam 550 (not shown) and begins to push down on the cartridge 500 .
  • the punch plate 520 may also travel downward with the cartridge 500 until it is pushed down to it maximum downward position, while the penetrating member gripper 530 remains vertically stationary. This joint downward motion away from the penetrating member gripper 530 will remove the penetrating member from the gripper.
  • the punch plate 520 essentially pushes against the penetrating member with protrusion 534 ( FIG. 55A ), holding the penetrating member with the cartridge, while the cartridge 500 and the punch plate 520 is lowered away from the penetrating member gripper 530 which in this embodiment remains vertically stationary. This causes the stripping of the used penetrating member from the gripper 530 ( FIG. 45D ) as the cartridge moves relative to the gripper.
  • the punch plate 520 retracts upward and the cartridge 500 is pushed fully down, clear of the gripper 530 . Now cleared of obstructions and in a rotatable position, the cartridge 500 increments one pocket or cavity in the direction that brings the newly released, sterile penetrating member in cavity 532 into alignment with the penetrating member gripper 530 , as see in FIG. 54F .
  • the rotation of the cartridge occurs due to fingers engaging the holes or indentations 533 on the cartridge, as seen in FIG. 54A . In some embodiments, these indentations 533 do not pass completely through cartridge 500 . In other embodiments, these indentations are holes passing completely through.
  • the cartridge has a plurality of little indentations 533 on the top surface near the center of the cartridge, along the inside diameter.
  • the sterility barrier is cut short so as not to cover these plurality of indentations 533 .
  • These indentations 533 have two purposes.
  • the apparatus may have one or a plurality of locator pins, static pins, or other keying feature that dos not move.
  • the cartridge will only set down into positions where the gripper 530 is gripping the penetrating member. To index the cassette, the cartridge is lifted off those pins or other keyed feature, rotated around, and dropped onto those pins for the next position.
  • the rotating device is through the use of two fingers: one is a static pawl and the other one is a sliding finger. They engage with the holes 533 .
  • the fingers are driven by a slider that may be automatically actuated or actuated by the user. This maybe occur mechanically or through electric or other powered devices. Halfway through the stroke, a finger may engage and rotate around the cartridge. A more complete description can be found with text associated with FIGS. 56B-56C .
  • the cartridge 500 is released as indicated by arrows 540 and brought back into contact with the penetrating member gripper 530 .
  • the new penetrating member 541 is inserted into the gripper 530 , and the apparatus is ready to fire once again.
  • the bare lancet or penetrating member 541 is held in place by gripper 530 , preventing the penetrating member from accidentally protruding or sliding out of the cartridge 500 .
  • the penetrating member 541 may be placed in a parked position in the cartridge 500 prior to launch.
  • the penetrating member may be held by a narrowed portion 542 of the cartridge, creating an interference fit which pinches the proximal end of the penetrating member. Friction from the molding or cartridge holds the penetrating member during rest, preventing the penetrating member from sliding back and forth.
  • other methods of holding the penetrating member may also be used. As seen in FIG.
  • the penetrating member gripper 530 may pull the penetrating member 541 out of the portion 542 .
  • the penetrating member 541 may remain in this portion until actuated by the solenoid or other force generator coupled to the penetrating member gripper.
  • a cam surface 544 may be used to pull the penetrating member out of the portion 542 .
  • This mechanical cam surface may be coupled to the mechanical slider driven by the patient, which may be considered a separate force generator. Thus, energy from the patient extracts the penetrating member and this reduces the drain on the device's battery if the solenoid or electric driver were to pull out the penetrating member.
  • the penetrating member may be moved forward a small distance (on the order of about 1 mm or less) from its parked position to pull the penetrating member from the rest position gripper. After penetrating tissue, the penetrating member may be returned to the cartridge and eventually placed into the parked position. This may also occur, though not necessarily, through force provided by the patient. In one embodiment, the placing of the lancet into the parked position does not occur until the process for loading a new penetrating member is initiated by the patient. In other embodiments, the pulling out of the parked position occurs in the same motion as the penetrating member actuation. The return into the parked position may also be considered a continuous motion.
  • FIG. 55A also shows one embodiment of the cam and other surfaces used to coordinate the motion of the punch plate 520 .
  • cam 550 in this embodiment is circular and engages the protrusions 524 on the punch plate 520 and the cartridge pusher 525 .
  • FIG. 55A also more clearly shows protrusion 534 which helps to hold the penetrating member in the cartridge 500 while the penetrating member gripper 530 pulls away from the member, relatively speaking.
  • a ratchet surface 552 that rotates with the cam 550 may be used to prevent the cam from rotating backwards.
  • the raising and lower of cartridge 500 and punch plate 50 used to load/unload penetrating members may be mechanically actuated by a variety of cam surfaces, springs, or the like as may be determined by one skilled in the art. Some embodiments may also use electrical or magnetic device to perform the loading, unloading, and release of bare penetrating members.
  • the punch plate 520 is shown to be punching downward to displace, remove, or move the foil or other sterile environment enclosure, it should be understood that other methods such as but not limited to stripping, pulling, tearing, or some combination of one or more of these methods may be used to remove the foil or sterile enclosure.
  • the punch plate 520 may be located on an underside of the cartridge and punch upward.
  • the cartridge may remain vertically stationary while other parts such as but not limited to the penetrating member gripper and punch plate move to load a sterile penetrating member on to the penetrating member gripper.
  • FIG. 55B also shows other features that may be included in the present apparatus.
  • a fire button 560 may be included for the user to actuate the penetrating member.
  • a front end interface 561 may be included to allow a patient to seat their finger or other target tissue for lancing. The interface 561 may be removable to be cleaned or replaced.
  • a visual display 562 may be included to show device status, lancing performance, error reports, or the like to the patient.
  • a mechanical slider 564 used by the patient to load new penetrating member may also be incorporated on the housing.
  • the slider 564 may also be coupled to activate an LCD or visual display on the lancing apparatus.
  • the slider 564 may also switch the electronics to start the display. The user may use the display to select the depth of lancing or other feature. The display may go back to sleep again until it is activated again by motion of the slider 564 .
  • the underside the housing 566 may also be hinged or otherwise removable to allow the insertion of cartridge 500 into the device.
  • the cartridge 500 may be inserted using technology current used for insertion of a compact disc or other disc into a compact disc player.
  • a tray which is deployed outward to receive or to remove a cartridge.
  • the tray may be withdrawn into the apparatus where it may be elevated, lowered, or otherwise transported into position for use with the penetrating member driver.
  • the apparatus may have a slot into which the cartridge is partially inserted at which point a mechanical apparatus will assist in completing insertion of the cartridge and load the cartridge into proper position inside the apparatus.
  • Such device is akin to the type of compact disc player found on automobiles.
  • the insertions/ejection and loading apparatus of these compact disc players uses gears, pulleys, cables, trays, and/or other parts that may be adapted for use with the present invention.
  • the slider 564 will move initially as indicated by arrow 567 . To complete the cycle, the patient will return the slider to its home position or original starting position as indicated by arrow 568 .
  • the slider 564 has an arm 569 which moves with the slider to rotate the cam 550 and engage portions 522 .
  • the motion of the slider 564 is also mechanically coupled to a finger 570 which engage the indentations 571 on cartridge 500 .
  • the finger 570 is synchronized to rotate the cartridge 500 by pulling as indicated by arrow 572 in the same plane as the cartridge.
  • the finger 570 pushes instead of pulls to rotate the cartridge in the correct direction.
  • the finger 570 may also be adapted to engage ratchet surfaces 706 as seen in FIG. 66 to rotate a cartridge.
  • the finger 570 may also incorporate vertical motion to coordinate with the rising and lowering of the cartridge 500 .
  • the motion of finger 570 may also be powered by electric actuators such as but not limited to a stepper motor or other device useful for achieving motion.
  • FIG. 56B also shows a portion of the encoder 573 used in position sensing.
  • FIG. 56C a still further view of the slider 564 and arm 569 is shown.
  • the arm 569 moves to engage portion 522 as indicated by arrow 575 and this causes the cam 550 to rotate as indicated by arrow 577 .
  • the cam 550 rotates about 1 ⁇ 8 of an rotation with each pull of the slider 564 .
  • the arm 569 rides over the portion 522 .
  • the movement of the slider also allows the cam surface 544 to rotate about pivot point 579 .
  • a resilient member 580 may be coupled to the cam surface 544 to cause it to rotate counterclockwise when the arm 569 moves in the direction of arrow 567 .
  • the pin 580 will remain in contact with the arm 569 .
  • the cam surface 544 rotates a first surface 582 will contact the pin 583 on the gripper block 584 and pull the pin 583 back to park a penetrating member into a coupling or narrowed portion 542 of the cartridge 500 as seen in FIG. 55A .
  • the cam surface 544 rotates back and a second surface 586 that rotates clockwise and pushes the penetrating member forward to be released from the narrowed portion 542 resulting in a position as seen in FIG. 55B .
  • the release and/or parking of lancet from portion 542 may be powered by the driver 588 without using the mechanical assistance from cam surface 544 .
  • a mechanical feature may be included on the cartridge so that there is only one way to load it into the apparatus.
  • the cartridge may have 51 pockets or cavities. The 51 st pocket will go into the firing position when the device is loaded, thus providing a location for the gripper to rest in the cartridge without releasing a penetrating member from a sterile environment.
  • the gripper 530 in that zeroth position is inside the pocket or cavity and that is the reason why one of the pockets may be empty.
  • some embodiments may have the gripper 530 positioned to grip a penetrating member as the cartridge 500 is loaded into the device, with the patient lancing themselves soon afterwards so that the penetrating member is not contaminated due to prolonged exposure outside the sterile enclosure. That zeroth position may be the start and finish position.
  • the cartridge may also be notched to engaged a protrusion on the apparatus, thus also providing a method for allowing the penetrating member to loaded or unloaded only in one orientation.
  • the cartridge 500 may be keyed or slotted in association with the apparatus so that the cartridge 500 can only be inserted or removed at one orientation. For example as seen in FIG.
  • the cartridge 592 may have a keyed slot 593 that matches the outline of a protrusion 594 such that the cartridge 592 may only be removed upon alignment of the slot 593 and protrusion 594 upon at the start or end positions. It should be understood that other keyed technology may be used and the slot or key may be located on an outer periphery or other location on the cartridge 592 in manner useful for allowing insertion or removal of the cartridge from only one or a select number of orientations.
  • the cavity 600 may include a depression 602 for allowing the gripper 530 to penetrate sufficiently deeply into the cavity to frictionally engage the penetrating member 541 .
  • the penetrating member may also be housed in a groove 604 that holds the penetrating member in place prior to and after actuation. The penetrating member 541 is lifted upward to clear the groove 604 during actuation and exits through opening 506 .
  • FIG. 58 shows a lancing system 610 wherein the penetrating members have their sharpened tip pointed radially inward.
  • the finger or other tissue of the patient is inserted through the center hole 611 to be pierced by the member 612 .
  • the penetrating member gripper 530 coupled to drive force generator 613 operate in substantially the same manner as described in FIGS. 54A-G .
  • the punch portions 521 and 522 operate in substantially the same manner to release the penetrating members from the sterile enclosures.
  • the punch portion 522 may be placed on the inner periphery of the device, where the penetrating member exit is now located, so that sterile enclosure material is cleared out of the path of the penetrating member exit.
  • FIG. 59 a still further variation on the lancing system according to the present invention will now be described.
  • the penetrating member gripper 530 approaches the penetrating member from above and at least a portion of the drive system is located in a different plane from that of the cartridge 500 .
  • FIG. 59 shows an embodiment where the penetrating member driver 620 is in substantially the same plane as the penetrating member 622 .
  • the coupler 624 engages a bent or L shaped portion 626 of the member 622 .
  • the cartridge 628 can rotate to engage a new penetrating member with the coupler 624 without having to move the cartridge or coupler vertically.
  • the next penetrating member rotates into position in the slot provided by the coupler 624 .
  • a narrowed portion of the cartridge acts as a penetrating member guide 630 near the distal end of the penetrating member to align the penetrating member as it exits the cartridge.
  • the coupler 624 may come in a variety of configurations.
  • FIG. 60A shows a coupler 632 which can engage a penetrating member 633 that does not have a bent or L-shaped portion. A radial cartridge carrying such a penetrating member 633 may rotate to slide penetrating member into the groove 634 of the coupler 632 .
  • FIG. 60B is a front view showing that the coupler 632 may include a tapered portion 636 to guide the penetrating member 633 into the slot 634 .
  • FIG. 60C shows an embodiment of the driver 620 using a coupler 637 having a slot 638 for receiving a T-shaped penetrating member.
  • the coupler 637 may further include a protrusion 639 that may be guided in an overhead slot to maintain alignment of the drive shaft during actuation.
  • the cartridge 640 for use with an in-plane driver 620 is shown.
  • the cartridge 640 includes an empty slot 642 that allows the cartridge to be placed in position with the driver 620 .
  • the empty slot 642 allows the coupler 644 to be positioned to engage an unused penetrating member 645 that may be rotated into position as shown by arrow 646 .
  • the cartridge 640 may also be designed so that only the portion of the penetrating member that needs to remain sterile (i.e. the portions that may actually be penetrating into tissue) are enclosed. As seen in FIG. 61 , a proximal portion 647 of the penetrating member is exposed.
  • the cartridge 640 may further include, but not necessarily, sealing protrusions 648 . These protrusions 648 are releasably coupled to the cartridge 640 and are removed from the cartridge 640 by remover 649 as the cartridge rotates to place penetrating member 645 into the position of the active penetrating member. The sterile environment is broken prior to actuation of the member 645 and the member does not penetrate sterile enclosure material that may dull the tip of the penetrating member during actuation. A fracturable seal material 650 may be applied to the member to seal against an inner peripheral portion of the cartridge.
  • This cartridge 652 includes a tapered portion 654 for allowing the coupler 655 to enter the cavity 656 .
  • a narrowed portion 657 guides the penetrating member 658 .
  • the coupler 655 may have, but does not necessarily have, movable jaws 659 that engage to grip the penetrating member 658 . Allowing the coupler to enter the cavity 656 allows the alignment of the penetrating member to be better maintained during actuation.
  • This tapered portion 654 may be adapted for use with any embodiment of the cartridge disclosed herein.
  • FIG. 63 a linear cartridge 660 for use with the present invention will be described.
  • the lancing system may be adapted for use with cartridges of other shapes.
  • FIGS. 79-83 show other cartridges of varying shapes adaptable for use with the present invention.
  • FIG. 63 illustrates a cartridge 660 with only a portion 662 providing sterile protection for the penetrating members.
  • the cartridge 660 provides a base 664 on which a penetrating member 665 can rest. This provides a level of protection of the penetrating member during handling.
  • the base 664 may also be shaped to provide slots 666 in which a penetrating member 667 may be held.
  • the slot 666 may also be adapted to have a tapered portion 668 .
  • FIGS. 64A-64C a variety of different devices are shown for releasing the sterility seal covering a lateral opening 503 on the cartridge 500 .
  • FIG. 64A shows a rotating punch device 670 that has protrusions 672 that punch out the sterility barrier creating openings 674 from which a penetrating member can exit without touching the sterility barrier material.
  • FIG. 64B shows a vertically rotating device 676 with shaped protrusions 678 that punch down the sterility barrier 679 as it is rotated to be in the active, firing position.
  • FIG. 64C shows a punch 680 which is positioned to punch out barrier 682 when the cartridge is lowered onto the punch. The cartridge is rotated and the punch 680 rotates with the cartridge. After the cartridge is rotated to the proper position and lifted up, the punch 680 is spring loaded or otherwise configured to return to the position to engage the sterility barrier covering the next unused penetrating member.
  • FIG. 65A-65B another type of punch mechanism for use with a punch plate 520 will now be described.
  • the device shown in FIGS. 53-54 shows a mechanism that first punches and then rotates or indexes the released penetrating member into position.
  • the cartridge is rotated first and then the gripper and punch may move down simultaneously.
  • FIG. 65A shows one embodiment of a punch 685 having a first portion 686 and a second portion 687 .
  • the penetrating member gripper 690 is located inside the punch 685 .
  • the penetrating of the sterility barrier is integrated into the step of engaging the penetrating member with the gripper 690 .
  • the punch 685 may include a slot 692 allowing a portion 694 of the gripper 690 to extend upward.
  • a lateral opening 695 is provided from which a penetrating member may exit.
  • the punch portion 687 is not included with punch 686 , instead relying on some other mechanism such as those shown in FIGS. 64A-64C to press down on barrier material covering a lateral opening 503 .
  • FIG. 66 shows a cartridge 700 with a plurality of cavities 702 and individual deflectable portions or fingers 704 .
  • the ends of the protective cavities 702 may be divided into individual fingers (such as one for each cavity) on the outer periphery of the disc.
  • Each finger 704 may be individually sealed with a foil cover (not shown for ease of illustration) to maintain sterility until the time of use.
  • a foil cover (not shown for ease of illustration) to maintain sterility until the time of use.
  • a penetrating member 708 may be housed in each cavity.
  • the penetrating member may rest on a raised portion 710 .
  • a narrowed portion 712 pinches the proximal portions of the penetration member 708 .
  • Each cavity may include a wall portion 714 into which the penetrating member 708 may be driven after the penetrating member has been used.
  • FIG. 68 shows the penetrating member gripper 716 lowered to engage a penetrating member 708 .
  • a sterility barrier covering each of the cavities is not shown.
  • the last penetrating member to be used may be left in a retracted position, captured by a gripper 716 .
  • the end of the protective cavity 704 may be deflected downward by the previous actuation.
  • the user may operate a mechanism such as but not limited to a thumbwheel, lever, crank, slider, etc. . . . that advances a new penetrating member 720 into launch position as seen in FIG. 69A .
  • the mechanism lifts a bar that allows the protective cavity to return to its original position in the plane of the disc.
  • the penetrating member guide 722 presses through foil in rear of pocket to “home” penetrating member and control vertical clearance.
  • actuation devices for moving the penetrating member guide 722 and other mechanisms are not shown. They may be springs, cams, or other devices that can lower and move the components shown in these figures.
  • the cartridge 700 may be raised or lowered to engage the penetrating member guide 722 and other devices.
  • the plough or sterile enclosure release device 724 is lowered to engage the cartridge 700 .
  • the disc or cartridge 700 may raised part way upward until a plough or plow blade 724 pierces the sterility barrier 726 which may be a foil covering.
  • the plough 724 clears foil from front of pocket and leaves it attached to cartridge 700 .
  • the plough 724 is driven radially inward, cutting open the sterility barrier and rolling the scrap into a coil ahead of the plough. Foil naturally curls over and forms tight coil when plough lead angle is around 55 degs to horizontal. If angle of the plough may be between about 60-40 degs, preferably closer to 55 degs.
  • the foil may be removed in such a manner that the penetrating member does not need to pierce any sterile enclosure materials during launch.
  • the gripper 716 may be lowered to engage the bare penetrating member or piercing member 720 .
  • the disc or cartridge 8000 may be raised until the penetrating member 720 is pressed firmly into the gripper 716 .
  • the penetrating member driver or actuator of the present embodiment may remain in the same horizontal plane as the penetrating member.
  • a bar 730 may be pressed downward on the outer end 732 of the protective cavity to deflect it so it is clear of the path of the penetrating member.
  • the bar 730 is shaped to allow the bare penetrating member 720 to pass through. It should be understood that other shapes and orientations of the bar (such as contacting only one side or part of end 732 ) may be used to engage the end 732 .
  • an electrical solenoid or other electronic or feed-back controllable drive may actuate the gripper 716 radially outward, carrying the bare penetrating member 720 with it.
  • the bare penetrating member projects from the protective case and into the skin of a finger or other tissue site that has been placed over the aperture of the actuator assembly.
  • Suitable penetrating member drivers are described in commonly assigned, copending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/127,395 filed Apr. 19, 2002.
  • the solenoid or other suitable penetrating member driver retracts the bare penetrating member 720 into a retracted position where it parks until the beginning of the next lancing cycle.
  • bar 730 may be released so that the end 150 returns to an in-plane configuration with the cartridge 800 .
  • the gripper 716 may drive a used bare penetrating member radially outward until the sharpened tip is embedded into a plastic wall 714 at or near the outward end 732 of the cavity thus immobilizing the contaminated penetrating member.
  • the plough 724 , the gripper 716 , and penetrating member guide 722 may all be disengaged from the bare penetrating member 720 .
  • the advance mechanism may lower the cartridge 700 from the gripper 716 .
  • the disc or cartridge 700 may be rotated until a new, sealed; sterile penetrating member is in position under the launch mechanism.
  • one object for some embodiments of the invention is to include blood sampling and sensing on this penetrating member actuation device.
  • the drive mechanism (gripper 738 and solenoid drive coil 739 ) may be used to drive a penetrating member into the skin and couple this lancing event to acquire the blood sample as it forms at the surface of the finger.
  • microfluidic module 740 bearing the analyte detecting member chemistry and detection device 742 ( FIG. 71 ) is couple on to the shaft of the penetrating member 720 .
  • the drive cycle described above may also actuate the module 740 so that it rests at the surface of the finger to acquire blood once the penetrating member retracts from the wound.
  • the module 740 is allowed to remain on the surface of the finger or other tissue site until the gripper 738 has reached the back end 744 of the microfluidics module 740 , at which point the module is also retracted into the casing.
  • the amount of time the module 740 remains on the finger in this embodiment, may be varied based on the distance the end 744 is located and the amount of time it takes the gripper to engage it on the withdrawal stroke.
  • the blood filled module 740 filled while the module remains on pierced tissue site, may then undergo analyte detection by means such as but not limited to optical or electrochemical sensing.
  • the blood may be filled in the lumen that the penetrating member was in or the module may have separately defined sample chambers to the side of the penetrating member lumen.
  • the analyte detecting member may also be placed right at the immediate vicinity or slightly setback from the module opening receiving blood so that low blood volumes will still reach the analyte detecting member.
  • the analyte sensing device and a visual display or other interface may be on board the apparatus and thus provide a readout of analyte levels without need to plug apparatus or a test strip into a separate reader device.
  • the cover 746 may also be clear to allow for light to pass through for optical sensing.
  • the analyte detecting member may be used with low volumes such as less than about 1 microliter of sample, preferably less than about 0.6 microliter, more preferably less than about 0.3 microliter, and most preferably less than about 0.1 microliter of sample.
  • sensing elements 760 may be directly printed or formed on the top of bottom of the penetrating member cartridge 700 , depending on orientation.
  • the bare penetrating member 720 is then actuated through a hole 762 in the plastic facing, withdrawn into the radial cavity followed by the blood sample.
  • Electrochemical or optical detection for analyte sensing may then be carried out ( FIG. 72 ). Again the cavity 766 may have a clear portion to allow light to pass for optical sensing.
  • a multiplicity of miniaturized analyte detecting member fields may be placed on the floor of the radial cavity as shown in FIG. 72 or on the microfluidic module shown in FIG. 71 to allow many tests on a single analyte form a single drop of blood to improve accuracy and precision of measurement.
  • additional analyte detecting member fields or regions may also be included for calibration or other purposes.
  • FIG. 73 shows one embodiment of a cartridge 800 which may be removably inserted into an apparatus for driving penetrating members to pierce skin or tissue.
  • the cartridge 800 has a plurality of penetrating members 802 that may be individually or otherwise selectively actuated so that the penetrating members 802 may extend outward from the cartridge, as indicated by arrow 804 , to penetrate tissue.
  • the cartridge 800 may be based on a flat disc with a number of penetrating members such as, but in no way limited to, (25, 50, 75, 100, . . . ) arranged radially on the disc or cartridge 800 .
  • cartridge 800 is shown as a disc or a disc-shaped housing, other shapes or configurations of the cartridge may also work without departing from the spirit of the present invention of placing a plurality of penetrating members to be engaged, singly or in some combination, by a penetrating member driver.
  • Each penetrating member 802 may be contained in a cavity 806 in the cartridge 800 with the penetrating member's sharpened end facing radially outward and may be in the same plane as that of the cartridge.
  • the cavity 806 may be molded, pressed, forged, or otherwise formed in the cartridge. Although not limited in this manner, the ends of the cavities 806 may be divided into individual fingers (such as one for each cavity) on the outer periphery of the disc.
  • the particular shape of each cavity 806 may be designed to suit the size or shape of the penetrating member therein or the amount of space desired for placement of the analyte detecting members 808 .
  • the cavity 806 may have a V-shaped cross-section, a U-shaped cross-section, C-shaped cross-section, a multi-level cross section or the other cross-sections.
  • the opening 810 through which a penetrating member 802 may exit to penetrate tissue may also have a variety of shapes, such as but not limited to, a circular opening, a square or rectangular opening, a U-shaped opening, a narrow opening that only allows the penetrating member to pass, an opening with more clearance on the sides, a slit, a configuration as shown in FIG. 75 , or the other shapes.
  • the penetrating member 802 is returned into the cartridge and may be held within the cartridge 800 in a manner so that it is not able to be used again.
  • a used penetrating member may be returned into the cartridge and held by the launcher in position until the next lancing event.
  • the launcher may disengage the used penetrating member with the cartridge 800 turned or indexed to the next clean penetrating member such that the cavity holding the used penetrating member is position so that it is not accessible to the user (i.e. turn away from a penetrating member exit opening).
  • the tip of a used penetrating member may be driven into a protective stop that hold the penetrating member in place after use.
  • the cartridge 800 is replaceable with a new cartridge 800 once all the penetrating members have been used or at such other time or condition as deemed desirable by the user.
  • the cartridge 800 may provide sterile environments for penetrating members via seals, foils, covers, polymeric, or similar materials used to seal the cavities and provide enclosed areas for the penetrating members to rest in.
  • a foil or seal layer 820 is applied to one surface of the cartridge 800 .
  • the seal layer 820 may be made of a variety of materials such as but not limited to a metallic foil or other seal materials and may be of a tensile strength and other quality that may provide a sealed, sterile environment until the seal layer 820 is penetrate by a suitable or penetrating device providing a preselected or selected amount of force to open the sealed, sterile environment.
  • Each cavity 806 may be individually sealed with a layer 820 in a manner such that the opening of one cavity does not interfere with the sterility in an adjacent or other cavity in the cartridge 800 .
  • the seal layer 820 may be a planar material that is adhered to a top surface of the cartridge 800 .
  • the seal layer 820 may be on the top surface, side surface, bottom surface, or other positioned surface.
  • the layer 820 is placed on a top surface of the cartridge 800 .
  • the cavities 806 holding the penetrating members 802 are sealed on by the foil layer 820 and thus create the sterile environments for the penetrating members.
  • the foil layer 820 may seal a plurality of cavities 806 or only a select number of cavities as desired.
  • the cartridge 800 may optionally include a plurality of analyte detecting members 808 on a substrate 822 which may be attached to a bottom surface of the cartridge 800 .
  • the substrate may be made of a material such as, but not limited to, a polymer, a foil, or other material suitable for attaching to a cartridge and holding the analyte detecting members 808 .
  • the substrate 822 may hold a plurality of analyte detecting members, such as but not limited to, about 10-50, 50-100, or other combinations of analyte detecting members. This facilitates the assembly and integration of analyte detecting members 808 with cartridge 800 .
  • These analyte detecting members 808 may enable an integrated body fluid sampling system where the penetrating members 802 create a wound tract in a target tissue, which expresses body fluid that flows into the cartridge for analyte detection by at least one of the analyte detecting members 808 .
  • the substrate 822 may contain any number of analyte detecting members 808 suitable for detecting analytes in cartridge having a plurality of cavities 806 .
  • many analyte detecting members 808 may be printed onto a single substrate 822 which is then adhered to the cartridge to facilitate manufacturing and simplify assembly.
  • the analyte detecting members 808 may be electrochemical in nature.
  • the analyte detecting members 808 may further contain enzymes, dyes, or other detectors which react when exposed to the desired analyte. Additionally, the analyte detecting members 808 may comprise of clear optical windows that allow light to pass into the body fluid for analyte analysis. The number, location, and type of analyte detecting member 808 may be varied as desired, based in part on the design of the cartridge, number of analytes to be measured, the need for analyte detecting member calibration, and the sensitivity of the analyte detecting members.
  • the cartridge 800 uses an analyte detecting member arrangement where the analyte detecting members are on a substrate attached to the bottom of the cartridge, there may be through holes (as shown in FIG. 76 ), wicking elements, capillary tube or other devices on the cartridge 800 to allow body fluid to flow from the cartridge to the analyte detecting members 808 for analysis.
  • the analyte detecting members 808 may be printed, formed, or otherwise located directly in the cavities housing the penetrating members 802 or areas on the cartridge surface that receive blood after lancing.
  • seal layer 820 and substrate or analyte detecting member layer 822 may facilitate the manufacture of these cartridges 10 .
  • a single seal layer 820 may be adhered, attached, or otherwise coupled to the cartridge 800 as indicated by arrows 824 to seal many of the cavities 806 at one time.
  • a sheet 822 of analyte detecting members may also be adhered, attached, or otherwise coupled to the cartridge 800 as indicated by arrows 825 to provide many analyte detecting members on the cartridge at one time.
  • the cartridge 800 may be loaded with penetrating members 802 , sealed with layer 820 and a temporary layer (not shown) on the bottom where substrate 822 would later go, to provide a sealed environment for the penetrating members.
  • This assembly with the temporary bottom layer is then taken to be sterilized. After sterilization, the assembly is taken to a clean room (or it may already be in a clear room or equivalent environment) where the temporary bottom layer is removed and the substrate 822 with analyte detecting members is coupled to the cartridge as shown in FIG. 73 .
  • This process allows for the sterile assembly of the cartridge with the penetrating members 802 using processes and/or temperatures that may degrade the accuracy or functionality of the analyte detecting members on substrate 822 .
  • the entire cartridge 800 may then be placed in a further sealed container such as but not limited to a pouch, bag, plastic molded container, etc. . . . to facilitate contact, improve ruggedness, and/or allow for easier handling.
  • more than one seal layer 820 may be used to seal the cavities 806 .
  • multiple layers may be placed over each cavity 806 , half or some selected portion of the cavities may be sealed with one layer with the other half or selected portion of the cavities sealed with another sheet or layer, different shaped cavities may use different seal layer, or the like.
  • the seal layer 820 may have different physical properties, such as those covering the penetrating members 802 near the end of the cartridge may have a different color such as but not limited to red to indicate to the user (if visually inspectable) that the user is down to say 10, 5, or other number of penetrating members before the cartridge should be changed out.
  • FIGS. 74 and 75 one embodiment of the microfluidics used with the analyte detecting members 808 in cartridge 800 will now be described.
  • the shape of cavity 806 has been simplified into a simple wedge shape. It should be understood that more sophisticated configurations such as but not limited to that shown in FIG. 73 may be used.
  • FIG. 74 shows a channel 826 that assists in drawing body fluid towards the analyte detecting members 808 .
  • two analyte detecting members 808 are shown in the cavity 806 . This is purely for illustrative purposes as the cavity 806 may have one analyte detecting member or any other number of analyte detecting members as desired.
  • Body fluid entering cavity 806 while filling part of the cavity, will also be drawn by capillary action through the groove 826 towards the analyte detecting members 808 .
  • the analyte detecting members 808 may all perform the same analysis, they may each perform different types of analysis, or there may be some combination of the two (some sensors perform same analysis while others perform other analysis).
  • FIG. 75 shows a perspective view of a cutout of the cavity 806 .
  • the penetrating member 802 (shown in phantom) is housed in the cavity 806 and may extend outward through a penetrating member exit opening 830 as indicated by arrow 832 .
  • the position of the tip of penetrating member 802 may vary, such as but not limited to being near the penetrating member exit port or spaced apart from the exit.
  • the location of the tip relative to the analyte detecting member 808 may also be varied, such as but not limited to being spaced apart or away from the analyte detecting member or collocated or in the immediate vicinity of the analyte detecting member. Fluid may then enter the cavity 806 and directed by channel 826 .
  • the channel 826 as shown in FIG. 75 is a groove that is open on top.
  • the channel 826 may be entirely a groove with an open top or it may have a portion that is has a sealed top forming a lumen, or still further, the groove may be closed except for an opening near the penetrating member exit opening 830 . It should be understood that capillary action can be achieved using a groove having one surface uncovered.
  • the analyte detecting member 808 is positioned close to the penetrating member exit opening 830 so that the analyte detecting member 808 may not need a capillary groove or channel to draw body fluid, such as in FIG. 78 .
  • the cavity 806 may include the substrate 822 coupled to its bottom surface containing the analyte detecting members 808 .
  • the cartridge 800 may include at least one through hole 834 to provide a passage for body fluid to pass from the cavity 806 to the analyte detecting member 808 .
  • the size, location, shape, and other features of the through hole 834 may be varied based on the cavity 806 and number of analyte detecting members 808 to be provided.
  • wicking elements or the like may be used to draw body fluid from the groove 826 to down to the analyte detecting member 808 via the through hole or holes 834 .
  • analyte detecting member configuration could be customized for each cavity, such as but not limited to, using a different number and location of analyte detecting members depending lancing variables associated with that cavity, such as but not limited to, the time of day of the lancing event, the type of analyte to be measured, the test site to be lanced, stratum corneum hydration, or other lancing parameter.
  • the detecting members may be moved closer towards the outer edge of the disc, more on the side walls, any combination, or the like.
  • FIG. 77 shows a penetrating member 802 in a cavity 838 with three analyte detecting members 808 in the cavity.
  • the penetrating member 802 is omitted from the remaining cavities so that the analyte detecting member configurations can be more easily seen.
  • Cavity 840 has a channel 826 with two analyte detecting members 808 .
  • Cavity 842 has a channel 844 coupled to a single analyte detecting member 808 .
  • Cavities 846 and 848 have one and two analyte detecting members 808 , respectively.
  • the analyte detecting members 808 in those cavities may be located directly at the penetrating member exit from the cartridge or substantially at the penetrating member exit.
  • analyte detecting member configurations are also possible, such as but not limited to, placing one or more analyte detecting members on a side wall of the cavity, placing the analyte detecting members in particular arrays (for example, a linear array, triangular array, square array, etc. . . . ) on the side wall or bottom surface, using mixed types of analyte detecting members (for example, electrochemical and optical, or some other combination), or mixed positioning of analyte detecting members (for example, at least one analyte detecting member on the substrate below the cartridge and at least one analyte detecting member in the cavity).
  • mixed types of analyte detecting members for example, electrochemical and optical, or some other combination
  • mixed positioning of analyte detecting members for example, at least one analyte detecting member on the substrate below the cartridge and at least one analyte detecting member in the cavity.
  • FIG. 78 shows an embodiment of cartridge 800 where the analyte detecting member 850 is located near the distal end of cavity 806 .
  • the analyte detecting member 850 may be formed, deposited, or otherwise attached there to the cartridge 800 .
  • the analyte detecting member 850 may be a well or indentation having a bottom with sufficient transparency to allow an optical analyte detecting member to detect analytes in fluid deposited in the well or indentation.
  • the well or indentation may also include some analyte reagent that reacts (fluoresces, changes colors, or presents other detectable qualities) when body fluid is placed in the well.
  • analyte detecting member 850 may be replaced with a through hole that allow fluid to pass there through.
  • An analyte detecting member 808 on a substrate 822 may be attached to the underside of the cartridge 800 , accessing fluid passing from the cavity 806 down to the analyte detecting member 808 .
  • the analyte detecting members 808 may also be placed right at the immediate vicinity or slightly setback from the module opening receiving blood so that low blood volumes will still reach the analyte detecting member.
  • the analyte detecting members 808 may be used with low volumes such as less than about 1 microliter of sample, preferably less than about 0.6 microliter, more preferably less than about 0.3 microliter, and most preferably less than about 0.1 microliter of sample.
  • Analyte detecting members 808 may also be directly printed or formed on the bottom of the penetrating member cartridge 800 .
  • a multiplicity of miniaturized analyte detecting member fields may be placed on the floor of the radial cavity or on the microfluidic module to allow many tests on a single analyte form a single drop of blood to improve accuracy and precision of measurement.
  • additional analyte detecting member fields or regions may also be included for calibration or other purposes.
  • FIG. 79 shows a cartridge 860 having a half-circular shape.
  • FIG. 80 shows a cartridge 862 in the shape of a partial curve.
  • FIG. 80 also shows that the cartridges 862 may be stacked in various configurations such as but not limited to vertically, horizontally, or in other orientations.
  • FIG. 81 shows a cartridge 864 having a substantially straight, linear configuration.
  • FIG. 82 shows a plurality of cartridges 864 arranged to extend radially outward from a center 866 .
  • Each cartridge may be on a slide (not shown for simplicity) that allows the cartridge 864 to slide radially outward to be aligned with a penetrating member launcher.
  • FIG. 83 shows a still further embodiment where a plurality of cartridges 800 may be stacked for use with a penetrating member driver (see FIG. 85 ). The driver may be moved to align itself with each cartridge 800 or the cartridges may be moved to alight themselves with the driver.
  • FIG. 84 shows a still further embodiment where a plurality of cartridge 864 are coupled together with a flexible support to define an array. A roller 870 may be used to move the cartridges 864 into position to be actuated by the penetrating member driver 872 .
  • FIG. 85 one embodiment of an apparatus 880 using a radial cartridge 800 with a penetrating member driver 882 is shown.
  • a contoured surface 884 is located near a penetrating member exit port 886 , allowing for a patient to place their finger in position for lancing.
  • the apparatus 880 may include a human readable or other type of visual display to relay status to the user. The display may also show measured analyte levels or other measurement or feedback to the user without the need to plug apparatus 880 or a separate test strip into a separate analyte reader device.
  • the apparatus 880 may include a processor or other logic for actuating the penetrating member or for measuring the analyte levels.
  • the cartridge 800 may be loaded into the apparatus 880 by opening a top housing of the apparatus which may be hinged or removably coupled to a bottom housing.
  • the cartridge 800 may also drawn into the apparatus 880 using a loading mechanism similar in spirit to that found on a compact disc player or the like.
  • the apparatus may have a slot (similar to a CD player in an automobile) that allows for the insertion of the cartridge 800 into the apparatus 880 which is then automatically loaded into position or otherwise seated in the apparatus for operation therein.
  • the loading mechanism may be mechanically powered or electrically powered. In some embodiments, the loading mechanism may use a loading tray in addition to the slot.
  • the slot may be placed higher on the housing so that the cartridge 800 will have enough clearance to be loaded into the device and then dropped down over the penetrating member driver 882 .
  • the cartridge 800 may have an indicator mark or indexing device that allows the cartridge to be properly aligned by the loading mechanism or an aligning mechanism once the cartridge 800 is placed into the apparatus 880 .
  • the cartridge 800 may rest on a radial platform that rotates about the penetrating member driver 882 , thus providing a method for advancing the cartridge to bring unused penetrating members to engagement with the penetrating member driver.
  • the cartridge 800 on its underside or other surface may shaped or contoured such as but not limited to with notches, grooves, tractor holes, optical markers, or the like to facilitate handling and/or indexing of the cartridge. These shapes or surfaces may also be varied so as to indicate that the cartridge is almost out of unused penetrating members, that there are only five penetrating members left, or some other cartridge status indicator as desired.
  • the foil or seal layer 820 may cover the cavity by extending across the cavity along a top surface 890 and down along the angled surface 892 to provide a sealed, sterile environment for the penetrating member and analyte detecting members therein.
  • a piercing element described in U.S. patent applications No. 60/424,429 has a piercing element and then a shaped portion behind the element which pushes the foil to the sides of the cavity or other position so that the penetrating member 802 may be actuated and body fluid may flow into the cavity.
  • a radial cartridge 500 may be incorporated for use with a penetrating member driver 882 .
  • a penetrating member may be driven outward as indicated by arrow 894 .
  • a plurality of analyte detecting members are presented on a roll 895 that is laid out near a penetrating member exit. The roll 895 may be advanced as indicated by arrow 896 so that used analyte detecting members are moved away from the active site.
  • the roll 895 may also be replaced by a disc holding a plurality of analyte detecting members, wherein the analyte detecting member disc (not shown) is oriented in a plane substantially orthogonal to the plane of cartridge 500 .
  • the analyte detecting member disc may also be at other angles not parallel to the plane of cartridge 500 so as to be able to rotate and present new, unused analyte detecting member in sequence with new unused penetrating members of cartridge 500 .
  • the cartridge 500 provides a high density packaging system for a lancing system. This form factor allows a patient to load a large number penetrating members through a single cartridge while maintaining a substantially handheld device. Of course such a cartridge 500 may also be used in non-handheld devices.
  • the present cartridge 500 provide a high test density per volume of the disposable.
  • the density may also be measured in terms of density of analyte detecting members and penetrating members in a disposable. In other embodiments, the density may also be expressed in terms of analyte detecting members per disposable.
  • this number can be divided by the number of penetrating members or number of tests. This result is the volume per penetrating member or per test in a cassetted fashion.
  • the total volume of the cartridge 500 is determined to be 4.53 cubic centimeters.
  • the cartridge 500 holds 50 penetrating members. Dividing the volume by 50, the volume per test is arrived at 0.090 cubic centimeters.
  • Conventional test devices such as drum is in the range of 0.720 or 0.670 cubic centimeters and that is simply the volume to hold a plurality of test strips. This does not include penetrating members as does the present embodiment 800 .
  • the present embodiment is at a substantially higher density. Even a slightly lower density device having penetrating members and analyte detecting members in the 0.500 cubic centimeter range would be a vast improvement over known devices since the numbers listed above for known devices does not include penetrating members, only packaging per test strip. Cartridges having volumes less than 4.53 may also be used.
  • Each penetrating member may have a packing density, or occupied volume, in cartridge 500 .
  • the packing density or occupied volume of each penetrating member in cartridge 500 may be no more than about 0.66 cm 3 , 0.05 cm 3 , 0.4 cm 3 , 0.3 cm 3 , 0.2 cm 3 , 0.1 cm 3 , 0.075 cm 3 , 0.05 cm 3 , 0.025 cm 3 , 0.01 cm 3 , 0.090 cm 3 , 0.080 cm 3 , and the like.
  • the volume required for each penetrating member does not exceed 0.66 cm 3 /penetrating member, 0.05 cm 3 /penetrating member, 0.4 cm3/penetrating member, 0.3 cm 3 /penetrating member, 0.2 cm 3 /penetrating member, 0.1 cm 3 /penetrating member, 0.075 cm 3 /penetrating member, 0.05 cm 3 /penetrating member, 0.025 cm 3 /penetrating member, 0.01 cm 3 /penetrating member, 0.090 cm 3 /penetrating member and the like.
  • the volume for each unit does not exceed 0.66 cm 3 , 0.05 cm 3 , 0.4 cm 3 , 0.3 cm 3 , 0.2 cm 3 , 0.1 cm 3 , 0.075 cm 3 , 0.05 cm 3 , 0.025 cm 3 , 0.01 cm 3 , 0.090 cm 3 , 0.080 cm 3 , and the like.
  • FIG. 87B shows a cross-section of a conical shaped cartridge with the penetrating member being oriented in one embodiment to move radially outward as indicated by arrow 897 .
  • the penetrating member may be oriented to move radially inward as indicated by arrow 895 .
  • the gripper may be positioned to engage the penetrating member from an inner surface or an outer surface of the cartridge.
  • nanowires may also be used to create low volume analyte detecting members used with the cartridge 800 . Further details of a nanowire device is described in commonly assigned, copending U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/433,286 filed Dec. 13, 2002, fully incorporated herein by reference for all purposes.
  • These nanowire analyte detecting members 898 may be incorporated into the cavity 806 housing the penetrating member 802 . They may be placed on the floor or bottom surface of the cavity 806 , on the wall, on the top surface, or any combinations of some or all of these possibilities.
  • the analyte detecting members 898 may be designed to have different sensitivity ranges so as to enhance the overall sensitivity of an array of such analyte detecting members. Methods to achieve this may include, but are not limited to, using nanowires of varying sizes, varying the number of nanowires, or varying the amount of glucose oxidase or other glucose detection material on the nanowires. These nanowire analyte detecting members may be designed to use low volumes of body fluid for each sample, due to their size. In some embodiments, each of the analyte detecting members are accurate using volumes of body fluid sample less than about 500 nanoliters. In some embodiments, each of the analyte detecting members are accurate using volumes of body fluid sample less than about 300 nanoliters.
  • each analyte detecting member is accurate with less than about 50 nanoliters, less than about 30 nanoliters, less than about 10 nanoliters, less than about 5 nanoliters, and less than about 1 nanoliters of body fluid sample. In some embodiments, the combined array of analyte detecting members uses less than 300 nanoliters of body fluid to arrive at an analyte measurement.
  • FIG. 89 shows one embodiment of an optical illumination system 910 for use with optical analyte detecting members ( FIG. 91 ) that may be in contact with a body fluid sample.
  • the overall system may include a plurality of analyte detecting members which provide some optical indicator, a light source 912 for providing light to shine on the analyte detecting members, at least one light detector 914 , and a processor (not shown).
  • the analyte detecting member or analyte detecting members are exposed to a sample of the fluid of unknown composition.
  • a plurality of analyte detecting members may be arranged into an array of analyte detecting members exposed to one fluid sample, each group targeting a specific analyte and may contain an analyte-specific chemical that interacts more specifically with one analyte than with some other analytes to be analyzed. Each analyte detecting member may also have different sensitivity ranges so as to maximize overall sensitivity of an array of such analyte detecting members.
  • the light source 912 shines light on at least one analyte detecting member to cause light interaction. The differences in the analyte detecting members may lead to differences in the light interaction.
  • the light detector detects the light interaction by the analyte detecting members.
  • the processor analyzes the light interaction by the analyte detecting members to take into account interference in light interaction among the analytes, thereby determining the concentration of the desired analyte in the fluid.
  • the light source 912 may be but is not limited to an LED.
  • An alternative LED 915 may also be used with the present invention.
  • Light, illumination, or excitation energy from LED 912 travels along a path through a pinhole 916 , a filter 917 , and a lens 918 .
  • the light then comes into contact with a beamsplitter 919 such as but not limited to a dichroic mirror or other device useful for beamsplitting.
  • the light is then directed towards lens 920 as indicated by arrow 921 .
  • the lens 920 focuses light onto the analyte detecting member ( FIG. 91 ). This excitation energy may cause a detectable optical indicator from the analyte detecting member.
  • fluorescence energy may be reflected bay up the lens 920 .
  • This energy passes through the beamsplitter 919 and to lens 922 which is then received by detector 914 as indicated by arrow 923 .
  • the detector 914 measures the energy and this information is passed on to the processor (not shown) to determine analyte levels.
  • the illumination system 910 may also include cells 924 on the disc surface.
  • a penetrating member 925 drive by a force generator 926 such as but not limited to a solenoid may be used to obtain the fluid sample.
  • a detent 927 may also be included with the device along with other bare lancets or penetrating members 928 .
  • Cartridge 929 is similar to cartridge 800 .
  • Cartridge 929 is a single cartridge having a plurality of penetrating members and a plurality of optical analyte detecting members (not shown).
  • the cartridge 929 further includes a plurality of optically transparent portions 930 which may be but is not limited to windows or the like for the light from LED 912 to shine into a cavity of the cartridge 929 .
  • each cavity of the cartridge 929 may include at least one transparent portion 930 . This allows the light to generate energy that may be read by analyte detecting member 914 .
  • the cartridge 929 may be used a driver 882 to actuate penetrating members and the cartridge 929 may rotate as indicated by arrow 931 .
  • This system 932 has source 912 with a lens 933 having an excitation filter 934 .
  • This excitation filter 934 in one embodiment, only allows excitation energy to pass.
  • This filter 934 allows the excitation energy to pass to dichroic mirror 935 , but does not let it return to source 912 .
  • Excitation energy is reflected down as indicated by arrow 936 .
  • Lens 937 focuses the energy to optical analyte detecting member 938 .
  • Fluorescence energy 939 passes through the dichroic mirror 935 and towards a fluorescent filter 940 .
  • the fluorescent filter 940 only allows fluorescent energy to pass through to lens 941 .
  • the detector 914 only receives fluorescent energy from the analyte detecting member 938 .
  • the filter may be changed to allow the type of energy being generated by analyte detecting member 938 to pass.
  • no filter may be used.
  • the dichroic mirror 935 may be a Bk7 substrate, 63 ⁇ 40 ⁇ 8 mm.
  • the filters may also be a Bk7 substrate about 40 mm in diameter and about 6 mm thick.
  • an illumination system 942 does not use a beamsplitter or dichroic mirror. Instead, both the source or LED 912 and detector 914 have direct line of sight to the optical analyte detecting member 938 .
  • multiple elements are combined into a single housing. For example, lens 943 , lens 944 , and filter 945 are combined while lens 946 , lens 947 , and filter 948 are also combined.
  • FIG. 93 a cross-section of a system similar to that of FIG. 89 is shown in a housing 950 .
  • LED 912 sends light to mirror 919 to a light path 951 to cells 924 on a surface of the disc.
  • a finger access 952 allows a sample to be obtained and flow along a fluid pathway 953 to be analyzed.
  • a processor 954 may be coupled to detector 914 to analyze the results.
  • FIG. 94 a cross-section of a system similar to that of FIG. 90 will be further described.
  • This shows a cartridge 929 used with a driver 882 .
  • the driver 882 may have a coupler portion that reciprocates as indicated by arrow 956 .
  • FIGS. 95 and 96 provide further views of a system similar to that of FIG. 89 .
  • the embodiment of FIGS. 95 and 96 may include additional lenses or filters as may be useful to refine energy detection.
  • a tissue penetrating device 1000 for use with digitally encoded information will now be described.
  • a user interface 1002 including but not limited to an optical read out, and one or more detectors 1004 may be provided on the device.
  • the detector 1004 can be a CMOS.
  • the detector 1004 may provide a mechanism for digitally reading encoded information associated with the cartridge 1006 , or any other information or aspect of the operation, use, and the like of the tissue penetrating system.
  • the tissue penetrating device 1000 may also include memory 1008 .
  • the memory 1008 can also include digitally encoded information associated with the tissue penetrating systems and its use. Examples of the digitally encoded information include but are not limited to number of penetrating members used, number of target tissue penetrating events, time and date of the last selected number of target tissue penetrating events, time interval between alarm and target tissue penetrating event, stratum corneum thickness, time of day, energy consumed by a penetrating member driver to drive a penetrating member into the target tissue, depth of penetrating member penetration, velocity of the penetrating member, desired velocity profile, velocity of the penetrating member into the target tissue, velocity of the penetrating member out of the target tissue, dwell time of the penetrating member in the target tissue, a target tissue relaxation parameter, force delivered on the target tissue, dwell time of the penetrating member, battery status, system status, consumed energy, speed profile of the penetrating member as the penetrating penetrate
  • Such a device may function mainly as an analyte detecting meter and may be designed to hold a cartridge that can be used for multiple measurement events.
  • the digitally encoded information may be read via the user interface. It should be understood that bar coding and other techniques for relating information may also be used with the present invention.
  • a tissue penetrating device 1000 with an optical detection system that separates excitation and fluorescence images will now be described.
  • One or more optical detectors or imagers 1010 are provided.
  • a grating 1012 is positioned at an aperture plane of a lens L.
  • Excitation radiation is directed at an object O.
  • the object O may be a well with emulsions or other chemical compounds to detect the presence of at least one analyte.
  • the diffraction of the grating 1012 causes the fluorescence image ⁇ f and excitation image ⁇ e to be separated.
  • the detector 1010 can be a CMOS or CMOS array. This permits the excitation and fluorescence images to be separately detected.
  • the lens aperture plane grating 1012 uses diffraction to separate the excitation image and fluorescent image.
  • the filter 1014 may be used to attenuate the excitation so that saturation of the detector 1010 (which in this embodiment may be a CMOS array) can be prevented.
  • the aim is to provide maximum focal plane information and reduce the need for a dichroic beamsplitter (although such a beamsplitter may be used in alternative embodiments).
  • a GRIN lens array may be used in place of lens L.
  • Splitting of the image may allow for more accurate detection of the fluorescence image. Splitting may reduce the amount of noise associated with the fluorescence image. Splitting may also allow for referencing of the displaced images.
  • the optical train of FIG. 98 may be adapted for use with the embodiments described in FIGS. 89-96 and with any of the embodiments disclosed herein.
  • the displaced images may be directed at one CMOS, one CMOS array, separate CMOS's, or separate CMOS arrays.
  • the tissue penetrating device such as but not limited to device 1000 may use photodetector arrays for fluorescence lifetime imaging to determine analyte levels.
  • CMOS detector arrays are utilized to measure fluorescence lifetimes of the analyte detecting members.
  • each pixel in the array has a plurality of charge/voltage storage locations. A sample of the correct pixel light level can be stored at one or more of these storage locations, as illustrated in FIG. 99 .
  • FIG. 100 a time dependent optical image can be sampled and averaged, or integrated, on the array. This integration, as a function of time, is illustrated in FIG. 100 .
  • A represents the averaged/integrated time dependent optical image on one capacitor.
  • B is the averaged/integrated time dependent optical image on a different capacitor.
  • a processor (not shown) in the device 1000 may be used to determine analyte levels using this lifetime information.
  • the capacitor may be on the cartridge or on the device 1000 .
  • a tissue penetrating device and/or an analyte detecting meter such as but not limited to device 1000 , with a diffuser for illuminating well regions with homogenized light
  • a diffuser 1020 may be utilized to uniformly illuminate several discrete analyte regions of wells 1022 from an extended light source 1024 , including but not limited to LED's and the like.
  • custom diffractive optical elements can modify the phase in front of a focal plane of a lends to produce a highly uniform set of spots in back of the focal plane. Diffraction is utilized to rearrange the light fields. Algorithms, including but not limited to Gerchberg-Saxton, can be used to calculate the phase of the appropriate diffractive element in order to create an arbitrary distribution at the wells. The result is computation of a phase distribution that converts a light field, such as but not limited to that of an LED, to a specific and custom light distribution by means of diffraction. It should be understood that controller or processor associated with the tissue penetrating device 1000 may include logic for performing the phase and other calculations described above.
  • the wells 1030 are maintained in focus through a combination of a light source 1032 , an object, viewing lens 1034 and a detector 1036 . If a well is warped, or becomes warped, and out of plane, the focus of the wells is maintained irrespective of the warping by use of a specific geometry to maintain focus. This corrects for out of plane errors of the wells.
  • the lens position may be adjustable as indicated by arrows 1038 . They may be movable in vertical, horizontal, tilted or other orientation other than shown by arrows in the FIG. 103 .
  • tissue penetrating device and/or an analyte detecting meter with auto fluorescence to reduce noise will now be described.
  • interfering light include but are not limited to, back-scattered illumination, auto fluorescence from the sample chamber, and the like.
  • the measurement may be made by a separate detector CMOS 1040 .
  • a separate source 1042 (shown in phantom) may be used and aimed at a non-well portion of the object.
  • the analyte sensing system is a dual luminescent analyte detecting system that utilizes luminescent beads 1050 of the same color with different non-overlapping lifetimes ranges for their particular analyte.
  • a slurry is laid over a well. Different portions of the slurry can be selected to be an oxygen sensor, a glucose sensor, and the like. The slurry has all of the properties needed for one or more analytes to be detected and/or measured.
  • the sample is selectively dispersed to different parts of the slurry with separate areas as demarked by dotted line 1052 . Activation is dependent on the slurry and/or what is deposited. It should be understood that triple and other luminescent detecting systems may also be used.
  • a tissue penetrating device and/or an analyte detecting meter with a star geometry of wells will now be described.
  • a plurality of wells such as but not limited to W 1 to W 4 are provided and are arranged with a central fluid input port 1060 for receiving a body fluid with one or more analytes.
  • the plurality of wells W 1 -W 4 are coupled to the common input port 1060 .
  • the wells are arranged in a star configuration, as illustrated in FIG. 106 .
  • Use of the common input port which can be centrally positioned relative to each well W, and/or positioned the same distance from each well, provides that fluid is evenly distributed to each well.
  • FIG. 107A It should be understood that other configurations such as but not limited Y, asterisk, and other as shown in FIG. 107A may also be used. These wells may be combined with any of the cartridges described herein, such as but not limited to cartridge 500 . In some embodiments, more than one well is associated with each glucose test event as seen in FIG. 107B .
  • the disc-shaped cartridge 500 may have some, none, all, or combinations of the star and other shaped wells.
  • FIG. 107B is purely exemplary.
  • each penetrating member 1070 is housed in a channel, as illustrated in FIG. 108 .
  • a multi-arm structure as seen in FIG. 109 is positioned adjacent to the channel housing the penetrating member.
  • An equilibrium based measurement is utilized for analyte determination.
  • the chemistries of analyte detecting members are separated in a channel in order to ease manufacturing challenges.
  • glucose oxidase can be in one channel and Ru in an adjacent one. Oxygen is depleted from the glucose oxidase and the Ru then senses the depletion of the oxygen in the body fluid. It will be appreciated that this equilibrium bases measurement method and system can be used for any number of different chemistries and analytes.
  • a tissue penetrating device and/or an analyte detecting meter with spectral encoding of well positions will now be described.
  • one or more detectors or imagers are provided.
  • the detector is a plurality of discrete detectors.
  • Spectral encoding may be used in one embodiment of the invention to spectrally slice the fluorescence spectrum of multiple wells. Imaging homogenization may be used, along with complementary spectral filtering in the filter plane, to separate out the light from the wells. This makes the image position insensitive to the well positions.
  • a processor in the device 1000 may include logic for handling the spectral encoding.
  • a spectrofluorometer may be used to detect the signal.
  • the well may contain a plurality of beads and it may be possible to spectrally encode the beads used in wells.
  • tissue penetrating device and/or an analyte detecting meter with cylindrical optics to reduce image position sensitivity will now be described.
  • cylindrical optics are included.
  • the cylindrical optics provide an afocal imaging system such that a point image from a well associated with a sensor is transformed to a line image.
  • the line image overfills a linear detector array in a direction that is perpendicular to a scan of the array. This desensitizes an image position relative to a radical position of the well.
  • the cylindrical optics have a longitudinal axis orthogonal to the direction of the light reflected from the object. In other embodiments, the cylindrical optics have their longitudinal axis substantially parallel to the light from the object.
  • a tissue penetrating device and/or an analyte detecting meter with detent placements will now be described.
  • Detents may be positioned close to the penetrating members and/or the wells.
  • the detents, or other equivalent structures, are utilized to reduce effects of position tolerances that can occur during manufacturing and alignment. These effects can be the direct result of maintaining mechanical tolerances.
  • the detents can be utilized to hold the penetrating members in a plane of various optical components of the system.
  • tissue penetrating device and/or an analyte detecting meter with CMOS imager for multiple well sensors will now be described.
  • an image integrated circuit is utilized with a plurality of disconnected areas.
  • One or more CMOS imagers are utilized. This enables circuitry to be positioned around each image patch of the sensor wells. Parallel read-outs are produced. This embodiment also provides more correction of imperfections in the wells, including but not limited to well off-set. Issues relating to use of a regular array of pixels can be resolved.
  • tissue penetrating device and/or an analyte detecting meter with corrected importations in imager arrays for fluorescence lifetime measurement will now be described.
  • the performance of imager arrays is improved for fluorescence lifetime or other optical measurements
  • Means are provided for correcting, or adjusting, gains of individual pixels, or groups of pixels, in am imager array.
  • the offsets can be corrected by injecting correction signals, into suitable correction circuits, using DAC's.
  • An importation process is utilized to compute digital conversion values that are input into the DAC's. Suitable importation processes include, but are not limited, measuring offsets with no incident light, measuring gains using a fixed incident light level, and the like.
  • tissue penetrating device and/or an analyte detecting meter with an optical imager array will now be described.
  • the performance and multi-functionality of an optical imager array associated with the wells is improved.
  • the optical imager array is a CMOS.
  • the optical imager can include one or more groups of pixels. By way of illustration, and without limitation, a mixture of pixel sizes and geometries for a task group is utilized. This reduces, and can minimize, the number of pixels and associated circuitry, and/or optimize the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of different pixels for different optical measurement functions for analytes in response to the analyte detecting members.
  • SNR signal-to-noise ratio
  • CMOS array may have the following advantages:
  • CMOS chip takes a full frame picture of the illuminated chemical wells, determines which pixels are looking at which wells, then proceeds to readout only the illuminated pixels. Any mechanical movement is compensated for in software. Excitation light over-flooding may be compensated for as provided by various embodiments discussed herein.
  • a CMOS array can provide focus compensation (at the expense of collection the same amount of light from more pixels and perhaps reducing the SNR).
  • a CMOS detector in this nonlimiting example, can decrease cost by using 1 detector instead of 6 (assuming 6 chemical wells).
  • a CMOS detector decreases cost by allowing integration of detectors, pre-amp, and adc on same chip. The CMOS detector can centralize dc offset and gain drift to a single point, allows for automatic adjustment of offset and gain, decreases the cost by allowing other signal processing functions on the same chip.
  • CMOS detector may make it easy to change chemical well geometry, referencing, etc. without redesign of the optical system. This may turn out to be one of the more important advantages of using CMOS arrays. Any change in chemical well geometry with discrete detectors, will require substantial changes in the optics. With sufficient pixel density and count, the addition of more wells, changes in well geometry, or changes in well spacing could be easily handled via software changes to the processor in a device such as but not limited to that of device 1000 .
  • a CMOS detector provides the ability to read encoded data on cartridges such as bar codes. A separate system for reading data encoded into cartridges would be needed if discrete detectors are used. The CMOS detector also has the ability to determine the start time for the measurement by looking at the fluid front.
  • CMOS detectors may be low. Frame rate is the time it takes to sample one image, move the signal from the pixels to ADC, digitize, then process that signal if needed. Each time sample for lifetime imaging may take one frame. Generally, pixel data is read out serially and the frame rate is dominated by this serialization. In one embodiment, fluorescent lifetimes are estimated by taking many frames and averaging the signals. For a given measurement interval (say 1 second), the more frames measured, the better the SNR. In some embodiments, individual detectors may be used where the signals are read out in parallel and the effective frame rate is very fast (limited by the modulation rate of the fluorescence). Fill factor of 40% is typical with current active pixel sensors. In the present invention, 98% is attainable with specialized buried structures and 98% is attainable with linear arrays
  • FPN fixed pattern noise
  • Individual pixels have different gain and dark currents. This creates a noise signal which appears as a fixed pattern in the image. It does not always average out.
  • the array is used to compensate for mechanical misalignment, then for a given chemical well position, different sets of pixels, with different FPN's will be used to detect signal each time the cartridge is moved.
  • over-flooding LED illumination may decrease signal levels. Compensation for misalignment may have the imaged area at the chemical well plane larger than the wells or measurement area alone. In order to see all possible positions of those chemical wells within the imaged area, all of the imaged area may be illuminated. That is, the spot of light from the LED would overfill the measurement area. Only a fraction of the illuminating photons would then go towards generating fluorescence.
  • the frame rate is one of the primary specifications used in determining a given imaging array's applicability to measuring lifetimes. This is because frame-rate times pixel-count determines the pixel readout rate.
  • the pixel readout rate sets the sampling rate used to estimate the fluorescent lifetime. Since multiple frames may be averaged to estimate lifetimes, the SNR will increase with increasing frame rate.
  • the maximum frame rate is limited not only by the chip bandwidth, but also the maximum rate one can modulate Ruthenium fluorescence.
  • a fluorescence lifetime may be estimated.
  • several samples or frames of the fluorescent signal may be taken at differing times. This does not include averaging used to achieve a certain SNR.
  • the number of frames required for phase and square wave modes are:
  • each frame comprises one component of a multi-component lifetime determination. For example for phase: one frame for I, then one frame for Q; or for pulse excitation: one frame for the integral of the first half of the fluorescence decay, and one frame for the second half. All SNR estimates are for the one of these components (e.g. I or Q, ect.).
  • Software may allow the detector to be driven in three modes such as but not limited to: pulse, phase, or amplitude.
  • the frame rate, pixel rate, number of pixels, integration time, and sampling parameters for each of the measurement modes is changeable by the user. Timing diagrams for the three modes of operation are shown in Appendix C.
  • a circuit was designed and built which simulates Ruthenium fluorescence. In one embodiment, it can generate fluorescence decay profiles similar to that seen by either pulsed or sinusoidal excitation.
  • pulse excitation a TTL input pulse is put through a first order exponential filter which then drives an LED, giving a light output with a first order exponential decay. The lifetime is adjustable from 2 to 5 microseconds.
  • a red 650 nm LED is used to simulated Ruthenium emission fluorescence.
  • a second input accepts continuous TTL pulse trains of frequency equivalent to a sinusoidal excitation one would use in a phase type system.
  • the output is a sinusoidal emission which is phase shifted by a first order exponential function.
  • the circuit is shown in Appendix D.
  • FIG. 110 a block diagram of one embodiment of the optical system is shown.
  • the optical system comprise a red LED (650 nm), whose light is passed through a 100 micron pinhole.
  • Light emanating from the pinhole is imaged via an afocal lens arrangement using two achromatic doublets. The space between the lenses was used to temporarily steer the beam for power measurements. Power from the pinhole was adjusted so that its image at the detector plane was approximately 2 nanowatts (peak).
  • the pinhole is imaged onto the linear array with a magnification of 1:1.
  • the array is mounted to an xy stage for fine tuning its position relative to the pinhole image. All beampaths were kept in light tight black anodized 1′′ diameter tubing (Thor Labs).
  • Processing may be done on or off chip.
  • the time slices may be generated to select out the required time samples of the fluorescent signal. These time slices may be taken as fast as possible to maximize SNR.
  • the resultant high bandwidths have two major implications: First, the electronics, both on chip and off chip will require an added level of care and simulation in order to function properly with minimal excess noise impact. Second, the power consumption of this device and its associated ADC and signal processing could be significant. This should be kept in mind when designing the battery operated handheld version.
  • a tissue penetrating device and/or an analyte detecting meter with improved storage stability will now be described.
  • penetrating members and their associated sample chambers are in a controlled environment during storage.
  • a resealable septum, or other suitable device is provided for the penetrating members, penetrating members and their associated sample chambers with analyte detecting members.
  • the resealable septum can be utilized with multiple tissue penetrating members, and their associated multiple sample chambers with analyte detecting members. This improves the pre-use shelf-life and post-use storage.
  • a tissue penetrating device and/or an analyte detecting meter with single step deposition analyte detecting members will now be described.
  • a single step process is utilized to place the analyte detecting members in each well 1100 . This simplifies the manufacturing steps for deposition of the different chemistries that make up the analyte detecting member.
  • the analyte detecting member may be a sensor layer of a single material that is deposited in one step.
  • the sensor layer is a combination of everything that is deposited in a well 1100 . This is achieved by forming an emulsion of a Ru sensing phase within a group of oxidase sensing materials. This emulsion is then deposited as a single step on the surface of the structure that houses all of the wells.
  • a plurality of separators 1104 may be attached to the substrate 1106 as indicated by arrows 1108 to keep fluid from one area from flowing to wells in another area. In one embodiment, the separators 1104 may connected to have a hub-and-spoke configuration.
  • a tissue penetrating device and/or an analyte detecting meter with multi-analyte sensing will now be described. It should be understood that any of the compounds described herein may be adapted for use with a cartridge 500 or with the embodiments show in FIGS. 89-96 .
  • the analyte detecting members in the wells detect and/or measure multiple analytes.
  • An emulsion based analyte detecting member is provided.
  • the inside of the analyte detecting member includes an oxygen sensor and is surrounded by an enzyme.
  • a glucose detecting member can be created with an emulsion of beads.
  • the dispersed elements are segregated so that one bead has one enzyme, and another bead has a different enzyme. In place of the beads, multi-phase emulsions can be utilized.
  • the possible embodiments of the emulsion include 1) Use of emulsifiers with liquid silicone/hydrogel system, 2) Use of emulsifiers with x-linked silicone/hydrogel system, 4) Siloxane sol-gel/hydrogel system, and 5) Solid-supported O2 sensor/hydrogel.
  • Candidate supports include silicas and zeolites.
  • hydrophile-lipophile balance (HLB) considerations are used to select candidate emulsifiers. Using simple, lab-available mixer, series of emulsions and dispersions varying, relative ratios of silicone/hydrogel, amount of emulsifier or dispersant, technique of addition (e.g. silicone/water pre-emulsion or direct emulsification into hydrogel solution), extent and degree of mixing, etc. are prepared.
  • the present invention comprises identifying emulsifier candidates.
  • the desired HLB for polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) silicone oil is 9-11.
  • Paraffinic mineral oil has a similar required HLB of 10, more polar fluids have higher required HLBs (e.g. toluene is 15).
  • This similar desired HLB for PDMS and aliphatic hydrocarbons is the reason why conventional hydrocarbon emulsifiers developed for hydrocarbon-in-water emulsions work well for silicone-in-water emulsions.
  • the principal intermolecular interactions between PDMS molecules are the London forces between the methyl groups.
  • silicone-based emulsifiers Although they are available they are more expensive and can be obtained only in a more restricted range of HLBs than organic emulsifiers.
  • the starting point for obtaining good emulsions is to match the required HLB of the oil to the HLB number of the emulsifier. Often two or more emulsifiers with a net average HLB of the required value is better than a single emulsifier.
  • the lower HLB component will usually be of smaller size and is likely to depress the interfacial tension more rapidly thereby aiding in emulsion formation.
  • the higher HLB component will be bulkier and can bring steric repulsion factors that contribute to emulsion stability.
  • the likelihood that a variety of low HLB/high HLB combinations will be tried is a good reason to focus on organic emulsifiers first and move to silicone-based emulsifiers only if the research direction requires it.
  • SPANS sorbitan fatty acid esters
  • TWEENS ethoxylated adducts
  • SPAN sorbitan fatty acid esters
  • TWEENS ethoxylated adducts
  • TWEEN 85 is an ethoxylate sorbitan trioleate with a total of 21 ethylene oxide units and an HLB of 11.0. Many combinations for achieving this value are also possible.
  • a TWEEN 60/SPAN 60 mixture will be amongst those tried initially.
  • TWEEN 60 is POE (20) sorbitan monostearate with HLB 14.9; SPAN 60 is unethoxylated sorbitan monostearate with HLB 4.7.
  • One attraction of these sorbitan-based emulsifiers is their compatibility with proteins (hence their pharmaceutical use) however, compatibility with the glucose oxidase chemistry might be an issue.
  • Alkylphenyl ethoxylates e.g. the NONOXYNOLS based on nonylphenoxy(EO) n and OCTOXYNOLS based on octylphenoxy have also been used to stabilize silicone emulsions.
  • NONOXYNOLS based on nonylphenoxy(EO) n and OCTOXYNOLS based on octylphenoxy have also been used to stabilize silicone emulsions.
  • silicone-polyether surfactants with HLBs in the 9 to 11 range. These include materials from GE, Th. Goldschmidt AG, and Dow Corning. However, most silicone-based emulsifiers are of much lower HLB and formulated as water-in-oil (inverse) emulsifiers and specialty wetting agents.
  • HEMA partitioned into trimethylsilylmethylmethacrylate in all cases within the examined range of water content.
  • HEMA also partitioned into water in all combinations with acryloxypropyltris-(trimethylsiloxy)silane within the examined range of water content.
  • this silane does not dissolve the Ru-complex.
  • HEMA also partitioned into water in all combinations with methacryloxypropyl-pentamethyldisiloxane and within the examined range of water content.
  • trace amount of HEMA were also found in the siloxane monomer phase, and this amount did not seem to be water/HEMA content dependent.
  • Ru-complex is soluble in this disiloxane and for this reason it is presently the monomer of choice for emulsification studies with HEMA and water.
  • BEE benzoin ethyl ether
  • One favorable emulsion formulation is an emulsion containing 1:2 (v/v) hydrophobic/hydrophilic phases, 4:1 (w/w) Monomer 5:Monomer 1 mixture for the hydrophobic phase and 1 mg/mL GOX content in the hydrophilic phase.
  • emulsion formulations may be crosslinked.
  • An emulsion curing approach has been developed using benzoin ethyl ether (BEE) a UV sensitive free radical initiator in the hydrophobic phase, and water-soluble (2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenyl acetophenone (Irgacure 651) in the hydrophilic phase. Upon exposure to UV light, these initiators effectively crosslink (cure) emulsions in an adequately short time (minutes).
  • BEE benzoin ethyl ether
  • Irgacure 651 water-soluble (2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenyl acetophenone
  • Some nonlimiting examples of monomers that show better combinations of Ru complex solubility, oxygen quenching, emulsion lifetime stability, and synthetic reproducibility include but are not limited to: 1) End-capping one methacrylate end of Monomer 5 with SiR 3 groups in order to improve its FLT dynamic range (i.e. oxygen quench property) while retaining highly favorable emulsification ability:
  • hydrophilic to hydrophobic phase ratio can be increased while retaining very good film robustness even without chemical crosslinking of the phases.
  • This can be achieved by utilizing hydrophilic-hydrophobic block copolymers where mechanical integrity is provided by physical crosslinks between the constitutive blocks resulting from their microphase separation.
  • Appropriate selection of the respective blocks may provide systems that can successfully contain well above 80% (w) water.
  • tissue penetrating device and/or an analyte detecting meter with high sensitivity optical biosensor will now be described.
  • the natural pyrolloquiniline quinone (PQQ) containing enzyme is isolated from, by way of example, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus or preferably the more stable form obtained by cloning into Esherichia coli , and is used in conjunction with an autooxidisable electron acceptor.
  • Suitable autooxidisable electron acceptors include but are not limited to phenazine methosulphate (PMS) or phenazine ethosulphate (PES).
  • PMS phenazine methosulphate
  • PES phenazine ethosulphate
  • the combination produces a biochemical system which consumes oxygen in the presence of glucose. This is converted into the analyte detecting member by combining the system with an optical oxygen sensor that is based on fluorescence.
  • the advantage is much higher turnover than alternatives, including but not limited to glucose oxidase (approximately 100 fold), and lower molecular weight. This facilitates smaller sensing areas in a miniaturized array type of device with higher sensitivity at low concentrations of glucose.
  • sensitive is further enhanced by adding a second enzyme, such as glucose oxidase, to recycle the products of GDH.
  • the present invention provides an analyte detecting member, that includes PQQ GDF or other PQQ enzymes in combination with an electron acceptor, which readily reacts with oxygen, immobilized in the vicinity of an optical (fluorescence-based) oxygen sensing system to form an optical biosensor where the PQQ enzyme's substrate is the analyte.
  • a single analyte detecting member is utilized.
  • the chemistry is varied within each analyte detecting member.
  • a gradient is utilized for each analyte detecting member in a well.
  • a continual gradient is created across the analyte detecting member, which increases the dynamic range of the analyte detecting member.
  • two separate drops of different concentrations are deposited into a well. As they diffuse, a gradient is created.
  • a gel is deposited in a well. A solution is then deposited, with the gel creating the gradient.
  • a platform is provided with multiple micro-channels.
  • the platform is positioned above and in contact with the structure that contains the wells which will house the analyte detecting member.
  • a liquid form of chemistry, to be immobilized in the wells, is introduced from the micro-channels into the wells.
  • the platform is then removed.
  • the top of the wells is scraped away, in order to level the amount of analyte detecting member in each well.
  • the penetrating members and the analyte detecting members in the wells are sterilized at the same time.
  • Gamma is used in combination with chemical treatments.
  • chemical treatments are used with the gamma. Examples of chemical treatments include but are not limited to glutaraldehyde, alcohol, peroxide, and the like.
  • tissue penetrating device and/or an analyte detecting meter with solid microbeads 1120 in analyte detecting members will now be described.
  • analyte detecting member is in the form of a micro-bead.
  • micro-beads eases manufacturing challenges.
  • a Ru bead can be coated with glucose oxidase.
  • the handling of the chemistries is simplified to minimize wetting issues that can occur with the wells 1122 .
  • Use of the micro-beads also removes the need for highly controlled volume deposition when the analyte detecting member is integrated with the wells.
  • analyte detecting member array with a plurality of analyte detecting members, analyte detecting members.
  • Each analyte detecting member can assess different parameters of interest and can require a plurality of chemistry layers. It should be understood that these method steps may be adapted for use in manufacturing a disc-shaped cartridge 500 or any of the cartridges described herein.
  • the method entails three major steps: (1) the manufacturing of reaction platform components that include channels and wells; (2) the deposition of analyte detecting member chemistries in a liquid phase; and (3) the assembly of platform components. These steps are distinct to minimize manufacturing complexity; e.g., the platform components can be manufactured at one location and then brought to a different location for the chemistry deposition step, with minimal transit between locations.
  • the reaction platform components may be designed in a manner that allows the analyte detecting member chemistries to be deposited in excess onto certain platform components.
  • certain platform components include wells 1130 , as well as potentially “inverse wells” and holes that expose features of other platform components that are layered on top of these platform components.
  • Other platform components include channels, as well as potentially holes that when aligned with the inverse wells of other platform components effectively become wells themselves.
  • Emulsion or other material are deposited in Step 2 .
  • the wells and effective wells created from inverse wells are designed so that that platform material between the analyte detecting member and the detector may be of the same thickness.
  • the method of the present invention desires that the detector have a depth of field that is adequate for the difference in distance between the wells and the effective wells created from the inverse wells.
  • the analyte detecting member chemistry that does not rest in the wells is scraped away from the platform at Step 3 .
  • the analyte detecting member chemistry is then set at Step 4 , resulting in a solid or semi-solid phase.
  • Step 5 shows that a top layer may be added to provide microfluidics to guide fluid to the wells 1130 .
  • Analyte detecting members sometimes desires layers of chemistries to organize certain chemistries into appropriate environment, such as hydrophilic environment for missing a liquid sample with certain chemistries and a hydrophobic environment for separating molecules in a gas phase from a liquid sample.
  • another platform component may be assembled on top of the platform component onto which the earlier analyte detecting member chemistry had been deposited. This new platform component will have holes positioned such that when it is assembled with the earlier platform it effectively extends the depth of the wells, and the next layer of chemistries may therefore be deposited into the newly extended wells using the scraping method.
  • all the analyte detecting members of one kind can be deposited onto a single platform component using the scraping method, and all of the analyte detecting members of other kinds can be deposited onto other platform components also using the scraping methods.
  • Analyte detecting members comprised of different chemistries may be useful to calibrate other analyte detecting members, to assess the presence of substances that are known to interfere with other chemistries, and/or to have analyte detecting members that are tuned to specific ranges of concentration of a particular analyte.
  • FIG. 115 show the steps of one method for manufacturing multiple wells 1150 and 1152 on multiple levels.
  • Microfluidic channels 1154 and 1156 may be formed in the layers to guide fluid the associated wells 1150 and 1152 .
  • a block copolymer of hydrophobic and hydrophilic polymers such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) may be used.
  • PDMS polydimethylsiloxane
  • PEO poly(ethylene oxide)
  • the technical field relates to block copolymers. The idea is based on the common, mutual insolubility of different polymers. If covalently bonded together they phase separate into domains.
  • ABA type polymer or (AB) n polymer where A is the hydrophobic PDMS chain and B is the hydrophilic PEO chain, one A segment might be in one separated hydrophobic domain and the other A segment might be in another hydrophobic domain or droplet.
  • the hydrophobic domains might be chained together (held at their ends by covalent bonds with the hydrophilic chains, yet separated and unable to coalesce because of the mutual insolubility of PEO and PDMS chains.
  • a cross-linking of the PEO chains with each other may be desirable.
  • the present embodiments of the invention envisions block copolymers of hydrophobic, oxygen permeable, Ru complex soluble, polymers such as PDMS with hydrophilic, water-soluble, GOX compatible, polymers such as PEO or polyacrylamide. Additional cross-linking in the hydrophilic phase may be desirable in the presence of water or blood as well.
  • improved emulsion systems are provided that make an emulsion particle size sufficiently small that it is geometrically impossible for a GOX molecule to fit inside it.
  • One embodiment of the invention comprises a microemulsion of our preferred hydrophobic and hydrophilic phases.
  • the technical field relates to the field of so-called microemulsions.
  • Ordinary emulsions are, in fact, dispersions on the micro-scale.
  • Microemulsions are dispersions on the nano-scale.
  • a particle size in the 10 to 50 nm range which is possible for certain microemulsions, could ensure that GOX molecules are excluded (assuming GOX is a typical, large protein of at least 100 nm in size).
  • Microemulsions are thermodynamically stable isotropic solutions containing hydrophobic oils, water and emulsifiers.
  • our hydrophobic oil is a silicone acrylate and contains Ru complex.
  • Our water contains GOX and hydrogel materials.
  • Several structural types of microemulsion are possible: nanodroplets, cylindrical structure, and bicontinuous. I suspect the nanodroplet type would be best for us as it minimizes the interfacial area which will already be very large (minimum area means minimum possibility of Brownian motion fluctuations causing GOX/Ru complex collisions and interaction). Certainly the bicontinuous arrangement where the two phases form interpenetrating networks separated by a layer of emulsifier would be the least desirable as it seems more a recipe for keeping the phases adjacent to each other than keeping them apart).
  • Phase diagrams were constructed at various compositions of emulsifier surfactant, hydrophilic phase and hydrophobic phase. Since much smaller dispersion sizes require much greater amounts of emulsifier, it is desirable to have an emulsifier concentration at least 10 ⁇ higher than the 1-2% region currently utilized for our conventional, macroemulsions. Compositions in the 20 to 45% emulsifier region may be prepared. The one property of microemulsions that we can most easily exploit is their transparency which results from their particle size being significantly less than the wavelength of light. Thus it is possible to make a variety of compositions and map out the phase diagram area between transparency and opaqueness. Microemulsions are thermodynamically stable and should not separate into two phases at all. Monitoring of this type of stability as we already do for our conventional emulsions will also be a useful indicator.
  • a still further embodiment of the present invention shows a disc-shaped cartridge 1170 and an analyte detecting member cartridge 1172 .
  • the cartridge 1172 may have electrochemical detecting members or optical-based detecting members.
  • the members may be on the top side or the bottom side of the cartridge 1172 .
  • a user may lance themselves via a penetrating member from the cartridge 1170 .
  • a user may then place the blood onto the detecting member on cartridge 1172 .
  • Both cartridge may fit into a device substantially similar to that of device 1000 .
  • fluid channels leading to the analyte detecting members may be configured to hold at least about 1.5 ⁇ l, 1.4 ⁇ l, 1.3 ⁇ l, 1.2 ⁇ l, 1.1 ⁇ l, 1.0 ⁇ l, 0.9 ⁇ l, 0.8 ⁇ l, 0.7 ⁇ l, 0.6 ⁇ l, 0.5 ⁇ l, 0.4 ⁇ l, 0.3 ⁇ l, 0.2 ⁇ l, 0.1 ⁇ l, 0.05 ⁇ l, or 0.01 ⁇ l.
  • the fluid channels may also be viewed as holding no more than about 1.5 ⁇ l, 1.4 ⁇ l, 1.3 ⁇ l, 1.2 ⁇ l, 1.1 ⁇ l, 1.0 ⁇ l, 0.9 ⁇ l, 0.8 ⁇ l, 0.7 ⁇ l, 0.6 ⁇ l, 0.5 ⁇ l, 0.4 ⁇ l, 0.3 ⁇ l, 0.2 ⁇ l, 0.1 ⁇ l, 0.05 ⁇ l, or 0.01 ⁇ l, prior to the fluid entering the area 1130 .
  • the chamber with the analyte detecting member may hold about 1.5 ⁇ l, 1.4 ⁇ l, 1.3 ⁇ l, 1.2 ⁇ l, 1.1 ⁇ l, 1.0 ⁇ l, 0.9 ⁇ l, 0.8 ⁇ l, 0.7 ⁇ l, 0.6 ⁇ l, 0.5 ⁇ l, 0.4 ⁇ l, 0.3 ⁇ l, 0.2 ⁇ l, 0.1 ⁇ l, 0.05 ⁇ l, or 0.01 ⁇ l.
  • the area 1130 is designed to hold a volume slightly less than the amount of that can be held in the channel prior to the fluid reaching the chamber.
  • the analyte detecting member used in the present embodiment can provide its analysis using no more than about 1.0 ⁇ l, 0.9 ⁇ l, 0.8 ⁇ l, 0.7 ⁇ l, 0.6 ⁇ l, 0.5 ⁇ l, 0.4 ⁇ l, 0.3 ⁇ l, 0.2 ⁇ l, 0.1 ⁇ l, 0.05 ⁇ l, or 0.01 ⁇ l of fluid.
  • the amount of fluid used by all analyte members associated with each sample chamber 1150 can provide its analysis using no more than about 1.0 ⁇ l, 0.9 ⁇ l, 0.8 ⁇ l, 0.7 ⁇ l, 0.6 ⁇ l, 0.5 ⁇ l, 0.4 ⁇ l, 0.3 ⁇ l, 0.2 ⁇ l, 0.1 ⁇ l, 0.05 ⁇ l, or 0.01 ⁇ l of fluid.
  • the location of the penetrating member drive device may be varied, relative to the penetrating members or the cartridge.
  • the penetrating member tips may be uncovered during actuation (i.e. penetrating members do not pierce the penetrating member enclosure or protective foil during launch).
  • the penetrating members may be a bare penetrating member during launch.
  • the penetrating members may be bare penetrating members prior to launch as this may allow for significantly tighter densities of penetrating members.
  • the penetrating members may be bent, curved, textured, shaped, or otherwise treated at a proximal end or area to facilitate handling by an actuator.
  • the penetrating member may be configured to have a notch or groove to facilitate coupling to a gripper.
  • the notch or groove may be formed along an elongate portion of the penetrating member.
  • the cavity may be on the bottom or the top of the cartridge, with the gripper on the other side.
  • analyte detecting members may be printed on the top, bottom, or side of the cavities.
  • the front end of the cartridge may be in contact with a user during lancing.
  • the same driver may be used for advancing and retraction of the penetrating member.
  • the penetrating member may have a diameters and length suitable for obtaining the blood volumes described herein.
  • the penetrating member driver may also be in substantially the same plane as the cartridge. The driver may use a through hole or other opening to engage a proximal end of a penetrating member to actuate the penetrating member along a path into and out of the tissue.
  • any of the features described in this application or any reference disclosed herein may be adapted for use with any embodiment of the present invention.
  • the devices of the present invention may also be combined for use with injection penetrating members or needles as described in commonly assigned, copending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/127,395 filed Apr. 19, 2002.
  • An analyte detecting member to detect the presence of foil may also be included in the lancing apparatus. For example, if a cavity has been used before, the foil or sterility barrier will be punched. The analyte detecting member can detect if the cavity is fresh or not based on the status of the barrier.
  • the sterility barrier may be designed to pierce a sterility barrier of thickness that does not dull a tip of the penetrating member.
  • the lancing apparatus may also use improved drive mechanisms.
  • a solenoid force generator may be improved to try to increase the amount of force the solenoid can generate for a given current.
  • a solenoid for use with the present invention may have five coils and in the present embodiment the slug is roughly the size of two coils. One change is to increase the thickness of the outer metal shell or windings surround the coils. By increasing the thickness, the flux will also be increased.
  • the slug may be split; two smaller slugs may also be used and offset by 1 ⁇ 2 of a coil pitch. This allows more slugs to be approaching a coil where it could be accelerated. This creates more events where a slug is approaching a coil, creating a more efficient system.
  • a gripper in the inner end of the protective cavity may hold the penetrating member during shipment and after use, eliminating the feature of using the foil, protective end, or other part to retain the used penetrating member.
  • the housing of the lancing device may also be sized to be ergonomically pleasing.
  • the device has a width of about 56 mm, a length of about 105 mm and a thickness of about 15 mm.
  • some embodiments of the present invention may be used with non-electrical force generators or drive mechanism.
  • the punch device and methods for releasing the penetrating members from sterile enclosures could be adapted for use with spring based launchers.
  • the gripper using a frictional coupling may also be adapted for use with other drive technologies.
  • the location of the penetrating member drive device may be varied, relative to the penetrating members or the cartridge.
  • the penetrating member tips may be uncovered during actuation (i.e. penetrating members do not pierce the penetrating member enclosure or protective foil during launch).
  • the penetrating members may be a bare penetrating member during launch. The same driver may be used for advancing and retraction of the penetrating member.
  • Different analyte detecting members detecting different ranges of glucose concentration, different analytes, or the like may be combined for use with each penetrating member.
  • Non-potentiometric measurement techniques may also be used for analyte detection.
  • direct electron transfer of glucose oxidase molecules adsorbed onto carbon nanotube powder microelectrode may be used to measure glucose levels.
  • the analyte detecting members may formed to flush with the cartridge so that a “well” is not formed.
  • the analyte detecting members may formed to be substantially flush (within 200 microns or 100 microns) with the cartridge surfaces.
  • nanoscopic wire growth can be carried out via chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or other vapor deposition.
  • nanoscopic wires may be nanotubes.
  • any method useful for depositing a glucose oxidase or other analyte detection material on a nanowire or nanotube may be used with the present invention.
  • any of the cartridge shown above may be configured without any of the penetrating members, so that the cartridge is simply an analyte detecting device.
  • the indexing of the cartridge may be such that adjacent cavities may not necessarily be used serially or sequentially. As a nonlimiting example, every second cavity may be used sequentially, which means that the cartridge will go through two rotations before every or substantially all of the cavities are used. As another nonlimiting example, a cavity that is 3 cavities away, 4 cavities away, or N cavities away may be the next one used.
  • nanowires may be used with any embodiment of the cartridges described herein.
  • the size and diameters of the radial cartridges described herein may also vary and are not limited to the sizes shown herein.
  • frame rates in detectors are slow because of the time it takes to serialize many pixels, thus it is desirable to minimize the number of pixels. It may be desirable to select sub-arrays within the chip which have areas of interest (such as a chemical well fluorescent image). Parallel binning may also be desirable as it involves combining the charge on pixels before reading. This lowers the effective number of pixels to be read. These improvements may be achieved through the use of improved processors in a device similar to that of device 1000 .

Abstract

A device is provided for use with a tissue penetrating system and/or a metering device for measuring analyte levels. The device comprises a cartridge and a plurality of analyte detecting members mounted on the cartridge. The cartridge may have a radial disc shape. The cartridge may also be sized to fit within the metering device. The analyte detecting members may be optical system using fluorescence lifetime to determine analyte levels. In one embodiment, the device may also include a fluid spreader positioned over at least a portion of the analyte detecting member to urge fluid toward one of the detecting members. A plurality of analyte detecting members may be used. Each analyte detecting member may be a low volume device.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
The present application claims the benefit of priority to U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/437,184 filed Dec. 30, 2002, U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/437,185 filed Dec. 30, 2002, U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/437,186 filed Dec. 30, 2002, U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/437,191 filed Dec. 30, 2002, U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/437,192 filed Dec. 30, 2002, U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/437,312 filed Dec. 30, 2002, U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/437,323 filed Dec. 31, 2002, U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/437,333 filed Dec. 30, 2002, U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/437,334 filed Dec. 30, 2002, U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/437,335 filed Dec. 30, 2002, U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/437,336 filed Dec. 30, 2002, U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/437,337 filed Dec. 30, 2002, U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/437,340 filed Dec. 30, 2002, U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/437,341 filed Dec. 30, 2002, U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/437,342 filed Dec. 30, 2002, U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/437,343 filed Dec. 30, 2002, U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/437,345 filed Dec. 30, 2002, U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/437,346 filed Dec. 30, 2002, U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/437,347 filed Dec. 30, 2002, U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/437,386 filed Dec. 30, 2002, U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/437,454 filed Dec. 30, 2002, U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/437,455 filed Dec. 30, 2002, U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/437,510 filed Dec. 30, 2002, and U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/437,514 filed Dec. 30, 2002. The applications listed in this paragraph are fully incorporated herein by reference for all purposes.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Lancing devices are known in the medical health-care products industry for piercing the skin to produce blood for analysis. Typically, a drop of blood for this type of analysis is obtained by making a small incision in the fingertip, creating a small wound, which generates a small blood droplet on the surface of the skin.
Early methods of lancing included piercing or slicing the skin with a needle or razor. Current methods utilize lancing devices that contain a multitude of spring, cam and mass actuators to drive the lancet. These include cantilever springs, diaphragms, coil springs, as well as gravity plumbs used to drive the lancet. The device may be held against the skin and mechanically triggered to ballistically launch the lancet. Unfortunately, the pain associated with each lancing event using known technology discourages patients from testing. In addition to vibratory stimulation of the skin as the driver impacts the end of a launcher stop, known spring based devices have the possibility of firing lancets that harmonically oscillate against the patient tissue, causing multiple strikes due to recoil. This recoil and multiple strikes of the lancet is one major impediment to patient compliance with a structured glucose monitoring regime.
Another impediment to patient compliance is the lack of spontaneous blood flow generated by known lancing technology. In addition to the pain as discussed above, a patient may need more than one lancing event to obtain a blood sample since spontaneous blood generation is unreliable using known lancing technology. Thus the pain is multiplied by the number of attempts required by a patient to successfully generate spontaneous blood flow. Different skin thickness may yield different results in terms of pain perception, blood yield and success rate of obtaining blood between different users of the lancing device. Known devices poorly account for these skin thickness variations.
A still further impediment to improved compliance with glucose monitoring are the many steps and inconvenience associated with each lancing event. Many diabetic patients that are insulin dependent may need to self-test for blood glucose levels five to six times daily. The large number of steps required in traditional methods of glucose testing, ranging from lancing, to milking of blood, applying blood to a test strip, and getting the measurements from the test strip, discourages many diabetic patients from testing their blood glucose levels as often as recommended. Older patients and those with deteriorating motor skills encounter difficulty loading lancets into launcher devices, transferring blood onto a test strip, or inserting thin test strips into slots on glucose measurement meters. Additionally, the wound channel left on the patient by known systems may also be of a size that discourages those who are active with their hands or who are worried about healing of those wound channels from testing their glucose levels. Still further, the inconvenience of having to carry around a large number of individual test strips encumbers the users of conventional test equipment.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides solutions for at least some of the drawbacks discussed above. Specifically, some embodiments of the present invention provide a multiple lancet solution to measuring analyte levels in the body. The invention may use a high density design, with regards to the number of penetrating members in a cartridge or number of analyte detecting members on a cartridge. The present invention may provide optical techniques for measuring analyte levels. The present invention may provide manufacturing techniques for such optical analyte detecting members. At least some of these and other objectives described herein will be met by embodiments of the present invention.
In one embodiment, a device is provided for use with a metering device or tissue penetrating device for measuring analyte levels. The device comprises a cartridge and a plurality of analyte detecting members mounted on the cartridge. The cartridge may have a radial disc shape. The cartridge may also be sized to fit within the metering device. The analyte detecting members may be optical system using fluorescence lifetime to determine analyte levels. In one embodiment, the device may also include a fluid spreader positioned over at least a portion of the analyte detecting member to urge fluid toward one of the detecting members. A plurality of analyte detecting members may be used. Each analyte detecting member may be a low volume device.
A further understanding of the nature and advantages of the invention will become apparent by reference to the remaining portions of the specification and drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a system, according to an embodiment for use in piercing skin to obtain a blood sample;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a portion of a replaceable penetrating member cartridge forming part of the system;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional end view on 3-3 in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional end view on 4-4 in FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an apparatus forming part of the system and used for manipulating components of the cartridge, illustrating pivoting of a penetrating member accelerator in a downward direction;
FIG. 6A is a view similar to FIG. 5, illustrating how the cartridge is rotated or advanced;
FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional side view illustrating how the penetrating member accelerator allows for the cartridge to be advanced;
FIGS. 7A and 7B are views similar to FIGS. 6A and 6B, respectively, illustrating pivoting of the penetrating member accelerator in an opposite direction to engage with a select one of the penetrating members in the cartridge;
FIGS. 8A and 8B are views similar to FIGS. 7A and 7B, respectively, illustrating how the penetrating member accelerator moves the selected penetrating member to pierce skin;
FIGS. 9A and 9B are views similar to FIGS. 8A and 8B, respectively, illustrating how the penetrating member accelerator returns the penetrating member to its original position;
FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating functional components of the apparatus; and
FIG. 11 is an end view illustrating a cartridge according to an optional embodiment that allows for better adhesion of sterilization barriers.
FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment having features of the invention.
FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment having features of the invention in operation.
FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a low-friction coating applied to one penetrating member contact surface.
FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a coating applied to one penetrating member contact surface which increases friction and improves the microscopic contact area between the penetrating member and the penetrating member contact surface.
FIG. 16 illustrates a portion of a penetrating member cartridge having an annular configuration with a plurality of radially oriented penetrating member slots and a distal edge of a drive member disposed in one of the penetrating member slots.
FIG. 17 is an elevational view in partial longitudinal section of a coated penetrating member in contact with a coated penetrating member contact surface.
FIG. 18 illustrates an embodiment of a lancing device having features of the invention.
FIG. 19 is a perspective view of a portion of a penetrating member cartridge base plate having a plurality of penetrating member slots and drive member guide slots disposed radially inward of and aligned with the penetrating member slots.
FIGS. 20-22 illustrate a penetrating member cartridge in section, a drive member, a penetrating member and the tip of a patient's finger during three sequential phases of a lancing cycle.
FIG. 23 illustrates an embodiment of a penetrating member cartridge having features of the invention.
FIG. 24 is an exploded view of a portion of the penetrating member cartridge of FIG. 12.
FIGS. 25 and 26 illustrate a multiple layer sterility barrier disposed over a penetrating member slot being penetrated by the distal end of a penetrating member during a lancing cycle.
FIGS. 27 and 28 illustrate an embodiment of a drive member coupled to a driver wherein the drive member includes a cutting member having a sharpened edge which is configured to cut through a sterility barrier of a penetrating member slot during a lancing cycle in order for the drive member to make contact with the penetrating member.
FIGS. 29 and 30 illustrate an embodiment of a penetrating member slot in longitudinal section having a ramped portion disposed at a distal end of the penetrating member slot and a drive member with a cutting edge at a distal end thereof for cutting through a sterility barrier during a lancing cycle.
FIGS. 31-34 illustrate drive member slots in a penetrating member cartridge wherein at least a portion of the drive member slots have a tapered opening which is larger in transverse dimension at the top of the drive member slot than at the bottom of the drive member slot.
FIGS. 35-37 illustrate an embodiment of a penetrating member cartridge and penetrating member drive member wherein the penetrating member drive member has a contoured jaws configured to grip a penetrating member shaft.
FIGS. 38 and 39 show a portion of a lancing device having a lid that can be opened to expose a penetrating member cartridge cavity for removal of a used penetrating member cartridge and insertion of a new penetrating member cartridge.
FIGS. 40 and 41 illustrate a penetrating member cartridge that has penetrating member slots on both sides.
FIGS. 42-44 illustrate end and perspective views of a penetrating member cartridge having a plurality of penetrating member slots formed from a corrugated surface of the penetrating member cartridge.
FIGS. 45-48 illustrate embodiments of a penetrating member and drive member wherein the penetrating member has a slotted shaft and the drive member has a protuberance configured to mate with the slot in the penetrating member shaft.
FIG. 49 is a perspective view of a cartridge according to the present invention.
FIGS. 50 and 51 show close-ups of outer peripheries various cartridges.
FIG. 52 is a perspective view of an underside of a cartridge.
FIG. 53A shows a top down view of a cartridge and the punch and pusher devices.
FIG. 53B is a perspective view of one embodiment of a punch plate.
FIGS. 54A-54G show a sequence of motion for the punch plate, the cartridge, and the cartridge pusher.
FIGS. 55A-55B show cross-sections of the system according to the present invention.
FIG. 56A shows a perspective view of the system according to the present invention.
FIGS. 56B-56D are cut-away views showing mechanisms within the present invention.
FIGS. 57-65B show optional embodiments according to the present invention.
FIG. 66-68 shows a still further embodiment of a cartridge according to the present invention.
FIGS. 69A-69L show the sequence of motions associated with an optional embodiment of a cartridge according to the present invention.
FIG. 70-72 show views of a sample modules used with still further embodiments of a cartridge according to the present invention.
FIG. 73 shows a cartridge with a sterility barrier and an analyte detecting member layer.
FIG. 74-78 show still further embodiments of analyte detecting members coupled to a cartridge.
FIGS. 79-84 show optional configurations for a cartridge for use with the present invention.
FIG. 85 shows a see-through view of one embodiment of a system according to the present invention.
FIG. 86 is a schematic of an optional embodiment of a system according to the present invention.
FIGS. 87A-87B show still further embodiments of cartridges according to the present invention.
FIG. 88 shows a cartridge having an array of analyte detecting members.
FIGS. 89-90 show embodiments of illumination systems for use with the present invention.
FIGS. 91-96 show further embodiments using optical methods for analyte detection.
FIG. 97 shows a perspective view of one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 98 shows one embodiment of optics according to the present invention.
FIG. 99 shows one embodiment of pixel and storage configurations.
FIG. 100 is a graph showing fluorescence lifetime intensity.
FIGS. 101 through 104 show various embodiments of optics according to the present invention.
FIG. 105 shows one embodiment of a well with microbeads.
FIG. 106 through 107B show various configurations of wells and channels.
FIGS. 108 and 109 show configurations of penetrating members and wells.
FIG. 110 shows a still further configuration of optics according to the present invention.
FIG. 111 shows a disc-shaped cartridge with wells and attachable separators.
FIG. 112 shows a disc-shaped cartridge with a plurality of wells.
FIGS. 113-116 show methods for manufacturing cartridges with wells.
FIG. 117 shows one embodiment of the present invention using a separate cartridge for penetrating members and analyte detecting members.
DESCRIPTION OF THE SPECIFIC EMBODIMENTS
The present invention provides a multiple analyte detecting member solution for body fluid sampling. Specifically, some embodiments of the present invention provide a multiple analyte detecting member and multiple lancet solution to measuring analyte levels in the body. The invention may use a high density design. It may use lancets of smaller size, such as but not limited to diameter or length, than known lancets. The device may be used for multiple lancing events without having to remove a disposable from the device. The invention may provide improved sensing capabilities. At least some of these and other objectives described herein will be met by embodiments of the present invention.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention, as claimed. It may be noted that, as used in the specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a”, “an” and “the” include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Thus, for example, reference to “a material” may include mixtures of materials, reference to “a chamber” may include multiple chambers, and the like. References cited herein are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety, except to the extent that they conflict with teachings explicitly set forth in this specification.
In this specification and in the claims which follow, reference will be made to a number of terms which shall be defined to have the following meanings:
“Optional” or “optionally” means that the subsequently described circumstance may or may not occur, so that the description includes instances where the circumstance occurs and instances where it does not. For example, if a device optionally contains a feature for analyzing a blood sample, this means that the analysis feature may or may not be present, and, thus, the description includes structures wherein a device possesses the analysis feature and structures wherein the analysis feature is not present.
“Analyte detecting member” refers to any use, singly or in combination, of chemical test reagents and methods, electrical test circuits and methods, physical test components and methods, optical test components and methods, and biological test reagents and methods to yield information about a blood sample. Some of these methods are well known in the art and may be based on teachings of, e.g. Tietz Textbook of Clinical Chemistry, 3d Ed., Sec. V, pp. 776-78 (Burtis & Ashwood, Eds., W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, 1999); U.S. Pat. No. 5,997,817 to Chrismore et al. (Dec. 7, 1999); U.S. Pat. No. 5,059,394 to Phillips et al. (Oct. 22, 1991); U.S. Pat. No. 5,001,054 to Wagner et al. (Mar. 19, 1991); and U.S. Pat. No. 4,392,933 to Nakamura et al. (Jul. 12, 1983), the teachings of which are hereby incorporated by reference, as well as others. Analyte detecting member may include tests in the sample test chamber that test electrochemical properties of the blood, or they may include optical means for sensing optical properties of the blood (e.g. oxygen saturation level), or they may include biochemical reagents (e.g. antibodies) to sense properties (e.g. presence of antigens) of the blood. The analyte detecting member may comprise biosensing or reagent material that will react with an analyte in blood (e.g. glucose) or other body fluid so that an appropriate signal correlating with the presence of the analyte is generated and can be read by the reader apparatus. By way of example and not limitation, analyte detecting member may be “associated with”, “mounted within”, or “coupled to” a chamber or other structure when the analyte detecting member participates in the function of providing an appropriate signal about the blood sample to the reader device. Analyte detecting member may also include nanowire analyte detecting members as described herein. Analyte detecting member may use any, singly or in combination, potentiometric, coulometric, or other method useful for detection of analyte levels.
FIGS. 1-11 of the accompanying drawings illustrates one embodiment of a system 10 for piercing tissue to obtain a blood sample. The system 10 may include a replaceable cartridge 12 and an apparatus 14 for removably receiving the cartridge 12 and for manipulating components of the cartridge 12.
Referring jointly to FIGS. 1 and 2, the cartridge 12 may include a plurality of penetrating members 18. The cartridge 12 may be in the form of a circular disc and has an outer circular surface 20 and an opening forming an inner circular surface 22. A plurality of grooves 24 are formed in a planar surface 26 of the cartridge 12. Each groove 24 is elongated and extends radially out from a center point of the cartridge 12. Each groove 24 is formed through the outer circular surface 20. Although not shown, it should be understood that the grooves 24 are formed over the entire circumference of the planar surface 26. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, each groove 24 is relatively narrow closer to the center point of the cartridge 12 and slightly wider further from the center point. These grooves 24 may be molded into the cartridge 12, machined into the cartridge, forged, pressed, or formed using other methods useful in the manufacture of medical devices.
In the present embodiment, each penetrating member 18 has an elongated body 26 and a sharpened distal end 27 having a sharp tip 30. The penetrating member 18 may have a circular cross-section with a diameter in this embodiment of about 0.315 mm. All outer surfaces of the penetrating member 18 may have the same coefficient of friction. The penetrating member may be, but is not necessarily, a bare lancet. The lancet is “bare”, in the sense that no raised formations or molded parts are formed thereon that are complementarily engageable with another structure. Traditional lancets include large plastic molded parts that are used to facilitate engagement. Unfortunately, such attachments add size and cost. In the most basic sense, a bare lancet or bare penetrating member is an elongate wire having sharpened end. If it is of sufficiently small diameter, the tip may be penetrating without having to be sharpened. A bare lancet may be bent and still be considered a bare lancet. The bare lancet in one embodiment may be made of one material.
In the present embodiment, each penetrating member 18 is located in a respective one of the grooves 24. The penetrating members 18 have their sharpened distal ends 27 pointed radially out from the center point of the cartridge 12. A proximal end of each penetrating member 15 may engage in an interference fit with opposing sides of a respective groove 24 as shown in FIG. 3. Other embodiments of the cartridge 12 may not use such an interference fit. As a nonlimiting example, they may use a fracturable adhesive to releasably secure the penetrating member 18 to the cartridge 12. As shown in FIG. 4, more distal portions of the penetrating member 18 are not engaged with the opposing sides of the groove 24 due to the larger spacing between the sides.
The cartridge 12 may further include a sterilization barrier 28 attached to the upper surface 26. The sterilization barrier 28 is located over the penetrating members 18 and serves to insulate the penetrating members 18 from external contaminants. The sterilization barrier 28 is made of a material that can easily be broken when an edge of a device applies a force thereto. The sterilization barrier 28 alone or in combination with other barriers may be used to create a sterile environment about at least the tip of the penetrating member prior to lancing or actuation. The sterilization barrier 28 may be made of a variety of materials such as but not limited to metallic foil, aluminum foil, paper, polymeric material, or laminates combining any of the above. Other details of the sterilization barrier are detailed herein.
In the present embodiment, the apparatus 14 may include a housing 30, an initiator button 32, a penetrating member movement subassembly 34, a cartridge advance subassembly 36, batteries 38, a capacitor 40, a microprocessor controller 42, and switches 44. The housing 30 may have a lower portion 46 and a lid 48. The lid 48 is secured to the lower portion 46 with a hinge 50. The lower portion 46 may have a recess 52. A circular opening 54 in the lower portion 46 defines an outer boundary of the recess 52 and a level platform 56 of the lower portion 46 defines a base of the recess 52.
In use, the lid 48 of the present embodiment is pivoted into a position as shown in FIG. 1. The cartridge 12 is flipped over and positioned in the recess 52. The planar surface 26 rests against the level platform 56 and the circular opening 54 contacts the outer circular surface 20 to prevent movement of the cartridge 12 in a plane thereof. The lid 48 is then pivoted in a direction 60 and closes the cartridge 12.
Referring to the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the penetrating member movement subassembly 34 includes a lever 62, a penetrating member accelerator 64, a linear actuator 66, and a spring 68. Other suitable actuators including but not limited to rotary actuators are described in commonly assigned, copending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/127,395 filed Apr. 19, 2002. The lever 62 may be pivotably secured to the lower portion 46. The button 32 is located in an accessible position external of the lower portion 46 and is connected by a shaft 70 through the lower portion 46 to one end of the lever 62. The penetrating member accelerator 64 is mounted to an opposing end of the lever 62. A user depresses the button 32 in an upward direction 66 so that the shaft 70 pivots the end of the lever 62 to which it is connected in an upward direction. The opposing end of the lever pivots in a downward direction 66. The spring 46 is positioned between the button 32 and the base 40 and compresses when the button 32 is depressed to create a force that tends to move the button 32 down and pivot the penetrating member accelerator upward in a direction opposite to the direction 64.
Referring to FIGS. 6A and 6B in this particular embodiment, the movement of the button into the position shown in FIG. 5 also causes contact between a terminal 74 on the shaft 20 with a terminal 70 secured to the lower portion 46. Contact between the terminals 74 and 76 indicates that the button 32 has been fully depressed. With the button 32 depressed, the cartridge 12 can be rotated without interference by the penetrating member actuator 64. To this effect, the cartridge advancer subsystem 36 includes a pinion gear 80 and a stepper motor 82. The stepper motor 82 is secured to the lower portion 46. The pinion gear 80 is secured to the stepper motor 82 and is rotated by the stepper motor 82. Teeth on the pinion gear 80 engage with teeth on the inner circular surface 22 of the cartridge 12. Rotation of the pinion gear 80 causes rotation of the cartridge 12 about the center point thereof. Each time that the terminals 74 and 76 make contact, the stepper motor 82 is operated to rotate the cartridge 12 through a discrete angle equal to an angular spacing from a centerline of one of the penetrating members 18 to a centerline of an adjacent penetrating member. A select penetrating member 18 is so moved over the penetrating member accelerator 64, as shown in FIG. 6B. Subsequent depressions of the button 32 will cause rotation of subsequent adjacent penetrating members 18 into a position over the penetrating member accelerator 64.
The user then releases pressure from the button, as shown in FIG. 7A. The force created by the spring 68 or other resilient member moves the button 32 in a downward direction 76. The shaft 70 is pivotably secured to the lever 62 so that the shaft 70 moves the end of the lever 62 to which it is connected down. The opposite end of the lever 62 pivots the penetrating member accelerator 64 upward in a direction 80. As shown in FIG. 7B, an edge 82 of the penetrating member accelerator 64 breaks through a portion of the sterilization barrier 28 and comes in to physical contact with a lower side surface of the penetrating member 18.
Referring to FIG. 8A, the linear actuator 66 includes separate advancing coils 86A and retracting coils 86B, and a magnetizable slug 90 within the coils 86A and 86B. The coils 86A and 86B are secured to the lower portion of 46, and the slug 90 can move within the coils 86A and 88B. Once the penetrating member accelerator 64 is located in the position shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, electric current is provided to the advancing coils 86 only. The current in the advancing coils 86 creates a force in a direction 88 on the slug 90 according to conventional principles relating to electromagnetics.
A bearing 91 is secured to the lever and the penetrating member accelerator 64 has a slot 92 over the bearing 91. The slot 92 allows for the movement of the penetrating member accelerator 64 in the direction 88 relative to the lever 62, so that the force created on the slug moves the penetrating member accelerator 64 in the direction 88.
The spring 68 is not entirely relaxed, so that the spring 68, through the lever 62, biases the penetrating member accelerator 64 against the lower side surface of the penetrating member 18 with a force F1. The penetrating member 18 rests against a base 88 of the cartridge 12. An equal and opposing force F2 is created by the base 88 on an upper side surface of the penetrating member 18.
The edge 82 of the penetrating member accelerator 64 has a much higher coefficient of friction than the base 88 of the cartridge 12. The higher coefficient of friction of the edge contributes to a relatively high friction force F3 on the lower side surface of the penetrating member 18. The relatively low coefficient of friction of the base 88 creates a relatively small friction force F4 on the upper side surface of the penetrating member 18. A difference between the force F3 and F4 is a resultant force that accelerates the penetrating member in the direction 88 relative to the cartridge 12. The penetrating member is moved out of the interference fit illustrated in FIG. 3. The bare penetrating member 18 is moved without the need for any engagement formations on the penetrating member. Current devices, in contrast, often make use a plastic body molded onto each penetrating member to aid in manipulating the penetrating members. Movement of the penetrating member 18 moves the sharpened end thereof through an opening 90 in aside of the lower portion 46. The sharp end 30 of the penetrating member 18 is thereby moved from a retracted and safe position within the lower portion 46 into a position wherein it extends out of the opening 90. Accelerated, high-speed movement of the penetrating member is used so that the sharp tip 30 penetrates skin of a person. A blood sample can then be taken from the person, typically for diabetic analysis.
Reference is now made to FIGS. 9A and 9B. After the penetrating member is accelerated (for example, but not limitation, less than 0.25 seconds thereafter), the current to the accelerating coils 86A is turned off and the current is provided to the retracting coils 86B. The slug 90 moves in an opposite direction 92 together with the penetrating member accelerator 64. The penetrating member accelerator 64 then returns the used penetrating member into its original position, i.e., the same as shown in FIG. 7B.
Subsequent depression of the button as shown in FIG. 5 will then cause one repetition of the process described, but with an adjacent sterile penetrating member. Subsequent sterile penetrating members can so be used until all the penetrating members have been used, i.e., after one complete revolution of the cartridge 12. In this embodiment, a second revolution of the cartridge 12 is disallowed to prevent the use of penetrating members that have been used in a previous revolution and have become contaminated. The user can continue to use the apparatus 14 is by opening ‘the lid 48 as shown in FIG. 1, removing the used cartridge 12, and replacing the used cartridge with another cartridge. A detector (not shown) detects whenever a cartridge is removed and replaced with another cartridge. Such a detector may be but is not limited to an optical sensor, an electrical contact sensor, a bar code reader, or the like.
FIG. 10 illustrates the manner in which the electrical components may be functionally interconnected for the present embodiment. The battery 38 provides power to the capacitor 40 and the controller 42. The terminal 76 is connected to the controller 42 so that the controller recognizes when the button 32 is depressed. The capacitor to provide power (electric potential and current) individually through the switches (such as but not limited to field-effect transistors) to the advancing coils 86A, retracting coils 86B and the stepper motor 82. The switches 44A, B, and C are all under the control of the controller 42. A memory 100 is connected to the controller. A set of instructions is stored in the memory 100 and is readable by the controller 42. Further functioning of the controller 42 in combination with the terminal 76 and the switches 44A, B, and C should be evident from the foregoing description.
FIG. 11 illustrates a configuration for another embodiment of a cartridge having penetrating members. The cartridge 112 has a corrugated configuration and a plurality of penetrating members 118 in grooves 124 formed in opposing sides of the cartridge 112. Sterilization barriers 126 and 128 are attached over the penetrating members 118 at the top and the penetrating members 118 at the bottom, respectively. Such an arrangement provides large surfaces for attachment of the sterilization barriers 126 and 128. All the penetrating members 118 on the one side are used first, whereafter the cartridge 112 is turned over and the penetrating members 118 on the other side are used. Additional aspects of such a cartridge are also discussed in FIGS. 42-44.
Referring now to FIGS. 12-13, a friction based method of coupling with and driving bare lancets or bare penetrating members will be described in further detail. Any embodiment of the present invention disclosed herein may be adapted to use these methods. As seen in FIG. 12, surface 201 is physically in contact with penetrating member 202. Surface 203 is also physically in contact with penetrating member 202. In the present embodiment of the invention, surface 201 is stainless steel, penetrating member 202 is stainless steel, and surface 203 is polytetrafluoroethylene-coated stainless steel.
FIG. 13 illustrates one embodiment of the friction based coupling in use. Normal force 206 may be applied vertically to surface 201, pressing it against penetrating member 202. Penetrating member 202 is thereby pressed against surface 203. Normal force 206 is transmitted through surface 201 and penetrating member 202 to also act between penetrating member 202 and surface 203. Surface 203 is held rigid or stationary with respect to a target of the lancet. Using the classical static friction model, the maximum frictional force between surface 201 and penetrating member 202 is equal to the friction coefficient between surface 201 and penetrating member 202 multiplied by the normal force between surface 201 and penetrating member 202. In this embodiment, the maximum frictional force between surface 203 and penetrating member 202 is equal to the coefficient of friction between the surface 203 and the penetrating member 202 multiplied by the normal force between the surface 203 and the penetrating member 202. Because friction coefficient between surface 203 and penetrating member 202 is less than friction coefficient between surface 201 and penetrating member 202, the interface between surface 201 and penetrating member 202 can develop a higher maximum static friction force than can the interface between surface 203 and penetrating member 202.
Driving force as indicated by arrow 207 is applied to surface 201 perpendicular to normal force 206. The sum of the forces acting horizontally on surface 201 is the sum of driving force 207 and the friction force developed at the interface of surface 201 and penetrating member 202, which acts in opposition to driving force 207. Since the coefficient of friction between surface 203 and penetrating member 202 is less than the coefficient of friction between surface 201 and penetrating member 202, penetrating member 202 and surface 201 will remain stationary with respect to each other and can be considered to behave as one piece when driving force 207 just exceeds the maximum frictional force that can be supported by the interface between surface 203 and penetrating member 202. Surface 201 and penetrating member 202 can be considered one piece because the coefficient of friction between surface 201 and penetrating member 202 is high enough to prevent relative motion between the two.
In one embodiment, the coefficient of friction between surface 201 and penetrating member 202 is approximately 0.8 corresponding to the coefficient of friction between two surfaces of stainless steel, while the coefficient of friction between surface 203 and penetrating member 202 is approximately 0.04, corresponding to the coefficient of friction between a surface of stainless steel and one of polytetrafluoroethylene. Normal force 206 has a value of 202 Newtons. Using these values, the maximum frictional force that the interface between surface 201 and penetrating member 202 can support is 1.6 Newtons, while the maximum frictional force that the interface between surface 203 and penetrating member 202 can support is 0.08 Newtons. If driving force 207 exceeds 0.08 Newtons, surface 201 and penetrating member 202 will begin to accelerate together with respect to surface 203. Likewise, if driving force 207 exceeds 1.6 Newtons and penetrating member 202 encounters a rigid barrier, surface 201 would move relative to penetrating member 202.
Another condition, for example, for surface 201 to move relative to penetrating member 202 would be in the case of extreme acceleration. In an embodiment, penetrating member 202 has a mass of 8.24×10-6 kg. An acceleration of 194,174 m/s2 of penetrating member 202 would therefore be required to exceed the frictional force between penetrating member 202 and surface 201, corresponding to approximately 19,800 g's. Without being bound to any particular embodiment or theory of operation, other methods of applying friction base coupling may also be used. For example, the penetrating member 202 may be engaged by a coupler using a interference fit to create the frictional engagement with the member.
FIG. 14 illustrates a polytetrafluoroethylene coating on stainless steel surface 203 in detail. It should be understood that the surface 203 may be coated with other materials such as but not limited to Telfon®, silicon, polymer or glass. The coating may cover all of the penetrating member, only the proximal portions, only the distal portions, only the tip, only some other portion, or some combination of some or all of the above. FIG. 15 illustrates a doping of lead applied to surface 201, which conforms to penetrating member 202 microscopically when pressed against it. Both of these embodiments and other coated embodiments of a penetrating member may be used with the actuation methods described herein.
The shapes and configurations of surface 201 and surface 102 could be some form other than shown in FIGS. 12-15. For example, surface 201 could be the surface of a wheel, which when rotated causes penetrating member 202 to advance or retract relative to surface 203. Surface 201 could be coated with another conformable material besides lead, such as but not limited to a plastic. It could also be coated with particles, such as but not limited to diamond dust, or given a surface texture to enhance the friction coefficient of surface 201 with penetrating member 202. Surface 202 could be made of or coated with diamond, fluorinated ethylene propylene, perfluoroalkoxy, a copolymer of ethylene and tetrafluoroethylene, a copolymer of ethylene and chlorotrifluoroethylene, or any other material with a coefficient of friction with penetrating member 202 lower than that of the material used for surface 201.
Referring to FIG. 16, a portion of a base plate 210 of an embodiment of a penetrating member cartridge is shown with a plurality of penetrating member slots 212 disposed in a radial direction cut into a top surface 214 of the base plate. A drive member 216 is shown with a distal edge 218 disposed within one of the penetrating member slots 212 of the base plate 210. The distal edge 218 of the drive member 216 is configured to slide within the penetrating member slots 212 with a minimum of friction but with a close fit to minimize lateral movement during a lancing cycle.
FIG. 17 shows a distal portion 220 of a coated penetrating member 222 in partial longitudinal section. The coated penetrating member 222 has a core portion 224, a coating 226 and a tapered distal end portion 228. A portion of a coated drive member 230 is shown having a coating 234 with penetrating member contact surface 236. The penetrating member contact surface 236 forms an interface 238 with an outer surface 240 of the coated penetrating member 222. The interface 238 has a characteristic friction coefficient that will depend in part on the choice of materials for the penetrating member coating 226 and the drive member coating 234. If silver is used as the penetrating member and drive member coating 226 and 236, this yields a friction coefficient of about 1.3 to about 1.5. Other materials can be used for coatings 226 and 236 to achieve the desired friction coefficient. For example, gold, platinum, stainless steel and other materials may be used for coatings 226 and 236. It may be desirable to use combinations of different materials for coatings 226 and 236. For example, an embodiment may include silver for a penetrating member coating 226 and gold for a drive member coating. Some embodiments of the interface 238 can have friction coefficients of about 1.15 to about 5.0, specifically, about 1.3 to about 2.0.
Embodiments of the penetrating member 222 can have an outer transverse dimension or diameter of about 200 to about 400 microns, specifically, about 275 to about 325 microns. Embodiments of penetrating member 222 can have a length of about 10 to about 30 millimeters, specifically, about 15 to about 25 millimeters. Penetrating member 222 can be made from any suitable high strength alloy such as but not limited to stainless steel or the like.
FIG. 18 is a perspective view of a lancing device 242 having features of the invention. A penetrating member cartridge 244 is disposed about a driver 246 that is coupled to a drive member 248 by a coupler rod 250. The penetrating member cartridge 244 has a plurality of penetrating member slots 252 disposed in a radial configuration in a top surface 254 a base plate 256 of the penetrating member cartridge 244. The distal ends 253 of the penetrating member slots 252 are disposed at an outer surface 260 of the base plate 256. A fracturable sterility barrier 258, shown partially cut away, is disposed on the top surface 254 of base plate 256 over the plurality of penetrating member slots 252. The sterility barrier 258 is also disposed over the outer surface 260 of the base plate 256 in order to seal the penetrating member slots from contamination prior to a lancing cycle. A distal portion of a penetrating member 262 is shown extending radially from the penetrating member cartridge 244 in the direction of a patient's finger 264.
FIG. 19 illustrates a portion of the base plate 256 used with the lancing device 242 in more detail and without sterility barrier 258 in place (for ease of illustration). The base plate 256 includes a plurality of penetrating member slots 252 which are in radial alignment with corresponding drive member slots 266. The drive member slots 266 have an optional tapered input configuration that may facilitate alignment of the drive member 248 during downward movement into the drive member slot 266 and penetrating member slot 252. Penetrating member slots 252 are sized and configured to accept a penetrating member 262 disposed therein and allow axial movement of the penetrating member 262 within the penetrating member slots 252 without substantial lateral movement.
Referring again to FIG. 18, in use, the present embodiment of penetrating member cartridge 242 is placed in an operational configuration with the driver 246. A lancing cycle is initiated and the drive member 248 is brought down through the sterility barrier 258 and into a penetrating member slot 252. A penetrating member contact surface of the drive member then makes contact with an outside surface of the penetrating member 262 and is driven distally toward the patient's finger 264 as described above with regard to the embodiment discussed in FIG. 20. The friction coefficient between the penetrating member contact surface of the drive member 248 and the penetrating member 262 is greater than the friction coefficient between the penetrating member 262 and an interior surface of the penetrating member slots 252. As such, the drive member 248 is able to drive the penetrating member 262 distally through the sterility barrier 258 and into the patient's finger 264 without any relative movement or substantial relative movement between the drive member 248 and the penetrating member 262.
Referring to FIGS. 20-22, a lancing cycle sequence is shown for a lancing device 242 with another embodiment of a penetrating member cartridge 244 as shown in FIGS. 23 and 24. The base plate 256 of the penetrating member cartridge 242 shown in FIGS. 23 and 24 has a plurality of penetrating member slots 252 with top openings 268 that do not extend radially to the outer surface 260 of the base plate 256. In this way, the penetrating member slots 252 can be sealed with a first sterility barrier 270 disposed on the top surface 254 of the base plate 256 and a second sterility barrier 272 disposed on the outer surface 260 of the base plate 256. Penetrating member outlet ports 274 are disposed at the distal ends of the penetrating member slots 252.
Referring again to FIG. 20, the penetrating member 262 is shown in the proximally retracted starting position within the penetrating member slot 252. The outer surface of the penetrating member 276 is in contact with the penetrating member contact surface 278 of the drive member 248. The friction coefficient between the penetrating member contact surface 278 of the drive member 248 and the outer surface 276 of the penetrating member 262 is greater than the friction coefficient between the penetrating member 262 and an interior surface 280 of the penetrating member slots 252. A distal drive force as indicated by arrow 282 in FIG. 10 is then applied via the drive coupler 250 to the drive member 248 and the penetrating member is driven out of the penetrating member outlet port 274 and into the patient's finger 264. A proximal retraction force, as indicated by arrow 284 in FIG. 22, is then applied to the drive member 248 and the penetrating member 262 is withdrawn from the patient's finger 264 and back into the penetrating member slot 252.
FIGS. 25 and 26 illustrate an embodiment of a multiple layer sterility barrier 258 in the process of being penetrated by a penetrating member 62. It should be understood that this barrier 258 may be adapted for use with any embodiment of the present invention. The sterility barrier 258 shown in FIGS. 25 and 26 is a two layer sterility barrier 258 that facilitates maintaining sterility of the penetrating member 262 as it passes through and exits the sterility barrier 258. In FIG. 25, the distal end 286 of the penetrating member 262 is applying an axial force in a distal direction against an inside surface 288 of a first layer 290 of the sterility barrier 258, so as to deform the first layer 290 of the sterility barrier 258. The deformation 291 of the first layer 290 in turn applies a distorting force to the second layer 292 of the sterility barrier 258. The second layer of the sterility barrier is configured to have a lower tensile strength that the first layer 290. As such, the second layer 292 fails prior to the first layer 290 due to the strain imposed on the first layer 290 by the distal end 286 of the penetrating member 262, as shown in FIG. 26. After the second layer 292 fails, it then retracts from the deformed portion 291 of the first layer 290 as shown by arrows 294 in FIG. 26. As long as the inside surface 288 and outside surface 296 of the first layer 290 are sterile prior to failure of the second layer 292, the penetrating member 262 will remain sterile as it passes through the first layer 290 once the first layer eventually fails. Such a multiple layer sterility barrier 258 can be used for any of the embodiments discussed herein. The multiple layer sterility barrier 258 can also include three or more layers.
Referring to FIGS. 27 and 28, an embodiment of a drive member 300 coupled to a driver 302 wherein the drive member 300 includes a cutting member 304 having a sharpened edge 306 which is configured to cut through a sterility barrier 258 of a penetrating member slot 252 during a lancing cycle in order for the drive member 300 to make contact with a penetrating member. An optional lock pin 308 on the cutting member 304 can be configured to engage the top surface 310 of the base plate in order to prevent distal movement of the cutting member 304 with the drive member 300 during a lancing cycle.
FIGS. 29 and 30 illustrate an embodiment of a penetrating member slot 316 in longitudinal section having a ramped portion 318 disposed at a distal end 320 of the penetrating member slot. A drive member 322 is shown partially disposed within the penetrating member slot 316. The drive member 322 has a cutting edge 324 at a distal end 326 thereof for cutting through a sterility barrier 328 during a lancing cycle. FIG. 30 illustrates the cutting edge 324 cutting through the sterility barrier 328 during a lancing cycle with the cut sterility barrier 328 peeling away from the cutting edge 324.
FIGS. 31-34 illustrate drive member slots in a base plate 330 of a penetrating member cartridge wherein at least a portion of the drive member slots have a tapered opening which is larger in transverse dimension at a top surface of the base plate than at the bottom of the drive member slot. FIG. 31 illustrates a base plate 330 with a penetrating member slot 332 that is tapered at the input 334 at the top surface 336 of the base plate 330 along the entire length of the penetrating member slot 332. In such a configuration, the penetrating member slot and drive member slot (not shown) would be in communication and continuous along the entire length of the slot 332. As an optional alternative, a base plate 338 as shown in FIGS. 32 and 33 can have a drive member slot 340 that is axially separated from the corresponding penetrating member slot 342. With this configuration, the drive member slot 340 can have a tapered configuration and the penetrating member slot 342 can have a straight walled configuration. In addition, this configuration can be used for corrugated embodiments of base plates 346 as shown in FIG. 34. In FIG. 34, a drive member 348 is disposed within a drive member slot 350. A penetrating member contact surface 352 is disposed on the drive member 348. The contact surface 352 has a tapered configuration that will facilitate lateral alignment of the drive member 348 with the drive member slot 350.
FIGS. 35-37 illustrate an embodiment of a penetrating member cartridge 360 and drive member 362 wherein the drive member 362 has contoured jaws 364 configured to grip a penetrating member shaft 366. In FIG. 35, the drive member 362 and penetrating member shaft 366 are shown in transverse cross section with the contoured jaws 364 disposed about the penetrating member shaft 366. A pivot point 368 is disposed between the contoured jaws 364 and a tapered compression slot 370 in the drive member 362. A compression wedge 372 is shown disposed within the tapered compression slot 370. Insertion of the compression wedge 372 into the compression slot 370 as indicated by arrow 374, forces the contoured jaws 364 to close about and grip the penetrating member shaft 366 as indicated by arrows 376.
FIG. 36 shows the drive member 362 in position about a penetrating member shaft 366 in a penetrating member slot 378 in the penetrating member cartridge 360. The drive member can be actuated by the methods discussed above with regard to other drive member and driver embodiments. FIG. 37 is an elevational view in longitudinal section of the penetrating member shaft 166 disposed within the penetrating member slot 378. The arrows 380 and 382 indicate in a general way, the path followed by the drive member 362 during a lancing cycle. During a lancing cycle, the drive member comes down into the penetrating member slot 378 as indicated by arrow 380 through an optional sterility barrier (not shown). The contoured jaws of the drive member then clamp about the penetrating member shaft 366 and move forward in a distal direction so as to drive the penetrating member into the skin of a patient as indicated by arrow 382.
FIGS. 38 and 39 show a portion of a lancing device 390 having a lid 392 that can be opened to expose a penetrating member cartridge cavity 394 for removal of a used penetrating member cartridge 396 and insertion of a new penetrating member cartridge 398. Depression of button 400 in the direction indicated by arrow 402 raises the drive member 404 from the surface of the penetrating member cartridge 396 by virtue of lever action about pivot point 406. Raising the lid 392 actuates the lever arm 408 in the direction indicated by arrow 410 which in turn applies a tensile force to cable 412 in the direction indicated by arrow 414. This action pulls the drive member back away from the penetrating member cartridge 396 so that the penetrating member cartridge 396 can be removed from the lancing device 390. A new penetrating member cartridge 398 can then be inserted into the lancing device 390 and the steps above reversed in order to position the drive member 404 above the penetrating member cartridge 398 in an operational position.
FIGS. 40 and 41 illustrate a penetrating member cartridge 420 that has penetrating member slots 422 on a top side 424 and a bottom side 426 of the penetrating member cartridge 420. This allows for a penetrating member cartridge 420 of a diameter D to store for use twice the number of penetrating members as a one sided penetrating member cartridge of the same diameter D.
FIGS. 42-44 illustrate end and perspective views of a penetrating member cartridge 430 having a plurality of penetrating member slots 432 formed from a corrugated surface 434 of the penetrating member cartridge 430. Penetrating members 436 are disposed on both sides of the penetrating member cartridge 430. A sterility barrier 438 is shown disposed over the penetrating member slots 432 in FIG. 44.
FIGS. 45-48 illustrate embodiments of a penetrating member 440 and drive member 442 wherein the penetrating member 440 has a transverse slot 444 in the penetrating member shaft 446 and the drive member 442 has a protuberance 448 configured to mate with the transverse slot 444 in the penetrating member shaft 446. FIG. 45 shows a protuberance 448 having a tapered configuration that matches a tapered configuration of the transverse slot 444 in the penetrating member shaft 446. FIG. 46 illustrates an optional alternative embodiment wherein the protuberance 448 has straight walled sides that are configured to match the straight walled sides of the transverse slot 444 shown in FIG. 46. FIG. 47 shows a tapered protuberance 448 that is configured to leave an end gap 450 between an end of the protuberance 448 and a bottom of the transverse slot in the penetrating member shaft 446.
FIG. 48 illustrates a mechanism 452 to lock the drive member 442 to the penetrating member shaft 446 that has a lever arm 454 with an optional bearing 456 on the first end 458 thereof disposed within a guide slot 459 of the drive member 442. The lever arm 454 has a pivot point 460 disposed between the first end 458 of the lever arm 454 and the second end 462 of the lever arm 454. A biasing force is disposed on the second end 462 of the lever arm 454 by a spring member 464 that is disposed between the second end 462 of the lever arm 454 and a base plate 466. The biasing force in the direction indicated by arrow 468 forces the penetrating member contact surface 470 of the drive member 442 against the outside surface of the penetrating member 446 and, in addition, forces the protuberance 448 of the drive member 442 into the transverse slot 444 of the penetrating member shaft 446.
Referring now to FIG. 49, another embodiment of a replaceable cartridge 500 suitable for housing a plurality of individually moveable penetrating members (not shown) will be described in further detail. Although cartridge 500 is shown with a chamfered outer periphery, it should also be understood that less chamfered and unchamfered embodiments of the cartridge 500 may also be adapted for use with any embodiment of the present invention disclosed herein. The penetrating members slidably coupled to the cartridge may be a bare lancet or bare elongate member without outer molded part or body pieces as seen in conventional lancet. The bare design reduces cost and simplifies manufacturing of penetrating members for use with the present invention. The penetrating members may be retractable and held within the cartridge so that they are not able to be used again. The cartridge is replaceable with a new cartridge once all the piercing members have been used. The lancets or penetrating members may be fully contained in the used cartridge so at to minimize the chance of patient contact with such waste.
As can be seen in FIG. 49, the cartridge 500 may include a plurality of cavities 501 for housing a penetrating member. In this embodiment, the cavity 501 may have a longitudinal opening 502 associated with the cavity. The cavity 501 may also have a lateral opening 503 allowing the penetrating member to exit radially outward from the cartridge. As seen in FIG. 49, the outer radial portion of the cavity may be narrowed. The upper portion of this narrowed area may also be sealed or swaged to close the top portion 505 and define an enclosed opening 506 as shown in FIG. 50. Optionally, the narrowed area 504 may retain an open top configuration, though in some embodiments, the foil over the gap is unbroken, preventing the penetrating member from lifting up or extending upward out of the cartridge. The narrowed portion 504 may act as a bearing and/or guide for the penetrating member. FIG. 51 shows that the opening 506 may have a variety of shapes such as but not limited to, circular, rectangular, triangular, hexagonal, square, or combinations of any or all of the previous shapes. Openings 507 (shown in phantom) for other microfluidics, capillary tubes, or the like may also be incorporated in the immediate vicinity of the opening 506. In some optional embodiments, such openings 507 may be configured to surround the opening 506 in a concentric or other manner.
Referring now to FIG. 52, the underside of a cartridge 500 will be described in further detail. This figures shows many features on one cartridge 500. It should be understood that a cartridge may include some, none, or all of these features, but they are shown in FIG. 52 for ease of illustration. The underside may include indentations or holes 510 close to the inner periphery for purpose of properly positioning the cartridge to engage a penetrating member gripper and/or to allow an advancing device (shown in FIGS. 56B and 56C) to rotate the cartridge 500. Indentations or holes 511 may be formed along various locations on the underside of cartridge 500 and may assume various shapes such as but not limited to, circular, rectangular, triangular, hexagonal, square, or combinations of any or all of the previous shapes. Notches 512 may also be formed along the inner surface of the cartridge 500 to assist in alignment and/or rotation of the cartridge. It should be understood of course that some of these features may also be placed on the topside of the cartridge in areas not occupied by cavities 501 that house the penetrating members. Notches 513 may also be incorporated along the outer periphery of the cartridge. These notches 513 may be used to gather excess material from the sterility barrier 28 (not shown) that may be used to cover the angled portion 514 of the cartridge. In the present embodiment, the cartridge has a flat top surface and an angled surface around the outside. Welding a foil type sterility barrier over that angled surface, the foil folds because of the change in the surfaces which is now at 45 degrees. This creates excess material. The grooves or notches 513 are there as a location for that excess material. Placing the foil down into those grooves 513 which may tightly stretch the material across the 45 degree angled surface. Although in this embodiment the surface is shown to be at 45 degrees, it should be understood that other angles may also be used. For example, the surface may be at any angle between about 3 degrees to 90 degrees, relative to horizontal. In some embodiments, the surface may be squared off. The surface may be unchamfered. The surface may also be a curved surface or it may be combinations of a variety of angled surfaces, curved and straights surfaces, or any combination of some or all of the above.
Referring now to FIGS. 53-54, the sequence in which the cartridge 500 is indexed and penetrating members are actuated will now be described. It should be understood that some steps described herein may be combined or taken out of order without departing from the spirit of the invention. These sequence of steps provides vertical and horizontal movement used with the present embodiment to load a penetrating member onto the driver.
As previously discussed, each cavity on the cartridge may be individually sealed with a foil cover or other sterile enclosure material to maintain sterility until or just before the time of use. In the present embodiment, penetrating members are released from their sterile environments just prior to actuation and are loaded onto a launcher mechanism for use. Releasing the penetrating member from the sterile environment prior to launch allows the penetrating member in the present embodiment to be actuated without having to pierce any sterile enclosure material which may dull the tip of the penetrating member or place contaminants on the member as it travels towards a target tissue. A variety of methods may be used accomplish this goal.
FIG. 53A shows one embodiment of penetrating member release device, which in this embodiment is a punch plate 520 that is shown in a see-through depiction for ease of illustration. The punch plate 520 may include a first portion 521 for piercing sterile material covering the longitudinal opening 502 and a second portion 522 for piercing material covering the lateral opening 503. A slot 523 allows the penetrating member gripper to pass through the punch plate 520 and engage a penetrating member housed in the cartridge 500. The second portion 522 of the punch plate down to engage sterility barrier angled at about a 45 degree slope. Of course, the slope of the barrier may be varied. The punch portion 522 first contacts the rear of the front pocket sterility barrier and as it goes down, the cracks runs down each side and the barrier is pressed down to the bottom of the front cavity. The rear edge of the barrier first contacted by the punch portion 522 is broken off and the barrier is pressed down, substantially cleared out of the way. These features may be more clearly seen in FIG. 53B. The punch portion 521 may include a blade portion down the centerline. As the punch comes down, that blade may be aligned with the center of the cavity, cutting the sterility barrier into two pieces. The wider part of the punch 521 then pushes down on the barrier so the they align parallel to the sides of the cavity. This creates a complete and clear path for the gripper throughout the longitudinal opening of the cavity. Additionally, as seen in FIG. 53B and 54A, a plurality of protrusion 524 are positioned to engage a cam (FIG. 55A) which sequences the punching and other vertical movement of punch plate 520 and cartridge pusher 525. The drive shaft 526 from a force generator (not shown) which is used to actuate the penetrating member 527.
Referring now to FIGS. 54A-F, the release and loading of the penetrating members are achieved in the following sequence. FIG. 54A shows the release and loading mechanism in rest state with a dirty bare penetrating member 527 held in a penetrating member gripper 530. This is the condition of the device between lancing events. When the time comes for the patient to initiate another lancing event, the used penetrating member is cleared and a new penetrating member is loaded, just prior to the actual lancing event. The patient begins the loading of a new penetrating member by operating a setting lever or slider to initiate the process. The setting lever may operate mechanically to rotate a cam (see FIG. 55A) that moves the punch plate 520 and cartridge pusher 525. A variety of mechanisms can be used to link the slider to cause rotation of the cartridge. In other embodiments, a stepper motor or other mover such as but not limited to, a pneumatic actuator, hydraulic actuator, or the like are used to drive the loading sequence.
FIG. 54B shows one embodiment of penetrating member gripper 530 in more detail. The penetrating member gripper 530 may be in the form of a tuning fork with sharp edges along the inside of the legs contacting the penetrating member. In some embodiments, the penetrating member may be notched, recessed, or otherwise shaped to receive the penetrating member gripper. As the gripper 530 is pushed down on the penetrating member, the legs are spread open elastically to create a frictional grip with the penetrating member such as but not limited to bare elongate wires without attachments molded or otherwise attached thereon. In some embodiments, the penetrating member is made of a homogenous material without any additional attachments that are molded, adhered, glued or otherwise added onto the penetrating member.
In some embodiments, the gripper 530 may cut into the sides of the penetrating member. The penetrating member in one embodiment may be about 300 microns wide. The grooves that form in the side of the penetrating member by the knife edges are on the order of about 5-10 microns deep and are quite small. In this particular embodiment, the knife edges allow the apparatus to use a small insertion force to get the gripper onto the penetrating member, compared to the force to remove the penetrating member from the gripper the longitudinal axis of an elongate penetrating member. Thus, the risk of a penetrating member being detached during actuation are reduced. The gripper 530 may be made of a variety of materials such as, but not limited to high strength carbon steel that is heat treated to increased hardness, ceramic, substrates with diamond coating, composite reinforced plastic, elastomer, polymer, and sintered metals. Additionally, the steel may be surface treated. The gripper 130 may have high gripping force with low friction drag on solenoid or other driver.
As seen in FIG. 54C, the sequence begins with punch plate 520 being pushed down. This results in the opening of the next sterile cavity 532. In some embodiment, this movement of punch plate 520 may also result in the crimping of the dirty penetrating member to prevent it from being used again. This crimping may result from a protrusion on the punch plate bending the penetrating member or pushing the penetrating member into a groove in the cartridge that hold the penetrating member in place through an interference fit. As seen in FIGS. 53B and 54C, the punch plate 520 has a protrusion or punch shaped to penetrate a longitudinal opening 502 and a lateral opening 503 on the cartridge. The first portion 521 of the punch that opens cavity 532 is shaped to first pierce the sterility barrier and then push, compresses, or otherwise moves sterile enclosure material towards the sides of the longitudinal opening 502. The second portion 522 of the punch pushes down the sterility barrier at lateral opening or penetrating member exit 503 such that the penetrating member does not pierce any materials when it is actuated toward a tissue site.
Referring now to FIG. 54D, the cartridge pusher 525 is engaged by the cam 550 (not shown) and begins to push down on the cartridge 500. The punch plate 520 may also travel downward with the cartridge 500 until it is pushed down to it maximum downward position, while the penetrating member gripper 530 remains vertically stationary. This joint downward motion away from the penetrating member gripper 530 will remove the penetrating member from the gripper. The punch plate 520 essentially pushes against the penetrating member with protrusion 534 (FIG. 55A), holding the penetrating member with the cartridge, while the cartridge 500 and the punch plate 520 is lowered away from the penetrating member gripper 530 which in this embodiment remains vertically stationary. This causes the stripping of the used penetrating member from the gripper 530 (FIG. 45D) as the cartridge moves relative to the gripper.
At this point as seen in FIG. 54E, the punch plate 520 retracts upward and the cartridge 500 is pushed fully down, clear of the gripper 530. Now cleared of obstructions and in a rotatable position, the cartridge 500 increments one pocket or cavity in the direction that brings the newly released, sterile penetrating member in cavity 532 into alignment with the penetrating member gripper 530, as see in FIG. 54F. The rotation of the cartridge occurs due to fingers engaging the holes or indentations 533 on the cartridge, as seen in FIG. 54A. In some embodiments, these indentations 533 do not pass completely through cartridge 500. In other embodiments, these indentations are holes passing completely through. The cartridge has a plurality of little indentations 533 on the top surface near the center of the cartridge, along the inside diameter. In the one embodiment, the sterility barrier is cut short so as not to cover these plurality of indentations 533. It should be understood of course that these holes may be located on bottom, side or other accessible surface. These indentations 533 have two purposes. The apparatus may have one or a plurality of locator pins, static pins, or other keying feature that dos not move. In this embodiment, the cartridge will only set down into positions where the gripper 530 is gripping the penetrating member. To index the cassette, the cartridge is lifted off those pins or other keyed feature, rotated around, and dropped onto those pins for the next position. The rotating device is through the use of two fingers: one is a static pawl and the other one is a sliding finger. They engage with the holes 533. The fingers are driven by a slider that may be automatically actuated or actuated by the user. This maybe occur mechanically or through electric or other powered devices. Halfway through the stroke, a finger may engage and rotate around the cartridge. A more complete description can be found with text associated with FIGS. 56B-56C.
Referring now to FIG. 54G, with the sterile penetrating member in alignment, the cartridge 500 is released as indicated by arrows 540 and brought back into contact with the penetrating member gripper 530. The new penetrating member 541 is inserted into the gripper 530, and the apparatus is ready to fire once again. After launch and in between lancing events for the present embodiment, the bare lancet or penetrating member 541 is held in place by gripper 530, preventing the penetrating member from accidentally protruding or sliding out of the cartridge 500.
It should be understood of course, that variations can be added to the above embodiment without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, the penetrating member 541 may be placed in a parked position in the cartridge 500 prior to launch. As seen in FIG. 55A, the penetrating member may be held by a narrowed portion 542 of the cartridge, creating an interference fit which pinches the proximal end of the penetrating member. Friction from the molding or cartridge holds the penetrating member during rest, preventing the penetrating member from sliding back and forth. Of course, other methods of holding the penetrating member may also be used. As seen in FIG. 55B prior to launch, the penetrating member gripper 530 may pull the penetrating member 541 out of the portion 542. The penetrating member 541 may remain in this portion until actuated by the solenoid or other force generator coupled to the penetrating member gripper. A cam surface 544 may be used to pull the penetrating member out of the portion 542. This mechanical cam surface may be coupled to the mechanical slider driven by the patient, which may be considered a separate force generator. Thus, energy from the patient extracts the penetrating member and this reduces the drain on the device's battery if the solenoid or electric driver were to pull out the penetrating member. The penetrating member may be moved forward a small distance (on the order of about 1 mm or less) from its parked position to pull the penetrating member from the rest position gripper. After penetrating tissue, the penetrating member may be returned to the cartridge and eventually placed into the parked position. This may also occur, though not necessarily, through force provided by the patient. In one embodiment, the placing of the lancet into the parked position does not occur until the process for loading a new penetrating member is initiated by the patient. In other embodiments, the pulling out of the parked position occurs in the same motion as the penetrating member actuation. The return into the parked position may also be considered a continuous motion.
FIG. 55A also shows one embodiment of the cam and other surfaces used to coordinate the motion of the punch plate 520. For example, cam 550 in this embodiment is circular and engages the protrusions 524 on the punch plate 520 and the cartridge pusher 525. FIG. 55A also more clearly shows protrusion 534 which helps to hold the penetrating member in the cartridge 500 while the penetrating member gripper 530 pulls away from the member, relatively speaking. A ratchet surface 552 that rotates with the cam 550 may be used to prevent the cam from rotating backwards. The raising and lower of cartridge 500 and punch plate 50 used to load/unload penetrating members may be mechanically actuated by a variety of cam surfaces, springs, or the like as may be determined by one skilled in the art. Some embodiments may also use electrical or magnetic device to perform the loading, unloading, and release of bare penetrating members. Although the punch plate 520 is shown to be punching downward to displace, remove, or move the foil or other sterile environment enclosure, it should be understood that other methods such as but not limited to stripping, pulling, tearing, or some combination of one or more of these methods may be used to remove the foil or sterile enclosure. For example, in other embodiments, the punch plate 520 may be located on an underside of the cartridge and punch upward. In other embodiments, the cartridge may remain vertically stationary while other parts such as but not limited to the penetrating member gripper and punch plate move to load a sterile penetrating member on to the penetrating member gripper.
FIG. 55B also shows other features that may be included in the present apparatus. A fire button 560 may be included for the user to actuate the penetrating member. A front end interface 561 may be included to allow a patient to seat their finger or other target tissue for lancing. The interface 561 may be removable to be cleaned or replaced. A visual display 562 may be included to show device status, lancing performance, error reports, or the like to the patient.
Referring now to FIG. 56A, a mechanical slider 564 used by the patient to load new penetrating member may also be incorporated on the housing. The slider 564 may also be coupled to activate an LCD or visual display on the lancing apparatus. In addition to providing a source of energy to index the cartridge, the slider 564 may also switch the electronics to start the display. The user may use the display to select the depth of lancing or other feature. The display may go back to sleep again until it is activated again by motion of the slider 564. The underside the housing 566 may also be hinged or otherwise removable to allow the insertion of cartridge 500 into the device. The cartridge 500 may be inserted using technology current used for insertion of a compact disc or other disc into a compact disc player. In one embodiment, there may be a tray which is deployed outward to receive or to remove a cartridge. The tray may be withdrawn into the apparatus where it may be elevated, lowered, or otherwise transported into position for use with the penetrating member driver. In other embodiments, the apparatus may have a slot into which the cartridge is partially inserted at which point a mechanical apparatus will assist in completing insertion of the cartridge and load the cartridge into proper position inside the apparatus. Such device is akin to the type of compact disc player found on automobiles. The insertions/ejection and loading apparatus of these compact disc players uses gears, pulleys, cables, trays, and/or other parts that may be adapted for use with the present invention.
Referring now to FIG. 56B, a more detailed view of one embodiment of the slider 564 is provided. In this embodiment, the slider 564 will move initially as indicated by arrow 567. To complete the cycle, the patient will return the slider to its home position or original starting position as indicated by arrow 568. The slider 564 has an arm 569 which moves with the slider to rotate the cam 550 and engage portions 522. The motion of the slider 564 is also mechanically coupled to a finger 570 which engage the indentations 571 on cartridge 500. The finger 570 is synchronized to rotate the cartridge 500 by pulling as indicated by arrow 572 in the same plane as the cartridge. It should be understood that in some embodiments, the finger 570 pushes instead of pulls to rotate the cartridge in the correct direction. The finger 570 may also be adapted to engage ratchet surfaces 706 as seen in FIG. 66 to rotate a cartridge. The finger 570 may also incorporate vertical motion to coordinate with the rising and lowering of the cartridge 500. The motion of finger 570 may also be powered by electric actuators such as but not limited to a stepper motor or other device useful for achieving motion. FIG. 56B also shows a portion of the encoder 573 used in position sensing.
Referring now to FIG. 56C, a still further view of the slider 564 and arm 569 is shown. The arm 569 moves to engage portion 522 as indicated by arrow 575 and this causes the cam 550 to rotate as indicated by arrow 577. In this particular embodiment, the cam 550 rotates about ⅛ of an rotation with each pull of the slider 564. When the slider 564 is return to its home or start position, the arm 569 rides over the portion 522. The movement of the slider also allows the cam surface 544 to rotate about pivot point 579. A resilient member 580 may be coupled to the cam surface 544 to cause it to rotate counterclockwise when the arm 569 moves in the direction of arrow 567. The pin 580 will remain in contact with the arm 569. As the cam surface 544 rotates a first surface 582 will contact the pin 583 on the gripper block 584 and pull the pin 583 back to park a penetrating member into a coupling or narrowed portion 542 of the cartridge 500 as seen in FIG. 55A. As the arm 569 is brought back to the home position, the cam surface 544 rotates back and a second surface 586 that rotates clockwise and pushes the penetrating member forward to be released from the narrowed portion 542 resulting in a position as seen in FIG. 55B. It should be understood that in some embodiments, the release and/or parking of lancet from portion 542 may be powered by the driver 588 without using the mechanical assistance from cam surface 544.
In another embodiment of the cartridge device, a mechanical feature may be included on the cartridge so that there is only one way to load it into the apparatus. As a nonlimiting example, in one embodiment holding 50 penetrating members, the cartridge may have 51 pockets or cavities. The 51st pocket will go into the firing position when the device is loaded, thus providing a location for the gripper to rest in the cartridge without releasing a penetrating member from a sterile environment. The gripper 530 in that zeroth position is inside the pocket or cavity and that is the reason why one of the pockets may be empty. Of course, some embodiments may have the gripper 530 positioned to grip a penetrating member as the cartridge 500 is loaded into the device, with the patient lancing themselves soon afterwards so that the penetrating member is not contaminated due to prolonged exposure outside the sterile enclosure. That zeroth position may be the start and finish position. The cartridge may also be notched to engaged a protrusion on the apparatus, thus also providing a method for allowing the penetrating member to loaded or unloaded only in one orientation. Essentially, the cartridge 500 may be keyed or slotted in association with the apparatus so that the cartridge 500 can only be inserted or removed at one orientation. For example as seen in FIG. 56D, the cartridge 592 may have a keyed slot 593 that matches the outline of a protrusion 594 such that the cartridge 592 may only be removed upon alignment of the slot 593 and protrusion 594 upon at the start or end positions. It should be understood that other keyed technology may be used and the slot or key may be located on an outer periphery or other location on the cartridge 592 in manner useful for allowing insertion or removal of the cartridge from only one or a select number of orientations.
Referring now to FIG. 57, a cross-section of another embodiment of a cavity 600 housing a penetrating member is shown. The cavity 600 may include a depression 602 for allowing the gripper 530 to penetrate sufficiently deeply into the cavity to frictionally engage the penetrating member 541. The penetrating member may also be housed in a groove 604 that holds the penetrating member in place prior to and after actuation. The penetrating member 541 is lifted upward to clear the groove 604 during actuation and exits through opening 506.
Referring now to FIG. 58, another variation on the system according to the present invention will now be described. FIG. 58 shows a lancing system 610 wherein the penetrating members have their sharpened tip pointed radially inward. The finger or other tissue of the patient is inserted through the center hole 611 to be pierced by the member 612. The penetrating member gripper 530 coupled to drive force generator 613 operate in substantially the same manner as described in FIGS. 54A-G. The punch portions 521 and 522 operate in substantially the same manner to release the penetrating members from the sterile enclosures. The punch portion 522 may be placed on the inner periphery of the device, where the penetrating member exit is now located, so that sterile enclosure material is cleared out of the path of the penetrating member exit.
Referring now to FIG. 59, a still further variation on the lancing system according to the present invention will now be described. In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 53-54, the penetrating member gripper 530 approaches the penetrating member from above and at least a portion of the drive system is located in a different plane from that of the cartridge 500. FIG. 59 shows an embodiment where the penetrating member driver 620 is in substantially the same plane as the penetrating member 622. The coupler 624 engages a bent or L shaped portion 626 of the member 622. The cartridge 628 can rotate to engage a new penetrating member with the coupler 624 without having to move the cartridge or coupler vertically. The next penetrating member rotates into position in the slot provided by the coupler 624. A narrowed portion of the cartridge acts as a penetrating member guide 630 near the distal end of the penetrating member to align the penetrating member as it exits the cartridge.
The coupler 624 may come in a variety of configurations. For example, FIG. 60A shows a coupler 632 which can engage a penetrating member 633 that does not have a bent or L-shaped portion. A radial cartridge carrying such a penetrating member 633 may rotate to slide penetrating member into the groove 634 of the coupler 632. FIG. 60B is a front view showing that the coupler 632 may include a tapered portion 636 to guide the penetrating member 633 into the slot 634. FIG. 60C shows an embodiment of the driver 620 using a coupler 637 having a slot 638 for receiving a T-shaped penetrating member. The coupler 637 may further include a protrusion 639 that may be guided in an overhead slot to maintain alignment of the drive shaft during actuation.
Referring now to FIG. 61, a cartridge 640 for use with an in-plane driver 620 is shown. The cartridge 640 includes an empty slot 642 that allows the cartridge to be placed in position with the driver 620. In this embodiment, the empty slot 642 allows the coupler 644 to be positioned to engage an unused penetrating member 645 that may be rotated into position as shown by arrow 646. As seen in FIG. 61, the cartridge 640 may also be designed so that only the portion of the penetrating member that needs to remain sterile (i.e. the portions that may actually be penetrating into tissue) are enclosed. As seen in FIG. 61, a proximal portion 647 of the penetrating member is exposed. This exposed proximal portion may be about 70% of the penetrating member. In other embodiments it may be between about 69% to about 5% of the penetrating member. The cartridge 640 may further include, but not necessarily, sealing protrusions 648. These protrusions 648 are releasably coupled to the cartridge 640 and are removed from the cartridge 640 by remover 649 as the cartridge rotates to place penetrating member 645 into the position of the active penetrating member. The sterile environment is broken prior to actuation of the member 645 and the member does not penetrate sterile enclosure material that may dull the tip of the penetrating member during actuation. A fracturable seal material 650 may be applied to the member to seal against an inner peripheral portion of the cartridge.
Referring now to FIG. 62, a still further embodiment of a cartridge for use with the present invention will be described. This cartridge 652 includes a tapered portion 654 for allowing the coupler 655 to enter the cavity 656. A narrowed portion 657 guides the penetrating member 658. The coupler 655 may have, but does not necessarily have, movable jaws 659 that engage to grip the penetrating member 658. Allowing the coupler to enter the cavity 656 allows the alignment of the penetrating member to be better maintained during actuation. This tapered portion 654 may be adapted for use with any embodiment of the cartridge disclosed herein.
Referring now to FIG. 63, a linear cartridge 660 for use with the present invention will be described. Although the present invention has been shown in use with radial cartridges, the lancing system may be adapted for use with cartridges of other shapes. FIGS. 79-83 show other cartridges of varying shapes adaptable for use with the present invention. FIG. 63 illustrates a cartridge 660 with only a portion 662 providing sterile protection for the penetrating members. The cartridge 660, however, provides a base 664 on which a penetrating member 665 can rest. This provides a level of protection of the penetrating member during handling. The base 664 may also be shaped to provide slots 666 in which a penetrating member 667 may be held. The slot 666 may also be adapted to have a tapered portion 668. These configurations may be adapted for use with any of the embodiments disclosed herein, such as the cartridge 652.
Referring now to FIGS. 64A-64C, a variety of different devices are shown for releasing the sterility seal covering a lateral opening 503 on the cartridge 500. FIG. 64A shows a rotating punch device 670 that has protrusions 672 that punch out the sterility barrier creating openings 674 from which a penetrating member can exit without touching the sterility barrier material. FIG. 64B shows a vertically rotating device 676 with shaped protrusions 678 that punch down the sterility barrier 679 as it is rotated to be in the active, firing position. FIG. 64C shows a punch 680 which is positioned to punch out barrier 682 when the cartridge is lowered onto the punch. The cartridge is rotated and the punch 680 rotates with the cartridge. After the cartridge is rotated to the proper position and lifted up, the punch 680 is spring loaded or otherwise configured to return to the position to engage the sterility barrier covering the next unused penetrating member.
Referring now to FIG. 65A-65B, another type of punch mechanism for use with a punch plate 520 will now be described. The device shown in FIGS. 53-54 shows a mechanism that first punches and then rotates or indexes the released penetrating member into position. In this present embodiment, the cartridge is rotated first and then the gripper and punch may move down simultaneously. FIG. 65A shows one embodiment of a punch 685 having a first portion 686 and a second portion 687. As seen in cross-sectional view of FIG. 65B, the penetrating member gripper 690 is located inside the punch 685. Thus the penetrating of the sterility barrier is integrated into the step of engaging the penetrating member with the gripper 690. The punch 685 may include a slot 692 allowing a portion 694 of the gripper 690 to extend upward. A lateral opening 695 is provided from which a penetrating member may exit. In some embodiments, the punch portion 687 is not included with punch 686, instead relying on some other mechanism such as those shown in FIGS. 64A-64C to press down on barrier material covering a lateral opening 503.
Referring now to FIG. 66, a still further embodiment of a cartridge according to the present invention will be described. FIG. 66 shows a cartridge 700 with a plurality of cavities 702 and individual deflectable portions or fingers 704. The ends of the protective cavities 702 may be divided into individual fingers (such as one for each cavity) on the outer periphery of the disc. Each finger 704 may be individually sealed with a foil cover (not shown for ease of illustration) to maintain sterility until the time of use. Along the inner periphery of the cartridge 700 are raised step portions 706 to create a ratchet type mechanism. As seen in FIG. 67, a penetrating member 708 may be housed in each cavity. The penetrating member may rest on a raised portion 710. A narrowed portion 712 pinches the proximal portions of the penetration member 708. Each cavity may include a wall portion 714 into which the penetrating member 708 may be driven after the penetrating member has been used. FIG. 68 shows the penetrating member gripper 716 lowered to engage a penetrating member 708. For ease of illustration, a sterility barrier covering each of the cavities is not shown.
Referring now to FIGS. 69A-69L, the sequence of steps for actuating a penetrating member in a cartridge 700 will be described. It should be understood that in other embodiments, steps may be combined or reduced without departing from the sprit of the present invention. The last penetrating member to be used may be left in a retracted position, captured by a gripper 716. The end of the protective cavity 704 may be deflected downward by the previous actuation. The user may operate a mechanism such as but not limited to a thumbwheel, lever, crank, slider, etc. . . . that advances a new penetrating member 720 into launch position as seen in FIG. 69A. The mechanism lifts a bar that allows the protective cavity to return to its original position in the plane of the disc.
In this embodiment as shown in FIG. 69B, the penetrating member guide 722 presses through foil in rear of pocket to “home” penetrating member and control vertical clearance. For ease of illustration, actuation devices for moving the penetrating member guide 722 and other mechanisms are not shown. They may be springs, cams, or other devices that can lower and move the components shown in these figures. In some embodiments, the cartridge 700 may be raised or lowered to engage the penetrating member guide 722 and other devices.
As seen in FIG. 69C, the plough or sterile enclosure release device 724 is lowered to engage the cartridge 700. In some embodiments, the disc or cartridge 700 may raised part way upward until a plough or plow blade 724 pierces the sterility barrier 726 which may be a foil covering.
Referring now to FIG. 69D, the plough 724 clears foil from front of pocket and leaves it attached to cartridge 700. The plough 724 is driven radially inward, cutting open the sterility barrier and rolling the scrap into a coil ahead of the plough. Foil naturally curls over and forms tight coil when plough lead angle is around 55 degs to horizontal. If angle of the plough may be between about 60-40 degs, preferably closer to 55 degs. In some embodiments, the foil may be removed in such a manner that the penetrating member does not need to pierce any sterile enclosure materials during launch.
Referring now to FIG. 69E, the gripper 716 may be lowered to engage the bare penetrating member or piercing member 720. Optionally, the disc or cartridge 8000 may be raised until the penetrating member 720 is pressed firmly into the gripper 716. Although not shown in the present figure, the penetrating member driver or actuator of the present embodiment may remain in the same horizontal plane as the penetrating member.
As seen in FIG. 69F, a bar 730 may be pressed downward on the outer end 732 of the protective cavity to deflect it so it is clear of the path of the penetrating member. In the present embodiment, the bar 730 is shaped to allow the bare penetrating member 720 to pass through. It should be understood that other shapes and orientations of the bar (such as contacting only one side or part of end 732) may be used to engage the end 732.
Referring now to FIG. 69G, an electrical solenoid or other electronic or feed-back controllable drive may actuate the gripper 716 radially outward, carrying the bare penetrating member 720 with it. The bare penetrating member projects from the protective case and into the skin of a finger or other tissue site that has been placed over the aperture of the actuator assembly. Suitable penetrating member drivers are described in commonly assigned, copending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/127,395 filed Apr. 19, 2002.
Referring now to FIG. 69H, the solenoid or other suitable penetrating member driver retracts the bare penetrating member 720 into a retracted position where it parks until the beginning of the next lancing cycle.
Referring now to FIG. 69I, bar 730 may be released so that the end 150 returns to an in-plane configuration with the cartridge 800.
As seen in FIG. 69J, the gripper 716 may drive a used bare penetrating member radially outward until the sharpened tip is embedded into a plastic wall 714 at or near the outward end 732 of the cavity thus immobilizing the contaminated penetrating member.
As seen in FIGS. 69K and 69L, the plough 724, the gripper 716, and penetrating member guide 722 may all be disengaged from the bare penetrating member 720. Optionally, it should be understood that the advance mechanism may lower the cartridge 700 from the gripper 716. The used penetrating member, restrained by the tip embedded in plastic, and by the cover foil at the opposite end, is stripped from the gripper. The disc or cartridge 700 may be rotated until a new, sealed; sterile penetrating member is in position under the launch mechanism.
Referring now to FIGS. 70 and 71, one object for some embodiments of the invention is to include blood sampling and sensing on this penetrating member actuation device. In the present embodiment, the drive mechanism (gripper 738 and solenoid drive coil 739) may be used to drive a penetrating member into the skin and couple this lancing event to acquire the blood sample as it forms at the surface of the finger. In a first embodiment shown in FIG. 70, microfluidic module 740 bearing the analyte detecting member chemistry and detection device 742 (FIG. 71) is couple on to the shaft of the penetrating member 720. The drive cycle described above may also actuate the module 740 so that it rests at the surface of the finger to acquire blood once the penetrating member retracts from the wound. The module 740 is allowed to remain on the surface of the finger or other tissue site until the gripper 738 has reached the back end 744 of the microfluidics module 740, at which point the module is also retracted into the casing. The amount of time the module 740 remains on the finger, in this embodiment, may be varied based on the distance the end 744 is located and the amount of time it takes the gripper to engage it on the withdrawal stroke. The blood filled module 740, filled while the module remains on pierced tissue site, may then undergo analyte detection by means such as but not limited to optical or electrochemical sensing.
The blood may be filled in the lumen that the penetrating member was in or the module may have separately defined sample chambers to the side of the penetrating member lumen. The analyte detecting member may also be placed right at the immediate vicinity or slightly setback from the module opening receiving blood so that low blood volumes will still reach the analyte detecting member. In some embodiments, the analyte sensing device and a visual display or other interface may be on board the apparatus and thus provide a readout of analyte levels without need to plug apparatus or a test strip into a separate reader device. As seen in FIG. 71, the cover 746 may also be clear to allow for light to pass through for optical sensing. The analyte detecting member may be used with low volumes such as less than about 1 microliter of sample, preferably less than about 0.6 microliter, more preferably less than about 0.3 microliter, and most preferably less than about 0.1 microliter of sample.
In another embodiment as seen in FIG. 72, sensing elements 760 may be directly printed or formed on the top of bottom of the penetrating member cartridge 700, depending on orientation. The bare penetrating member 720 is then actuated through a hole 762 in the plastic facing, withdrawn into the radial cavity followed by the blood sample. Electrochemical or optical detection for analyte sensing may then be carried out (FIG. 72). Again the cavity 766 may have a clear portion to allow light to pass for optical sensing. In one embodiment, a multiplicity of miniaturized analyte detecting member fields may be placed on the floor of the radial cavity as shown in FIG. 72 or on the microfluidic module shown in FIG. 71 to allow many tests on a single analyte form a single drop of blood to improve accuracy and precision of measurement. Although not limited in this manner, additional analyte detecting member fields or regions may also be included for calibration or other purposes.
Referring now to FIG. 73, a still further embodiment of a cartridge according to the present invention will be described. FIG. 73 shows one embodiment of a cartridge 800 which may be removably inserted into an apparatus for driving penetrating members to pierce skin or tissue. The cartridge 800 has a plurality of penetrating members 802 that may be individually or otherwise selectively actuated so that the penetrating members 802 may extend outward from the cartridge, as indicated by arrow 804, to penetrate tissue. In the present embodiment, the cartridge 800 may be based on a flat disc with a number of penetrating members such as, but in no way limited to, (25, 50, 75, 100, . . . ) arranged radially on the disc or cartridge 800. It should be understood that although the cartridge 800 is shown as a disc or a disc-shaped housing, other shapes or configurations of the cartridge may also work without departing from the spirit of the present invention of placing a plurality of penetrating members to be engaged, singly or in some combination, by a penetrating member driver.
Each penetrating member 802 may be contained in a cavity 806 in the cartridge 800 with the penetrating member's sharpened end facing radially outward and may be in the same plane as that of the cartridge. The cavity 806 may be molded, pressed, forged, or otherwise formed in the cartridge. Although not limited in this manner, the ends of the cavities 806 may be divided into individual fingers (such as one for each cavity) on the outer periphery of the disc. The particular shape of each cavity 806 may be designed to suit the size or shape of the penetrating member therein or the amount of space desired for placement of the analyte detecting members 808. For example and not limitation, the cavity 806 may have a V-shaped cross-section, a U-shaped cross-section, C-shaped cross-section, a multi-level cross section or the other cross-sections. The opening 810 through which a penetrating member 802 may exit to penetrate tissue may also have a variety of shapes, such as but not limited to, a circular opening, a square or rectangular opening, a U-shaped opening, a narrow opening that only allows the penetrating member to pass, an opening with more clearance on the sides, a slit, a configuration as shown in FIG. 75, or the other shapes.
In this embodiment, after actuation, the penetrating member 802 is returned into the cartridge and may be held within the cartridge 800 in a manner so that it is not able to be used again. By way of example and not limitation, a used penetrating member may be returned into the cartridge and held by the launcher in position until the next lancing event. At the time of the next lancing, the launcher may disengage the used penetrating member with the cartridge 800 turned or indexed to the next clean penetrating member such that the cavity holding the used penetrating member is position so that it is not accessible to the user (i.e. turn away from a penetrating member exit opening). In some embodiments, the tip of a used penetrating member may be driven into a protective stop that hold the penetrating member in place after use. The cartridge 800 is replaceable with a new cartridge 800 once all the penetrating members have been used or at such other time or condition as deemed desirable by the user.
Referring still to the embodiment in FIG. 73, the cartridge 800 may provide sterile environments for penetrating members via seals, foils, covers, polymeric, or similar materials used to seal the cavities and provide enclosed areas for the penetrating members to rest in. In the present embodiment, a foil or seal layer 820 is applied to one surface of the cartridge 800. The seal layer 820 may be made of a variety of materials such as but not limited to a metallic foil or other seal materials and may be of a tensile strength and other quality that may provide a sealed, sterile environment until the seal layer 820 is penetrate by a suitable or penetrating device providing a preselected or selected amount of force to open the sealed, sterile environment. Each cavity 806 may be individually sealed with a layer 820 in a manner such that the opening of one cavity does not interfere with the sterility in an adjacent or other cavity in the cartridge 800. As seen in the embodiment of FIG. 73, the seal layer 820 may be a planar material that is adhered to a top surface of the cartridge 800.
Depending on the orientation of the cartridge 800 in the penetrating member driver apparatus, the seal layer 820 may be on the top surface, side surface, bottom surface, or other positioned surface. For ease of illustration and discussion of the embodiment of FIG. 73, the layer 820 is placed on a top surface of the cartridge 800. The cavities 806 holding the penetrating members 802 are sealed on by the foil layer 820 and thus create the sterile environments for the penetrating members. The foil layer 820 may seal a plurality of cavities 806 or only a select number of cavities as desired.
In a still further feature of FIG. 73, the cartridge 800 may optionally include a plurality of analyte detecting members 808 on a substrate 822 which may be attached to a bottom surface of the cartridge 800. The substrate may be made of a material such as, but not limited to, a polymer, a foil, or other material suitable for attaching to a cartridge and holding the analyte detecting members 808. As seen in FIG. 73, the substrate 822 may hold a plurality of analyte detecting members, such as but not limited to, about 10-50, 50-100, or other combinations of analyte detecting members. This facilitates the assembly and integration of analyte detecting members 808 with cartridge 800. These analyte detecting members 808 may enable an integrated body fluid sampling system where the penetrating members 802 create a wound tract in a target tissue, which expresses body fluid that flows into the cartridge for analyte detection by at least one of the analyte detecting members 808. The substrate 822 may contain any number of analyte detecting members 808 suitable for detecting analytes in cartridge having a plurality of cavities 806. In one embodiment, many analyte detecting members 808 may be printed onto a single substrate 822 which is then adhered to the cartridge to facilitate manufacturing and simplify assembly. The analyte detecting members 808 may be electrochemical in nature. The analyte detecting members 808 may further contain enzymes, dyes, or other detectors which react when exposed to the desired analyte. Additionally, the analyte detecting members 808 may comprise of clear optical windows that allow light to pass into the body fluid for analyte analysis. The number, location, and type of analyte detecting member 808 may be varied as desired, based in part on the design of the cartridge, number of analytes to be measured, the need for analyte detecting member calibration, and the sensitivity of the analyte detecting members. If the cartridge 800 uses an analyte detecting member arrangement where the analyte detecting members are on a substrate attached to the bottom of the cartridge, there may be through holes (as shown in FIG. 76), wicking elements, capillary tube or other devices on the cartridge 800 to allow body fluid to flow from the cartridge to the analyte detecting members 808 for analysis. In other configurations, the analyte detecting members 808 may be printed, formed, or otherwise located directly in the cavities housing the penetrating members 802 or areas on the cartridge surface that receive blood after lancing.
The use of the seal layer 820 and substrate or analyte detecting member layer 822 may facilitate the manufacture of these cartridges 10. For example, a single seal layer 820 may be adhered, attached, or otherwise coupled to the cartridge 800 as indicated by arrows 824 to seal many of the cavities 806 at one time. A sheet 822 of analyte detecting members may also be adhered, attached, or otherwise coupled to the cartridge 800 as indicated by arrows 825 to provide many analyte detecting members on the cartridge at one time. During manufacturing of one embodiment of the present invention, the cartridge 800 may be loaded with penetrating members 802, sealed with layer 820 and a temporary layer (not shown) on the bottom where substrate 822 would later go, to provide a sealed environment for the penetrating members. This assembly with the temporary bottom layer is then taken to be sterilized. After sterilization, the assembly is taken to a clean room (or it may already be in a clear room or equivalent environment) where the temporary bottom layer is removed and the substrate 822 with analyte detecting members is coupled to the cartridge as shown in FIG. 73. This process allows for the sterile assembly of the cartridge with the penetrating members 802 using processes and/or temperatures that may degrade the accuracy or functionality of the analyte detecting members on substrate 822. As a nonlimiting example, the entire cartridge 800 may then be placed in a further sealed container such as but not limited to a pouch, bag, plastic molded container, etc. . . . to facilitate contact, improve ruggedness, and/or allow for easier handling.
In some embodiments, more than one seal layer 820 may be used to seal the cavities 806. As examples of some embodiments, multiple layers may be placed over each cavity 806, half or some selected portion of the cavities may be sealed with one layer with the other half or selected portion of the cavities sealed with another sheet or layer, different shaped cavities may use different seal layer, or the like. The seal layer 820 may have different physical properties, such as those covering the penetrating members 802 near the end of the cartridge may have a different color such as but not limited to red to indicate to the user (if visually inspectable) that the user is down to say 10, 5, or other number of penetrating members before the cartridge should be changed out.
Referring now to FIGS. 74 and 75, one embodiment of the microfluidics used with the analyte detecting members 808 in cartridge 800 will now be described. For ease of illustration, the shape of cavity 806 has been simplified into a simple wedge shape. It should be understood that more sophisticated configurations such as but not limited to that shown in FIG. 73 may be used. FIG. 74 shows a channel 826 that assists in drawing body fluid towards the analyte detecting members 808. In the present embodiment, two analyte detecting members 808 are shown in the cavity 806. This is purely for illustrative purposes as the cavity 806 may have one analyte detecting member or any other number of analyte detecting members as desired. Body fluid entering cavity 806, while filling part of the cavity, will also be drawn by capillary action through the groove 826 towards the analyte detecting members 808. The analyte detecting members 808 may all perform the same analysis, they may each perform different types of analysis, or there may be some combination of the two (some sensors perform same analysis while others perform other analysis).
FIG. 75 shows a perspective view of a cutout of the cavity 806. The penetrating member 802 (shown in phantom) is housed in the cavity 806 and may extend outward through a penetrating member exit opening 830 as indicated by arrow 832. The position of the tip of penetrating member 802 may vary, such as but not limited to being near the penetrating member exit port or spaced apart from the exit. The location of the tip relative to the analyte detecting member 808 may also be varied, such as but not limited to being spaced apart or away from the analyte detecting member or collocated or in the immediate vicinity of the analyte detecting member. Fluid may then enter the cavity 806 and directed by channel 826. The channel 826 as shown in FIG. 75 is a groove that is open on top. The channel 826 may be entirely a groove with an open top or it may have a portion that is has a sealed top forming a lumen, or still further, the groove may be closed except for an opening near the penetrating member exit opening 830. It should be understood that capillary action can be achieved using a groove having one surface uncovered. In some embodiments, the analyte detecting member 808 is positioned close to the penetrating member exit opening 830 so that the analyte detecting member 808 may not need a capillary groove or channel to draw body fluid, such as in FIG. 78.
As seen in FIGS. 75 and 76, the cavity 806 may include the substrate 822 coupled to its bottom surface containing the analyte detecting members 808. With the analyte detecting members 808 located on the underside of the cartridge 800 as seen in the embodiment of FIG. 76, the cartridge 800 may include at least one through hole 834 to provide a passage for body fluid to pass from the cavity 806 to the analyte detecting member 808. The size, location, shape, and other features of the through hole 834 may be varied based on the cavity 806 and number of analyte detecting members 808 to be provided. In other embodiments, wicking elements or the like may be used to draw body fluid from the groove 826 to down to the analyte detecting member 808 via the through hole or holes 834.
Referring now to FIG. 77, a variety of groove and analyte detecting member configurations are shown on a single cartridge. These configurations are shown only for illustrative purposes and a single cartridge may not incorporate each of these configurations. Some embodiments may use any of the detecting members, singly or in combination. It should be understood, however, that analyte detecting member configuration could be customized for each cavity, such as but not limited to, using a different number and location of analyte detecting members depending lancing variables associated with that cavity, such as but not limited to, the time of day of the lancing event, the type of analyte to be measured, the test site to be lanced, stratum corneum hydration, or other lancing parameter. As a nonlimiting example, the detecting members may be moved closer towards the outer edge of the disc, more on the side walls, any combination, or the like.
FIG. 77 shows a penetrating member 802 in a cavity 838 with three analyte detecting members 808 in the cavity. For ease of illustration, the penetrating member 802 is omitted from the remaining cavities so that the analyte detecting member configurations can be more easily seen. Cavity 840 has a channel 826 with two analyte detecting members 808. Cavity 842 has a channel 844 coupled to a single analyte detecting member 808. Cavities 846 and 848 have one and two analyte detecting members 808, respectively. The analyte detecting members 808 in those cavities may be located directly at the penetrating member exit from the cartridge or substantially at the penetrating member exit. Other analyte detecting member configurations are also possible, such as but not limited to, placing one or more analyte detecting members on a side wall of the cavity, placing the analyte detecting members in particular arrays (for example, a linear array, triangular array, square array, etc. . . . ) on the side wall or bottom surface, using mixed types of analyte detecting members (for example, electrochemical and optical, or some other combination), or mixed positioning of analyte detecting members (for example, at least one analyte detecting member on the substrate below the cartridge and at least one analyte detecting member in the cavity).
FIG. 78 shows an embodiment of cartridge 800 where the analyte detecting member 850 is located near the distal end of cavity 806. The analyte detecting member 850 may be formed, deposited, or otherwise attached there to the cartridge 800. In another embodiment, the analyte detecting member 850 may be a well or indentation having a bottom with sufficient transparency to allow an optical analyte detecting member to detect analytes in fluid deposited in the well or indentation. The well or indentation may also include some analyte reagent that reacts (fluoresces, changes colors, or presents other detectable qualities) when body fluid is placed in the well. In a still further embodiment, analyte detecting member 850 may be replaced with a through hole that allow fluid to pass there through. An analyte detecting member 808 on a substrate 822 may be attached to the underside of the cartridge 800, accessing fluid passing from the cavity 806 down to the analyte detecting member 808.
As mentioned above, the analyte detecting members 808 may also be placed right at the immediate vicinity or slightly setback from the module opening receiving blood so that low blood volumes will still reach the analyte detecting member. The analyte detecting members 808 may be used with low volumes such as less than about 1 microliter of sample, preferably less than about 0.6 microliter, more preferably less than about 0.3 microliter, and most preferably less than about 0.1 microliter of sample. Analyte detecting members 808 may also be directly printed or formed on the bottom of the penetrating member cartridge 800. In one embodiment, a multiplicity of miniaturized analyte detecting member fields may be placed on the floor of the radial cavity or on the microfluidic module to allow many tests on a single analyte form a single drop of blood to improve accuracy and precision of measurement. Although not limited in this manner, additional analyte detecting member fields or regions may also be included for calibration or other purposes.
Referring now to FIGS. 79-84, further embodiments of the cartridge 800 will now be described. FIG. 79 shows a cartridge 860 having a half-circular shape. FIG. 80 shows a cartridge 862 in the shape of a partial curve. FIG. 80 also shows that the cartridges 862 may be stacked in various configurations such as but not limited to vertically, horizontally, or in other orientations. FIG. 81 shows a cartridge 864 having a substantially straight, linear configuration. FIG. 82 shows a plurality of cartridges 864 arranged to extend radially outward from a center 866. Each cartridge may be on a slide (not shown for simplicity) that allows the cartridge 864 to slide radially outward to be aligned with a penetrating member launcher. After use, the cartridge 864 is slide back towards the center 866 and the entire assembly is rotated as indicated by arrow 868 to bring a new cartridge 864 into position for use with a penetrating member driver. FIG. 83 shows a still further embodiment where a plurality of cartridges 800 may be stacked for use with a penetrating member driver (see FIG. 85). The driver may be moved to align itself with each cartridge 800 or the cartridges may be moved to alight themselves with the driver. FIG. 84 shows a still further embodiment where a plurality of cartridge 864 are coupled together with a flexible support to define an array. A roller 870 may be used to move the cartridges 864 into position to be actuated by the penetrating member driver 872.
Referring now to FIG. 85, one embodiment of an apparatus 880 using a radial cartridge 800 with a penetrating member driver 882 is shown. A contoured surface 884 is located near a penetrating member exit port 886, allowing for a patient to place their finger in position for lancing. Although not shown, the apparatus 880 may include a human readable or other type of visual display to relay status to the user. The display may also show measured analyte levels or other measurement or feedback to the user without the need to plug apparatus 880 or a separate test strip into a separate analyte reader device. The apparatus 880 may include a processor or other logic for actuating the penetrating member or for measuring the analyte levels. The cartridge 800 may be loaded into the apparatus 880 by opening a top housing of the apparatus which may be hinged or removably coupled to a bottom housing. The cartridge 800 may also drawn into the apparatus 880 using a loading mechanism similar in spirit to that found on a compact disc player or the like. In such an embodiment, the apparatus may have a slot (similar to a CD player in an automobile) that allows for the insertion of the cartridge 800 into the apparatus 880 which is then automatically loaded into position or otherwise seated in the apparatus for operation therein. The loading mechanism may be mechanically powered or electrically powered. In some embodiments, the loading mechanism may use a loading tray in addition to the slot. The slot may be placed higher on the housing so that the cartridge 800 will have enough clearance to be loaded into the device and then dropped down over the penetrating member driver 882. The cartridge 800 may have an indicator mark or indexing device that allows the cartridge to be properly aligned by the loading mechanism or an aligning mechanism once the cartridge 800 is placed into the apparatus 880. The cartridge 800 may rest on a radial platform that rotates about the penetrating member driver 882, thus providing a method for advancing the cartridge to bring unused penetrating members to engagement with the penetrating member driver. The cartridge 800 on its underside or other surface, may shaped or contoured such as but not limited to with notches, grooves, tractor holes, optical markers, or the like to facilitate handling and/or indexing of the cartridge. These shapes or surfaces may also be varied so as to indicate that the cartridge is almost out of unused penetrating members, that there are only five penetrating members left, or some other cartridge status indicator as desired.
A suitable method and apparatus for loading penetrating members has been described previously in commonly assigned, copending U.S. patent applications Nos. 60/393,706 and 60/393,707, and are included here by reference for all purposes. Suitable devices for engaging the penetrating members and for removing protective materials associated with the penetrating member cavity are described in commonly assigned, copending U.S. patent applications Nos. 60/422,988 and 60/424,429, and are included here by reference for all purposes. For example in the embodiment of FIG. 78, the foil or seal layer 820 may cover the cavity by extending across the cavity along a top surface 890 and down along the angled surface 892 to provide a sealed, sterile environment for the penetrating member and analyte detecting members therein. A piercing element described in U.S. patent applications No. 60/424,429 has a piercing element and then a shaped portion behind the element which pushes the foil to the sides of the cavity or other position so that the penetrating member 802 may be actuated and body fluid may flow into the cavity.
Referring now to FIG. 86, a still further embodiment of a lancing system according to the present invention will be described. A radial cartridge 500 may be incorporated for use with a penetrating member driver 882. A penetrating member may be driven outward as indicated by arrow 894. A plurality of analyte detecting members are presented on a roll 895 that is laid out near a penetrating member exit. The roll 895 may be advanced as indicated by arrow 896 so that used analyte detecting members are moved away from the active site. The roll 895 may also be replaced by a disc holding a plurality of analyte detecting members, wherein the analyte detecting member disc (not shown) is oriented in a plane substantially orthogonal to the plane of cartridge 500. The analyte detecting member disc may also be at other angles not parallel to the plane of cartridge 500 so as to be able to rotate and present new, unused analyte detecting member in sequence with new unused penetrating members of cartridge 500.
Referring now to FIG. 87A, the cartridge 500 provides a high density packaging system for a lancing system. This form factor allows a patient to load a large number penetrating members through a single cartridge while maintaining a substantially handheld device. Of course such a cartridge 500 may also be used in non-handheld devices. The present cartridge 500 provide a high test density per volume of the disposable. For embodiments of a cartridge that includes analyte detecting members in addition to penetrating members such as cartridge 800, the density may also be measured in terms of density of analyte detecting members and penetrating members in a disposable. In other embodiments, the density may also be expressed in terms of analyte detecting members per disposable. For example, by taking the physical volume of one embodiment or the total envelope, this number can be divided by the number of penetrating members or number of tests. This result is the volume per penetrating member or per test in a cassetted fashion. For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the total volume of the cartridge 500 is determined to be 4.53 cubic centimeters. In this one embodiment, the cartridge 500 holds 50 penetrating members. Dividing the volume by 50, the volume per test is arrived at 0.090 cubic centimeters. Conventional test devices such as drum is in the range of 0.720 or 0.670 cubic centimeters and that is simply the volume to hold a plurality of test strips. This does not include penetrating members as does the present embodiment 800. Thus, the present embodiment is at a substantially higher density. Even a slightly lower density device having penetrating members and analyte detecting members in the 0.500 cubic centimeter range would be a vast improvement over known devices since the numbers listed above for known devices does not include penetrating members, only packaging per test strip. Cartridges having volumes less than 4.53 may also be used.
Each penetrating member (or penetrating member and analyte detecting member, as the case may be) may have a packing density, or occupied volume, in cartridge 500. In various embodiments, the packing density or occupied volume of each penetrating member in cartridge 500 may be no more than about 0.66 cm3, 0.05 cm3, 0.4 cm3, 0.3 cm3, 0.2 cm3, 0.1 cm3, 0.075 cm3, 0.05 cm3, 0.025 cm3, 0.01 cm3, 0.090 cm3, 0.080 cm3, and the like. These numbers applicable to volumes for penetrating members alone, for combined penetrating members and analyte detecting members, and/or just analyte detecting members. In other words, the volume required for each penetrating member does not exceed 0.66 cm3/penetrating member, 0.05 cm3/penetrating member, 0.4 cm3/penetrating member, 0.3 cm3/penetrating member, 0.2 cm3/penetrating member, 0.1 cm3/penetrating member, 0.075 cm3/penetrating member, 0.05 cm3/penetrating member, 0.025 cm3/penetrating member, 0.01 cm3/penetrating member, 0.090 cm3/penetrating member and the like. So, if the total package volume of the cartridge is defined as X and the cartridge includes Y number of penetrating members, penetrating members and test area, or other unit 395, the volume for each unit does not exceed 0.66 cm3, 0.05 cm3, 0.4 cm3, 0.3 cm3, 0.2 cm3, 0.1 cm3, 0.075 cm3, 0.05 cm3, 0.025 cm3, 0.01 cm3, 0.090 cm3, 0.080 cm3, and the like.
Referring now to FIG. 87B, a still further embodiment of a cartridge according to the present invention will now be described. FIG. 87B shows a cross-section of a conical shaped cartridge with the penetrating member being oriented in one embodiment to move radially outward as indicated by arrow 897. In another embodiment, the penetrating member may be oriented to move radially inward as indicated by arrow 895. The gripper may be positioned to engage the penetrating member from an inner surface or an outer surface of the cartridge.
Referring now to FIG. 88, nanowires may also be used to create low volume analyte detecting members used with the cartridge 800. Further details of a nanowire device is described in commonly assigned, copending U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/433,286 filed Dec. 13, 2002, fully incorporated herein by reference for all purposes. These nanowire analyte detecting members 898 may be incorporated into the cavity 806 housing the penetrating member 802. They may be placed on the floor or bottom surface of the cavity 806, on the wall, on the top surface, or any combinations of some or all of these possibilities. The analyte detecting members 898 may be designed to have different sensitivity ranges so as to enhance the overall sensitivity of an array of such analyte detecting members. Methods to achieve this may include, but are not limited to, using nanowires of varying sizes, varying the number of nanowires, or varying the amount of glucose oxidase or other glucose detection material on the nanowires. These nanowire analyte detecting members may be designed to use low volumes of body fluid for each sample, due to their size. In some embodiments, each of the analyte detecting members are accurate using volumes of body fluid sample less than about 500 nanoliters. In some embodiments, each of the analyte detecting members are accurate using volumes of body fluid sample less than about 300 nanoliters. In still other embodiments, each analyte detecting member is accurate with less than about 50 nanoliters, less than about 30 nanoliters, less than about 10 nanoliters, less than about 5 nanoliters, and less than about 1 nanoliters of body fluid sample. In some embodiments, the combined array of analyte detecting members uses less than 300 nanoliters of body fluid to arrive at an analyte measurement.
Referring now to FIG. 89, a still further embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 89 shows one embodiment of an optical illumination system 910 for use with optical analyte detecting members (FIG. 91) that may be in contact with a body fluid sample. The overall system may include a plurality of analyte detecting members which provide some optical indicator, a light source 912 for providing light to shine on the analyte detecting members, at least one light detector 914, and a processor (not shown). The analyte detecting member or analyte detecting members are exposed to a sample of the fluid of unknown composition. A plurality of analyte detecting members may be arranged into an array of analyte detecting members exposed to one fluid sample, each group targeting a specific analyte and may contain an analyte-specific chemical that interacts more specifically with one analyte than with some other analytes to be analyzed. Each analyte detecting member may also have different sensitivity ranges so as to maximize overall sensitivity of an array of such analyte detecting members. The light source 912 shines light on at least one analyte detecting member to cause light interaction. The differences in the analyte detecting members may lead to differences in the light interaction. The light detector detects the light interaction by the analyte detecting members. The processor analyzes the light interaction by the analyte detecting members to take into account interference in light interaction among the analytes, thereby determining the concentration of the desired analyte in the fluid.
Referring still to the embodiment of FIG. 89, the light source 912 may be but is not limited to an LED. An alternative LED 915 may also be used with the present invention. Light, illumination, or excitation energy from LED 912 travels along a path through a pinhole 916, a filter 917, and a lens 918. The light then comes into contact with a beamsplitter 919 such as but not limited to a dichroic mirror or other device useful for beamsplitting. The light is then directed towards lens 920 as indicated by arrow 921. The lens 920 focuses light onto the analyte detecting member (FIG. 91). This excitation energy may cause a detectable optical indicator from the analyte detecting member. By way of example and not limitation, fluorescence energy may be reflected bay up the lens 920. This energy passes through the beamsplitter 919 and to lens 922 which is then received by detector 914 as indicated by arrow 923. The detector 914 measures the energy and this information is passed on to the processor (not shown) to determine analyte levels. The illumination system 910 may also include cells 924 on the disc surface. In this specific embodiment, a penetrating member 925 drive by a force generator 926 such as but not limited to a solenoid may be used to obtain the fluid sample. A detent 927 may also be included with the device along with other bare lancets or penetrating members 928.
Referring now to FIG. 90, another embodiment of the illumination system 910 is shown for use with a cartridge 929. Cartridge 929 is similar to cartridge 800. Cartridge 929 is a single cartridge having a plurality of penetrating members and a plurality of optical analyte detecting members (not shown). The cartridge 929 further includes a plurality of optically transparent portions 930 which may be but is not limited to windows or the like for the light from LED 912 to shine into a cavity of the cartridge 929. In one embodiment, each cavity of the cartridge 929 may include at least one transparent portion 930. This allows the light to generate energy that may be read by analyte detecting member 914. The cartridge 929 may be used a driver 882 to actuate penetrating members and the cartridge 929 may rotate as indicated by arrow 931.
Referring now to FIG. 91, a cross-section of a similar embodiment of the illumination system is shown. This system 932 has source 912 with a lens 933 having an excitation filter 934. This excitation filter 934, in one embodiment, only allows excitation energy to pass. This filter 934 allows the excitation energy to pass to dichroic mirror 935, but does not let it return to source 912. Excitation energy is reflected down as indicated by arrow 936. Lens 937 focuses the energy to optical analyte detecting member 938. Fluorescence energy 939 passes through the dichroic mirror 935 and towards a fluorescent filter 940. In one embodiment, the fluorescent filter 940 only allows fluorescent energy to pass through to lens 941. Thus, the detector 914 only receives fluorescent energy from the analyte detecting member 938. It should be understood of course, that the filter may be changed to allow the type of energy being generated by analyte detecting member 938 to pass. In some embodiments, no filter may be used. The dichroic mirror 935 may be a Bk7 substrate, 63×40×8 mm. The filters may also be a Bk7 substrate about 40 mm in diameter and about 6 mm thick. The lens 933, 937, and 941 may be achormat: bfl=53.6, working aperture 38 mm.
Referring now to FIG. 92, a still further embodiment of an illumination system 942 will be described. This system does not use a beamsplitter or dichroic mirror. Instead, both the source or LED 912 and detector 914 have direct line of sight to the optical analyte detecting member 938. In this embodiment, multiple elements are combined into a single housing. For example, lens 943, lens 944, and filter 945 are combined while lens 946, lens 947, and filter 948 are also combined.
Referring now to FIG. 93, a cross-section of a system similar to that of FIG. 89 is shown in a housing 950. LED 912 sends light to mirror 919 to a light path 951 to cells 924 on a surface of the disc. A finger access 952 allows a sample to be obtained and flow along a fluid pathway 953 to be analyzed. A processor 954 may be coupled to detector 914 to analyze the results.
Referring now to FIG. 94, a cross-section of a system similar to that of FIG. 90 will be further described. This shows a cartridge 929 used with a driver 882. This allows for a radial design where the penetrating members extend radially outward as indicated by arrow 955. The driver 882 may have a coupler portion that reciprocates as indicated by arrow 956. FIGS. 95 and 96 provide further views of a system similar to that of FIG. 89. The embodiment of FIGS. 95 and 96 may include additional lenses or filters as may be useful to refine energy detection.
Referring now to FIG. 97, one embodiment of a tissue penetrating device 1000 for use with digitally encoded information will now be described. A user interface 1002, including but not limited to an optical read out, and one or more detectors 1004 may be provided on the device. As a nonlimiting example, the detector 1004 can be a CMOS. The detector 1004 may provide a mechanism for digitally reading encoded information associated with the cartridge 1006, or any other information or aspect of the operation, use, and the like of the tissue penetrating system.
The tissue penetrating device 1000 may also include memory 1008. The memory 1008 can also include digitally encoded information associated with the tissue penetrating systems and its use. Examples of the digitally encoded information include but are not limited to number of penetrating members used, number of target tissue penetrating events, time and date of the last selected number of target tissue penetrating events, time interval between alarm and target tissue penetrating event, stratum corneum thickness, time of day, energy consumed by a penetrating member driver to drive a penetrating member into the target tissue, depth of penetrating member penetration, velocity of the penetrating member, desired velocity profile, velocity of the penetrating member into the target tissue, velocity of the penetrating member out of the target tissue, dwell time of the penetrating member in the target tissue, a target tissue relaxation parameter, force delivered on the target tissue, dwell time of the penetrating member, battery status, system status, consumed energy, speed profile of the penetrating member as the penetrating penetrates and advances through the target tissue, a tissue target tissue relaxation parameter, information relative to contact of a penetrating member with target tissue before penetration by the penetrating member, information relative to a change of speed of a penetrating member as in travels in the target tissue, type of electrochemical analyte detecting member used, the kind of test the analyte detecting member will be measuring, information relative to consumed sensors and/or information relative to consumed penetrating members. These features may also be included on a device without a lancing capability. Such a device may function mainly as an analyte detecting meter and may be designed to hold a cartridge that can be used for multiple measurement events. The digitally encoded information may be read via the user interface. It should be understood that bar coding and other techniques for relating information may also be used with the present invention.
Referring now to FIG. 98, one embodiment of a tissue penetrating device 1000 with an optical detection system that separates excitation and fluorescence images will now be described. One or more optical detectors or imagers 1010 are provided. In one embodiment, a grating 1012 is positioned at an aperture plane of a lens L. Excitation radiation is directed at an object O. In this embodiment, the object O may be a well with emulsions or other chemical compounds to detect the presence of at least one analyte. In the plane of the detector 1010, the diffraction of the grating 1012 causes the fluorescence image λf and excitation image λe to be separated. As a nonlimiting example, the detector 1010 can be a CMOS or CMOS array. This permits the excitation and fluorescence images to be separately detected.
As seen in FIG. 98, the lens aperture plane grating 1012 uses diffraction to separate the excitation image and fluorescent image. The filter 1014 may be used to attenuate the excitation so that saturation of the detector 1010 (which in this embodiment may be a CMOS array) can be prevented. The aim is to provide maximum focal plane information and reduce the need for a dichroic beamsplitter (although such a beamsplitter may be used in alternative embodiments). It should be understood that in some embodiments, a GRIN lens array may be used in place of lens L. Splitting of the image may allow for more accurate detection of the fluorescence image. Splitting may reduce the amount of noise associated with the fluorescence image. Splitting may also allow for referencing of the displaced images. The optical train of FIG. 98 may be adapted for use with the embodiments described in FIGS. 89-96 and with any of the embodiments disclosed herein. Although not limited to the following, the displaced images may be directed at one CMOS, one CMOS array, separate CMOS's, or separate CMOS arrays.
As described above, the tissue penetrating device such as but not limited to device 1000 may use photodetector arrays for fluorescence lifetime imaging to determine analyte levels. In one embodiment of the present invention, CMOS detector arrays are utilized to measure fluorescence lifetimes of the analyte detecting members. In one embodiment, each pixel in the array has a plurality of charge/voltage storage locations. A sample of the correct pixel light level can be stored at one or more of these storage locations, as illustrated in FIG. 99.
Referring now to FIG. 100, a time dependent optical image can be sampled and averaged, or integrated, on the array. This integration, as a function of time, is illustrated in FIG. 100. In the figure, “A” represents the averaged/integrated time dependent optical image on one capacitor. “B” is the averaged/integrated time dependent optical image on a different capacitor. A processor (not shown) in the device 1000 may be used to determine analyte levels using this lifetime information. Although not limited to the following, the capacitor may be on the cartridge or on the device 1000.
Referring now to FIG. 101, one embodiment of a tissue penetrating device and/or an analyte detecting meter, such as but not limited to device 1000, with a diffuser for illuminating well regions with homogenized light will now be described. In an optical detection system, in one embodiment, a diffuser 1020 may be utilized to uniformly illuminate several discrete analyte regions of wells 1022 from an extended light source 1024, including but not limited to LED's and the like.
In one embodiment, custom diffractive optical elements, including but not limited to kinoforms, illustrated in FIG. 102, can modify the phase in front of a focal plane of a lends to produce a highly uniform set of spots in back of the focal plane. Diffraction is utilized to rearrange the light fields. Algorithms, including but not limited to Gerchberg-Saxton, can be used to calculate the phase of the appropriate diffractive element in order to create an arbitrary distribution at the wells. The result is computation of a phase distribution that converts a light field, such as but not limited to that of an LED, to a specific and custom light distribution by means of diffraction. It should be understood that controller or processor associated with the tissue penetrating device 1000 may include logic for performing the phase and other calculations described above.
Referring now to FIG. 103, one embodiment of a tissue penetrating device and/or an analyte detecting meter with a device that maintains image quality of the wells will now be described. In one embodiment, the wells 1030 are maintained in focus through a combination of a light source 1032, an object, viewing lens 1034 and a detector 1036. If a well is warped, or becomes warped, and out of plane, the focus of the wells is maintained irrespective of the warping by use of a specific geometry to maintain focus. This corrects for out of plane errors of the wells. The lens position may be adjustable as indicated by arrows 1038. They may be movable in vertical, horizontal, tilted or other orientation other than shown by arrows in the FIG. 103.
Referring now to FIG. 104, one embodiment of a tissue penetrating device and/or an analyte detecting meter with auto fluorescence to reduce noise will now be described. In one embodiment, the effects of light that can interfere with a reading from the wells are removed. Examples of interfering light include but are not limited to, back-scattered illumination, auto fluorescence from the sample chamber, and the like. In this embodiment, interfering light levels from representative areas of the substrate that do not contain measurement signal. This is then used to compute the corrections for reading the response from the analyte detecting members in the wells. In one embodiment, the measurement may be made by a separate detector CMOS 1040. In one embodiment, a separate source 1042 (shown in phantom) may be used and aimed at a non-well portion of the object.
Referring now to FIG. 105, one embodiment of a tissue penetrating device and/or an analyte detecting meter with a dual luminescent analyte detecting member will now be described. In one embodiment, the analyte sensing system is a dual luminescent analyte detecting system that utilizes luminescent beads 1050 of the same color with different non-overlapping lifetimes ranges for their particular analyte. A slurry is laid over a well. Different portions of the slurry can be selected to be an oxygen sensor, a glucose sensor, and the like. The slurry has all of the properties needed for one or more analytes to be detected and/or measured. In one embodiment, the sample is selectively dispersed to different parts of the slurry with separate areas as demarked by dotted line 1052. Activation is dependent on the slurry and/or what is deposited. It should be understood that triple and other luminescent detecting systems may also be used.
Referring now to FIG. 106, one embodiment of a tissue penetrating device and/or an analyte detecting meter with a star geometry of wells will now be described. In one embodiment, a plurality of wells such as but not limited to W1 to W4 are provided and are arranged with a central fluid input port 1060 for receiving a body fluid with one or more analytes. The plurality of wells W1-W4 are coupled to the common input port 1060. In one specific embodiment, the wells are arranged in a star configuration, as illustrated in FIG. 106. Use of the common input port, which can be centrally positioned relative to each well W, and/or positioned the same distance from each well, provides that fluid is evenly distributed to each well. It should be understood that other configurations such as but not limited Y, asterisk, and other as shown in FIG. 107A may also be used. These wells may be combined with any of the cartridges described herein, such as but not limited to cartridge 500. In some embodiments, more than one well is associated with each glucose test event as seen in FIG. 107B. The disc-shaped cartridge 500 may have some, none, all, or combinations of the star and other shaped wells. The embodiment of FIG. 107B is purely exemplary.
Referring now to FIG. 108, one embodiment of a tissue penetrating device and/or an analyte detecting meter with equilibrium based measurement system with multiple channels will now be described. In one embodiment, each penetrating member 1070 is housed in a channel, as illustrated in FIG. 108. A multi-arm structure as seen in FIG. 109 is positioned adjacent to the channel housing the penetrating member. An equilibrium based measurement is utilized for analyte determination. In one embodiment, the chemistries of analyte detecting members, are separated in a channel in order to ease manufacturing challenges.
By way of illustration, and without limitation, glucose oxidase can be in one channel and Ru in an adjacent one. Oxygen is depleted from the glucose oxidase and the Ru then senses the depletion of the oxygen in the body fluid. It will be appreciated that this equilibrium bases measurement method and system can be used for any number of different chemistries and analytes.
In a still further embodiment of the present invention, a tissue penetrating device and/or an analyte detecting meter with spectral encoding of well positions will now be described. In this embodiment of the present invention, one or more detectors or imagers are provided. In one embodiment, the detector is a plurality of discrete detectors.
Spectral encoding may be used in one embodiment of the invention to spectrally slice the fluorescence spectrum of multiple wells. Imaging homogenization may be used, along with complementary spectral filtering in the filter plane, to separate out the light from the wells. This makes the image position insensitive to the well positions. A processor in the device 1000 may include logic for handling the spectral encoding. A spectrofluorometer may be used to detect the signal. In one embodiment, the well may contain a plurality of beads and it may be possible to spectrally encode the beads used in wells.
In a still further embodiment of the present invention, a tissue penetrating device and/or an analyte detecting meter with cylindrical optics to reduce image position sensitivity will now be described.
In one embodiment of the present invention, cylindrical optics are included. The cylindrical optics provide an afocal imaging system such that a point image from a well associated with a sensor is transformed to a line image. The line image overfills a linear detector array in a direction that is perpendicular to a scan of the array. This desensitizes an image position relative to a radical position of the well. In some embodiments, the cylindrical optics have a longitudinal axis orthogonal to the direction of the light reflected from the object. In other embodiments, the cylindrical optics have their longitudinal axis substantially parallel to the light from the object.
In a still further embodiment of the present invention, a tissue penetrating device and/or an analyte detecting meter with detent placements will now be described. Detents may be positioned close to the penetrating members and/or the wells. The detents, or other equivalent structures, are utilized to reduce effects of position tolerances that can occur during manufacturing and alignment. These effects can be the direct result of maintaining mechanical tolerances. The detents can be utilized to hold the penetrating members in a plane of various optical components of the system.
In a still further embodiment of the present invention, a tissue penetrating device and/or an analyte detecting meter with CMOS imager for multiple well sensors will now be described.
In one embodiment, an image integrated circuit is utilized with a plurality of disconnected areas. One or more CMOS imagers are utilized. This enables circuitry to be positioned around each image patch of the sensor wells. Parallel read-outs are produced. This embodiment also provides more correction of imperfections in the wells, including but not limited to well off-set. Issues relating to use of a regular array of pixels can be resolved.
In a still further embodiment of the present invention, a tissue penetrating device and/or an analyte detecting meter with corrected importations in imager arrays for fluorescence lifetime measurement will now be described.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the performance of imager arrays, is improved for fluorescence lifetime or other optical measurements Means are provided for correcting, or adjusting, gains of individual pixels, or groups of pixels, in am imager array. The offsets can be corrected by injecting correction signals, into suitable correction circuits, using DAC's. An importation process is utilized to compute digital conversion values that are input into the DAC's. Suitable importation processes include, but are not limited, measuring offsets with no incident light, measuring gains using a fixed incident light level, and the like.
Referring now to FIG. 110, one embodiment of a tissue penetrating device and/or an analyte detecting meter with an optical imager array will now be described.
In one embodiment, the performance and multi-functionality of an optical imager array associated with the wells is improved. In one embodiment, the optical imager array is a CMOS. The optical imager can include one or more groups of pixels. By way of illustration, and without limitation, a mixture of pixel sizes and geometries for a task group is utilized. This reduces, and can minimize, the number of pixels and associated circuitry, and/or optimize the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of different pixels for different optical measurement functions for analytes in response to the analyte detecting members.
It should be understood that a variety of fluorescence lifetime measurement modalities may be used (ie pulse, phase, square wave) with any of the embodiments of the present invention. A CMOS array may have the following advantages:
It can increase the mechanical tolerances in the metering device. One implementation would be that the CMOS chip takes a full frame picture of the illuminated chemical wells, determines which pixels are looking at which wells, then proceeds to readout only the illuminated pixels. Any mechanical movement is compensated for in software. Excitation light over-flooding may be compensated for as provided by various embodiments discussed herein.
In one embodiment, a CMOS array can provide focus compensation (at the expense of collection the same amount of light from more pixels and perhaps reducing the SNR). A CMOS detector, in this nonlimiting example, can decrease cost by using 1 detector instead of 6 (assuming 6 chemical wells). A CMOS detector decreases cost by allowing integration of detectors, pre-amp, and adc on same chip. The CMOS detector can centralize dc offset and gain drift to a single point, allows for automatic adjustment of offset and gain, decreases the cost by allowing other signal processing functions on the same chip.
As a nonlimiting example, a CMOS detector may make it easy to change chemical well geometry, referencing, etc. without redesign of the optical system. This may turn out to be one of the more important advantages of using CMOS arrays. Any change in chemical well geometry with discrete detectors, will require substantial changes in the optics. With sufficient pixel density and count, the addition of more wells, changes in well geometry, or changes in well spacing could be easily handled via software changes to the processor in a device such as but not limited to that of device 1000.
A CMOS detector provides the ability to read encoded data on cartridges such as bar codes. A separate system for reading data encoded into cartridges would be needed if discrete detectors are used. The CMOS detector also has the ability to determine the start time for the measurement by looking at the fluid front.
The present invention also compensates for disadvantages of known CMOS detectors. In some CMOS detectors, frame rate may be low. Frame rate is the time it takes to sample one image, move the signal from the pixels to ADC, digitize, then process that signal if needed. Each time sample for lifetime imaging may take one frame. Generally, pixel data is read out serially and the frame rate is dominated by this serialization. In one embodiment, fluorescent lifetimes are estimated by taking many frames and averaging the signals. For a given measurement interval (say 1 second), the more frames measured, the better the SNR. In some embodiments, individual detectors may be used where the signals are read out in parallel and the effective frame rate is very fast (limited by the modulation rate of the fluorescence). Fill factor of 40% is typical with current active pixel sensors. In the present invention, 98% is attainable with specialized buried structures and 98% is attainable with linear arrays
In one embodiment of the present invention, fixed pattern noise (FPN) in detectors may be compensated for in the processor. Individual pixels have different gain and dark currents. This creates a noise signal which appears as a fixed pattern in the image. It does not always average out. Some CMOS designs, such as active column sensing, significantly reduce FPN. Compensation for FPN may also be accomplished using processor cycles. This can reduce frame rates. In addition, if the array is used to compensate for mechanical misalignment, then for a given chemical well position, different sets of pixels, with different FPN's will be used to detect signal each time the cartridge is moved.
It should be understood that over-flooding LED illumination may decrease signal levels. Compensation for misalignment may have the imaged area at the chemical well plane larger than the wells or measurement area alone. In order to see all possible positions of those chemical wells within the imaged area, all of the imaged area may be illuminated. That is, the spot of light from the LED would overfill the measurement area. Only a fraction of the illuminating photons would then go towards generating fluorescence.
In some embodiments, the frame rate is one of the primary specifications used in determining a given imaging array's applicability to measuring lifetimes. This is because frame-rate times pixel-count determines the pixel readout rate. The pixel readout rate sets the sampling rate used to estimate the fluorescent lifetime. Since multiple frames may be averaged to estimate lifetimes, the SNR will increase with increasing frame rate. The maximum frame rate is limited not only by the chip bandwidth, but also the maximum rate one can modulate Ruthenium fluorescence.
In one embodiment, to estimate a fluorescence lifetime, several samples or frames of the fluorescent signal may be taken at differing times. This does not include averaging used to achieve a certain SNR. For example, the number of frames required for phase and square wave modes are:
(1) for phase, assuming quadrature sampling=4 frames per modulation period (2 minimum, 4 needed to remove dc term)
(2) for square wave modulation=2 to 4 frames per modulation period (2 minimum, more needed to remove dc term)
(3) Assuming one sample per frame, the Ruthenium lifetime provides a fundamental limit to the frame rate one needs. Minimum Ruthenium lifetimes are approximately t=2 usec, implying maximum modulation rates f of:
phase : f 1 2 πτ = 80 khz square wave : f 1 6 τ = 83 khz ( assuming 3 τ to decay )
In one embodiment of the present invention, 10 nanowatts of fluorescence emission power was seen at the detector plane from a single chemical well of 200×200 microns. This gives a fluorescence emission intensity: I=250 milliwatts/meter2 (at the detector plane). Optical magnification was equal to 1, actual chemical well dimension was about 100×100 micron. The emission wavelength for this embodiment was approximately 650 nm. Each frame comprises one component of a multi-component lifetime determination. For example for phase: one frame for I, then one frame for Q; or for pulse excitation: one frame for the integral of the first half of the fluorescence decay, and one frame for the second half. All SNR estimates are for the one of these components (e.g. I or Q, ect.). The SNR for the estimate of τ will be different. See section B. Ruthenium lifetime=2 usec, sample integration time=2 usec, max excitation modulation rate=80 Khz (limited by Ru response time). Read noise scales as square root of pixel area (due to KTC noise):
1. Averaging multiple frames improves the SNR by √{square root over (number of frames)}
2.
SNR / well = ( SNR / pixel ) A well A pix
where
Awell≡area of the image of the chemical well at the detector plane
Apix≡area of a single pixel
It was determined that source leakage (that is light from the excitation signal directly reaching the detector) was not an issue for square wave or pulse method.
Software may allow the detector to be driven in three modes such as but not limited to: pulse, phase, or amplitude. The frame rate, pixel rate, number of pixels, integration time, and sampling parameters for each of the measurement modes is changeable by the user. Timing diagrams for the three modes of operation are shown in Appendix C.
In one embodiment of the present invention, a circuit was designed and built which simulates Ruthenium fluorescence. In one embodiment, it can generate fluorescence decay profiles similar to that seen by either pulsed or sinusoidal excitation. For pulse excitation, a TTL input pulse is put through a first order exponential filter which then drives an LED, giving a light output with a first order exponential decay. The lifetime is adjustable from 2 to 5 microseconds. A red 650 nm LED is used to simulated Ruthenium emission fluorescence. For sinusoidal excitation, a second input accepts continuous TTL pulse trains of frequency equivalent to a sinusoidal excitation one would use in a phase type system. The output is a sinusoidal emission which is phase shifted by a first order exponential function. The circuit is shown in Appendix D.
Referring now to FIG. 110, a block diagram of one embodiment of the optical system is shown. In this particular embodiment, it comprise a red LED (650 nm), whose light is passed through a 100 micron pinhole. Light emanating from the pinhole is imaged via an afocal lens arrangement using two achromatic doublets. The space between the lenses was used to temporarily steer the beam for power measurements. Power from the pinhole was adjusted so that its image at the detector plane was approximately 2 nanowatts (peak). The pinhole is imaged onto the linear array with a magnification of 1:1. The array is mounted to an xy stage for fine tuning its position relative to the pinhole image. All beampaths were kept in light tight black anodized 1″ diameter tubing (Thor Labs).
Processing may be done on or off chip. The time slices may be generated to select out the required time samples of the fluorescent signal. These time slices may be taken as fast as possible to maximize SNR. The resultant high bandwidths have two major implications: First, the electronics, both on chip and off chip will require an added level of care and simulation in order to function properly with minimal excess noise impact. Second, the power consumption of this device and its associated ADC and signal processing could be significant. This should be kept in mind when designing the battery operated handheld version.
In another embodiment of the present invention, a tissue penetrating device and/or an analyte detecting meter with improved storage stability will now be described. In this embodiment, penetrating members and their associated sample chambers are in a controlled environment during storage. A resealable septum, or other suitable device, is provided for the penetrating members, penetrating members and their associated sample chambers with analyte detecting members. The resealable septum can be utilized with multiple tissue penetrating members, and their associated multiple sample chambers with analyte detecting members. This improves the pre-use shelf-life and post-use storage.
The chemistry of the materials used for fluorescence detection of analytes will now be described.
Referring now to FIG. 111, a tissue penetrating device and/or an analyte detecting meter with single step deposition analyte detecting members will now be described. In one embodiment, a single step process is utilized to place the analyte detecting members in each well 1100. This simplifies the manufacturing steps for deposition of the different chemistries that make up the analyte detecting member.
As a nonlimiting example, the analyte detecting member may be a sensor layer of a single material that is deposited in one step. The sensor layer is a combination of everything that is deposited in a well 1100. This is achieved by forming an emulsion of a Ru sensing phase within a group of oxidase sensing materials. This emulsion is then deposited as a single step on the surface of the structure that houses all of the wells. A plurality of separators 1104 may be attached to the substrate 1106 as indicated by arrows 1108 to keep fluid from one area from flowing to wells in another area. In one embodiment, the separators 1104 may connected to have a hub-and-spoke configuration.
In another embodiment of the present invention, a tissue penetrating device and/or an analyte detecting meter with multi-analyte sensing will now be described. It should be understood that any of the compounds described herein may be adapted for use with a cartridge 500 or with the embodiments show in FIGS. 89-96. In this embodiment, the analyte detecting members in the wells detect and/or measure multiple analytes. An emulsion based analyte detecting member is provided. The inside of the analyte detecting member includes an oxygen sensor and is surrounded by an enzyme. In one embodiment, a glucose detecting member can be created with an emulsion of beads. For a multi-analyte sensor, the dispersed elements are segregated so that one bead has one enzyme, and another bead has a different enzyme. In place of the beads, multi-phase emulsions can be utilized.
For other embodiments, the possible embodiments of the emulsion include 1) Use of emulsifiers with liquid silicone/hydrogel system, 2) Use of emulsifiers with x-linked silicone/hydrogel system, 4) Siloxane sol-gel/hydrogel system, and 5) Solid-supported O2 sensor/hydrogel. Candidate supports include silicas and zeolites. In one embodiment, hydrophile-lipophile balance (HLB) considerations are used to select candidate emulsifiers. Using simple, lab-available mixer, series of emulsions and dispersions varying, relative ratios of silicone/hydrogel, amount of emulsifier or dispersant, technique of addition (e.g. silicone/water pre-emulsion or direct emulsification into hydrogel solution), extent and degree of mixing, etc. are prepared.
The advantages of an emulsion system are its one-step application of the polymer system and an expectation that the increased interfacial area it provides will be desirable to achieve adequate signal sensitivity as the size of the polymer sensor system is progressively reduced. Interestingly, there is a hint that this dispersed configuration might be better than a two-layer configuration. O. S. Wolfbeis, I. Oehme, N. Papkovskaya and I. Klimant, Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 15, 69 (2000), provide a little limited data suggesting the dispersed approach gives longer operational stability (longer lifetime of product) than a two-layer approach.
On aspect of the present invention comprises identifying emulsifier candidates. In one embodiment, the desired HLB for polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) silicone oil is 9-11. Paraffinic mineral oil has a similar required HLB of 10, more polar fluids have higher required HLBs (e.g. toluene is 15). This similar desired HLB for PDMS and aliphatic hydrocarbons is the reason why conventional hydrocarbon emulsifiers developed for hydrocarbon-in-water emulsions work well for silicone-in-water emulsions. The principal intermolecular interactions between PDMS molecules are the London forces between the methyl groups. The more polar siloxane backbone is shielded by the pendent methyl groups and has minor impact, causing the silicone to behave much like an aliphatic hydrocarbon in this respect. Consequently, it is not necessary to use silicone-based emulsifiers. Although they are available they are more expensive and can be obtained only in a more restricted range of HLBs than organic emulsifiers. The starting point for obtaining good emulsions is to match the required HLB of the oil to the HLB number of the emulsifier. Often two or more emulsifiers with a net average HLB of the required value is better than a single emulsifier. The conventional explanation of this is that the lower HLB component will usually be of smaller size and is likely to depress the interfacial tension more rapidly thereby aiding in emulsion formation. The higher HLB component will be bulkier and can bring steric repulsion factors that contribute to emulsion stability. The likelihood that a variety of low HLB/high HLB combinations will be tried is a good reason to focus on organic emulsifiers first and move to silicone-based emulsifiers only if the research direction requires it.
In one embodiment, TERGITOL TMN series of emulsifiers produced by Union Carbide Corporation (now a part of Dow Chemical) are used. They are the only line of organic emulsifiers specifically marketed as silicone-in-water emulsifiers. They are based on the trimethylnonyl hydrophobe (hence the TMN designation) and the poly(ethylene oxide) (EO) hydrophile. Their structure is (CH3)3C(CH2)8(EO)n. TMN-6 (n=6) has HLB 11.7. TMN-3 (HLB 8.1) and TMN-10 (HLB 16.1) are also available. Various mixtures will be tried starting with 50/25/25 TMN-6/TMN-3/TMN-10.
The well-known SPANS (sorbitan fatty acid esters) and TWEENS (ethoxylated adducts) are widely used in the pharmaceutical industry and known to be useful in emulsifying silicones, see, for example, German patent DE 19844262, Mar. 30, 2000 assigned to Beirsdorf A G or D-Y. Lee, C-N. Jung, K-D. Su, H-K. Choi and Y-H. Park, Kongop. Hwahak. 6, 1124 (1995). Several companies, including ICI, produce these materials under the SPAN, TWEEN and other trade names (e.g. ICI's ARLACEL). For example, TWEEN 85 is an ethoxylate sorbitan trioleate with a total of 21 ethylene oxide units and an HLB of 11.0. Many combinations for achieving this value are also possible. A TWEEN 60/SPAN 60 mixture will be amongst those tried initially. TWEEN 60 is POE (20) sorbitan monostearate with HLB 14.9; SPAN 60 is unethoxylated sorbitan monostearate with HLB 4.7. One attraction of these sorbitan-based emulsifiers is their compatibility with proteins (hence their pharmaceutical use) however, compatibility with the glucose oxidase chemistry might be an issue.
Alkylphenyl ethoxylates, e.g. the NONOXYNOLS based on nonylphenoxy(EO)n and OCTOXYNOLS based on octylphenoxy have also been used to stabilize silicone emulsions. For example, a mixture of OCTOXYNOL-3 (n=3), HLB 8, and OCTOXYNOL-13 (n=13) is used in a Dow Corning patent, JP 61230734, Oct. 15, 1986. See also B. A. Saadevandi and J. L. Zakin, Chem. Eng. Comm. 156, 227 (1997) where NONOXYNOL-6 of HLB 10.8 is used, supplied by Rhodia under the trade name IGEPAL CO-530.30.
Note also that there are a number of silicone-polyether surfactants with HLBs in the 9 to 11 range. These include materials from GE, Th. Goldschmidt AG, and Dow Corning. However, most silicone-based emulsifiers are of much lower HLB and formulated as water-in-oil (inverse) emulsifiers and specialty wetting agents.
Based on the above, HEMA partitioned into trimethylsilylmethylmethacrylate in all cases within the examined range of water content. HEMA also partitioned into water in all combinations with acryloxypropyltris-(trimethylsiloxy)silane within the examined range of water content. However, this silane does not dissolve the Ru-complex.
HEMA also partitioned into water in all combinations with methacryloxypropyl-pentamethyldisiloxane and within the examined range of water content. However, trace amount of HEMA were also found in the siloxane monomer phase, and this amount did not seem to be water/HEMA content dependent. Importantly, Ru-complex is soluble in this disiloxane and for this reason it is presently the monomer of choice for emulsification studies with HEMA and water.
Additionally, seven different silicon-containing hydrophobic monomers and some dual mixtures of these monomers were evaluated for Ru complex solubility, ability to form emulsions, emulsion stability, and sensor properties of the resulting emulsions. Several different preparative procedures were developed (FIG. 1) and evaluated and the preferred hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) for each monomer and/or monomer mixture was determined (see FIG. 2). Emulsions containing UV sensitive initiators, Ru complex sensor and glucose oxidase (GOX) were made with hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and poly-(ethylene glycol)methacrylate/poly(ethylene glycol)dimethacrylate (PEGMA/PEGDA). Over a dozen of these emulsions had stabilities ranging from 24 hours to several days. An example of a typical stable emulsion is shown in FIG. 3.
Formulation: Hydrophobic phase:hydrophilic phase=1:2 (v/v); In hydrophobic phase; Monomer 5:Monomer 1=4:1 (w/w); Surfactant: 1 wt. % of total monomers, Tergitol 15-S series (as indicated in the insert) with various HLB values; Excluded: GOX, Ru complex, benzoin ethyl ether (BEE) initiator.
Orange samples: Examples of stable emulsions containing Monomer 5, BEE, Ru complex, PEGDA, PEGMA, water, GOX and emulsifier Tergitol-15-S-15. Milky white samples: examples of separated unstable emulsion (these samples did not contain Ru complex). It should be understood that emulsions based on mixtures of Monomers 5 and 1 have shown improved sensor properties over the layer coating approach
Of the stable emulsions prepared, some of the best combinations of desired properties were obtained from those containing 4:1 (w/w) mixtures of 1,3-bis(3-methacryloxypro-pyl)tetramethyldisiloxane (Monomer 5) and trimethylsilylmethylmethacrylate (Monomer 1) in the hydrophobioc phase. These emulsions were prepared with various GOX concentrations (ranging from 1 to 21 mg/mL) and phase ratios (ranging from 1:1.5 to 1:4 hydrophobic:hydrophilic phase). Test results indicated the following improvements over the layered coating approach, including but not limited to, better reproducibility from well to well, significantly higher fluorescence intensity that may enable size reduction of the 2nd generation sensors to only 1/20 of the size of the 1st generation, improved mechanical robustness of emulsion coatings compared to hydrogel layers which significantly reduces or completely avoids leakage of GOX; and high GOX formulations showed very fast responses (less than 10 seconds).
One favorable emulsion formulation is an emulsion containing 1:2 (v/v) hydrophobic/hydrophilic phases, 4:1 (w/w) Monomer 5:Monomer 1 mixture for the hydrophobic phase and 1 mg/mL GOX content in the hydrophilic phase.
The obtained results confirm that emulsion approach offers better reproducibility, faster responsiveness and a higher signal output than the layer approach, but the dynamic range of florescence-life-time (FLT) can be improved. It will be possible to overcome this deficiency, which is a property of the hydrophobic monomer(s) used, by utilizing new, tailor-made monomers.
Even emulsions from the most-difficult-to-emulsify Monomer 1 can now be made adequately stable with life-times between 22 and 24 hours. Monomer 1 represented a problem from the beginning of this work: while it has very desirable oxygen quench properties, it is also very difficult to emulsify. This monomer's emulsions, however, can remain stable for at least 22 hours by using the phase inversion emulsification technique. For this reason, the phase inversion approach can be combined with utilization of mixed surfactants with higher and lower HLB values. This will prolong the life-time of Monomer 1 emulsions to as much as 3 days.
It should be understood that in some embodiments, emulsion formulations may be crosslinked. An emulsion curing approach has been developed using benzoin ethyl ether (BEE) a UV sensitive free radical initiator in the hydrophobic phase, and water-soluble (2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenyl acetophenone (Irgacure 651) in the hydrophilic phase. Upon exposure to UV light, these initiators effectively crosslink (cure) emulsions in an adequately short time (minutes).
Some nonlimiting examples of monomers that show better combinations of Ru complex solubility, oxygen quenching, emulsion lifetime stability, and synthetic reproducibility include but are not limited to: 1) End-capping one methacrylate end of Monomer 5 with SiR3 groups in order to improve its FLT dynamic range (i.e. oxygen quench property) while retaining highly favorable emulsification ability:
Figure US08574895-20131105-C00001

2) preparing an analog of Monomer 1, such as CH2═CMeCOOCH(SiMe3)2 to improve emulsification ability while retaining good oxygen quench properties of Monomer 1:
Figure US08574895-20131105-C00002
While remaining within the realm of micro-emulsions, the hydrophilic to hydrophobic phase ratio can be increased while retaining very good film robustness even without chemical crosslinking of the phases. This can be achieved by utilizing hydrophilic-hydrophobic block copolymers where mechanical integrity is provided by physical crosslinks between the constitutive blocks resulting from their microphase separation. Appropriate selection of the respective blocks may provide systems that can successfully contain well above 80% (w) water.
In one embodiment of the present invention, a tissue penetrating device and/or an analyte detecting meter with high sensitivity optical biosensor will now be described.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the natural pyrolloquiniline quinone (PQQ) containing enzyme is isolated from, by way of example, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus or preferably the more stable form obtained by cloning into Esherichia coli, and is used in conjunction with an autooxidisable electron acceptor. Suitable autooxidisable electron acceptors include but are not limited to phenazine methosulphate (PMS) or phenazine ethosulphate (PES). The combination produces a biochemical system which consumes oxygen in the presence of glucose. This is converted into the analyte detecting member by combining the system with an optical oxygen sensor that is based on fluorescence. The advantage is much higher turnover than alternatives, including but not limited to glucose oxidase (approximately 100 fold), and lower molecular weight. This facilitates smaller sensing areas in a miniaturized array type of device with higher sensitivity at low concentrations of glucose. In another embodiment, sensitive is further enhanced by adding a second enzyme, such as glucose oxidase, to recycle the products of GDH.
The present invention provides an analyte detecting member, that includes PQQ GDF or other PQQ enzymes in combination with an electron acceptor, which readily reacts with oxygen, immobilized in the vicinity of an optical (fluorescence-based) oxygen sensing system to form an optical biosensor where the PQQ enzyme's substrate is the analyte.
In one embodiment of the present invention, a method of creating virtual multi-sensors for a tissue penetrating system will now be described.
In one embodiment of the present invention, a single analyte detecting member is utilized. The chemistry is varied within each analyte detecting member. In one embodiment, a gradient is utilized for each analyte detecting member in a well. A continual gradient is created across the analyte detecting member, which increases the dynamic range of the analyte detecting member. By way of illustration, and without limitation, two separate drops of different concentrations are deposited into a well. As they diffuse, a gradient is created. In another embodiment, a gel is deposited in a well. A solution is then deposited, with the gel creating the gradient.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, a method of manufacturing analyte detecting members of a tissue penetrating system will now be described.
In one embodiment, a platform is provided with multiple micro-channels. The platform is positioned above and in contact with the structure that contains the wells which will house the analyte detecting member. A liquid form of chemistry, to be immobilized in the wells, is introduced from the micro-channels into the wells. The platform is then removed. The top of the wells is scraped away, in order to level the amount of analyte detecting member in each well.
In one embodiment of the present invention, a method of sterilizing penetrating members of a tissue penetrating system will now be described.
In one embodiment the penetrating members and the analyte detecting members in the wells are sterilized at the same time. Gamma is used in combination with chemical treatments. In another embodiment, chemical treatments are used with the gamma. Examples of chemical treatments include but are not limited to glutaraldehyde, alcohol, peroxide, and the like.
Referring now to FIG. 112, a tissue penetrating device and/or an analyte detecting meter with solid microbeads 1120 in analyte detecting members will now be described.
In one embodiment, analyte detecting member is in the form of a micro-bead. The use of micro-beads eases manufacturing challenges. By way of illustration, and without limitation, a Ru bead can be coated with glucose oxidase. The handling of the chemistries is simplified to minimize wetting issues that can occur with the wells 1122. Use of the micro-beads also removes the need for highly controlled volume deposition when the analyte detecting member is integrated with the wells.
Referring now to FIG. 113, one embodiment of a method for manufacturing micro-array analyte detecting members will now be described. In one embodiment of the present invention, a process is provided for manufacturing an analyte detecting member array with a plurality of analyte detecting members, analyte detecting members. Each analyte detecting member can assess different parameters of interest and can require a plurality of chemistry layers. It should be understood that these method steps may be adapted for use in manufacturing a disc-shaped cartridge 500 or any of the cartridges described herein.
As seen in FIG. 113, with one embodiment of the method of the present invention, precise deposition of chemistries onto a reaction platform is not required. With the present invention, the method entails three major steps: (1) the manufacturing of reaction platform components that include channels and wells; (2) the deposition of analyte detecting member chemistries in a liquid phase; and (3) the assembly of platform components. These steps are distinct to minimize manufacturing complexity; e.g., the platform components can be manufactured at one location and then brought to a different location for the chemistry deposition step, with minimal transit between locations.
The reaction platform components may be designed in a manner that allows the analyte detecting member chemistries to be deposited in excess onto certain platform components. Specifically at Step 1, certain platform components include wells 1130, as well as potentially “inverse wells” and holes that expose features of other platform components that are layered on top of these platform components. Other platform components include channels, as well as potentially holes that when aligned with the inverse wells of other platform components effectively become wells themselves. Emulsion or other material are deposited in Step 2. The wells and effective wells created from inverse wells are designed so that that platform material between the analyte detecting member and the detector may be of the same thickness. The method of the present invention desires that the detector have a depth of field that is adequate for the difference in distance between the wells and the effective wells created from the inverse wells. The analyte detecting member chemistry that does not rest in the wells is scraped away from the platform at Step 3. The analyte detecting member chemistry is then set at Step 4, resulting in a solid or semi-solid phase. Step 5 shows that a top layer may be added to provide microfluidics to guide fluid to the wells 1130.
Referring now to FIG. 114, if the analyte detecting member chemistry desires the deposition of multiple layers of chemistries, subsequent layers can be deposited on the same platform components using the same scraping method if the earlier analyte detecting member chemistries volume becomes adequately reduced during the setting process as seen in Steps 6 and 7. Analyte detecting members sometimes desires layers of chemistries to organize certain chemistries into appropriate environment, such as hydrophilic environment for missing a liquid sample with certain chemistries and a hydrophobic environment for separating molecules in a gas phase from a liquid sample. Alternatively, another platform component may be assembled on top of the platform component onto which the earlier analyte detecting member chemistry had been deposited. This new platform component will have holes positioned such that when it is assembled with the earlier platform it effectively extends the depth of the wells, and the next layer of chemistries may therefore be deposited into the newly extended wells using the scraping method.
Referring now to FIG. 115, if it is desired to have analyte detecting members in an array that differ in their chemistries, all the analyte detecting members of one kind can be deposited onto a single platform component using the scraping method, and all of the analyte detecting members of other kinds can be deposited onto other platform components also using the scraping methods. Analyte detecting members comprised of different chemistries may be useful to calibrate other analyte detecting members, to assess the presence of substances that are known to interfere with other chemistries, and/or to have analyte detecting members that are tuned to specific ranges of concentration of a particular analyte. These platform components may be assembled adjacent to one another or on top of one another by lining up the wells in the upper platform components with holes in the lower components. FIG. 115 show the steps of one method for manufacturing multiple wells 1150 and 1152 on multiple levels. Microfluidic channels 1154 and 1156 may be formed in the layers to guide fluid the associated wells 1150 and 1152.
In another embodiment of the present invention, improved emulsion systems are described. One problems imagined was a possible difficulty with water loss from the continuous hydrophilic phase. In one embodiment, a block copolymer of hydrophobic and hydrophilic polymers such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) may be used. The technical field relates to block copolymers. The idea is based on the common, mutual insolubility of different polymers. If covalently bonded together they phase separate into domains. If an ABA type polymer or (AB)n polymer is used where A is the hydrophobic PDMS chain and B is the hydrophilic PEO chain, one A segment might be in one separated hydrophobic domain and the other A segment might be in another hydrophobic domain or droplet. Thus the hydrophobic domains might be chained together (held at their ends by covalent bonds with the hydrophilic chains, yet separated and unable to coalesce because of the mutual insolubility of PEO and PDMS chains. In some embodiments, a cross-linking of the PEO chains with each other may be desirable.
The present embodiments of the invention envisions block copolymers of hydrophobic, oxygen permeable, Ru complex soluble, polymers such as PDMS with hydrophilic, water-soluble, GOX compatible, polymers such as PEO or polyacrylamide. Additional cross-linking in the hydrophilic phase may be desirable in the presence of water or blood as well.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, improved emulsion systems are provided that make an emulsion particle size sufficiently small that it is geometrically impossible for a GOX molecule to fit inside it. One embodiment of the invention comprises a microemulsion of our preferred hydrophobic and hydrophilic phases.
The technical field relates to the field of so-called microemulsions. Ordinary emulsions are, in fact, dispersions on the micro-scale. Microemulsions are dispersions on the nano-scale. Thus a particle size in the 10 to 50 nm range, which is possible for certain microemulsions, could ensure that GOX molecules are excluded (assuming GOX is a typical, large protein of at least 100 nm in size).
Microemulsions are thermodynamically stable isotropic solutions containing hydrophobic oils, water and emulsifiers. In one embodiment, our hydrophobic oil is a silicone acrylate and contains Ru complex. Our water contains GOX and hydrogel materials. Nothing is known about how these extra additives will affect micremulsifiability. Several structural types of microemulsion are possible: nanodroplets, cylindrical structure, and bicontinuous. I suspect the nanodroplet type would be best for us as it minimizes the interfacial area which will already be very large (minimum area means minimum possibility of Brownian motion fluctuations causing GOX/Ru complex collisions and interaction). Certainly the bicontinuous arrangement where the two phases form interpenetrating networks separated by a layer of emulsifier would be the least desirable as it seems more a recipe for keeping the phases adjacent to each other than keeping them apart).
Phase diagrams were constructed at various compositions of emulsifier surfactant, hydrophilic phase and hydrophobic phase. Since much smaller dispersion sizes require much greater amounts of emulsifier, it is desirable to have an emulsifier concentration at least 10× higher than the 1-2% region currently utilized for our conventional, macroemulsions. Compositions in the 20 to 45% emulsifier region may be prepared. The one property of microemulsions that we can most easily exploit is their transparency which results from their particle size being significantly less than the wavelength of light. Thus it is possible to make a variety of compositions and map out the phase diagram area between transparency and opaqueness. Microemulsions are thermodynamically stable and should not separate into two phases at all. Monitoring of this type of stability as we already do for our conventional emulsions will also be a useful indicator.
Referring now to FIG. 117, a still further embodiment of the present invention shows a disc-shaped cartridge 1170 and an analyte detecting member cartridge 1172. The cartridge 1172 may have electrochemical detecting members or optical-based detecting members. The members may be on the top side or the bottom side of the cartridge 1172. In one embodiment, a user may lance themselves via a penetrating member from the cartridge 1170. A user may then place the blood onto the detecting member on cartridge 1172. Both cartridge may fit into a device substantially similar to that of device 1000.
With any of the embodiments herein, fluid channels leading to the analyte detecting members may be configured to hold at least about 1.5 μl, 1.4 μl, 1.3 μl, 1.2 μl, 1.1 μl, 1.0 μl, 0.9 μl, 0.8 μl, 0.7 μl, 0.6 μl, 0.5 μl, 0.4 μl, 0.3 μl, 0.2 μl, 0.1 μl, 0.05 μl, or 0.01 μl. As another nonlimiting example, the fluid channels may also be viewed as holding no more than about 1.5 μl, 1.4 μl, 1.3 μl, 1.2 μl, 1.1 μl, 1.0 μl, 0.9 μl, 0.8 μl, 0.7 μl, 0.6 μl, 0.5 μl, 0.4 μl, 0.3 μl, 0.2 μl, 0.1 μl, 0.05 μl, or 0.01 μl, prior to the fluid entering the area 1130. In a still further embodiment, the chamber with the analyte detecting member may hold about 1.5 μl, 1.4 μl, 1.3 μl, 1.2 μl, 1.1 μl, 1.0 μl, 0.9 μl, 0.8 μl, 0.7 μl, 0.6 μl, 0.5 μl, 0.4 μl, 0.3 μl, 0.2 μl, 0.1 μl, 0.05 μl, or 0.01 μl. In some embodiments, the area 1130 is designed to hold a volume slightly less than the amount of that can be held in the channel prior to the fluid reaching the chamber.
As a nonlimiting example, the analyte detecting member used in the present embodiment can provide its analysis using no more than about 1.0 μl, 0.9 μl, 0.8 μl, 0.7 μl, 0.6 μl, 0.5 μl, 0.4 μl, 0.3 μl, 0.2 μl, 0.1 μl, 0.05 μl, or 0.01 μl of fluid. In some embodiments, the amount of fluid used by all analyte members associated with each sample chamber 1150 can provide its analysis using no more than about 1.0 μl, 0.9 μl, 0.8 μl, 0.7 μl, 0.6 μl, 0.5 μl, 0.4 μl, 0.3 μl, 0.2 μl, 0.1 μl, 0.05 μl, or 0.01 μl of fluid.
While the invention has been described and illustrated with reference to certain particular embodiments thereof, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various adaptations, changes, modifications, substitutions, deletions, or additions of procedures and protocols may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. For example, with any of the above embodiments, the location of the penetrating member drive device may be varied, relative to the penetrating members or the cartridge. With any of the above embodiments, the penetrating member tips may be uncovered during actuation (i.e. penetrating members do not pierce the penetrating member enclosure or protective foil during launch). With any of the above embodiments, the penetrating members may be a bare penetrating member during launch. With any of the above embodiments, the penetrating members may be bare penetrating members prior to launch as this may allow for significantly tighter densities of penetrating members. In some embodiments, the penetrating members may be bent, curved, textured, shaped, or otherwise treated at a proximal end or area to facilitate handling by an actuator. The penetrating member may be configured to have a notch or groove to facilitate coupling to a gripper. The notch or groove may be formed along an elongate portion of the penetrating member. With any of the above embodiments, the cavity may be on the bottom or the top of the cartridge, with the gripper on the other side. In some embodiments, analyte detecting members may be printed on the top, bottom, or side of the cavities. The front end of the cartridge may be in contact with a user during lancing. The same driver may be used for advancing and retraction of the penetrating member. The penetrating member may have a diameters and length suitable for obtaining the blood volumes described herein. The penetrating member driver may also be in substantially the same plane as the cartridge. The driver may use a through hole or other opening to engage a proximal end of a penetrating member to actuate the penetrating member along a path into and out of the tissue.
Any of the features described in this application or any reference disclosed herein may be adapted for use with any embodiment of the present invention. For example, the devices of the present invention may also be combined for use with injection penetrating members or needles as described in commonly assigned, copending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/127,395 filed Apr. 19, 2002. An analyte detecting member to detect the presence of foil may also be included in the lancing apparatus. For example, if a cavity has been used before, the foil or sterility barrier will be punched. The analyte detecting member can detect if the cavity is fresh or not based on the status of the barrier. It should be understood that in optional embodiments, the sterility barrier may be designed to pierce a sterility barrier of thickness that does not dull a tip of the penetrating member. The lancing apparatus may also use improved drive mechanisms. For example, a solenoid force generator may be improved to try to increase the amount of force the solenoid can generate for a given current. A solenoid for use with the present invention may have five coils and in the present embodiment the slug is roughly the size of two coils. One change is to increase the thickness of the outer metal shell or windings surround the coils. By increasing the thickness, the flux will also be increased. The slug may be split; two smaller slugs may also be used and offset by ½ of a coil pitch. This allows more slugs to be approaching a coil where it could be accelerated. This creates more events where a slug is approaching a coil, creating a more efficient system.
In another optional alternative embodiment, a gripper in the inner end of the protective cavity may hold the penetrating member during shipment and after use, eliminating the feature of using the foil, protective end, or other part to retain the used penetrating member. Some other advantages of the disclosed embodiments and features of additional embodiments include: same mechanism for transferring the used penetrating members to a storage area; a high number of penetrating members such as but not limited to 25, 50, 75, 100, 500, or more penetrating members may be put on a disk or cartridge; molded body about a lancet becomes unnecessary; manufacturing of multiple penetrating member devices is simplified through the use of cartridges; handling is possible of bare rods metal wires, without any additional structural features, to actuate them into tissue; maintaining extreme (better than 50 micron—lateral—and better than 20 micron vertical) precision in guiding; and storage system for new and used penetrating members, with individual cavities/slots is provided. The housing of the lancing device may also be sized to be ergonomically pleasing. In one embodiment, the device has a width of about 56 mm, a length of about 105 mm and a thickness of about 15 mm. Additionally, some embodiments of the present invention may be used with non-electrical force generators or drive mechanism. For example, the punch device and methods for releasing the penetrating members from sterile enclosures could be adapted for use with spring based launchers. The gripper using a frictional coupling may also be adapted for use with other drive technologies.
Still further optional features may be included with the present invention. For example, with any of the above embodiments, the location of the penetrating member drive device may be varied, relative to the penetrating members or the cartridge. With any of the above embodiments, the penetrating member tips may be uncovered during actuation (i.e. penetrating members do not pierce the penetrating member enclosure or protective foil during launch). The penetrating members may be a bare penetrating member during launch. The same driver may be used for advancing and retraction of the penetrating member. Different analyte detecting members detecting different ranges of glucose concentration, different analytes, or the like may be combined for use with each penetrating member. Non-potentiometric measurement techniques may also be used for analyte detection. For example, direct electron transfer of glucose oxidase molecules adsorbed onto carbon nanotube powder microelectrode may be used to measure glucose levels. In some embodiments, the analyte detecting members may formed to flush with the cartridge so that a “well” is not formed. In some other embodiments, the analyte detecting members may formed to be substantially flush (within 200 microns or 100 microns) with the cartridge surfaces. In all methods, nanoscopic wire growth can be carried out via chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or other vapor deposition. In all of the embodiments of the invention, nanoscopic wires may be nanotubes. Any method useful for depositing a glucose oxidase or other analyte detection material on a nanowire or nanotube may be used with the present invention. Additionally, for some embodiments, any of the cartridge shown above may be configured without any of the penetrating members, so that the cartridge is simply an analyte detecting device. Still further, the indexing of the cartridge may be such that adjacent cavities may not necessarily be used serially or sequentially. As a nonlimiting example, every second cavity may be used sequentially, which means that the cartridge will go through two rotations before every or substantially all of the cavities are used. As another nonlimiting example, a cavity that is 3 cavities away, 4 cavities away, or N cavities away may be the next one used. This may allow for greater separation between cavities containing penetrating members that were just used and a fresh penetrating member to be used next. It should be understood that nanowires may be used with any embodiment of the cartridges described herein. The size and diameters of the radial cartridges described herein may also vary and are not limited to the sizes shown herein.
In some embodiments, in analyzing fluorescence lift times, frame rates in detectors are slow because of the time it takes to serialize many pixels, thus it is desirable to minimize the number of pixels. It may be desirable to select sub-arrays within the chip which have areas of interest (such as a chemical well fluorescent image). Parallel binning may also be desirable as it involves combining the charge on pixels before reading. This lowers the effective number of pixels to be read. These improvements may be achieved through the use of improved processors in a device similar to that of device 1000.
This application cross-references commonly assigned copending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/323,622 filed Dec. 18, 2002; commonly assigned copending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/323/623 filed Dec. 18, 2002; and commonly assigned copending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/324,053 filed Dec. 18, 2002. The present application is related to commonly assigned, co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. Nos. 10/335,215; 10/335,258; 10/335,099; 10/335,219; 10/335,052; 10/335,073; 10/335,220; 10/335,252; 10/335,218; 10/335,211; 10/335,257; 10/335,217; 10/335,212; 10/335,241; 10/335,183; 10/335,082; 10/335,240; 10/335,259; 10/335,182; filed Dec. 31, 2002. This application is related to commonly assigned, copending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/127,395 filed Apr. 19, 2002 and commonly assigned, copending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/237,261 filed Sep. 5, 2002. All applications listed above are fully incorporated herein by reference for all purposes. The publications discussed or cited herein are provided solely for their disclosure prior to the filing date of the present application. Nothing herein is to be construed as an admission that the present invention is not entitled to antedate such publication by virtue of prior invention. Further, the dates of publication provided may be different from the actual publication dates which may need to be independently confirmed. All publications mentioned herein are incorporated herein by reference to disclose and describe the structures and/or methods in connection with which the publications are cited.
Expected variations or differences in the results are contemplated in accordance with the objects and practices of the present invention. It is intended, therefore, that the invention be defined by the scope of the claims which follow and that such claims be interpreted as broadly as is reasonable.

Claims (9)

What is claimed is:
1. A device for use in a metering device for measuring analyte levels in a sample fluid, said device comprising:
a housing
a controllable electronic driver;
a plurality of penetrating members;
a cartridge;
a plurality of analyte detecting members positioned in the cartridge and each of an analyte detecting member being associated with a penetrating member, each of said detecting member providing an indicator of analyte levels in said sample fluid, wherein the analyte detecting member comprises natural pyrolloquiniline quinone (PQQ) and used in conjunction with an autooxidisable electron acceptor:
a processor in communication with at least one of the plurality of detecting members, the processor configured to provide for compensation of fixed pattern noise in the at least one of the plurality of detectors and reduce frame rates, with different fixed pattern noise to detect signals from different analyte detecting members;
the cartridge housing the plurality of penetrating members and analyte detecting members; and
a cartridge advancement device coupled to the cartridge in the housing and in operation configured to move the cartridge through an angle equal to an angular spacing from a centerline of one of the penetrating members to a centerline of an adjacent penetrating member.
2. A device for use in a metering device for measuring analyte levels in a sample fluid, said device comprising:
a housing
a controllable electronic driver;
a plurality of penetrating members;
a cartridge;
a plurality of analyte detecting members mounted on said cartridge, each of said detecting members providing an indicator of analyte levels in said sample fluid, wherein the analyte detecting member comprises natural pyrolloquiniline quinone (PQQ) and used in conjunction with an autooxidisable electron acceptor such as phenazine methosulphate (PMS) or phenazine ethosulphate (PES);
a processor in communication with the plurality of detecting members, the processor configured to provide for compensation of fixed pattern noise in the at least one of the plurality of detectors and reduce frame rates, with different fixed pattern noise to detect signals from different ones of the analyte detecting members;
the cartridge housing the plurality of penetrating members and analyte detecting members; and
a cartridge advancement device coupled to the cartridge in the housing and in operation configured to move the cartridge through an angle equal to an angular spacing from a centerline of one of the penetrating members to a centerline of an adjacent penetrating member.
3. A device for use in a metering device for measuring analyte levels in a sample fluid, said device comprising:
a housing
a controllable electronic driver;
a plurality of penetrating members;
a cartridge;
a plurality of analyte detecting members mounted on said cartridge, each of said detecting members providing an indicator of analyte levels in said sample fluid, wherein the analyte detecting member comprises a block copolymer of hydrophobic and hydrophilic polymers such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) or poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO);
a processor in communication with the plurality of detecting members, the processor configured to provide for compensation of fixed pattern noise in the at least one of the plurality of detectors and reduce frame rates, with different fixed pattern noise to detect signals from different ones of the analyte detecting members;
the cartridge housing the plurality of penetrating members and analyte detecting members; and
a cartridge advancement device coupled to the cartridge in the housing and in operation configured to move the cartridge through an angle equal to an angular spacing from a centerline of one of the penetrating members to a centerline of an adjacent penetrating member.
4. A device for use in a metering device for measuring analyte levels in a sample fluid, said device comprising:
a housing
a controllable electronic driver;
a plurality of penetrating members;
a cartridge;
a plurality of analyte detecting members mounted on said cartridge, each of said detecting members providing an indicator of analyte levels in said sample fluid, wherein the analyte detecting member wherein an emulsion particle that includes an initiator and glucose oxidase (GOX) has a size sufficiently small that it is geometrically impossible for a GOX molecule to fit inside it;
a processor in communication with the plurality of detecting members, the processor configured to provide for compensation of fixed pattern noise in the at least one of the plurality of detectors and reduce frame rates, with different fixed pattern noise to detect signals from different ones of the analyte detecting members;
the cartridge housing the plurality of penetrating members and analyte detecting members; and
a cartridge advancement device coupled to the cartridge in the housing and in operation configured to move the cartridge through an angle equal to an angularspacing angular spacing from a centerline of one of the penetrating members to a centerline of an adjacent penetrating member.
5. A device for use in a metering device for measuring analyte levels in a sample fluid, said device comprising:
a housing
a controllable electronic driver;
a plurality of penetrating members;
a cartridge;
a plurality of analyte detecting members mounted on said cartridge, each of said detecting members providing an indicator of analyte levels in said sample fluid, wherein the analyte detecting member comprises a block copolymer of hydrophobic and hydrophilic polymers such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) or poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO), wherein PEO chains are cross-linked:
a processor in communication with the plurality of detecting members, the processor configured to provide for compensation of fixed pattern noise in the at least one of the plurality of detectors and reduce frame rates, with different fixed pattern noise to detect signals from different ones of the analyte detecting members;
the cartridge housing the plurality of penetrating members and analyte detecting members; and
a cartridge advancement device coupled to the cartridge in the housing and in operation configured to move the cartridge through an angle equal to an angular spacing from a centerline of one of the penetrating members to a centerline of an adjacent penetrating member.
6. A device for use in a metering device for measuring analyte levels in a sample fluid, said device comprising:
a housing
a controllable electronic driver;
a plurality of penetrating members;
a cartridge;
a plurality of analyte detecting members mounted on said cartridge, each of said detecting members providing an indicator of analyte levels in said sample fluid, wherein the analyte detecting member comprises an emulsion of Ru sensing phase within a group of oxidase sensing materials, said emulsion containing 1:2 (v/v) hydrophobic/hydrophilic phases, 4:1 (w/w) Monomer 5: Monomer 1 mixture for the hydrophobic phase and 1 mg/mL GOX content in the hydrophilic phase:
a processor in communication with the plurality of detecting members, the processor configured to provide for compensation of fixed pattern noise in the at least one of the plurality of detectors and reduce frame rates, with different fixed pattern noise to detect signals from different ones of the analyte detecting members;
the cartridge housing the plurality of penetrating members and analyte detecting members; and
a cartridge advancement device coupled to the cartridge in the housing and in operation configured to move the cartridge through an angle equal to an angular spacing from a centerline of one of the penetrating members to a centerline of an adjacent penetrating member.
7. A device for use in a metering device for measuring analyte levels in a sample fluid, said device comprising:
a housing
a controllable electronic driver;
a plurality of penetrating members;
a cartridge;
a plurality of analyte detecting members mounted on said cartridge, each of said detecting members providing an indicator of analyte levels in said sample fluid, wherein the cartridge includes a plurality of wells and a central fluid input port for receiving a body fluid with one or more analytes, said plurality of wells coupled to the common input port, each of said wells equidistant to the input port;
a processor in communication with the plurality of detecting members, the processor configured to provide for compensation of fixed pattern noise in the at least one of the plurality of detectors and reduce frame rates, with different fixed pattern noise to detect signals from different ones of the analyte detecting members;
the cartridge housing the plurality of penetrating members and analyte detecting members; and
a cartridge advancement device coupled to the cartridge in the housing and in operation configured to move the cartridge through an angle equal to an angular spacing from a centerline of one of the penetrating members to a centerline of an adjacent penetrating member.
8. A device for use in a metering device for measuring analyte levels in a sample fluid, said device comprising:
a housing
a controllable electronic driver;
a cartridge;
a plurality of penetrating;
a plurality of analyte detecting members mounted on said cartridge, each of said detecting members providing an indicator of analyte levels in said sample fluid, wherein the cartridge includes a plurality of wells and a central fluid input port for receiving a body fluid with one or more analytes, said plurality of wells coupled to the common input port, each of said wells equidistant to the input port, said wells positioned to have a star configuration:
a processor in communication with the plurality of detecting members, the processor configured to provide for compensation of fixed pattern noise in the at least one of the plurality of detectors and reduce frame rates, with different fixed pattern noise to detect signals from different ones of the analyte detecting members;
the cartridge housing the plurality of penetrating members and analyte detecting members; and
a cartridge advancement device coupled to the cartridge in the housing and in operation configured to move the cartridge through an angle equal to an angular spacing from a centerline of one of the penetrating members to a centerline of an adjacent penetrating member.
9. A system comprising:
a housing;
a controllable electronic driver;
a cartridge;
a plurality of penetrating members;
a plurality of analyte detecting members;
a memory for storing at least one of the following: number of penetrating members used, number of target tissue penetrating events, time and date of the last selected number of target tissue penetrating events, time interval between alarm and target tissue penetrating event, stratum corneum thickness, time of day, energy consumed by a penetrating member driver to drive a penetrating member into the target tissue, depth of penetrating member penetration, velocity of the penetrating member, desired velocity profile, velocity of the penetrating member into the target tissue, velocity of the penetrating member out of the target tissue, dwell time of the penetrating member in the target tissue, a target tissue relaxation parameter, force delivered on the target tissue, dwell time of the penetrating member, battery status, system status, consumed energy, speed profile of the penetrating member as the penetrating penetrates and advances through the target tissue, a tissue target tissue relaxation parameter, information relative to contact of a penetrating member with target tissue before penetration by the penetrating member, information relative to a change of speed of a penetrating member as in travels in the target tissue, type of electrochemical analyte detecting member used, the kind of test the analyte detecting member will be measuring, information relative to consumed sensors and/or information relative to consumed penetrating members;
a processor in communication with the plurality of detecting members, the processor configured to provide for compensation of fixed pattern noise in the at least one of the plurality of detectors and reduce frame rates, with different fixed pattern noise to detect signals from different ones of the analyte detecting members;
the cartridge housing the plurality of penetrating members and analyte detecting members; and
a cartridge advancement device coupled to the cartridge in the housing and in operation configured to move the cartridge through an angle equal to an angular spacing from a centerline of one of the penetrating members to a centerline of an adjacent penetrating member.
US10/541,124 2002-12-30 2003-12-30 Method and apparatus using optical techniques to measure analyte levels Active 2026-10-11 US8574895B2 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/541,124 US8574895B2 (en) 2002-12-30 2003-12-30 Method and apparatus using optical techniques to measure analyte levels
US13/532,927 US9034639B2 (en) 2002-12-30 2012-06-26 Method and apparatus using optical techniques to measure analyte levels

Applications Claiming Priority (25)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US43734302P 2002-12-30 2002-12-30
US43734502P 2002-12-30 2002-12-30
US43734602P 2002-12-30 2002-12-30
US43738602P 2002-12-30 2002-12-30
US43745402P 2002-12-30 2002-12-30
US43733502P 2002-12-30 2002-12-30
US43731202P 2002-12-30 2002-12-30
US43719102P 2002-12-30 2002-12-30
US43734702P 2002-12-30 2002-12-30
US43734102P 2002-12-30 2002-12-30
US43751402P 2002-12-30 2002-12-30
US43734202P 2002-12-30 2002-12-30
US43745502P 2002-12-30 2002-12-30
US43751002P 2002-12-30 2002-12-30
US43733402P 2002-12-30 2002-12-30
US43719202P 2002-12-30 2002-12-30
US43733702P 2002-12-30 2002-12-30
US43734002P 2002-12-30 2002-12-30
US43718602P 2002-12-30 2002-12-30
US43718402P 2002-12-30 2002-12-30
US43718502P 2002-12-30 2002-12-30
US43733302P 2002-12-30 2002-12-30
US43732302P 2002-12-31 2002-12-31
US10/541,124 US8574895B2 (en) 2002-12-30 2003-12-30 Method and apparatus using optical techniques to measure analyte levels
PCT/US2003/041702 WO2004060446A2 (en) 2002-12-30 2003-12-30 Method and apparatus using optical techniques to measure analyte levels

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2003/014702 A-371-Of-International WO2003095991A1 (en) 2002-05-10 2003-05-09 Tera-hertz ray microscope

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US13/532,927 Continuation US9034639B2 (en) 2002-12-30 2012-06-26 Method and apparatus using optical techniques to measure analyte levels

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20060204399A1 US20060204399A1 (en) 2006-09-14
US8574895B2 true US8574895B2 (en) 2013-11-05

Family

ID=37052721

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US10/541,124 Active 2026-10-11 US8574895B2 (en) 2002-12-30 2003-12-30 Method and apparatus using optical techniques to measure analyte levels
US13/532,927 Expired - Lifetime US9034639B2 (en) 2002-12-30 2012-06-26 Method and apparatus using optical techniques to measure analyte levels

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US13/532,927 Expired - Lifetime US9034639B2 (en) 2002-12-30 2012-06-26 Method and apparatus using optical techniques to measure analyte levels

Country Status (1)

Country Link
US (2) US8574895B2 (en)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110144463A1 (en) * 2008-02-27 2011-06-16 Benny Pesach Device, system and method for modular analyte monitoring
US20140100525A1 (en) * 2001-06-12 2014-04-10 Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland Gmbh Sampling module device and method
US20140139832A1 (en) * 2012-11-16 2014-05-22 Honeywell International Inc. Rotating optics for multiple cuvette array
US10842427B2 (en) 2005-09-30 2020-11-24 Intuity Medical, Inc. Body fluid sampling arrangements
US11002743B2 (en) 2009-11-30 2021-05-11 Intuity Medical, Inc. Calibration material delivery devices and methods
US11045125B2 (en) 2008-05-30 2021-06-29 Intuity Medical, Inc. Body fluid sampling device-sampling site interface
US11051734B2 (en) 2011-08-03 2021-07-06 Intuity Medical, Inc. Devices and methods for body fluid sampling and analysis
US20220193657A1 (en) * 2020-12-22 2022-06-23 Oxford Immune Algorithmics Ltd Wafer for carrying biological sample
US11399744B2 (en) 2008-06-06 2022-08-02 Intuity Medical, Inc. Detection meter and mode of operation
US11419532B2 (en) 2005-06-13 2022-08-23 Intuity Medical, Inc. Analyte detection devices and methods with hematocrit/volume correction and feedback control

Families Citing this family (85)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6036924A (en) 1997-12-04 2000-03-14 Hewlett-Packard Company Cassette of lancet cartridges for sampling blood
US6391005B1 (en) 1998-03-30 2002-05-21 Agilent Technologies, Inc. Apparatus and method for penetration with shaft having a sensor for sensing penetration depth
US8641644B2 (en) 2000-11-21 2014-02-04 Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland Gmbh Blood testing apparatus having a rotatable cartridge with multiple lancing elements and testing means
CA2448902C (en) 2001-06-12 2010-09-07 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Self optimizing lancing device with adaptation means to temporal variations in cutaneous properties
WO2002100254A2 (en) 2001-06-12 2002-12-19 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for lancet launching device integrated onto a blood-sampling cartridge
US9427532B2 (en) 2001-06-12 2016-08-30 Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland Gmbh Tissue penetration device
US9795747B2 (en) 2010-06-02 2017-10-24 Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland Gmbh Methods and apparatus for lancet actuation
ES2357887T3 (en) 2001-06-12 2011-05-03 Pelikan Technologies Inc. APPARATUS FOR IMPROVING THE BLOOD OBTAINING SUCCESS RATE FROM A CAPILLARY PUNCTURE.
US9226699B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2016-01-05 Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland Gmbh Body fluid sampling module with a continuous compression tissue interface surface
US7682318B2 (en) 2001-06-12 2010-03-23 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Blood sampling apparatus and method
US8337419B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2012-12-25 Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland Gmbh Tissue penetration device
US7344507B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2008-03-18 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for lancet actuation
EP1395185B1 (en) 2001-06-12 2010-10-27 Pelikan Technologies Inc. Electric lancet actuator
US7981056B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2011-07-19 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Methods and apparatus for lancet actuation
US7004928B2 (en) 2002-02-08 2006-02-28 Rosedale Medical, Inc. Autonomous, ambulatory analyte monitor or drug delivery device
US8784335B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2014-07-22 Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland Gmbh Body fluid sampling device with a capacitive sensor
US9248267B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2016-02-02 Sanofi-Aventis Deustchland Gmbh Tissue penetration device
US7371247B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2008-05-13 Pelikan Technologies, Inc Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US9795334B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2017-10-24 Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland Gmbh Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US7229458B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2007-06-12 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US8702624B2 (en) 2006-09-29 2014-04-22 Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland Gmbh Analyte measurement device with a single shot actuator
US9314194B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2016-04-19 Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland Gmbh Tissue penetration device
US7491178B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2009-02-17 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US7648468B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2010-01-19 Pelikon Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US8221334B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2012-07-17 Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland Gmbh Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US7892183B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2011-02-22 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for body fluid sampling and analyte sensing
US7331931B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2008-02-19 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US7232451B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2007-06-19 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US8579831B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2013-11-12 Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland Gmbh Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US7297122B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2007-11-20 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US7717863B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2010-05-18 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US7909778B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2011-03-22 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US8267870B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2012-09-18 Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland Gmbh Method and apparatus for body fluid sampling with hybrid actuation
US7976476B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2011-07-12 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Device and method for variable speed lancet
US7198606B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2007-04-03 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for a multi-use body fluid sampling device with analyte sensing
US7291117B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2007-11-06 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US7547287B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2009-06-16 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US7901362B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2011-03-08 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US7674232B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2010-03-09 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US8574895B2 (en) 2002-12-30 2013-11-05 Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland Gmbh Method and apparatus using optical techniques to measure analyte levels
US7052652B2 (en) * 2003-03-24 2006-05-30 Rosedale Medical, Inc. Analyte concentration detection devices and methods
ES2490740T3 (en) 2003-06-06 2014-09-04 Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland Gmbh Apparatus for blood fluid sampling and analyte detection
WO2006001797A1 (en) 2004-06-14 2006-01-05 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Low pain penetrating
EP1671096A4 (en) 2003-09-29 2009-09-16 Pelikan Technologies Inc Method and apparatus for an improved sample capture device
EP1680014A4 (en) 2003-10-14 2009-01-21 Pelikan Technologies Inc Method and apparatus for a variable user interface
WO2005065414A2 (en) 2003-12-31 2005-07-21 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for improving fluidic flow and sample capture
US7822454B1 (en) 2005-01-03 2010-10-26 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Fluid sampling device with improved analyte detecting member configuration
US8407327B1 (en) * 2004-03-25 2013-03-26 Verizon Corporate Services Group Inc. Network management using visual identifiers
US8828203B2 (en) 2004-05-20 2014-09-09 Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland Gmbh Printable hydrogels for biosensors
WO2005120365A1 (en) 2004-06-03 2005-12-22 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for a fluid sampling device
US7645241B2 (en) * 2004-09-09 2010-01-12 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Device for sampling bodily fluids
US8652831B2 (en) 2004-12-30 2014-02-18 Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland Gmbh Method and apparatus for analyte measurement test time
US7663092B2 (en) 2005-02-01 2010-02-16 Purdue Research Foundation Method and apparatus for phase contrast quadrature interferometric detection of an immunoassay
US7910356B2 (en) 2005-02-01 2011-03-22 Purdue Research Foundation Multiplexed biological analyzer planar array apparatus and methods
US20070023643A1 (en) 2005-02-01 2007-02-01 Nolte David D Differentially encoded biological analyzer planar array apparatus and methods
US8801631B2 (en) 2005-09-30 2014-08-12 Intuity Medical, Inc. Devices and methods for facilitating fluid transport
ES2929039T3 (en) * 2006-04-08 2022-11-24 Hoffmann La Roche Analysis of optical data with the help of histograms
WO2008089495A2 (en) 2007-01-19 2008-07-24 Purdue Research Foundation System with extended range of molecular sensing through integrated multi-modal data acquisition
US7787126B2 (en) 2007-03-26 2010-08-31 Purdue Research Foundation Method and apparatus for conjugate quadrature interferometric detection of an immunoassay
US9186097B2 (en) * 2007-09-17 2015-11-17 Roche Diabetes Care, Inc. Body fluid lancing, acquiring, and testing cartridge design
US8961431B2 (en) 2009-09-28 2015-02-24 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Body fluid lancing, acquiring, and testing cartridge design
EP2050392B1 (en) * 2007-10-15 2012-09-05 Roche Diagnostics GmbH Lancet wheel
JP5663310B2 (en) * 2007-12-10 2015-02-04 バイエル・ヘルスケア・エルエルシーBayer HealthCareLLC Rapid charging and power management of battery-powered fluid analyte measuring devices
WO2009126900A1 (en) 2008-04-11 2009-10-15 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for analyte detecting device
EP2113197A1 (en) * 2008-05-03 2009-11-04 Roche Diagnostics GmbH Lancet wheel and method for manufacturing a lancet wheel
EP2299904B1 (en) 2008-06-06 2019-09-11 Intuity Medical, Inc. Medical measurement method
US8422740B2 (en) 2009-01-15 2013-04-16 Scott Dylewski Methods for determining a liquid front position on a test strip
US9375169B2 (en) 2009-01-30 2016-06-28 Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland Gmbh Cam drive for managing disposable penetrating member actions with a single motor and motor and control system
US8965476B2 (en) 2010-04-16 2015-02-24 Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland Gmbh Tissue penetration device
CA2803797A1 (en) 2010-06-25 2011-12-29 Intuity Medical, Inc. Analyte monitoring methods and systems
US9717452B2 (en) 2010-12-30 2017-08-01 Roche Diabetes Care, Inc. Handheld medical diagnostic devices with lancing speed control
US8852123B2 (en) 2010-12-30 2014-10-07 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Handheld medical diagnostic devices housing with sample transfer
US8158428B1 (en) 2010-12-30 2012-04-17 General Electric Company Methods, systems and apparatus for detecting material defects in combustors of combustion turbine engines
US20140031636A1 (en) * 2012-07-30 2014-01-30 Kun-Lieh Wu Electrochemical and optical test specimen
US10254279B2 (en) 2013-03-29 2019-04-09 Nima Labs, Inc. System and method for detection of target substances
EP2979092B1 (en) 2013-03-29 2018-05-30 Nima Labs, Inc. A portable device for detection of harmful substances
US10466236B2 (en) 2013-03-29 2019-11-05 Nima Labs, Inc. System and method for detecting target substances
US8906252B1 (en) * 2013-05-21 2014-12-09 Cabot Microelelctronics Corporation CMP compositions selective for oxide and nitride with high removal rate and low defectivity
USD738527S1 (en) 2013-05-28 2015-09-08 Life Technologies Corporation Electroblotting apparatus
WO2014205412A1 (en) 2013-06-21 2014-12-24 Intuity Medical, Inc. Analyte monitoring system with audible feedback
USD754676S1 (en) * 2014-04-04 2016-04-26 Adp, Llc Display screen or portion thereof with graphical user interface
USD754144S1 (en) * 2014-04-04 2016-04-19 Adp, Llc Display screen or portion thereof with graphical user interface
USD754675S1 (en) * 2014-04-04 2016-04-26 Adp, Llc Display screen or portion thereof with graphical user interface
US10288633B2 (en) 2015-06-26 2019-05-14 Abbott Laboratories Reaction vessel moving member for moving reaction vessels from a processing track to a rotating device in a diagnostic analyzer
US20230390773A1 (en) * 2020-10-05 2023-12-07 Clara Biotech, Inc. Apparatus, system, and method for analyte release

Citations (1800)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2061A (en) 1841-04-24 Spring-lancet
US55620A (en) 1866-06-19 Improvement in spring-lancets
US1135465A (en) 1914-07-01 1915-04-13 William M Pollock Lancet.
GB233936A (en) 1924-07-30 1925-05-21 Carl Steffen Senior Improvements in process and apparatus for precipitating calcium saccharate from liquids containing sugar and separating excess lime therefrom
US1733847A (en) 1927-03-11 1929-10-29 Variety Fire Door Company Door-latch retainer
US2258857A (en) 1939-01-09 1941-10-14 George C Mccann Mechanical distraction method and device
US2628319A (en) 1952-05-29 1953-02-10 Vang Alfred Electric hammer
US2714890A (en) 1953-08-06 1955-08-09 Vang Alfred Vibratory surgical instruments
US2747138A (en) 1952-10-24 1956-05-22 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Broad band amplifier devices
US2763935A (en) 1954-06-11 1956-09-25 Purdne Res Foundation Determining depth of layers of fat and of muscle on an animal body
US2801633A (en) 1954-02-17 1957-08-06 Joseph C Ehrlich Lancets
US2880876A (en) * 1954-10-02 1959-04-07 Melotte Ecremeuses Apparatus for separating a liquid from an overlying layer of foam
US3030959A (en) 1959-09-04 1962-04-24 Praemeta Surgical lancet for blood sampling
US3046987A (en) 1957-06-05 1962-07-31 Joseph C Ehrlich Disposable lancet
US3063451A (en) 1959-09-28 1962-11-13 Arthur J Kowalk Self-venting type needle
US3086288A (en) 1955-04-20 1963-04-23 Cavitron Ultrasonics Inc Ultrasonically vibrated cutting knives
US3090384A (en) 1960-04-15 1963-05-21 Mfg Process Lab Inc Needle
US3208452A (en) 1960-09-08 1965-09-28 Panray Parlam Corp Surface treating device
US3358689A (en) 1964-06-09 1967-12-19 Roehr Products Company Inc Integral lancet and package
US3412729A (en) 1965-08-30 1968-11-26 Nasa Usa Method and apparatus for continuously monitoring blood oxygenation, blood pressure, pulse rate and the pressure pulse curve utilizing an ear oximeter as transducer
US3424154A (en) 1965-11-08 1969-01-28 Charles W Kinsley Injection system
US3448307A (en) 1966-09-06 1969-06-03 Edwards Co Bell striker reciprocating motor
US3494358A (en) 1967-12-18 1970-02-10 Verne Fehlis Self-triggered veterinary inoculating device
US3607097A (en) 1967-08-09 1971-09-21 Philips Corp Analyzer for liquid samples
US3620209A (en) 1970-05-08 1971-11-16 Harvey Kravitz Device for reducing the pain of injections of medicines and other biologicals
US3628026A (en) 1969-09-05 1971-12-14 Dynamics Res Corp Linear encoder immune to scale bending error
US3626929A (en) 1968-07-26 1971-12-14 Micromedic Systems Inc Apparatus for obtaining a percutaneous and digital blood sample
US3665672A (en) 1970-01-05 1972-05-30 Propper Mfg Co Inc Method and apparatus for manufacturing and packing lancets
US3673475A (en) 1970-09-15 1972-06-27 Fred M Hufnagel Pulse drive circuit for coils of dental impact tools and the like
DE2206674A1 (en) 1971-02-12 1972-08-31 The Norwich Pharmacal Co., Norwich, N.Y. (V.StA.) 3,4-Dihydrobenzo square bracket to square bracket to square bracket to 1,7 square bracket to naphthyridin-2 (2H) -one
US3712292A (en) 1971-07-20 1973-01-23 Karen Lafley V Method and apparatus for producing swept frequency-modulated audio signal patterns for inducing sleep
US3712293A (en) 1970-07-27 1973-01-23 Mielke C Apparatus and method for measuring hemostatic properties of platelets
US3734812A (en) 1970-08-25 1973-05-22 Polymer Processing Res Inst Laminate product of crossed stretched tapes having perforations for air permeation and method for preparing the same
US3742954A (en) 1972-02-22 1973-07-03 F Strickland Snake bite kit
US3780960A (en) 1971-10-06 1973-12-25 Rengo Co Ltd Web splicing apparatus
US3832776A (en) 1972-11-24 1974-09-03 H Sawyer Electronically powered knife
US3836148A (en) 1974-01-11 1974-09-17 V Manning Rotatable dart board, magnetic darts and magnetic scoring switches
US3851543A (en) 1973-05-10 1974-12-03 Gen Motors Corp Adjustable steering column
US3853010A (en) 1973-03-05 1974-12-10 Varian Associates Sample container support with coding means
US3924818A (en) 1973-02-20 1975-12-09 Skf Kugellagerfabriken Gmbh Thread storage device
US3938526A (en) 1974-05-20 1976-02-17 Anderson Weston A Electrical acupuncture needle heater
US3953172A (en) 1974-05-10 1976-04-27 Union Carbide Corporation Method and apparatus for assaying liquid materials
US3971365A (en) 1973-02-12 1976-07-27 Beckman Instruments, Inc. Bioelectrical impedance measuring system
US4057394A (en) 1976-05-24 1977-11-08 Miles Laboratories, Inc. Test device and method for determining blood hemoglobin
US4077406A (en) 1976-06-24 1978-03-07 American Cyanamid Company Pellet implanter for animal treatment
US4109655A (en) 1975-10-16 1978-08-29 Manufacture Francaise d'Armes et Cycles de Saint-Etienne Manufrance Multi-penetration vaccination apparatus
US4139011A (en) 1975-12-19 1979-02-13 Benoit Jean L P M Device for driving a needle into a patient
US4154228A (en) 1976-08-06 1979-05-15 California Institute Of Technology Apparatus and method of inserting a microelectrode in body tissue or the like using vibration means
US4168130A (en) 1977-04-22 1979-09-18 Dr. Barth Kg Apparatus for placing paving elements
GB1558111A (en) 1977-08-19 1979-12-19 Radelkis Electrokemiai Method and sensor device for detecting the location and orcharacter of a lesion in body tissure
US4184486A (en) 1977-08-11 1980-01-22 Radelkis Elektrokemiai Muszergyarto Szovetkezet Diagnostic method and sensor device for detecting lesions in body tissues
US4190420A (en) 1978-06-05 1980-02-26 Eastman Kodak Company Container for dispensing articles to an automated analyzer
US4191193A (en) 1976-02-29 1980-03-04 Mitsubishi Petrochemical Co. Ltd. Catheter head-type transducer
US4193690A (en) 1977-10-19 1980-03-18 University Of Southern California Heterodyne detection of coherent Raman signals
US4203446A (en) 1976-09-24 1980-05-20 Hellige Gmbh Precision spring lancet
US4207870A (en) 1978-06-15 1980-06-17 Becton, Dickinson And Company Blood sampling assembly having porous vent means vein entry indicator
US4223674A (en) 1978-06-29 1980-09-23 Arthur J. McIntosh Implant gun
US4224125A (en) 1977-09-28 1980-09-23 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Enzyme electrode
US4224949A (en) 1977-11-17 1980-09-30 Cornell Research Foundation, Inc. Method and electrical resistance probe for detection of estrus in bovine
US4230118A (en) 1977-08-05 1980-10-28 Holman Rury R Automatic lancet
US4240439A (en) 1975-04-30 1980-12-23 Hokkaido University Method of obtaining information of a specified or target area of a living body near its skin surface by the application of a nuclear magnetic resonance phenomenon
US4254083A (en) 1979-07-23 1981-03-03 Eastman Kodak Company Structural configuration for transport of a liquid drop through an ingress aperture
US4258001A (en) 1978-12-27 1981-03-24 Eastman Kodak Company Element, structure and method for the analysis or transport of liquids
US4259653A (en) 1977-11-22 1981-03-31 Magnetic Laboratories, Inc. Electromagnetic reciprocating linear actuator with permanent magnet armature
US4299230A (en) 1979-05-09 1981-11-10 Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. Stabbing apparatus for diagnosis of living body
US4301412A (en) 1979-10-29 1981-11-17 United States Surgical Corporation Liquid conductivity measuring system and sample cards therefor
US4321397A (en) 1979-01-31 1982-03-23 Millipore Corporation 4-Aminoantipyrine dye for the analytic determination of hydrogen peroxide
US4340669A (en) 1981-02-12 1982-07-20 Miles Laboratories, Inc. System for the determination of glucose in fluids
US4350762A (en) 1980-02-04 1982-09-21 Elvi S.P.A. Aminopyrine improved Trinder's reagent and dosing process for hydrogen peroxide from enzymatic oxidation of metabolic substrata with the same
US4353984A (en) 1978-12-31 1982-10-12 Kabushiki Kaisha Kyoto Daiichi Kagaku Composition and test piece for measuring glucose concentration in body fluids
US4356826A (en) 1979-05-09 1982-11-02 Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. Stabbing apparatus for diagnosis of living body
US4360016A (en) 1980-07-01 1982-11-23 Transidyne General Corp. Blood collecting device
US4388922A (en) 1981-07-29 1983-06-21 Becton, Dickinson And Company Suction canister system for serial collection of fluids
US4391906A (en) 1981-02-12 1983-07-05 Miles Laboratories, Inc. System for the determination of glucose in fluids
US4391905A (en) 1981-02-12 1983-07-05 Miles Laboratories, Inc. System for the determination of glucose in fluids
US4392933A (en) 1978-10-31 1983-07-12 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Electrochemical measuring apparatus comprising enzyme electrode
US4394512A (en) 1980-02-05 1983-07-19 Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh 1-(Substituted phenyl) aminoantipyrin compounds
US4397556A (en) 1979-09-05 1983-08-09 Carl Zeiss-Stiftung Material-testing method and apparatus
US4407008A (en) 1980-10-08 1983-09-27 Carl Zeiss-Stiftung Method and apparatus for light-induced scanning-microscope display of specimen parameters and of their distribution
US4411266A (en) 1980-09-24 1983-10-25 Cosman Eric R Thermocouple radio frequency lesion electrode
US4414975A (en) 1981-05-15 1983-11-15 Ryder International Corp. Blood lancet
US4418037A (en) 1981-04-17 1983-11-29 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Color indicator composition and film for detecting hydrogen peroxide
US4425039A (en) 1982-05-07 1984-01-10 Industrial Holographics, Inc. Apparatus for the practice of double exposure interferometric non-destructive testing
US4426451A (en) 1981-01-28 1984-01-17 Eastman Kodak Company Multi-zoned reaction vessel having pressure-actuatable control means between zones
US4426884A (en) 1982-02-01 1984-01-24 The Langer Biomechanics Group, Inc. Flexible force sensor
US4440301A (en) 1981-07-16 1984-04-03 American Hospital Supply Corporation Self-stacking reagent slide
US4442836A (en) 1980-03-22 1984-04-17 Clinicon Mannheim Gmbh Blood lancet device
US4442972A (en) 1981-09-14 1984-04-17 Texas Instruments Incorporated Electrically controlled programmable digital thermostat and method for regulating the operation of multistage heating and cooling systems
US4449529A (en) 1981-11-18 1984-05-22 Becton Dickinson And Company Automatic retractable lancet assembly
EP0112498A2 (en) 1982-11-30 1984-07-04 Asea Ab Apparatus for automatically cleaning windows
US4462405A (en) 1982-09-27 1984-07-31 Ehrlich Joseph C Blood letting apparatus
US4469110A (en) 1981-06-25 1984-09-04 Slama Gerard J Device for causing a pinprick to obtain and to test a drop of blood
US4490139A (en) 1983-01-28 1984-12-25 Eli Lilly And Company Implant needle and method
US4517978A (en) 1983-01-13 1985-05-21 Levin Paul D Blood sampling instrument
US4518384A (en) 1983-06-17 1985-05-21 Survival Technology, Inc. Multiple medicament cartridge clip and medicament discharging device therefor
FR2555432A1 (en) 1983-11-25 1985-05-31 Franceschi Claude Method for puncturing blood vessels combining a needle propeller with a Doppler ultrasonograph which guides it
US4523994A (en) 1982-06-30 1985-06-18 Shimadzu Corporation Bis-crown-ether derivatives and their use
US4535773A (en) 1982-03-26 1985-08-20 Inbae Yoon Safety puncturing instrument and method
US4535769A (en) 1981-03-23 1985-08-20 Becton, Dickinson And Company Automatic retractable lancet assembly
US4537197A (en) 1981-03-06 1985-08-27 Hulka Jaroslav F Disposable fetal oxygen monitor
US4539988A (en) 1983-07-05 1985-09-10 Packaging Corporation International Disposable automatic lancet
US4545382A (en) 1981-10-23 1985-10-08 Genetics International, Inc. Sensor for components of a liquid mixture
US4561445A (en) 1983-05-25 1985-12-31 Joseph J. Berke Elongated needle electrode and method of making same
US4577630A (en) 1984-02-14 1986-03-25 Becton, Dickinson And Co. Reusable breach loading target pressure activated lancet firing device
US4580564A (en) 1983-06-07 1986-04-08 Andersen Michael A Finger pricking device
US4580565A (en) 1981-06-29 1986-04-08 Sherwood Medical Company Lancet injector
DE3538313A1 (en) 1984-10-29 1986-04-30 Junkosha Co. Ltd., Tokio/Tokyo Cleaning device for oil leakage sensors
US4586926A (en) 1984-03-05 1986-05-06 Cook, Incorporated Percutaneous entry needle
US4586819A (en) 1982-07-09 1986-05-06 Hitachi, Ltd. Laser Raman microprobe
US4595479A (en) 1982-11-09 1986-06-17 Ajinomoto Co., Inc. Modified electrode
GB2168815A (en) 1984-11-13 1986-06-25 Genetics Int Inc Bioelectrochemical assay electrode
US4600014A (en) 1984-02-10 1986-07-15 Dan Beraha Transrectal prostate biopsy device and method
US4603209A (en) 1984-09-07 1986-07-29 The Regents Of The University Of California Fluorescent indicator dyes for calcium ions
US4608997A (en) 1985-01-25 1986-09-02 Becton, Dickinson And Company Blood collection assembly
US4615340A (en) 1985-02-27 1986-10-07 Becton, Dickinson And Company Sensor assembly suitable for blood gas analysis and the like and the method of use
US4616649A (en) 1984-09-20 1986-10-14 Becton, Dickinson And Company Lancet
US4619754A (en) 1982-03-09 1986-10-28 Ajinomoto Company Incorporated Chemically modified electrodes and their uses
EP0199484A2 (en) 1985-04-08 1986-10-29 Audio Bionics Inc Medical system
US4622974A (en) 1984-03-07 1986-11-18 University Of Tennessee Research Corporation Apparatus and method for in-vivo measurements of chemical concentrations
US4624253A (en) 1985-01-18 1986-11-25 Becton, Dickinson And Company Lancet
US4643189A (en) 1985-02-19 1987-02-17 W. T. Associates Apparatus for implementing a standardized skin incision
US4648714A (en) 1985-09-11 1987-03-10 University Of Utah Molecular gas analysis by Raman scattering in intracavity laser configuration
US4648408A (en) 1984-05-11 1987-03-10 Medscan B.V. Blood sampling unit
US4653513A (en) 1985-08-09 1987-03-31 Dombrowski Mitchell P Blood sampler
US4653511A (en) 1984-10-05 1987-03-31 Goch Thomas A Microsample blood collecting device
US4655225A (en) 1985-04-18 1987-04-07 Kurabo Industries Ltd. Spectrophotometric method and apparatus for the non-invasive
US4661768A (en) 1983-09-14 1987-04-28 Johnson Service Company Capacitance transducing method and apparatus
US4666438A (en) 1985-07-02 1987-05-19 Raulerson J Daniel Needle for membrane penetration
US4676244A (en) 1980-04-23 1987-06-30 Enstroem Hans Medical lancet
US4678277A (en) 1983-09-30 1987-07-07 Michel Delhaye Method of discrimination in spectrometry
US4682892A (en) 1982-08-13 1987-07-28 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Method and apparatus for speckle-shearing interferometric deformation analysis
US4702594A (en) 1982-11-15 1987-10-27 Industrial Holographics, Inc. Double exposure interferometric analysis of structures and employing ambient pressure stressing
US4711245A (en) * 1983-05-05 1987-12-08 Genetics International, Inc. Sensor for components of a liquid mixture
US4712460A (en) 1985-11-18 1987-12-15 Biotrack, Inc. Integrated drug dosage form and metering system
US4714462A (en) 1986-02-03 1987-12-22 Intermedics Infusaid, Inc. Positive pressure programmable infusion pump
US4715374A (en) 1986-11-14 1987-12-29 Medicore, Inc. Disposable automatic lancet
EP0254246A2 (en) 1986-07-22 1988-01-27 Personal Diagnostics, Inc. Improved cuvette
US4731330A (en) 1986-07-01 1988-03-15 Biotrack, Inc. Whole blood control sample
US4731726A (en) 1986-05-19 1988-03-15 Healthware Corporation Patient-operated glucose monitor and diabetes management system
US4734360A (en) 1983-07-12 1988-03-29 Lifescan, Inc. Colorimetric ethanol analysis method and test device
US4735203A (en) 1986-12-12 1988-04-05 Ryder International Corporation Retractable lancet
US4737458A (en) 1984-06-19 1988-04-12 Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh Aminopyrazolinones, reagent containing them and the use thereof in the enzymatic determinaton of hydrogen peroxide
US4750489A (en) 1985-08-29 1988-06-14 Coopervision, Inc. Radial keratotomy knife and system using same
US4753776A (en) 1986-10-29 1988-06-28 Biotrack, Inc. Blood separation device comprising a filter and a capillary flow pathway exiting the filter
US4757022A (en) 1986-04-15 1988-07-12 Markwell Medical Institute, Inc. Biological fluid measuring device
US4756884A (en) 1985-08-05 1988-07-12 Biotrack, Inc. Capillary flow device
US4774192A (en) 1987-01-28 1988-09-27 Technimed Corporation A dry reagent delivery system with membrane having porosity gradient
EP0289269A2 (en) 1987-04-27 1988-11-02 MediSense, Inc. Electrochemical sensor with red blood cell exclusion layer
US4784486A (en) 1987-10-06 1988-11-15 Albion Instruments Multi-channel molecular gas analysis by laser-activated Raman light scattering
US4787398A (en) 1985-04-08 1988-11-29 Garid, Inc. Glucose medical monitoring system
US4790979A (en) 1986-08-29 1988-12-13 Technimed Corporation Test strip and fixture
US4794926A (en) 1986-11-24 1989-01-03 Invictus, Inc. Lancet cartridge
US4814142A (en) 1987-05-22 1989-03-21 Polymer Technology International Corp. Test strip having a non-particulate dialyzed polymer layer
US4814661A (en) 1986-05-23 1989-03-21 Washington State University Research Foundation, Inc. Systems for measurement and analysis of forces exerted during human locomotion
US4818493A (en) 1985-10-31 1989-04-04 Bio/Data Corporation Apparatus for receiving a test specimen and reagent
US4817603A (en) 1986-07-30 1989-04-04 Glyme Valley Technology Limited Lancet device
US4820399A (en) 1984-08-31 1989-04-11 Shimadzu Corporation Enzyme electrodes
US4820010A (en) 1987-04-28 1989-04-11 Spectra Diode Laboratories, Inc. Bright output optical system with tapered bundle
US4824639A (en) 1984-02-29 1989-04-25 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Test device and a method for the detection of a component of a liquid sample
US4823806A (en) 1985-11-18 1989-04-25 Serge Bajada Apparatus for testing the sensory system on humans or animals
US4825711A (en) 1986-09-05 1989-05-02 Slagteriernes Forskningsinstitut Probe unit for automatic determination of quality properties of meat
EP0160768B1 (en) 1984-05-04 1989-05-03 Kurabo Industries Ltd. Spectrophotometric apparatus for the non-invasive determination of glucose in body tissues
FR2622457A1 (en) 1987-11-03 1989-05-05 Piccinali Eric Mesotherapeutic injector with microprocessor
US4827763A (en) 1986-04-11 1989-05-09 Purdue Research Foundation Pressure mapping system with capacitive measuring pad
US4829011A (en) 1987-08-27 1989-05-09 Biotrack, Inc. Agglutination assay
US4830959A (en) 1985-11-11 1989-05-16 Medisense, Inc. Electrochemical enzymic assay procedures
USRE32922E (en) 1983-01-13 1989-05-16 Paul D. Levin Blood sampling instrument
EP0317847A1 (en) 1987-11-17 1989-05-31 Spacelabs, Inc. Apparatus and method for blood chemistry analysis
US4836904A (en) 1985-03-28 1989-06-06 Medisense, Inc. Graphite electrode with modified surface
EP0320109A1 (en) 1987-11-05 1989-06-14 MediSense, Inc. Improved sensing system
US4840893A (en) 1983-12-16 1989-06-20 Medisense, Inc. Electrochemical assay for nucleic acids and nucleic acid probes
US4845392A (en) 1983-03-10 1989-07-04 Eaton Corporation Hybrid linear actuator
US4844095A (en) 1987-12-14 1989-07-04 Medicore, Inc. Automatic lancet device
US4850973A (en) 1987-10-16 1989-07-25 Pavel Jordon & Associates Plastic device for injection and obtaining blood samples
US4857274A (en) 1986-06-26 1989-08-15 Kis Photo Industrie Device for analyzing a liquid sample
US4868129A (en) 1987-08-27 1989-09-19 Biotrack Inc. Apparatus and method for dilution and mixing of liquid samples
US4869249A (en) 1987-05-01 1989-09-26 Owen Mumford Limited Blood sampling devices
US4869265A (en) 1987-04-03 1989-09-26 Western Clinical Engineering Ltd. Biomedical pressure transducer
US4877026A (en) 1988-07-22 1989-10-31 Microline Inc. Surgical apparatus
US4882013A (en) 1986-02-27 1989-11-21 Cranfield Institute Of Technology Application of tetrathiafulvalenes in bioelectrochemical processes
US4883068A (en) 1988-03-14 1989-11-28 Dec In Tech, Inc. Blood sampling device and method
US4883055A (en) 1988-03-11 1989-11-28 Puritan-Bennett Corporation Artificially induced blood pulse for use with a pulse oximeter
US4889529A (en) 1987-07-10 1989-12-26 B. Braun Melsungen Ag Needle
US4892097A (en) 1988-02-09 1990-01-09 Ryder International Corporation Retractable finger lancet
US4895147A (en) 1988-10-28 1990-01-23 Sherwood Medical Company Lancet injector
US4895156A (en) 1986-07-02 1990-01-23 Schulze John E Sensor system using fluorometric decay measurements
US4897173A (en) 1985-06-21 1990-01-30 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor and method for making the same
US4900424A (en) 1986-11-28 1990-02-13 Unilever Patent Holdings B.V. Electrochemical measurement cell
US4900666A (en) 1983-07-12 1990-02-13 Lifescan, Inc. Colorimetric ethanol analysis method and test device
US4911794A (en) 1986-06-20 1990-03-27 Molecular Devices Corporation Measuring with zero volume cell
EP0364208A1 (en) 1988-10-12 1990-04-18 Thorne, Smith, Astill Technologies, Inc. Assay and sensing means for determining analyte
US4920977A (en) 1988-10-25 1990-05-01 Becton, Dickinson And Company Blood collection assembly with lancet and microcollection tube
US4924879A (en) 1988-10-07 1990-05-15 Brien Walter J O Blood lancet device
EP0170375B1 (en) 1984-06-13 1990-05-16 Unilever Plc Devices for use in chemical test procedures
US4935346A (en) 1986-08-13 1990-06-19 Lifescan, Inc. Minimum procedure system for the determination of analytes
US4938218A (en) 1983-08-30 1990-07-03 Nellcor Incorporated Perinatal pulse oximetry sensor
US4940468A (en) 1988-01-13 1990-07-10 Petillo Phillip J Apparatus for microsurgery
US4944304A (en) 1987-08-14 1990-07-31 Teruya Nishina Electronic sphygmomanometer
US4945045A (en) 1984-07-06 1990-07-31 Serono Diagnostics Ltd. Electrochemical methods of assay
US4946795A (en) 1987-08-27 1990-08-07 Biotrack, Inc. Apparatus and method for dilution and mixing of liquid samples
US4948961A (en) 1985-08-05 1990-08-14 Biotrack, Inc. Capillary flow device
US4948727A (en) 1984-10-12 1990-08-14 Medisense, Inc. Chemical sensor
US4952515A (en) 1987-05-22 1990-08-28 Polymer Technology International Corp. Method of detection using a test strip having a non particulate dialyzed polymer layer
US4952373A (en) 1989-04-21 1990-08-28 Biotrack, Inc. Liquid shield for cartridge
US4953976A (en) 1989-03-20 1990-09-04 Spectral Sciences, Inc. Gas species monitor system
US4953552A (en) 1989-04-21 1990-09-04 Demarzo Arthur P Blood glucose monitoring system
US4963498A (en) 1985-08-05 1990-10-16 Biotrack Capillary flow device
US4966581A (en) 1988-04-22 1990-10-30 Vitajet Industria E. Commercio Ltda Non reusable disposable capsule containing an individual vaccine dose to be hypodermically injected with a pressure needleless injection apparatus
US4966671A (en) 1985-10-31 1990-10-30 Unilever Patent Holdings Method and apparatus for electrochemical analysis
US4966646A (en) 1986-09-24 1990-10-30 Board Of Trustees Of Leland Stanford University Method of making an integrated, microminiature electric-to-fluidic valve
US4975581A (en) 1989-06-21 1990-12-04 University Of New Mexico Method of and apparatus for determining the similarity of a biological analyte from a model constructed from known biological fluids
US4976724A (en) 1989-08-25 1990-12-11 Lifescan, Inc. Lancet ejector mechanism
US4977910A (en) 1983-09-19 1990-12-18 Shikawajima-Harima Jukogyo Kabushi Kaisha Cleaning method for apparatus
EP0136362B1 (en) 1983-03-11 1990-12-19 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor
US4984085A (en) 1989-08-03 1991-01-08 Allen-Bradley Company, Inc. Image processor with dark current compensation
US4983178A (en) 1988-11-14 1991-01-08 Invictus, Inc. Lancing device
US4990154A (en) 1989-06-19 1991-02-05 Miles Inc. Lancet assembly
US5001054A (en) 1986-06-26 1991-03-19 Becton, Dickinson And Company Method for monitoring glucose
US5001873A (en) 1989-06-26 1991-03-26 American Air Liquide Method and apparatus for in situ cleaning of excimer laser optics
US5004923A (en) 1985-08-05 1991-04-02 Biotrack, Inc. Capillary flow device
US5010772A (en) 1986-04-11 1991-04-30 Purdue Research Foundation Pressure mapping system with capacitive measuring pad
US5010774A (en) 1987-11-05 1991-04-30 The Yokohama Rubber Co., Ltd. Distribution type tactile sensor
US5014718A (en) 1988-01-22 1991-05-14 Safety Diagnostics, Inc. Blood collection and testing method
US5026388A (en) 1989-09-26 1991-06-25 Ingalz Thomas J Single-use skin puncture device
US5028142A (en) 1989-04-06 1991-07-02 Biotrack, Inc. Reciprocal mixer
US5029583A (en) 1986-07-22 1991-07-09 Personal Diagnostics, Inc. Optical analyzer
USD318331S (en) 1988-03-21 1991-07-16 Lifescan, Inc. Blood glucose monitor
US5035704A (en) 1989-03-07 1991-07-30 Lambert Robert D Blood sampling mechanism
US5039617A (en) 1989-04-20 1991-08-13 Biotrack, Inc. Capillary flow device and method for measuring activated partial thromboplastin time
US5043143A (en) 1990-03-28 1991-08-27 Eastman Kodak Company Analyzer having humidity control apparatus
US5046496A (en) 1989-04-26 1991-09-10 Ppg Industries, Inc. Sensor assembly for measuring analytes in fluids
US5049487A (en) 1986-08-13 1991-09-17 Lifescan, Inc. Automated initiation of timing of reflectance readings
US5049373A (en) 1986-09-11 1991-09-17 University Of Pittsburgh Method for selection of primate tumor-associated antigens suitable as in vivo targets for antibodies
EP0449525A1 (en) 1990-03-26 1991-10-02 Cascade Medical, Inc. Medical diagnostic system
EP0449147A2 (en) 1990-03-23 1991-10-02 Mazda Motor Corporation Suspension system for automotive vehicle
US5054499A (en) 1989-03-27 1991-10-08 Swierczek Remi D Disposable skin perforator and blood testing device
US5054487A (en) 1990-02-02 1991-10-08 Boston Advanced Technologies, Inc. Laser systems for material analysis based on reflectance ratio detection
US5057277A (en) 1988-10-17 1991-10-15 Hewlett-Packard Company Chemically sensitive, dimensionally-stable organosilicon material composition
US5057082A (en) 1988-11-04 1991-10-15 Plastic Injectors, Inc. Trocar assembly
US5059394A (en) 1986-08-13 1991-10-22 Lifescan, Inc. Analytical device for the automated determination of analytes in fluids
US5060174A (en) 1990-04-18 1991-10-22 Biomechanics Corporation Of America Method and apparatus for evaluating a load bearing surface such as a seat
US5059789A (en) 1990-10-22 1991-10-22 International Business Machines Corp. Optical position and orientation sensor
EP0453283A1 (en) 1990-04-19 1991-10-23 Teknekron Sensor Development Corporation An integral interstitial fluid sensor
US5062898A (en) 1990-06-05 1991-11-05 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Surface cleaning using a cryogenic aerosol
US5064411A (en) 1988-11-04 1991-11-12 Gordon Iii Kilbourn Protective medical device
US5070886A (en) 1988-01-22 1991-12-10 Safety Diagnostice, Inc. Blood collection and testing means
US5070874A (en) 1990-01-30 1991-12-10 Biocontrol Technology, Inc. Non-invasive determination of glucose concentration in body of patients
US5073500A (en) 1988-01-08 1991-12-17 Inax Corporation Method and apparatus for detecting urinary constituents
US5077017A (en) 1987-11-05 1991-12-31 Biotrack, Inc. Integrated serial dilution and mixing cartridge
US5077199A (en) 1984-01-27 1991-12-31 A. Menarini S.A.S. Ready to use liquid reagent for determining the glucose content in blood
US5080865A (en) 1988-08-09 1992-01-14 Avl Ag One-way measuring element
US5086229A (en) 1989-01-19 1992-02-04 Futrex, Inc. Non-invasive measurement of blood glucose
US5089112A (en) 1989-03-20 1992-02-18 Associated Universities, Inc. Electrochemical biosensor based on immobilized enzymes and redox polymers
US5092842A (en) 1987-05-08 1992-03-03 Wilhelm Haselmeier Gmbh & Co. Injection device with a cocking element and a second setting element
US5094943A (en) 1984-12-20 1992-03-10 Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh Process and reagent for the improved quantitative colorimetic determination of hydrogen peroxide
US5096669A (en) 1988-09-15 1992-03-17 I-Stat Corporation Disposable sensing device for real time fluid analysis
US5097810A (en) 1990-04-06 1992-03-24 Henry Fishman Allergy testing apparatus and method
US5100428A (en) 1989-12-12 1992-03-31 Owen Mumford Limited Disposable two part body pricker
US5100427A (en) 1989-11-04 1992-03-31 Owen Mumford Limited Disposable lancet device
US5104380A (en) 1988-04-18 1992-04-14 Robert Charles Turner Syringe with dose metering device
US5104619A (en) 1990-01-24 1992-04-14 Gds Technology, Inc. Disposable diagnostic system
US5104813A (en) 1989-04-13 1992-04-14 Biotrack, Inc. Dilution and mixing cartridge
US5104382A (en) 1991-01-15 1992-04-14 Ethicon, Inc. Trocar
US5107764A (en) 1990-02-13 1992-04-28 Baldwin Technology Corporation Method and apparatus for carbon dioxide cleaning of graphic arts equipment
US5108564A (en) 1988-03-15 1992-04-28 Tall Oak Ventures Method and apparatus for amperometric diagnostic analysis
US5116759A (en) 1990-06-27 1992-05-26 Fiberchem Inc. Reservoir chemical sensors
US5120420A (en) 1988-03-31 1992-06-09 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor and a process for preparation thereof
US5122244A (en) 1990-02-03 1992-06-16 Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh Method and sensor electrode system for the electrochemical determination of an analyte or an oxidoreductase as well as the use of suitable compounds therefor
US5126034A (en) 1988-07-21 1992-06-30 Medisense, Inc. Bioelectrochemical electrodes
US5128171A (en) 1987-05-22 1992-07-07 Polymer Technology International Method of making a test strip having a dialyzed polymer layer
US5128015A (en) 1988-03-15 1992-07-07 Tall Oak Ventures Method and apparatus for amperometric diagnostic analysis
US5132801A (en) 1989-06-07 1992-07-21 Nikon Corporation Signal correction device of photoelectric conversion equipment
US5133730A (en) 1991-05-15 1992-07-28 International Technidyne Corporation Disposable-retractable finger stick device
US5135719A (en) 1986-10-29 1992-08-04 Biotrack, Inc. Blood separation device comprising a filter and a capillary flow pathway exiting the filter
US5140161A (en) 1985-08-05 1992-08-18 Biotrack Capillary flow device
US5139685A (en) 1991-03-26 1992-08-18 Gds Technology, Inc. Blood separation filter assembly and method
US5141868A (en) 1984-06-13 1992-08-25 Internationale Octrooi Maatschappij "Octropa" Bv Device for use in chemical test procedures
US5144139A (en) 1985-08-05 1992-09-01 Biotrack, Inc. Capillary flow device
US5146091A (en) 1990-04-19 1992-09-08 Inomet, Inc. Body fluid constituent measurement utilizing an interference pattern
US5145565A (en) 1989-05-01 1992-09-08 Spacelabs, Inc. Contamination-free method and apparatus for measuring body fluid chemical parameters
US5153671A (en) 1990-05-11 1992-10-06 Boc Health Care, Inc. Gas analysis system having buffer gas inputs to protect associated optical elements
US5152296A (en) 1990-03-01 1992-10-06 Hewlett-Packard Company Dual-finger vital signs monitor
US5152775A (en) 1990-10-04 1992-10-06 Norbert Ruppert Automatic lancet device and method of using the same
US5156611A (en) 1990-02-05 1992-10-20 Becton, Dickinson And Company Blood microsampling site preparation method
US5162525A (en) 1987-07-31 1992-11-10 Allied-Signal Inc. Fluorogenic and chromogenic three-dimensional ionophores as selective reagents for detecting ions in biological fluids
US5164598A (en) 1985-08-05 1992-11-17 Biotrack Capillary flow device
US5163442A (en) 1991-07-30 1992-11-17 Harry Ono Finger tip blood collector
US5167619A (en) 1989-11-17 1992-12-01 Sonokineticss Group Apparatus and method for removal of cement from bone cavities
US5170364A (en) 1990-12-06 1992-12-08 Biomechanics Corporation Of America Feedback system for load bearing surface
US5174726A (en) 1989-09-05 1992-12-29 Findlay Iain S Liquid pump
USD332490S (en) 1990-04-12 1993-01-12 Miles Inc. Disposable lancet cap
US5185256A (en) 1985-06-21 1993-02-09 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Method for making a biosensor
US5187100A (en) 1990-05-29 1993-02-16 Lifescan, Inc. Dispersion to limit penetration of aqueous solutions into a membrane
US5188118A (en) 1990-11-07 1993-02-23 Terwilliger Richard A Automatic biopsy instrument with independently actuated stylet and cannula
US5189751A (en) 1991-03-21 1993-03-02 Gemtech, Inc. Vibrating toothbrush using a magnetic driver
US5192415A (en) 1991-03-04 1993-03-09 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor utilizing enzyme and a method for producing the same
EP0530994A1 (en) 1991-08-16 1993-03-10 Merck & Co. Inc. Quinazoline derivatives as inhibitors of HIV reverse transcriptase
US5194391A (en) 1988-10-17 1993-03-16 Hewlett-Packard Company Chemically sensitive, dimensionally-stable organosilicon material composition and techniques
US5196025A (en) 1990-05-21 1993-03-23 Ryder International Corporation Lancet actuator with retractable mechanism
US5205920A (en) 1989-03-03 1993-04-27 Noboru Oyama Enzyme sensor and method of manufacturing the same
US5208163A (en) 1990-08-06 1993-05-04 Miles Inc. Self-metering fluid analysis device
US5209028A (en) 1992-04-15 1993-05-11 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Apparatus to clean solid surfaces using a cryogenic aerosol
US5211652A (en) 1991-10-03 1993-05-18 Bruce Derbyshire Scalpel
US5215587A (en) 1991-03-11 1993-06-01 Conal Corporation Sealant applicator for can lids
EP0374355B1 (en) 1988-12-22 1993-06-02 Richard A. Piperato Tamperproof, single use, disposable tattoo equipment
US5217476A (en) 1991-10-01 1993-06-08 Medical Sterile Products, Inc. Surgical knife blade and method of performing cataract surgery utilizing a surgical knife blade
US5217480A (en) 1992-06-09 1993-06-08 Habley Medical Technology Corporation Capillary blood drawing device
US5218966A (en) 1987-06-12 1993-06-15 Omron Tateisi Electronics Co. Electronic blood pressure meter
US5222504A (en) 1992-02-11 1993-06-29 Solomon Charles L Disposable neurological pinwheel
US5229282A (en) 1989-11-24 1993-07-20 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Preparation of biosensor having a layer containing an enzyme, electron acceptor and hydrophilic polymer on an electrode system
US5230866A (en) 1991-03-01 1993-07-27 Biotrack, Inc. Capillary stop-flow junction having improved stability against accidental fluid flow
US5231993A (en) 1991-11-20 1993-08-03 Habley Medical Technology Corporation Blood sampler and component tester with guide member
US5241969A (en) 1992-06-10 1993-09-07 Carson Jay W Controlled and safe fine needle aspiration device
US5247932A (en) 1991-04-15 1993-09-28 Nellcor Incorporated Sensor for intrauterine use
EP0351891B1 (en) 1983-05-05 1993-09-29 MediSense, Inc. Printed electrodes
US5249583A (en) 1991-02-01 1993-10-05 Vance Products Incorporated Electronic biopsy instrument with wiperless position sensors
US5250066A (en) 1990-03-19 1993-10-05 Becton Dickinson And Company Plastic pointed articles and method for their preparation
DE4212315A1 (en) 1992-04-13 1993-10-14 Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh Blood lancet device for drawing blood for diagnostic purposes
US5253656A (en) 1991-05-23 1993-10-19 Rincoe Richard G Apparatus and method for monitoring contact pressure between body parts and contact surfaces
US5256998A (en) 1991-10-25 1993-10-26 Technische Entwicklungen Dr. Becker Gmbh Actuator
US5264103A (en) 1991-10-18 1993-11-23 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor and a method for measuring a concentration of a substrate in a sample
US5264106A (en) 1988-10-07 1993-11-23 Medisense, Inc. Enhanced amperometric sensor
US5264105A (en) 1989-08-02 1993-11-23 Gregg Brian A Enzyme electrodes
US5266179A (en) 1990-07-20 1993-11-30 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Quantitative analysis method and its system using a disposable sensor
US5266359A (en) 1991-01-14 1993-11-30 Becton, Dickinson And Company Lubricative coating composition, article and assembly containing same and method thereof
US5267974A (en) 1992-06-04 1993-12-07 Lambert William S Hypodermic syringe with foam sponge reservoir
US5272087A (en) 1988-04-20 1993-12-21 Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique (C.N.R.S.) Enzymatic electrode and its preparation method
USD342673S (en) 1992-01-30 1993-12-28 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Container for developed photographic film
US5279791A (en) 1991-03-04 1994-01-18 Biotrack, Inc. Liquid control system for diagnostic cartridges used in analytical instruments
US5282822A (en) 1993-01-19 1994-02-01 Sherwood Medical Company Lancet ejector for lancet injector
US5286364A (en) 1987-06-08 1994-02-15 Rutgers University Surface-modified electochemical biosensor
US5286362A (en) 1990-02-03 1994-02-15 Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh Method and sensor electrode system for the electrochemical determination of an analyte or an oxidoreductase as well as the use of suitable compounds therefor
US5288636A (en) 1989-12-15 1994-02-22 Boehringer Mannheim Corporation Enzyme electrode system
US5294261A (en) 1992-11-02 1994-03-15 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Surface cleaning using an argon or nitrogen aerosol
US5296378A (en) 1986-09-10 1994-03-22 Toa Medical Electronics Co., Ltd. Method for classifying leukocytes by flow cytometry
US5304193A (en) 1993-08-12 1994-04-19 Sam Zhadanov Blood lancing device
US5304192A (en) 1992-01-16 1994-04-19 Sherwood Medical Company Lancet with locking cover
US5304347A (en) 1992-02-08 1994-04-19 Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh Liquid transfer device for an analysis unit
US5307263A (en) 1992-11-17 1994-04-26 Raya Systems, Inc. Modular microprocessor-based health monitoring system
US5306623A (en) 1989-08-28 1994-04-26 Lifescan, Inc. Visual blood glucose concentration test strip
US5312590A (en) 1989-04-24 1994-05-17 National University Of Singapore Amperometric sensor for single and multicomponent analysis
US5314441A (en) 1992-10-16 1994-05-24 International Technidyne Corporation Disposable slicing lancet assembly
US5314442A (en) 1992-10-26 1994-05-24 Apls Co., Ltd. Blood collecting apparatus
US5316012A (en) 1993-02-10 1994-05-31 Tzony Siegal Device for testing pin prick sensation
US5315793A (en) 1991-10-01 1994-05-31 Hughes Aircraft Company System for precision cleaning by jet spray
US5318583A (en) 1992-05-05 1994-06-07 Ryder International Corporation Lancet actuator mechanism
US5320808A (en) 1988-08-02 1994-06-14 Abbott Laboratories Reaction cartridge and carousel for biological sample analyzer
US5320607A (en) 1992-02-13 1994-06-14 Kabushiki Kaisya Advance Simple blood sampling device
US5324303A (en) 1992-09-25 1994-06-28 Amg Medical, Inc. Combined lancet and multi-function cap and lancet injector for use therewith
US5330634A (en) 1992-08-28 1994-07-19 Via Medical Corporation Calibration solutions useful for analyses of biological fluids and methods employing same
US5332479A (en) 1991-05-17 1994-07-26 Kyoto Daiichi Kagaku Co., Ltd. Biosensor and method of quantitative analysis using the same
US5341206A (en) 1992-12-03 1994-08-23 Hewlett-Packard Company Method for calibrating a spectrograph for gaseous samples
US5342382A (en) 1991-01-15 1994-08-30 Ethicon, Inc. Surgical trocar
US5344703A (en) 1991-06-25 1994-09-06 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Ordered polymer/sol-gel microcomposite laminates with peek resin adhesive
US5350392A (en) 1994-02-03 1994-09-27 Miles Inc. Lancing device with automatic cocking
US5354447A (en) 1991-12-12 1994-10-11 Kyoto Daiichi Kagaku Co., Ltd. Biosensor and method of quantitative analysis using the same
US5354287A (en) 1991-01-16 1994-10-11 Senetek Plc Injector for delivering fluid to internal target tissue
US5356420A (en) 1992-08-03 1994-10-18 Przedsiebiorstwo Zagraniczne Htl Device for puncturing
US5360410A (en) 1991-01-16 1994-11-01 Senetek Plc Safety syringe for mixing two-component medicaments
US5365699A (en) 1990-09-27 1994-11-22 Jay Armstrong Blast cleaning system
US5366609A (en) 1993-06-08 1994-11-22 Boehringer Mannheim Corporation Biosensing meter with pluggable memory key
US5366469A (en) 1992-04-16 1994-11-22 Arta Plast Ab Lancet device for puncturing the skin
US5366470A (en) 1991-11-12 1994-11-22 Ramel Urs A Lancet device
US5368047A (en) 1993-04-28 1994-11-29 Nissho Corporation Suction-type blood sampler
US5370509A (en) 1989-05-08 1994-12-06 The Cleveland Clinic Foundation Sealless rotodynamic pump with fluid bearing
US5372135A (en) 1991-12-31 1994-12-13 Vivascan Corporation Blood constituent determination based on differential spectral analysis
DE4320347A1 (en) 1993-06-19 1994-12-22 Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh Quinazoline derivatives and medicaments containing them
US5375397A (en) 1993-06-22 1994-12-27 Ferrand; Robert J. Curve-conforming sensor array pad and method of measuring saddle pressures on a horse
EP0630609A2 (en) 1993-06-21 1994-12-28 Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh Blood lancet device for obtaining blood samples for diagnosis purposes
US5378628A (en) 1991-02-21 1995-01-03 Asulab, S.A. Sensor for measuring the amount of a component in solution
US5383885A (en) 1993-06-29 1995-01-24 Bland; Todd A. Blood collection and testing device
US5389534A (en) 1992-03-23 1995-02-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Biosensor containing a biochemical substance immobilized on a layer of an olefinic-unsaturated, epoxyfunctional polyether
US5390450A (en) 1993-11-08 1995-02-21 Ford Motor Company Supersonic exhaust nozzle having reduced noise levels for CO2 cleaning system
US5393903A (en) 1991-02-21 1995-02-28 Asulab S.A. Mono, bis or tris(substituted 2,2'-bipyridine) iron, ruthenium, osmium or vanadium complexes and their methods of preparation
US5395387A (en) 1993-02-26 1995-03-07 Becton Dickinson And Company Lancet blade designed for reduced pain
US5395339A (en) 1992-01-31 1995-03-07 Sherwood Medical Company Medical device with sterile fluid pathway
US5397334A (en) 1994-01-11 1995-03-14 Sherwood Medical Company Distal movement limiting assembly for finger stick device
US5401376A (en) 1993-04-09 1995-03-28 Ciba Corning Diagnostics Corp. Electrochemical sensors
US5402798A (en) 1991-07-18 1995-04-04 Swierczek; Remi Disposable skin perforator and blood testing device
US5405283A (en) 1993-11-08 1995-04-11 Ford Motor Company CO2 cleaning system and method
US5405510A (en) * 1992-05-18 1995-04-11 Ppg Industries, Inc. Portable analyte measuring system for multiple fluid samples
US5407545A (en) 1993-04-30 1995-04-18 Kyoto Daiichi Kagaku Co., Ltd. Method for measuring sample by enzyme electrodes
US5407554A (en) 1993-05-10 1995-04-18 Asulab S.A. Electrochemical sensor with multiple zones on a disc and its application to the quantitative analysis of glucose
US5407818A (en) 1992-03-23 1995-04-18 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Biosensor containing a biochemical substance immobilized on a layer of olefinic-unsaturated, epoxy functional cross-linked polysiloxane
US5410474A (en) 1993-07-27 1995-04-25 Miles Inc. Buttonless memory system for an electronic measurement device
US5409583A (en) 1992-09-30 1995-04-25 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Method for measuring concentrations of substrates in a sample liquid by using a biosensor
US5410059A (en) 1992-12-15 1995-04-25 Asulab S.A. Transition metal complexes having 2,2'-bipyridine ligands substituted by at least one ammonium alkyl radical
US5409664A (en) 1993-09-28 1995-04-25 Chemtrak, Inc. Laminated assay device
EP0415388B1 (en) 1989-08-30 1995-05-03 Daikin Industries, Limited Method and apparatus for reviving an electrode of a biosensor
US5415169A (en) 1989-11-21 1995-05-16 Fischer Imaging Corporation Motorized mammographic biopsy apparatus
US5418142A (en) 1989-08-28 1995-05-23 Lifescan, Inc. Glucose test strip for whole blood
US5424545A (en) 1992-07-15 1995-06-13 Myron J. Block Non-invasive non-spectrophotometric infrared measurement of blood analyte concentrations
DE4344452A1 (en) 1993-12-24 1995-06-29 Hoechst Ag Aza-4-iminoquinolines, process for their preparation and their use
EP0662367A1 (en) 1993-12-23 1995-07-12 Hughes Aircraft Company CO2 jet spray system employing a thermal CO2 snow plume sensor
US5436161A (en) 1988-11-10 1995-07-25 Pharmacia Biosensor Ab Matrix coating for sensing surfaces capable of selective biomolecular interactions, to be used in biosensor systems
US5437999A (en) 1994-02-22 1995-08-01 Boehringer Mannheim Corporation Electrochemical sensor
US5443701A (en) 1992-08-25 1995-08-22 Yissum Research Development Company Of Hebrew University Of Jerusalem Electrobiochemical analytical method and electrodes
US5445920A (en) 1993-02-18 1995-08-29 Nec Corporation Fabrication process of biosensor
US5453360A (en) 1992-02-03 1995-09-26 Lifescan, Inc. Oxidative coupling dye for spectrophotometric quantitive analysis of analytes
USD362719S (en) 1994-07-11 1995-09-26 Medicore, Inc. Combined lancet and flowered cap
US5454828A (en) 1994-03-16 1995-10-03 Schraga; Steven Lancet unit with safety sleeve
US5459325A (en) 1994-07-19 1995-10-17 Molecular Dynamics, Inc. High-speed fluorescence scanner
US5460182A (en) 1992-09-14 1995-10-24 Sextant Medical Corporation Tissue penetrating apparatus and methods
US5462533A (en) 1993-07-23 1995-10-31 Becton, Dickinson And Company Self contained needle and shield
US5464418A (en) 1993-12-09 1995-11-07 Schraga; Steven Reusable lancet device
US5465722A (en) 1991-12-11 1995-11-14 Fort; J. Robert Synthetic aperture ultrasound imaging system
US5471102A (en) 1994-05-09 1995-11-28 Becker; Gregory R. Reciprocating shaft device
US5472427A (en) 1993-10-22 1995-12-05 Rammler; David H. Trocar device
US5474084A (en) 1994-03-15 1995-12-12 Cunniff; Joseph G. Algesimeter with detachable pin wheel
EP0368474B1 (en) 1988-10-07 1995-12-13 MediSense, Inc. Enhanced amperometric sensor
EP0461601B1 (en) 1990-06-12 1995-12-13 Daikin Industries, Limited Method and apparatus for maintaining the activity of an enzyme electrode
US5476474A (en) 1994-07-27 1995-12-19 Ryder International Corporation Rotary lancet
US5480387A (en) 1991-07-24 1996-01-02 Medico Development Investment Company Injection device
US5487748A (en) 1992-04-01 1996-01-30 Owen Mumford Limited Blood sampling device
USD367109S (en) 1995-01-24 1996-02-13 Lifescan, Inc. Test strip holder
US5490505A (en) 1991-03-07 1996-02-13 Masimo Corporation Signal processing apparatus
US5496274A (en) 1992-11-23 1996-03-05 Becton, Dickinson And Company Locking safety needle assembly
US5498542A (en) 1994-09-29 1996-03-12 Bayer Corporation Electrode mediators for regeneration of NADH and NADPH
US5501836A (en) 1994-07-11 1996-03-26 Hewlett Packard Company Entrapped non-enzymatic macromolecules for chemical sensing
US5501893A (en) 1992-12-05 1996-03-26 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method of anisotropically etching silicon
US5507629A (en) 1994-06-17 1996-04-16 Jarvik; Robert Artificial hearts with permanent magnet bearings
US5509410A (en) 1983-06-06 1996-04-23 Medisense, Inc. Strip electrode including screen printing of a single layer
US5510266A (en) 1995-05-05 1996-04-23 Bayer Corporation Method and apparatus of handling multiple sensors in a glucose monitoring instrument system
US5512159A (en) 1992-01-21 1996-04-30 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co. Ltd. Biosensor
US5515170A (en) 1994-09-08 1996-05-07 Lifescan, Inc. Analyte detection device having a serpentine passageway for indicator strips
US5514152A (en) 1994-08-16 1996-05-07 Specialized Health Products, Inc. Multiple segment encapsulated medical lancing device
US5518006A (en) 1994-08-09 1996-05-21 International Technidyne Corp. Blood sampling device
US5526120A (en) 1994-09-08 1996-06-11 Lifescan, Inc. Test strip with an asymmetrical end insuring correct insertion for measuring
US5524636A (en) 1992-12-21 1996-06-11 Artann Corporation Dba Artann Laboratories Method and apparatus for elasticity imaging
US5525518A (en) 1988-12-22 1996-06-11 Radiometer Medical A/S Method of photometric in vitro determination of a blood gas parameter in a blood sample
US5525511A (en) 1990-09-01 1996-06-11 Environmental & Medical Products Ltd. Electrochemical biosensor stability
US5527333A (en) 1994-09-09 1996-06-18 Graphic Controls Corporation Slicing disposable blood sampling device
US5527334A (en) 1994-05-25 1996-06-18 Ryder International Corporation Disposable, retractable lancet
USD371198S (en) 1995-04-10 1996-06-25 Lifescan, Inc. Blood glucose meter
US5529074A (en) 1993-02-26 1996-06-25 Greenfield; Jon B. Uniform pressure diagnostic pinwheel
EP0552223B1 (en) 1990-10-10 1996-07-17 Novo Nordisk A/S Use of benzene derivatives as charge transfer mediators
US5540676A (en) 1988-11-10 1996-07-30 Premier Laser Systems, Inc. Method of laser surgery using multiple wavelengths
US5543326A (en) 1994-03-04 1996-08-06 Heller; Adam Biosensor including chemically modified enzymes
US5545291A (en) 1993-12-17 1996-08-13 The Regents Of The University Of California Method for fabricating self-assembling microstructures
US5547702A (en) 1994-07-08 1996-08-20 Polymer Technology International Corporation Method for continuous manufacture of diagnostic test strips
USD373419S (en) 1994-09-12 1996-09-03 Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. Sphygmomanometer
US5554153A (en) 1994-08-29 1996-09-10 Cell Robotics, Inc. Laser skin perforator
US5558834A (en) 1991-10-03 1996-09-24 Bayer Corporation Device and method of seperating and assaying whole blood
US5563031A (en) 1994-09-08 1996-10-08 Lifescan, Inc. Highly stable oxidative coupling dye for spectrophotometric determination of analytes
US5562696A (en) 1992-11-12 1996-10-08 Cordis Innovasive Systems, Inc. Visualization trocar
US5562384A (en) 1991-12-23 1996-10-08 Joseph Alvite Tape packaging system with removeable covers
US5569286A (en) 1995-03-29 1996-10-29 Becton Dickinson And Company Lancet assembly
US5569287A (en) 1993-12-09 1996-10-29 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Means for collecting and spotting small amount of blood
US5571132A (en) 1995-06-06 1996-11-05 International Technidyne Corporation Self activated finger lancet
US5575403A (en) 1995-01-13 1996-11-19 Bayer Corporation Dispensing instrument for fluid monitoring sensors
US5575284A (en) 1994-04-01 1996-11-19 University Of South Florida Portable pulse oximeter
US5575895A (en) 1994-06-02 1996-11-19 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor and method for producing the same
US5582697A (en) 1995-03-17 1996-12-10 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor, and a method and a device for quantifying a substrate in a sample liquid using the same
US5584846A (en) 1995-10-27 1996-12-17 International Technidyne Corporation Low cost disposable lancet
US5591139A (en) 1994-06-06 1997-01-07 The Regents Of The University Of California IC-processed microneedles
US5593852A (en) 1993-12-02 1997-01-14 Heller; Adam Subcutaneous glucose electrode
US5599501A (en) 1994-11-10 1997-02-04 Ciba Corning Diagnostics Corp. Incubation chamber
EP0654659B1 (en) 1988-06-09 1997-02-12 Boehringer Mannheim Corporation Defined volume test device
US5605837A (en) 1996-02-14 1997-02-25 Lifescan, Inc. Control solution for a blood glucose monitor
EP0505504B1 (en) 1989-12-15 1997-03-05 Boehringer Mannheim Corporation Biosensor electrode excitation circuit
US5609749A (en) 1993-12-29 1997-03-11 Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Electrochemical assay method with novel p-phenylenediamine compound
US5611809A (en) 1994-11-04 1997-03-18 Owen Mumford Limited Needle devices for medical use
US5611810A (en) 1994-08-31 1997-03-18 James E. Arnold Hair transplantation apparatus
USD378612S (en) 1995-05-23 1997-03-25 Lifescan, Inc. Blood glucose meter
US5613978A (en) 1996-06-04 1997-03-25 Palco Laboratories Adjustable tip for lancet device
US5616135A (en) 1995-01-10 1997-04-01 Specialized Health Products, Inc. Self retracting medical needle apparatus and methods
WO1997011883A1 (en) 1995-09-26 1997-04-03 Bilwinco A/S A packaging machine and a method for packaging units in portions
US5617851A (en) 1992-10-14 1997-04-08 Endodermic Medical Technologies Company Ultrasonic transdermal system for withdrawing fluid from an organism and determining the concentration of a substance in the fluid
US5618297A (en) 1994-10-13 1997-04-08 Applied Medical Resources Obturator with internal tip protector
US5620579A (en) 1995-05-05 1997-04-15 Bayer Corporation Apparatus for reduction of bias in amperometric sensors
US5620863A (en) 1989-08-28 1997-04-15 Lifescan, Inc. Blood glucose strip having reduced side reactions
US5620279A (en) 1994-07-11 1997-04-15 Toyo Boseki Kabushiki Kaisha Artificial water plant system for controlling sediment transport on a water bed
US5624458A (en) 1993-10-20 1997-04-29 Anne Marie Varro Lancet device
US5624459A (en) 1995-01-26 1997-04-29 Symbiosis Corporation Trocar having an improved cutting tip configuration
US5624537A (en) 1994-09-20 1997-04-29 The University Of British Columbia - University-Industry Liaison Office Biosensor and interface membrane
US5628890A (en) 1995-09-27 1997-05-13 Medisense, Inc. Electrochemical sensor
US5628765A (en) 1994-11-29 1997-05-13 Apls Co., Ltd. Lancet assembly
US5628961A (en) 1993-10-28 1997-05-13 I-Stat Corporation Apparatus for assaying viscosity changes in fluid samples and method of conducting same
US5628764A (en) 1995-03-21 1997-05-13 Schraga; Steven Collar lancet device
US5630986A (en) 1995-01-13 1997-05-20 Bayer Corporation Dispensing instrument for fluid monitoring sensors
US5630828A (en) 1996-04-17 1997-05-20 International Techndyne Corporation Low cost disposable lancet
US5632410A (en) 1995-04-17 1997-05-27 Bayer Corporation Means of handling multiple sensors in a glucose monitoring instrument system
USD379516S (en) 1996-03-04 1997-05-27 Bayer Corporation Lancet
US5643308A (en) 1995-02-28 1997-07-01 Markman; Barry Stephen Method and apparatus for forming multiple cavities for placement of hair grafts
US5643306A (en) 1996-03-22 1997-07-01 Stat Medical Devices Inc. Disposable lancet
US5647851A (en) 1995-06-12 1997-07-15 Pokras; Norman M. Method and apparatus for vibrating an injection device
US5650062A (en) 1995-03-17 1997-07-22 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor, and a method and a device for quantifying a substrate in a sample liquid using the same
USD381591S (en) 1996-05-31 1997-07-29 Lifescan, Inc. Visual test strip
US5657760A (en) 1994-05-03 1997-08-19 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Apparatus and method for noninvasive doppler ultrasound-guided real-time control of tissue damage in thermal therapy
US5658444A (en) 1993-05-12 1997-08-19 Medisense, Inc. Electrochemical sensors
US5660791A (en) 1996-06-06 1997-08-26 Bayer Corporation Fluid testing sensor for use in dispensing instrument
US5662127A (en) 1996-01-17 1997-09-02 Bio-Plas, Inc. Self-contained blood withdrawal apparatus and method
US5662672A (en) 1996-05-23 1997-09-02 Array Medical, Inc. Single use, bi-directional linear motion lancet
USD383550S (en) 1996-02-09 1997-09-09 Lifescan, Inc. Reagent test strip
US5666966A (en) 1994-06-24 1997-09-16 Nissho Corporation Suction-type blood sampler
US5678306A (en) 1993-11-10 1997-10-21 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Method for reducing pumping damage to blood
US5680872A (en) 1993-08-10 1997-10-28 Kabushiki Kaisya Advance Simple blood-collecting device
US5682233A (en) 1995-09-08 1997-10-28 Integ, Inc. Interstitial fluid sampler
US5682884A (en) 1983-05-05 1997-11-04 Medisense, Inc. Strip electrode with screen printing
US5683562A (en) 1994-09-14 1997-11-04 Avl Medical Instruments Ag Planar sensor for determining a chemical parameter of a sample
US5691898A (en) 1995-09-27 1997-11-25 Immersion Human Interface Corp. Safe and low cost computer peripherals with force feedback for consumer applications
US5692514A (en) 1993-08-13 1997-12-02 Thermal Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for measuring continuous blood flow at low power
US5695947A (en) 1995-06-06 1997-12-09 Biomedix, Inc. Amperometric cholesterol biosensor
EP0415393B1 (en) 1989-08-30 1997-12-10 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Method and apparatus for reviving an electrode of a biosensor
US5700695A (en) 1994-06-30 1997-12-23 Zia Yassinzadeh Sample collection and manipulation method
US5705045A (en) 1995-08-29 1998-01-06 Lg Electronics Inc. Multi-biosensor for GPT and got activity
US5708247A (en) 1996-02-14 1998-01-13 Selfcare, Inc. Disposable glucose test strips, and methods and compositions for making same
US5707384A (en) 1995-06-26 1998-01-13 Teramecs Co., Ltd. Lancet device for obtaining blood samples
US5709668A (en) 1991-01-16 1998-01-20 Senetek Plc Automatic medicament injector employing non-coring needle
US5710011A (en) 1992-06-05 1998-01-20 Medisense, Inc. Mediators to oxidoreductase enzymes
US5714390A (en) 1996-10-15 1998-02-03 Bio-Tech Imaging, Inc. Cartridge test system for the collection and testing of blood in a single step
US5714123A (en) 1996-09-30 1998-02-03 Lifescan, Inc. Protective shield for a blood glucose strip
EP0823239A2 (en) 1996-08-05 1998-02-11 Becton, Dickinson and Company Bi-level charge pulse apparatus to facilitate nerve location during peropheral nerve block procedures
US5719034A (en) 1995-03-27 1998-02-17 Lifescan, Inc. Chemical timer for a visual test strip
US5720862A (en) 1995-04-07 1998-02-24 Kyoto Daiichi Kagaku Co., Ltd. Sensor and production method of and measurement method using the same
US5720924A (en) 1993-04-23 1998-02-24 Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh Storage system for test elements
US5723284A (en) 1996-04-01 1998-03-03 Bayer Corporation Control solution and method for testing the performance of an electrochemical device for determining the concentration of an analyte in blood
USD392391S (en) 1996-02-23 1998-03-17 Mercury Diagnostics Inc. Disposable blood testing device
US5730753A (en) 1995-07-28 1998-03-24 Apls Co., Ltd. Assembly for adjusting pricking depth of lancet
USD392740S (en) 1996-12-31 1998-03-24 Lifescan, Inc. Blood glucose monitoring system
US5729905A (en) 1995-09-11 1998-03-24 Dwayne L. Mason Foot measuring apparatus and circuitry to eliminate multiplexes and demultiplexers
US5733085A (en) 1996-08-06 1998-03-31 Illinois Tool Works, Inc. Fastener assembly and adhesive composition
US5735868A (en) 1996-05-01 1998-04-07 Lee; Young H. Intramuscular stimulator
US5736103A (en) 1996-08-09 1998-04-07 Lifescan, Inc. Remote-dosing analyte concentration meter
USD393717S (en) 1997-03-21 1998-04-21 Bayer Corporation Lancet endcap pointer
US5741634A (en) 1993-08-03 1998-04-21 A & D Company Limited Throwaway type chemical sensor
USD393716S (en) 1997-03-24 1998-04-21 Bayer Corporation Lancet endcap
US5746217A (en) 1993-10-13 1998-05-05 Integ Incorporated Interstitial fluid collection and constituent measurement
US5746761A (en) 1997-07-03 1998-05-05 Arkadiy Turchin Disposable lancet for finger/heel stick
EP0560336B1 (en) 1992-03-12 1998-05-06 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. A biosensor including a catalyst made from phosphate
US5753452A (en) 1996-04-04 1998-05-19 Lifescan, Inc. Reagent test strip for blood glucose determination
US5753429A (en) 1996-08-09 1998-05-19 Lifescan, Inc. Analyte concentration measurement using a hollow frustum
US5755228A (en) 1995-06-07 1998-05-26 Hologic, Inc. Equipment and method for calibration and quality assurance of an ultrasonic bone anaylsis apparatus
US5759364A (en) 1997-05-02 1998-06-02 Bayer Corporation Electrochemical biosensor
US5758643A (en) 1996-07-29 1998-06-02 Via Medical Corporation Method and apparatus for monitoring blood chemistry
US5762770A (en) 1994-02-21 1998-06-09 Boehringer Mannheim Corporation Electrochemical biosensor test strip
DE29800611U1 (en) 1998-01-15 1998-06-10 Hipp Hannelore Surgical knife
US5770369A (en) 1993-12-10 1998-06-23 California Institute Of Technology Nucleic acid mediated electron transfer
US5770086A (en) 1996-01-25 1998-06-23 Eureka| Science Corp. Methods and apparatus using hydrogels
US5773270A (en) 1991-03-12 1998-06-30 Chiron Diagnostics Corporation Three-layered membrane for use in an electrochemical sensor system
US5772677A (en) 1996-09-24 1998-06-30 International Technidyne Corporation Incision device capable of automatic assembly and a method of assembly
US5772586A (en) 1996-02-12 1998-06-30 Nokia Mobile Phones, Ltd. Method for monitoring the health of a patient
US5776157A (en) 1996-10-02 1998-07-07 Specialized Health Products, Inc. Lancet apparatus and methods
US5776719A (en) 1997-07-07 1998-07-07 Mercury Diagnostics, Inc. Diagnostic compositions and devices utilizing same
US5780304A (en) 1994-09-08 1998-07-14 Lifescan, Inc. Method and apparatus for analyte detection having on-strip standard
US5779365A (en) 1992-11-25 1998-07-14 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Temperature sensor for medical application
US5782770A (en) 1994-05-12 1998-07-21 Science Applications International Corporation Hyperspectral imaging methods and apparatus for non-invasive diagnosis of tissue for cancer
US5782852A (en) 1996-09-27 1998-07-21 International Technidyne Corporation Plastic incision blade
US5789255A (en) 1995-10-17 1998-08-04 Lifescan, Inc. Blood glucose strip having reduced sensitivity to hematocrit
US5788652A (en) 1997-03-24 1998-08-04 S&H Diagnostics, Inc. Blood sample collection device
US5788651A (en) 1995-01-26 1998-08-04 Weilandt; Anders Instrument and apparatus for biopsy
US5795774A (en) 1996-07-10 1998-08-18 Nec Corporation Biosensor
US5795725A (en) 1995-04-18 1998-08-18 Biosite Diagnostics Incorporated Methods for the assay of troponin I and T and selection of antibodies for use in immunoassays
US5797942A (en) 1996-09-23 1998-08-25 Schraga; Steven Re-usable end cap for re-usable lancet devices for removing and disposing of a contaminated lancet
US5797940A (en) 1997-05-30 1998-08-25 International Technidyne Corporation Adjustable skin incision device
US5798030A (en) 1995-05-17 1998-08-25 Australian Membrane And Biotechnology Research Institute Biosensor membranes
US5798031A (en) 1997-05-12 1998-08-25 Bayer Corporation Electrochemical biosensor
US5800781A (en) 1994-10-21 1998-09-01 International Technidyne Corporation Blood sampling device
US5801057A (en) 1996-03-22 1998-09-01 Smart; Wilson H. Microsampling device and method of construction
US5810199A (en) 1996-06-10 1998-09-22 Bayer Corporation Dispensing instrument for fluid monitoring sensor
USD399566S (en) 1997-08-04 1998-10-13 Lifescan, Inc. Blood glucose meter
US5824491A (en) 1996-05-17 1998-10-20 Mercury Diagnostics, Inc. Dry reagent test strip comprising benzidine dye precursor and antipyrine compound
US5823973A (en) 1995-09-08 1998-10-20 Integ, Inc. Needle assembly for fluid sampler
US5827181A (en) 1995-09-07 1998-10-27 Hewlett-Packard Co. Noninvasive blood chemistry measurement method and system
US5830219A (en) 1997-02-24 1998-11-03 Trex Medical Corporation Apparatus for holding and driving a surgical cutting device using stereotactic mammography guidance
US5829589A (en) 1997-09-12 1998-11-03 Becton Dickinson And Company Pen needle magazine dispenser
US5835570A (en) 1996-06-26 1998-11-10 At&T Corp Voice-directed telephone directory with voice access to directory assistance
US5840020A (en) 1996-02-12 1998-11-24 Nokia Mobile Phones, Ltd. Monitoring method and a monitoring equipment
US5840171A (en) 1992-12-23 1998-11-24 Unilever Patent Holdings Bv Electrochemical reactions
US5843691A (en) 1993-05-15 1998-12-01 Lifescan, Inc. Visually-readable reagent test strip
US5846216A (en) 1995-04-06 1998-12-08 G & P Technologies, Inc. Mucous membrane infusor and method of use for dispensing medications
US5846490A (en) 1994-05-10 1998-12-08 Bayer Corporation Automated test strip supplying system
US5846486A (en) 1996-08-09 1998-12-08 Lifescan, Inc. Hollow frustum reagent test device
US5849174A (en) 1994-08-01 1998-12-15 Medisense, Inc. Electrodes and their use in analysis
US5855377A (en) 1996-11-13 1999-01-05 Murphy; William G. Dead length collect chuck assembly
US5856195A (en) 1996-10-30 1999-01-05 Bayer Corporation Method and apparatus for calibrating a sensor element
US5856174A (en) 1995-06-29 1999-01-05 Affymetrix, Inc. Integrated nucleic acid diagnostic device
USD403975S (en) 1997-06-17 1999-01-12 Mercury Diagnostics, Inc. Test strip device
US5858804A (en) 1994-11-10 1999-01-12 Sarnoff Corporation Immunological assay conducted in a microlaboratory array
US5857983A (en) 1996-05-17 1999-01-12 Mercury Diagnostics, Inc. Methods and apparatus for sampling body fluid
US5857967A (en) 1997-07-09 1999-01-12 Hewlett-Packard Company Universally accessible healthcare devices with on the fly generation of HTML files
US5860922A (en) 1995-09-07 1999-01-19 Technion Research And Development Foundation Ltd. Determining blood flow by measurement of temperature
US5866353A (en) 1996-12-09 1999-02-02 Bayer Corporation Electro chemical biosensor containing diazacyanine mediator for co-enzyme regeneration
US5869972A (en) 1996-02-26 1999-02-09 Birch; Brian Jeffrey Testing device using a thermochromic display and method of using same
US5868772A (en) 1997-07-31 1999-02-09 Bayer Corporation Blood sampling device with anti-twist lancet holder
US5872713A (en) 1996-10-30 1999-02-16 Mercury Diagnostics, Inc. Synchronized analyte testing system
US5871494A (en) 1997-12-04 1999-02-16 Hewlett-Packard Company Reproducible lancing for sampling blood
WO1999007431A1 (en) 1997-08-11 1999-02-18 Becton Dickinson And Company Catheter introducer
US5873887A (en) 1996-10-25 1999-02-23 Bayer Corporation Blood sampling device
US5876957A (en) 1997-01-09 1999-03-02 Mercury Diagnostics, Inc. Methods for applying a reagent to an analytical test device
US5876351A (en) 1997-04-10 1999-03-02 Mitchell Rohde Portable modular diagnostic medical device
EP0898936A2 (en) 1997-07-31 1999-03-03 Bayer Corporation Blood sampling device with lancet damping system
EP0505475B1 (en) 1989-12-15 1999-03-03 Boehringer Mannheim Corporation Biosensing instrument and method
US5880829A (en) 1996-09-02 1999-03-09 Nokia Mobile Phones Limited Apparatus for taking and analysing liquid samples, such as blood samples
US5879311A (en) 1996-05-17 1999-03-09 Mercury Diagnostics, Inc. Body fluid sampling device and methods of use
US5879373A (en) 1994-12-24 1999-03-09 Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh System and method for the determination of tissue properties
US5882494A (en) 1995-03-27 1999-03-16 Minimed, Inc. Polyurethane/polyurea compositions containing silicone for biosensor membranes
US5886056A (en) 1997-04-25 1999-03-23 Exxon Research And Engineering Company Rapid injection process and apparatus for producing synthesis gas (law 560)
US5890128A (en) 1996-03-04 1999-03-30 Diaz; H. Benjamin Personalized hand held calorie computer (ECC)
US5892569A (en) 1996-11-22 1999-04-06 Jozef F. Van de Velde Scanning laser ophthalmoscope optimized for retinal microphotocoagulation
US5891053A (en) 1995-05-25 1999-04-06 Kabushiki Kaisya Advance Blood-collecting device
US5893848A (en) 1996-10-24 1999-04-13 Plc Medical Systems, Inc. Gauging system for monitoring channel depth in percutaneous endocardial revascularization
US5897569A (en) 1997-04-16 1999-04-27 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Ultrasonic generator with supervisory control circuitry
US5900130A (en) 1997-06-18 1999-05-04 Alcara Biosciences, Inc. Method for sample injection in microchannel device
US5899915A (en) 1996-12-02 1999-05-04 Angiotrax, Inc. Apparatus and method for intraoperatively performing surgery
US5902731A (en) 1998-09-28 1999-05-11 Lifescan, Inc. Diagnostics based on tetrazolium compounds
US5906921A (en) 1997-09-29 1999-05-25 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor and method for quantitative measurement of a substrate using the same
EP0470649B1 (en) 1986-07-23 1999-06-02 Unilever Plc Method for electrochemical measurements
US5911937A (en) 1995-04-19 1999-06-15 Capitol Specialty Plastics, Inc. Desiccant entrained polymer
US5912134A (en) 1994-09-02 1999-06-15 Biometric Imaging, Inc. Disposable cartridge and method for an assay of a biological sample
US5916229A (en) 1996-02-07 1999-06-29 Evans; Donald Rotating needle biopsy device and method
USD411619S (en) 1997-11-21 1999-06-29 Mercury Diagnostics, Inc. Blood sampling lancet
US5916156A (en) 1996-02-15 1999-06-29 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Electrochemical sensors having improved selectivity and enhanced sensitivity
US5916230A (en) 1997-06-16 1999-06-29 Bayer Corporation Blood sampling device with adjustable end cap
US5919711A (en) 1997-08-07 1999-07-06 Careside, Inc. Analytical cartridge
US5922530A (en) 1994-09-08 1999-07-13 Lifescan, Inc. Stable coupling dye for photometric determination of analytes
US5922188A (en) 1996-03-12 1999-07-13 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor and method for quantitating biochemical substrate using the same
US5921963A (en) 1992-04-29 1999-07-13 Mali-Tech Ltd. Skin piercing devices for medical use
US5931794A (en) 1997-10-21 1999-08-03 Pitesky; Isadore Allergy testing apparatus
US5935075A (en) 1995-09-20 1999-08-10 Texas Heart Institute Detecting thermal discrepancies in vessel walls
US5940153A (en) 1998-04-03 1999-08-17 Motorola, Inc. Display assembly having LCD and seal captured between interlocking lens cover and lightpipe
US5938679A (en) 1997-10-14 1999-08-17 Hewlett-Packard Company Apparatus and method for minimally invasive blood sampling
US5938635A (en) 1996-12-30 1999-08-17 Kuhle; William G. Biopsy needle with flared tip
USRE36268E (en) 1988-03-15 1999-08-17 Boehringer Mannheim Corporation Method and apparatus for amperometric diagnostic analysis
US5942189A (en) 1996-10-16 1999-08-24 Avl Medical Instruments Ag Luminescence-optical method and sensor layer for quantitative determination of at least one chemical component of a gaseous or liquid sample
US5947957A (en) 1994-12-23 1999-09-07 Jmar Technology Co. Portable laser for blood sampling
US5951493A (en) 1997-05-16 1999-09-14 Mercury Diagnostics, Inc. Methods and apparatus for expressing body fluid from an incision
US5951492A (en) 1996-05-17 1999-09-14 Mercury Diagnostics, Inc. Methods and apparatus for sampling and analyzing body fluid
US5951582A (en) 1998-05-22 1999-09-14 Specialized Health Products, Inc. Lancet apparatus and methods
US5957846A (en) 1995-06-29 1999-09-28 Teratech Corporation Portable ultrasound imaging system
US5959098A (en) 1996-04-17 1999-09-28 Affymetrix, Inc. Substrate preparation process
US5958199A (en) 1996-03-13 1999-09-28 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor
US5961451A (en) 1997-04-07 1999-10-05 Motorola, Inc. Noninvasive apparatus having a retaining member to retain a removable biosensor
GB2335860A (en) 1998-03-30 1999-10-06 Hewlett Packard Co Apparatus and method for incising
GB2335990A (en) * 1998-03-30 1999-10-06 Hewlett Packard Co Hypodermic needle having an impedance sensor for sensing penetration depth
US5968836A (en) 1992-05-12 1999-10-19 Lifescan, Inc. Fluid conducting test strip with transport medium
US5968063A (en) 1997-05-14 1999-10-19 Jennifer Chu Intramuscular stimulation therapy facilitating device and method
US5972199A (en) 1995-10-11 1999-10-26 E. Heller & Company Electrochemical analyte sensors using thermostable peroxidase
US5972294A (en) 1996-04-04 1999-10-26 Lifescan, Inc. Reagent test strip for determination of blood glucose
US5971941A (en) 1997-12-04 1999-10-26 Hewlett-Packard Company Integrated system and method for sampling blood and analysis
EP0951939A2 (en) 1998-04-24 1999-10-27 Roche Diagnostics GmbH Storage container for analytical test elements
US5976085A (en) 1995-01-27 1999-11-02 Optical Sensors Incorporated In situ calibration system for sensors located in a physiologic line
US5983193A (en) 1996-06-19 1999-11-09 Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd. Patient's nursing apparatus and nursing system
EP0847447B1 (en) 1995-07-05 1999-11-10 Saicom S.R.L. Electrochemical biosensors and process for their preparation
DE19819407A1 (en) 1998-04-30 1999-11-11 Hendrik Priebs Cassette for disposable strip with test spots for e.g. blood sugar measurement
US5985116A (en) 1996-12-24 1999-11-16 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor
US5986754A (en) 1997-12-08 1999-11-16 Lifescan, Inc. Medical diagnostic apparatus using a Fresnel reflector
US5993434A (en) 1993-04-01 1999-11-30 Genetronics, Inc. Method of treatment using electroporation mediated delivery of drugs and genes
US5997561A (en) 1996-02-06 1999-12-07 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Skin cutter for painless extraction of small blood amounts
US5997817A (en) 1997-12-05 1999-12-07 Roche Diagnostics Corporation Electrochemical biosensor test strip
US5997818A (en) 1997-02-27 1999-12-07 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Cassette for tonometric calibration
USD417504S (en) 1998-12-04 1999-12-07 Lifescan, Inc. Blood glucose meter
US6001067A (en) 1997-03-04 1999-12-14 Shults; Mark C. Device and method for determining analyte levels
US6007497A (en) 1998-06-30 1999-12-28 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Surgical biopsy device
USD418602S (en) 1997-01-24 2000-01-04 Abbott Laboratories Measuring instrument for analysis of blood constituents
US6014577A (en) 1995-12-19 2000-01-11 Abbot Laboratories Device for the detection of analyte and administration of a therapeutic substance
US6018289A (en) 1995-06-15 2000-01-25 Sekura; Ronald D. Prescription compliance device and method of using device
US6020110A (en) 1994-06-24 2000-02-01 Cambridge Sensors Ltd. Production of electrodes for electrochemical sensing
US6022324A (en) 1998-01-02 2000-02-08 Skinner; Bruce A. J. Biopsy instrument
US6022748A (en) 1997-08-29 2000-02-08 Sandia Corporation - New Mexico Regents Of The University Of California Sol-gel matrices for direct colorimetric detection of analytes
US6023629A (en) 1994-06-24 2000-02-08 Cygnus, Inc. Method of sampling substances using alternating polarity of iontophoretic current
US6022366A (en) 1998-06-11 2000-02-08 Stat Medical Devices Inc. Lancet having adjustable penetration depth
US6027459A (en) 1996-12-06 2000-02-22 Abbott Laboratories Method and apparatus for obtaining blood for diagnostic tests
US6030399A (en) 1997-06-04 2000-02-29 Spectrx, Inc. Fluid jet blood sampling device and methods
US6030967A (en) 1996-08-20 2000-02-29 Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd. Naphtholactams and lactones as bone morphogenetic protein active agents
US6030827A (en) 1998-01-23 2000-02-29 I-Stat Corporation Microfabricated aperture-based sensor
US6033421A (en) 1997-07-11 2000-03-07 Scott Marsh Theiss Tattoo machine
US6033866A (en) 1997-12-08 2000-03-07 Biomedix, Inc. Highly sensitive amperometric bi-mediator-based glucose biosensor
US6037178A (en) 1995-07-17 2000-03-14 Avl Medical Instruments Ag Method for quality control of an analyzing system
US6036924A (en) * 1997-12-04 2000-03-14 Hewlett-Packard Company Cassette of lancet cartridges for sampling blood
US6045567A (en) 1999-02-23 2000-04-04 Lifescan Inc. Lancing device causing reduced pain
US6060327A (en) 1997-05-14 2000-05-09 Keensense, Inc. Molecular wire injection sensors
USD424696S (en) 1999-05-06 2000-05-09 Therasense, Inc. Glucose sensor
US6059815A (en) 1997-02-28 2000-05-09 The Regents Of The University Of California Microfabricated therapeutic actuators and release mechanisms therefor
US6063039A (en) 1996-12-06 2000-05-16 Abbott Laboratories Method and apparatus for obtaining blood for diagnostic tests
US6066243A (en) 1997-07-22 2000-05-23 Diametrics Medical, Inc. Portable immediate response medical analyzer having multiple testing modules
US6066296A (en) 1997-09-23 2000-05-23 Array Medical, Inc. Sample addition, reagent application, and testing chamber
US6067463A (en) 1999-01-05 2000-05-23 Abbott Laboratories Method and apparatus for non-invasively measuring the amount of glucose in blood
US6071294A (en) 1997-12-04 2000-06-06 Agilent Technologies, Inc. Lancet cartridge for sampling blood
US6071391A (en) 1997-09-12 2000-06-06 Nok Corporation Enzyme electrode structure
US6070761A (en) 1997-08-22 2000-06-06 Deka Products Limited Partnership Vial loading method and apparatus for intelligent admixture and delivery of intravenous drugs
US6074360A (en) 1997-07-21 2000-06-13 Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh Electromagnetic transdermal injection device and methods related thereto
USD426638S (en) 1999-05-06 2000-06-13 Therasense, Inc. Glucose sensor buttons
US6077408A (en) 1997-01-31 2000-06-20 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor and method of manufacturing the same
US6080172A (en) 1997-05-30 2000-06-27 Nec Corporation Device for stabbing a corneum layer
US6080106A (en) 1997-10-28 2000-06-27 Alere Incorporated Patient interface system with a scale
US6083196A (en) 1997-12-11 2000-07-04 Alza Corporation Device for enhancing transdermal agent flux
US6084660A (en) 1998-07-20 2000-07-04 Lifescan, Inc. Initiation of an analytical measurement in blood
US6085576A (en) 1998-03-20 2000-07-11 Cyrano Sciences, Inc. Handheld sensing apparatus
US6086544A (en) 1999-03-31 2000-07-11 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Control apparatus for an automated surgical biopsy device
US6086562A (en) 1997-10-27 2000-07-11 Sarcos, Inc. Disposable automatic injection device
USD428150S (en) 1999-02-23 2000-07-11 Lifescan, Inc. Lancing device
US6090078A (en) 1997-09-30 2000-07-18 Becton, Dickinson And Company Dampening devices and methods for needle retracting safety vascular access devices
US6091975A (en) 1998-04-01 2000-07-18 Alza Corporation Minimally invasive detecting device
USD428993S (en) 1999-03-10 2000-08-01 Braun Gmbh Blood pressure measuring device
US6100107A (en) 1998-08-06 2000-08-08 Industrial Technology Research Institute Microchannel-element assembly and preparation method thereof
US6099484A (en) 1996-05-17 2000-08-08 Amira Medical Methods and apparatus for sampling and analyzing body fluid
US6099802A (en) 1996-08-09 2000-08-08 Lifescan, Inc. Hollow frustum reagent test device
US6103509A (en) 1997-03-03 2000-08-15 Lifescan Inc. Modified glucose dehydrogenase
US6104940A (en) 1998-06-11 2000-08-15 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Electrode probe and body fluid examination equipment including the same
US6103033A (en) 1998-03-04 2000-08-15 Therasense, Inc. Process for producing an electrochemical biosensor
US6107083A (en) 1998-08-21 2000-08-22 Bayer Corporation Optical oxidative enzyme-based sensors
US6106751A (en) 1998-03-18 2000-08-22 The Regents Of The University Of California Method for fabricating needles via conformal deposition in two-piece molds
US6119033A (en) 1997-03-04 2000-09-12 Biotrack, Inc. Method of monitoring a location of an area of interest within a patient during a medical procedure
US6117115A (en) 1998-10-12 2000-09-12 B. Braun Medical, Inc. Medical tubing slide clamp device for determining proper tubing size and functional characteristics
US6117630A (en) 1997-10-30 2000-09-12 Motorola, Inc. Molecular detection apparatus and method
US6118126A (en) 1997-10-31 2000-09-12 Sarnoff Corporation Method for enhancing fluorescence
US6120462A (en) 1999-03-31 2000-09-19 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Control method for an automated surgical biopsy device
US6120676A (en) 1997-02-06 2000-09-19 Therasense, Inc. Method of using a small volume in vitro analyte sensor
DE20009475U1 (en) 2000-05-26 2000-09-21 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Body fluid withdrawal system
US6126804A (en) 1997-09-23 2000-10-03 The Regents Of The University Of California Integrated polymerase chain reaction/electrophoresis instrument
US6126899A (en) 1996-04-03 2000-10-03 The Perkins-Elmer Corporation Device for multiple analyte detection
US6129823A (en) 1997-09-05 2000-10-10 Abbott Laboratories Low volume electrochemical sensor
US6132449A (en) 1999-03-08 2000-10-17 Agilent Technologies, Inc. Extraction and transportation of blood for analysis
US6133837A (en) 1999-03-05 2000-10-17 Hill-Rom, Inc. Patient position system and method for a support surface
US6134461A (en) 1998-03-04 2000-10-17 E. Heller & Company Electrochemical analyte
US6136013A (en) 1996-09-18 2000-10-24 Owen Mumford Limited Lancet device
US6144976A (en) 1993-02-26 2000-11-07 Norand Corporation Hand-held data collection computer terminal having power management architecture including switchable multi-purpose input display screen
US6149203A (en) 1995-07-26 2000-11-21 Lifescan, Inc. Tamper-evident closure seal
US6153069A (en) 1995-02-09 2000-11-28 Tall Oak Ventures Apparatus for amperometric Diagnostic analysis
US6152875A (en) 1997-12-25 2000-11-28 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Glucose concentration measuring method and apparatus
US6152942A (en) 1999-06-14 2000-11-28 Bayer Corporation Vacuum assisted lancing device
US6157442A (en) 1998-06-19 2000-12-05 Microsense International Llc Micro optical fiber sensor device
US6155992A (en) 1997-12-02 2000-12-05 Abbott Laboratories Method and apparatus for obtaining interstitial fluid for diagnostic tests
US6159147A (en) 1997-02-28 2000-12-12 Qrs Diagnostics, Llc Personal computer card for collection of real-time biological data
US6159424A (en) 1997-06-19 2000-12-12 Nokia Mobile Phones, Ltd. Apparatus for taking samples
USRE36991E (en) 1993-07-23 2000-12-19 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor and method for producing the same
US6162397A (en) 1998-08-13 2000-12-19 Lifescan, Inc. Visual blood glucose test strip
US6168957B1 (en) 1997-06-25 2001-01-02 Lifescan, Inc. Diagnostic test strip having on-strip calibration
US6172743B1 (en) 1992-10-07 2001-01-09 Chemtrix, Inc. Technique for measuring a blood analyte by non-invasive spectrometry in living tissue
US6175752B1 (en) 1998-04-30 2001-01-16 Therasense, Inc. Analyte monitoring device and methods of use
US6177931B1 (en) 1996-12-19 2001-01-23 Index Systems, Inc. Systems and methods for displaying and recording control interface with television programs, video, advertising information and program scheduling information
US6176847B1 (en) 1999-05-14 2001-01-23 Circon Corporation Surgical irrigation system incorporating flow sensor device
US6177000B1 (en) 1997-06-14 2001-01-23 Coventry University Biosensor comprising a lipid membrane containing gated ion channels
US6191852B1 (en) 1997-10-14 2001-02-20 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Optical measurement system for detecting luminescence or fluorescence signals
US6190612B1 (en) 1998-01-21 2001-02-20 Bayer Corporation Oxygen sensing membranes and methods of making same
US6194900B1 (en) 1998-06-19 2001-02-27 Agilent Technologies, Inc. Integrated miniaturized device for processing and NMR detection of liquid phase samples
US6192891B1 (en) 1999-04-26 2001-02-27 Becton Dickinson And Company Integrated system including medication delivery pen, blood monitoring device, and lancer
US6193873B1 (en) 1999-06-15 2001-02-27 Lifescan, Inc. Sample detection to initiate timing of an electrochemical assay
US6193673B1 (en) 1998-02-20 2001-02-27 United States Surgical Corporation Biopsy instrument driver apparatus
EP0894869B1 (en) 1997-07-28 2001-02-28 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor using a sodium salt as mediator
US6197040B1 (en) 1999-02-23 2001-03-06 Lifescan, Inc. Lancing device having a releasable connector
US6197257B1 (en) 1998-08-20 2001-03-06 Microsense Of St. Louis, Llc Micro sensor device
WO2001016578A1 (en) 1999-08-31 2001-03-08 Cme Telemetrix Inc. Method for determination of analytes using near infrared, adjacent visible spectrum and an array of longer near infrared wavelengths
US6210133B1 (en) 1998-09-30 2001-04-03 A-Med Systems, Inc. Blood pump with sterile motor housing
US6210420B1 (en) 1999-01-19 2001-04-03 Agilent Technologies, Inc. Apparatus and method for efficient blood sampling with lancet
US6212417B1 (en) 1998-08-26 2001-04-03 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor
US6210369B1 (en) 1997-12-16 2001-04-03 Meridian Medical Technologies Inc. Automatic injector
US6214626B1 (en) 1996-12-19 2001-04-10 Dade Behring Marburg Gmbh Apparatus (cuvette) for taking up and storing liquids and for carrying out optical measurements
US6214804B1 (en) 1989-03-21 2001-04-10 Vical Incorporated Induction of a protective immune response in a mammal by injecting a DNA sequence
US6219574B1 (en) 1996-06-18 2001-04-17 Alza Corporation Device and method for enchancing transdermal sampling
US6218571B1 (en) 1999-10-27 2001-04-17 Lifescan, Inc. 8-(anilino)-1-naphthalenesulfonate analogs
US6221238B1 (en) 1996-05-24 2001-04-24 Ufz-Umweltforschungszentrum Leipzig-Halle Gmbh Enzymatic-electrochemical one-shot affinity sensor for the quantitative determination of analytes for aqueous media and affinity assay
US6221023B1 (en) 1995-12-01 2001-04-24 Kabushiki Kaisha Tokai Rika Denki Seisakusho Sensor for intra-corporeal medical device and a method of manufacture
US6224617B1 (en) 1997-10-17 2001-05-01 Angiotrax, Inc. Methods and apparatus for defibrillating a heart refractory to electrical stimuli
US6225078B1 (en) 1997-07-29 2001-05-01 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Method for quantitative measurement of a substrate
US6228100B1 (en) 1999-10-25 2001-05-08 Steven Schraga Multi-use lancet device
US6231531B1 (en) 1999-04-09 2001-05-15 Agilent Technologies, Inc. Apparatus and method for minimizing pain perception
US6230501B1 (en) 1994-04-14 2001-05-15 Promxd Technology, Inc. Ergonomic systems and methods providing intelligent adaptive surfaces and temperature control
US6234772B1 (en) 1999-04-28 2001-05-22 Kriton Medical, Inc. Rotary blood pump
US6241862B1 (en) 1996-02-14 2001-06-05 Inverness Medical Technology, Inc. Disposable test strips with integrated reagent/blood separation layer
US6242207B1 (en) 1996-04-05 2001-06-05 Amira Medical Diagnostic compositions and devices utilizing same
US6245215B1 (en) 1998-09-30 2001-06-12 Amira Medical Membrane based electrochemical test device and related methods
US6245060B1 (en) 1997-03-25 2001-06-12 Abbott Laboratories Removal of stratum corneum by means of light
WO2001045014A1 (en) 1999-12-17 2001-06-21 Quy Roger J Method and apparatus for patient monitoring with wireless internet connectivity
US6251083B1 (en) 1999-09-07 2001-06-26 Amira Medical Interstitial fluid methods and devices for determination of an analyte in the body
USD444235S1 (en) 2000-07-21 2001-06-26 Lifescan, Inc. Blood glucose monitoring system
US6251344B1 (en) 1997-06-27 2001-06-26 Quantum Group, Inc. Air quality chamber: relative humidity and contamination controlled systems
US6251260B1 (en) 1998-08-24 2001-06-26 Therasense, Inc. Potentiometric sensors for analytic determination
US6251121B1 (en) 1996-12-02 2001-06-26 Angiotrax, Inc. Apparatus and methods for intraoperatively performing surgery
US6256533B1 (en) 1999-06-09 2001-07-03 The Procter & Gamble Company Apparatus and method for using an intracutaneous microneedle array
USD444557S1 (en) 1999-10-19 2001-07-03 Facet Technologies, Llc Lancing device
US6254831B1 (en) 1998-01-21 2001-07-03 Bayer Corporation Optical sensors with reflective materials
US6258229B1 (en) 1999-06-02 2001-07-10 Handani Winarta Disposable sub-microliter volume sensor and method of making
US6258111B1 (en) 1997-10-03 2001-07-10 Scieran Technologies, Inc. Apparatus and method for performing ophthalmic procedures
EP1114995A2 (en) 1999-12-30 2001-07-11 Roche Diagnostics Corporation Cell and method for electrochemical analysis of a sample
US6261241B1 (en) 1998-03-03 2001-07-17 Senorx, Inc. Electrosurgical biopsy device and method
US6261245B1 (en) 1998-01-22 2001-07-17 Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha Body-fluid inspection device
US6261519B1 (en) 1998-07-20 2001-07-17 Lifescan, Inc. Medical diagnostic device with enough-sample indicator
US6264635B1 (en) 1998-12-03 2001-07-24 Kriton Medical, Inc. Active magnetic bearing system for blood pump
US6269314B1 (en) 1997-08-19 2001-07-31 Omron Corporation Blood sugar measuring device
US6268161B1 (en) 1997-09-30 2001-07-31 M-Biotech, Inc. Biosensor
US6272359B1 (en) 1996-10-31 2001-08-07 Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd. Personal mobile communications device having multiple units
US6272364B1 (en) 1998-05-13 2001-08-07 Cygnus, Inc. Method and device for predicting physiological values
US6275717B1 (en) 1997-06-16 2001-08-14 Elan Corporation, Plc Device and method of calibrating and testing a sensor for in vivo measurement of an analyte
US6281006B1 (en) 1998-08-24 2001-08-28 Therasense, Inc. Electrochemical affinity assay
US6280254B1 (en) 1999-12-23 2001-08-28 Hon Hai Precision Ind. Co., Ltd. IC card connector
US20010017269A1 (en) 1995-10-11 2001-08-30 Therasense, Inc. Electrochemical analyte sensors using thermostable soybean peroxidase
US20010018353A1 (en) 2000-02-29 2001-08-30 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Portable telephone with bookmark sort function
US6285454B1 (en) 1998-12-07 2001-09-04 Mercury Diagnostics, Inc. Optics alignment and calibration system
US6285448B1 (en) 1997-05-05 2001-09-04 J. Todd Kuenstner Clinical analyte determination by infrared spectroscopy
US6283982B1 (en) 1999-10-19 2001-09-04 Facet Technologies, Inc. Lancing device and method of sample collection
US6289254B1 (en) 1997-01-24 2001-09-11 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Parts selection apparatus and parts selection system with CAD function
US20010021492A1 (en) 2000-02-22 2001-09-13 Tadanobu Sato Silvler halide photographic material
US6290683B1 (en) 1992-04-29 2001-09-18 Mali-Tech Ltd. Skin piercing needle assembly
US20010023349A1 (en) 1999-12-20 2001-09-20 Tricardia, Llc Hypodermic needle with weeping tip and method of use
US6295506B1 (en) 1997-10-27 2001-09-25 Nokia Mobile Phones Limited Measurement apparatus
US20010027328A1 (en) 1999-03-08 2001-10-04 Paul Lum Multiple lancet device
US6299578B1 (en) 1995-12-28 2001-10-09 Cygnus, Inc. Methods for monitoring a physiological analyte
US6299757B1 (en) 1998-10-08 2001-10-09 Therasense, Inc. Small volume in vitro analyte sensor with diffusible or non-leachable redox mediator
US6299596B1 (en) 1998-03-20 2001-10-09 Schneider (Usa) Inc. Method of bonding polymers and medical devices comprising materials bonded by said method
US6302855B1 (en) 1998-05-20 2001-10-16 Novo Nordisk A/S Medical apparatus for use by a patient for medical self treatment of diabetes
US6306152B1 (en) 1999-03-08 2001-10-23 Agilent Technologies, Inc. Lancet device with skin movement control and ballistic preload
US6306347B1 (en) 1998-01-21 2001-10-23 Bayer Corporation Optical sensor and method of operation
US6309535B1 (en) 1996-11-07 2001-10-30 Cambridge Sensors Limited Electrodes and their use in assays
US20010037355A1 (en) 2000-04-07 2001-11-01 Britt Joe Freeman Distinctive vibrate system, apparatus and method
US6312612B1 (en) 1999-06-09 2001-11-06 The Procter & Gamble Company Apparatus and method for manufacturing an intracutaneous microneedle array
US6315738B1 (en) 1999-01-04 2001-11-13 Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha Assembly having lancet and means for collecting and detecting body fluid
US20010042004A1 (en) 1997-07-02 2001-11-15 Taub Herman P. Methods, systems and apparatuses for matching individuals with behavioral requirements and for managing providers of services to evaluate or increase individuals' behavioral capabilities
US6318970B1 (en) 1998-03-12 2001-11-20 Micralyne Inc. Fluidic devices
US6322963B1 (en) 1998-06-15 2001-11-27 Biosensor Systems Design., Inc. Sensor for analyte detection
US6322808B1 (en) 1997-12-11 2001-11-27 Alza Corporation Device for enhancing transdermal agent flux
US6322574B1 (en) 1999-10-29 2001-11-27 Medical Plastic Devices M.P.D. Inc. Disposable lancet
US20010045355A1 (en) 2000-03-09 2001-11-29 Clinical Analysis Corporation Medical diagnostic system
EP0730037B1 (en) 1995-02-28 2001-12-12 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor containing pyranose oxidase
US6331163B1 (en) 1998-01-08 2001-12-18 Microsense Cardiovascular Systems (1196) Ltd. Protective coating for bodily sensor
US6332871B1 (en) 1996-05-17 2001-12-25 Amira Medical Blood and interstitial fluid sampling device
US20010054319A1 (en) 2000-05-12 2001-12-27 Therasense, Inc. Electrodes with multilayer membranes and methods of using and making the electrodes
US6335203B1 (en) 1994-09-08 2002-01-01 Lifescan, Inc. Optically readable strip for analyte detection having on-strip orientation index
US6334856B1 (en) 1998-06-10 2002-01-01 Georgia Tech Research Corporation Microneedle devices and methods of manufacture and use thereof
US6335856B1 (en) 1999-03-05 2002-01-01 L'etat Francais, Represente Par Le Delegue Ministeriel Pour L'armement Triboelectric device
US6334363B1 (en) 1997-06-23 2002-01-01 Innothera Topic International Device for measuring pressure points to be applied by a compressive orthotic device
US20020002326A1 (en) 1998-08-18 2002-01-03 Causey James D. Handheld personal data assistant (PDA) with a medical device and method of using the same
US20020002344A1 (en) 1996-05-17 2002-01-03 Douglas Joel S. Methods and apparatus for sampling and analyzing body fluid
US6336900B1 (en) 1999-04-12 2002-01-08 Agilent Technologies, Inc. Home hub for reporting patient health parameters
US20020004196A1 (en) 2000-07-10 2002-01-10 Bayer Corporation Thin lance and test sensor having same
DE10032042A1 (en) 2000-07-05 2002-01-24 Inventus Biotec Gesellschaft Fuer Innovative Bioanalytik, Biosensoren Und Diagnostika Mbh & Co. Kg Disposable electrochemical biosensor for the quantitative determination of analyte concentrations in liquids
EP1021950B1 (en) 1999-01-22 2002-01-30 Slagteriernes Forskningsinstitut Tattoo-marking of an animal with multi-edged needles
US20020016568A1 (en) 2000-01-21 2002-02-07 Lebel Ronald J. Microprocessor controlled ambulatory medical apparatus with hand held communication device
US20020016923A1 (en) 2000-07-03 2002-02-07 Knaus William A. Broadband computer-based networked systems for control and management of medical records
US6346120B1 (en) 1992-06-23 2002-02-12 Sun Medical Technology Research Corporation Auxiliary artificial heart of an embedded type
US20020019747A1 (en) 2000-06-02 2002-02-14 Ware John E. Method and system for health assessment and monitoring
DE10057832C1 (en) 2000-11-21 2002-02-21 Hartmann Paul Ag Blood analysis device has syringe mounted in casing, annular mounting carrying needles mounted behind test strip and being swiveled so that needle can be pushed through strip and aperture in casing to take blood sample
US6350273B1 (en) 1998-03-11 2002-02-26 Nec Corporation Corneum puncture needle
US6350451B1 (en) 1999-06-25 2002-02-26 The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Arkansas Immunotherapy of epithelial tumors using intralesional injection of antigens that induce a delayed type hypersensitivity reaction
US20020025469A1 (en) 1998-06-17 2002-02-28 Therasense, Inc. Biological fuel cell and methods
US6352523B1 (en) 1994-07-22 2002-03-05 Health Hero Network, Inc. Capacitance-based dose measurements in syringes
US6353753B1 (en) 1998-05-05 2002-03-05 Stephen Thomas Flock Optical imaging of deep anatomic structures
US6364889B1 (en) 1999-11-17 2002-04-02 Bayer Corporation Electronic lancing device
US20020040230A1 (en) 2000-06-21 2002-04-04 Hans-Jurgen Kuhr Blood lancet system for blood withdrawal for diagnostic purposes
US20020040208A1 (en) 2000-10-04 2002-04-04 Flaherty J. Christopher Data collection assembly for patient infusion system
US20020044890A1 (en) 2000-07-20 2002-04-18 Hypoguard Limited Test member
US6375626B1 (en) 1999-03-12 2002-04-23 Integ, Inc. Collection well for body fluid tester
US6375627B1 (en) 2000-03-02 2002-04-23 Agilent Technologies, Inc. Physiological fluid extraction with rapid analysis
US6379324B1 (en) 1999-06-09 2002-04-30 The Procter & Gamble Company Intracutaneous microneedle array apparatus
US6379317B1 (en) 1997-11-28 2002-04-30 Hans Kintzig Analytical measuring device with lancing device
US6379301B1 (en) 1997-01-10 2002-04-30 Health Hero Network, Inc. Diabetes management system and method for controlling blood glucose
US6379969B1 (en) 2000-03-02 2002-04-30 Agilent Technologies, Inc. Optical sensor for sensing multiple analytes
US20020052618A1 (en) 2000-10-31 2002-05-02 Hans-Peter Haar Analytical device with integrated lancet
USD456910S1 (en) 2001-05-09 2002-05-07 Lifescan, Inc, Analyte test strip
US20020053523A1 (en) 1999-11-04 2002-05-09 Therasense, Inc. Small volume in vitro analyte sensor and methods
US20020057993A1 (en) 2000-08-30 2002-05-16 Hypoguard Limited Test device
US20020058902A1 (en) 2000-05-01 2002-05-16 Nikiforos Kollias Tissue ablation by shear force for sampling biological fluids and delivering active agents
US6395227B1 (en) 1989-08-28 2002-05-28 Lifescan, Inc. Test strip for measuring analyte concentration over a broad range of sample volume
DE10053974A1 (en) 2000-10-31 2002-05-29 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Blood collection system
US6398562B1 (en) 1998-09-17 2002-06-04 Cygnus, Inc. Device and methods for the application of mechanical force to a gel/sensor assembly
US6399394B1 (en) 1999-06-30 2002-06-04 Agilent Technologies, Inc. Testing multiple fluid samples with multiple biopolymer arrays
US6398522B2 (en) 1998-06-19 2002-06-04 Photosynthesis (Jersey) Limited Pump
US6402701B1 (en) 1999-03-23 2002-06-11 Fna Concepts, Llc Biopsy needle instrument
US6402704B1 (en) 2000-04-18 2002-06-11 Sonexxus Incorporated Prothrombin test apparatus for home use
US20020078091A1 (en) 2000-07-25 2002-06-20 Sonny Vu Automatic summarization of a document
US20020076349A1 (en) 2000-07-20 2002-06-20 Hypoguard Limited Test device
US6409740B1 (en) 1999-10-09 2002-06-25 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Blood lancet system for withdrawing blood for diagnostic purposes
US20020082543A1 (en) 2000-12-14 2002-06-27 Jung-Hwan Park Microneedle devices and production thereof
WO2002049507A1 (en) * 2000-12-19 2002-06-27 Inverness Medical Limited Analyte measurement
US20020081588A1 (en) 1998-06-24 2002-06-27 Therasense, Inc. Multi-sensor array for electrochemical recognition of nucleotide sequences and methods
US6413410B1 (en) 1996-06-19 2002-07-02 Lifescan, Inc. Electrochemical cell
US20020087056A1 (en) * 2000-06-27 2002-07-04 Aceti John Gregory Analyte monitor
US6415821B2 (en) 1999-12-15 2002-07-09 University Of Washington Magnetically actuated fluid handling devices for microfluidic applications
US6421633B1 (en) 1997-05-30 2002-07-16 Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd Diabetes management
US6420128B1 (en) 2000-09-12 2002-07-16 Lifescan, Inc. Test strips for detecting the presence of a reduced cofactor in a sample and method for using the same
EP0872728B1 (en) 1997-04-14 2002-07-17 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor with divalent metallic salt
US20020092612A1 (en) 2000-03-28 2002-07-18 Davies Oliver William Hardwicke Rapid response glucose sensor
US6423014B1 (en) 2000-09-29 2002-07-23 University Of Vermont Therapeutic and diagnostic needling device and method
US20020099308A1 (en) 1998-02-17 2002-07-25 Bojan Peter M. Fluid collection and monitoring device
US20020103499A1 (en) 2001-01-22 2002-08-01 Perez Edward P. Lancet device having capillary action
US6428664B1 (en) 2000-06-19 2002-08-06 Roche Diagnostics Corporation Biosensor
US6436055B1 (en) 2000-03-02 2002-08-20 The Procter & Gamble Company Device having diarrhea diagnostic panel
US6436721B1 (en) 1997-07-25 2002-08-20 Bayer Corporation Device and method for obtaining clinically significant analyte ratios
US6436256B1 (en) 1997-06-04 2002-08-20 Cambridge Sensors Limited Electrodes for the measurement of analytes in small sample volumes
US6440645B1 (en) 1997-07-18 2002-08-27 Cambridge Sensors Limited Production of microstructures for use in assays
US20020120216A1 (en) 2000-09-26 2002-08-29 Michael Fritz Lancet system
US6444115B1 (en) 2000-07-14 2002-09-03 Lifescan, Inc. Electrochemical method for measuring chemical reaction rates
US20020123335A1 (en) 1999-04-09 2002-09-05 Luna Michael E.S. Method and apparatus for provisioning a mobile station over a wireless network
US6447265B1 (en) 1996-06-26 2002-09-10 The University Of Pittsburgh Magnetically suspended miniature fluid pump and method of designing the same
US6447119B1 (en) * 1996-08-12 2002-09-10 Visionrx, Inc. Apparatus for visualizing the eye's tear film
US6451040B1 (en) 2000-09-01 2002-09-17 Bayer Corporation Adjustable endcap for lancing device
US20020130042A1 (en) 2000-03-02 2002-09-19 Moerman Piet H.C. Combined lancet and electrochemical analyte-testing apparatus
US6453810B1 (en) 1997-11-07 2002-09-24 Speedline Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for dispensing material in a printer
US20020136667A1 (en) 2001-03-26 2002-09-26 Kumar Subramanian Silicon nitride window for microsampling device and method of construction
US20020136863A1 (en) 2001-03-26 2002-09-26 Kumar Subramanian Silicon microlancet device and method of construction
US20020137998A1 (en) 2001-03-26 2002-09-26 Wilson Smart Silicon microprobe with integrated biosensor
US6458258B2 (en) 1999-12-27 2002-10-01 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor
US20020141032A1 (en) 1999-12-03 2002-10-03 Guarr Thomas F. Controlled diffusion coefficient electrochromic materials for use in electrochromic mediums and associated electrochromic devices
US6462162B2 (en) 1995-03-27 2002-10-08 Minimed Inc. Hydrophilic, swellable coatings for biosensors
US20020156355A1 (en) * 2001-02-15 2002-10-24 Gough David A. Membrane and electrode structure for implantable sensor
US20020161289A1 (en) 2001-04-30 2002-10-31 Hopkins George W. Detector array for optical spectrographs
US20020160520A1 (en) 2001-03-16 2002-10-31 Phoenix Bioscience Silicon nano-collection analytic device
US6475372B1 (en) 2000-02-02 2002-11-05 Lifescan, Inc. Electrochemical methods and devices for use in the determination of hematocrit corrected analyte concentrations
US6475750B1 (en) 1999-05-11 2002-11-05 M-Biotech, Inc. Glucose biosensor
US6475360B1 (en) 1998-03-12 2002-11-05 Lifescan, Inc. Heated electrochemical cell
US6475436B1 (en) 1999-01-23 2002-11-05 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Method and device for removing consumable analytic products from a storage container
US20020169394A1 (en) 1993-11-15 2002-11-14 Eppstein Jonathan A. Integrated tissue poration, fluid harvesting and analysis device, and method therefor
US20020168290A1 (en) 2002-05-09 2002-11-14 Yuzhakov Vadim V. Physiological sample collection devices and methods of using the same
US6485923B1 (en) 2000-02-02 2002-11-26 Lifescan, Inc. Reagent test strip for analyte determination having hemolyzing agent
US6485461B1 (en) 2000-04-04 2002-11-26 Insulet, Inc. Disposable infusion device
US6485439B1 (en) 1998-04-28 2002-11-26 Roche Diagnostics Corporation Apparatus for suctioning and pumping body fluid from an incision
US20020177761A1 (en) 2001-04-26 2002-11-28 Phoenix Bioscience Integrated lancing and analytic device
US20020177763A1 (en) 2001-05-22 2002-11-28 Burns David W. Integrated lancets and methods
US20020176984A1 (en) 2001-03-26 2002-11-28 Wilson Smart Silicon penetration device with increased fracture toughness and method of fabrication
US6488872B1 (en) 1999-07-23 2002-12-03 The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Illinois Microfabricated devices and method of manufacturing the same
US6488827B1 (en) 2000-03-31 2002-12-03 Lifescan, Inc. Capillary flow control in a medical diagnostic device
US6491709B2 (en) 2000-12-22 2002-12-10 Becton, Dickinson And Company Alternate-site lancer
US20020188224A1 (en) 2001-06-08 2002-12-12 Roe Jeffrey N. Test media cassette for bodily fluid testing device
US6501976B1 (en) 2001-06-12 2002-12-31 Lifescan, Inc. Percutaneous biological fluid sampling and analyte measurement devices and methods
US6501404B2 (en) 2001-01-08 2002-12-31 Agilent Technologies, Inc. System and method for encoding an input data stream by utilizing a predictive, look-ahead feature
US6503290B1 (en) 2002-03-01 2003-01-07 Praxair S.T. Technology, Inc. Corrosion resistant powder and coating
US6503209B2 (en) 2001-05-18 2003-01-07 Said I. Hakky Non-invasive focused energy blood withdrawal and analysis system
US6503210B1 (en) 1999-10-13 2003-01-07 Arkray, Inc. Blood-collection position indicator
US6506575B1 (en) 1999-09-24 2003-01-14 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Analytical element and method for the determination of an analyte in a liquid
US6506168B1 (en) 2000-05-26 2003-01-14 Abbott Laboratories Apparatus and method for obtaining blood for diagnostic tests
US6506165B1 (en) 1998-03-25 2003-01-14 The Provost, Fellows And Scholars Of The College Of The Holy And Undivided Trinity Of Queen Elizabeth Near Dublin Sample collection device
US20030014010A1 (en) 2001-07-10 2003-01-16 Carpenter Kenneth W. Flexible tissue injection catheter with controlled depth penetration
US6508785B1 (en) 1998-03-06 2003-01-21 Spectrx, Inc. Method and apparatus for enhancing flux rates of a fluid in a microporated biological tissue
US20030018300A1 (en) 1997-11-21 2003-01-23 Duchon Brent G. Body fluid sampling device
US20030018282A1 (en) 2001-07-20 2003-01-23 Carlo Effenhauser System for withdrawing small amounts of body fluid
US6512986B1 (en) 2000-12-30 2003-01-28 Lifescan, Inc. Method for automated exception-based quality control compliance for point-of-care devices
US6514270B1 (en) 2000-11-10 2003-02-04 Steven Schraga Single use lancet device
US6514460B1 (en) 1999-07-28 2003-02-04 Abbott Laboratories Luminous glucose monitoring device
US20030028126A1 (en) 2001-05-05 2003-02-06 Hans List Blood withdrawal system
US6519241B1 (en) 1997-10-15 2003-02-11 Nokia Mobile Phones Limited Mobile telephone for internet-applications
US20030032077A1 (en) 2001-08-10 2003-02-13 Nipro Corporation Recording medium and blood glucose monitoring system using the recording medium
US6521182B1 (en) 1998-07-20 2003-02-18 Lifescan, Inc. Fluidic device for medical diagnostics
US6520326B2 (en) 1999-02-25 2003-02-18 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Glucose sensor package system
US6521110B1 (en) 1995-11-16 2003-02-18 Lifescan, Inc. Electrochemical cell
US20030038047A1 (en) 2001-08-22 2003-02-27 Kivalo, Inc. Portable storage case for housing a medical monitoring device and an associated method for communicating therewith
US6527521B2 (en) 2000-01-26 2003-03-04 Nipro Corporation Magnetically driven axial-flow pump
US6527716B1 (en) 1997-12-30 2003-03-04 Altea Technologies, Inc. Microporation of tissue for delivery of bioactive agents
US6529377B1 (en) 2001-09-05 2003-03-04 Microelectronic & Computer Technology Corporation Integrated cooling system
US6527778B2 (en) 1998-03-02 2003-03-04 The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Texas System Tissue penetrating device and methods for using same
US6530937B1 (en) 2000-01-28 2003-03-11 Stat Medical Devices, Inc. Adjustable tip for a lancet device and method
US6530892B1 (en) 2001-03-07 2003-03-11 Helen V. Kelly Automatic skin puncturing system
US20030050573A1 (en) 2001-08-29 2003-03-13 Hans-Juergen Kuhr Analytical device with lancet and test element
US20030050656A1 (en) 2000-11-10 2003-03-13 Steven Schraga Single use lancet device
US6533949B1 (en) 2000-08-28 2003-03-18 Nanopass Ltd. Microneedle structure and production method therefor
US6537242B1 (en) 2000-06-06 2003-03-25 Becton, Dickinson And Company Method and apparatus for enhancing penetration of a member for the intradermal sampling or administration of a substance
US6537292B1 (en) 2000-05-25 2003-03-25 Choon-Bal Lee Lancet having a blood-collecting needle with a safety feature
US20030057391A1 (en) 2001-09-21 2003-03-27 The Regents Of The University Of California Low power integrated pumping and valving arrays for microfluidic systems
US20030060730A1 (en) 2001-08-29 2003-03-27 Edward Perez Wicking methods and structures for use in sampling bodily fluids
US6540762B1 (en) 1998-07-09 2003-04-01 November Aktiengesellschaft Gesellschaft Fur Molekulare Medizin Device for perforating skin
US6540672B1 (en) 1998-12-09 2003-04-01 Novo Nordisk A/S Medical system and a method of controlling the system for use by a patient for medical self treatment
US6540891B1 (en) 1998-05-08 2003-04-01 Abbott Laboratories Test strip
US20030069509A1 (en) 2001-10-10 2003-04-10 David Matzinger Devices for physiological fluid sampling and methods of using the same
US6549796B2 (en) 2001-05-25 2003-04-15 Lifescan, Inc. Monitoring analyte concentration using minimally invasive devices
US20030072647A1 (en) 2001-10-11 2003-04-17 Paul Lum Micro paddle wheel pump for precise pumping, mixing, dispensing, and valving of blood and reagents
US20030073931A1 (en) 2001-10-16 2003-04-17 Dirk Boecker Universal diagnostic platform
US20030073229A1 (en) 2001-10-16 2003-04-17 Michael Greenstein Thermal regulation of fluidic samples within a diagnostic cartridge
US20030073089A1 (en) 2001-10-16 2003-04-17 Mauze Ganapati R. Companion cartridge for disposable diagnostic sensing platforms
US6555061B1 (en) 2000-10-05 2003-04-29 Lifescan, Inc. Multi-layer reagent test strip
US20030083685A1 (en) 2001-06-12 2003-05-01 Freeman Dominique M. Sampling module device and method
US6558361B1 (en) 2000-03-09 2003-05-06 Nanopass Ltd. Systems and methods for the transport of fluids through a biological barrier and production techniques for such systems
US6558528B1 (en) 2000-12-20 2003-05-06 Lifescan, Inc. Electrochemical test strip cards that include an integral dessicant
US6558402B1 (en) 1999-08-03 2003-05-06 Becton, Dickinson And Company Lancer
US20030088191A1 (en) 2001-06-12 2003-05-08 Freeman Dominique M. Blood sampling device with diaphragm actuated lancet
US20030089730A1 (en) 2001-11-14 2003-05-15 May Stuart R. Sensor dispensing device
US20030093010A1 (en) 2001-11-15 2003-05-15 Matthias Essenpreis Fluid sampling apparatus
US6565808B2 (en) 2001-05-18 2003-05-20 Acon Laboratories Line test device and methods of use
USD475136S1 (en) 2002-03-18 2003-05-27 Omron Corporation Blood pressure monitor
US6569157B1 (en) 1998-05-18 2003-05-27 Abbott Laboratories Removal of stratum corneum by means of light
US20030100040A1 (en) 1997-12-05 2003-05-29 Therasense Inc. Blood analyte monitoring through subcutaneous measurement
US6574490B2 (en) 2001-04-11 2003-06-03 Rio Grande Medical Technologies, Inc. System for non-invasive measurement of glucose in humans
US6571651B1 (en) 2000-03-27 2003-06-03 Lifescan, Inc. Method of preventing short sampling of a capillary or wicking fill device
US6572566B2 (en) 2000-03-03 2003-06-03 Roche Diagnostics Corporation System for determining analyte concentrations in body fluids
US6576416B2 (en) 2001-06-19 2003-06-10 Lifescan, Inc. Analyte measurement device and method of use
US20030109777A1 (en) 2001-12-07 2003-06-12 Kloepfer Hans G. Consolidated body fluid testing device and method
US20030106810A1 (en) 1996-06-17 2003-06-12 Douglas Joel S. Electrochemical test device and related methods
US20030109860A1 (en) 2001-12-12 2003-06-12 Michael Black Multiple laser treatment
US20030113827A1 (en) * 2001-12-17 2003-06-19 Burkoth Terry L. Non-or minimally invasive monitoring methods
US20030111357A1 (en) 2001-12-13 2003-06-19 Black Murdo M. Test meter calibration
US6584338B1 (en) 1999-03-30 2003-06-24 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Deriving time-averaged moments
US20030120297A1 (en) 2001-12-20 2003-06-26 Beyerlein Dagmar Bettina Contact and penetration depth sensor for a needle assembly
US20030116447A1 (en) 2001-11-16 2003-06-26 Surridge Nigel A. Electrodes, methods, apparatuses comprising micro-electrode arrays
US6587705B1 (en) 1998-03-13 2003-07-01 Lynn Kim Biosensor, iontophoretic sampling system, and methods of use thereof
US6586199B2 (en) 2001-11-20 2003-07-01 Lifescan, Inc. Stabilized tetrazolium reagent compositions and methods for using the same
US6589260B1 (en) 2000-05-26 2003-07-08 Roche Diagnostics Corporation System for withdrawing body fluid
US6591124B2 (en) 2001-05-11 2003-07-08 The Procter & Gamble Company Portable interstitial fluid monitoring system
US6591125B1 (en) 2000-06-27 2003-07-08 Therasense, Inc. Small volume in vitro analyte sensor with diffusible or non-leachable redox mediator
US6589261B1 (en) 2002-08-19 2003-07-08 Vitalcare Group, Inc. Lancet needle anchor and method
US6592744B1 (en) 1997-03-25 2003-07-15 Lifescan, Inc. Method of filling an amperometric cell
USD477670S1 (en) 2002-06-17 2003-07-22 Lifescan, Inc. Visual blood glucose test strip
US20030136189A1 (en) 2002-01-22 2003-07-24 Brian Lauman Capacitance fluid volume measurement
US6599693B1 (en) 2000-07-31 2003-07-29 Agilent Technologies Inc. Array fabrication
US6599769B2 (en) 2000-06-30 2003-07-29 Seiko Epson Corporation Process for mounting device and optical transmission apparatus
US6599407B2 (en) 1999-12-27 2003-07-29 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor
US20030144608A1 (en) 2001-01-19 2003-07-31 Shinichi Kojima Lancet-integrated sensor, measurer for lancet-integrated sensor, and catridge
US20030144609A1 (en) 2002-01-31 2003-07-31 Kennedy Gwenn E. Single use device for blood microsampling
US6601534B2 (en) 2002-01-09 2003-08-05 Embrex, Inc. Methods and apparatus for punching through egg shells with reduced force
US6602678B2 (en) 1998-09-04 2003-08-05 Powderject Research Limited Non- or minimally invasive monitoring methods
US20030149348A1 (en) 1998-06-19 2003-08-07 Raskas Eric J. Micro optical sensor device
US20030146110A1 (en) 2002-02-01 2003-08-07 Karinka Shirdhara Alva Electrochemical biosensor strip for analysis of liquid samples
US20030150745A1 (en) 2000-12-13 2003-08-14 Maria Teodorczyk Electrochemical test strip with an integrated micro-needle and associated methods
US20030153900A1 (en) 2002-02-08 2003-08-14 Sarnoff Corporation Autonomous, ambulatory analyte monitor or drug delivery device
US6612111B1 (en) 2000-03-27 2003-09-02 Lifescan, Inc. Method and device for sampling and analyzing interstitial fluid and whole blood samples
US6620112B2 (en) 2000-03-24 2003-09-16 Novo Nordisk A/S Disposable lancet combined with a reagent carrying strip and a system for extracting and analyzing blood in the body utilizing such a disposable lancet
US6620310B1 (en) 2000-12-13 2003-09-16 Lifescan, Inc. Electrochemical coagulation assay and device
US6623501B2 (en) 2000-04-05 2003-09-23 Therasense, Inc. Reusable ceramic skin-piercing device
US20030191415A1 (en) 2001-03-29 2003-10-09 Piet Moerman Integrated sample testing meter
WO2003082091A2 (en) 2002-04-02 2003-10-09 Inverness Medical Limited Integrated sample testing meter
US20030191376A1 (en) 1998-07-21 2003-10-09 Samuels Mark A. System and method for continuous analyte monitoring
US6632349B1 (en) 1996-11-15 2003-10-14 Lifescan, Inc. Hemoglobin sensor
US20030195435A1 (en) 2002-04-12 2003-10-16 Williams Arthur G. Method and apparatus for collecting and transporting capillary blood samples for diagnostic and research evaluation
US20030195540A1 (en) 2000-06-09 2003-10-16 Piet Moerman Cap for a lancing device
US6635222B2 (en) 1993-07-22 2003-10-21 Clearant, Inc. Method of sterilizing products
US20030199907A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2003-10-23 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20030199902A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2003-10-23 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20030199896A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2003-10-23 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20030199893A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2003-10-23 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for a multi-use body fluid sampling device with analyte sensing
US20030199899A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2003-10-23 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20030199903A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2003-10-23 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20030199909A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2003-10-23 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20030199904A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2003-10-23 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20030199910A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2003-10-23 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20030199790A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2003-10-23 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20030199898A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2003-10-23 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20030199900A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2003-10-23 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20030199911A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2003-10-23 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20030199901A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2003-10-23 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20030199791A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2003-10-23 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20030199789A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2003-10-23 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20030199905A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2003-10-23 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20030199912A1 (en) 2002-04-23 2003-10-23 Pugh Jerry T. Lancing device with automatic stick and return
US20030199906A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2003-10-23 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20030199908A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2003-10-23 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20030199891A1 (en) 2001-09-05 2003-10-23 Herbert Argauer Lancet for blood extraction
US20030199897A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2003-10-23 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US6638415B1 (en) 1995-11-16 2003-10-28 Lifescan, Inc. Antioxidant sensor
WO2003088851A1 (en) 2001-06-12 2003-10-30 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Tissue penetration device
US20030206828A1 (en) 2002-05-06 2003-11-06 Bell Michael L. Whole blood sampling device
US20030208140A1 (en) 2002-05-01 2003-11-06 Pugh Jerry T. Analyte concentration determination devices and methods of using the same
US6645368B1 (en) 1997-12-22 2003-11-11 Roche Diagnostics Corporation Meter and method of using the meter for determining the concentration of a component of a fluid
US20030212346A1 (en) 2002-05-09 2003-11-13 Vadim V. Yuzhakov Methods of fabricating physiological sample collection devices
US20030212345A1 (en) 2002-05-09 2003-11-13 Mcallister Devin Minimal procedure analyte test system
US20030212423A1 (en) 2002-05-09 2003-11-13 Pugh Jerry T. Analyte test element with molded lancing blade
US20030212379A1 (en) 2002-02-26 2003-11-13 Bylund Adam David Systems and methods for remotely controlling medication infusion and analyte monitoring
US20030211619A1 (en) 2002-05-09 2003-11-13 Lorin Olson Continuous strip of fluid sampling and testing devices and methods of making, packaging and using the same
US20030212344A1 (en) 2002-05-09 2003-11-13 Vadim Yuzhakov Physiological sample collection devices and methods of using the same
US20030212347A1 (en) 2002-05-09 2003-11-13 Borzu Sohrab Devices and methods for accessing and analyzing physiological fluid
US20030212424A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2003-11-13 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for lancet actuation
US20030210811A1 (en) 2002-05-10 2003-11-13 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Elastomeric actuator devices for magnetic resonance imaging
US6649416B1 (en) 2000-02-18 2003-11-18 Trustees Of Tufts College Intelligent electro-optical sensor array and method for analyte detection
US20030216767A1 (en) 2002-05-16 2003-11-20 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Blood withdrawal system
US6652814B1 (en) 2000-08-11 2003-11-25 Lifescan, Inc. Strip holder for use in a test strip meter
US6652720B1 (en) 2001-05-31 2003-11-25 Instrumentation Laboratory Company Analytical instruments, biosensors and methods thereof
US6652734B1 (en) 1999-03-16 2003-11-25 Lifescan, Inc. Sensor with improved shelf life
US20030220552A1 (en) 1999-07-01 2003-11-27 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Reusable analyte sensor site and method of using the same
US20030220663A1 (en) 2002-05-22 2003-11-27 Fletcher Henry H. Lancet device
US6656428B1 (en) 1999-08-06 2003-12-02 Thermo Biostar, Inc. Automated point of care detection system including complete sample processing capabilities
US6656697B1 (en) 1998-09-28 2003-12-02 Lifescan, Inc. Diagnostics based on tetrazolium compounds
US6656702B1 (en) 1998-07-03 2003-12-02 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor containing glucose dehydrogenase
US20030225429A1 (en) 2002-02-15 2003-12-04 Claus-Dieter Garthe System for pain-reduced withdrawal of blood
US20030225430A1 (en) 1998-06-11 2003-12-04 Stat Medical Devices Inc. Lancet having adjustable penetration depth
US20030223906A1 (en) 2002-06-03 2003-12-04 Mcallister Devin Test strip container system
US20030228637A1 (en) 2001-04-10 2003-12-11 The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York Novel microarrays and methods of use thereof
US6662439B1 (en) 1999-10-04 2003-12-16 Roche Diagnostics Corporation Laser defined features for patterned laminates and electrodes
US20030233112A1 (en) 2001-06-12 2003-12-18 Don Alden Self optimizing lancing device with adaptation means to temporal variations in cutaneous properties
US20030232370A1 (en) 2002-04-22 2003-12-18 Trifiro Mark A. Glucose sensor and uses thereof
US20030233113A1 (en) 2001-06-12 2003-12-18 Don Alden Electric lancet actuator
US6669669B2 (en) 2001-10-12 2003-12-30 Insulet Corporation Laminated patient infusion device
US6671527B2 (en) 2000-10-13 2003-12-30 Precisense A/S Optical sensor for in situ measurement of analytes
USD484600S1 (en) 2003-01-27 2003-12-30 Inverness Medical Limited Blood glucose test meter
USD484980S1 (en) 2002-03-18 2004-01-06 Braun Gmbh Blood pressure measuring device
US6673617B2 (en) 2002-03-14 2004-01-06 Lifescan, Inc. Test strip qualification system
US6676995B2 (en) 2001-11-28 2004-01-13 Lifescan, Inc. Solution striping system
US20040007585A1 (en) 2002-04-02 2004-01-15 Griffith Alun W. Test strip vial
US20040010279A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2004-01-15 Freeman Dominique M. Device and method for variable speed lancet
US6679852B1 (en) 2000-05-26 2004-01-20 Roche Diagnostics Corporation System for withdrawing body fluid
US20040015064A1 (en) 2002-06-17 2004-01-22 Parsons James S. Blood sampling apparatus
US6682933B2 (en) 2002-03-14 2004-01-27 Lifescan, Inc. Test strip qualification system
US20040019250A1 (en) 2002-06-26 2004-01-29 Artsana S.P.A. Device for taking blood samples to tested, for example for the level of glucose contained therein
US20040026243A1 (en) 2000-03-28 2004-02-12 Davies Oliver William Hardwicke Continuous process for manufacture of disposable electro-chemical sensor
US20040039342A1 (en) 2000-06-08 2004-02-26 Jonathan Eppstein Transdermal integrated actuator device, methods of making and using same
US20040039407A1 (en) 2002-04-29 2004-02-26 Steven Schraga Lancet device
US6706000B2 (en) 1997-11-21 2004-03-16 Amira Medical Methods and apparatus for expressing body fluid from an incision
US6706232B2 (en) 2001-05-22 2004-03-16 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor
US20040054898A1 (en) 2002-08-28 2004-03-18 International Business Machines Corporation Authenticating and communicating verifiable authorization between disparate network domains
US6709692B2 (en) 2000-10-10 2004-03-23 Genset S.A. Surface absorbing polymers and the uses thereof to treat hydrophobic or hydrophilic surfaces
US20040059256A1 (en) 2001-09-26 2004-03-25 Edward Perez Method and apparatus for sampling bodily fluid
US6713660B1 (en) 1998-06-29 2004-03-30 The Procter & Gamble Company Disposable article having a biosensor
US20040064068A1 (en) 2002-09-30 2004-04-01 Denuzzio John D. Integrated lancet and bodily fluid sensor
US20040061841A1 (en) 2002-07-11 2004-04-01 Black Murdo M. Enzyme electrodes and method of manufacture
US6716577B1 (en) 2000-02-02 2004-04-06 Lifescan, Inc. Electrochemical test strip for use in analyte determination
US20040068283A1 (en) 2001-01-12 2004-04-08 Masahiro Fukuzawa Puncturing device
US6719923B2 (en) 2000-10-19 2004-04-13 Inverness Medical Limited Paste, which can undergo screen printing for producing a porous polymer membrane for a biosensor
US6719887B2 (en) 2000-12-27 2004-04-13 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor
US6723371B2 (en) 2000-06-01 2004-04-20 Bioptik Technology, Inc. Process for preparing an electrochemical test strip
US6723500B2 (en) 2001-12-05 2004-04-20 Lifescan, Inc. Test strips having reaction zones and channels defined by a thermally transferred hydrophobic barrier
US6726818B2 (en) 2000-07-21 2004-04-27 I-Sens, Inc. Biosensors with porous chromatographic membranes
US6731966B1 (en) 1997-03-04 2004-05-04 Zachary S. Spigelman Systems and methods for targeting a lesion
US6729546B2 (en) * 1994-10-26 2004-05-04 Symbol Technologies, Inc. System for reading two-dimensional images using ambient and/or projected light
US6730494B1 (en) 1999-09-17 2004-05-04 Guardian Angel Holdings, Inc. Alcohol concentration test delivery system
US6733493B2 (en) 2000-11-16 2004-05-11 Innotech Usa, Inc. Laser skin perforator
US20040092995A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2004-05-13 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for body fluid sampling with improved sensing
EP0964060B1 (en) 1998-06-10 2004-05-19 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Measurement device for quantitating substrate
US20040098010A1 (en) 2001-10-22 2004-05-20 Glenn Davison Confuser crown skin pricker
US20040096991A1 (en) 1999-11-24 2004-05-20 Honghua Zhang Methods for preparing an electrosensor having a capture reagent
US6740215B1 (en) 1999-11-16 2004-05-25 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor
US6743597B1 (en) 2000-06-13 2004-06-01 Lifescan, Inc. Compositions containing a urea derivative dye for detecting an analyte and methods for using the same
US6743211B1 (en) 1999-11-23 2004-06-01 Georgia Tech Research Corporation Devices and methods for enhanced microneedle penetration of biological barriers
US20040106904A1 (en) 2002-10-07 2004-06-03 Gonnelli Robert R. Microneedle array patch
US20040106858A1 (en) 1998-04-30 2004-06-03 Therasense, Inc. Analyte monitoring device and methods of use
US20040106941A1 (en) 2002-12-03 2004-06-03 Roe Steven N. Dual blade lancing test strip
US6746872B2 (en) 2002-01-16 2004-06-08 Lifescan, Inc. Control compositions and methods of use for coagulation tests
US6749887B1 (en) 2001-11-28 2004-06-15 Lifescan, Inc. Solution drying system
US6751491B2 (en) 2001-09-01 2004-06-15 M Biotech Inc Analyte measuring biosensor chip using image scanning system
US6749792B2 (en) 2001-07-09 2004-06-15 Lifescan, Inc. Micro-needles and methods of manufacture and use thereof
US20040116829A1 (en) 2001-06-08 2004-06-17 Raney Charles C. Sampling devices and methods utilizing a horizontal capillary test strip
US20040115754A1 (en) 2002-12-11 2004-06-17 Umax Data Systems Inc. Method for establishing a long-term profile of blood sugar level aiding self-control of the same
US20040115831A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2004-06-17 Meathrel William G. Diagnostic devices for use in the assaying of biological fluids
US6753187B2 (en) 2001-05-09 2004-06-22 Lifescan, Inc. Optical component based temperature measurement in analyte detection devices
US6752817B2 (en) 2001-03-26 2004-06-22 Bayer Corporation Split pressure ring for lancing device and method of operation
US20040122339A1 (en) 2002-12-24 2004-06-24 Roe Steven N. Sampling devices and methods utilizing biased capillary action
US20040127819A1 (en) 2002-12-30 2004-07-01 Roe Steven N. Blood acquisition suspension system
US20040127818A1 (en) 2002-12-27 2004-07-01 Roe Steven N. Precision depth control lancing tip
US20040127928A1 (en) 2002-10-15 2004-07-01 Whitson Robert C. Lancing device
US20040127929A1 (en) 2002-12-30 2004-07-01 Roe Steven N. Flexible test strip lancet device
US6759190B2 (en) 2002-06-15 2004-07-06 Acon Laboratories, Inc. Test strip for detection of analyte and methods of use
US20040133127A1 (en) 2002-12-30 2004-07-08 Roe Jeffrey N. Capillary tube tip design to assist blood flow
US20040132167A1 (en) 2003-01-06 2004-07-08 Peter Rule Cartridge lance
US20040133125A1 (en) 2002-03-22 2004-07-08 Mariko Miyashita Body fluid measuring adapter and body fluid measuring unit
US20040138588A1 (en) 2002-11-06 2004-07-15 Saikley Charles R Automatic biological analyte testing meter with integrated lancing device and methods of use
US20040138688A1 (en) 2002-10-09 2004-07-15 Jean Pierre Giraud Lancet system including test strips and cassettes for drawing and sampling bodily material
US20040138541A1 (en) 2003-01-13 2004-07-15 Ward W. Kenneth Single use analyte sensor
US6764496B2 (en) 1999-11-02 2004-07-20 Stat Medical Devices, Inc. Single use lancet assembly
US6764581B1 (en) 1997-09-05 2004-07-20 Abbott Laboratories Electrode with thin working layer
US6767441B1 (en) 2001-07-31 2004-07-27 Nova Biomedical Corporation Biosensor with peroxidase enzyme
US20040146958A1 (en) 2001-07-07 2004-07-29 Byung-Woo Bae Glucose strip sensor and glucose measurement using the glucose strip sensor
US6773671B1 (en) 1998-11-30 2004-08-10 Abbott Laboratories Multichemistry measuring device and test strips
US20040157017A1 (en) 2003-02-06 2004-08-12 Ganapati Mauze Method to reduce damage caused by irradiation of halogenated polymers
US20040157319A1 (en) 1997-05-14 2004-08-12 Keensense, Inc. Molecular wire injection sensors
US20040158137A1 (en) 1998-03-06 2004-08-12 Eppstein Jonathan A. Integrated poration, harvesting and analysis device, and method therefor
US20040158271A1 (en) 2001-06-11 2004-08-12 Katsumi Hamamoto Puncturing element integration mounting body, and method of producing the same
US20040157149A1 (en) 2001-05-09 2004-08-12 Andreas Hofmann Object comprising an uncharged, functionalized hydrogel surface
US20040157339A1 (en) 1997-12-22 2004-08-12 Burke David W. System and method for analyte measurement using AC excitation
US20040157338A1 (en) 1997-12-22 2004-08-12 Burke David W. System and method for determining a temperature during analyte measurement
US20040154932A1 (en) 2003-02-11 2004-08-12 Yingping Deng Methods of determining the concentration of an analyte in a fluid test sample
US6776888B2 (en) 2000-07-31 2004-08-17 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor
US20040162506A1 (en) 1996-05-17 2004-08-19 Duchon Brent G. Body fluid sampling device and methods of use
US20040161737A1 (en) 2003-02-14 2004-08-19 Yang Dan-Hui D. Novel luminescent metal chelates and methods for their detection
US20040162474A1 (en) 2001-06-12 2004-08-19 Ernest Kiser Percutaneous biological fluid sampling and analyte measurement devices and methods
US20040162573A1 (en) 2003-02-19 2004-08-19 Kheiri Mohammad A. Endcap for lancing device and method of use
US6780645B2 (en) 2002-08-21 2004-08-24 Lifescan, Inc. Diagnostic kit with a memory storing test strip calibration codes and related methods
US6780647B2 (en) 2000-12-06 2004-08-24 Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. Sensor material, sensor and detection method for bio-substance
US6783537B1 (en) 1998-09-07 2004-08-31 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Lancet dispenser
US20040171968A1 (en) 2001-07-13 2004-09-02 Koji Katsuki Analyzing apparatus, piercing element integrally installed body for temperature measuring device with analyzing apparatus, and body fluid sampling apparatus
US20040171057A1 (en) 2001-05-04 2004-09-02 Mauze Ganapati R. Electro-optical devices and methods for hybridization and detection
US6786874B2 (en) 2001-01-26 2004-09-07 Abbott Laboratories Apparatus and method for the collection of interstitial fluids
US6787013B2 (en) 2001-09-10 2004-09-07 Eumed Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Biosensor
US6787109B2 (en) 2000-07-01 2004-09-07 Roche Diagnostics Corporation Test element analysis system
US20040176732A1 (en) 2000-06-02 2004-09-09 Frazier A Bruno Active needle devices with integrated functionality
US20040176705A1 (en) 2003-03-04 2004-09-09 Stevens Timothy A. Cartridge having an integrated collection element for point of care system
US20040173472A1 (en) 2001-09-28 2004-09-09 Marine Biological Laboratory Self-referencing enzyme-based microsensor and method of use
US20040173488A1 (en) 2002-11-07 2004-09-09 Griffin Carl E. Disposal device for sampling materials
US6790599B1 (en) 1999-07-15 2004-09-14 Microbionics, Inc. Microfluidic devices and manufacture thereof
US6790327B2 (en) 1998-04-02 2004-09-14 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Device and method for determining the concentration of a substrate
US20040180379A1 (en) 2002-08-30 2004-09-16 Northwestern University Surface-enhanced raman nanobiosensor
US20040178067A1 (en) 1999-11-15 2004-09-16 Shoji Miyazaki Biosensor, thin film electrode forming method, quantification apparatus, and quantification method
US20040178216A1 (en) 2003-01-14 2004-09-16 David Brickwood Sensor dispensing device
US6792791B2 (en) 2000-02-18 2004-09-21 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Inspection chip for sensor measuring instrument
US6793802B2 (en) 2001-01-04 2004-09-21 Tyson Bioresearch, Inc. Biosensors having improved sample application and measuring properties and uses thereof
US6793632B2 (en) 2001-06-12 2004-09-21 Lifescan, Inc. Percutaneous biological fluid constituent sampling and measurement devices and methods
US20040186500A1 (en) 2001-07-11 2004-09-23 Masufumi Koike Piercing device
US20040182703A1 (en) 2002-04-25 2004-09-23 Home Diagnostics, Inc. Systems and methods for blood glucose sensing
US20040185568A1 (en) 2003-01-31 2004-09-23 Tanita Corporation Sensor storage solution, sensor calibration solution and sensor
US20040186394A1 (en) 2003-01-29 2004-09-23 Roe Steven N. Integrated lancing test strip
US20040186359A1 (en) 2001-07-09 2004-09-23 Beaudoin Stephen P. Afinity biosensor for monitoring biological process
US6797150B2 (en) 2001-10-10 2004-09-28 Lifescan, Inc. Determination of sample volume adequacy in biosensor devices
US20040193201A1 (en) 2003-03-24 2004-09-30 Yong Pil Kim Disposable lancing device
US6801041B2 (en) 2002-05-14 2004-10-05 Abbott Laboratories Sensor having electrode for determining the rate of flow of a fluid
US6801804B2 (en) 2002-05-03 2004-10-05 Aciont, Inc. Device and method for monitoring and controlling electrical resistance at a tissue site undergoing iontophoresis
US6800488B2 (en) 2000-12-13 2004-10-05 Lifescan, Inc. Methods of manufacturing reagent test strips
US20040194302A1 (en) 1999-10-04 2004-10-07 Bhullar Raghbir S. Method of making a biosensor
US20040197231A1 (en) 2001-07-27 2004-10-07 Koji Katsuki Analyzing instrument
US20040197821A1 (en) 2003-04-04 2004-10-07 Bauer Alan Joseph Rapid-detection biosensor
US20040199062A1 (en) 2001-07-10 2004-10-07 Bo Petersson Optical sensor containing particles for in situ measurement of analytes
US6802199B2 (en) 1999-02-04 2004-10-12 Integ, Inc. Needle for body fluid tester
US6802811B1 (en) 1999-09-17 2004-10-12 Endoluminal Therapeutics, Inc. Sensing, interrogating, storing, telemetering and responding medical implants
US20040200721A1 (en) 2001-08-29 2004-10-14 Bhullar Raghbir S. Biosensor
US20040200720A1 (en) 1999-08-02 2004-10-14 Bayer Corporation Electrochemical-sensor design
US6805780B1 (en) 1999-04-06 2004-10-19 Allmedicus Co., Ltd. Electrochemical biosensor test strip, fabrication method thereof and electrochemical biosensor
US20040209350A1 (en) 2001-08-03 2004-10-21 Tetsuya Sakata Installation body for body fluid sampling apparatus and method of manufacturing the apparatus
US20040206658A1 (en) 2000-01-31 2004-10-21 The Penn State Research Foundation Interrogation of changes in the contents of a sealed container
US20040206636A1 (en) 1995-11-16 2004-10-21 Hodges Alastair Mcindoe Electrochemical cell
US20040206625A1 (en) 2001-04-24 2004-10-21 Bhullar Raghbir S. Biosensor
US20040209307A1 (en) 2001-08-20 2004-10-21 Biosite Incorporated Diagnostic markers of stroke and cerebral injury and methods of use thereof
US20040209354A1 (en) 2002-12-30 2004-10-21 The Regents Of The University Of California Fluid control structures in microfluidic devices
US6808937B2 (en) 1996-01-11 2004-10-26 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Displacement assay on a porous membrane
US6809807B1 (en) 1999-03-09 2004-10-26 Integ, Inc. Body fluid analyte measurement
US6808908B2 (en) 2001-05-30 2004-10-26 Porex Technologies Corporation Functionalized porous substrate for binding chemical and biological moieties
US20040214253A1 (en) 2003-04-25 2004-10-28 Paek Se Hwan Membrane strip biosensor system for point-of-care testing
US20040211666A1 (en) 2001-05-31 2004-10-28 Prasad Pamidi Cross-linked enzyme matrix and uses thereof
US20040215224A1 (en) 2001-07-19 2004-10-28 Tetsuya Sakata Piercing device
US20040215225A1 (en) 2003-04-23 2004-10-28 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd Lancet device and case therefor
US6811557B2 (en) 1998-06-11 2004-11-02 Stat Medical Devices, Inc. Adjustable length member such as a cap of a lancet device for adjusting penetration depth
US6811659B2 (en) 2000-05-16 2004-11-02 Minimed, Inc. Microelectrogravimetrically plated biosensors and apparatus for producing same
US6812031B1 (en) 1997-07-09 2004-11-02 Senzime Point Of Care Ab Regeneration of biosensors
US6811406B2 (en) 2001-04-12 2004-11-02 Formfactor, Inc. Microelectronic spring with additional protruding member
US6811792B2 (en) 1994-12-02 2004-11-02 Quadrant Drug Delivery Ltd. Solid dose delivery vehicle and methods of making same
US6811753B2 (en) 1999-12-28 2004-11-02 Arkray, Inc. Blood testing tool
US20040216516A1 (en) 2001-08-01 2004-11-04 Yoshiharu Sato Analyzing instrument, analyzing device, and method of manufacturing analyzing implement
US20040220495A1 (en) 2000-09-28 2004-11-04 Norwood Abbey Ltd. Diagnostic device
US20040219535A1 (en) 2003-05-01 2004-11-04 Bell Michael L. Sensor system for saccharides
US20040220456A1 (en) 1997-12-30 2004-11-04 Altea Therapeutics Corporation Microporation of tissue for delivery of bioactive agents
US20040220603A1 (en) 2001-08-13 2004-11-04 Wlodzimierz Rutynowski Lancet
US6814845B2 (en) 2001-11-21 2004-11-09 University Of Kansas Method for depositing an enzyme on an electrically conductive substrate
US6814843B1 (en) 2000-11-01 2004-11-09 Roche Diagnostics Corporation Biosensor
US6815186B2 (en) 1999-09-14 2004-11-09 Implanted Biosystems, Inc. Implantable glucose sensor
US20040225312A1 (en) 2003-05-09 2004-11-11 Phoenix Bioscience Linearly lancing integrated pivot disposable
US20040224369A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2004-11-11 Xiaohua Cai Disposable sensor with enhanced sample port inlet
US6818180B2 (en) 1996-04-05 2004-11-16 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Devices for testing for the presence and/or concentration of an analyte in a body fluid
US20040230216A1 (en) 2002-02-21 2004-11-18 Levaughn Richard W. Blood sampling device
US20040232009A1 (en) 2001-10-12 2004-11-25 Hisashi Okuda Concentration measuring method and concentration measuring device
US20040236362A1 (en) 2003-05-20 2004-11-25 Stat Medical Devices, Inc. Adjustable lancet device and method
US20040231983A1 (en) 2003-05-20 2004-11-25 Shen Joseph C.L. Electrochemical sensor with sample pre-treatment function
US20040231984A1 (en) 2002-12-02 2004-11-25 Imants Lauks Heterogeneous membrane electrodes
US20040236268A1 (en) 1998-01-08 2004-11-25 Sontra Medical, Inc. Method and apparatus for enhancement of transdermal transport
US6825047B1 (en) 1996-04-03 2004-11-30 Applera Corporation Device and method for multiple analyte detection
US20040238357A1 (en) 1999-12-23 2004-12-02 Roche Diagnostics Corporation Sensor system
US20040238359A1 (en) 2003-05-28 2004-12-02 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor
US20040243165A1 (en) 2001-07-11 2004-12-02 Masufumi Koike Lancet and piercing device
US20040238358A1 (en) 2003-05-30 2004-12-02 Forrow Nigel John Biosensor
US20040242977A1 (en) 2003-06-02 2004-12-02 Dosmann Andrew J. Non-invasive methods of detecting analyte concentrations using hyperosmotic fluids
US20040243164A1 (en) 2003-05-29 2004-12-02 D'agostino Daniel M. Lancet device
US20040241746A1 (en) 2001-08-09 2004-12-02 Alexander Adlassnig Amperometric biosensor in thick film technology
US6829507B1 (en) 1998-09-21 2004-12-07 St. Jude Medical Ab Apparatus for determining the actual status of a piezoelectric sensor in a medical implant
US6827829B2 (en) 1997-07-22 2004-12-07 Kyoto Daiichi Kagaku Co., Ltd. Test strip for a concentration measuring apparatus biosensor system
US6827250B2 (en) 2001-06-28 2004-12-07 Microchips, Inc. Methods for hermetically sealing microchip reservoir devices
US20040248282A1 (en) 2001-06-11 2004-12-09 Pisharody Sobha M. Electronic detection of biological molecules using thin layers
US20040249405A1 (en) 2002-04-04 2004-12-09 Motokazu Watanabe Lancet device
US20040245101A1 (en) 2001-08-29 2004-12-09 Itamar Willner Self-powered biosensor
US20040248312A1 (en) 2003-06-06 2004-12-09 Bayer Healthcare, Llc Sensor with integrated lancet
US20040249310A1 (en) 2001-06-12 2004-12-09 Robert Shartle Biological fluid constituent sampling and measurement devices and methods
US20040249311A1 (en) 2001-02-06 2004-12-09 Hans-Peter Haar System, for monitoring the concentration of analytes in body fluids
US20040249406A1 (en) 2003-03-20 2004-12-09 Griffin Carl E. Lancing device with decoupled lancet
US6830668B2 (en) 2002-04-30 2004-12-14 Conductive Technologies, Inc. Small volume electrochemical sensor
US6830551B1 (en) 1999-11-08 2004-12-14 Arkray, Inc. Body fluid measuring instrument and body fluid sampler thereof
US6830669B2 (en) 1999-12-03 2004-12-14 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor
US6830934B1 (en) 1999-06-15 2004-12-14 Lifescan, Inc. Microdroplet dispensing for a medical diagnostic device
US20040251131A1 (en) 2002-07-02 2004-12-16 Hiroya Ueno Biosensor, biosensor chip, and biosensor device
US20040254434A1 (en) 2003-06-10 2004-12-16 Goodnow Timothy T. Glucose measuring module and insulin pump combination
US20040254599A1 (en) 2003-03-25 2004-12-16 Lipoma Michael V. Method and apparatus for pre-lancing stimulation of puncture site
US6833540B2 (en) 1997-03-07 2004-12-21 Abbott Laboratories System for measuring a biological parameter by means of photoacoustic interaction
US20040260325A1 (en) 2003-03-20 2004-12-23 Hans-Juergen Kuhr Lancing aid comprising a lancet system that is protected against re-use
US20040256228A1 (en) 2003-06-17 2004-12-23 Chun-Mu Huang Structure and manufacturing method of disposable electrochemical sensor strip
US20040260511A1 (en) 2003-06-20 2004-12-23 Burke David W. System and method for determining an abused sensor during analyte measurement
US20040256685A1 (en) 2001-02-20 2004-12-23 Jung-Chuan Chou Biosensor, method of manufacturing sensing unit thereof, and measuring system
US20040260324A1 (en) 2001-10-31 2004-12-23 Masahiro Fukuzawa Sting device
US20040258564A1 (en) 2003-06-18 2004-12-23 Charlton Steven C. Containers for reading and handling diagnostic reagents and methods of using the same
US20040260326A1 (en) 2003-03-24 2004-12-23 Lipoma Michael V. Lancing device with floating lancet
US20040256248A1 (en) 2003-06-20 2004-12-23 Burke David W. System and method for analyte measurement using dose sufficiency electrodes
US6835184B1 (en) 1999-09-24 2004-12-28 Becton, Dickinson And Company Method and device for abrading skin
US6835553B2 (en) 1999-05-11 2004-12-28 M-Biotech, Inc. Photometric glucose measurement system using glucose-sensitive hydrogel
WO2004112612A1 (en) 2003-06-20 2004-12-29 Facet Technologies, Llc Concealed lancet cartridge for lancing device
US20040267300A1 (en) 2003-06-27 2004-12-30 Mace Chad Harold Lancing device
US20040267105A1 (en) 2002-06-12 2004-12-30 Monfre Stephen L. Apparatus and method for easing use of a spectrophotometric based noninvasive analyzer
US20040267299A1 (en) 2003-06-30 2004-12-30 Kuriger Rex J. Lancing devices and methods of using the same
US20040267229A1 (en) 2001-08-16 2004-12-30 Piet Moerman In-situ adapter for a testing device
US6837988B2 (en) 2001-06-12 2005-01-04 Lifescan, Inc. Biological fluid sampling and analyte measurement devices and methods
US20050000807A1 (en) 2003-07-04 2005-01-06 Kuo-Jeng Wang Biosensor with multi-channel A/D conversion and a method thereof
US20050000806A1 (en) 2003-07-01 2005-01-06 Jun-Wei Hsieh Biosensor for monitoring an analyte content with a partial voltage generated therefrom
US20050000808A1 (en) 2003-06-09 2005-01-06 I-Sens, Inc. Electrochemical biosensor
US20050003470A1 (en) 2003-06-10 2005-01-06 Therasense, Inc. Glucose measuring device for use in personal area network
US20050008537A1 (en) 2003-06-20 2005-01-13 Dan Mosoiu Method and reagent for producing narrow, homogenous reagent stripes
US20050010090A1 (en) 2002-03-08 2005-01-13 George Acosta Compact apparatus for noninvasive measurement of glucose through near-infrared spectroscopy
US20050010198A1 (en) 1992-10-28 2005-01-13 Transmedica International, Inc. Removable tip for laser device with transparent lens
US20050010093A1 (en) 2000-08-18 2005-01-13 Cygnus, Inc. Formulation and manipulation of databases of analyte and associated values
US20050008851A1 (en) 2003-02-18 2005-01-13 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Biosensor
US20050010134A1 (en) 1996-05-17 2005-01-13 Douglas Joel S. Blood and interstitial fluid sampling device
US20050009191A1 (en) 2003-07-08 2005-01-13 Swenson Kirk D. Point of care information management system
US6843254B2 (en) 1998-02-24 2005-01-18 Robert Tapper Sensor controlled analysis and therapeutic delivery system
US6843902B1 (en) 2001-07-20 2005-01-18 The Regents Of The University Of California Methods for fabricating metal nanowires
US20050014997A1 (en) 1997-08-14 2005-01-20 Ruchti Timothy L. Method of sample control and calibration adjustment for use with a noninvasive analyzer
US6847451B2 (en) 2002-05-01 2005-01-25 Lifescan, Inc. Apparatuses and methods for analyte concentration determination
US20050019219A1 (en) 2002-01-18 2005-01-27 Eisaku Oshiman Analyzer having temperature sensor
US20050019212A1 (en) 2003-06-20 2005-01-27 Bhullar Raghbir S. Test strip with flared sample receiving chamber
US20050019805A1 (en) 2003-06-20 2005-01-27 Henning Groll System and method for coding information on a biosensor test strip
US20050019945A1 (en) 2003-06-20 2005-01-27 Henning Groll System and method for coding information on a biosensor test strip
US20050019953A1 (en) 2003-06-20 2005-01-27 Henning Groll System and method for coding information on a biosensor test strip
US6849052B2 (en) 1999-12-13 2005-02-01 Arkray, Inc. Body fluid measuring apparatus with lancet and lancet holder used for the measuring apparatus
US6849168B2 (en) 2000-11-13 2005-02-01 Kval, Inc. Electrochemical microsensor package
US6849216B2 (en) 2001-03-23 2005-02-01 Virotek, L.L.C. Method of making sensor
US6850790B2 (en) 1998-05-13 2005-02-01 Cygnus, Inc. Monitoring of physiological analytes
US20050027181A1 (en) 2003-08-01 2005-02-03 Goode Paul V. System and methods for processing analyte sensor data
US6852119B1 (en) 2002-09-09 2005-02-08 Ramzi F. Abulhaj Adjustable disposable lancet and method
US6853854B1 (en) 1998-09-18 2005-02-08 Q Step Technologies, Llc Noninvasive measurement system
US6852500B1 (en) 1999-07-28 2005-02-08 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Method for determining the concentration of glucose in a body fluid with glucose-containing perfusate
US6852212B2 (en) 1997-08-13 2005-02-08 Lifescan, Inc. Method and apparatus for automatic analysis
US6856125B2 (en) 2001-12-12 2005-02-15 Lifescan, Inc. Biosensor apparatus and method with sample type and volume detection
US6855243B2 (en) 2001-04-27 2005-02-15 Lifescan, Inc. Electrochemical test strip having a plurality of reaction chambers and methods for using the same
US6859738B2 (en) 2001-07-31 2005-02-22 Becton, Dickinson And Company Method and system for predicting initial analyte values in stored samples
US6862466B2 (en) 2000-08-28 2005-03-01 Cygnus, Inc. Methods of monitoring glucose levels in a subject and uses thereof
US6862534B2 (en) 2001-12-14 2005-03-01 Optiscan Biomedical Corporation Method of determining an analyte concentration in a sample from an absorption spectrum
US20050049472A1 (en) 2003-08-29 2005-03-03 Medtronic, Inc. Implantable biosensor devices for monitoring cardiac marker molecules
US6865408B1 (en) 2001-04-11 2005-03-08 Inlight Solutions, Inc. System for non-invasive measurement of glucose in humans
US20050054908A1 (en) 2003-03-07 2005-03-10 Blank Thomas B. Photostimulation method and apparatus in combination with glucose determination
US6866822B1 (en) 2000-08-11 2005-03-15 Lifescan, Inc. Gimbaled bladder actuator for use with test strips
US6866641B2 (en) 2000-11-28 2005-03-15 Owen Mumford Limited Skin prickers
US6866758B2 (en) 2002-03-21 2005-03-15 Roche Diagnostics Corporation Biosensor
US20050059872A1 (en) 2000-03-31 2005-03-17 Shartle Robert Justice Electrically-conductive patterns for monitoring the filling of medical devices
US20050061668A1 (en) 2000-12-12 2005-03-24 Brenneman Allen J. Method of making a capillary channel
US6872299B2 (en) 2001-12-10 2005-03-29 Lifescan, Inc. Passive sample detection to initiate timing of an assay
US6872298B2 (en) 2001-11-20 2005-03-29 Lifescan, Inc. Determination of sample volume adequacy in biosensor devices
US6872358B2 (en) 2002-01-16 2005-03-29 Lifescan, Inc. Test strip dispenser
US6872297B2 (en) 2001-05-31 2005-03-29 Instrumentation Laboratory Company Analytical instruments, biosensors and methods thereof
US6881541B2 (en) 1999-05-28 2005-04-19 Cepheid Method for analyzing a fluid sample
US6887202B2 (en) 2000-06-01 2005-05-03 Science Applications International Corporation Systems and methods for monitoring health and delivering drugs transdermally
WO2005045414A1 (en) 2003-10-31 2005-05-19 Lifescan Scotland Limited Electrochemical test strip for reducing the effect of direct interference current
US20050118062A1 (en) 2002-04-02 2005-06-02 Lifescan, Inc. Analyte concentration determination meters and methods of using the same
US6911937B1 (en) 1999-11-12 2005-06-28 Itt Manufacturing Enterprises, Inc. Digital polarimetric system
US20050140659A1 (en) 2001-11-09 2005-06-30 Lifescan, Inc. Alphanumeric keypad and display system and method
US6913210B2 (en) 2001-09-28 2005-07-05 Holley Performance Products Fuel injector nozzle adapter
US20050149090A1 (en) 2003-10-10 2005-07-07 Susumu Morita Lancet cassette and lancet ejecting device, and lancet assembly composed of them
US6918901B1 (en) 1997-12-10 2005-07-19 Felix Theeuwes Device and method for enhancing transdermal agent flux
US20050164299A1 (en) 2003-06-03 2005-07-28 Bay Materials Llc Phase change sensor
US20050163176A1 (en) 2004-01-26 2005-07-28 Li-Ning You Green diode laser
US6929631B1 (en) 1994-01-18 2005-08-16 Vasca, Inc. Method and apparatus for percutaneously accessing a pressure activated implanted port
US6939685B2 (en) 2001-11-20 2005-09-06 Lifescan, Inc. Stabilized tetrazolium phenazine reagent compositions and methods for using the same
WO2005084546A2 (en) 2004-03-06 2005-09-15 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Body fluid sampling device
US20050205136A1 (en) 2000-02-29 2005-09-22 Freeman Alex R Integrally manufactured micro-electrofluidic cables
WO2005104948A1 (en) 2004-04-30 2005-11-10 F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ag Test magazine and method for using them
US6977722B2 (en) * 2001-06-29 2005-12-20 Meso Scale Technologies, Llc. Assay plates, reader systems and methods for luminescence test measurements
WO2005120365A1 (en) 2004-06-03 2005-12-22 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for a fluid sampling device
US6982431B2 (en) 1998-08-31 2006-01-03 Molecular Devices Corporation Sample analysis systems
US20060030050A1 (en) 2004-08-03 2006-02-09 Axis-Shield Diagnostics Limited Assay
US20060037859A1 (en) 2002-01-04 2006-02-23 Lifescan, Inc. Electrochemical cell connector
US20060100542A9 (en) 2004-04-15 2006-05-11 Daniel Wong Integrated spot monitoring device with fluid sensor
US7045046B2 (en) 1997-03-21 2006-05-16 Lifescan, Inc. Sensor connection means
US7049087B2 (en) 2002-11-05 2006-05-23 Lifescan, Inc. Method for manufacturing a tissue factor-based prothrombin time reagent
USD522656S1 (en) 2004-12-29 2006-06-06 Lifescan Scotland Limited Analyte test meter
US7059352B2 (en) 2004-03-31 2006-06-13 Lifescan Scotland Triggerable passive valve for use in controlling the flow of fluid
US7079252B1 (en) 2000-06-01 2006-07-18 Lifescan, Inc. Dual beam FTIR methods and devices for use in analyte detection in samples of low transmissivity
US20060160100A1 (en) 2005-01-19 2006-07-20 Agency For Science, Technology And Research Enzymatic electrochemical detection assay using protective monolayer and device therefor
US20060184065A1 (en) 2005-02-10 2006-08-17 Ajay Deshmukh Method and apparatus for storing an analyte sampling and measurement device
US20060222566A1 (en) 2003-08-01 2006-10-05 Brauker James H Transcutaneous analyte sensor
US20060229652A1 (en) 2003-07-31 2006-10-12 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd Puncturing instrument, puncturing needle cartridge, puncturing instrument set, and puncturing needle discardment instrument
US20060231425A1 (en) 2005-04-15 2006-10-19 Agamatrix, Inc. Method and Apparatus for Detection of Abnormal Traces during Electrochemical Analyte Detection
US20060233666A1 (en) 2005-04-15 2006-10-19 Agamatrix, Inc. Visual display for meter testing bodily fluids
US20060232278A1 (en) 2005-04-15 2006-10-19 Agamatrix, Inc. method and apparatus for providing stable voltage to analytical system
US20060234263A1 (en) 2005-03-10 2006-10-19 Gen-Probe Incorporated Method for reducing the presence of amplification inhibitors in a reaction receptacle
US20060232528A1 (en) 2005-04-15 2006-10-19 Agamatrix, Inc. Apparatus and method for use of large liquid crystal display with small driver
US20060231423A1 (en) 2005-04-15 2006-10-19 Agamatrix, Inc Analyte determination method and analyte meter
US20060231421A1 (en) 2005-04-15 2006-10-19 Agamatrix, Inc. Method for Determination of Analyte Concentrations and Related Apparatus
US20060247154A1 (en) 2005-02-24 2006-11-02 Lifescan, Inc. Concanavalin a, methods of expressing, purifying and characterizing concanavalina, and sensors including the same
US7134550B2 (en) 2000-08-03 2006-11-14 Novo Nordisk A/S Needle magazine
US20060266644A1 (en) 2005-05-25 2006-11-30 Lifescan, Inc. Method and apparatus for electrochemical analysis
US20060266765A1 (en) 2005-05-25 2006-11-30 Lifescan, Inc. Sensor dispenser device and method of use
US20060281187A1 (en) 2005-06-13 2006-12-14 Rosedale Medical, Inc. Analyte detection devices and methods with hematocrit/volume correction and feedback control
US20060279431A1 (en) 2005-06-08 2006-12-14 Agamatrix, Inc. Data collection system and interface
US7156117B2 (en) 2004-03-31 2007-01-02 Lifescan Scotland Limited Method of controlling the movement of fluid through a microfluidic circuit using an array of triggerable passive valves
US7156810B2 (en) 2003-10-08 2007-01-02 Hitachi, Ltd. Blood sugar level measuring method and apparatus
US7157723B2 (en) 2003-04-15 2007-01-02 Sensors For Medicine And Science, Inc. System and method for attenuating the effect of ambient light on an optical sensor
US7160678B1 (en) 1996-11-05 2007-01-09 Clinical Micro Sensors, Inc. Compositions for the electronic detection of analytes utilizing monolayers
US7162289B2 (en) 2002-09-27 2007-01-09 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Method and apparatus for enhancing the integrity of an implantable sensor device
US20070016239A1 (en) 2001-01-12 2007-01-18 Arkray, Inc. Lancing device, method of making lancing device, pump mechanism, and sucking device
US7167735B2 (en) 2002-03-19 2007-01-23 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Concentration measuring instrument, and method of measuring the concentration of a specific component in a subject of measurement
US7166208B2 (en) 2004-03-03 2007-01-23 Stephen Eliot Zweig Apoenzyme reactivation electrochemical detection method and assay
WO2007010087A2 (en) 2005-07-19 2007-01-25 Ihq Innovation Headquarters Oy Health monitoring device, device modules and method
US7169116B2 (en) 2004-04-29 2007-01-30 Lifescan, Inc. Actuation system for a bodily fluid extraction device and associated methods
US7169289B2 (en) 2002-06-28 2007-01-30 november Aktiengesellschaft Gesellschaft für Molekulare Medizin Electrochemical detection method and device
US7169117B2 (en) 2003-03-28 2007-01-30 Lifescan, Inc. Integrated lance and strip for analyte measurement
US20070027427A1 (en) 2003-10-31 2007-02-01 Trautman Joseph C Self-actuating applicator for microprojection array
US20070027370A1 (en) 2004-07-13 2007-02-01 Brauker James H Analyte sensor
US7172728B2 (en) 2002-04-02 2007-02-06 Lifescan, Inc. Test strip containers and methods of using the same
US20070032813A1 (en) 2003-09-18 2007-02-08 Facet Technologies, Llc Lancing device with pivoting end cap
US20070032812A1 (en) 2003-05-02 2007-02-08 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for a tissue penetrating device user interface
US7179233B2 (en) 2003-10-31 2007-02-20 Yu-Hong Chang Compact structure of a new biosensor monitor
US20070043305A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2007-02-22 Dirk Boecker Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US7183102B2 (en) 2002-03-08 2007-02-27 Sensys Medical, Inc. Apparatus using reference measurement for calibration
US7183068B2 (en) 1999-04-22 2007-02-27 Animas Technologies, Llc Methods of manufacturing glucose measuring assemblies with hydrogels
US20070049901A1 (en) 2005-04-25 2007-03-01 Wu Jeffrey M Method of treating acne with stratum corneum piercing device
US20070049959A1 (en) 2005-08-31 2007-03-01 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Device for sampling blood
US7188034B2 (en) 2004-04-24 2007-03-06 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Method and device for monitoring an analyte concentration in the living body of a human or animal
US20070055297A1 (en) 2003-05-21 2007-03-08 Arkray, Inc. Needle insertion device
US20070055298A1 (en) 2003-05-21 2007-03-08 Arkray, Inc Inssertion depth-adjustable needle insertion device
US7189576B2 (en) 1995-10-30 2007-03-13 Arkray Inc. Method for measuring substance and testing piece
US20070060844A1 (en) 2005-08-29 2007-03-15 Manuel Alvarez-Icaza Applied pressure sensing cap for a lancing device
US20070061393A1 (en) 2005-02-01 2007-03-15 Moore James F Management of health care data
US7192450B2 (en) 2003-05-21 2007-03-20 Dexcom, Inc. Porous membranes for use with implantable devices
US20070066940A1 (en) 2005-09-19 2007-03-22 Lifescan, Inc. Systems and Methods for Detecting a Partition Position in an Infusion Pump
US20070062250A1 (en) 2005-09-19 2007-03-22 Lifescan, Inc. Malfunction Detection With Derivative Calculation
US20070062251A1 (en) 2005-09-19 2007-03-22 Lifescan, Inc. Infusion Pump With Closed Loop Control and Algorithm
US20070068807A1 (en) 2005-09-27 2007-03-29 Abbott Diabetes Care, Inc. In vitro analyte sensor and methods of use
US20070078474A1 (en) 2005-10-05 2007-04-05 Kim Yong P Single-use lancet device
US20070078358A1 (en) 2005-09-30 2007-04-05 Rosedale Medical, Inc. Devices and methods for facilitating fluid transport
US20070074977A1 (en) 2005-09-30 2007-04-05 Lifescan, Inc. Method and apparatus for rapid electrochemical analysis
US20070078360A1 (en) 2003-10-29 2007-04-05 Arkray, Inc. Lancet and lancing apparatus
US20070083222A1 (en) 2005-06-16 2007-04-12 Stat Medical Devices, Inc. Lancet device, removal system for lancet device, and method
US20070083335A1 (en) 2003-04-01 2007-04-12 Piet Moerman Method and device for utilizing analyte levels to assist in the treatment of diabetes
US20070083131A1 (en) 2005-09-30 2007-04-12 Rosedale Medical, Inc. Catalysts for body fluid sample extraction
US20070083130A1 (en) 2005-09-26 2007-04-12 Anne Thomson Method for promoting bodily fluid expression from a target site
US20070080093A1 (en) 2005-10-11 2007-04-12 Agamatrix, Inc. Vial for test strips
US7206623B2 (en) 2000-05-02 2007-04-17 Sensys Medical, Inc. Optical sampling interface system for in vivo measurement of tissue
US20070084749A1 (en) 2005-10-18 2007-04-19 Agamatrix, Inc. Vial for test strips
US20070093864A1 (en) 2005-10-20 2007-04-26 Pugh Jerry T Method for lancing a dermal tissue target site
US20070093728A1 (en) 1996-05-17 2007-04-26 Douglas Joel S Blood and interstitial fluid sampling device
US20070093863A1 (en) 2005-10-20 2007-04-26 Pugh Jerry T Cap for a dermal tissue lancing device
US7212925B2 (en) 2003-01-21 2007-05-01 Bayer Healthcare Llc. Calibration data entry system for a test instrument
US20070100256A1 (en) 2005-10-28 2007-05-03 Sansom Gordon G Analyte monitoring system with integrated lancing apparatus
US20070095178A1 (en) 2005-11-03 2007-05-03 Stat Medical Devices, Inc. Disposable/single-use blade lancet device and method
US20070100364A1 (en) 2005-10-28 2007-05-03 Sansom Gordon G Compact lancing apparatus
US20070100255A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2007-05-03 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for body fluid sampling and analyte sensing
US7213720B2 (en) 2002-10-10 2007-05-08 Csp Technologies, Inc. Resealable moisture tight containers for strips and the like
US7215983B2 (en) 2004-06-30 2007-05-08 Hitachi, Ltd. Blood sugar level measuring apparatus
US7215982B2 (en) 2003-04-03 2007-05-08 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Method and device for measuring concentration of specific component
US20070102312A1 (en) 2004-04-23 2007-05-10 Eun Jong CHA Safe lancet disposer
USD542681S1 (en) 2004-12-29 2007-05-15 Lifescan Scotland Limited Analyte test meter user interface display screen image
US20070108048A1 (en) 2005-11-17 2007-05-17 Abbott Diabetes Care, Inc. Sensors
US20070112367A1 (en) 2005-11-17 2007-05-17 Olson Lorin P Method for lancing a dermal tissue target site using a cap with revolving body
US20070118051A1 (en) 2004-04-10 2007-05-24 Stephan Korner Method and system for withdrawing body fluid
US7225008B1 (en) 2003-05-21 2007-05-29 Isense Corporation Multiple use analyte sensing assembly
US7223248B2 (en) 2003-08-13 2007-05-29 Lifescan, Inc. Packaged medical device with a deployable dermal tissue penetration member
EP1790288A1 (en) 2005-11-25 2007-05-30 Roche Diagnostics GmbH Bent lancet
US20070119710A1 (en) 2005-11-28 2007-05-31 Daniel Goldberger Test substrate handling apparatus
US20070123801A1 (en) 2005-11-28 2007-05-31 Daniel Goldberger Wearable, programmable automated blood testing system
US20070123802A1 (en) 2002-09-05 2007-05-31 Freeman Dominique M Methods and apparatus for an analyte detecting device
US20070123803A1 (en) 2005-10-12 2007-05-31 Masaki Fujiwara Blood sensor, blood testing apparatus, and method for controlling blood testing apparatus
US7226414B2 (en) 2002-10-09 2007-06-05 Biotex, Inc. Method and apparatus for analyte sensing
US7226978B2 (en) 2002-05-22 2007-06-05 Dexcom, Inc. Techniques to improve polyurethane membranes for implantable glucose sensors
USD543878S1 (en) 2006-09-01 2007-06-05 Lifescan, Inc. Analyte test meter
US20070129618A1 (en) 2005-06-20 2007-06-07 Daniel Goldberger Blood parameter testing system
US20070129650A1 (en) 2003-05-30 2007-06-07 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for fluid injection
US20070135828A1 (en) 2003-07-29 2007-06-14 Wlodzimierz Rutynowski Puncturing Device
US20070131565A1 (en) 2003-12-04 2007-06-14 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Method of measuring blood component, sensor used in the method, and measuring device
US7232510B2 (en) 2000-11-30 2007-06-19 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor, measuring instrument for biosensor, and method of quantifying substrate
US20070142776A9 (en) 1997-02-05 2007-06-21 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Insertion device for an insertion set and method of using the same
US20070142854A1 (en) 2005-12-21 2007-06-21 Stat Medical Devices, Inc. Double-ended lancet, method and lancet device using the double-ended lancet, and method of assembling and/or making the double-ended lancet
US20070142748A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2007-06-21 Ajay Deshmukh Tissue penetration device
USD545438S1 (en) 2005-04-01 2007-06-26 Agamatrix, Inc. Analyte meter
US7235378B2 (en) 2000-07-14 2007-06-26 Arkray, Inc. Method of selectively determining glycated hemoglobin
US7235170B2 (en) 2001-05-15 2007-06-26 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor
US7236814B2 (en) 2004-08-20 2007-06-26 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Optical member for biological information measurement, biological information calculation apparatus, biological information calculation method, computer-executable program, and recording medium
US7236812B1 (en) 2003-09-02 2007-06-26 Biotex, Inc. System, device and method for determining the concentration of an analyte
US20070144235A1 (en) 2005-12-05 2007-06-28 Karl Werner Method for the audible output of a piece of information in an analysis system
US20070149897A1 (en) 2005-11-30 2007-06-28 Abbott Diabetes Care, Inc. Integrated Sensor for Analyzing Biological Samples
US20070149875A1 (en) 2005-12-28 2007-06-28 Abbott Diabetes Care, Inc. Analyte monitoring
USD545705S1 (en) 2005-12-16 2007-07-03 Lifescan, Inc. Analyte test meter
US7238534B1 (en) 1997-12-04 2007-07-03 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Capillary active test element having an intermediate layer situated between the support and the covering
USD546218S1 (en) 2006-06-05 2007-07-10 Lifescan Scotland Ltd. Analyte test meter
US7241265B2 (en) 2002-06-05 2007-07-10 Diabetes Diagnostics, Inc. Analyte testing device
USD546216S1 (en) 2005-07-11 2007-07-10 Lifescan Scotland Limited Analyte test meter
US20070161960A1 (en) 2006-01-12 2007-07-12 Fu-Yuan Li Lancet device
US20070162064A1 (en) 2002-03-15 2007-07-12 Starnes Charles D Lancet casing
US20070162065A1 (en) 2006-01-12 2007-07-12 Mu-Shen Chen Disposable lancet device
US20070167869A1 (en) 2005-03-02 2007-07-19 Roe Steven N System and method for breaking a sterility seal to engage a lancet
US20070173876A1 (en) 2006-01-20 2007-07-26 Lifescan, Inc. Lancing device with dampened spring
US20070173739A1 (en) 2006-01-26 2007-07-26 Chan Frank A Stack magazine system
US20070173740A1 (en) 2006-01-05 2007-07-26 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Lancet integrated test element tape dispenser
US20070173741A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2007-07-26 Ajay Deshmukh Tissue penetration device
US7251518B2 (en) 2003-03-13 2007-07-31 Nirlus Engineering Ag Blood optode
US7250037B2 (en) 2002-07-22 2007-07-31 Becton, Dickinson And Company Patch-like infusion device
US7251514B2 (en) 2004-02-26 2007-07-31 Hitachi, Ltd. Blood sugar level measuring apparatus
US7251515B2 (en) 2004-02-17 2007-07-31 Hitachi, Ltd. Blood sugar level measuring apparatus
US7251517B2 (en) 2004-06-30 2007-07-31 Hitachi, Ltd. Blood sugar level measuring apparatus
US7251516B2 (en) 2004-05-11 2007-07-31 Nostix Llc Noninvasive glucose sensor
US7251513B2 (en) 2002-01-25 2007-07-31 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Method of measuring biological information using light and apparatus of measuring biological information using light
US7250105B1 (en) 2000-03-08 2007-07-31 Lifescan Scotland Limited Measurement of substances in liquids
US20070179356A1 (en) 2005-12-29 2007-08-02 Guidance Interactive Healthcare, Inc. Programmable devices, systems and methods for encouraging the monitoring of medical parameters
US20070176120A1 (en) 2004-07-09 2007-08-02 Karin Schwind Method for the selective sterilization of diagnostic test elements
US7254429B2 (en) 2004-08-11 2007-08-07 Glucolight Corporation Method and apparatus for monitoring glucose levels in a biological tissue
US7254426B2 (en) 2003-05-07 2007-08-07 Hitachi, Ltd. Blood sugar level measuring apparatus
US7254432B2 (en) 2005-08-17 2007-08-07 Orsense Ltd. Method and device for non-invasive measurements of blood parameters
US7254427B2 (en) 2003-09-24 2007-08-07 Hitachi, Ltd. Optical measurements apparatus and blood sugar level measuring apparatus using the same
US7254428B2 (en) 2004-02-17 2007-08-07 Hitachi, Ltd. Blood sugar level measuring apparatus
US20070185515A1 (en) 2004-06-25 2007-08-09 Facet Technologies, Llc Low cost safety lancet
WO2007088905A1 (en) 2006-01-31 2007-08-09 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Blood test method and blood test apparatus
US20070185516A1 (en) 2006-01-10 2007-08-09 Stefan Schosnig Puncture aid with protection against reuse
US20070182051A1 (en) 2006-02-09 2007-08-09 Herbert Harttig Test element with elastically mounted lancet
US20070191738A1 (en) 2002-12-30 2007-08-16 Raney Charles C Integrated analytical test element
US20070191702A1 (en) 2006-02-15 2007-08-16 Medingo Ltd. Systems and methods for sensing analyte and dispensing therapeutic fluid
US7258673B2 (en) 2003-06-06 2007-08-21 Lifescan, Inc Devices, systems and methods for extracting bodily fluid and monitoring an analyte therein
US20070196240A1 (en) 2006-02-23 2007-08-23 Agamatrix, Inc. Multi-slot Test strip vial
US20070196242A1 (en) 2006-02-23 2007-08-23 Agamatrix, Inc. Used test strip storage container
US20070193882A1 (en) 2006-02-21 2007-08-23 Ken-Shwo Dai Electrochemical test strip for multi-functional biosensor
US7262061B2 (en) 1999-12-24 2007-08-28 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Test element analysis system
US20070203514A1 (en) 2006-02-27 2007-08-30 Agamatrix, Inc. Safe Locking Lancet
US20070203903A1 (en) 2006-02-28 2007-08-30 Ilial, Inc. Methods and apparatus for visualizing, managing, monetizing, and personalizing knowledge search results on a user interface
US7266400B2 (en) 2003-05-06 2007-09-04 Orsense Ltd. Glucose level control method and system
US20070205103A1 (en) 2005-05-25 2007-09-06 Lifescan, Inc. Method and apparatus for electrochemical analysis
US20070207498A1 (en) 2005-02-24 2007-09-06 Lifescan, Inc. Design and construction of dimeric concanavalin a mutants
US7267750B2 (en) 2001-01-17 2007-09-11 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor
US7267665B2 (en) 1999-06-03 2007-09-11 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Closed loop system for controlling insulin infusion
US20070213637A1 (en) 2006-03-07 2007-09-13 Agamatrix, Inc. Lancing Device
US20070213682A1 (en) 2006-03-13 2007-09-13 Hans-Peter Haar Penetration device, kit, and method
US20070213756A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2007-09-13 Dominique Freeman Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US7270247B2 (en) 2002-03-18 2007-09-18 Bayer Healthcare Llc Storage cartridge for biosensors
US7271912B2 (en) 2003-04-15 2007-09-18 Optiscan Biomedical Corporation Method of determining analyte concentration in a sample using infrared transmission data
US20070219346A1 (en) 2002-04-22 2007-09-20 Mcgill University Glucose sensor and uses thereof
US20070219436A1 (en) 2006-03-17 2007-09-20 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Biological component measuring apparatus and method
US20070219572A1 (en) 2004-07-31 2007-09-20 Frank Deck Integrated device for diagnostic purposes
US20070218543A1 (en) 2006-03-16 2007-09-20 Agamatrix, Inc. Analyte Meter with Rotatable User Interface
US20070219432A1 (en) 2004-05-14 2007-09-20 Thompson Brian C Method and Apparatus for Automatic Detection of Meter Connection and Transfer of Data
US7273484B2 (en) 2003-08-07 2007-09-25 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Blood withdrawal system
US20070225741A1 (en) 2004-04-26 2007-09-27 Yoshiaki Ikeda Lancet Device for Forming Incision
US20070225742A1 (en) 2004-05-17 2007-09-27 Teruyuki Abe Lancet Assembly
US7276146B2 (en) 2001-11-16 2007-10-02 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Electrodes, methods, apparatuses comprising micro-electrode arrays
US7277740B2 (en) 2003-03-15 2007-10-02 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Analysis system for reagent-free determination of the concentration of an analyte in living tissue
US7276380B2 (en) 2000-08-11 2007-10-02 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Transparent liquid inspection apparatus, transparent liquid inspection method, and transparent liquid application method
US20070227911A1 (en) 2006-03-29 2007-10-04 Yi Wang Analyte sensors and methods of use
US20070232956A1 (en) 2004-09-13 2007-10-04 Microsample Ltd. Method and Apparatus for Sampling and Analysis of Fluids
US20070233167A1 (en) 2004-09-04 2007-10-04 Thomas Weiss Lancing apparatus for producing a puncture wound
US20070227907A1 (en) 2006-04-04 2007-10-04 Rajiv Shah Methods and materials for controlling the electrochemistry of analyte sensors
US20070233013A1 (en) 2006-03-31 2007-10-04 Schoenberg Stephen J Covers for tissue engaging members
US20070232872A1 (en) 2006-03-16 2007-10-04 The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Texas System Continuous noninvasive glucose monitoring in diabetic, non-diabetic, and critically ill patients with oct
US20070233166A1 (en) 2004-05-27 2007-10-04 Facet Technologies, Llc Low-Cost Lancing Device with Cantilevered Leaf Spring for Launch and Return
US20070227912A1 (en) 2006-03-31 2007-10-04 Lifescan, Inc. Methods And Apparatus For Analyzing A Sample In The Presence Of Interferents
US20070229085A1 (en) 2004-04-12 2007-10-04 Arkray, Inc. Analyzer
US20070233395A1 (en) 2006-04-03 2007-10-04 Home Diagnostics, Inc. Diagnostic meter
US7279130B2 (en) 2001-08-13 2007-10-09 Bayer Healthcare Llc Sensor dispensing instrument having an activation mechanism and methods of using the same
US7278983B2 (en) 2002-07-24 2007-10-09 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Physiological monitoring device for controlling a medication infusion device
US20070239190A1 (en) 2001-06-12 2007-10-11 Don Alden Method and apparatus for lancet launching device integrated onto a blood-sampling cartridge
US20070239068A1 (en) 2001-06-08 2007-10-11 Juergen Rasch-Menges Control solution packets and methods for calibrating bodily fluid sampling devices
US20070239188A1 (en) 2006-04-10 2007-10-11 Agamatrix, Inc. Lancing Device
US20070235347A1 (en) 2006-03-31 2007-10-11 Lifescan, Inc. Systems and Methods for Discriminating Control Solution from a Physiological Sample
US20070235329A1 (en) 2006-04-07 2007-10-11 Agamatrix, Inc. Method and apparatus for monitoring alteration of flow characteristics in a liquid sample
US7282058B2 (en) 2002-10-29 2007-10-16 Palco Labs, Inc. Single-use lancet device
US20070244499A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2007-10-18 Barry Briggs Methods and apparatus for lancet actuation
US20070240984A1 (en) 2006-04-18 2007-10-18 Popovich Natasha D Biosensors comprising heat sealable spacer materials
US20070244498A1 (en) 2006-04-13 2007-10-18 Henning Steg Lancet device for puncturing the skin
US20070249921A1 (en) 2006-04-21 2007-10-25 Henning Groll Biological testing system
US20070250099A1 (en) 2004-07-20 2007-10-25 Flora Bruce A Multiple Tip Lancet
US7287318B2 (en) 2000-10-06 2007-10-30 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Biosensor
US7289836B2 (en) 1998-08-26 2007-10-30 Sensors For Medicine And Science, Inc. Optical-based sensing devices
US20070255178A1 (en) 2006-04-27 2007-11-01 Lifescan Scotland, Ltd. Method for lancing a target site in low ambient light conditions
US20070251836A1 (en) 2006-04-28 2007-11-01 Hmd Biomedical Inc. Electrochemical sensor and method for analyzing liquid sample
US20070255300A1 (en) 2004-08-19 2007-11-01 Facet Technologies, Llc Loosely coupled lancet
US20070254359A1 (en) 2006-04-28 2007-11-01 Lifescan, Inc. Differentiation of human embryonic stem cells
US20070255302A1 (en) 2004-03-02 2007-11-01 Facet Technologies, Llc Compact Multi-Use Lancing Device
US20070255141A1 (en) 2006-01-20 2007-11-01 Esenaliev Rinat O Noninvasive glucose sensing methods and systems
US7291256B2 (en) 2002-09-12 2007-11-06 Lifescan, Inc. Mediator stabilized reagent compositions and methods for their use in electrochemical analyte detection assays
US7291497B2 (en) 2003-09-11 2007-11-06 Theranos, Inc. Medical device for analyte monitoring and drug delivery
US20070260272A1 (en) 2006-05-04 2007-11-08 Thomas Weiss Blood collection system for collecting blood from a body part for diagnostic purposes
US20070260271A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2007-11-08 Freeman Dominique M Device and method for variable speed lancet
US7294246B2 (en) 2003-11-06 2007-11-13 3M Innovative Properties Company Electrode for electrochemical sensors
US7295867B2 (en) 1998-05-13 2007-11-13 Animas Corporation Signal processing for measurement of physiological analytes
US20070265511A1 (en) 2004-08-26 2007-11-15 Renouf Elissa L Diabetes Blood Glucose Test Site Cleaning Kit
US20070264721A1 (en) 2003-10-17 2007-11-15 Buck Harvey B System and method for analyte measurement using a nonlinear sample response
US20070265532A1 (en) 2002-04-04 2007-11-15 Maynard John D Determination of a Measure of a Glycation End-Product or Disease State Using a Flexible Probe to Determine Tissue Fluorescence of Various Sites
US20070265654A1 (en) 2003-12-15 2007-11-15 Toshiaki Iio Puncture needle cartridge and lancet for blood collection
US7299080B2 (en) 1999-10-08 2007-11-20 Sensys Medical, Inc. Compact apparatus for noninvasive measurement of glucose through near-infrared spectroscopy
US7299079B2 (en) 2002-02-11 2007-11-20 Bayer Healthcare Llc Non-invasive system for the determination of analytes in body fluids
US7299081B2 (en) 2004-06-15 2007-11-20 Abbott Laboratories Analyte test device
US7297241B2 (en) 2002-08-23 2007-11-20 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Method and a device for monitoring a medical microsample in the flow measuring cell of an analyzer
US7297627B2 (en) 2002-09-27 2007-11-20 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Multilayer substrate
US7299082B2 (en) 2003-10-31 2007-11-20 Abbott Diabetes Care, Inc. Method of calibrating an analyte-measurement device, and associated methods, devices and systems
US7301629B2 (en) 1998-05-19 2007-11-27 Spectrx, Inc. Apparatus and method for determining tissue characteristics
US7300402B2 (en) 1993-12-29 2007-11-27 Clinical Decision Support, Llc Computerized medical diagnostic and treatment advice system
US20070273904A1 (en) 2006-05-26 2007-11-29 Lifescan Scotland, Ltd. Method for determining a test strip calibration code for use in a meter
US20070276425A1 (en) 2006-05-29 2007-11-29 Stanley Kim Painless Blood Sampling Lancet with Bundled Multiple Thin Needles
US20070276197A1 (en) 2006-05-24 2007-11-29 Lifescan, Inc. Systems and methods for providing individualized disease management
US20070273901A1 (en) 2006-05-26 2007-11-29 Lifescan Scotland, Ltd. Calibration code strip with permutative grey scale calibration pattern
US20070273903A1 (en) 2006-05-26 2007-11-29 Lifescan Scotland, Ltd. Method for determining a test strip calibration code using a calibration strip
US20070273928A1 (en) 2006-05-26 2007-11-29 Lifescan Scotland, Ltd. Test strip with permutative grey scale calibration pattern
US20070276290A1 (en) 2005-10-04 2007-11-29 Dirk Boecker Tissue Penetrating Apparatus
US7303922B2 (en) 1998-08-27 2007-12-04 Abbott Laboratories Reagentless analysis of biological samples by applying mathematical algorithms to smoothed spectra
US20070282186A1 (en) 2006-05-02 2007-12-06 Adrian Gilmore Blood glucose monitor with an integrated data management system
US20070282362A1 (en) 2004-03-30 2007-12-06 Bjorn Berg Sampler Device
US20070278097A1 (en) 2003-06-20 2007-12-06 Bhullar Raghbir S Biosensor with laser-sealed capillary space and method of making
US7308292B2 (en) 2005-04-15 2007-12-11 Sensors For Medicine And Science, Inc. Optical-based sensing devices
US7305896B2 (en) 2003-09-01 2007-12-11 Inverness Medical Switzerland Gmbh Capillary fill test device
US7308164B1 (en) 2004-09-16 2007-12-11 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Method for texturing surfaces of optical fiber sensors used for blood glucose monitoring
US7306560B2 (en) 1993-12-29 2007-12-11 Clinical Decision Support, Llc Computerized medical diagnostic and treatment advice system including network access
US7310544B2 (en) 2004-07-13 2007-12-18 Dexcom, Inc. Methods and systems for inserting a transcutaneous analyte sensor
US7310542B2 (en) 2004-01-20 2007-12-18 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Non-invasive body component concentration measuring apparatus and method of noninvasively measuring a concentration of a body component using the same
US20070293743A1 (en) 2003-04-16 2007-12-20 Monfre Stephen L Apparatus and method for easing use of a spectrophotometric based noninvasive analyzer
US20070293883A1 (en) 2005-12-12 2007-12-20 Nichinan Corporation Pricking needle device
US20070293882A1 (en) 2004-12-02 2007-12-20 Herbert Harttig Pricking device for taking blood
US20070293790A1 (en) 2004-11-29 2007-12-20 Gregor Bainczyk Diagnostic system for determining substance concentrations in liquid samples
US7312042B1 (en) 2006-10-24 2007-12-25 Abbott Diabetes Care, Inc. Embossed cell analyte sensor and methods of manufacture
US7313425B2 (en) 2004-07-08 2007-12-25 Orsense Ltd. Device and method for non-invasive optical measurements
US20070295616A1 (en) 2006-06-27 2007-12-27 Agamatrix, Inc. Detection of Analytes in a Dual-mediator Electrochemical Test Strip
US7315752B2 (en) 2001-12-22 2008-01-01 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Method and device for determining a light transport parameter in a biological matrix
US7314453B2 (en) 2001-05-14 2008-01-01 Youti Kuo Handheld diagnostic device with renewable biosensor
US20080004651A1 (en) 2004-12-21 2008-01-03 Owen Mumford Ltd. Skin Pricking Apparatus
US7317939B2 (en) 1999-12-22 2008-01-08 Orsense Ltd. Method of optical measurements for determining various parameters of the patient's blood
US7316766B2 (en) 2005-05-27 2008-01-08 Taidoc Technology Corporation Electrochemical biosensor strip
US7317938B2 (en) 1999-10-08 2008-01-08 Sensys Medical, Inc. Method of adapting in-vitro models to aid in noninvasive glucose determination
US7316929B2 (en) 2002-09-10 2008-01-08 Bayer Healthcare Llc Auto-calibration label and apparatus comprising same
US20080007141A1 (en) 2005-02-01 2008-01-10 Frank Deck Drive unit for medical devices
US20080009893A1 (en) 2004-12-20 2008-01-10 Facet Technologies, Llc Lancing Device with Releasable Threaded Enclosure
US20080015623A1 (en) 2005-02-03 2008-01-17 Frank Deck Electromechanical pricking aid for taking liquid samples
US7320412B2 (en) 2004-05-20 2008-01-22 Innovative Product Achievements, Inc. Dispensing systems and methods
EP1881322A1 (en) 2006-07-18 2008-01-23 Roche Diagnostics GmbH Space-optimised portable measuring system
US20080019870A1 (en) 2006-07-21 2008-01-24 Michael John Newman Integrated medical device dispensing and lancing mechanisms and methods of use
US20080021491A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2008-01-24 Freeman Dominique M Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20080021296A1 (en) 2004-10-21 2008-01-24 Creaven John P Sensor-Dispensing Device And Mechanism For Extracting Sensor
US20080021295A1 (en) 1999-11-04 2008-01-24 Yi Wang Sample Acquisition and Analyte Measurement Device
US20080021490A1 (en) 2003-06-06 2008-01-24 Barry Dean Briggs Method and Apparatus for Body Fluid Sampling and Analyte Sensing
US20080021346A1 (en) 2006-07-18 2008-01-24 Hans-Peter Haar Lancet wheel
US20080021291A1 (en) 2004-07-27 2008-01-24 Abbott Laboratories Integrated Lancet and Blood Glucose Meter System
US7322998B2 (en) 1999-03-05 2008-01-29 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Device for withdrawing blood for diagnostic applications
US7323315B2 (en) 2003-02-11 2008-01-29 Bayer Healthcare Llc Method for reducing effect of hematocrit on measurement of an analyte in whole blood
US7322997B2 (en) 2004-04-16 2008-01-29 Guoping Shi Automatic safe disposable blood sampling device of casing self-locking type
US7323098B2 (en) 2002-09-03 2008-01-29 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor and measuring method using the same
US7322996B2 (en) 2002-05-31 2008-01-29 Facet Technologies, Llc Precisely guided lancet
US7322942B2 (en) 2004-05-07 2008-01-29 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Integrated disposable for automatic or manual blood dosing
US7323141B2 (en) 2001-08-13 2008-01-29 Bayer Healthcare Llc Button layout for a testing instrument
US20080027385A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2008-01-31 Freeman Dominique M Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US7328052B2 (en) 2003-09-19 2008-02-05 Nir Diagnostics Inc. Near infrared risk assessment of diseases
US20080031778A1 (en) 2004-07-09 2008-02-07 Peter Kramer Analytical Test Element
US20080033469A1 (en) 2006-08-02 2008-02-07 Sven Winheim Blood withdrawal system
US20080033319A1 (en) 2006-08-03 2008-02-07 Kloepfer Hans G Self-Contained Test Unit for Testing Body Fluids
US20080033268A1 (en) 2005-12-28 2008-02-07 Abbott Diabetes Care, Inc. Method and Apparatus for Providing Analyte Sensor Insertion
US20080033468A1 (en) 2006-06-15 2008-02-07 Abbott Diabetes Care Inc. Lancets and Methods of Use
US20080039886A1 (en) 2006-08-14 2008-02-14 Pengfei Gu Safety single use blood lancet device with adjustable puncture depth
US20080039885A1 (en) 2004-02-06 2008-02-14 Purcell D Glenn Dampening And Retraction Mechanism For A Lancing Device
US20080034834A1 (en) 2006-08-14 2008-02-14 Bayer Healthcare Llc Meter system designed to run singulated test sensors
US20080034835A1 (en) 2006-08-14 2008-02-14 Bayer Healthcare Llc System and method for transferring calibration data
US20080039887A1 (en) 2003-11-12 2008-02-14 Facet Technologies, Llc Lancing device and multi-lancet cartridge
US20080040919A1 (en) 2004-12-17 2008-02-21 Patrick Griss Method for producing a pricking element
US20080045825A1 (en) 2006-08-15 2008-02-21 Melker Richard J Condensate glucose analyzer
US20080047764A1 (en) 2006-08-28 2008-02-28 Cypress Semiconductor Corporation Temperature compensation method for capacitive sensors
US7337918B2 (en) 2004-12-03 2008-03-04 Nova Biomedical Corporation Test strip dispenser
US20080053201A1 (en) 2006-07-12 2008-03-06 Bernd Roesicke Analysis system and method for analyzing a sample on an analytical test element
US20080058631A1 (en) 2004-04-16 2008-03-06 Draudt Gregg R Blood glucose meter having integral lancet device and test strip storage vial for single handed use and methods for using same
US20080058847A1 (en) 2004-10-06 2008-03-06 Izumi-Cosmo Company, Limited Lancet assembly
US20080058849A1 (en) 2004-04-16 2008-03-06 Conway William E Cap displacement mechanism for lancing device and multi-lancet cartridge
US20080058626A1 (en) 2006-09-05 2008-03-06 Shinichi Miyata Analytical meter with display-based tutorial module
US20080058848A1 (en) 2003-07-28 2008-03-06 Don Griffin Endcap for a Sampling Device
US20080060424A1 (en) 2005-03-22 2008-03-13 Branislav Babic Test element for analyzing body fluids
US20080065130A1 (en) 2006-08-22 2008-03-13 Paul Patel Elastomeric toroidal ring for blood expression
US20080064986A1 (en) 2006-08-25 2008-03-13 Uwe Kraemer Puncturing device
US20080065131A1 (en) 2005-03-24 2008-03-13 Hans List Analytical aid
US7344500B2 (en) 2004-07-27 2008-03-18 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Sensing system with auxiliary display
US7344499B1 (en) 1998-06-10 2008-03-18 Georgia Tech Research Corporation Microneedle device for extraction and sensing of bodily fluids
US7347926B2 (en) 2001-10-26 2008-03-25 Arkray, Inc. Method and apparatus for measuring specific component
US20080077168A1 (en) 2004-12-21 2008-03-27 Owen Mumford Ltd. Skin Pricking Apparatus
US20080077048A1 (en) 2006-08-28 2008-03-27 Rosedale Medical, Inc. Body fluid monitoring and sampling devices and methods
US7351375B2 (en) 2001-07-18 2008-04-01 Arkray, Inc. Implement and device for analysis
USRE40198E1 (en) 1998-06-01 2008-04-01 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Method and device for electrochemical immunoassay of multiple analytes
US7351770B2 (en) 2004-09-30 2008-04-01 Lifescan, Inc. Ionic hydrophilic high molecular weight redox polymers for use in enzymatic electrochemical-based sensors
US7351323B2 (en) 2001-01-17 2008-04-01 Arkray, Inc. Quantitative analyzing method and quantitative analyzer using sensor
US20080082117A1 (en) 2003-11-12 2008-04-03 Facet Technologies, Llc Lancing device
US20080082023A1 (en) 2005-03-03 2008-04-03 Frank Deck Puncturing system for withdrawing a body fluid
US20080086042A1 (en) 2006-10-04 2008-04-10 Dexcom, Inc. Analyte sensor
US7357851B2 (en) 2003-09-30 2008-04-15 Abbott Laboratories Electrochemical cell
US7361182B2 (en) 2003-12-19 2008-04-22 Lightnix, Inc. Medical lancet
US20080093227A1 (en) 2006-10-18 2008-04-24 Agamatrix, Inc. Error detection in analyte measurements based on measurement of system resistance
US20080097503A1 (en) 2004-09-09 2008-04-24 Creaven John P Damping System for a Lancet Using Compressed Air
US20080093228A1 (en) 2006-10-19 2008-04-24 Agamatrix, Inc. Method and apparatus for providing a stable voltage to an analytical system
US20080093230A1 (en) 2006-10-18 2008-04-24 Agamatrix, Inc. Electrochemical determination of analytes
US20080094804A1 (en) 2005-01-14 2008-04-24 Reynolds Jeffrey S Test Sensor Cartridges and Sensor-Dispensing Instruments
US20080097241A1 (en) 2006-10-18 2008-04-24 California Institute Of Technology Sampling device
US20080103517A1 (en) 2004-09-06 2008-05-01 Termumo Kabushiki Kaisha Lancet Instrument
US20080103396A1 (en) 2001-04-11 2008-05-01 Johnson Robert D Method and Apparatus for Determination of a Measure of a Glycation End-Product or Disease State Using Tissue Fluorescence
US20080103415A1 (en) 2006-10-13 2008-05-01 Roe Steven N Tape transport lance sampler
US20080109025A1 (en) 2006-11-06 2008-05-08 Apex Biotechnology Corp. Safety lancet
US20080109024A1 (en) 2006-11-02 2008-05-08 Agamatrix, Inc. Lancet Cartridges and Lancing Devices
US20080109259A1 (en) 2004-05-14 2008-05-08 Bayer Healthcare Llc Method and Apparatus for Implementing Patient Data Download for Multiple Different Meter Types
US20080105568A1 (en) 2004-05-14 2008-05-08 Bayer Healthcare Llc, Diabetes Cares Division Voltammetric Systems For Assaying Biological Analytes
US20080108130A1 (en) 2004-11-25 2008-05-08 Takahiro Nakaminami Sensor Device
US20080105024A1 (en) 2006-11-07 2008-05-08 Bayer Healthcare Llc Method of making an auto-calibrating test sensor
US20080114228A1 (en) 2004-08-31 2008-05-15 Mccluskey Joseph Method Of Manufacturing An Auto-Calibrating Sensor
US20080114227A1 (en) 2006-11-15 2008-05-15 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Analysis device for in vivo determination of an analyte in a patient's body
US20080118400A1 (en) 2006-03-13 2008-05-22 Neel Gary T Apparatus For Dispensing Test Strips
US20080119884A1 (en) 2004-09-09 2008-05-22 Flora Bruce A Single Puncture Lancing Fixture with Depth Adjustment and Control of Contact Force
US20080119883A1 (en) 2004-06-30 2008-05-22 Facet Technologies, Llc Lancing Device and Multi-Lancet Cartridge
US7378270B2 (en) 2003-11-10 2008-05-27 Sentec Scientific, Inc. Device for analyte measurement
US20080125800A1 (en) 2005-05-20 2008-05-29 Hans List Lancet system with a sterile protector
US20080125801A1 (en) 2005-05-20 2008-05-29 Hans List Lancet system with a sterile protector
US20080134806A1 (en) 2006-12-06 2008-06-12 Agamatrix, Inc. Container system for dispensing a liquid
US20080140105A1 (en) 2005-03-04 2008-06-12 Weiping Zhong Lancet Release Mechanism
US20080134810A1 (en) 2006-03-13 2008-06-12 Home Diagnostics, Inc. Method and apparatus for coding diagnostic meters
US20080135559A1 (en) 2005-05-04 2008-06-12 Randy Byrd Container for Maintaining Stabilized Control Solution and Container for Single-Use Control Solution Including Prior Use Indicator
US20080144022A1 (en) 2005-06-22 2008-06-19 Jochen Schulat Analysis system for analyzing a sample on an analytical test element
US20080154187A1 (en) 2006-12-21 2008-06-26 Lifescan, Inc. Malfunction detection in infusion pumps
US20080149268A1 (en) 2006-12-21 2008-06-26 Lifescan, Inc. Method for preparing an electrokinetic element
US20080152507A1 (en) 2006-12-21 2008-06-26 Lifescan, Inc. Infusion pump with a capacitive displacement position sensor
US20080154513A1 (en) 2006-12-21 2008-06-26 University Of Virginia Patent Foundation Systems, Methods and Computer Program Codes for Recognition of Patterns of Hyperglycemia and Hypoglycemia, Increased Glucose Variability, and Ineffective Self-Monitoring in Diabetes
US20080149599A1 (en) 2006-12-21 2008-06-26 Lifescan, Inc. Method for manufacturing an electrokinetic infusion pump
EP1093854B1 (en) 2000-08-03 2008-07-02 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Pressure-variation fluid transport for body-fluid analysis
US20080161664A1 (en) 2006-12-29 2008-07-03 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Method and System for Providing Sensor Redundancy
US20080159913A1 (en) 2005-02-01 2008-07-03 Sung-Kwon Jung Fluid Sensor and Kit
US20080167578A1 (en) 2005-11-30 2008-07-10 Abbott Diabetes Care, Inc. Integrated Meter for Analyzing Biological Samples
US20080167673A1 (en) 2005-03-04 2008-07-10 Weiping Zhong Lancet Release Mechanism
US20080166269A1 (en) 2005-04-12 2008-07-10 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Device For Analyzing a Liquid Sample
WO2008085052A2 (en) 2007-01-11 2008-07-17 Arnoldus Huibert Klapwijk Testing device
US7402616B2 (en) 2004-09-30 2008-07-22 Lifescan, Inc. Fusible conductive ink for use in manufacturing microfluidic analytical systems
EP0964059B1 (en) 1998-06-11 2008-08-13 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor comprising a working and a counter electrode, the counter electrode having a base plate with a curved portion
US20080194987A1 (en) 2003-10-14 2008-08-14 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and Apparatus For a Variable User Interface
US20080208026A1 (en) 2006-10-31 2008-08-28 Lifescan, Inc Systems and methods for detecting hypoglycemic events having a reduced incidence of false alarms
US20080208079A1 (en) 2005-09-03 2008-08-28 Heinz-Michael Hein Method for creating a puncture wound and handheld apparatus suitable therefor
US20080214919A1 (en) 2006-12-26 2008-09-04 Lifescan, Inc. System and method for implementation of glycemic control protocols
US20080210574A1 (en) 2004-12-30 2008-09-04 Dirk Boecker Method and apparatus for analyte measurement test time
US20080214917A1 (en) 2004-12-30 2008-09-04 Dirk Boecker Method and apparatus for analyte measurement test time
US20080214909A1 (en) 2005-02-21 2008-09-04 Otto Fuerst Catheter With Microchannels For Monitoring The Concentration Of An Analyte In A Bodily Fluid
US20080228212A1 (en) 2007-03-14 2008-09-18 Hans List Lancet device
EP1643908B1 (en) 2003-07-16 2008-09-24 Roche Diagnostics GmbH System for withdrawing body fluid
US7429630B2 (en) 2004-07-28 2008-09-30 Lifescan Scotland Limited Redox polymers for use in electrochemical-based sensors
US7431820B2 (en) 2001-10-10 2008-10-07 Lifescan, Inc. Electrochemical cell
US20080249435A1 (en) 2005-10-15 2008-10-09 Hans-Peter Haar Test element and test system for examining a body fluid
US20080255598A1 (en) 2003-08-20 2008-10-16 Facet Technologies, Llc Lancing Device With Replaceable Multi-Lancet Carousel
US20080262388A1 (en) 2005-12-15 2008-10-23 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Puncturing System For Collecting Body Fluid Sample
US20080262387A1 (en) 2005-10-08 2008-10-23 Hans List Puncturing system
US20080267822A1 (en) 2007-03-27 2008-10-30 Hans List Analysis device with exchangeable test element magazine
US20080269723A1 (en) 2007-04-25 2008-10-30 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Closed loop/semi-closed loop therapy modification system
USD579652S1 (en) 2007-11-05 2008-11-04 Lifescan, Inc. Cradle for analyte test meter
USD579653S1 (en) 2007-12-12 2008-11-04 Lifescan, Inc. Cradle for analyte test meter
US20080275384A1 (en) 2007-04-25 2008-11-06 Mastrototaro John J Closed loop/semi-closed loop therapy modification system
US20080275365A1 (en) 2007-05-04 2008-11-06 Brian Guthrie Methods of Transferring Data to a Medical Test Device
US20080286149A1 (en) 2007-05-14 2008-11-20 Roe Steven N Bodily fluid sampling with test strips hinged on a tape
US7462265B2 (en) 2003-06-06 2008-12-09 Lifescan, Inc. Reduced volume electrochemical sensor
US7465380B2 (en) 2005-04-12 2008-12-16 Lifescan Scotland, Ltd. Water-miscible conductive ink for use in enzymatic electrochemical-based sensors
US7468125B2 (en) 2005-10-17 2008-12-23 Lifescan, Inc. System and method of processing a current sample for calculating a glucose concentration
US20080319284A1 (en) 2007-06-25 2008-12-25 Lifescan Scotland, Ltd. Method for training a user in recognition of the user's bodily fluid analyte concentration and concentration trends via user-perceived sensations
US20080318193A1 (en) 2007-06-25 2008-12-25 Lifescan Scotland, Ltd. Medical training aid device for training a user in recognition of the user's bodily fluid analyte concentration and concentration trends via user-perceived sensations
US20090005664A1 (en) 2000-11-21 2009-01-01 Dominique Freeman Blood Testing Apparatus Having a Rotatable Cartridge with Multiple Lancing Elements and Testing Means
US7473264B2 (en) 2003-03-28 2009-01-06 Lifescan, Inc. Integrated lance and strip for analyte measurement
US20090024009A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2009-01-22 Dominique Freeman Body fluid sampling device with a capacitive sensor
US7481818B2 (en) 2003-10-20 2009-01-27 Lifescan Lancing device with a floating probe for control of penetration depth
USD585314S1 (en) 2006-09-05 2009-01-27 Lifescan Scotland Limtied Analyte test meter
US20090026091A1 (en) 2007-07-23 2009-01-29 Agamatrix, Inc. Electrochemical Test Strip
US20090027040A1 (en) 2007-07-25 2009-01-29 Lifescan, Inc. Open circuit delay devices, systems, and methods for analyte measurement
US20090026075A1 (en) 2007-07-26 2009-01-29 Agamatrix, Inc. Electrochemical Analyte Detection Apparatus and Method
US20090029479A1 (en) 2007-07-24 2009-01-29 Lifescan Scotland Ltd. Test strip and connector
US20090030441A1 (en) 2003-12-05 2009-01-29 Virotek, Llc Lancet device and method
USD586465S1 (en) 2008-05-09 2009-02-10 Lifescan Scotland Limited Handheld lancing device
USD586466S1 (en) 2008-06-06 2009-02-10 Lifescan, Inc. Blood glucose meter
US20090043177A1 (en) 2007-08-08 2009-02-12 Lifescan, Inc. Method for integrating facilitated blood flow and blood analyte monitoring
US20090043183A1 (en) 2007-08-08 2009-02-12 Lifescan, Inc. Integrated stent and blood analyte monitoring system
USD586916S1 (en) 2008-05-09 2009-02-17 Lifescan Scotland, Ltd. Handheld lancing device
USD586678S1 (en) 2007-10-12 2009-02-17 Lifescan, Inc. Analyte test meter
US20090048536A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2009-02-19 Dominique Freeman Method and apparatus for body fluid sampling and analyte sensing
US20090057146A1 (en) 2007-09-04 2009-03-05 Lifescan, Inc. Analyte test strip with improved reagent deposition
US7501052B2 (en) 2003-08-21 2009-03-10 Agamatrix, Inc. Method and apparatus for assay of electrochemical properties
US20090069716A1 (en) 2004-06-03 2009-03-12 Dominique Freeman Method and apparatus for a fluid sampling device
EP2039294A1 (en) 2007-09-21 2009-03-25 Roche Diagnostics GmbH Piercing system and tape cartridge
US20090084687A1 (en) 2007-09-28 2009-04-02 Lifescan, Inc. Systems and methods of discriminating control solution from a physiological sample
US7521019B2 (en) 2001-04-11 2009-04-21 Lifescan, Inc. Sensor device and methods for manufacture
US20090105573A1 (en) 2007-10-19 2009-04-23 Lifescan Scotland, Ltd. Medical device for predicting a user's future glycemic state
US20090105572A1 (en) 2007-10-18 2009-04-23 Lifescan Scotland, Ltd. Method for predicting a user's future glycemic state
US20090112185A1 (en) 2007-10-30 2009-04-30 Lifescan, Inc. Integrated Conduit Insertion Medical Device
US20090112155A1 (en) 2007-10-30 2009-04-30 Lifescan, Inc. Micro Diaphragm Pump
US20090131965A1 (en) 2001-06-12 2009-05-21 Dominique Freeman Tissue penetration device
US7537571B2 (en) 2001-06-12 2009-05-26 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Integrated blood sampling analysis system with multi-use sampling module
US20090139300A1 (en) 2007-11-30 2009-06-04 Lifescan, Inc. Auto-calibrating metering system and method of use
US7553511B2 (en) 2002-05-01 2009-06-30 Lifescan, Inc. Hydrophilic coatings for medical implements
US20090184004A1 (en) 2008-01-17 2009-07-23 Lifescan, Inc. System and method for measuring an analyte in a sample
US20090187351A1 (en) 2008-01-18 2009-07-23 Lifescan Scotland Ltd. Analyte testing method and system
US20090196580A1 (en) 2005-10-06 2009-08-06 Freeman Dominique M Method and apparatus for an analyte detecting device
USD598126S1 (en) 2008-06-06 2009-08-11 Lifescan Scotland Limited Electrochemical test strip
US7572356B2 (en) 2004-08-31 2009-08-11 Lifescan Scotland Limited Electrochemical-based sensor with a redox polymer and redox enzyme entrapped by a dialysis membrane
US20090204025A1 (en) 2003-09-29 2009-08-13 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for an improved sample capture device
US20090216100A1 (en) 2006-04-20 2009-08-27 Lifescan Scotland Ltd. Method for transmitting data in a blood glucose system and corresponding blood glucose system
USD600349S1 (en) 2008-07-25 2009-09-15 Lifescan, Inc. Analyte test meter
US7588670B2 (en) 2005-04-12 2009-09-15 Lifescan Scotland Limited Enzymatic electrochemical-based sensor
US7589828B2 (en) 2006-05-26 2009-09-15 Lifescan Scotland Limited System for analyte determination that includes a permutative grey scale calibration pattern
EP1074832B1 (en) 1999-08-02 2009-09-16 Bayer Corporation Improved electrochemical-sensor design
USD600812S1 (en) 2008-06-10 2009-09-22 Lifescan Scotland Limited Analyte test strip port icon
USD600813S1 (en) 2008-07-25 2009-09-22 Lifescan, Inc. Analyte test meter in a docking station
US20090237262A1 (en) 2008-03-21 2009-09-24 Lifescan Scotland Ltd. Analyte testing method and system
US20090240127A1 (en) 2008-03-20 2009-09-24 Lifescan, Inc. Methods of determining pre or post meal time slots or intervals in diabetes management
USD601258S1 (en) 2008-07-25 2009-09-29 Lifescan, Inc. Analyte test meter docking station
USD601255S1 (en) 2007-03-21 2009-09-29 Lifescan, Inc. Analyte test meter
US20090247982A1 (en) 2008-03-27 2009-10-01 Lifescan Inc. Medical Device Mechanical Pump
US20090259146A1 (en) 2008-04-11 2009-10-15 Dominique Freeman Method and apparatus for analyte detecting device
US7604592B2 (en) 2003-06-13 2009-10-20 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for a point of care device
US20090270765A1 (en) 2005-11-30 2009-10-29 Abbott Diabetes Care Inc. Integrated meter for analyzing biological samples
US20090281458A1 (en) 2008-05-09 2009-11-12 Lifescan Scotland Ltd. Prime and fire lancing device with contacting bias drive and method
US20090281459A1 (en) 2008-05-09 2009-11-12 Lifescan Scotland Ltd. Lancing devices and methods
US20090280551A1 (en) 2006-10-05 2009-11-12 Lifescan Scotland Limited A reagent formulation using ruthenium hexamine as a mediator for electrochemical test strips
US20090281457A1 (en) 2008-05-09 2009-11-12 Lifescan Soctland Ltd. Prime and fire lancing device with non-contacting bias drive and method
EP0777123B1 (en) 1994-03-09 2009-11-18 Visionary Medical Products Corporation Medication delivery device with a microprocessor and characteristic monitor
EP1404232B1 (en) 2001-06-12 2009-12-02 Pelikan Technologies Inc. Blood sampling apparatus and method
EP2130493A1 (en) 2008-06-07 2009-12-09 Roche Diagnostics GmbH Analysis system for detecting an analyte in a bodily fluid, cartridge for analytic device and method for creating a wound in a part of the body and examining the excreted body fluid
US20090301899A1 (en) 2008-06-09 2009-12-10 Lifescan, Inc. System and method for measuring an analyte in a sample
US20090302872A1 (en) 2007-09-05 2009-12-10 Lifescan Scotland Limited Electrochemical strip for use with a multi-input meter
US20090322630A1 (en) 2006-05-22 2009-12-31 Lifescan Scotland Ltd. Blood glucose level measurement and wireless transmission unit
US20100016700A1 (en) 2008-07-18 2010-01-21 Lifescan, Inc. Analyte measurement and management device and associated methods
US7655119B2 (en) 2003-10-31 2010-02-02 Lifescan Scotland Limited Meter for use in an improved method of reducing interferences in an electrochemical sensor using two different applied potentials
US20100030110A1 (en) 2006-04-14 2010-02-04 Kee Jung Choi Glucose meter with er:yag laser lancing device
US20100041084A1 (en) 2008-08-15 2010-02-18 Lifescan Scotland Ltd. Analyte testing method and system
US7665303B2 (en) 2004-03-31 2010-02-23 Lifescan Scotland, Ltd. Method of segregating a bolus of fluid using a pneumatic actuator in a fluid handling circuit
USD611151S1 (en) 2008-06-10 2010-03-02 Lifescan Scotland, Ltd. Test meter
USD611489S1 (en) 2008-07-25 2010-03-09 Lifescan, Inc. User interface display for a glucose meter
USD611372S1 (en) 2008-09-19 2010-03-09 Lifescan Scotland Limited Analyte test meter
USD611853S1 (en) 2008-03-21 2010-03-16 Lifescan Scotland Limited Analyte test meter
USD612274S1 (en) 2008-01-18 2010-03-23 Lifescan Scotland, Ltd. User interface in an analyte meter
USD612275S1 (en) 2008-03-21 2010-03-23 Lifescan Scotland, Ltd. Analyte test meter
US20100113981A1 (en) 2008-05-09 2010-05-06 Panasonic Corporation Skin incision instrument and method for incising skin with the same
EP1486766B1 (en) 2003-05-29 2010-07-28 Bayer HealthCare LLC Diagnostic test strip for collecting and detecting an analyte in a fluid sample and method for using same
US20100198107A1 (en) 2009-01-30 2010-08-05 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Integrated blood glucose meter and lancing device
US20100215225A1 (en) 2005-04-28 2010-08-26 Takayuki Kadomura Image display apparatus and program
US20100240986A1 (en) 2009-03-20 2010-09-23 Medtronic, Inc. Method And Apparatus For Instrument Placement
US20100256525A1 (en) 2007-04-18 2010-10-07 Hans List Lancing and analysis device
US20100276211A1 (en) 2009-04-02 2010-11-04 Grammer Ag Detection Device and Method for Detecting Occupancy of a Seat
US7833172B2 (en) 2005-04-07 2010-11-16 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Method and device for the extraction of a body fluid
US20100292611A1 (en) 2003-12-31 2010-11-18 Paul Lum Method and apparatus for improving fluidic flow and sample capture
US20110077478A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2011-03-31 Dominique Freeman Body fluid sampling module with a continuous compression tissue interface surface
US20110077553A1 (en) 2001-11-27 2011-03-31 Shl Telemedicine International Ltd. Device for sampling blood droplets under vacuum conditions
US8251922B2 (en) 2007-10-08 2012-08-28 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Analysis system for automatic skin prick analysis
US20120271197A1 (en) 2010-06-02 2012-10-25 Mark Castle Methods and apparatus for lancet actuation

Family Cites Families (678)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US533479A (en) * 1895-02-05 Spiral conveyer
US4338174A (en) 1979-01-08 1982-07-06 Mcneilab, Inc. Electrochemical sensor with temperature compensation means
US4420564A (en) 1980-11-21 1983-12-13 Fuji Electric Company, Ltd. Blood sugar analyzer having fixed enzyme membrane sensor
US4525164A (en) 1981-04-24 1985-06-25 Biotek, Inc. Wearable medication infusion system with arcuated reservoir
GB2106644B (en) 1981-09-07 1985-11-13 Kelly H P G Improvements in or relating to linear motors and control circuitry therefor
CA1218704A (en) 1983-05-05 1987-03-03 Graham Davis Assay systems using more than one enzyme
GB8316824D0 (en) 1983-06-21 1983-07-27 Microsurgical Equipment Ltd Device for member to penetrate workpiece
GB8406154D0 (en) 1984-03-09 1984-04-11 Palmer G C Sampling fluid
US4695273A (en) 1986-04-08 1987-09-22 I-Flow Corporation Multiple needle holder and subcutaneous multiple channel infusion port
DE3634573C1 (en) 1986-10-10 1987-10-22 Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm Biosensor
US4886499A (en) 1986-12-18 1989-12-12 Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. Portable injection appliance
EP0290683A3 (en) 1987-05-01 1988-12-14 Diva Medical Systems B.V. Diabetes management system and apparatus
US5216597A (en) 1987-05-01 1993-06-01 Diva Medical Systems Bv Diabetes therapy management system, apparatus and method
US5049673A (en) 1987-10-30 1991-09-17 The Regents Of The University Of California Fluorescent indicator dyes for calcium working at long wavelengths
US5142484A (en) 1988-05-12 1992-08-25 Health Tech Services Corporation An interactive patient assistance device for storing and dispensing prescribed medication and physical device
JPH0752170B2 (en) 1988-05-27 1995-06-05 ダイキン工業株式会社 Diffusion limiting membrane holder storage container
US5181914A (en) 1988-08-22 1993-01-26 Zook Gerald P Medicating device for nails and adjacent tissue
US5653713A (en) 1989-04-24 1997-08-05 Michelson; Gary Karlin Surgical rongeur
US5183042A (en) 1989-05-23 1993-02-02 Vivascan Corporation Electromagnetic method and apparatus to measure constituents of human or animal tissue
US5178142A (en) 1989-05-23 1993-01-12 Vivascan Corporation Electromagnetic method and apparatus to measure constituents of human or animal tissue
US5508171A (en) 1989-12-15 1996-04-16 Boehringer Mannheim Corporation Assay method with enzyme electrode system
US5054339A (en) 1990-02-20 1991-10-08 Harold Yacowitz Tattooing assembly
JPH0810208B2 (en) 1990-07-20 1996-01-31 松下電器産業株式会社 Biosensor and biosensor measuring device
US5746898A (en) 1990-08-10 1998-05-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Electrochemical-enzymatic sensor
DE69129033T2 (en) 1990-08-20 1998-10-22 Suri A Sastri TUBULAR SURGICAL CUTTING INSTRUMENT
MY108616A (en) 1990-10-10 1996-10-31 Schering Corp Pyridine and pyridine n-oxide derivatives of diaryl methyl piperidines of piperazines, and compositions and methods of use thereof
GB9023289D0 (en) 1990-10-25 1990-12-05 Ici Plc Herbicides
US5251126A (en) 1990-10-29 1993-10-05 Miles Inc. Diabetes data analysis and interpretation method
JPH04194660A (en) 1990-11-27 1992-07-14 Omron Corp Device for measuring concentration of component in blood
US5181910A (en) 1991-02-28 1993-01-26 Pharmacia Deltec, Inc. Method and apparatus for a fluid infusion system with linearized flow rate change
US6991918B2 (en) 1991-04-18 2006-01-31 Becton Dickinson And Co., Methods for improving sensitivity of oxygen biosensors
DK120891D0 (en) 1991-06-21 1991-06-21 Novo Nordisk As BLOOD SAMPLES
US5277181A (en) 1991-12-12 1994-01-11 Vivascan Corporation Noninvasive measurement of hematocrit and hemoglobin content by differential optical analysis
USD342573S (en) 1991-12-13 1993-12-21 Ryder International Corporation Lancet actuator
DE4142795C1 (en) 1991-12-23 1993-04-22 Steinweg, Friedhelm, Dr.Med., 4750 Unna, De
US6905882B2 (en) 1992-05-21 2005-06-14 Biosite, Inc. Diagnostic devices and apparatus for the controlled movement of reagents without membranes
US5379384A (en) 1992-06-05 1995-01-03 Intel Corporation Configuration data loopback in a bus bridge circuit
GB9212010D0 (en) 1992-06-05 1992-07-15 Medisense Inc Mediators to oxidoreductase enzymes
IL107396A (en) 1992-11-09 1997-02-18 Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh Method and apparatus for analytical determination of glucose in a biological matrix
US5794219A (en) 1996-02-20 1998-08-11 Health Hero Network, Inc. Method of conducting an on-line auction with bid pooling
US6210272B1 (en) 1997-12-22 2001-04-03 Health Hero Network, Inc. Multi-player interactive electronic game for health education
US5832448A (en) 1996-10-16 1998-11-03 Health Hero Network Multiple patient monitoring system for proactive health management
US6023686A (en) 1996-02-20 2000-02-08 Health Hero Network Method for conducting an on-line bidding session with bid pooling
US7970620B2 (en) 1992-11-17 2011-06-28 Health Hero Network, Inc. Multi-user remote health monitoring system with biometrics support
US6334778B1 (en) 1994-04-26 2002-01-01 Health Hero Network, Inc. Remote psychological diagnosis and monitoring system
US6240393B1 (en) 1998-06-05 2001-05-29 Health Pro Network, Inc. Aggregating and pooling weight loss information in a communication system with feedback
US8712790B1 (en) 1997-03-28 2014-04-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Multi-user remote health monitoring system with biometrics support
US6968375B1 (en) 1997-03-28 2005-11-22 Health Hero Network, Inc. Networked system for interactive communication and remote monitoring of individuals
US6330426B2 (en) 1994-05-23 2001-12-11 Stephen J. Brown System and method for remote education using a memory card
US20040019259A1 (en) 1992-11-17 2004-01-29 Brown Stephen J. Remote monitoring and data management platform
US5985559A (en) 1997-04-30 1999-11-16 Health Hero Network System and method for preventing, diagnosing, and treating genetic and pathogen-caused disease
US5951300A (en) 1997-03-10 1999-09-14 Health Hero Network Online system and method for providing composite entertainment and health information
US6068615A (en) 1994-07-22 2000-05-30 Health Hero Network, Inc. Inductance-based dose measurement in syringes
US8626521B2 (en) 1997-11-21 2014-01-07 Robert Bosch Healthcare Systems, Inc. Public health surveillance system
AU1766201A (en) 1992-11-17 2001-05-30 Health Hero Network, Inc. Method and system for improving adherence with a diet program or other medical regimen
US5940801A (en) 1994-04-26 1999-08-17 Health Hero Network, Inc. Modular microprocessor-based diagnostic measurement apparatus and method for psychological conditions
US6186145B1 (en) 1994-05-23 2001-02-13 Health Hero Network, Inc. Method for diagnosis and treatment of psychological and emotional conditions using a microprocessor-based virtual reality simulator
US5897493A (en) 1997-03-28 1999-04-27 Health Hero Network, Inc. Monitoring system for remotely querying individuals
US6101478A (en) 1997-04-30 2000-08-08 Health Hero Network Multi-user remote health monitoring system
US5879163A (en) 1996-06-24 1999-03-09 Health Hero Network, Inc. On-line health education and feedback system using motivational driver profile coding and automated content fulfillment
US7941326B2 (en) 2001-03-14 2011-05-10 Health Hero Network, Inc. Interactive patient communication development system for reporting on patient healthcare management
US5918603A (en) 1994-05-23 1999-07-06 Health Hero Network, Inc. Method for treating medical conditions using a microprocessor-based video game
US5933136A (en) 1996-12-23 1999-08-03 Health Hero Network, Inc. Network media access control system for encouraging patient compliance with a treatment plan
US5899855A (en) 1992-11-17 1999-05-04 Health Hero Network, Inc. Modular microprocessor-based health monitoring system
US5913310A (en) 1994-05-23 1999-06-22 Health Hero Network, Inc. Method for diagnosis and treatment of psychological and emotional disorders using a microprocessor-based video game
US5960403A (en) 1992-11-17 1999-09-28 Health Hero Network Health management process control system
US20010011224A1 (en) 1995-06-07 2001-08-02 Stephen James Brown Modular microprocessor-based health monitoring system
US5997476A (en) 1997-03-28 1999-12-07 Health Hero Network, Inc. Networked system for interactive communication and remote monitoring of individuals
US6196970B1 (en) 1999-03-22 2001-03-06 Stephen J. Brown Research data collection and analysis
US20030212579A1 (en) 2002-05-08 2003-11-13 Brown Stephen J. Remote health management system
US5601435A (en) 1994-11-04 1997-02-11 Intercare Method and apparatus for interactively monitoring a physiological condition and for interactively providing health related information
US6168563B1 (en) 1992-11-17 2001-01-02 Health Hero Network, Inc. Remote health monitoring and maintenance system
US6167386A (en) 1998-06-05 2000-12-26 Health Hero Network, Inc. Method for conducting an on-line bidding session with bid pooling
US5887133A (en) 1997-01-15 1999-03-23 Health Hero Network System and method for modifying documents sent over a communications network
US7624028B1 (en) 1992-11-17 2009-11-24 Health Hero Network, Inc. Remote health monitoring and maintenance system
US5371687A (en) 1992-11-20 1994-12-06 Boehringer Mannheim Corporation Glucose test data acquisition and management system
DK148592D0 (en) 1992-12-10 1992-12-10 Novo Nordisk As APPARATUS
US5385846A (en) 1993-06-03 1995-01-31 Boehringer Mannheim Corporation Biosensor and method for hematocrit determination
JP2704046B2 (en) 1993-06-08 1998-01-26 ベーリンガー マンハイム コーポレーション Biosensing meter that detects the appropriate electrode connection and distinguishes between sample and check pieces
US5405511A (en) 1993-06-08 1995-04-11 Boehringer Mannheim Corporation Biosensing meter with ambient temperature estimation method and system
US5352351A (en) 1993-06-08 1994-10-04 Boehringer Mannheim Corporation Biosensing meter with fail/safe procedures to prevent erroneous indications
DE9422352U1 (en) 1993-06-21 2000-11-09 Roche Diagnostics Corp Stabilizer for a diagnostic reagent
WO1995006240A1 (en) 1993-08-24 1995-03-02 Metrika Laboratories, Inc. Novel disposable electronic assay device
US5965452A (en) 1996-07-09 1999-10-12 Nanogen, Inc. Multiplexed active biologic array
WO1995012583A1 (en) 1993-11-05 1995-05-11 Merck & Co., Inc. New quinazolines as inhibitors of hiv reverse transcriptase
US5885211A (en) 1993-11-15 1999-03-23 Spectrix, Inc. Microporation of human skin for monitoring the concentration of an analyte
DE4401400A1 (en) 1994-01-19 1995-07-20 Ernst Prof Dr Pfeiffer Method and arrangement for continuously monitoring the concentration of a metabolite
AU2365695A (en) 1994-04-26 1995-11-16 Raya Systems, Inc. Modular microprocessor-based diagnostic measurement system for psychological conditions
DE4415896A1 (en) 1994-05-05 1995-11-09 Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh Analysis system for monitoring the concentration of an analyte in the blood of a patient
DE4420232A1 (en) 1994-06-07 1995-12-14 Robert Waltereit Penetration depth checking device for hollow needle or probe inserted in human or animal patient
US5792117A (en) 1994-07-22 1998-08-11 Raya Systems, Inc. Apparatus for optically determining and electronically recording injection doses in syringes
IE72524B1 (en) 1994-11-04 1997-04-23 Elan Med Tech Analyte-controlled liquid delivery device and analyte monitor
US5573480A (en) 1995-01-25 1996-11-12 Ccs, Llc Stationary exercise apparatus
US5741228A (en) 1995-02-17 1998-04-21 Strato/Infusaid Implantable access device
US5695949A (en) 1995-04-07 1997-12-09 Lxn Corp. Combined assay for current glucose level and intermediate or long-term glycemic control
US6486231B1 (en) 1995-04-19 2002-11-26 Csp Technologies, Inc. Co-continuous interconnecting channel morphology composition
SE9502285D0 (en) 1995-06-22 1995-06-22 Pharmacia Ab Improvements related to injections
US5995860A (en) 1995-07-06 1999-11-30 Thomas Jefferson University Implantable sensor and system for measurement and control of blood constituent levels
US6041253A (en) 1995-12-18 2000-03-21 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Effect of electric field and ultrasound for transdermal drug delivery
US7016713B2 (en) 1995-08-09 2006-03-21 Inlight Solutions, Inc. Non-invasive determination of direction and rate of change of an analyte
DE19530376C2 (en) 1995-08-18 1999-09-02 Fresenius Ag Biosensor
DE19531173A1 (en) 1995-08-24 1997-02-27 Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh Method for stabilizing the content of glycated protein in a sample on a matrix material
DE29514084U1 (en) 1995-09-01 1995-11-02 Biosafe Diagnostics Corp Blood collection and test device
US6614522B1 (en) 1995-09-08 2003-09-02 Integ, Inc. Body fluid sampler
WO1997010745A1 (en) 1995-09-08 1997-03-27 Integ, Inc. Body fluid sampler
AUPN661995A0 (en) 1995-11-16 1995-12-07 Memtec America Corporation Electrochemical cell 2
US7112265B1 (en) 1996-02-14 2006-09-26 Lifescan Scotland Limited Disposable test strips with integrated reagent/blood separation layer
JP3729553B2 (en) 1996-04-09 2005-12-21 大日本印刷株式会社 Body fluid analyzer
US6117155A (en) 1996-05-01 2000-09-12 Lee; Young H. Coated needle for use with an intramuscular stimulation treatment device
DE69733836T2 (en) 1996-05-17 2006-04-27 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc., Indianapolis BODY FLUID DETECTION AND ANALYSIS DEVICE
US6015392A (en) 1996-05-17 2000-01-18 Mercury Diagnostics, Inc. Apparatus for sampling body fluid
IL118432A (en) 1996-05-27 1999-12-31 Yissum Res Dev Co Electrochemical and photochemical electrodes and their use
US5709797A (en) 1996-06-05 1998-01-20 Poli Industria Chimica S.P.A. Method of isolating cyclosporins
DE19622720C2 (en) * 1996-06-06 1999-07-15 Megamos F & G Sicherheit Authentication facility with key number memory
WO1998003431A1 (en) 1996-07-23 1998-01-29 Medisense, Inc. Silver chloride particles
US6544193B2 (en) 1996-09-04 2003-04-08 Marcio Marc Abreu Noninvasive measurement of chemical substances
EP0833145B1 (en) 1996-09-27 2003-01-29 Inverness Medical Switzerland GmbH Test kit and devices
CA2210552C (en) 1996-09-27 2001-05-15 Xerox Corporation System and method for mitigating the visual effects of halo
DE69724630T2 (en) 1996-10-02 2004-07-29 Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharma Co. 4,4-DISUBSTITUTED 1,4-DIHYDRO-2H-3,1-BENZOXAZINE-2-ONE THAT ARE APPLICABLE AS HIV REVERSTRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITORS, INTERMEDIATE PRODUCTS AND METHODS FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF
US5741287A (en) 1996-11-01 1998-04-21 Femrx, Inc. Surgical tubular cutter having a tapering cutting chamber
GB9623149D0 (en) 1996-11-07 1997-01-08 Univ Manchester Sensor
US5968765A (en) 1996-11-08 1999-10-19 Mercury Diagnostics, Inc. Opaque reaction matrix for the analysis of the whole blood
AU5460598A (en) 1996-11-15 1998-06-03 United States Of America, Represented By The Secretary, Department Of Health And Human Services, The Pharmaceutical compositions containing vanilloid agonists in combination with vanilloid antagonists
US5972715A (en) 1996-12-23 1999-10-26 Bayer Corporation Use of thermochromic liquid crystals in reflectometry based diagnostic methods
US6151586A (en) 1996-12-23 2000-11-21 Health Hero Network, Inc. Computerized reward system for encouraging participation in a health management program
USD403974S (en) * 1997-01-06 1999-01-12 Chao Fou Hsu Drinking water purification system monitoring device
US6032119A (en) 1997-01-16 2000-02-29 Health Hero Network, Inc. Personalized display of health information
US5974124A (en) 1997-01-21 1999-10-26 Med Graph Method and system aiding medical diagnosis and treatment
US6741877B1 (en) 1997-03-04 2004-05-25 Dexcom, Inc. Device and method for determining analyte levels
US6161028A (en) 1999-03-10 2000-12-12 Optiscan Biomedical Corporation Method for determining analyte concentration using periodic temperature modulation and phase detection
US6270455B1 (en) 1997-03-28 2001-08-07 Health Hero Network, Inc. Networked system for interactive communications and remote monitoring of drug delivery
HRP980143A2 (en) 1997-04-09 1999-02-28 Soo Sung Ko 4,4-disubstituted-3,4-dihydro-2 (1h)-quinazolinones useful as hiv reverse transcriptase inhibitors
US6248065B1 (en) 1997-04-30 2001-06-19 Health Hero Network, Inc. Monitoring system for remotely querying individuals
US7220550B2 (en) 1997-05-14 2007-05-22 Keensense, Inc. Molecular wire injection sensors
US6991940B2 (en) 1997-06-10 2006-01-31 Home Diagnostics, Inc. Diagnostic sanitary test strip
US7049130B2 (en) 1997-06-10 2006-05-23 Home Diagnostics, Inc. Diagnostic sanitary test strip
SE509536C2 (en) * 1997-06-24 1999-02-08 Moelnlycke Ab Absorbent articles with improved fluid absorption capacity
US5893870A (en) 1997-07-21 1999-04-13 Actilife L.L.C. Device and method for restricting venous flow for improved blood sampling
US5932799A (en) 1997-07-21 1999-08-03 Ysi Incorporated Microfluidic analyzer module
GB9716254D0 (en) 1997-08-01 1997-10-08 Hypoguard Uk Ltd Test device
US6039748A (en) 1997-08-05 2000-03-21 Femrx, Inc. Disposable laparoscopic morcellator
US6061128A (en) 1997-09-04 2000-05-09 Avocet Medical, Inc. Verification device for optical clinical assay systems
AU9792198A (en) 1997-10-07 1999-04-27 Health Hero Network, Inc. Remotely programmable talking toy
US20010032278A1 (en) 1997-10-07 2001-10-18 Brown Stephen J. Remote generation and distribution of command programs for programmable devices
JP2001520377A (en) 1997-10-15 2001-10-30 アクレイラ バイオサイエンシズ,インコーポレイティド Laminated micro structural device and method of manufacturing laminated micro structural device
CO5040209A1 (en) 1997-10-16 2001-05-29 Abbott Lab BIOSENSOR ELECTRODES MEDIATORS OF COFACTOR REGENERATION
US6252583B1 (en) 1997-11-14 2001-06-26 Immersion Corporation Memory and force output management for a force feedback system
US6893552B1 (en) 1997-12-29 2005-05-17 Arrowhead Center, Inc. Microsensors for glucose and insulin monitoring
US7066884B2 (en) 1998-01-08 2006-06-27 Sontra Medical, Inc. System, method, and device for non-invasive body fluid sampling and analysis
JP3902875B2 (en) 1998-10-19 2007-04-11 テルモ株式会社 Puncture device
EP1563866B1 (en) 1998-02-05 2007-10-03 Biosense Webster, Inc. Intracardiac drug delivery
US6949111B2 (en) 1998-02-13 2005-09-27 Steven Schraga Lancet device
US5997509A (en) 1998-03-06 1999-12-07 Cornell Research Foundation, Inc. Minimally invasive gene therapy delivery device and method
US6878251B2 (en) 1998-03-12 2005-04-12 Lifescan, Inc. Heated electrochemical cell
JP3382853B2 (en) 1998-04-09 2003-03-04 松下電器産業株式会社 Body fluid testing device
US6200289B1 (en) 1998-04-10 2001-03-13 Milestone Scientific, Inc. Pressure/force computer controlled drug delivery system and the like
AU3725199A (en) 1998-05-06 1999-11-23 Isotechnika Inc. 13c glucose breath test for the diagnosis of diabetic indications andmonitoring glycemic control
US7043287B1 (en) 1998-05-18 2006-05-09 Abbott Laboratories Method for modulating light penetration depth in tissue and diagnostic applications using same
US6576117B1 (en) 1998-05-20 2003-06-10 Arkray Method and apparatus for electrochemical measurement using statistical technique
CA2334174A1 (en) 1998-06-04 1999-12-09 Izrail Tsals Gas driven drug delivery device
US6093146A (en) 1998-06-05 2000-07-25 Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. Physiological monitoring
CA2330207C (en) 1998-06-10 2005-08-30 Georgia Tech Research Corporation Microneedle devices and methods of manufacture and use thereof
US6477424B1 (en) 1998-06-19 2002-11-05 Medtronic, Inc. Medical management system integrated programming apparatus for communication with an implantable medical device
ATE468068T1 (en) 1998-07-04 2010-06-15 Whitland Res Ltd BLOODLESS MEASUREMENT OF ANALYTES FROM BLOOD
US7077328B2 (en) 1998-07-31 2006-07-18 Abbott Laboratories Analyte test instrument system including data management system
GB9817662D0 (en) 1998-08-13 1998-10-07 Crocker Peter J Substance delivery
US6554798B1 (en) 1998-08-18 2003-04-29 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. External infusion device with remote programming, bolus estimator and/or vibration alarm capabilities
US6535753B1 (en) 1998-08-20 2003-03-18 Microsense International, Llc Micro-invasive method for painless detection of analytes in extra-cellular space
US6196979B1 (en) 1998-08-24 2001-03-06 Burstein Technologies, Inc. Cassette and applicator for biological and chemical sample collection
US6918874B1 (en) 1998-09-10 2005-07-19 Spectrx, Inc. Attribute compensation for analyte detection and/or continuous monitoring
AU6259799A (en) 1998-09-23 2000-04-10 Health Hero Network, Inc. Dynamic modeling and scoring risk assessment
AU6158999A (en) 1998-09-23 2000-04-10 Health Hero Network, Inc. Reducing risk using behavioral and financial rewards
ATE514372T1 (en) 1998-10-08 2011-07-15 Medtronic Minimed Inc LICENSE PLATE MONITORING SYSTEM WITH REMOTE MEASUREMENT
WO2000029577A1 (en) 1998-11-13 2000-05-25 Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Novel members of the capsaicin/vanilloid receptor family of proteins and uses thereof
AU1263300A (en) 1998-11-16 2000-06-05 Brian Andersen Vibration actuator
WO2000033236A1 (en) 1998-11-30 2000-06-08 Health Hero Network, Inc. System and method for improving a risk for a monitored client
US6161095A (en) 1998-12-16 2000-12-12 Health Hero Network, Inc. Treatment regimen compliance and efficacy with feedback
AU775435B2 (en) 1998-12-01 2004-07-29 Health Hero Network, Inc. System and method for executing a treatment regimen
US6184608B1 (en) 1998-12-29 2001-02-06 Honeywell International Inc. Polymer microactuator array with macroscopic force and displacement
US6155267A (en) 1998-12-31 2000-12-05 Medtronic, Inc. Implantable medical device monitoring method and system regarding same
WO2000044084A2 (en) 1999-01-21 2000-07-27 Stridsberg Innovation Ab An electric motor
WO2000046854A1 (en) 1999-02-05 2000-08-10 Alien Technology Corporation Apparatuses and methods for forming assemblies
AU3363000A (en) 1999-02-12 2000-08-29 Cygnus, Inc. Devices and methods for frequent measurement of an analyte present in a biological system
US6555945B1 (en) 1999-02-25 2003-04-29 Alliedsignal Inc. Actuators using double-layer charging of high surface area materials
DE19909602A1 (en) 1999-03-05 2000-09-07 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Device for drawing blood for diagnostic purposes
US6959211B2 (en) 1999-03-10 2005-10-25 Optiscan Biomedical Corp. Device for capturing thermal spectra from tissue
US6468638B2 (en) 1999-03-16 2002-10-22 Alien Technology Corporation Web process interconnect in electronic assemblies
DE19912365A1 (en) 1999-03-19 2000-09-21 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Multi-layer analytical tool
US6305804B1 (en) 1999-03-25 2001-10-23 Fovioptics, Inc. Non-invasive measurement of blood component using retinal imaging
US6302844B1 (en) 1999-03-31 2001-10-16 Walker Digital, Llc Patient care delivery system
US7107253B1 (en) 1999-04-05 2006-09-12 American Board Of Family Practice, Inc. Computer architecture and process of patient generation, evolution and simulation for computer based testing system using bayesian networks as a scripting language
AU4080700A (en) 1999-04-07 2000-10-23 Blue Lake Products, Inc. Identification of protective covers for medical imaging devices
JP2000298111A (en) 1999-04-15 2000-10-24 Sentan Kagaku Gijutsu Incubation Center:Kk Biosensor
GB9908930D0 (en) 1999-04-19 1999-06-16 Pbt Limited Active material low power electrical switching mechanism
US6218762B1 (en) 1999-05-03 2001-04-17 Mcnc Multi-dimensional scalable displacement enabled microelectromechanical actuator structures and arrays
EP1198771A4 (en) 1999-05-26 2005-01-05 Health Hero Network Inc Converting unstructured information into structured information
AUPQ089299A0 (en) 1999-06-10 1999-07-01 N & V Curie Pty Ltd Disposable lancet device
US6925317B1 (en) 1999-06-11 2005-08-02 Spectrx, Inc. Integrated alignment devices, system, and methods for efficient fluid extraction, substance delivery and other applications
AU5747100A (en) 1999-06-18 2001-01-09 Therasense, Inc. Mass transport limited in vivo analyte sensor
GB9915181D0 (en) 1999-06-29 1999-09-01 Drew Scient Ltd Amperometric sensor
WO2001000090A1 (en) 1999-06-30 2001-01-04 Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Toegepast- Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek Tno Pricking device, carrier and cassette comprising a plurality of lancets
WO2001015807A1 (en) 1999-08-27 2001-03-08 Aclara Biosciences, Inc. Efficient compound distribution in microfluidic devices
US6137269A (en) 1999-09-01 2000-10-24 Champlin; Keith S. Method and apparatus for electronically evaluating the internal temperature of an electrochemical cell or battery
US6147618A (en) 1999-09-15 2000-11-14 Ilife Systems, Inc. Apparatus and method for reducing power consumption in physiological condition monitors
US7045054B1 (en) 1999-09-20 2006-05-16 Roche Diagnostics Corporation Small volume biosensor for continuous analyte monitoring
WO2001023885A1 (en) 1999-09-27 2001-04-05 Hypoguard Limited Test device
US6331266B1 (en) 1999-09-29 2001-12-18 Becton Dickinson And Company Process of making a molded device
US20050103624A1 (en) 1999-10-04 2005-05-19 Bhullar Raghbir S. Biosensor and method of making
WO2001025776A1 (en) 1999-10-05 2001-04-12 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Glucose sensor
US6743399B1 (en) 1999-10-08 2004-06-01 Micronics, Inc. Pumpless microfluidics
US6593337B1 (en) 1999-10-19 2003-07-15 Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharma Company Tricyclic compounds useful as HIV reverse transcriptase inhibitors
DE19952215C2 (en) 1999-10-29 2001-10-31 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Test element analysis system
US20050070945A1 (en) 1999-11-02 2005-03-31 Steven Schraga Single use lancet assembly
US6878255B1 (en) 1999-11-05 2005-04-12 Arrowhead Center, Inc. Microfluidic devices with thick-film electrochemical detection
US6923894B2 (en) 1999-11-11 2005-08-02 Apex Biotechnology Corporation Biosensor with multiple sampling ways
US7458956B1 (en) 1999-11-12 2008-12-02 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Apparatus for delivery of controlled doses of therapeutic drugs in endoluminal procedures
JP4621839B2 (en) 1999-11-15 2011-01-26 アークレイ株式会社 Biosensor
US6925393B1 (en) 1999-11-18 2005-08-02 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh System for the extrapolation of glucose concentration
BR0015716A (en) 1999-11-19 2003-05-06 Spectrx Inc Organic Tissue Interface Device
US6458326B1 (en) 1999-11-24 2002-10-01 Home Diagnostics, Inc. Protective test strip platform
JP4050434B2 (en) 1999-11-29 2008-02-20 松下電器産業株式会社 Sample discrimination method
US6358196B1 (en) 1999-12-29 2002-03-19 Reiza Rayman Magnetic retraction system for laparoscopic surgery and method of use thereof
US6322575B1 (en) 2000-01-05 2001-11-27 Steven Schraga Lancet depth adjustment assembly
US6607494B1 (en) 2000-01-20 2003-08-19 Mayo Foundation For Medical Education And Research Mucosal sampler
JP3982133B2 (en) 2000-01-25 2007-09-26 松下電器産業株式会社 Measuring device using biosensor and biosensor and dedicated standard solution used therefor
CN1153968C (en) 2000-02-18 2004-06-16 松下电器产业株式会社 Measuring system
WO2001063271A1 (en) 2000-02-21 2001-08-30 F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ag Electrochemical sensor for determining blood clotting, corresponding system for measuring blood clotting and method for determining blood clotting
US6895263B2 (en) 2000-02-23 2005-05-17 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Real time self-adjusting calibration algorithm
US6893396B2 (en) 2000-03-01 2005-05-17 I-Medik, Inc. Wireless internet bio-telemetry monitoring system and interface
DE10010694A1 (en) 2000-03-04 2001-09-06 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Lancet including tipped needle with body surrounding tip
WO2001069505A1 (en) 2000-03-15 2001-09-20 Health Hero Network, Inc. An interactive patient communication development system for reporting on patient healthcare management
AU2001252938A1 (en) 2000-03-21 2002-05-27 Health Hero Network, Inc. Networked system for interactive communication and remote monitoring of individuals
CA2644178C (en) 2000-03-28 2011-03-01 Diabetes Diagnostics, Inc. Rapid response glucose sensor
EP1267708A4 (en) 2000-03-29 2006-04-12 Univ Virginia Method, system, and computer program product for the evaluation of glycemic control in diabetes from self-monitoring data
CN1187610C (en) 2000-03-29 2005-02-02 松下电器产业株式会社 Biosensor
US6908593B1 (en) 2000-03-31 2005-06-21 Lifescan, Inc. Capillary flow control in a fluidic diagnostic device
US6441747B1 (en) 2000-04-18 2002-08-27 Motorola, Inc. Wireless system protocol for telemetry monitoring
DE10019223A1 (en) 2000-04-18 2001-10-31 Pelikan Produktions Ag Egg System for detecting a liquid level in a container
US20060211931A1 (en) 2000-05-02 2006-09-21 Blank Thomas B Noninvasive analyzer sample probe interface method and apparatus
US6599281B1 (en) 2000-05-03 2003-07-29 Aspect Medical Systems, Inc. System and method for adaptive drug delivery
US6442413B1 (en) 2000-05-15 2002-08-27 James H. Silver Implantable sensor
US7006858B2 (en) 2000-05-15 2006-02-28 Silver James H Implantable, retrievable sensors and immunosensors
US7063775B2 (en) 2000-05-16 2006-06-20 Arkray, Inc. Biosensor and method for manufacturing the same
US6885883B2 (en) 2000-05-16 2005-04-26 Cygnus, Inc. Methods for improving performance and reliability of biosensors
WO2001089691A2 (en) 2000-05-24 2001-11-29 Micronics, Inc. Capillaries for fluid movement within microfluidic channels
CN100464557C (en) 2000-05-31 2009-02-25 爱科来株式会社 Remote data control system and measuring data gathering method
AU5824001A (en) 2000-06-09 2001-12-17 Novo Nordisk A/S A needle magazine
CA2689656A1 (en) 2000-06-16 2001-12-16 Bayer Healthcare Llc System, method and biosensor apparatus for data communications with a personal data assistant
US6494830B1 (en) 2000-06-22 2002-12-17 Guidance Interactive Technologies, Inc. Handheld controller for monitoring/using medical parameters
US6699188B2 (en) 2000-06-22 2004-03-02 Guidance Interactive Technologies Interactive reward devices and methods
JP3543000B2 (en) 2000-06-28 2004-07-14 松下電器産業株式会社 Biosensor
US6488828B1 (en) 2000-07-20 2002-12-03 Roche Diagnostics Corporation Recloseable biosensor
GB0017737D0 (en) 2000-07-20 2000-09-06 Hypoguard Limited Test device
GB2365123A (en) 2000-07-20 2002-02-13 Hypoguard Ltd Test strip
CN100339701C (en) 2000-07-24 2007-09-26 松下电器产业株式会社 Biosensor
CN1201147C (en) 2000-07-31 2005-05-11 松下电器产业株式会社 Biosensor
CA2408338C (en) 2000-08-18 2009-09-08 Cygnus, Inc. Methods and devices for prediction of hypoglycemic events
WO2002015778A1 (en) 2000-08-18 2002-02-28 Cygnus, Inc. Analyte monitoring device alarm augmentation system
GB0021219D0 (en) 2000-08-30 2000-10-18 Hypoguard Ltd Test device
US7494494B2 (en) 2000-08-30 2009-02-24 Johns Hopkins University Controllable motorized device for percutaneous needle placement in soft tissue target and methods and systems related thereto
EP1323062A4 (en) 2000-09-08 2007-08-01 Health Hero Network Inc Networked system for interactive communication and remote monitoring of individuals
US6575905B2 (en) 2000-09-22 2003-06-10 Knobbe, Lim & Buckingham Method and apparatus for real-time estimation of physiological parameters
DE60111771T2 (en) 2000-10-13 2006-05-04 Alza Corp., Mountain View MIKROKLINGEANORDUNGSAUFPRALLAPPLIKATOR
US7024248B2 (en) 2000-10-16 2006-04-04 Remon Medical Technologies Ltd Systems and methods for communicating with implantable devices
AU2002243370A1 (en) 2000-10-26 2002-06-24 Healthetech, Inc. Body supported activity and condition monitor
US6982027B2 (en) 2000-10-27 2006-01-03 Arkray, Inc. Biosensor
US6540890B1 (en) 2000-11-01 2003-04-01 Roche Diagnostics Corporation Biosensor
US7144496B2 (en) 2000-11-02 2006-12-05 Pall Corporation Biological fluid analysis device
WO2002044948A2 (en) 2000-11-28 2002-06-06 Firespout, Inc. Interactive display of a document summary
CN100394889C (en) 2000-11-30 2008-06-18 爱科来株式会社 Measuring device equipped with comment input function
US6645142B2 (en) 2000-12-01 2003-11-11 Optiscan Biomedical Corporation Glucose monitoring instrument having network connectivity
US6967105B2 (en) 2000-12-02 2005-11-22 Queststar Medical, Inc. Surface-modified wick for diagnostic test strip
ES2382367T3 (en) 2000-12-13 2012-06-07 Panasonic Corporation Quantification procedure of a substrate
US7063234B2 (en) 2000-12-29 2006-06-20 Csp Technologies, Inc. Meter strip dispenser assembly
US6560471B1 (en) 2001-01-02 2003-05-06 Therasense, Inc. Analyte monitoring device and methods of use
US7628780B2 (en) 2001-01-13 2009-12-08 Medtronic, Inc. Devices and methods for interstitial injection of biologic agents into tissue
WO2002059734A1 (en) 2001-01-24 2002-08-01 Firespout, Inc. Interactive marking and recall of a document
US6723046B2 (en) 2001-01-29 2004-04-20 Cybernet Systems Corporation At-home health data management method and apparatus
GB0103973D0 (en) 2001-02-17 2001-04-04 Owen Mumford Ltd Improvements relating to skin prickers
US6541266B2 (en) 2001-02-28 2003-04-01 Home Diagnostics, Inc. Method for determining concentration of an analyte in a test strip
US7422586B2 (en) 2001-02-28 2008-09-09 Angiodynamics, Inc. Tissue surface treatment apparatus and method
CA2439822C (en) 2001-03-06 2011-01-11 Pendragon Medical Ltd. Method and device for determining the concentration of a substance in body liquid
WO2002077641A2 (en) 2001-03-07 2002-10-03 Instrumentation Laboratory Company Reference electrode
DE10111392A1 (en) 2001-03-09 2002-09-12 Chromeon Gmbh Bioanalytical measurement method using oxidases
US6952603B2 (en) 2001-03-16 2005-10-04 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Subcutaneous analyte sensor
EP1397068A2 (en) 2001-04-02 2004-03-17 Therasense, Inc. Blood glucose tracking apparatus and methods
EP1377821A2 (en) 2001-04-03 2004-01-07 Micronics, Inc. Pneumatic valve interface for use in microfluidic structures
JP4320177B2 (en) 2001-04-04 2009-08-26 アルザ・コーポレーシヨン Transdermal electrotransport delivery device comprising an antimicrobial compatible reservoir composition
US6983176B2 (en) 2001-04-11 2006-01-03 Rio Grande Medical Technologies, Inc. Optically similar reference samples and related methods for multivariate calibration models used in optical spectroscopy
EP1387170B1 (en) 2001-04-12 2012-03-21 ARKRAY, Inc. Specimen analyzing implement
US7167734B2 (en) 2001-04-13 2007-01-23 Abbott Laboratories Method for optical measurements of tissue to determine disease state or concentration of an analyte
US6676816B2 (en) 2001-05-11 2004-01-13 Therasense, Inc. Transition metal complexes with (pyridyl)imidazole ligands and sensors using said complexes
US7005273B2 (en) 2001-05-16 2006-02-28 Therasense, Inc. Method for the determination of glycated hemoglobin
US6890484B2 (en) 2001-05-18 2005-05-10 Acon Laboratories, Inc. In line test device and methods of use
AU784254B2 (en) 2001-05-21 2006-03-02 Bayer Corporation Improved electrochemical sensor
US7103578B2 (en) 2001-05-25 2006-09-05 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Remote medical device access
DE60229476D1 (en) 2001-05-29 2008-12-04 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Biosensor
US6875208B2 (en) 2001-05-31 2005-04-05 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Microchip devices with improved reservoir opening
US20020188223A1 (en) 2001-06-08 2002-12-12 Edward Perez Devices and methods for the expression of bodily fluids from an incision
US7122102B2 (en) 2001-06-11 2006-10-17 Bayer Healthcare Llc Electrochemical sensor
US6960287B2 (en) 2001-06-11 2005-11-01 Bayer Corporation Underfill detection system for a test sensor
ES2357887T3 (en) 2001-06-12 2011-05-03 Pelikan Technologies Inc. APPARATUS FOR IMPROVING THE BLOOD OBTAINING SUCCESS RATE FROM A CAPILLARY PUNCTURE.
WO2002101343A2 (en) 2001-06-12 2002-12-19 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Thermal sensor for fluid detection
WO2002103343A1 (en) 2001-06-14 2002-12-27 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor
GB0115191D0 (en) 2001-06-21 2001-08-15 Hypoguard Ltd Needle cutting device
WO2003000127A2 (en) 2001-06-22 2003-01-03 Cygnus, Inc. Method for improving the performance of an analyte monitoring system
US6844149B2 (en) 2001-06-29 2005-01-18 International Business Machines Corporation Method, system, and apparatus for measurement and recording of blood chemistry and other physiological measurements
US7044911B2 (en) 2001-06-29 2006-05-16 Philometron, Inc. Gateway platform for biological monitoring and delivery of therapeutic compounds
US20030013121A1 (en) 2001-07-12 2003-01-16 Khan Waheed N. Diagnostic test kit
KR20040023672A (en) 2001-07-24 2004-03-18 유니버시티 오브 피츠버그 Irreversible immobilization of diisopropylfluorophophatase into polyurethane coatings
US20030028125A1 (en) 2001-08-06 2003-02-06 Yuzhakov Vadim V. Physiological sample collection devices and methods of using the same
US6946098B2 (en) 2001-08-10 2005-09-20 Clearant, Inc. Methods for sterilizing biological materials
AU2002300223B2 (en) 2001-08-13 2008-12-11 Bayer Corporation Mechanical Mechanism for a Blood Glucose Sensor Dispensing Instrument
US6918918B1 (en) 2001-08-14 2005-07-19 Steven Schraga Single use lancet assembly
US8048097B2 (en) 2001-08-14 2011-11-01 Steven Schraga Single use lancet assembly
US6678542B2 (en) 2001-08-16 2004-01-13 Optiscan Biomedical Corp. Calibrator configured for use with noninvasive analyte-concentration monitor and employing traditional measurements
US6869418B2 (en) 2001-08-17 2005-03-22 Hypoguard Usa Inc. Safety shield for a needle assembly
US6884592B2 (en) 2001-09-05 2005-04-26 Lifescan, Inc. Devices for analyte concentration determination and methods of manufacturing and using the same
US6881203B2 (en) 2001-09-05 2005-04-19 3M Innovative Properties Company Microneedle arrays and methods of manufacturing the same
US6645219B2 (en) 2001-09-07 2003-11-11 Amira Medical Rotatable penetration depth adjusting arrangement
GB0121669D0 (en) 2001-09-10 2001-10-31 Sensalyse Holdings Ltd Electrode
US7045361B2 (en) 2001-09-12 2006-05-16 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Analyte sensing via acridine-based boronate biosensors
US6650915B2 (en) 2001-09-13 2003-11-18 Fovioptics, Inc. Non-invasive measurement of blood analytes using photodynamics
US7163616B2 (en) 2001-09-14 2007-01-16 Bayer Corporation Reagents and methods for detecting analytes, and devices comprising reagents for detecting analytes
US7052591B2 (en) 2001-09-21 2006-05-30 Therasense, Inc. Electrodeposition of redox polymers and co-electrodeposition of enzymes by coordinative crosslinking
EP1469903A2 (en) 2001-09-28 2004-10-27 BioValve Technologies, Inc. Microneedle with membrane
WO2003100469A2 (en) 2001-10-02 2003-12-04 Alfred E. Mann Institute For Biomedical Engineering At The University Of Southern California Internal biochemical sensing device
US6984307B2 (en) 2001-10-05 2006-01-10 Stephen Eliot Zweig Dual glucose-hydroxybutyrate analytical sensors
US6923936B2 (en) 2001-10-23 2005-08-02 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Sterile device and method for producing same
US7429258B2 (en) 2001-10-26 2008-09-30 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Microneedle transport device
WO2003034912A1 (en) 2001-10-26 2003-05-01 Disetronic Licensing Ag Simulation device for playful evaluation and display of blood sugar levels
GB2381452B (en) 2001-11-05 2005-08-10 Johnson & Johnson Medical Ltd Wound monitoring
US7061593B2 (en) 2001-11-08 2006-06-13 Optiscan Biomedical Corp. Device and method for in vitro determination of analyte concentrations within body fluids
US6989891B2 (en) 2001-11-08 2006-01-24 Optiscan Biomedical Corporation Device and method for in vitro determination of analyte concentrations within body fluids
US6958809B2 (en) 2001-11-08 2005-10-25 Optiscan Biomedical Corporation Reagent-less whole-blood glucose meter
GB0127322D0 (en) 2001-11-14 2002-01-02 Hypoguard Ltd Test device
CN1489690A (en) 2001-11-14 2004-04-14 松下电器产业株式会社 Biosensor
EP1445605A4 (en) 2001-11-14 2005-01-12 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Biosensor
JP3863878B2 (en) 2001-11-16 2006-12-27 ポスコ Welded structural steel with excellent weld heat affected zone toughness, manufacturing method thereof, and welded structure using the same
CN1271406C (en) 2001-11-20 2006-08-23 爱科来株式会社 Fail judging method in analysis and treatment and analyzer
GB0128350D0 (en) 2001-11-27 2002-01-16 Lab901 Ltd Non-rigid apparatus for microfluidic applications
AU2002353004A1 (en) 2001-11-28 2003-06-10 Phemi Inc. Methods and apparatus for automated interactive medical management
US20050101841A9 (en) 2001-12-04 2005-05-12 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Healthcare networks with biosensors
GB0129883D0 (en) 2001-12-13 2002-02-06 Hypoguard Ltd Test meter calibration
CA2470772A1 (en) 2001-12-17 2003-06-26 Terry L. Burkoth Non-or minimally invasive monitoring methods
EP1458798B1 (en) 2001-12-20 2020-04-08 Animas Technologies LLC Highly catalytic screen-printing ink
US6908008B2 (en) 2001-12-21 2005-06-21 Lifescan, Inc. Test device with means for storing and dispensing diagnostic strips
US6952604B2 (en) 2001-12-21 2005-10-04 Becton, Dickinson And Company Minimally-invasive system and method for monitoring analyte levels
DE10163775A1 (en) 2001-12-22 2003-07-03 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Analysis system for determining an analyte concentration taking into account sample and analyte-independent changes in light intensity
DE10163774A1 (en) 2001-12-22 2003-07-03 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Plug-in data transfer module, useful in monitoring medical conditions, comprises an interface at the analysis system, and a communication unit to transmit converted electromagnetic/acoustic signals to a data processing station
AU2002367180A1 (en) 2001-12-27 2003-07-15 Arkray, Inc. Concentration measuring method
US7090764B2 (en) 2002-01-15 2006-08-15 Agamatrix, Inc. Method and apparatus for processing electrochemical signals
US20050130248A1 (en) 2002-02-04 2005-06-16 Yissum Research And Development Company Of The Hebrew University Of Jerusalem Biosensor carrying redox enzymes
GB0202603D0 (en) 2002-02-05 2002-03-20 Owen Mumford Ltd Improvements relating to Lancets
DE10245721A1 (en) 2002-02-21 2003-12-11 Hartmann Paul Ag Blood analyzer device comprises needles, test media, analyzer and display, and has carrier turned with respect to main body, to position needle and test media
DE60222809T2 (en) 2002-03-01 2008-06-26 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd., Kadoma BIOSENSOR
US7108680B2 (en) 2002-03-06 2006-09-19 Codman & Shurtleff, Inc. Closed-loop drug delivery system
US6908535B2 (en) 2002-03-06 2005-06-21 Medtronic, Inc. Current-to-voltage-converter for a biosensor
GB2413964B (en) 2002-03-06 2006-02-08 Htl Strefa Spolka Z O O A device for puncturing patient's skin
WO2003074993A1 (en) 2002-03-06 2003-09-12 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Concentration measurement device
CA2419213C (en) 2002-03-07 2011-06-21 Bayer Healthcare Llc Improved electrical sensor
US20050187439A1 (en) 2003-03-07 2005-08-25 Blank Thomas B. Sampling interface system for in-vivo estimation of tissue analyte concentration
US20060134713A1 (en) 2002-03-21 2006-06-22 Lifescan, Inc. Biosensor apparatus and methods of use
CA2480550C (en) 2002-03-22 2011-07-12 Cygnus, Inc. Improving performance of an analyte monitoring device
JP3808393B2 (en) 2002-03-28 2006-08-09 富士写真フイルム株式会社 Blood test unit and blood test apparatus
US7047070B2 (en) 2002-04-02 2006-05-16 Becton, Dickinson And Company Valved intradermal delivery device and method of intradermally delivering a substance to a patient
US7027848B2 (en) 2002-04-04 2006-04-11 Inlight Solutions, Inc. Apparatus and method for non-invasive spectroscopic measurement of analytes in tissue using a matched reference analyte
US6887239B2 (en) 2002-04-17 2005-05-03 Sontra Medical Inc. Preparation for transmission and reception of electrical signals
US8360992B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2013-01-29 Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland Gmbh Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
CN101173920B (en) 2002-04-19 2012-04-18 松下电器产业株式会社 Biosensor cartridge and biosensor allocator
US6942770B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2005-09-13 Nova Biomedical Corporation Disposable sub-microliter volume biosensor with enhanced sample inlet
US8267870B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2012-09-18 Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland Gmbh Method and apparatus for body fluid sampling with hybrid actuation
EP1501410B1 (en) 2002-04-19 2016-06-08 Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH Apparatus for penetrating tissue
US7892183B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2011-02-22 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for body fluid sampling and analyte sensing
KR200283543Y1 (en) 2002-04-22 2002-07-26 김용필 Automatic Lancing Device
US6743635B2 (en) 2002-04-25 2004-06-01 Home Diagnostics, Inc. System and methods for blood glucose sensing
US6946299B2 (en) 2002-04-25 2005-09-20 Home Diagnostics, Inc. Systems and methods for blood glucose sensing
EP1498067A1 (en) 2002-04-25 2005-01-19 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Dosage determination supporting device, injector, and health management supporting system
US7003337B2 (en) 2002-04-26 2006-02-21 Vivascan Corporation Non-invasive substance concentration measurement using and optical bridge
US7597700B2 (en) 2002-04-30 2009-10-06 Abbott Laboratories Lancet removal tool
US6887709B2 (en) 2002-05-09 2005-05-03 Lifescan, Inc. Devices, systems and methods for the containment and use of liquid solutions
US6951728B2 (en) 2002-05-10 2005-10-04 Lifescan, Inc. Multilayer reagent test strips to quantify glycated protein in a physiological sample
DE10221435B4 (en) 2002-05-14 2004-10-28 Isabella Dr. Moser Enzyme electrode arrangement, a method for the production thereof and a biosensor arrangement comprising this enzyme electrode arrangement
DE10222228A1 (en) 2002-05-16 2003-11-27 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Micropump with heating elements for pulsed operation
GB0211449D0 (en) 2002-05-17 2002-06-26 Oxford Biosensors Ltd Analyte measurement
KR100441152B1 (en) 2002-05-20 2004-07-21 주식회사 인포피아 Biosensor
WO2003099123A1 (en) 2002-05-22 2003-12-04 Spectrx, Inc. System and method for the extraction and monitoring of a biological fluid
AU2003234830A1 (en) 2002-05-23 2003-12-12 Arkray, Inc. Analyzer, analyzer pack, cartridge provided with the packs, method of producing the pack, analyzing device, and mechanism for taking out object
CZ297082B6 (en) 2002-06-03 2006-09-13 Ing. Ilja Krejcí-Engineering Three-dimensional components prepared by thick film technology and method of producing thereof
EP1369788A3 (en) 2002-06-04 2007-07-04 Bayer HealthCare LLC RS232C interface system
SE0201738D0 (en) 2002-06-07 2002-06-07 Aamic Ab Micro-fluid structures
GB0214373D0 (en) 2002-06-21 2002-07-31 Owen Mumford Ltd Improvements relating to finger pricking lancets
TW559660B (en) 2002-06-21 2003-11-01 Apex Biotechnology Corp Portable multifunctional electrochemical bio-analyzer
US7129038B2 (en) 2002-06-21 2006-10-31 Lifescan, Inc. Method for selectively combining multiple membranes for assembly into test strips
NZ526334A (en) 2002-06-25 2003-10-31 Bayer Healthcare Llc Sensor with integrated lancet for monitoring blood by colorometric or electrochemical test method
US7059492B2 (en) 2002-06-25 2006-06-13 Capitol Plastic Products, Llc Moisture-proof resealable, non-cylindrical container for consumer packages
EP1578930A4 (en) 2002-06-27 2008-07-02 Centocor Inc Cngh0004 polypeptides, antibodies, compositions, methods and uses
US20040068093A1 (en) 2002-07-01 2004-04-08 The Procter & Gamble Company Polymerized hydrogel comprising low amounts of residual monomers and by-products
AU2003246222A1 (en) 2002-07-02 2004-01-23 Arkray, Inc. Unit for piercing, and piercing device
KR100540849B1 (en) 2002-07-05 2006-01-10 주식회사 올메디쿠스 A device for analyzing quantitatively material of a living creature
GB0216039D0 (en) 2002-07-11 2002-08-21 Hypoguard Ltd Enzyme electrodes and method of manufacture
DE60324738D1 (en) 2002-07-18 2009-01-02 Panasonic Corp Measuring device with a biosensor
US6908591B2 (en) 2002-07-18 2005-06-21 Clearant, Inc. Methods for sterilizing biological materials by irradiation over a temperature gradient
JP4257943B2 (en) 2002-07-29 2009-04-30 アークレイ株式会社 Puncture unit and puncture member removal tool
EP1534121B1 (en) 2002-08-13 2014-01-22 University Of Virginia Patent Foundation Method, system, and computer program product for the processing of self-monitoring blood glucose(smbg)data to enhance diabetic self-management
BR0313593A (en) 2002-08-19 2005-07-12 Pfizer Prod Inc Combination therapy for hyperproliferative diseases
US7150975B2 (en) 2002-08-19 2006-12-19 Animas Technologies, Llc Hydrogel composition for measuring glucose flux
US6895264B2 (en) 2002-08-26 2005-05-17 Fovioptics Inc. Non-invasive psychophysical measurement of glucose using photodynamics
AU2002326190A1 (en) 2002-08-30 2004-03-19 Biochec Co., Ltd. Glucose extraction patch and its manufacturing process
US7010432B2 (en) 2002-08-30 2006-03-07 Lifescan, Inc. Method and system for determining the acceptability of signal data collected from a prothrombin time test strip
US20050177071A1 (en) 2002-09-05 2005-08-11 Hiroshi Nakayama Invasive appliance
US7245830B2 (en) 2002-09-18 2007-07-17 Alcatel-Lucent Method and apparatus for scheduling transmission of data bursts in an optical burst switching network
DE10244775A1 (en) 2002-09-26 2004-04-08 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Capillary sensor analysis system
US6939450B2 (en) 2002-10-08 2005-09-06 Abbott Laboratories Device having a flow channel
KR101226540B1 (en) 2002-10-11 2013-01-25 벡톤 디킨슨 앤드 컴퍼니 System and method for initiating and maintaining continuous, long-term control of a concentration of a substance in a patient using a feedback or model-based controller coupled to a single-needle or multi-needle intradermal (ID) delivery device
US7964390B2 (en) 2002-10-11 2011-06-21 Case Western Reserve University Sensor system
US7118916B2 (en) 2002-10-21 2006-10-10 Lifescan, Inc. Method of reducing analysis time of endpoint-type reaction profiles
KR100482285B1 (en) 2002-10-30 2005-04-14 한국전자통신연구원 Fluid-type multiple electrochemical system and the preparation thereof
DE60329012D1 (en) 2002-10-30 2009-10-08 Lifescan Scotland Ltd PRE-TREATMENT OF A SUBSTRATE IN A CONTINUOUS MANUFACTURING PROCESS FOR ELECTROCHEMICAL SENSORS
US8326388B2 (en) 2002-10-31 2012-12-04 Toshiba Medical Systems Corporation Method and apparatus for non-invasive measurement of living body characteristics by photoacoustics
JP4522364B2 (en) 2002-11-01 2010-08-11 ペリカン テクノロジーズ インコーポレイテッド Body fluid sampling device
US6931328B2 (en) 2002-11-08 2005-08-16 Optiscan Biomedical Corp. Analyte detection system with software download capabilities
DE10253154A1 (en) 2002-11-14 2004-05-27 Siemens Ag Biosensor, used to identify analyte in liquid sample, has test field with detector, where detector registers field changes as electrical signals for evaluation
EP1561421A4 (en) 2002-11-15 2010-01-20 Arkray Inc Lancet and needle insertion device
US20060184189A1 (en) 2002-11-15 2006-08-17 Lorin Olson Cap for a dermal tissue lancing device
US20050038329A1 (en) 2002-11-20 2005-02-17 Morris Carol Ann Methods and kits for assays of rapid screening of diabetes
US7731900B2 (en) 2002-11-26 2010-06-08 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Body fluid testing device
US7833170B2 (en) 2002-12-13 2010-11-16 Arkray, Inc. Needle-insertion device
AU2003297205A1 (en) 2002-12-13 2004-07-09 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for measuring analytes
US20050175509A1 (en) 2002-12-20 2005-08-11 Takahiro Nakaminami Biosensor
CN100487442C (en) 2002-12-20 2009-05-13 爱科来株式会社 Thin analyzing device
EP1479344A1 (en) 2003-05-22 2004-11-24 Roche Diagnostics GmbH Direct monitoring of interstitial fluid composition
US7582258B2 (en) 2002-12-23 2009-09-01 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Body fluid testing device
US7815579B2 (en) 2005-03-02 2010-10-19 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Dynamic integrated lancing test strip with sterility cover
US8574895B2 (en) 2002-12-30 2013-11-05 Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland Gmbh Method and apparatus using optical techniques to measure analyte levels
AU2003300136A1 (en) 2002-12-30 2004-07-29 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus using optical techniques to measure analyte levels
WO2004060174A2 (en) 2002-12-31 2004-07-22 Pelikan Technologies Inc. Method and apparatus for loading penetrating members
US20050154277A1 (en) 2002-12-31 2005-07-14 Jing Tang Apparatus and methods of using built-in micro-spectroscopy micro-biosensors and specimen collection system for a wireless capsule in a biological body in vivo
US6983177B2 (en) 2003-01-06 2006-01-03 Optiscan Biomedical Corporation Layered spectroscopic sample element with microporous membrane
US7120483B2 (en) 2003-01-13 2006-10-10 Isense Corporation Methods for analyte sensing and measurement
US7144485B2 (en) 2003-01-13 2006-12-05 Hmd Biomedical Inc. Strips for analyzing samples
DE10302501A1 (en) 2003-01-23 2004-08-05 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Device and method for absorbing a body fluid for analysis purposes
JP4405967B2 (en) 2003-01-27 2010-01-27 テルモ株式会社 Body fluid component analysis system
JP2006518646A (en) 2003-02-20 2006-08-17 マノア メディカル, インコーポレイテッド Bendable cutting device
US20050176133A1 (en) 2003-02-21 2005-08-11 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Measuring instrument for biosensor and measuring method using same
JP2006520251A (en) 2003-03-06 2006-09-07 ライフスキャン・インコーポレイテッド System and method for piercing skin tissue
US7640140B2 (en) 2003-03-07 2009-12-29 Sensys Medical, Inc. Method of processing noninvasive spectra
US20050159656A1 (en) 2003-03-07 2005-07-21 Hockersmith Linda J. Method and apparatus for presentation of noninvasive glucose concentration information
DE602004023920D1 (en) 2003-03-17 2009-12-17 Arkray Inc PUNCTURE DEVICE
US7052652B2 (en) 2003-03-24 2006-05-30 Rosedale Medical, Inc. Analyte concentration detection devices and methods
US6965791B1 (en) 2003-03-26 2005-11-15 Sorenson Medical, Inc. Implantable biosensor system, apparatus and method
US20050070819A1 (en) 2003-03-31 2005-03-31 Rosedale Medical, Inc. Body fluid sampling constructions and techniques
US20050177201A1 (en) 2003-03-31 2005-08-11 Freeman Gary A. Probe insertion pain reduction method and device
US7134999B2 (en) 2003-04-04 2006-11-14 Dexcom, Inc. Optimized sensor geometry for an implantable glucose sensor
DE10315544B4 (en) 2003-04-04 2007-02-15 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Method for producing a piercing and measuring device and device
US20050060194A1 (en) 2003-04-04 2005-03-17 Brown Stephen J. Method and system for monitoring health of an individual
EP1467206A1 (en) 2003-04-08 2004-10-13 Roche Diagnostics GmbH Biosensor system
US8114108B2 (en) 2003-04-11 2012-02-14 Arkray, Inc. Lancing apparatus
EP1618389A1 (en) 2003-04-15 2006-01-25 Optiscan Biomedical Corporation Sample element qualification
US20050038674A1 (en) 2003-04-15 2005-02-17 Braig James R. System and method for managing a chronic medical condition
WO2004091387A2 (en) 2003-04-15 2004-10-28 Optiscan Biomedical Corporation Dual measurement analyte detection system
WO2004091402A1 (en) 2003-04-16 2004-10-28 Arkray Inc. Puncture device
US20060184101A1 (en) 2003-04-21 2006-08-17 Ravi Srinivasan Microjet devices and methods for drug delivery
USD523555S1 (en) 2003-05-02 2006-06-20 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Lancing device user interface
AU2003902187A0 (en) 2003-05-08 2003-05-22 Aimedics Pty Ltd Patient monitor
CN2613234Y (en) 2003-05-12 2004-04-28 施国平 Self-destroyed disposable safety automatic blood sampling needle
JP4208879B2 (en) 2003-05-15 2009-01-14 パナソニック株式会社 Sensor
US7687586B2 (en) 2003-05-21 2010-03-30 Isense Corporation Biosensor membrane material
KR100502713B1 (en) 2003-05-29 2005-07-20 주식회사 헬스피아 Battery pack and system for self-diagnosis
EP1638454B1 (en) 2003-05-30 2016-06-22 Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH Apparatus for body fluid sampling and analyte sensing
US20040249254A1 (en) 2003-06-06 2004-12-09 Joel Racchini Devices, systems and methods for extracting bodily fluid and monitoring an analyte therein
WO2004110518A2 (en) 2003-06-06 2004-12-23 The Brigham And Women's Hospital, Inc. Rapid analgesia for skin puncture
DE10325699B3 (en) 2003-06-06 2005-02-10 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh System for analyzing a sample to be tested and using such a system
US20060241666A1 (en) 2003-06-11 2006-10-26 Briggs Barry D Method and apparatus for body fluid sampling and analyte sensing
WO2006001797A1 (en) 2004-06-14 2006-01-05 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Low pain penetrating
US20040267121A1 (en) 2003-06-12 2004-12-30 Sarvazyan Armen P. Device and method for biopsy guidance using a tactile breast imager
FI116524B (en) * 2003-06-13 2005-12-15 Photonium Oy Insulation of the heating element of the fiber drawing furnace
DE10326692B3 (en) 2003-06-13 2005-02-17 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Blood collection system, blood analyzer and method for taking blood
WO2004112200A1 (en) 2003-06-16 2004-12-23 Arkray Inc. Connector
DE10332488A1 (en) 2003-07-16 2005-02-24 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Analyzer and analysis method for body fluids
US7114312B2 (en) 2003-07-17 2006-10-03 Microchips, Inc. Low temperature methods for hermetically sealing reservoir devices
WO2005019795A2 (en) 2003-07-25 2005-03-03 Dexcom, Inc. Electrochemical sensors including electrode systems with increased oxygen generation
EP1649260A4 (en) 2003-07-25 2010-07-07 Dexcom Inc Electrode systems for electrochemical sensors
US7160313B2 (en) 2003-07-28 2007-01-09 Helena Laboratories Load-controlled device for a patterned skin incision
AU2004203280A1 (en) 2003-07-28 2005-02-17 Bayer Healthcare Llc Swing Lance with Integrated Sensor
US7452365B2 (en) 2003-07-28 2008-11-18 Helena Laboratories Load-controlled device for a patterned skin incision of constant depth
US6942769B2 (en) 2003-08-05 2005-09-13 Bt Medical Corp. Electrochemical sensor strip with low porosity screen
GB0318366D0 (en) 2003-08-06 2003-09-10 Owen Mumford Ltd Improvements relating to blood sampling devices
US20050036906A1 (en) 2003-08-11 2005-02-17 Toray Industries, Inc. Biosensor
EP1653849B1 (en) 2003-08-11 2010-10-06 Pelikan Technologies Inc. Method and apparatus for body fluid sampling with integrated analyte detecting member
US7529574B2 (en) 2003-08-14 2009-05-05 Isense Corporation Method of constructing a biosensor
US7105006B2 (en) 2003-08-15 2006-09-12 Stat Medical Devices, Inc. Adjustable lancet device and method
US7189341B2 (en) 2003-08-15 2007-03-13 Animas Technologies, Llc Electrochemical sensor ink compositions, electrodes, and uses thereof
US7905898B2 (en) 2003-08-15 2011-03-15 Stat Medical Devices, Inc. Adjustable lancet device and method
US6954662B2 (en) 2003-08-19 2005-10-11 A.D. Integrity Applications, Ltd. Method of monitoring glucose level
WO2005018710A2 (en) 2003-08-20 2005-03-03 Facet Technologies, Llc Blood sampling device
WO2005018454A2 (en) 2003-08-20 2005-03-03 Facet Technologies, Llc Multi-lancet device with sterility cap repositioning mechanism
EP1659961A4 (en) 2003-08-20 2009-06-03 Facet Technologies Llc Blood sampling device
US7655019B2 (en) 2003-08-20 2010-02-02 Facet Technologies, Llc Blood sampling device
US20060264996A1 (en) 2003-08-20 2006-11-23 Facet Technologies, Llc Lancing device with multi-lancet magazine
US8346482B2 (en) 2003-08-22 2013-01-01 Fernandez Dennis S Integrated biosensor and simulation system for diagnosis and therapy
GB0320283D0 (en) 2003-08-29 2003-10-01 Owen Mumford Ltd Improvements relating to lancets
US9133024B2 (en) 2003-09-03 2015-09-15 Brigitte Chau Phan Personal diagnostic devices including related methods and systems
EP1663024A4 (en) 2003-09-03 2009-12-02 Facet Technologies Llc Endcap for a fluid sampling device
US20050090754A1 (en) 2003-09-08 2005-04-28 Wolff Steven B. Body worn latchable wireless medical computing platform
WO2005034741A1 (en) 2003-09-18 2005-04-21 Facet Technologies, Llc Lancing device end cap with skin-engaging jaws
WO2005034721A2 (en) 2003-09-18 2005-04-21 Facet Technologies, Llc Lancing device end cap with blood-directing contact face
EP1670367A2 (en) 2003-09-18 2006-06-21 Facet Technologies, LLC Lancing device end cap with pressure-actuated surface features
EP1670372A4 (en) 2003-09-18 2010-03-24 Facet Technologies Llc Lancing device end cap with rocking-actuated surface features
WO2005034778A1 (en) 2003-09-18 2005-04-21 Facet Technologies, Llc Lancing device end cap with flexing contact elements
US7617932B2 (en) 2003-09-19 2009-11-17 Diabetes Diagnostics, Inc. Medical device package, kit and associated methods
US7524464B2 (en) 2003-09-26 2009-04-28 Ahn Chong H Smart disposable plastic lab-on-a-chip for point-of-care testing
KR100522157B1 (en) 2003-10-01 2005-10-18 차은종 Vacuum assisted auto-lancing device
JP4334969B2 (en) 2003-10-02 2009-09-30 パナソニック株式会社 Blood component analysis sensor
JP4458802B2 (en) 2003-10-02 2010-04-28 パナソニック株式会社 Method for measuring glucose in blood and sensor used therefor
WO2005034753A1 (en) 2003-10-15 2005-04-21 Surgilance Pte Ltd Lancet assembly
US20050096686A1 (en) 2003-10-31 2005-05-05 Allen John J. Lancing device with trigger mechanism for penetration depth control
EP1694200B1 (en) 2003-11-03 2010-09-29 MicroCHIPS, Inc. Medical device for sensing glucose
JP2005137416A (en) 2003-11-04 2005-06-02 Sysmex Corp Percutaneous analyte extraction system and percutaneous analyte analysis system
USD531725S1 (en) 2003-11-05 2006-11-07 Pelikan Technolgies, Inc. Lancing device
US7387714B2 (en) 2003-11-06 2008-06-17 3M Innovative Properties Company Electrochemical sensor strip
US7419573B2 (en) 2003-11-06 2008-09-02 3M Innovative Properties Company Circuit for electrochemical sensor strip
US20050100880A1 (en) 2003-11-12 2005-05-12 Yu-Hong Chang Biosensor test strips of multiple function for multiple uses
WO2005048834A1 (en) 2003-11-13 2005-06-02 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Long term analyte sensor array
US20050158356A1 (en) 2003-11-20 2005-07-21 Angiotech International Ag Implantable sensors and implantable pumps and anti-scarring agents
US20050114154A1 (en) 2003-11-24 2005-05-26 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Personnel monitoring and feedback system and method
US7787923B2 (en) 2003-11-26 2010-08-31 Becton, Dickinson And Company Fiber optic device for sensing analytes and method of making same
US20050143771A1 (en) 2003-12-02 2005-06-30 Stout Jeffrey T. Lancing device with combination depth and activation control
US20050181497A1 (en) 2003-12-04 2005-08-18 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Solid substrate used for sensors
KR20050055202A (en) 2003-12-05 2005-06-13 한국전자통신연구원 Micro reference electrode of implantable continuous biosensor using iridium oxide, manufacturing method thereof, and implantable continuous biosensor
US20050125019A1 (en) 2003-12-05 2005-06-09 Paul Kudrna Lancet device and method
US20050124869A1 (en) 2003-12-08 2005-06-09 John Hefti Non-invasive, in vivo substance measurement systems
US7655017B2 (en) 2003-12-11 2010-02-02 Carribean Medical Brokers, Inc. Lancet
US7763042B2 (en) 2003-12-16 2010-07-27 Panasonic Corporation Lancet for blood collection and puncture needle unit
US20050136550A1 (en) 2003-12-19 2005-06-23 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Flow control of electrochemical-based assay devices
US7943089B2 (en) 2003-12-19 2011-05-17 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Laminated assay devices
DE10360786B4 (en) 2003-12-23 2005-12-22 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Handheld analyzer
DE10361560A1 (en) 2003-12-23 2005-07-28 Paul Hartmann Ag Carrier with a plurality of lancing elements, lancing device and blood analyzer
DE10361261B4 (en) 2003-12-24 2006-02-09 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Handheld analyzer
US7501289B2 (en) 2003-12-25 2009-03-10 Fujifilm Corporation Biosensor
EP1706016A4 (en) 2003-12-31 2017-07-05 Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH Improved penetrating member control using auto-pre-tent
EP1706027A4 (en) 2003-12-31 2010-02-10 Pelikan Technologies Inc Method and apparatus for connecting conductive media
US8147426B2 (en) 2003-12-31 2012-04-03 Nipro Diagnostics, Inc. Integrated diagnostic test system
US8394328B2 (en) 2003-12-31 2013-03-12 Nipro Diagnostics, Inc. Test strip container with integrated meter having strip coding capability
US8394337B2 (en) 2003-12-31 2013-03-12 Nipro Diagnostics, Inc. Test strip container with integrated meter
US20050150763A1 (en) 2004-01-09 2005-07-14 Butters Colin W. Biosensor and method of manufacture
US20050159768A1 (en) 2004-01-15 2005-07-21 Home Diagnostics, Inc. Lancing device
US7150995B2 (en) 2004-01-16 2006-12-19 Metrika, Inc. Methods and systems for point of care bodily fluid analysis
DE102004002874A1 (en) 2004-01-20 2005-08-11 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Analyzer for analysis of blood samples
JP2005230521A (en) 2004-01-21 2005-09-02 Denso Corp Humor component detecting device and humor component detecting system
US20050165622A1 (en) 2004-01-26 2005-07-28 Neel Gary T. Medical diagnostic testing device with voice message capability
US20050178218A1 (en) 2004-01-28 2005-08-18 Jean Montagu Micro-volume blood sampling device
US20050171567A1 (en) 2004-01-29 2005-08-04 Dehart Damon H. Lancet and method of manufacturing the same
CN1764834A (en) 2004-02-04 2006-04-26 松下电器产业株式会社 Biosensor and biosensor measuring device and method
US7699964B2 (en) 2004-02-09 2010-04-20 Abbott Diabetes Care Inc. Membrane suitable for use in an analyte sensor, analyte sensor, and associated method
US8165651B2 (en) 2004-02-09 2012-04-24 Abbott Diabetes Care Inc. Analyte sensor, and associated system and method employing a catalytic agent
CA2555807A1 (en) 2004-02-12 2005-08-25 Biopeak Corporation Non-invasive method and apparatus for determining a physiological parameter
US7807043B2 (en) 2004-02-23 2010-10-05 Oakville Hong Kong Company Limited Microfluidic test device
US7086277B2 (en) 2004-02-23 2006-08-08 Abbott Laboratories Device having a flow channel containing a layer of wicking material
US7138041B2 (en) 2004-02-23 2006-11-21 General Life Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Electrochemical biosensor by screen printing and method of fabricating same
JP3590053B1 (en) 2004-02-24 2004-11-17 株式会社日立製作所 Blood glucose measurement device
US7622026B2 (en) 2004-03-02 2009-11-24 Panasonic Corporation Biosensor
US20050209625A1 (en) 2004-03-02 2005-09-22 Chan Frank A Method and apparatus for electrical stimulation to enhance lancing device performance
US7377903B2 (en) 2004-03-05 2008-05-27 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Split tip expression device
US7819822B2 (en) 2004-03-06 2010-10-26 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Body fluid sampling device
ZA200501961B (en) 2004-03-11 2005-09-19 Futumeds Sdn Bhd Lancet activating device.
WO2005089333A2 (en) 2004-03-15 2005-09-29 Oakville Hong Kong Company Limited Lancet device and method of use
US7201723B2 (en) 2004-03-25 2007-04-10 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Pulsating expression cap
US6990849B2 (en) 2004-03-26 2006-01-31 Lifescan, Inc. Microfluidic analytical system with position electrodes
US20050215923A1 (en) 2004-03-26 2005-09-29 Wiegel Christopher D Fingertip conforming fluid expression cap
US7516845B2 (en) 2004-03-31 2009-04-14 Inverness Medical Limited Medical device package with deformable projections
US20050228242A1 (en) 2004-04-08 2005-10-13 Tatsurou Kawamura Health management system
US20050234489A1 (en) 2004-04-16 2005-10-20 John Allen Method for lancing a dermal tissue target site
US20050234490A1 (en) 2004-04-16 2005-10-20 Allen John J Tiltable cap for a dermal tissue lancing device
US20050234491A1 (en) 2004-04-16 2005-10-20 Allen John J Method for lancing a dermal tissue target site employing a dermal tissue lancing device with a tiltable cap
US7378054B2 (en) 2004-04-16 2008-05-27 Savvipharm Inc Specimen collecting, processing and analytical assembly
US20050234486A1 (en) 2004-04-16 2005-10-20 Allen John J Apparatus for extracting bodily fluid
US8918900B2 (en) 2004-04-26 2014-12-23 Ivi Holdings Ltd. Smart card for passport, electronic passport, and method, system, and apparatus for authenticating person holding smart card or electronic passport
US7909776B2 (en) 2004-04-30 2011-03-22 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Lancets for bodily fluid sampling supplied on a tape
US9101302B2 (en) 2004-05-03 2015-08-11 Abbott Diabetes Care Inc. Analyte test device
US20050245846A1 (en) 2004-05-03 2005-11-03 Casey Don E Vibrating, magnetically guidable catheter with magnetic powder commingled with resin, extruded as an integral part the catheter
US9380975B2 (en) 2004-05-07 2016-07-05 Becton, Dickinson And Company Contact activated lancet device
EP1766371A4 (en) 2004-05-20 2008-07-02 Pelikan Technologies Inc Integrated glucose monitors and measurement of analytes via molecular oxygen modulation of dye fluorescence lifetime
US8828203B2 (en) 2004-05-20 2014-09-09 Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland Gmbh Printable hydrogels for biosensors
JP5215661B2 (en) 2004-05-21 2013-06-19 アガマトリックス インコーポレーテッド Electrochemical cell and method for making an electrochemical cell
EP1751530A2 (en) 2004-05-24 2007-02-14 Albatros Technologies GmbH & Co. KG Device and method for analyte measurement
US7964146B2 (en) 2004-05-30 2011-06-21 Agamatrix, Inc. Measuring device and methods for use therewith
US20050276133A1 (en) 2004-05-30 2005-12-15 Agamatrix, Inc. Measuring device and methods for use therewith
US7202550B2 (en) 2004-06-01 2007-04-10 Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Ltd. Integrated stress relief pattern and registration structure
US7118667B2 (en) 2004-06-02 2006-10-10 Jin Po Lee Biosensors having improved sample application and uses thereof
EP1768577B1 (en) 2004-06-03 2010-11-03 Pelikan Technologies Inc. Tissue interface on a fluid sampling device
WO2005120199A2 (en) 2004-06-03 2005-12-22 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Methods and apparatus for an integrated sample capture and analysis disposable
US7601299B2 (en) 2004-06-18 2009-10-13 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. System and method for coding information on a biosensor test strip
US7569126B2 (en) 2004-06-18 2009-08-04 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. System and method for quality assurance of a biosensor test strip
US7766845B2 (en) 2004-06-21 2010-08-03 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Disposable lancet and lancing cap combination for increased hygiene
US7623988B2 (en) 2004-06-23 2009-11-24 Cybiocare Inc. Method and apparatus for the monitoring of clinical states
US8257380B2 (en) 2004-06-29 2012-09-04 Stat Medical Devices, Inc. Adjustabable disposable/single-use lancet device and method
US7051495B2 (en) 2004-06-29 2006-05-30 Lifescan Scotland Limited Method of packaging integrated biosensors
US20060006574A1 (en) 2004-06-29 2006-01-12 Lang David K Apparatus for the manufacture of medical devices
US20050284757A1 (en) 2004-06-29 2005-12-29 Allen John J Analyte measuring system which prevents the reuse of a test strip
US20060000549A1 (en) 2004-06-29 2006-01-05 Lang David K Method of manufacturing integrated biosensors
JP2008504881A (en) 2004-07-01 2008-02-21 ヴィヴォメディカル, インコーポレイテッド Noninvasive glucose measurement
DE102004050035A1 (en) 2004-07-09 2006-01-26 Ex-Cell-O Gmbh Machine tool and method for tool change on a machine tool
JP4790713B2 (en) 2004-07-15 2011-10-12 ボストン サイエンティフィック リミテッド Device for performing preoperative treatment on a biological duct
AU2005278202A1 (en) 2004-07-22 2006-03-02 Chih-Kung Lee Method and apparatus for electrochemical detection
US7727166B2 (en) 2004-07-26 2010-06-01 Nova Biomedical Corporation Lancet, lancet assembly and lancet-sensor combination
US20060030788A1 (en) 2004-08-04 2006-02-09 Daniel Wong Apparatus and method for extracting bodily fluid utilizing a flat lancet
JP4817692B2 (en) 2004-08-04 2011-11-16 シスメックス株式会社 Analysis equipment
CN1587347A (en) 2004-08-05 2005-03-02 复旦大学 Electrochemical luminous composite material capable of resisting biological pollution and its preparing method and use
US7695676B2 (en) 2004-08-11 2010-04-13 Hans Kloepfer Methods and apparatus for analyzing an analysis fluid
US7998666B2 (en) 2004-08-13 2011-08-16 Egomedical Technologies Ag Analyte test system for determining the concentration of an analyte in a physiological or aqueous fluid
US8137618B2 (en) 2004-08-18 2012-03-20 Abbott Laboratories Blood glucose monitoring kit
ATE383818T1 (en) 2004-09-02 2008-02-15 Nipro Corp LANCET WITH NEEDLE PROTECTION
US7645241B2 (en) 2004-09-09 2010-01-12 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Device for sampling bodily fluids
US7604604B2 (en) 2004-09-09 2009-10-20 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Device for sampling bodily fluids
WO2006027702A2 (en) 2004-09-09 2006-03-16 Albatros Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg Analyte detecting member with a 3d hydrogel
WO2006031920A2 (en) 2004-09-15 2006-03-23 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Methods and apparatus for an improved sample capture and analysis device
US8211038B2 (en) 2004-09-17 2012-07-03 Abbott Diabetes Care Inc. Multiple-biosensor article
DE102004045804B4 (en) 2004-09-22 2006-07-27 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Hand-held device for removing blood or other body fluids
US7488298B2 (en) 2004-10-08 2009-02-10 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Integrated lancing test strip with capillary transfer sheet
TWI279222B (en) 2004-10-12 2007-04-21 Tyson Biores Inc Multifunctional portable medical inspection device and method for display
US7775990B2 (en) 2004-10-27 2010-08-17 Abbott Laboratories Blood expression device
US8224414B2 (en) 2004-10-28 2012-07-17 Echo Therapeutics, Inc. System and method for analyte sampling and analysis with hydrogel
US20060100656A1 (en) 2004-10-28 2006-05-11 Olson Lorin P Compact lancing device
US20060100655A1 (en) 2004-10-28 2006-05-11 Koon-Wah Leong Combined lancing and auxiliary device
WO2006050972A1 (en) 2004-11-12 2006-05-18 Diagnoswiss S.A. Microfluidic device with minimised ohmic resistance
DE602005025399D1 (en) 2004-11-22 2011-01-27 Nipro Diagnostics Inc BIOSENSORS WITH RUTHENIUM-CONTAINING MEDIATORS AND METHODS FOR USE THEREOF
US8374682B2 (en) 2005-04-04 2013-02-12 Hypermed Imaging, Inc. Hyperspectral imaging in diabetes and peripheral vascular disease
US8066728B2 (en) 2004-11-30 2011-11-29 Stat Medical Devices, Inc. Disposable or single-use lancet device and method
US20060121547A1 (en) 2004-12-03 2006-06-08 Mcintire Mark Diffusion layer for an enzyme-based sensor application
US20060122099A1 (en) 2004-12-08 2006-06-08 Aoki Thomas T Method for infusing insulin to a subject to improve impaired total body tissue glucose processing
DE102004059491B4 (en) 2004-12-10 2008-11-06 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Lancet device for creating a puncture wound and lancet drive assembly
US20060140457A1 (en) 2004-12-28 2006-06-29 Elvin Simshauser Finger test site block
US7418285B2 (en) 2004-12-29 2008-08-26 Abbott Laboratories Analyte test sensor and method of manufacturing the same
US20090054811A1 (en) 2004-12-30 2009-02-26 Dirk Boecker Method and apparatus for analyte measurement test time
US20060167382A1 (en) 2004-12-30 2006-07-27 Ajay Deshmukh Method and apparatus for storing an analyte sampling and measurement device
KR100667339B1 (en) 2005-01-11 2007-01-12 삼성전자주식회사 Biosensor and biosensor system
US7081188B1 (en) 2005-01-13 2006-07-25 Biomedix Taiwan Electric-current biosensor
US8934955B2 (en) 2005-01-18 2015-01-13 Stat Medical Devices, Inc. Cartridge with lancets and test strips and testing device using the cartridge
US7524671B2 (en) 2005-01-27 2009-04-28 Prescient Medical, Inc. Handheld raman blood analyzer
US9289161B2 (en) 2005-01-28 2016-03-22 Stat Medical Divices, Inc. Multi-lancet unit, method and lancet device using the multi-lancet unit, and method of assembling and/or making the multi-lancet unit
US20060178686A1 (en) 2005-02-07 2006-08-10 Steven Schraga Single use lancet device
US7695442B2 (en) 2005-04-12 2010-04-13 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Integrated lancing test strip with retractable lancet
WO2006105146A2 (en) 2005-03-29 2006-10-05 Arkal Medical, Inc. Devices, systems, methods and tools for continuous glucose monitoring
US8145431B2 (en) 2005-04-01 2012-03-27 Advanced Medical Products Gmbh Body fluid testing component for simultaneous analyte detection
EP1868502B1 (en) 2005-04-04 2010-07-07 Facet Technologies, LLC Narrow-profile lancing device
WO2006110572A2 (en) 2005-04-07 2006-10-19 Becton, Dickinson And Company Finger activated lancet device
AU2006235250B2 (en) 2005-04-07 2011-11-10 Becton, Dickinson And Company Trigger activated lancet
EP1865849B1 (en) 2005-04-07 2016-12-14 Becton, Dickinson and Company Push activation lancet device
US20060234369A1 (en) 2005-04-14 2006-10-19 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Implantable biosensor
US7547382B2 (en) 2005-04-15 2009-06-16 Agamatrix, Inc. Determination of partial fill in electrochemical strips
EP1714613A1 (en) 2005-04-22 2006-10-25 F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ag Analyzing means
ATE484238T1 (en) 2005-04-28 2010-10-15 Bayer Healthcare Llc PERMANENT MAGNET LANCET DEVICE
US20060247671A1 (en) 2005-05-02 2006-11-02 Levaughn Richard W Compact, multi-use micro-sampling device
US20060247670A1 (en) 2005-05-02 2006-11-02 Levaughn Richard W Lancing device with automatic lancet release
US7698105B2 (en) 2005-05-23 2010-04-13 Sensys Medical, Inc. Method and apparatus for improving performance of noninvasive analyte property estimation
EP1726950A1 (en) 2005-05-24 2006-11-29 F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ag Cartridge for storing test elements
US8211036B2 (en) 2005-05-27 2012-07-03 Stat Medical Devices, Inc. Disposable lancet device cap with integral lancet and/or test strip and testing device utilizing the cap
DE502005006138D1 (en) 2005-06-04 2009-01-15 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Handheld analyzer with acoustic output of measurement results
US7516847B2 (en) 2005-06-14 2009-04-14 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Biocidal blood glucose strip and lancet or sharps disposal device
EP1733677A1 (en) 2005-06-18 2006-12-20 Roche Diagnostics GmbH Blood glucose measurement apparatus with signalling device
US20060293577A1 (en) 2005-06-23 2006-12-28 Morrison Andrew E Glucose monitoring kit
EP1743577A1 (en) 2005-06-23 2007-01-17 Roche Diagnostics GmbH Hand-held apparatus for the analysis of bodily fluids
US20070004989A1 (en) 2005-06-29 2007-01-04 Parvinder Dhillon Device for transdermal sampling
US20070010841A1 (en) 2005-07-05 2007-01-11 Medical Innovations Pte Ltd Lancet assembly
US20070191736A1 (en) 2005-10-04 2007-08-16 Don Alden Method for loading penetrating members in a collection device
EP1785090A1 (en) 2005-11-10 2007-05-16 F.Hoffmann-La Roche Ag Lancet device and system for skin detection
WO2007070719A2 (en) 2005-12-14 2007-06-21 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Tissue penetration device
EP1996914B1 (en) 2006-03-10 2016-04-27 Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH Method for loading penetrating members in a collection device during manufacture
US20070276211A1 (en) 2006-05-26 2007-11-29 Jose Mir Compact minimally invasive biomedical monitor
EP2077757A4 (en) 2006-10-13 2010-02-17 Noble House Group Pty Ltd Means for sampling animal blood
WO2008157610A1 (en) 2007-06-19 2008-12-24 Stat Medical Devices, Inc. Lancet device with depth adjustment and lancet removal system and method
GB0715798D0 (en) 2007-08-14 2007-09-19 Owen Mumford Ltd Lancing devices
EP2050392B1 (en) 2007-10-15 2012-09-05 Roche Diagnostics GmbH Lancet wheel
TW200922256A (en) 2007-11-06 2009-05-16 Nat Univ Tsing Hua Method for reconfiguring security mechanism of a wireless network and the mobile node and network node thereof
US8828038B2 (en) 2008-06-05 2014-09-09 Bayer Healthcare Llc Lancing device
US8568434B2 (en) 2008-10-14 2013-10-29 Bionime Corporation Lancing device
US8485991B2 (en) 2010-01-19 2013-07-16 Christopher A. Jacobs Vacuum assisted lancing system with system and method for blood extraction and masking pain

Patent Citations (2284)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2061A (en) 1841-04-24 Spring-lancet
US55620A (en) 1866-06-19 Improvement in spring-lancets
US1135465A (en) 1914-07-01 1915-04-13 William M Pollock Lancet.
GB233936A (en) 1924-07-30 1925-05-21 Carl Steffen Senior Improvements in process and apparatus for precipitating calcium saccharate from liquids containing sugar and separating excess lime therefrom
US1733847A (en) 1927-03-11 1929-10-29 Variety Fire Door Company Door-latch retainer
US2258857A (en) 1939-01-09 1941-10-14 George C Mccann Mechanical distraction method and device
US2628319A (en) 1952-05-29 1953-02-10 Vang Alfred Electric hammer
US2747138A (en) 1952-10-24 1956-05-22 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Broad band amplifier devices
US2714890A (en) 1953-08-06 1955-08-09 Vang Alfred Vibratory surgical instruments
US2801633A (en) 1954-02-17 1957-08-06 Joseph C Ehrlich Lancets
US2763935A (en) 1954-06-11 1956-09-25 Purdne Res Foundation Determining depth of layers of fat and of muscle on an animal body
US2880876A (en) * 1954-10-02 1959-04-07 Melotte Ecremeuses Apparatus for separating a liquid from an overlying layer of foam
US3086288A (en) 1955-04-20 1963-04-23 Cavitron Ultrasonics Inc Ultrasonically vibrated cutting knives
US3046987A (en) 1957-06-05 1962-07-31 Joseph C Ehrlich Disposable lancet
US3030959A (en) 1959-09-04 1962-04-24 Praemeta Surgical lancet for blood sampling
US3063451A (en) 1959-09-28 1962-11-13 Arthur J Kowalk Self-venting type needle
US3090384A (en) 1960-04-15 1963-05-21 Mfg Process Lab Inc Needle
US3208452A (en) 1960-09-08 1965-09-28 Panray Parlam Corp Surface treating device
US3358689A (en) 1964-06-09 1967-12-19 Roehr Products Company Inc Integral lancet and package
US3412729A (en) 1965-08-30 1968-11-26 Nasa Usa Method and apparatus for continuously monitoring blood oxygenation, blood pressure, pulse rate and the pressure pulse curve utilizing an ear oximeter as transducer
US3424154A (en) 1965-11-08 1969-01-28 Charles W Kinsley Injection system
US3448307A (en) 1966-09-06 1969-06-03 Edwards Co Bell striker reciprocating motor
US3607097A (en) 1967-08-09 1971-09-21 Philips Corp Analyzer for liquid samples
US3494358A (en) 1967-12-18 1970-02-10 Verne Fehlis Self-triggered veterinary inoculating device
US3626929A (en) 1968-07-26 1971-12-14 Micromedic Systems Inc Apparatus for obtaining a percutaneous and digital blood sample
US3628026A (en) 1969-09-05 1971-12-14 Dynamics Res Corp Linear encoder immune to scale bending error
US3665672A (en) 1970-01-05 1972-05-30 Propper Mfg Co Inc Method and apparatus for manufacturing and packing lancets
US3620209A (en) 1970-05-08 1971-11-16 Harvey Kravitz Device for reducing the pain of injections of medicines and other biologicals
US3712293A (en) 1970-07-27 1973-01-23 Mielke C Apparatus and method for measuring hemostatic properties of platelets
US3734812A (en) 1970-08-25 1973-05-22 Polymer Processing Res Inst Laminate product of crossed stretched tapes having perforations for air permeation and method for preparing the same
US3673475A (en) 1970-09-15 1972-06-27 Fred M Hufnagel Pulse drive circuit for coils of dental impact tools and the like
DE2206674A1 (en) 1971-02-12 1972-08-31 The Norwich Pharmacal Co., Norwich, N.Y. (V.StA.) 3,4-Dihydrobenzo square bracket to square bracket to square bracket to 1,7 square bracket to naphthyridin-2 (2H) -one
US3712292A (en) 1971-07-20 1973-01-23 Karen Lafley V Method and apparatus for producing swept frequency-modulated audio signal patterns for inducing sleep
US3780960A (en) 1971-10-06 1973-12-25 Rengo Co Ltd Web splicing apparatus
US3742954A (en) 1972-02-22 1973-07-03 F Strickland Snake bite kit
US3832776A (en) 1972-11-24 1974-09-03 H Sawyer Electronically powered knife
US3971365A (en) 1973-02-12 1976-07-27 Beckman Instruments, Inc. Bioelectrical impedance measuring system
US3924818A (en) 1973-02-20 1975-12-09 Skf Kugellagerfabriken Gmbh Thread storage device
US3853010A (en) 1973-03-05 1974-12-10 Varian Associates Sample container support with coding means
US3851543A (en) 1973-05-10 1974-12-03 Gen Motors Corp Adjustable steering column
US3836148A (en) 1974-01-11 1974-09-17 V Manning Rotatable dart board, magnetic darts and magnetic scoring switches
US3953172A (en) 1974-05-10 1976-04-27 Union Carbide Corporation Method and apparatus for assaying liquid materials
US3938526A (en) 1974-05-20 1976-02-17 Anderson Weston A Electrical acupuncture needle heater
US4240439A (en) 1975-04-30 1980-12-23 Hokkaido University Method of obtaining information of a specified or target area of a living body near its skin surface by the application of a nuclear magnetic resonance phenomenon
US4109655A (en) 1975-10-16 1978-08-29 Manufacture Francaise d'Armes et Cycles de Saint-Etienne Manufrance Multi-penetration vaccination apparatus
US4139011A (en) 1975-12-19 1979-02-13 Benoit Jean L P M Device for driving a needle into a patient
US4191193A (en) 1976-02-29 1980-03-04 Mitsubishi Petrochemical Co. Ltd. Catheter head-type transducer
US4057394A (en) 1976-05-24 1977-11-08 Miles Laboratories, Inc. Test device and method for determining blood hemoglobin
US4077406A (en) 1976-06-24 1978-03-07 American Cyanamid Company Pellet implanter for animal treatment
US4154228A (en) 1976-08-06 1979-05-15 California Institute Of Technology Apparatus and method of inserting a microelectrode in body tissue or the like using vibration means
US4203446A (en) 1976-09-24 1980-05-20 Hellige Gmbh Precision spring lancet
US4168130A (en) 1977-04-22 1979-09-18 Dr. Barth Kg Apparatus for placing paving elements
US4230118A (en) 1977-08-05 1980-10-28 Holman Rury R Automatic lancet
US4184486A (en) 1977-08-11 1980-01-22 Radelkis Elektrokemiai Muszergyarto Szovetkezet Diagnostic method and sensor device for detecting lesions in body tissues
GB1558111A (en) 1977-08-19 1979-12-19 Radelkis Electrokemiai Method and sensor device for detecting the location and orcharacter of a lesion in body tissure
US4224125A (en) 1977-09-28 1980-09-23 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Enzyme electrode
US4193690A (en) 1977-10-19 1980-03-18 University Of Southern California Heterodyne detection of coherent Raman signals
US4224949A (en) 1977-11-17 1980-09-30 Cornell Research Foundation, Inc. Method and electrical resistance probe for detection of estrus in bovine
US4259653A (en) 1977-11-22 1981-03-31 Magnetic Laboratories, Inc. Electromagnetic reciprocating linear actuator with permanent magnet armature
US4190420A (en) 1978-06-05 1980-02-26 Eastman Kodak Company Container for dispensing articles to an automated analyzer
US4207870A (en) 1978-06-15 1980-06-17 Becton, Dickinson And Company Blood sampling assembly having porous vent means vein entry indicator
US4223674A (en) 1978-06-29 1980-09-23 Arthur J. McIntosh Implant gun
US4392933A (en) 1978-10-31 1983-07-12 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Electrochemical measuring apparatus comprising enzyme electrode
US4258001A (en) 1978-12-27 1981-03-24 Eastman Kodak Company Element, structure and method for the analysis or transport of liquids
US4353984A (en) 1978-12-31 1982-10-12 Kabushiki Kaisha Kyoto Daiichi Kagaku Composition and test piece for measuring glucose concentration in body fluids
US4321397A (en) 1979-01-31 1982-03-23 Millipore Corporation 4-Aminoantipyrine dye for the analytic determination of hydrogen peroxide
US4299230A (en) 1979-05-09 1981-11-10 Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. Stabbing apparatus for diagnosis of living body
US4356826A (en) 1979-05-09 1982-11-02 Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. Stabbing apparatus for diagnosis of living body
US4254083A (en) 1979-07-23 1981-03-03 Eastman Kodak Company Structural configuration for transport of a liquid drop through an ingress aperture
US4397556A (en) 1979-09-05 1983-08-09 Carl Zeiss-Stiftung Material-testing method and apparatus
US4301412A (en) 1979-10-29 1981-11-17 United States Surgical Corporation Liquid conductivity measuring system and sample cards therefor
US4350762A (en) 1980-02-04 1982-09-21 Elvi S.P.A. Aminopyrine improved Trinder's reagent and dosing process for hydrogen peroxide from enzymatic oxidation of metabolic substrata with the same
US4394512A (en) 1980-02-05 1983-07-19 Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh 1-(Substituted phenyl) aminoantipyrin compounds
US4442836A (en) 1980-03-22 1984-04-17 Clinicon Mannheim Gmbh Blood lancet device
US4712548A (en) 1980-04-23 1987-12-15 Enstroem Hans Blood lancing device
US4676244A (en) 1980-04-23 1987-06-30 Enstroem Hans Medical lancet
US4360016A (en) 1980-07-01 1982-11-23 Transidyne General Corp. Blood collecting device
US4411266A (en) 1980-09-24 1983-10-25 Cosman Eric R Thermocouple radio frequency lesion electrode
US4407008A (en) 1980-10-08 1983-09-27 Carl Zeiss-Stiftung Method and apparatus for light-induced scanning-microscope display of specimen parameters and of their distribution
US4426451A (en) 1981-01-28 1984-01-17 Eastman Kodak Company Multi-zoned reaction vessel having pressure-actuatable control means between zones
US4391905A (en) 1981-02-12 1983-07-05 Miles Laboratories, Inc. System for the determination of glucose in fluids
US4340669A (en) 1981-02-12 1982-07-20 Miles Laboratories, Inc. System for the determination of glucose in fluids
US4391906A (en) 1981-02-12 1983-07-05 Miles Laboratories, Inc. System for the determination of glucose in fluids
US4537197A (en) 1981-03-06 1985-08-27 Hulka Jaroslav F Disposable fetal oxygen monitor
US4553541A (en) 1981-03-23 1985-11-19 Becton, Dickinson And Co. Automatic retractable lancet assembly
US4535769A (en) 1981-03-23 1985-08-20 Becton, Dickinson And Company Automatic retractable lancet assembly
US4418037A (en) 1981-04-17 1983-11-29 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Color indicator composition and film for detecting hydrogen peroxide
US4414975A (en) 1981-05-15 1983-11-15 Ryder International Corp. Blood lancet
US4469110A (en) 1981-06-25 1984-09-04 Slama Gerard J Device for causing a pinprick to obtain and to test a drop of blood
US4580565A (en) 1981-06-29 1986-04-08 Sherwood Medical Company Lancet injector
US4440301A (en) 1981-07-16 1984-04-03 American Hospital Supply Corporation Self-stacking reagent slide
US4388922A (en) 1981-07-29 1983-06-21 Becton, Dickinson And Company Suction canister system for serial collection of fluids
US4442972A (en) 1981-09-14 1984-04-17 Texas Instruments Incorporated Electrically controlled programmable digital thermostat and method for regulating the operation of multistage heating and cooling systems
US4545382A (en) 1981-10-23 1985-10-08 Genetics International, Inc. Sensor for components of a liquid mixture
US4449529A (en) 1981-11-18 1984-05-22 Becton Dickinson And Company Automatic retractable lancet assembly
US4426884A (en) 1982-02-01 1984-01-24 The Langer Biomechanics Group, Inc. Flexible force sensor
US4619754A (en) 1982-03-09 1986-10-28 Ajinomoto Company Incorporated Chemically modified electrodes and their uses
US4535773A (en) 1982-03-26 1985-08-20 Inbae Yoon Safety puncturing instrument and method
US4425039A (en) 1982-05-07 1984-01-10 Industrial Holographics, Inc. Apparatus for the practice of double exposure interferometric non-destructive testing
US4523994A (en) 1982-06-30 1985-06-18 Shimadzu Corporation Bis-crown-ether derivatives and their use
US4586819A (en) 1982-07-09 1986-05-06 Hitachi, Ltd. Laser Raman microprobe
US4682892A (en) 1982-08-13 1987-07-28 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Method and apparatus for speckle-shearing interferometric deformation analysis
US4462405A (en) 1982-09-27 1984-07-31 Ehrlich Joseph C Blood letting apparatus
US4595479A (en) 1982-11-09 1986-06-17 Ajinomoto Co., Inc. Modified electrode
US4702594A (en) 1982-11-15 1987-10-27 Industrial Holographics, Inc. Double exposure interferometric analysis of structures and employing ambient pressure stressing
EP0112498A2 (en) 1982-11-30 1984-07-04 Asea Ab Apparatus for automatically cleaning windows
US4517978A (en) 1983-01-13 1985-05-21 Levin Paul D Blood sampling instrument
USRE32922E (en) 1983-01-13 1989-05-16 Paul D. Levin Blood sampling instrument
US4490139A (en) 1983-01-28 1984-12-25 Eli Lilly And Company Implant needle and method
US4845392A (en) 1983-03-10 1989-07-04 Eaton Corporation Hybrid linear actuator
EP0136362B1 (en) 1983-03-11 1990-12-19 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor
US5682884A (en) 1983-05-05 1997-11-04 Medisense, Inc. Strip electrode with screen printing
US5820551A (en) 1983-05-05 1998-10-13 Hill; Hugh Allen Oliver Strip electrode with screen printing
EP0351891B1 (en) 1983-05-05 1993-09-29 MediSense, Inc. Printed electrodes
US5727548A (en) 1983-05-05 1998-03-17 Medisense, Inc. Strip electrode with screen printing
US4711245A (en) * 1983-05-05 1987-12-08 Genetics International, Inc. Sensor for components of a liquid mixture
US4561445A (en) 1983-05-25 1985-12-31 Joseph J. Berke Elongated needle electrode and method of making same
US5509410A (en) 1983-06-06 1996-04-23 Medisense, Inc. Strip electrode including screen printing of a single layer
US4580564A (en) 1983-06-07 1986-04-08 Andersen Michael A Finger pricking device
US4518384A (en) 1983-06-17 1985-05-21 Survival Technology, Inc. Multiple medicament cartridge clip and medicament discharging device therefor
US4539988A (en) 1983-07-05 1985-09-10 Packaging Corporation International Disposable automatic lancet
US4900666A (en) 1983-07-12 1990-02-13 Lifescan, Inc. Colorimetric ethanol analysis method and test device
US4734360A (en) 1983-07-12 1988-03-29 Lifescan, Inc. Colorimetric ethanol analysis method and test device
US4938218A (en) 1983-08-30 1990-07-03 Nellcor Incorporated Perinatal pulse oximetry sensor
US4661768A (en) 1983-09-14 1987-04-28 Johnson Service Company Capacitance transducing method and apparatus
US4977910A (en) 1983-09-19 1990-12-18 Shikawajima-Harima Jukogyo Kabushi Kaisha Cleaning method for apparatus
US4678277A (en) 1983-09-30 1987-07-07 Michel Delhaye Method of discrimination in spectrometry
FR2555432A1 (en) 1983-11-25 1985-05-31 Franceschi Claude Method for puncturing blood vessels combining a needle propeller with a Doppler ultrasonograph which guides it
US4840893A (en) 1983-12-16 1989-06-20 Medisense, Inc. Electrochemical assay for nucleic acids and nucleic acid probes
US5077199A (en) 1984-01-27 1991-12-31 A. Menarini S.A.S. Ready to use liquid reagent for determining the glucose content in blood
US4600014A (en) 1984-02-10 1986-07-15 Dan Beraha Transrectal prostate biopsy device and method
US4577630A (en) 1984-02-14 1986-03-25 Becton, Dickinson And Co. Reusable breach loading target pressure activated lancet firing device
US4824639A (en) 1984-02-29 1989-04-25 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Test device and a method for the detection of a component of a liquid sample
US4586926A (en) 1984-03-05 1986-05-06 Cook, Incorporated Percutaneous entry needle
US4622974A (en) 1984-03-07 1986-11-18 University Of Tennessee Research Corporation Apparatus and method for in-vivo measurements of chemical concentrations
EP0160768B1 (en) 1984-05-04 1989-05-03 Kurabo Industries Ltd. Spectrophotometric apparatus for the non-invasive determination of glucose in body tissues
US4648408A (en) 1984-05-11 1987-03-10 Medscan B.V. Blood sampling unit
US5141868A (en) 1984-06-13 1992-08-25 Internationale Octrooi Maatschappij "Octropa" Bv Device for use in chemical test procedures
EP0170375B1 (en) 1984-06-13 1990-05-16 Unilever Plc Devices for use in chemical test procedures
US4737458A (en) 1984-06-19 1988-04-12 Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh Aminopyrazolinones, reagent containing them and the use thereof in the enzymatic determinaton of hydrogen peroxide
US4945045A (en) 1984-07-06 1990-07-31 Serono Diagnostics Ltd. Electrochemical methods of assay
US4820399A (en) 1984-08-31 1989-04-11 Shimadzu Corporation Enzyme electrodes
US4603209A (en) 1984-09-07 1986-07-29 The Regents Of The University Of California Fluorescent indicator dyes for calcium ions
US4616649A (en) 1984-09-20 1986-10-14 Becton, Dickinson And Company Lancet
US4677979A (en) 1984-09-20 1987-07-07 Becton, Dickinson And Company Lancet
US4653511A (en) 1984-10-05 1987-03-31 Goch Thomas A Microsample blood collecting device
US4948727A (en) 1984-10-12 1990-08-14 Medisense, Inc. Chemical sensor
DE3538313A1 (en) 1984-10-29 1986-04-30 Junkosha Co. Ltd., Tokio/Tokyo Cleaning device for oil leakage sensors
GB2168815A (en) 1984-11-13 1986-06-25 Genetics Int Inc Bioelectrochemical assay electrode
US5094943A (en) 1984-12-20 1992-03-10 Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh Process and reagent for the improved quantitative colorimetic determination of hydrogen peroxide
US4624253A (en) 1985-01-18 1986-11-25 Becton, Dickinson And Company Lancet
US4608997A (en) 1985-01-25 1986-09-02 Becton, Dickinson And Company Blood collection assembly
US4643189A (en) 1985-02-19 1987-02-17 W. T. Associates Apparatus for implementing a standardized skin incision
US4615340A (en) 1985-02-27 1986-10-07 Becton, Dickinson And Company Sensor assembly suitable for blood gas analysis and the like and the method of use
US4836904A (en) 1985-03-28 1989-06-06 Medisense, Inc. Graphite electrode with modified surface
US4627445A (en) 1985-04-08 1986-12-09 Garid, Inc. Glucose medical monitoring system
US4787398A (en) 1985-04-08 1988-11-29 Garid, Inc. Glucose medical monitoring system
US4637403A (en) 1985-04-08 1987-01-20 Garid, Inc. Glucose medical monitoring system
US5279294A (en) 1985-04-08 1994-01-18 Cascade Medical, Inc. Medical diagnostic system
EP0199484A2 (en) 1985-04-08 1986-10-29 Audio Bionics Inc Medical system
US4655225A (en) 1985-04-18 1987-04-07 Kurabo Industries Ltd. Spectrophotometric method and apparatus for the non-invasive
US5185256A (en) 1985-06-21 1993-02-09 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Method for making a biosensor
US4897173A (en) 1985-06-21 1990-01-30 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor and method for making the same
US4666438A (en) 1985-07-02 1987-05-19 Raulerson J Daniel Needle for membrane penetration
US4756884A (en) 1985-08-05 1988-07-12 Biotrack, Inc. Capillary flow device
US4963498A (en) 1985-08-05 1990-10-16 Biotrack Capillary flow device
US5140161A (en) 1985-08-05 1992-08-18 Biotrack Capillary flow device
US4948961A (en) 1985-08-05 1990-08-14 Biotrack, Inc. Capillary flow device
US5164598A (en) 1985-08-05 1992-11-17 Biotrack Capillary flow device
US5004923A (en) 1985-08-05 1991-04-02 Biotrack, Inc. Capillary flow device
US5144139A (en) 1985-08-05 1992-09-01 Biotrack, Inc. Capillary flow device
US5300779A (en) 1985-08-05 1994-04-05 Biotrack, Inc. Capillary flow device
US4653513A (en) 1985-08-09 1987-03-31 Dombrowski Mitchell P Blood sampler
US4750489A (en) 1985-08-29 1988-06-14 Coopervision, Inc. Radial keratotomy knife and system using same
US4648714A (en) 1985-09-11 1987-03-10 University Of Utah Molecular gas analysis by Raman scattering in intracavity laser configuration
US4818493A (en) 1985-10-31 1989-04-04 Bio/Data Corporation Apparatus for receiving a test specimen and reagent
US4966671A (en) 1985-10-31 1990-10-30 Unilever Patent Holdings Method and apparatus for electrochemical analysis
US4830959A (en) 1985-11-11 1989-05-16 Medisense, Inc. Electrochemical enzymic assay procedures
US4712460A (en) 1985-11-18 1987-12-15 Biotrack, Inc. Integrated drug dosage form and metering system
US4797283A (en) 1985-11-18 1989-01-10 Biotrack, Incorporated Integrated drug dosage form and metering system
US4823806A (en) 1985-11-18 1989-04-25 Serge Bajada Apparatus for testing the sensory system on humans or animals
US4714462A (en) 1986-02-03 1987-12-22 Intermedics Infusaid, Inc. Positive pressure programmable infusion pump
US4882013A (en) 1986-02-27 1989-11-21 Cranfield Institute Of Technology Application of tetrathiafulvalenes in bioelectrochemical processes
US4827763A (en) 1986-04-11 1989-05-09 Purdue Research Foundation Pressure mapping system with capacitive measuring pad
US5010772A (en) 1986-04-11 1991-04-30 Purdue Research Foundation Pressure mapping system with capacitive measuring pad
US4757022A (en) 1986-04-15 1988-07-12 Markwell Medical Institute, Inc. Biological fluid measuring device
US4731726A (en) 1986-05-19 1988-03-15 Healthware Corporation Patient-operated glucose monitor and diabetes management system
US4814661A (en) 1986-05-23 1989-03-21 Washington State University Research Foundation, Inc. Systems for measurement and analysis of forces exerted during human locomotion
US4911794A (en) 1986-06-20 1990-03-27 Molecular Devices Corporation Measuring with zero volume cell
US4857274A (en) 1986-06-26 1989-08-15 Kis Photo Industrie Device for analyzing a liquid sample
US5001054A (en) 1986-06-26 1991-03-19 Becton, Dickinson And Company Method for monitoring glucose
US4731330A (en) 1986-07-01 1988-03-15 Biotrack, Inc. Whole blood control sample
US4895156A (en) 1986-07-02 1990-01-23 Schulze John E Sensor system using fluorometric decay measurements
US4873993A (en) 1986-07-22 1989-10-17 Personal Diagnostics, Inc. Cuvette
EP0254246A2 (en) 1986-07-22 1988-01-27 Personal Diagnostics, Inc. Improved cuvette
US5029583A (en) 1986-07-22 1991-07-09 Personal Diagnostics, Inc. Optical analyzer
EP0470649B1 (en) 1986-07-23 1999-06-02 Unilever Plc Method for electrochemical measurements
US4817603A (en) 1986-07-30 1989-04-04 Glyme Valley Technology Limited Lancet device
US5843692A (en) 1986-08-13 1998-12-01 Lifescan, Inc. Automatic initiation of a time interval for measuring glucose concentration in a sample of whole blood
US6489133B2 (en) 1986-08-13 2002-12-03 Lifescan, Inc. Apparatus for determinating the concentration of glucose in whole blood
US5059394A (en) 1986-08-13 1991-10-22 Lifescan, Inc. Analytical device for the automated determination of analytes in fluids
US4935346A (en) 1986-08-13 1990-06-19 Lifescan, Inc. Minimum procedure system for the determination of analytes
US6858401B2 (en) 1986-08-13 2005-02-22 Lifescan, Inc. Minimum procedure system for the determination of analytes
US6821483B2 (en) 1986-08-13 2004-11-23 Lifescan, Inc. Reagents test strip with alignment notch
US5563042A (en) 1986-08-13 1996-10-08 Lifescan, Inc. Whole blood glucose test strip
US6268162B1 (en) 1986-08-13 2001-07-31 Lifescan, Inc. Reflectance measurement of analyte concentration with automatic initiation of timing
US5426032A (en) 1986-08-13 1995-06-20 Lifescan, Inc. No-wipe whole blood glucose test strip
US5304468A (en) 1986-08-13 1994-04-19 Lifescan, Inc. Reagent test strip and apparatus for determination of blood glucose
US5179005A (en) 1986-08-13 1993-01-12 Lifescan, Inc. Minimum procedure system for the determination of analytes
US5968760A (en) 1986-08-13 1999-10-19 Lifescan, Inc. Temperature-Independent Blood Glucose Measurement
US5049487A (en) 1986-08-13 1991-09-17 Lifescan, Inc. Automated initiation of timing of reflectance readings
US4790979A (en) 1986-08-29 1988-12-13 Technimed Corporation Test strip and fixture
US4825711A (en) 1986-09-05 1989-05-02 Slagteriernes Forskningsinstitut Probe unit for automatic determination of quality properties of meat
US5296378A (en) 1986-09-10 1994-03-22 Toa Medical Electronics Co., Ltd. Method for classifying leukocytes by flow cytometry
US5049373A (en) 1986-09-11 1991-09-17 University Of Pittsburgh Method for selection of primate tumor-associated antigens suitable as in vivo targets for antibodies
US4966646A (en) 1986-09-24 1990-10-30 Board Of Trustees Of Leland Stanford University Method of making an integrated, microminiature electric-to-fluidic valve
US4753776A (en) 1986-10-29 1988-06-28 Biotrack, Inc. Blood separation device comprising a filter and a capillary flow pathway exiting the filter
US5135719A (en) 1986-10-29 1992-08-04 Biotrack, Inc. Blood separation device comprising a filter and a capillary flow pathway exiting the filter
US4715374A (en) 1986-11-14 1987-12-29 Medicore, Inc. Disposable automatic lancet
US4794926A (en) 1986-11-24 1989-01-03 Invictus, Inc. Lancet cartridge
US4900424A (en) 1986-11-28 1990-02-13 Unilever Patent Holdings B.V. Electrochemical measurement cell
US4735203A (en) 1986-12-12 1988-04-05 Ryder International Corporation Retractable lancet
US4774192A (en) 1987-01-28 1988-09-27 Technimed Corporation A dry reagent delivery system with membrane having porosity gradient
US4869265A (en) 1987-04-03 1989-09-26 Western Clinical Engineering Ltd. Biomedical pressure transducer
EP0289269A2 (en) 1987-04-27 1988-11-02 MediSense, Inc. Electrochemical sensor with red blood cell exclusion layer
US4820010A (en) 1987-04-28 1989-04-11 Spectra Diode Laboratories, Inc. Bright output optical system with tapered bundle
US4869249A (en) 1987-05-01 1989-09-26 Owen Mumford Limited Blood sampling devices
US5092842A (en) 1987-05-08 1992-03-03 Wilhelm Haselmeier Gmbh & Co. Injection device with a cocking element and a second setting element
US4952515A (en) 1987-05-22 1990-08-28 Polymer Technology International Corp. Method of detection using a test strip having a non particulate dialyzed polymer layer
US4814142A (en) 1987-05-22 1989-03-21 Polymer Technology International Corp. Test strip having a non-particulate dialyzed polymer layer
US5128171A (en) 1987-05-22 1992-07-07 Polymer Technology International Method of making a test strip having a dialyzed polymer layer
US5286364A (en) 1987-06-08 1994-02-15 Rutgers University Surface-modified electochemical biosensor
US5218966A (en) 1987-06-12 1993-06-15 Omron Tateisi Electronics Co. Electronic blood pressure meter
US4889529A (en) 1987-07-10 1989-12-26 B. Braun Melsungen Ag Needle
US5162525A (en) 1987-07-31 1992-11-10 Allied-Signal Inc. Fluorogenic and chromogenic three-dimensional ionophores as selective reagents for detecting ions in biological fluids
US4944304A (en) 1987-08-14 1990-07-31 Teruya Nishina Electronic sphygmomanometer
US4868129A (en) 1987-08-27 1989-09-19 Biotrack Inc. Apparatus and method for dilution and mixing of liquid samples
US4829011A (en) 1987-08-27 1989-05-09 Biotrack, Inc. Agglutination assay
US4946795A (en) 1987-08-27 1990-08-07 Biotrack, Inc. Apparatus and method for dilution and mixing of liquid samples
US4784486A (en) 1987-10-06 1988-11-15 Albion Instruments Multi-channel molecular gas analysis by laser-activated Raman light scattering
US4850973A (en) 1987-10-16 1989-07-25 Pavel Jordon & Associates Plastic device for injection and obtaining blood samples
FR2622457A1 (en) 1987-11-03 1989-05-05 Piccinali Eric Mesotherapeutic injector with microprocessor
US5010774A (en) 1987-11-05 1991-04-30 The Yokohama Rubber Co., Ltd. Distribution type tactile sensor
US5077017A (en) 1987-11-05 1991-12-31 Biotrack, Inc. Integrated serial dilution and mixing cartridge
EP0320109A1 (en) 1987-11-05 1989-06-14 MediSense, Inc. Improved sensing system
EP0317847A1 (en) 1987-11-17 1989-05-31 Spacelabs, Inc. Apparatus and method for blood chemistry analysis
US4844095A (en) 1987-12-14 1989-07-04 Medicore, Inc. Automatic lancet device
US5073500A (en) 1988-01-08 1991-12-17 Inax Corporation Method and apparatus for detecting urinary constituents
US4940468A (en) 1988-01-13 1990-07-10 Petillo Phillip J Apparatus for microsurgery
US5070886A (en) 1988-01-22 1991-12-10 Safety Diagnostice, Inc. Blood collection and testing means
US5014718A (en) 1988-01-22 1991-05-14 Safety Diagnostics, Inc. Blood collection and testing method
US4892097A (en) 1988-02-09 1990-01-09 Ryder International Corporation Retractable finger lancet
US4883055A (en) 1988-03-11 1989-11-28 Puritan-Bennett Corporation Artificially induced blood pulse for use with a pulse oximeter
US4883068A (en) 1988-03-14 1989-11-28 Dec In Tech, Inc. Blood sampling device and method
EP0406304B1 (en) 1988-03-15 1997-08-20 Tall Oak Ventures Method and apparatus for amperometric diagnostic analysis
USRE36268E (en) 1988-03-15 1999-08-17 Boehringer Mannheim Corporation Method and apparatus for amperometric diagnostic analysis
US5108564A (en) 1988-03-15 1992-04-28 Tall Oak Ventures Method and apparatus for amperometric diagnostic analysis
US5128015A (en) 1988-03-15 1992-07-07 Tall Oak Ventures Method and apparatus for amperometric diagnostic analysis
USD318331S (en) 1988-03-21 1991-07-16 Lifescan, Inc. Blood glucose monitor
EP0359831B2 (en) 1988-03-31 2007-06-20 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor and process for its production
US5120420A (en) 1988-03-31 1992-06-09 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor and a process for preparation thereof
US5120420B1 (en) 1988-03-31 1999-11-09 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Biosensor and a process for preparation thereof
US5104380A (en) 1988-04-18 1992-04-14 Robert Charles Turner Syringe with dose metering device
US5272087A (en) 1988-04-20 1993-12-21 Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique (C.N.R.S.) Enzymatic electrode and its preparation method
US4966581A (en) 1988-04-22 1990-10-30 Vitajet Industria E. Commercio Ltda Non reusable disposable capsule containing an individual vaccine dose to be hypodermically injected with a pressure needleless injection apparatus
EP0654659B1 (en) 1988-06-09 1997-02-12 Boehringer Mannheim Corporation Defined volume test device
US5126034A (en) 1988-07-21 1992-06-30 Medisense, Inc. Bioelectrochemical electrodes
EP0593096A2 (en) 1988-07-21 1994-04-20 MediSense, Inc. Bioelectrochemical electrodes
US4877026A (en) 1988-07-22 1989-10-31 Microline Inc. Surgical apparatus
US5320808A (en) 1988-08-02 1994-06-14 Abbott Laboratories Reaction cartridge and carousel for biological sample analyzer
US5080865A (en) 1988-08-09 1992-01-14 Avl Ag One-way measuring element
US5096669A (en) 1988-09-15 1992-03-17 I-Stat Corporation Disposable sensing device for real time fluid analysis
EP0368474B1 (en) 1988-10-07 1995-12-13 MediSense, Inc. Enhanced amperometric sensor
US4924879A (en) 1988-10-07 1990-05-15 Brien Walter J O Blood lancet device
US5264106A (en) 1988-10-07 1993-11-23 Medisense, Inc. Enhanced amperometric sensor
EP0364208A1 (en) 1988-10-12 1990-04-18 Thorne, Smith, Astill Technologies, Inc. Assay and sensing means for determining analyte
US5108889A (en) 1988-10-12 1992-04-28 Thorne, Smith, Astill Technologies, Inc. Assay for determining analyte using mercury release followed by detection via interaction with aluminum
US5047044A (en) 1988-10-12 1991-09-10 Thorne, Smith, Astill Technologies, Inc. Medical droplet whole blood and like monitoring
US4995402A (en) 1988-10-12 1991-02-26 Thorne, Smith, Astill Technologies, Inc. Medical droplet whole blood and like monitoring
US5057277A (en) 1988-10-17 1991-10-15 Hewlett-Packard Company Chemically sensitive, dimensionally-stable organosilicon material composition
US5194391A (en) 1988-10-17 1993-03-16 Hewlett-Packard Company Chemically sensitive, dimensionally-stable organosilicon material composition and techniques
US4920977A (en) 1988-10-25 1990-05-01 Becton, Dickinson And Company Blood collection assembly with lancet and microcollection tube
US4895147A (en) 1988-10-28 1990-01-23 Sherwood Medical Company Lancet injector
US5057082A (en) 1988-11-04 1991-10-15 Plastic Injectors, Inc. Trocar assembly
US5064411A (en) 1988-11-04 1991-11-12 Gordon Iii Kilbourn Protective medical device
US5540676A (en) 1988-11-10 1996-07-30 Premier Laser Systems, Inc. Method of laser surgery using multiple wavelengths
US5436161A (en) 1988-11-10 1995-07-25 Pharmacia Biosensor Ab Matrix coating for sensing surfaces capable of selective biomolecular interactions, to be used in biosensor systems
US4983178A (en) 1988-11-14 1991-01-08 Invictus, Inc. Lancing device
US5525518A (en) 1988-12-22 1996-06-11 Radiometer Medical A/S Method of photometric in vitro determination of a blood gas parameter in a blood sample
EP0374355B1 (en) 1988-12-22 1993-06-02 Richard A. Piperato Tamperproof, single use, disposable tattoo equipment
US5086229A (en) 1989-01-19 1992-02-04 Futrex, Inc. Non-invasive measurement of blood glucose
US5205920A (en) 1989-03-03 1993-04-27 Noboru Oyama Enzyme sensor and method of manufacturing the same
US5035704A (en) 1989-03-07 1991-07-30 Lambert Robert D Blood sampling mechanism
US5089112A (en) 1989-03-20 1992-02-18 Associated Universities, Inc. Electrochemical biosensor based on immobilized enzymes and redox polymers
US4953976A (en) 1989-03-20 1990-09-04 Spectral Sciences, Inc. Gas species monitor system
US6214804B1 (en) 1989-03-21 2001-04-10 Vical Incorporated Induction of a protective immune response in a mammal by injecting a DNA sequence
US5201324A (en) 1989-03-27 1993-04-13 Remi Swierczek Disposable skin perforator and blood testing device
US5054499A (en) 1989-03-27 1991-10-08 Swierczek Remi D Disposable skin perforator and blood testing device
US5028142A (en) 1989-04-06 1991-07-02 Biotrack, Inc. Reciprocal mixer
US5104813A (en) 1989-04-13 1992-04-14 Biotrack, Inc. Dilution and mixing cartridge
US5039617A (en) 1989-04-20 1991-08-13 Biotrack, Inc. Capillary flow device and method for measuring activated partial thromboplastin time
US4953552A (en) 1989-04-21 1990-09-04 Demarzo Arthur P Blood glucose monitoring system
US4952373A (en) 1989-04-21 1990-08-28 Biotrack, Inc. Liquid shield for cartridge
US5312590A (en) 1989-04-24 1994-05-17 National University Of Singapore Amperometric sensor for single and multicomponent analysis
US5046496A (en) 1989-04-26 1991-09-10 Ppg Industries, Inc. Sensor assembly for measuring analytes in fluids
US5145565A (en) 1989-05-01 1992-09-08 Spacelabs, Inc. Contamination-free method and apparatus for measuring body fluid chemical parameters
US5370509A (en) 1989-05-08 1994-12-06 The Cleveland Clinic Foundation Sealless rotodynamic pump with fluid bearing
US5132801A (en) 1989-06-07 1992-07-21 Nikon Corporation Signal correction device of photoelectric conversion equipment
US4990154A (en) 1989-06-19 1991-02-05 Miles Inc. Lancet assembly
US5074872A (en) 1989-06-19 1991-12-24 Miles Inc. Lancet assembly
US4975581A (en) 1989-06-21 1990-12-04 University Of New Mexico Method of and apparatus for determining the similarity of a biological analyte from a model constructed from known biological fluids
US5001873A (en) 1989-06-26 1991-03-26 American Air Liquide Method and apparatus for in situ cleaning of excimer laser optics
US5264105A (en) 1989-08-02 1993-11-23 Gregg Brian A Enzyme electrodes
US4984085A (en) 1989-08-03 1991-01-08 Allen-Bradley Company, Inc. Image processor with dark current compensation
US4976724A (en) 1989-08-25 1990-12-11 Lifescan, Inc. Lancet ejector mechanism
US5620863A (en) 1989-08-28 1997-04-15 Lifescan, Inc. Blood glucose strip having reduced side reactions
US5306623A (en) 1989-08-28 1994-04-26 Lifescan, Inc. Visual blood glucose concentration test strip
US6395227B1 (en) 1989-08-28 2002-05-28 Lifescan, Inc. Test strip for measuring analyte concentration over a broad range of sample volume
US5418142A (en) 1989-08-28 1995-05-23 Lifescan, Inc. Glucose test strip for whole blood
EP0415393B1 (en) 1989-08-30 1997-12-10 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Method and apparatus for reviving an electrode of a biosensor
EP0415388B1 (en) 1989-08-30 1995-05-03 Daikin Industries, Limited Method and apparatus for reviving an electrode of a biosensor
US5174726A (en) 1989-09-05 1992-12-29 Findlay Iain S Liquid pump
US5026388A (en) 1989-09-26 1991-06-25 Ingalz Thomas J Single-use skin puncture device
US5100427A (en) 1989-11-04 1992-03-31 Owen Mumford Limited Disposable lancet device
US5167619A (en) 1989-11-17 1992-12-01 Sonokineticss Group Apparatus and method for removal of cement from bone cavities
US5415169A (en) 1989-11-21 1995-05-16 Fischer Imaging Corporation Motorized mammographic biopsy apparatus
US5229282A (en) 1989-11-24 1993-07-20 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Preparation of biosensor having a layer containing an enzyme, electron acceptor and hydrophilic polymer on an electrode system
EP0429076B1 (en) 1989-11-24 1996-01-31 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Preparation of biosensor
US5100428A (en) 1989-12-12 1992-03-31 Owen Mumford Limited Disposable two part body pricker
EP0505504B1 (en) 1989-12-15 1997-03-05 Boehringer Mannheim Corporation Biosensor electrode excitation circuit
EP0505475B1 (en) 1989-12-15 1999-03-03 Boehringer Mannheim Corporation Biosensing instrument and method
US5288636A (en) 1989-12-15 1994-02-22 Boehringer Mannheim Corporation Enzyme electrode system
EP0505494B1 (en) 1989-12-15 1995-07-12 Boehringer Mannheim Corporation Redox mediator reagent and biosensor
US5104619A (en) 1990-01-24 1992-04-14 Gds Technology, Inc. Disposable diagnostic system
US5070874A (en) 1990-01-30 1991-12-10 Biocontrol Technology, Inc. Non-invasive determination of glucose concentration in body of patients
US5054487A (en) 1990-02-02 1991-10-08 Boston Advanced Technologies, Inc. Laser systems for material analysis based on reflectance ratio detection
US5286362A (en) 1990-02-03 1994-02-15 Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh Method and sensor electrode system for the electrochemical determination of an analyte or an oxidoreductase as well as the use of suitable compounds therefor
US5122244A (en) 1990-02-03 1992-06-16 Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh Method and sensor electrode system for the electrochemical determination of an analyte or an oxidoreductase as well as the use of suitable compounds therefor
US5156611A (en) 1990-02-05 1992-10-20 Becton, Dickinson And Company Blood microsampling site preparation method
US5107764A (en) 1990-02-13 1992-04-28 Baldwin Technology Corporation Method and apparatus for carbon dioxide cleaning of graphic arts equipment
US5152296A (en) 1990-03-01 1992-10-06 Hewlett-Packard Company Dual-finger vital signs monitor
US5456875A (en) 1990-03-19 1995-10-10 Becton, Dickinson And Company Method for preparing plastic lancet
US5250066A (en) 1990-03-19 1993-10-05 Becton Dickinson And Company Plastic pointed articles and method for their preparation
EP0449147A2 (en) 1990-03-23 1991-10-02 Mazda Motor Corporation Suspension system for automotive vehicle
EP0449525A1 (en) 1990-03-26 1991-10-02 Cascade Medical, Inc. Medical diagnostic system
US5043143A (en) 1990-03-28 1991-08-27 Eastman Kodak Company Analyzer having humidity control apparatus
US5097810A (en) 1990-04-06 1992-03-24 Henry Fishman Allergy testing apparatus and method
USD332490S (en) 1990-04-12 1993-01-12 Miles Inc. Disposable lancet cap
US5060174A (en) 1990-04-18 1991-10-22 Biomechanics Corporation Of America Method and apparatus for evaluating a load bearing surface such as a seat
US5146091A (en) 1990-04-19 1992-09-08 Inomet, Inc. Body fluid constituent measurement utilizing an interference pattern
EP0453283A1 (en) 1990-04-19 1991-10-23 Teknekron Sensor Development Corporation An integral interstitial fluid sensor
US5153671A (en) 1990-05-11 1992-10-06 Boc Health Care, Inc. Gas analysis system having buffer gas inputs to protect associated optical elements
US5196025A (en) 1990-05-21 1993-03-23 Ryder International Corporation Lancet actuator with retractable mechanism
US5187100A (en) 1990-05-29 1993-02-16 Lifescan, Inc. Dispersion to limit penetration of aqueous solutions into a membrane
US5062898A (en) 1990-06-05 1991-11-05 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Surface cleaning using a cryogenic aerosol
EP0461601B1 (en) 1990-06-12 1995-12-13 Daikin Industries, Limited Method and apparatus for maintaining the activity of an enzyme electrode
US5116759A (en) 1990-06-27 1992-05-26 Fiberchem Inc. Reservoir chemical sensors
EP0471986B1 (en) 1990-07-20 1995-10-18 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Quantitative analysis method and its system using a disposable sensor
US5266179A (en) 1990-07-20 1993-11-30 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Quantitative analysis method and its system using a disposable sensor
US5208163A (en) 1990-08-06 1993-05-04 Miles Inc. Self-metering fluid analysis device
US5525511A (en) 1990-09-01 1996-06-11 Environmental & Medical Products Ltd. Electrochemical biosensor stability
US5365699A (en) 1990-09-27 1994-11-22 Jay Armstrong Blast cleaning system
US5152775A (en) 1990-10-04 1992-10-06 Norbert Ruppert Automatic lancet device and method of using the same
EP0552223B1 (en) 1990-10-10 1996-07-17 Novo Nordisk A/S Use of benzene derivatives as charge transfer mediators
US5059789A (en) 1990-10-22 1991-10-22 International Business Machines Corp. Optical position and orientation sensor
US5188118A (en) 1990-11-07 1993-02-23 Terwilliger Richard A Automatic biopsy instrument with independently actuated stylet and cannula
US5170364A (en) 1990-12-06 1992-12-08 Biomechanics Corporation Of America Feedback system for load bearing surface
US5266359A (en) 1991-01-14 1993-11-30 Becton, Dickinson And Company Lubricative coating composition, article and assembly containing same and method thereof
US5104382A (en) 1991-01-15 1992-04-14 Ethicon, Inc. Trocar
US5342382A (en) 1991-01-15 1994-08-30 Ethicon, Inc. Surgical trocar
US5709668A (en) 1991-01-16 1998-01-20 Senetek Plc Automatic medicament injector employing non-coring needle
US5360410A (en) 1991-01-16 1994-11-01 Senetek Plc Safety syringe for mixing two-component medicaments
US5354287A (en) 1991-01-16 1994-10-11 Senetek Plc Injector for delivering fluid to internal target tissue
US5249583A (en) 1991-02-01 1993-10-05 Vance Products Incorporated Electronic biopsy instrument with wiperless position sensors
US5378628A (en) 1991-02-21 1995-01-03 Asulab, S.A. Sensor for measuring the amount of a component in solution
US5393903A (en) 1991-02-21 1995-02-28 Asulab S.A. Mono, bis or tris(substituted 2,2'-bipyridine) iron, ruthenium, osmium or vanadium complexes and their methods of preparation
US5230866A (en) 1991-03-01 1993-07-27 Biotrack, Inc. Capillary stop-flow junction having improved stability against accidental fluid flow
US20020042090A1 (en) 1991-03-04 2002-04-11 Therasense, Inc. Subcutaneous glucose electrode
US5279791A (en) 1991-03-04 1994-01-18 Biotrack, Inc. Liquid control system for diagnostic cartridges used in analytical instruments
US5192415A (en) 1991-03-04 1993-03-09 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor utilizing enzyme and a method for producing the same
US5490505A (en) 1991-03-07 1996-02-13 Masimo Corporation Signal processing apparatus
US5215587A (en) 1991-03-11 1993-06-01 Conal Corporation Sealant applicator for can lids
US5773270A (en) 1991-03-12 1998-06-30 Chiron Diagnostics Corporation Three-layered membrane for use in an electrochemical sensor system
US5189751A (en) 1991-03-21 1993-03-02 Gemtech, Inc. Vibrating toothbrush using a magnetic driver
US5139685A (en) 1991-03-26 1992-08-18 Gds Technology, Inc. Blood separation filter assembly and method
US5247932A (en) 1991-04-15 1993-09-28 Nellcor Incorporated Sensor for intrauterine use
US5212879A (en) 1991-05-15 1993-05-25 International Technidyne Corp. Method for manufacturing a disposable-retractable finger stick device
US5133730A (en) 1991-05-15 1992-07-28 International Technidyne Corporation Disposable-retractable finger stick device
US5382346A (en) 1991-05-17 1995-01-17 Kyoto Daiichi Kagaku Co., Ltd. Biosensor and method of quantitative analysis using the same
US5332479A (en) 1991-05-17 1994-07-26 Kyoto Daiichi Kagaku Co., Ltd. Biosensor and method of quantitative analysis using the same
US5496453A (en) 1991-05-17 1996-03-05 Kyoto Daiichi Kagaku Co., Ltd. Biosensor and method of quantitative analysis using the same
US5253656A (en) 1991-05-23 1993-10-19 Rincoe Richard G Apparatus and method for monitoring contact pressure between body parts and contact surfaces
US5993400A (en) 1991-05-23 1999-11-30 Rincoe; Richard G. Apparatus and method for monitoring contact pressure between body parts and contact surfaces
US5344703A (en) 1991-06-25 1994-09-06 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Ordered polymer/sol-gel microcomposite laminates with peek resin adhesive
US5402798A (en) 1991-07-18 1995-04-04 Swierczek; Remi Disposable skin perforator and blood testing device
US5480387A (en) 1991-07-24 1996-01-02 Medico Development Investment Company Injection device
US5163442A (en) 1991-07-30 1992-11-17 Harry Ono Finger tip blood collector
EP0530994A1 (en) 1991-08-16 1993-03-10 Merck & Co. Inc. Quinazoline derivatives as inhibitors of HIV reverse transcriptase
US5217476A (en) 1991-10-01 1993-06-08 Medical Sterile Products, Inc. Surgical knife blade and method of performing cataract surgery utilizing a surgical knife blade
US5315793A (en) 1991-10-01 1994-05-31 Hughes Aircraft Company System for precision cleaning by jet spray
US5558834A (en) 1991-10-03 1996-09-24 Bayer Corporation Device and method of seperating and assaying whole blood
US5211652A (en) 1991-10-03 1993-05-18 Bruce Derbyshire Scalpel
US5264103A (en) 1991-10-18 1993-11-23 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor and a method for measuring a concentration of a substrate in a sample
EP0537761B1 (en) 1991-10-18 1997-08-27 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. A biosensor and a method for measuring a concentration of a substrate in a sample
EP0735363B1 (en) 1991-10-18 2005-07-27 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. A biosensor and a method for measuring a concentration of a substrate in a sample
US5256998A (en) 1991-10-25 1993-10-26 Technische Entwicklungen Dr. Becker Gmbh Actuator
US5540709A (en) 1991-11-12 1996-07-30 Actimed Laboratories, Inc. Lancet device
US5366470A (en) 1991-11-12 1994-11-22 Ramel Urs A Lancet device
US5231993A (en) 1991-11-20 1993-08-03 Habley Medical Technology Corporation Blood sampler and component tester with guide member
US5465722A (en) 1991-12-11 1995-11-14 Fort; J. Robert Synthetic aperture ultrasound imaging system
US5354447A (en) 1991-12-12 1994-10-11 Kyoto Daiichi Kagaku Co., Ltd. Biosensor and method of quantitative analysis using the same
US5562384A (en) 1991-12-23 1996-10-08 Joseph Alvite Tape packaging system with removeable covers
US5372135A (en) 1991-12-31 1994-12-13 Vivascan Corporation Blood constituent determination based on differential spectral analysis
US5304192A (en) 1992-01-16 1994-04-19 Sherwood Medical Company Lancet with locking cover
US5512159A (en) 1992-01-21 1996-04-30 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co. Ltd. Biosensor
USD342673S (en) 1992-01-30 1993-12-28 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Container for developed photographic film
US5395339A (en) 1992-01-31 1995-03-07 Sherwood Medical Company Medical device with sterile fluid pathway
US5453360A (en) 1992-02-03 1995-09-26 Lifescan, Inc. Oxidative coupling dye for spectrophotometric quantitive analysis of analytes
US5304347A (en) 1992-02-08 1994-04-19 Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh Liquid transfer device for an analysis unit
US5222504A (en) 1992-02-11 1993-06-29 Solomon Charles L Disposable neurological pinwheel
US5320607A (en) 1992-02-13 1994-06-14 Kabushiki Kaisya Advance Simple blood sampling device
EP0560336B1 (en) 1992-03-12 1998-05-06 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. A biosensor including a catalyst made from phosphate
US5407818A (en) 1992-03-23 1995-04-18 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Biosensor containing a biochemical substance immobilized on a layer of olefinic-unsaturated, epoxy functional cross-linked polysiloxane
US5389534A (en) 1992-03-23 1995-02-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Biosensor containing a biochemical substance immobilized on a layer of an olefinic-unsaturated, epoxyfunctional polyether
EP0562370B1 (en) 1992-03-23 1997-11-26 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Biosensor
US5487748A (en) 1992-04-01 1996-01-30 Owen Mumford Limited Blood sampling device
US5487748B1 (en) 1992-04-01 1998-04-14 Owen Mumford Ltd Blood sampling device
USRE35803E (en) 1992-04-13 1998-05-19 Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh Blood lancet device for and method withdrawing blood for diagnostic purposes
US5318584A (en) 1992-04-13 1994-06-07 Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh Blood lancet device for withdrawing blood for diagnostic purposes
DE4212315A1 (en) 1992-04-13 1993-10-14 Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh Blood lancet device for drawing blood for diagnostic purposes
US5209028A (en) 1992-04-15 1993-05-11 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Apparatus to clean solid surfaces using a cryogenic aerosol
US5366469A (en) 1992-04-16 1994-11-22 Arta Plast Ab Lancet device for puncturing the skin
US6290683B1 (en) 1992-04-29 2001-09-18 Mali-Tech Ltd. Skin piercing needle assembly
US5921963A (en) 1992-04-29 1999-07-13 Mali-Tech Ltd. Skin piercing devices for medical use
US5318583A (en) 1992-05-05 1994-06-07 Ryder International Corporation Lancet actuator mechanism
US5968836A (en) 1992-05-12 1999-10-19 Lifescan, Inc. Fluid conducting test strip with transport medium
US5405510A (en) * 1992-05-18 1995-04-11 Ppg Industries, Inc. Portable analyte measuring system for multiple fluid samples
US5267974A (en) 1992-06-04 1993-12-07 Lambert William S Hypodermic syringe with foam sponge reservoir
US5710011A (en) 1992-06-05 1998-01-20 Medisense, Inc. Mediators to oxidoreductase enzymes
US5217480A (en) 1992-06-09 1993-06-08 Habley Medical Technology Corporation Capillary blood drawing device
US5241969A (en) 1992-06-10 1993-09-07 Carson Jay W Controlled and safe fine needle aspiration device
US6346120B1 (en) 1992-06-23 2002-02-12 Sun Medical Technology Research Corporation Auxiliary artificial heart of an embedded type
US5424545A (en) 1992-07-15 1995-06-13 Myron J. Block Non-invasive non-spectrophotometric infrared measurement of blood analyte concentrations
US5356420A (en) 1992-08-03 1994-10-18 Przedsiebiorstwo Zagraniczne Htl Device for puncturing
US5443701A (en) 1992-08-25 1995-08-22 Yissum Research Development Company Of Hebrew University Of Jerusalem Electrobiochemical analytical method and electrodes
US5330634A (en) 1992-08-28 1994-07-19 Via Medical Corporation Calibration solutions useful for analyses of biological fluids and methods employing same
US5460182A (en) 1992-09-14 1995-10-24 Sextant Medical Corporation Tissue penetrating apparatus and methods
US5324303A (en) 1992-09-25 1994-06-28 Amg Medical, Inc. Combined lancet and multi-function cap and lancet injector for use therewith
US5423847A (en) 1992-09-25 1995-06-13 Amg Medical, Inc. Safe lancet injector
US5409583A (en) 1992-09-30 1995-04-25 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Method for measuring concentrations of substrates in a sample liquid by using a biosensor
US6172743B1 (en) 1992-10-07 2001-01-09 Chemtrix, Inc. Technique for measuring a blood analyte by non-invasive spectrometry in living tissue
US5324302A (en) 1992-10-13 1994-06-28 Sherwood Medical Company Lancet with locking cover
US5617851A (en) 1992-10-14 1997-04-08 Endodermic Medical Technologies Company Ultrasonic transdermal system for withdrawing fluid from an organism and determining the concentration of a substance in the fluid
US5314441A (en) 1992-10-16 1994-05-24 International Technidyne Corporation Disposable slicing lancet assembly
US5314442A (en) 1992-10-26 1994-05-24 Apls Co., Ltd. Blood collecting apparatus
US20050010198A1 (en) 1992-10-28 2005-01-13 Transmedica International, Inc. Removable tip for laser device with transparent lens
US5294261A (en) 1992-11-02 1994-03-15 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Surface cleaning using an argon or nitrogen aerosol
US5562696A (en) 1992-11-12 1996-10-08 Cordis Innovasive Systems, Inc. Visualization trocar
US5307263A (en) 1992-11-17 1994-04-26 Raya Systems, Inc. Modular microprocessor-based health monitoring system
US5496274A (en) 1992-11-23 1996-03-05 Becton, Dickinson And Company Locking safety needle assembly
US5779365A (en) 1992-11-25 1998-07-14 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Temperature sensor for medical application
US5341206A (en) 1992-12-03 1994-08-23 Hewlett-Packard Company Method for calibrating a spectrograph for gaseous samples
US5501893A (en) 1992-12-05 1996-03-26 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method of anisotropically etching silicon
US5410059A (en) 1992-12-15 1995-04-25 Asulab S.A. Transition metal complexes having 2,2'-bipyridine ligands substituted by at least one ammonium alkyl radical
US5524636A (en) 1992-12-21 1996-06-11 Artann Corporation Dba Artann Laboratories Method and apparatus for elasticity imaging
US5840171A (en) 1992-12-23 1998-11-24 Unilever Patent Holdings Bv Electrochemical reactions
US5282822A (en) 1993-01-19 1994-02-01 Sherwood Medical Company Lancet ejector for lancet injector
US5316012A (en) 1993-02-10 1994-05-31 Tzony Siegal Device for testing pin prick sensation
US5445920A (en) 1993-02-18 1995-08-29 Nec Corporation Fabrication process of biosensor
US6144976A (en) 1993-02-26 2000-11-07 Norand Corporation Hand-held data collection computer terminal having power management architecture including switchable multi-purpose input display screen
US5529074A (en) 1993-02-26 1996-06-25 Greenfield; Jon B. Uniform pressure diagnostic pinwheel
US5395387A (en) 1993-02-26 1995-03-07 Becton Dickinson And Company Lancet blade designed for reduced pain
US5993434A (en) 1993-04-01 1999-11-30 Genetronics, Inc. Method of treatment using electroporation mediated delivery of drugs and genes
US5401376A (en) 1993-04-09 1995-03-28 Ciba Corning Diagnostics Corp. Electrochemical sensors
US5863800A (en) 1993-04-23 1999-01-26 Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh Storage system for test elements
US5720924A (en) 1993-04-23 1998-02-24 Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh Storage system for test elements
US5368047A (en) 1993-04-28 1994-11-29 Nissho Corporation Suction-type blood sampler
US5407545A (en) 1993-04-30 1995-04-18 Kyoto Daiichi Kagaku Co., Ltd. Method for measuring sample by enzyme electrodes
US5407554A (en) 1993-05-10 1995-04-18 Asulab S.A. Electrochemical sensor with multiple zones on a disc and its application to the quantitative analysis of glucose
US5658444A (en) 1993-05-12 1997-08-19 Medisense, Inc. Electrochemical sensors
US5843691A (en) 1993-05-15 1998-12-01 Lifescan, Inc. Visually-readable reagent test strip
US5366609A (en) 1993-06-08 1994-11-22 Boehringer Mannheim Corporation Biosensing meter with pluggable memory key
DE4320347A1 (en) 1993-06-19 1994-12-22 Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh Quinazoline derivatives and medicaments containing them
EP0630609A2 (en) 1993-06-21 1994-12-28 Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh Blood lancet device for obtaining blood samples for diagnosis purposes
US5554166A (en) 1993-06-21 1996-09-10 Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh Blood lancet device for withdrawing blood for diagnostic purposes
US5375397A (en) 1993-06-22 1994-12-27 Ferrand; Robert J. Curve-conforming sensor array pad and method of measuring saddle pressures on a horse
US5375397B1 (en) 1993-06-22 1998-11-10 Robert J Ferrand Curve-conforming sensor array pad and method of measuring saddle pressures on a horse
US5383885A (en) 1993-06-29 1995-01-24 Bland; Todd A. Blood collection and testing device
US6635222B2 (en) 1993-07-22 2003-10-21 Clearant, Inc. Method of sterilizing products
US5462533A (en) 1993-07-23 1995-10-31 Becton, Dickinson And Company Self contained needle and shield
USRE36991E (en) 1993-07-23 2000-12-19 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor and method for producing the same
EP0636879B1 (en) 1993-07-23 2002-01-16 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Method for producing a biosensor
US5410474A (en) 1993-07-27 1995-04-25 Miles Inc. Buttonless memory system for an electronic measurement device
US5741634A (en) 1993-08-03 1998-04-21 A & D Company Limited Throwaway type chemical sensor
US5680872A (en) 1993-08-10 1997-10-28 Kabushiki Kaisya Advance Simple blood-collecting device
US5304193A (en) 1993-08-12 1994-04-19 Sam Zhadanov Blood lancing device
US5692514A (en) 1993-08-13 1997-12-02 Thermal Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for measuring continuous blood flow at low power
US5409664A (en) 1993-09-28 1995-04-25 Chemtrak, Inc. Laminated assay device
US5746217A (en) 1993-10-13 1998-05-05 Integ Incorporated Interstitial fluid collection and constituent measurement
US20030233055A1 (en) 1993-10-13 2003-12-18 Erickson Brian J. Interstitial fluid collection and constituent measurement
US6602205B1 (en) 1993-10-13 2003-08-05 Integ, Inc. Interstitial fluid collection and constituent measurement
US20030149377A1 (en) 1993-10-13 2003-08-07 Erickson Brian J. Interstitial fluid collection and constituent measurement
US5624458A (en) 1993-10-20 1997-04-29 Anne Marie Varro Lancet device
US5472427A (en) 1993-10-22 1995-12-05 Rammler; David H. Trocar device
US5628961A (en) 1993-10-28 1997-05-13 I-Stat Corporation Apparatus for assaying viscosity changes in fluid samples and method of conducting same
US5390450A (en) 1993-11-08 1995-02-21 Ford Motor Company Supersonic exhaust nozzle having reduced noise levels for CO2 cleaning system
US5405283A (en) 1993-11-08 1995-04-11 Ford Motor Company CO2 cleaning system and method
US5678306A (en) 1993-11-10 1997-10-21 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Method for reducing pumping damage to blood
US20020169394A1 (en) 1993-11-15 2002-11-14 Eppstein Jonathan A. Integrated tissue poration, fluid harvesting and analysis device, and method therefor
US5965380A (en) 1993-12-02 1999-10-12 E. Heller & Company Subcutaneous glucose electrode
US5593852A (en) 1993-12-02 1997-01-14 Heller; Adam Subcutaneous glucose electrode
US6121009A (en) 1993-12-02 2000-09-19 E. Heller & Company Electrochemical analyte measurement system
US6284478B1 (en) 1993-12-02 2001-09-04 E. Heller & Company Subcutaneous glucose electrode
US6162611A (en) 1993-12-02 2000-12-19 E. Heller & Company Subcutaneous glucose electrode
US6083710A (en) 1993-12-02 2000-07-04 E. Heller & Company Electrochemical analyte measurement system
US5569287A (en) 1993-12-09 1996-10-29 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Means for collecting and spotting small amount of blood
US5464418A (en) 1993-12-09 1995-11-07 Schraga; Steven Reusable lancet device
US5770369A (en) 1993-12-10 1998-06-23 California Institute Of Technology Nucleic acid mediated electron transfer
US5545291A (en) 1993-12-17 1996-08-13 The Regents Of The University Of California Method for fabricating self-assembling microstructures
EP0662367A1 (en) 1993-12-23 1995-07-12 Hughes Aircraft Company CO2 jet spray system employing a thermal CO2 snow plume sensor
DE4344452A1 (en) 1993-12-24 1995-06-29 Hoechst Ag Aza-4-iminoquinolines, process for their preparation and their use
US5609749A (en) 1993-12-29 1997-03-11 Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Electrochemical assay method with novel p-phenylenediamine compound
US7300402B2 (en) 1993-12-29 2007-11-27 Clinical Decision Support, Llc Computerized medical diagnostic and treatment advice system
US7306560B2 (en) 1993-12-29 2007-12-11 Clinical Decision Support, Llc Computerized medical diagnostic and treatment advice system including network access
US5397334A (en) 1994-01-11 1995-03-14 Sherwood Medical Company Distal movement limiting assembly for finger stick device
US5545174A (en) 1994-01-11 1996-08-13 Sherwood Medical Company Finger stick device
US6929631B1 (en) 1994-01-18 2005-08-16 Vasca, Inc. Method and apparatus for percutaneously accessing a pressure activated implanted port
US5350392A (en) 1994-02-03 1994-09-27 Miles Inc. Lancing device with automatic cocking
US5762770A (en) 1994-02-21 1998-06-09 Boehringer Mannheim Corporation Electrochemical biosensor test strip
US5437999A (en) 1994-02-22 1995-08-01 Boehringer Mannheim Corporation Electrochemical sensor
US5543326A (en) 1994-03-04 1996-08-06 Heller; Adam Biosensor including chemically modified enzymes
EP0777123B1 (en) 1994-03-09 2009-11-18 Visionary Medical Products Corporation Medication delivery device with a microprocessor and characteristic monitor
US5474084A (en) 1994-03-15 1995-12-12 Cunniff; Joseph G. Algesimeter with detachable pin wheel
US5454828A (en) 1994-03-16 1995-10-03 Schraga; Steven Lancet unit with safety sleeve
US5575284A (en) 1994-04-01 1996-11-19 University Of South Florida Portable pulse oximeter
US6230501B1 (en) 1994-04-14 2001-05-15 Promxd Technology, Inc. Ergonomic systems and methods providing intelligent adaptive surfaces and temperature control
US5657760A (en) 1994-05-03 1997-08-19 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Apparatus and method for noninvasive doppler ultrasound-guided real-time control of tissue damage in thermal therapy
US5471102A (en) 1994-05-09 1995-11-28 Becker; Gregory R. Reciprocating shaft device
US5846490A (en) 1994-05-10 1998-12-08 Bayer Corporation Automated test strip supplying system
US5782770A (en) 1994-05-12 1998-07-21 Science Applications International Corporation Hyperspectral imaging methods and apparatus for non-invasive diagnosis of tissue for cancer
US5527334A (en) 1994-05-25 1996-06-18 Ryder International Corporation Disposable, retractable lancet
EP0685737B1 (en) 1994-06-02 2002-09-11 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor and method for producing the same
US5575895A (en) 1994-06-02 1996-11-19 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor and method for producing the same
US5855801A (en) 1994-06-06 1999-01-05 Lin; Liwei IC-processed microneedles
US5591139A (en) 1994-06-06 1997-01-07 The Regents Of The University Of California IC-processed microneedles
US5507629A (en) 1994-06-17 1996-04-16 Jarvik; Robert Artificial hearts with permanent magnet bearings
US5666966A (en) 1994-06-24 1997-09-16 Nissho Corporation Suction-type blood sampler
US6020110A (en) 1994-06-24 2000-02-01 Cambridge Sensors Ltd. Production of electrodes for electrochemical sensing
US6023629A (en) 1994-06-24 2000-02-08 Cygnus, Inc. Method of sampling substances using alternating polarity of iontophoretic current
US5700695A (en) 1994-06-30 1997-12-23 Zia Yassinzadeh Sample collection and manipulation method
US5547702A (en) 1994-07-08 1996-08-20 Polymer Technology International Corporation Method for continuous manufacture of diagnostic test strips
USD362719S (en) 1994-07-11 1995-09-26 Medicore, Inc. Combined lancet and flowered cap
US5620279A (en) 1994-07-11 1997-04-15 Toyo Boseki Kabushiki Kaisha Artificial water plant system for controlling sediment transport on a water bed
US5501836A (en) 1994-07-11 1996-03-26 Hewlett Packard Company Entrapped non-enzymatic macromolecules for chemical sensing
US5608006A (en) 1994-07-11 1997-03-04 Hewlett-Packard Company Entrapped non-enzymatic macromolecules for chemical sensing
US5459325A (en) 1994-07-19 1995-10-17 Molecular Dynamics, Inc. High-speed fluorescence scanner
US6352523B1 (en) 1994-07-22 2002-03-05 Health Hero Network, Inc. Capacitance-based dose measurements in syringes
US5476474A (en) 1994-07-27 1995-12-19 Ryder International Corporation Rotary lancet
US5645555A (en) 1994-07-27 1997-07-08 Ryder International Corporation Rotary lancet
US5849174A (en) 1994-08-01 1998-12-15 Medisense, Inc. Electrodes and their use in analysis
US5518006A (en) 1994-08-09 1996-05-21 International Technidyne Corp. Blood sampling device
US5514152A (en) 1994-08-16 1996-05-07 Specialized Health Products, Inc. Multiple segment encapsulated medical lancing device
US5554153A (en) 1994-08-29 1996-09-10 Cell Robotics, Inc. Laser skin perforator
US5908416A (en) 1994-08-29 1999-06-01 Cell Robotics, Inc. Laser dermal perforator
US5611810A (en) 1994-08-31 1997-03-18 James E. Arnold Hair transplantation apparatus
US5912134A (en) 1994-09-02 1999-06-15 Biometric Imaging, Inc. Disposable cartridge and method for an assay of a biological sample
US5515170A (en) 1994-09-08 1996-05-07 Lifescan, Inc. Analyte detection device having a serpentine passageway for indicator strips
US5526120A (en) 1994-09-08 1996-06-11 Lifescan, Inc. Test strip with an asymmetrical end insuring correct insertion for measuring
US5563031A (en) 1994-09-08 1996-10-08 Lifescan, Inc. Highly stable oxidative coupling dye for spectrophotometric determination of analytes
US6335203B1 (en) 1994-09-08 2002-01-01 Lifescan, Inc. Optically readable strip for analyte detection having on-strip orientation index
US6491870B2 (en) 1994-09-08 2002-12-10 Lifescan, Inc. Optically readable strip for analyte detection having on-strip orientation index
US5922530A (en) 1994-09-08 1999-07-13 Lifescan, Inc. Stable coupling dye for photometric determination of analytes
US5780304A (en) 1994-09-08 1998-07-14 Lifescan, Inc. Method and apparatus for analyte detection having on-strip standard
US5527333A (en) 1994-09-09 1996-06-18 Graphic Controls Corporation Slicing disposable blood sampling device
USD373419S (en) 1994-09-12 1996-09-03 Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. Sphygmomanometer
US5683562A (en) 1994-09-14 1997-11-04 Avl Medical Instruments Ag Planar sensor for determining a chemical parameter of a sample
US5624537A (en) 1994-09-20 1997-04-29 The University Of British Columbia - University-Industry Liaison Office Biosensor and interface membrane
US5498542A (en) 1994-09-29 1996-03-12 Bayer Corporation Electrode mediators for regeneration of NADH and NADPH
US5618297A (en) 1994-10-13 1997-04-08 Applied Medical Resources Obturator with internal tip protector
US5800781A (en) 1994-10-21 1998-09-01 International Technidyne Corporation Blood sampling device
US6729546B2 (en) * 1994-10-26 2004-05-04 Symbol Technologies, Inc. System for reading two-dimensional images using ambient and/or projected light
US5611809A (en) 1994-11-04 1997-03-18 Owen Mumford Limited Needle devices for medical use
US5858804A (en) 1994-11-10 1999-01-12 Sarnoff Corporation Immunological assay conducted in a microlaboratory array
US5599501A (en) 1994-11-10 1997-02-04 Ciba Corning Diagnostics Corp. Incubation chamber
US5628765A (en) 1994-11-29 1997-05-13 Apls Co., Ltd. Lancet assembly
US5755733A (en) 1994-11-29 1998-05-26 Apls Co., Ltd. Lancet assembly
US6811792B2 (en) 1994-12-02 2004-11-02 Quadrant Drug Delivery Ltd. Solid dose delivery vehicle and methods of making same
US5947957A (en) 1994-12-23 1999-09-07 Jmar Technology Co. Portable laser for blood sampling
US5879373A (en) 1994-12-24 1999-03-09 Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh System and method for the determination of tissue properties
US5616135A (en) 1995-01-10 1997-04-01 Specialized Health Products, Inc. Self retracting medical needle apparatus and methods
US5575403A (en) 1995-01-13 1996-11-19 Bayer Corporation Dispensing instrument for fluid monitoring sensors
US5630986A (en) 1995-01-13 1997-05-20 Bayer Corporation Dispensing instrument for fluid monitoring sensors
US5738244A (en) 1995-01-13 1998-04-14 Bayer Corporation Dispensing instrument for fluid monitoring sensors
USD367109S (en) 1995-01-24 1996-02-13 Lifescan, Inc. Test strip holder
US5624459A (en) 1995-01-26 1997-04-29 Symbiosis Corporation Trocar having an improved cutting tip configuration
US5788651A (en) 1995-01-26 1998-08-04 Weilandt; Anders Instrument and apparatus for biopsy
US5976085A (en) 1995-01-27 1999-11-02 Optical Sensors Incorporated In situ calibration system for sensors located in a physiologic line
US6153069A (en) 1995-02-09 2000-11-28 Tall Oak Ventures Apparatus for amperometric Diagnostic analysis
US6413411B1 (en) 1995-02-09 2002-07-02 Tall Oak Ventures Method and apparatus for amperometric diagnostic analysis
EP0730037B1 (en) 1995-02-28 2001-12-12 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor containing pyranose oxidase
US5643308A (en) 1995-02-28 1997-07-01 Markman; Barry Stephen Method and apparatus for forming multiple cavities for placement of hair grafts
US5854074A (en) 1995-03-14 1998-12-29 Bayer Corporation Dispensing instrument for fluid monitoring sensors
US5650062A (en) 1995-03-17 1997-07-22 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor, and a method and a device for quantifying a substrate in a sample liquid using the same
US5582697A (en) 1995-03-17 1996-12-10 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor, and a method and a device for quantifying a substrate in a sample liquid using the same
US5628764A (en) 1995-03-21 1997-05-13 Schraga; Steven Collar lancet device
US5882494A (en) 1995-03-27 1999-03-16 Minimed, Inc. Polyurethane/polyurea compositions containing silicone for biosensor membranes
EP0817809B1 (en) 1995-03-27 2002-07-31 Medtronic MiniMed, Inc. Homogenous polymer compositions containing silicone for biosensor membranes
US5719034A (en) 1995-03-27 1998-02-17 Lifescan, Inc. Chemical timer for a visual test strip
US6462162B2 (en) 1995-03-27 2002-10-08 Minimed Inc. Hydrophilic, swellable coatings for biosensors
US6784274B2 (en) 1995-03-27 2004-08-31 Minimed Inc. Hydrophilic, swellable coatings for biosensors
US5569286A (en) 1995-03-29 1996-10-29 Becton Dickinson And Company Lancet assembly
US5846216A (en) 1995-04-06 1998-12-08 G & P Technologies, Inc. Mucous membrane infusor and method of use for dispensing medications
EP0736607B1 (en) 1995-04-07 2001-08-01 Kyoto Daiichi Kagaku Co., Ltd. Sensor and production method of and measurement method using the same
US5720862A (en) 1995-04-07 1998-02-24 Kyoto Daiichi Kagaku Co., Ltd. Sensor and production method of and measurement method using the same
USD371198S (en) 1995-04-10 1996-06-25 Lifescan, Inc. Blood glucose meter
US5632410A (en) 1995-04-17 1997-05-27 Bayer Corporation Means of handling multiple sensors in a glucose monitoring instrument system
US5795725A (en) 1995-04-18 1998-08-18 Biosite Diagnostics Incorporated Methods for the assay of troponin I and T and selection of antibodies for use in immunoassays
US5911937A (en) 1995-04-19 1999-06-15 Capitol Specialty Plastics, Inc. Desiccant entrained polymer
US5653863A (en) 1995-05-05 1997-08-05 Bayer Corporation Method for reducing bias in amperometric sensors
US5620579A (en) 1995-05-05 1997-04-15 Bayer Corporation Apparatus for reduction of bias in amperometric sensors
US5510266A (en) 1995-05-05 1996-04-23 Bayer Corporation Method and apparatus of handling multiple sensors in a glucose monitoring instrument system
US5798030A (en) 1995-05-17 1998-08-25 Australian Membrane And Biotechnology Research Institute Biosensor membranes
USD378612S (en) 1995-05-23 1997-03-25 Lifescan, Inc. Blood glucose meter
US5891053A (en) 1995-05-25 1999-04-06 Kabushiki Kaisya Advance Blood-collecting device
US5695947A (en) 1995-06-06 1997-12-09 Biomedix, Inc. Amperometric cholesterol biosensor
US5571132A (en) 1995-06-06 1996-11-05 International Technidyne Corporation Self activated finger lancet
US5755228A (en) 1995-06-07 1998-05-26 Hologic, Inc. Equipment and method for calibration and quality assurance of an ultrasonic bone anaylsis apparatus
US5647851A (en) 1995-06-12 1997-07-15 Pokras; Norman M. Method and apparatus for vibrating an injection device
US6018289A (en) 1995-06-15 2000-01-25 Sekura; Ronald D. Prescription compliance device and method of using device
US7608175B2 (en) 1995-06-19 2009-10-27 Lifescan, Inc. Electrochemical cell
US7604722B2 (en) 1995-06-19 2009-10-20 Lifescan, Inc. Electrochemical cell
US5707384A (en) 1995-06-26 1998-01-13 Teramecs Co., Ltd. Lancet device for obtaining blood samples
US5922591A (en) 1995-06-29 1999-07-13 Affymetrix, Inc. Integrated nucleic acid diagnostic device
US5957846A (en) 1995-06-29 1999-09-28 Teratech Corporation Portable ultrasound imaging system
US5856174A (en) 1995-06-29 1999-01-05 Affymetrix, Inc. Integrated nucleic acid diagnostic device
EP0847447B1 (en) 1995-07-05 1999-11-10 Saicom S.R.L. Electrochemical biosensors and process for their preparation
US6037178A (en) 1995-07-17 2000-03-14 Avl Medical Instruments Ag Method for quality control of an analyzing system
US6149203A (en) 1995-07-26 2000-11-21 Lifescan, Inc. Tamper-evident closure seal
US5730753A (en) 1995-07-28 1998-03-24 Apls Co., Ltd. Assembly for adjusting pricking depth of lancet
US5705045A (en) 1995-08-29 1998-01-06 Lg Electronics Inc. Multi-biosensor for GPT and got activity
US5827181A (en) 1995-09-07 1998-10-27 Hewlett-Packard Co. Noninvasive blood chemistry measurement method and system
US5860922A (en) 1995-09-07 1999-01-19 Technion Research And Development Foundation Ltd. Determining blood flow by measurement of temperature
US6203504B1 (en) 1995-09-08 2001-03-20 Integ, Inc. Enhanced interstitial fluid collection
US5823973A (en) 1995-09-08 1998-10-20 Integ, Inc. Needle assembly for fluid sampler
US5682233A (en) 1995-09-08 1997-10-28 Integ, Inc. Interstitial fluid sampler
US5729905A (en) 1995-09-11 1998-03-24 Dwayne L. Mason Foot measuring apparatus and circuitry to eliminate multiplexes and demultiplexers
US5935075A (en) 1995-09-20 1999-08-10 Texas Heart Institute Detecting thermal discrepancies in vessel walls
WO1997011883A1 (en) 1995-09-26 1997-04-03 Bilwinco A/S A packaging machine and a method for packaging units in portions
US5691898A (en) 1995-09-27 1997-11-25 Immersion Human Interface Corp. Safe and low cost computer peripherals with force feedback for consumer applications
US5628890A (en) 1995-09-27 1997-05-13 Medisense, Inc. Electrochemical sensor
US20010017269A1 (en) 1995-10-11 2001-08-30 Therasense, Inc. Electrochemical analyte sensors using thermostable soybean peroxidase
US5972199A (en) 1995-10-11 1999-10-26 E. Heller & Company Electrochemical analyte sensors using thermostable peroxidase
US5789255A (en) 1995-10-17 1998-08-04 Lifescan, Inc. Blood glucose strip having reduced sensitivity to hematocrit
US5584846A (en) 1995-10-27 1996-12-17 International Technidyne Corporation Low cost disposable lancet
US7189576B2 (en) 1995-10-30 2007-03-13 Arkray Inc. Method for measuring substance and testing piece
US6521110B1 (en) 1995-11-16 2003-02-18 Lifescan, Inc. Electrochemical cell
US20040206636A1 (en) 1995-11-16 2004-10-21 Hodges Alastair Mcindoe Electrochemical cell
US20040026244A1 (en) 1995-11-16 2004-02-12 Lifescan, Inc. Antioxidant sensor
US6863801B2 (en) 1995-11-16 2005-03-08 Lifescan, Inc. Electrochemical cell
US6638415B1 (en) 1995-11-16 2003-10-28 Lifescan, Inc. Antioxidant sensor
US20060254932A1 (en) 1995-11-16 2006-11-16 Lifescan, Inc. Electrochemical cell
US7431814B2 (en) 1995-11-16 2008-10-07 Lifescan, Inc. Electrochemical cell
US6221023B1 (en) 1995-12-01 2001-04-24 Kabushiki Kaisha Tokai Rika Denki Seisakusho Sensor for intra-corporeal medical device and a method of manufacture
US6032059A (en) 1995-12-19 2000-02-29 Abbott Laboratories Device for the detection of analyte and administration of a therapeutic substance
US6014577A (en) 1995-12-19 2000-01-11 Abbot Laboratories Device for the detection of analyte and administration of a therapeutic substance
US6299578B1 (en) 1995-12-28 2001-10-09 Cygnus, Inc. Methods for monitoring a physiological analyte
US6309351B1 (en) 1995-12-28 2001-10-30 Cygnus, Inc. Methods for monitoring a physiological analyte
US6808937B2 (en) 1996-01-11 2004-10-26 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Displacement assay on a porous membrane
US5662127A (en) 1996-01-17 1997-09-02 Bio-Plas, Inc. Self-contained blood withdrawal apparatus and method
US5770086A (en) 1996-01-25 1998-06-23 Eureka| Science Corp. Methods and apparatus using hydrogels
US6210421B1 (en) 1996-02-06 2001-04-03 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Cutting device for skin for obtaining small blood samples in almost pain-free manner
US5997561A (en) 1996-02-06 1999-12-07 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Skin cutter for painless extraction of small blood amounts
US5916229A (en) 1996-02-07 1999-06-29 Evans; Donald Rotating needle biopsy device and method
USD383550S (en) 1996-02-09 1997-09-09 Lifescan, Inc. Reagent test strip
US5840020A (en) 1996-02-12 1998-11-24 Nokia Mobile Phones, Ltd. Monitoring method and a monitoring equipment
US5772586A (en) 1996-02-12 1998-06-30 Nokia Mobile Phones, Ltd. Method for monitoring the health of a patient
US5951836A (en) 1996-02-14 1999-09-14 Selfcare, Inc. Disposable glucose test strip and method and compositions for making same
US5605837A (en) 1996-02-14 1997-02-25 Lifescan, Inc. Control solution for a blood glucose monitor
EP0880692B1 (en) 1996-02-14 2004-01-07 Diabetes Diagnostics, Inc. Disposable test strips for determination of blood analytes, and methods for making same
US5708247A (en) 1996-02-14 1998-01-13 Selfcare, Inc. Disposable glucose test strips, and methods and compositions for making same
US6241862B1 (en) 1996-02-14 2001-06-05 Inverness Medical Technology, Inc. Disposable test strips with integrated reagent/blood separation layer
US5916156A (en) 1996-02-15 1999-06-29 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Electrochemical sensors having improved selectivity and enhanced sensitivity
USD392391S (en) 1996-02-23 1998-03-17 Mercury Diagnostics Inc. Disposable blood testing device
US5869972A (en) 1996-02-26 1999-02-09 Birch; Brian Jeffrey Testing device using a thermochromic display and method of using same
US5890128A (en) 1996-03-04 1999-03-30 Diaz; H. Benjamin Personalized hand held calorie computer (ECC)
USD379516S (en) 1996-03-04 1997-05-27 Bayer Corporation Lancet
US6547954B2 (en) 1996-03-12 2003-04-15 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor and method for quantitating biochemical substrate using the same
EP0795748B1 (en) 1996-03-12 2002-08-14 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor and method for quantitating biochemical substrate using the same
US5922188A (en) 1996-03-12 1999-07-13 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor and method for quantitating biochemical substrate using the same
EP0795601B1 (en) 1996-03-13 2004-06-30 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor
US5958199A (en) 1996-03-13 1999-09-28 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor
US5643306A (en) 1996-03-22 1997-07-01 Stat Medical Devices Inc. Disposable lancet
US5801057A (en) 1996-03-22 1998-09-01 Smart; Wilson H. Microsampling device and method of construction
US5723284A (en) 1996-04-01 1998-03-03 Bayer Corporation Control solution and method for testing the performance of an electrochemical device for determining the concentration of an analyte in blood
US6126899A (en) 1996-04-03 2000-10-03 The Perkins-Elmer Corporation Device for multiple analyte detection
US6825047B1 (en) 1996-04-03 2004-11-30 Applera Corporation Device and method for multiple analyte detection
US5753452A (en) 1996-04-04 1998-05-19 Lifescan, Inc. Reagent test strip for blood glucose determination
US5972294A (en) 1996-04-04 1999-10-26 Lifescan, Inc. Reagent test strip for determination of blood glucose
US6818180B2 (en) 1996-04-05 2004-11-16 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Devices for testing for the presence and/or concentration of an analyte in a body fluid
US6242207B1 (en) 1996-04-05 2001-06-05 Amira Medical Diagnostic compositions and devices utilizing same
US5959098A (en) 1996-04-17 1999-09-28 Affymetrix, Inc. Substrate preparation process
US5630828A (en) 1996-04-17 1997-05-20 International Techndyne Corporation Low cost disposable lancet
US5735868A (en) 1996-05-01 1998-04-07 Lee; Young H. Intramuscular stimulator
US20020002344A1 (en) 1996-05-17 2002-01-03 Douglas Joel S. Methods and apparatus for sampling and analyzing body fluid
US6183489B1 (en) 1996-05-17 2001-02-06 Amira Medical Disposable element for use in a body fluid sampling device
US6099484A (en) 1996-05-17 2000-08-08 Amira Medical Methods and apparatus for sampling and analyzing body fluid
US20040162506A1 (en) 1996-05-17 2004-08-19 Duchon Brent G. Body fluid sampling device and methods of use
US6319210B1 (en) 1996-05-17 2001-11-20 Amira Medical Methods and apparatus for expressing body fluid from an incision
US6352514B1 (en) 1996-05-17 2002-03-05 Amira Medical Methods and apparatus for sampling and analyzing body fluid
US20050010134A1 (en) 1996-05-17 2005-01-13 Douglas Joel S. Blood and interstitial fluid sampling device
US7247144B2 (en) 1996-05-17 2007-07-24 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Methods and apparatus for sampling and analyzing body fluid
US20070093728A1 (en) 1996-05-17 2007-04-26 Douglas Joel S Blood and interstitial fluid sampling device
US5857983A (en) 1996-05-17 1999-01-12 Mercury Diagnostics, Inc. Methods and apparatus for sampling body fluid
US6332871B1 (en) 1996-05-17 2001-12-25 Amira Medical Blood and interstitial fluid sampling device
US20080015425A1 (en) 1996-05-17 2008-01-17 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Methods and apparatus for sampling and analyzing body fluid
US7235056B2 (en) 1996-05-17 2007-06-26 Amira Medical Body fluid sampling device and methods of use
US5951492A (en) 1996-05-17 1999-09-14 Mercury Diagnostics, Inc. Methods and apparatus for sampling and analyzing body fluid
US6793633B2 (en) 1996-05-17 2004-09-21 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Blood and interstitial fluid sampling device
US20040006285A1 (en) 1996-05-17 2004-01-08 Douglas Joel S. Methods and apparatus for sampling and analyzing body fluid
US5824491A (en) 1996-05-17 1998-10-20 Mercury Diagnostics, Inc. Dry reagent test strip comprising benzidine dye precursor and antipyrine compound
US5879311A (en) 1996-05-17 1999-03-09 Mercury Diagnostics, Inc. Body fluid sampling device and methods of use
US5733300A (en) 1996-05-23 1998-03-31 Array Medical, Inc. Single use, bi-directional linear motion lancet
US5662672A (en) 1996-05-23 1997-09-02 Array Medical, Inc. Single use, bi-directional linear motion lancet
US6221238B1 (en) 1996-05-24 2001-04-24 Ufz-Umweltforschungszentrum Leipzig-Halle Gmbh Enzymatic-electrochemical one-shot affinity sensor for the quantitative determination of analytes for aqueous media and affinity assay
USD381591S (en) 1996-05-31 1997-07-29 Lifescan, Inc. Visual test strip
US5613978A (en) 1996-06-04 1997-03-25 Palco Laboratories Adjustable tip for lancet device
US5660791A (en) 1996-06-06 1997-08-26 Bayer Corporation Fluid testing sensor for use in dispensing instrument
US5810199A (en) 1996-06-10 1998-09-22 Bayer Corporation Dispensing instrument for fluid monitoring sensor
US20030106810A1 (en) 1996-06-17 2003-06-12 Douglas Joel S. Electrochemical test device and related methods
US6230051B1 (en) 1996-06-18 2001-05-08 Alza Corporation Device for enhancing transdermal agent delivery or sampling
US6219574B1 (en) 1996-06-18 2001-04-17 Alza Corporation Device and method for enchancing transdermal sampling
US6537264B1 (en) 1996-06-18 2003-03-25 Alza Corp Device and method for enhancing transdermal flux of agents being sampled
US6413410B1 (en) 1996-06-19 2002-07-02 Lifescan, Inc. Electrochemical cell
US5983193A (en) 1996-06-19 1999-11-09 Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd. Patient's nursing apparatus and nursing system
US6447265B1 (en) 1996-06-26 2002-09-10 The University Of Pittsburgh Magnetically suspended miniature fluid pump and method of designing the same
US5835570A (en) 1996-06-26 1998-11-10 At&T Corp Voice-directed telephone directory with voice access to directory assistance
US5795774A (en) 1996-07-10 1998-08-18 Nec Corporation Biosensor
US5758643A (en) 1996-07-29 1998-06-02 Via Medical Corporation Method and apparatus for monitoring blood chemistry
EP0823239A2 (en) 1996-08-05 1998-02-11 Becton, Dickinson and Company Bi-level charge pulse apparatus to facilitate nerve location during peropheral nerve block procedures
US5733085A (en) 1996-08-06 1998-03-31 Illinois Tool Works, Inc. Fastener assembly and adhesive composition
US5736103A (en) 1996-08-09 1998-04-07 Lifescan, Inc. Remote-dosing analyte concentration meter
US6099802A (en) 1996-08-09 2000-08-08 Lifescan, Inc. Hollow frustum reagent test device
US5846486A (en) 1996-08-09 1998-12-08 Lifescan, Inc. Hollow frustum reagent test device
US5753429A (en) 1996-08-09 1998-05-19 Lifescan, Inc. Analyte concentration measurement using a hollow frustum
US6447119B1 (en) * 1996-08-12 2002-09-10 Visionrx, Inc. Apparatus for visualizing the eye's tear film
US6030967A (en) 1996-08-20 2000-02-29 Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd. Naphtholactams and lactones as bone morphogenetic protein active agents
US5880829A (en) 1996-09-02 1999-03-09 Nokia Mobile Phones Limited Apparatus for taking and analysing liquid samples, such as blood samples
US6136013A (en) 1996-09-18 2000-10-24 Owen Mumford Limited Lancet device
US5797942A (en) 1996-09-23 1998-08-25 Schraga; Steven Re-usable end cap for re-usable lancet devices for removing and disposing of a contaminated lancet
US5772677A (en) 1996-09-24 1998-06-30 International Technidyne Corporation Incision device capable of automatic assembly and a method of assembly
US5782852A (en) 1996-09-27 1998-07-21 International Technidyne Corporation Plastic incision blade
US5714123A (en) 1996-09-30 1998-02-03 Lifescan, Inc. Protective shield for a blood glucose strip
US5776157A (en) 1996-10-02 1998-07-07 Specialized Health Products, Inc. Lancet apparatus and methods
US5714390A (en) 1996-10-15 1998-02-03 Bio-Tech Imaging, Inc. Cartridge test system for the collection and testing of blood in a single step
US5942189A (en) 1996-10-16 1999-08-24 Avl Medical Instruments Ag Luminescence-optical method and sensor layer for quantitative determination of at least one chemical component of a gaseous or liquid sample
US6046055A (en) 1996-10-16 2000-04-04 Avl Medical Instruments Ag Luminescence-optical method and sensor layer for quantitative determination of at least one chemical component of a gaseous or liquid sample
US5893848A (en) 1996-10-24 1999-04-13 Plc Medical Systems, Inc. Gauging system for monitoring channel depth in percutaneous endocardial revascularization
US5873887A (en) 1996-10-25 1999-02-23 Bayer Corporation Blood sampling device
US7347973B2 (en) 1996-10-30 2008-03-25 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Synchronized analyte testing system
US5856195A (en) 1996-10-30 1999-01-05 Bayer Corporation Method and apparatus for calibrating a sensor element
US5872713A (en) 1996-10-30 1999-02-16 Mercury Diagnostics, Inc. Synchronized analyte testing system
US6272359B1 (en) 1996-10-31 2001-08-07 Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd. Personal mobile communications device having multiple units
US7160678B1 (en) 1996-11-05 2007-01-09 Clinical Micro Sensors, Inc. Compositions for the electronic detection of analytes utilizing monolayers
US6309535B1 (en) 1996-11-07 2001-10-30 Cambridge Sensors Limited Electrodes and their use in assays
US5855377A (en) 1996-11-13 1999-01-05 Murphy; William G. Dead length collect chuck assembly
US6632349B1 (en) 1996-11-15 2003-10-14 Lifescan, Inc. Hemoglobin sensor
US5892569A (en) 1996-11-22 1999-04-06 Jozef F. Van de Velde Scanning laser ophthalmoscope optimized for retinal microphotocoagulation
US5899915A (en) 1996-12-02 1999-05-04 Angiotrax, Inc. Apparatus and method for intraoperatively performing surgery
US6251121B1 (en) 1996-12-02 2001-06-26 Angiotrax, Inc. Apparatus and methods for intraoperatively performing surgery
US6837858B2 (en) 1996-12-06 2005-01-04 Abbott Laboratories Method and apparatus for obtaining blood for diagnostic tests
US6283926B1 (en) 1996-12-06 2001-09-04 Abbott Laboratories Method and apparatus for obtaining blood for diagnostic tests
US6206841B1 (en) 1996-12-06 2001-03-27 Abbott Laboratories Method and apparatus for obtaining blood for diagnostic tests
US6071251A (en) 1996-12-06 2000-06-06 Abbott Laboratories Method and apparatus for obtaining blood for diagnostic tests
US6071249A (en) 1996-12-06 2000-06-06 Abbott Laboratories Method and apparatus for obtaining blood for diagnostic tests
US20020169393A1 (en) 1996-12-06 2002-11-14 Cunningham David D. Method and apparatus for obtaining blood for diagnostic tests
US20010031931A1 (en) 1996-12-06 2001-10-18 Cunningham David D. Method and apparatus for obtaining blood for diagnostic tests
US6027459A (en) 1996-12-06 2000-02-22 Abbott Laboratories Method and apparatus for obtaining blood for diagnostic tests
US6306104B1 (en) 1996-12-06 2001-10-23 Abbott Laboratories Method and apparatus for obtaining blood for diagnostic tests
US6093156A (en) 1996-12-06 2000-07-25 Abbott Laboratories Method and apparatus for obtaining blood for diagnostic tests
US6063039A (en) 1996-12-06 2000-05-16 Abbott Laboratories Method and apparatus for obtaining blood for diagnostic tests
US5866353A (en) 1996-12-09 1999-02-02 Bayer Corporation Electro chemical biosensor containing diazacyanine mediator for co-enzyme regeneration
US6214626B1 (en) 1996-12-19 2001-04-10 Dade Behring Marburg Gmbh Apparatus (cuvette) for taking up and storing liquids and for carrying out optical measurements
US6177931B1 (en) 1996-12-19 2001-01-23 Index Systems, Inc. Systems and methods for displaying and recording control interface with television programs, video, advertising information and program scheduling information
US5985116A (en) 1996-12-24 1999-11-16 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor
EP0851224B1 (en) 1996-12-24 2002-03-27 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor with C-shaped counter electrode
US5938635A (en) 1996-12-30 1999-08-17 Kuhle; William G. Biopsy needle with flared tip
USD392740S (en) 1996-12-31 1998-03-24 Lifescan, Inc. Blood glucose monitoring system
US5876957A (en) 1997-01-09 1999-03-02 Mercury Diagnostics, Inc. Methods for applying a reagent to an analytical test device
US6379301B1 (en) 1997-01-10 2002-04-30 Health Hero Network, Inc. Diabetes management system and method for controlling blood glucose
US6289254B1 (en) 1997-01-24 2001-09-11 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Parts selection apparatus and parts selection system with CAD function
USD418602S (en) 1997-01-24 2000-01-04 Abbott Laboratories Measuring instrument for analysis of blood constituents
US6077408A (en) 1997-01-31 2000-06-20 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor and method of manufacturing the same
EP0856586B1 (en) 1997-01-31 2002-05-02 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor and method of manufacturing the same
US20070142776A9 (en) 1997-02-05 2007-06-21 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Insertion device for an insertion set and method of using the same
US20080277293A1 (en) 1997-02-06 2008-11-13 Therasense, Inc. Small Volume In Vitro Analyte Sensor
US6143164A (en) 1997-02-06 2000-11-07 E. Heller & Company Small volume in vitro analyte sensor
US20030201194A1 (en) 1997-02-06 2003-10-30 Therasense, Inc. Small volume in vitro analyte sensor
US6551494B1 (en) 1997-02-06 2003-04-22 Therasense, Inc. Small volume in vitro analyte sensor
US7335294B2 (en) 1997-02-06 2008-02-26 Abbott Diabetes Care, Inc. Integrated lancing and measurement device and analyte measuring methods
US20080277294A1 (en) 1997-02-06 2008-11-13 Therasense, Inc Small Volume In Vitro Analyte Sensor
US20080017522A1 (en) 1997-02-06 2008-01-24 Therasense, Inc. Integrated Lancing and Measurement Device
US6120676A (en) 1997-02-06 2000-09-19 Therasense, Inc. Method of using a small volume in vitro analyte sensor
US6576101B1 (en) * 1997-02-06 2003-06-10 Therasense, Inc. Small volume in vitro analyte sensor
US20080277292A1 (en) 1997-02-06 2008-11-13 Therasense, Inc. Small Volume In Vitro Analyte Sensor
US6607658B1 (en) 1997-02-06 2003-08-19 Therasense, Inc. Integrated lancing and measurement device and analyte measuring methods
US20080277291A1 (en) 1997-02-06 2008-11-13 Therasense, Inc. Small Volume In Vitro Analyte Sensor
US5830219A (en) 1997-02-24 1998-11-03 Trex Medical Corporation Apparatus for holding and driving a surgical cutting device using stereotactic mammography guidance
US5997818A (en) 1997-02-27 1999-12-07 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Cassette for tonometric calibration
US6102933A (en) 1997-02-28 2000-08-15 The Regents Of The University Of California Release mechanism utilizing shape memory polymer material
US6159147A (en) 1997-02-28 2000-12-12 Qrs Diagnostics, Llc Personal computer card for collection of real-time biological data
US6059815A (en) 1997-02-28 2000-05-09 The Regents Of The University Of California Microfabricated therapeutic actuators and release mechanisms therefor
US6103509A (en) 1997-03-03 2000-08-15 Lifescan Inc. Modified glucose dehydrogenase
US6119033A (en) 1997-03-04 2000-09-12 Biotrack, Inc. Method of monitoring a location of an area of interest within a patient during a medical procedure
US6001067A (en) 1997-03-04 1999-12-14 Shults; Mark C. Device and method for determining analyte levels
US6731966B1 (en) 1997-03-04 2004-05-04 Zachary S. Spigelman Systems and methods for targeting a lesion
US6833540B2 (en) 1997-03-07 2004-12-21 Abbott Laboratories System for measuring a biological parameter by means of photoacoustic interaction
US20060201804A1 (en) 1997-03-21 2006-09-14 Lifescan, Inc. Sensor connection means
USD393717S (en) 1997-03-21 1998-04-21 Bayer Corporation Lancet endcap pointer
US7045046B2 (en) 1997-03-21 2006-05-16 Lifescan, Inc. Sensor connection means
USD393716S (en) 1997-03-24 1998-04-21 Bayer Corporation Lancet endcap
US5788652A (en) 1997-03-24 1998-08-04 S&H Diagnostics, Inc. Blood sample collection device
US7041210B2 (en) 1997-03-25 2006-05-09 Lifescan, Inc. Method of filling an amperometric cell
US6592744B1 (en) 1997-03-25 2003-07-15 Lifescan, Inc. Method of filling an amperometric cell
US20060163061A1 (en) 1997-03-25 2006-07-27 Lifescan, Inc. Method of filling an amperometric cell
US6245060B1 (en) 1997-03-25 2001-06-12 Abbott Laboratories Removal of stratum corneum by means of light
US5961451A (en) 1997-04-07 1999-10-05 Motorola, Inc. Noninvasive apparatus having a retaining member to retain a removable biosensor
US5876351A (en) 1997-04-10 1999-03-02 Mitchell Rohde Portable modular diagnostic medical device
EP0872728B1 (en) 1997-04-14 2002-07-17 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor with divalent metallic salt
US5897569A (en) 1997-04-16 1999-04-27 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Ultrasonic generator with supervisory control circuitry
US5886056A (en) 1997-04-25 1999-03-23 Exxon Research And Engineering Company Rapid injection process and apparatus for producing synthesis gas (law 560)
US5759364A (en) 1997-05-02 1998-06-02 Bayer Corporation Electrochemical biosensor
US6285448B1 (en) 1997-05-05 2001-09-04 J. Todd Kuenstner Clinical analyte determination by infrared spectroscopy
EP0878708B1 (en) 1997-05-12 2005-04-13 Bayer Corporation Electrochemical Biosensor having a lid
US5798031A (en) 1997-05-12 1998-08-25 Bayer Corporation Electrochemical biosensor
US6060327A (en) 1997-05-14 2000-05-09 Keensense, Inc. Molecular wire injection sensors
US20040157319A1 (en) 1997-05-14 2004-08-12 Keensense, Inc. Molecular wire injection sensors
US5968063A (en) 1997-05-14 1999-10-19 Jennifer Chu Intramuscular stimulation therapy facilitating device and method
US6071250A (en) 1997-05-16 2000-06-06 Amira Medical Methods and apparatus for expressing body fluid from an incision
US5951493A (en) 1997-05-16 1999-09-14 Mercury Diagnostics, Inc. Methods and apparatus for expressing body fluid from an incision
US6421633B1 (en) 1997-05-30 2002-07-16 Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd Diabetes management
US6080172A (en) 1997-05-30 2000-06-27 Nec Corporation Device for stabbing a corneum layer
US5797940A (en) 1997-05-30 1998-08-25 International Technidyne Corporation Adjustable skin incision device
US6436256B1 (en) 1997-06-04 2002-08-20 Cambridge Sensors Limited Electrodes for the measurement of analytes in small sample volumes
US6030399A (en) 1997-06-04 2000-02-29 Spectrx, Inc. Fluid jet blood sampling device and methods
US6177000B1 (en) 1997-06-14 2001-01-23 Coventry University Biosensor comprising a lipid membrane containing gated ion channels
US6275717B1 (en) 1997-06-16 2001-08-14 Elan Corporation, Plc Device and method of calibrating and testing a sensor for in vivo measurement of an analyte
US5916230A (en) 1997-06-16 1999-06-29 Bayer Corporation Blood sampling device with adjustable end cap
USD403975S (en) 1997-06-17 1999-01-12 Mercury Diagnostics, Inc. Test strip device
US5900130A (en) 1997-06-18 1999-05-04 Alcara Biosciences, Inc. Method for sample injection in microchannel device
US6159424A (en) 1997-06-19 2000-12-12 Nokia Mobile Phones, Ltd. Apparatus for taking samples
US6334363B1 (en) 1997-06-23 2002-01-01 Innothera Topic International Device for measuring pressure points to be applied by a compressive orthotic device
US6168957B1 (en) 1997-06-25 2001-01-02 Lifescan, Inc. Diagnostic test strip having on-strip calibration
US6251344B1 (en) 1997-06-27 2001-06-26 Quantum Group, Inc. Air quality chamber: relative humidity and contamination controlled systems
US20010042004A1 (en) 1997-07-02 2001-11-15 Taub Herman P. Methods, systems and apparatuses for matching individuals with behavioral requirements and for managing providers of services to evaluate or increase individuals' behavioral capabilities
US5746761A (en) 1997-07-03 1998-05-05 Arkadiy Turchin Disposable lancet for finger/heel stick
US5776719A (en) 1997-07-07 1998-07-07 Mercury Diagnostics, Inc. Diagnostic compositions and devices utilizing same
US6812031B1 (en) 1997-07-09 2004-11-02 Senzime Point Of Care Ab Regeneration of biosensors
US5857967A (en) 1997-07-09 1999-01-12 Hewlett-Packard Company Universally accessible healthcare devices with on the fly generation of HTML files
US6033421A (en) 1997-07-11 2000-03-07 Scott Marsh Theiss Tattoo machine
US6440645B1 (en) 1997-07-18 2002-08-27 Cambridge Sensors Limited Production of microstructures for use in assays
US6074360A (en) 1997-07-21 2000-06-13 Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh Electromagnetic transdermal injection device and methods related thereto
US6827829B2 (en) 1997-07-22 2004-12-07 Kyoto Daiichi Kagaku Co., Ltd. Test strip for a concentration measuring apparatus biosensor system
US6066243A (en) 1997-07-22 2000-05-23 Diametrics Medical, Inc. Portable immediate response medical analyzer having multiple testing modules
US6436721B1 (en) 1997-07-25 2002-08-20 Bayer Corporation Device and method for obtaining clinically significant analyte ratios
US6258254B1 (en) 1997-07-28 2001-07-10 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor
EP0894869B1 (en) 1997-07-28 2001-02-28 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor using a sodium salt as mediator
US6225078B1 (en) 1997-07-29 2001-05-01 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Method for quantitative measurement of a substrate
EP0901018B1 (en) 1997-07-29 2004-04-07 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Method for quantitative measurement of a substrate
EP0898936A2 (en) 1997-07-31 1999-03-03 Bayer Corporation Blood sampling device with lancet damping system
US5954738A (en) 1997-07-31 1999-09-21 Bayer Corporation Blood sampling device with lancet damping system
US5868772A (en) 1997-07-31 1999-02-09 Bayer Corporation Blood sampling device with anti-twist lancet holder
USD399566S (en) 1997-08-04 1998-10-13 Lifescan, Inc. Blood glucose meter
US5919711A (en) 1997-08-07 1999-07-06 Careside, Inc. Analytical cartridge
WO1999007431A1 (en) 1997-08-11 1999-02-18 Becton Dickinson And Company Catheter introducer
US6852212B2 (en) 1997-08-13 2005-02-08 Lifescan, Inc. Method and apparatus for automatic analysis
US20080146899A1 (en) 1997-08-14 2008-06-19 Ruchti Timothy L Method of sample control and calibration adjustment for use with a noninvasive analyzer
US20050014997A1 (en) 1997-08-14 2005-01-20 Ruchti Timothy L. Method of sample control and calibration adjustment for use with a noninvasive analyzer
US7233816B2 (en) 1997-08-14 2007-06-19 Sensys Medical, Inc. Optical sampling interface system for in vivo measurement of tissue
US6269314B1 (en) 1997-08-19 2001-07-31 Omron Corporation Blood sugar measuring device
US6070761A (en) 1997-08-22 2000-06-06 Deka Products Limited Partnership Vial loading method and apparatus for intelligent admixture and delivery of intravenous drugs
US6022748A (en) 1997-08-29 2000-02-08 Sandia Corporation - New Mexico Regents Of The University Of California Sol-gel matrices for direct colorimetric detection of analytes
US6764581B1 (en) 1997-09-05 2004-07-20 Abbott Laboratories Electrode with thin working layer
US6129823A (en) 1997-09-05 2000-10-10 Abbott Laboratories Low volume electrochemical sensor
US5829589A (en) 1997-09-12 1998-11-03 Becton Dickinson And Company Pen needle magazine dispenser
US6071391A (en) 1997-09-12 2000-06-06 Nok Corporation Enzyme electrode structure
US6066296A (en) 1997-09-23 2000-05-23 Array Medical, Inc. Sample addition, reagent application, and testing chamber
US6126804A (en) 1997-09-23 2000-10-03 The Regents Of The University Of California Integrated polymerase chain reaction/electrophoresis instrument
US5906921A (en) 1997-09-29 1999-05-25 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor and method for quantitative measurement of a substrate using the same
US6268161B1 (en) 1997-09-30 2001-07-31 M-Biotech, Inc. Biosensor
US6090078A (en) 1997-09-30 2000-07-18 Becton, Dickinson And Company Dampening devices and methods for needle retracting safety vascular access devices
US6258111B1 (en) 1997-10-03 2001-07-10 Scieran Technologies, Inc. Apparatus and method for performing ophthalmic procedures
US6191852B1 (en) 1997-10-14 2001-02-20 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Optical measurement system for detecting luminescence or fluorescence signals
US5938679A (en) 1997-10-14 1999-08-17 Hewlett-Packard Company Apparatus and method for minimally invasive blood sampling
US6519241B1 (en) 1997-10-15 2003-02-11 Nokia Mobile Phones Limited Mobile telephone for internet-applications
US6224617B1 (en) 1997-10-17 2001-05-01 Angiotrax, Inc. Methods and apparatus for defibrillating a heart refractory to electrical stimuli
US5931794A (en) 1997-10-21 1999-08-03 Pitesky; Isadore Allergy testing apparatus
US6086562A (en) 1997-10-27 2000-07-11 Sarcos, Inc. Disposable automatic injection device
US6295506B1 (en) 1997-10-27 2001-09-25 Nokia Mobile Phones Limited Measurement apparatus
US6080106A (en) 1997-10-28 2000-06-27 Alere Incorporated Patient interface system with a scale
US6117630A (en) 1997-10-30 2000-09-12 Motorola, Inc. Molecular detection apparatus and method
US6118126A (en) 1997-10-31 2000-09-12 Sarnoff Corporation Method for enhancing fluorescence
US6453810B1 (en) 1997-11-07 2002-09-24 Speedline Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for dispensing material in a printer
US20040204662A1 (en) 1997-11-21 2004-10-14 Perez Edward P. Methods and apparatus for expressing body fluid from an incision
USD411619S (en) 1997-11-21 1999-06-29 Mercury Diagnostics, Inc. Blood sampling lancet
US20030018300A1 (en) 1997-11-21 2003-01-23 Duchon Brent G. Body fluid sampling device
US6706000B2 (en) 1997-11-21 2004-03-16 Amira Medical Methods and apparatus for expressing body fluid from an incision
US6379317B1 (en) 1997-11-28 2002-04-30 Hans Kintzig Analytical measuring device with lancing device
US6155992A (en) 1997-12-02 2000-12-05 Abbott Laboratories Method and apparatus for obtaining interstitial fluid for diagnostic tests
US20040009100A1 (en) 1997-12-04 2004-01-15 Agilent Technologies, Inc. Cassette of lancet cartridges for sampling blood
US6036924A (en) * 1997-12-04 2000-03-14 Hewlett-Packard Company Cassette of lancet cartridges for sampling blood
US5871494A (en) 1997-12-04 1999-02-16 Hewlett-Packard Company Reproducible lancing for sampling blood
US5971941A (en) 1997-12-04 1999-10-26 Hewlett-Packard Company Integrated system and method for sampling blood and analysis
US6472220B1 (en) 1997-12-04 2002-10-29 Agilent Technologies, Inc. Method of using cassette of lancet cartridges for sampling blood
US6071294A (en) 1997-12-04 2000-06-06 Agilent Technologies, Inc. Lancet cartridge for sampling blood
US7238534B1 (en) 1997-12-04 2007-07-03 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Capillary active test element having an intermediate layer situated between the support and the covering
US20030100040A1 (en) 1997-12-05 2003-05-29 Therasense Inc. Blood analyte monitoring through subcutaneous measurement
US5997817A (en) 1997-12-05 1999-12-07 Roche Diagnostics Corporation Electrochemical biosensor test strip
US6270637B1 (en) 1997-12-05 2001-08-07 Roche Diagnostics Corporation Electrochemical biosensor test strip
DE29824204U1 (en) 1997-12-05 2000-09-21 Roche Diagnostics Corp Improved electrochemical biosensor test strip
US6579690B1 (en) 1997-12-05 2003-06-17 Therasense, Inc. Blood analyte monitoring through subcutaneous measurement
US6033866A (en) 1997-12-08 2000-03-07 Biomedix, Inc. Highly sensitive amperometric bi-mediator-based glucose biosensor
US5986754A (en) 1997-12-08 1999-11-16 Lifescan, Inc. Medical diagnostic apparatus using a Fresnel reflector
US6918901B1 (en) 1997-12-10 2005-07-19 Felix Theeuwes Device and method for enhancing transdermal agent flux
US6083196A (en) 1997-12-11 2000-07-04 Alza Corporation Device for enhancing transdermal agent flux
US6322808B1 (en) 1997-12-11 2001-11-27 Alza Corporation Device for enhancing transdermal agent flux
US6210369B1 (en) 1997-12-16 2001-04-03 Meridian Medical Technologies Inc. Automatic injector
US7338639B2 (en) 1997-12-22 2008-03-04 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. System and method for analyte measurement
US20040157338A1 (en) 1997-12-22 2004-08-12 Burke David W. System and method for determining a temperature during analyte measurement
US20080098802A1 (en) 1997-12-22 2008-05-01 Burke David W System and method for analyte measurement
US20040157339A1 (en) 1997-12-22 2004-08-12 Burke David W. System and method for analyte measurement using AC excitation
US6645368B1 (en) 1997-12-22 2003-11-11 Roche Diagnostics Corporation Meter and method of using the meter for determining the concentration of a component of a fluid
US6152875A (en) 1997-12-25 2000-11-28 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Glucose concentration measuring method and apparatus
US6527716B1 (en) 1997-12-30 2003-03-04 Altea Technologies, Inc. Microporation of tissue for delivery of bioactive agents
US20040220456A1 (en) 1997-12-30 2004-11-04 Altea Therapeutics Corporation Microporation of tissue for delivery of bioactive agents
US6022324A (en) 1998-01-02 2000-02-08 Skinner; Bruce A. J. Biopsy instrument
US20040236268A1 (en) 1998-01-08 2004-11-25 Sontra Medical, Inc. Method and apparatus for enhancement of transdermal transport
US6331163B1 (en) 1998-01-08 2001-12-18 Microsense Cardiovascular Systems (1196) Ltd. Protective coating for bodily sensor
DE29800611U1 (en) 1998-01-15 1998-06-10 Hipp Hannelore Surgical knife
US6488891B2 (en) 1998-01-21 2002-12-03 Bayer Corporation Optical sensor and method of operation
US6387709B1 (en) 1998-01-21 2002-05-14 Bayer Corporation Method of operating an optical sensor adapted for selective analyte-sensing contact with a plurality of samples
US6190612B1 (en) 1998-01-21 2001-02-20 Bayer Corporation Oxygen sensing membranes and methods of making same
US6306347B1 (en) 1998-01-21 2001-10-23 Bayer Corporation Optical sensor and method of operation
US6254831B1 (en) 1998-01-21 2001-07-03 Bayer Corporation Optical sensors with reflective materials
US6261245B1 (en) 1998-01-22 2001-07-17 Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha Body-fluid inspection device
US6030827A (en) 1998-01-23 2000-02-29 I-Stat Corporation Microfabricated aperture-based sensor
US20020099308A1 (en) 1998-02-17 2002-07-25 Bojan Peter M. Fluid collection and monitoring device
US6679841B2 (en) 1998-02-17 2004-01-20 Abbott Laboratories Fluid collection and monitoring device
US6193673B1 (en) 1998-02-20 2001-02-27 United States Surgical Corporation Biopsy instrument driver apparatus
US6843254B2 (en) 1998-02-24 2005-01-18 Robert Tapper Sensor controlled analysis and therapeutic delivery system
US6527778B2 (en) 1998-03-02 2003-03-04 The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Texas System Tissue penetrating device and methods for using same
US6261241B1 (en) 1998-03-03 2001-07-17 Senorx, Inc. Electrosurgical biopsy device and method
US6484046B1 (en) 1998-03-04 2002-11-19 Therasense, Inc. Electrochemical analyte sensor
US6103033A (en) 1998-03-04 2000-08-15 Therasense, Inc. Process for producing an electrochemical biosensor
US6134461A (en) 1998-03-04 2000-10-17 E. Heller & Company Electrochemical analyte
US20040158137A1 (en) 1998-03-06 2004-08-12 Eppstein Jonathan A. Integrated poration, harvesting and analysis device, and method therefor
US6508785B1 (en) 1998-03-06 2003-01-21 Spectrx, Inc. Method and apparatus for enhancing flux rates of a fluid in a microporated biological tissue
US6350273B1 (en) 1998-03-11 2002-02-26 Nec Corporation Corneum puncture needle
US6318970B1 (en) 1998-03-12 2001-11-20 Micralyne Inc. Fluidic devices
US6475360B1 (en) 1998-03-12 2002-11-05 Lifescan, Inc. Heated electrochemical cell
US6816742B2 (en) 1998-03-13 2004-11-09 Cygnus, Inc. Biosensor and methods of use thereof
US6587705B1 (en) 1998-03-13 2003-07-01 Lynn Kim Biosensor, iontophoretic sampling system, and methods of use thereof
US20040167383A1 (en) 1998-03-13 2004-08-26 Cygnus, Inc. Biosensor and methods of use thereof
US6736777B2 (en) 1998-03-13 2004-05-18 Cygnus, Inc. Biosensor, iontophoretic sampling system, and methods of use thereof
US6106751A (en) 1998-03-18 2000-08-22 The Regents Of The University Of California Method for fabricating needles via conformal deposition in two-piece molds
US7335292B2 (en) 1998-03-20 2008-02-26 Lifescan, Inc. Sensor with improved shelf life
US6085576A (en) 1998-03-20 2000-07-11 Cyrano Sciences, Inc. Handheld sensing apparatus
US6299596B1 (en) 1998-03-20 2001-10-09 Schneider (Usa) Inc. Method of bonding polymers and medical devices comprising materials bonded by said method
US20080121533A1 (en) 1998-03-20 2008-05-29 Lifescan, Inc. Sensor with improved shelf life
US20040069657A1 (en) 1998-03-20 2004-04-15 Lifescan, Inc. Sensor with improved shelf life
US6506165B1 (en) 1998-03-25 2003-01-14 The Provost, Fellows And Scholars Of The College Of The Holy And Undivided Trinity Of Queen Elizabeth Near Dublin Sample collection device
US6171325B1 (en) 1998-03-30 2001-01-09 Ganapati R. Mauze Apparatus and method for incising
US6176865B1 (en) 1998-03-30 2001-01-23 Agilent Technologies, Inc. Apparatus and method for incising
US6139562A (en) 1998-03-30 2000-10-31 Agilent Technologies, Inc. Apparatus and method for incising
GB2335860A (en) 1998-03-30 1999-10-06 Hewlett Packard Co Apparatus and method for incising
US20020042594A1 (en) 1998-03-30 2002-04-11 Paul Lum Apparatus and method for penetration with shaft having a sensor for sensing penetration depth
US6391005B1 (en) 1998-03-30 2002-05-21 Agilent Technologies, Inc. Apparatus and method for penetration with shaft having a sensor for sensing penetration depth
GB2335990A (en) * 1998-03-30 1999-10-06 Hewlett Packard Co Hypodermic needle having an impedance sensor for sensing penetration depth
US6091975A (en) 1998-04-01 2000-07-18 Alza Corporation Minimally invasive detecting device
US6790327B2 (en) 1998-04-02 2004-09-14 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Device and method for determining the concentration of a substrate
US5940153A (en) 1998-04-03 1999-08-17 Motorola, Inc. Display assembly having LCD and seal captured between interlocking lens cover and lightpipe
EP0951939B1 (en) 1998-04-24 2005-12-07 Roche Diagnostics GmbH Storage container for analytical test elements
EP0951939A2 (en) 1998-04-24 1999-10-27 Roche Diagnostics GmbH Storage container for analytical test elements
US6497845B1 (en) 1998-04-24 2002-12-24 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Storage container for analytical devices
US6485439B1 (en) 1998-04-28 2002-11-26 Roche Diagnostics Corporation Apparatus for suctioning and pumping body fluid from an incision
US7190988B2 (en) 1998-04-30 2007-03-13 Abbott Diabetes Care, Inc. Analyte monitoring device and methods of use
DE19819407A1 (en) 1998-04-30 1999-11-11 Hendrik Priebs Cassette for disposable strip with test spots for e.g. blood sugar measurement
US20040106858A1 (en) 1998-04-30 2004-06-03 Therasense, Inc. Analyte monitoring device and methods of use
US20040106860A1 (en) 1998-04-30 2004-06-03 James Say Analyte monitoring device and methods of use
US20040106859A1 (en) 1998-04-30 2004-06-03 James Say Analyte monitoring device and methods of use
US6175752B1 (en) 1998-04-30 2001-01-16 Therasense, Inc. Analyte monitoring device and methods of use
US20070244380A1 (en) 1998-04-30 2007-10-18 Abbott Diabetes Care, Inc. Analyte monitoring device and methods of use
US6353753B1 (en) 1998-05-05 2002-03-05 Stephen Thomas Flock Optical imaging of deep anatomic structures
US6540891B1 (en) 1998-05-08 2003-04-01 Abbott Laboratories Test strip
US6272364B1 (en) 1998-05-13 2001-08-07 Cygnus, Inc. Method and device for predicting physiological values
US7295867B2 (en) 1998-05-13 2007-11-13 Animas Corporation Signal processing for measurement of physiological analytes
US7174199B2 (en) 1998-05-13 2007-02-06 Animas Technologies, Llc Monitoring a physiological analytes
US6850790B2 (en) 1998-05-13 2005-02-01 Cygnus, Inc. Monitoring of physiological analytes
US6569157B1 (en) 1998-05-18 2003-05-27 Abbott Laboratories Removal of stratum corneum by means of light
US7301629B2 (en) 1998-05-19 2007-11-27 Spectrx, Inc. Apparatus and method for determining tissue characteristics
US20070244412A1 (en) 1998-05-20 2007-10-18 Steffen Lav Medical apparatus for use by a patient for medical self treatment of diabetes
US6302855B1 (en) 1998-05-20 2001-10-16 Novo Nordisk A/S Medical apparatus for use by a patient for medical self treatment of diabetes
US5951582A (en) 1998-05-22 1999-09-14 Specialized Health Products, Inc. Lancet apparatus and methods
USRE40198E1 (en) 1998-06-01 2008-04-01 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Method and device for electrochemical immunoassay of multiple analytes
US7344499B1 (en) 1998-06-10 2008-03-18 Georgia Tech Research Corporation Microneedle device for extraction and sensing of bodily fluids
US6334856B1 (en) 1998-06-10 2002-01-01 Georgia Tech Research Corporation Microneedle devices and methods of manufacture and use thereof
US6503231B1 (en) 1998-06-10 2003-01-07 Georgia Tech Research Corporation Microneedle device for transport of molecules across tissue
EP0964060B1 (en) 1998-06-10 2004-05-19 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Measurement device for quantitating substrate
US7175641B1 (en) 1998-06-11 2007-02-13 Stat Medical Devices, Inc. Lancet having adjustable penetration depth
US6156051A (en) 1998-06-11 2000-12-05 Stat Medical Devices Inc. Lancet having adjustable penetration depth
EP0964059B1 (en) 1998-06-11 2008-08-13 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor comprising a working and a counter electrode, the counter electrode having a base plate with a curved portion
US6811557B2 (en) 1998-06-11 2004-11-02 Stat Medical Devices, Inc. Adjustable length member such as a cap of a lancet device for adjusting penetration depth
US6022366A (en) 1998-06-11 2000-02-08 Stat Medical Devices Inc. Lancet having adjustable penetration depth
US6104940A (en) 1998-06-11 2000-08-15 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Electrode probe and body fluid examination equipment including the same
US20080045992A1 (en) 1998-06-11 2008-02-21 Stat Medical Devices, Inc., Of North Miami, Fl Lancet having adjustable penetration depth
US20030225430A1 (en) 1998-06-11 2003-12-04 Stat Medical Devices Inc. Lancet having adjustable penetration depth
US7311718B2 (en) 1998-06-11 2007-12-25 Stat Medical Devices Inc. Lancet having adjustable penetration depth
US6322963B1 (en) 1998-06-15 2001-11-27 Biosensor Systems Design., Inc. Sensor for analyte detection
US20020025469A1 (en) 1998-06-17 2002-02-28 Therasense, Inc. Biological fuel cell and methods
US20030149348A1 (en) 1998-06-19 2003-08-07 Raskas Eric J. Micro optical sensor device
US20060030761A1 (en) 1998-06-19 2006-02-09 Raskas Eric J Micro optical sensor device
US6194900B1 (en) 1998-06-19 2001-02-27 Agilent Technologies, Inc. Integrated miniaturized device for processing and NMR detection of liquid phase samples
US6157442A (en) 1998-06-19 2000-12-05 Microsense International Llc Micro optical fiber sensor device
US6398522B2 (en) 1998-06-19 2002-06-04 Photosynthesis (Jersey) Limited Pump
US20020081588A1 (en) 1998-06-24 2002-06-27 Therasense, Inc. Multi-sensor array for electrochemical recognition of nucleotide sequences and methods
US6713660B1 (en) 1998-06-29 2004-03-30 The Procter & Gamble Company Disposable article having a biosensor
US20040172000A1 (en) 1998-06-29 2004-09-02 The Procter & Gamble Company Disposable article having a biosensor
US6007497A (en) 1998-06-30 1999-12-28 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Surgical biopsy device
EP0969097B1 (en) 1998-07-03 2006-01-25 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor containing an enzyme and a sugar
US6656702B1 (en) 1998-07-03 2003-12-02 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor containing glucose dehydrogenase
US6540762B1 (en) 1998-07-09 2003-04-01 November Aktiengesellschaft Gesellschaft Fur Molekulare Medizin Device for perforating skin
US6261519B1 (en) 1998-07-20 2001-07-17 Lifescan, Inc. Medical diagnostic device with enough-sample indicator
US6084660A (en) 1998-07-20 2000-07-04 Lifescan, Inc. Initiation of an analytical measurement in blood
US6521182B1 (en) 1998-07-20 2003-02-18 Lifescan, Inc. Fluidic device for medical diagnostics
US20030191376A1 (en) 1998-07-21 2003-10-09 Samuels Mark A. System and method for continuous analyte monitoring
US6100107A (en) 1998-08-06 2000-08-08 Industrial Technology Research Institute Microchannel-element assembly and preparation method thereof
US6531322B1 (en) 1998-08-13 2003-03-11 Lifescan, Inc. Visual blood glucose test strip
US6162397A (en) 1998-08-13 2000-12-19 Lifescan, Inc. Visual blood glucose test strip
US6572822B2 (en) 1998-08-13 2003-06-03 Lifescan, Inc. Visual blood glucose test strip
US6641533B2 (en) 1998-08-18 2003-11-04 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Handheld personal data assistant (PDA) with a medical device and method of using the same
US20020002326A1 (en) 1998-08-18 2002-01-03 Causey James D. Handheld personal data assistant (PDA) with a medical device and method of using the same
US6197257B1 (en) 1998-08-20 2001-03-06 Microsense Of St. Louis, Llc Micro sensor device
US6107083A (en) 1998-08-21 2000-08-22 Bayer Corporation Optical oxidative enzyme-based sensors
US6281006B1 (en) 1998-08-24 2001-08-28 Therasense, Inc. Electrochemical affinity assay
US6251260B1 (en) 1998-08-24 2001-06-26 Therasense, Inc. Potentiometric sensors for analytic determination
US6212417B1 (en) 1998-08-26 2001-04-03 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor
US7289836B2 (en) 1998-08-26 2007-10-30 Sensors For Medicine And Science, Inc. Optical-based sensing devices
US7303922B2 (en) 1998-08-27 2007-12-04 Abbott Laboratories Reagentless analysis of biological samples by applying mathematical algorithms to smoothed spectra
US6982431B2 (en) 1998-08-31 2006-01-03 Molecular Devices Corporation Sample analysis systems
US6602678B2 (en) 1998-09-04 2003-08-05 Powderject Research Limited Non- or minimally invasive monitoring methods
US20050064528A1 (en) 1998-09-04 2005-03-24 Sung-Yun Kwon Non-or minimally invasive monitoring methods
US7211096B2 (en) 1998-09-07 2007-05-01 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Lancet dispenser
US6783537B1 (en) 1998-09-07 2004-08-31 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Lancet dispenser
EP0985376B1 (en) 1998-09-07 2009-11-04 Roche Diagnostics GmbH system suitable for extraction of a bodily fluid, a lancet cartridge and a method of using said system
US6398562B1 (en) 1998-09-17 2002-06-04 Cygnus, Inc. Device and methods for the application of mechanical force to a gel/sensor assembly
US6853854B1 (en) 1998-09-18 2005-02-08 Q Step Technologies, Llc Noninvasive measurement system
US6829507B1 (en) 1998-09-21 2004-12-07 St. Jude Medical Ab Apparatus for determining the actual status of a piezoelectric sensor in a medical implant
US7144709B2 (en) 1998-09-28 2006-12-05 Lifescan, Inc. Diagnostics based on tetrazolium compounds
US20050112712A1 (en) 1998-09-28 2005-05-26 Lifescan, Inc. Diagnostics based on tetrazolium compounds
US6656697B1 (en) 1998-09-28 2003-12-02 Lifescan, Inc. Diagnostics based on tetrazolium compounds
US5902731A (en) 1998-09-28 1999-05-11 Lifescan, Inc. Diagnostics based on tetrazolium compounds
US6200773B1 (en) 1998-09-28 2001-03-13 Lifescan, Inc. Diagnostics based on tetrazolium compounds
US6245215B1 (en) 1998-09-30 2001-06-12 Amira Medical Membrane based electrochemical test device and related methods
US6210133B1 (en) 1998-09-30 2001-04-03 A-Med Systems, Inc. Blood pump with sterile motor housing
US6299757B1 (en) 1998-10-08 2001-10-09 Therasense, Inc. Small volume in vitro analyte sensor with diffusible or non-leachable redox mediator
US6618934B1 (en) 1998-10-08 2003-09-16 Therasense, Inc. Method of manufacturing small volume in vitro analyte sensor
US20040054267A1 (en) 1998-10-08 2004-03-18 Therasense, Inc. Small volume in vitro analyte sensor
US6592745B1 (en) 1998-10-08 2003-07-15 Therasense, Inc. Method of using a small volume in vitro analyte sensor with diffusible or non-leachable redox mediator
US7225535B2 (en) 1998-10-08 2007-06-05 Abbott Diabetes Care, Inc. Method of manufacturing electrochemical sensors
US20040060818A1 (en) 1998-10-08 2004-04-01 Therasense, Inc. Small volume in vitro analyte sensor and methods of making
US6461496B1 (en) 1998-10-08 2002-10-08 Therasense, Inc. Small volume in vitro analyte sensor with diffusible or non-leachable redox mediator
US20030199744A1 (en) 1998-10-08 2003-10-23 Therasense, Inc. Small volume in vitro analyte sensor with diffusible or non-leachable redox mediator
US6338790B1 (en) 1998-10-08 2002-01-15 Therasense, Inc. Small volume in vitro analyte sensor with diffusible or non-leachable redox mediator
US20070193019A1 (en) 1998-10-08 2007-08-23 Abbott Diabetes Care, Inc. Small volume in vitro sensor and methods of making
US6117115A (en) 1998-10-12 2000-09-12 B. Braun Medical, Inc. Medical tubing slide clamp device for determining proper tubing size and functional characteristics
US6773671B1 (en) 1998-11-30 2004-08-10 Abbott Laboratories Multichemistry measuring device and test strips
US6264635B1 (en) 1998-12-03 2001-07-24 Kriton Medical, Inc. Active magnetic bearing system for blood pump
USD417504S (en) 1998-12-04 1999-12-07 Lifescan, Inc. Blood glucose meter
US6285454B1 (en) 1998-12-07 2001-09-04 Mercury Diagnostics, Inc. Optics alignment and calibration system
US6540672B1 (en) 1998-12-09 2003-04-01 Novo Nordisk A/S Medical system and a method of controlling the system for use by a patient for medical self treatment
US6315738B1 (en) 1999-01-04 2001-11-13 Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha Assembly having lancet and means for collecting and detecting body fluid
US6067463A (en) 1999-01-05 2000-05-23 Abbott Laboratories Method and apparatus for non-invasively measuring the amount of glucose in blood
US6210420B1 (en) 1999-01-19 2001-04-03 Agilent Technologies, Inc. Apparatus and method for efficient blood sampling with lancet
EP1021950B1 (en) 1999-01-22 2002-01-30 Slagteriernes Forskningsinstitut Tattoo-marking of an animal with multi-edged needles
US6475436B1 (en) 1999-01-23 2002-11-05 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Method and device for removing consumable analytic products from a storage container
US6802199B2 (en) 1999-02-04 2004-10-12 Integ, Inc. Needle for body fluid tester
US6045567A (en) 1999-02-23 2000-04-04 Lifescan Inc. Lancing device causing reduced pain
US6197040B1 (en) 1999-02-23 2001-03-06 Lifescan, Inc. Lancing device having a releasable connector
USD428150S (en) 1999-02-23 2000-07-11 Lifescan, Inc. Lancing device
US6520326B2 (en) 1999-02-25 2003-02-18 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Glucose sensor package system
US6335856B1 (en) 1999-03-05 2002-01-01 L'etat Francais, Represente Par Le Delegue Ministeriel Pour L'armement Triboelectric device
US6133837A (en) 1999-03-05 2000-10-17 Hill-Rom, Inc. Patient position system and method for a support surface
US7322998B2 (en) 1999-03-05 2008-01-29 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Device for withdrawing blood for diagnostic applications
US6132449A (en) 1999-03-08 2000-10-17 Agilent Technologies, Inc. Extraction and transportation of blood for analysis
US6306152B1 (en) 1999-03-08 2001-10-23 Agilent Technologies, Inc. Lancet device with skin movement control and ballistic preload
US20010027328A1 (en) 1999-03-08 2001-10-04 Paul Lum Multiple lancet device
US6660018B2 (en) 1999-03-08 2003-12-09 Agilent Technologies, Inc. Multiple lancet device
US6364890B1 (en) 1999-03-08 2002-04-02 Agilent Technologies, Inc. Extraction and transportation of blood for analysis
US6809807B1 (en) 1999-03-09 2004-10-26 Integ, Inc. Body fluid analyte measurement
US7206620B2 (en) 1999-03-09 2007-04-17 Integ, Inc. Body fluid analyte measurement
USD428993S (en) 1999-03-10 2000-08-01 Braun Gmbh Blood pressure measuring device
US6375626B1 (en) 1999-03-12 2002-04-23 Integ, Inc. Collection well for body fluid tester
US7182910B2 (en) 1999-03-12 2007-02-27 Integ, Inc. Collection well for body fluid tester
US6652734B1 (en) 1999-03-16 2003-11-25 Lifescan, Inc. Sensor with improved shelf life
US6402701B1 (en) 1999-03-23 2002-06-11 Fna Concepts, Llc Biopsy needle instrument
US6584338B1 (en) 1999-03-30 2003-06-24 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Deriving time-averaged moments
US6086544A (en) 1999-03-31 2000-07-11 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Control apparatus for an automated surgical biopsy device
US6120462A (en) 1999-03-31 2000-09-19 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Control method for an automated surgical biopsy device
US6805780B1 (en) 1999-04-06 2004-10-19 Allmedicus Co., Ltd. Electrochemical biosensor test strip, fabrication method thereof and electrochemical biosensor
US6231531B1 (en) 1999-04-09 2001-05-15 Agilent Technologies, Inc. Apparatus and method for minimizing pain perception
US20020123335A1 (en) 1999-04-09 2002-09-05 Luna Michael E.S. Method and apparatus for provisioning a mobile station over a wireless network
US6336900B1 (en) 1999-04-12 2002-01-08 Agilent Technologies, Inc. Home hub for reporting patient health parameters
US7183068B2 (en) 1999-04-22 2007-02-27 Animas Technologies, Llc Methods of manufacturing glucose measuring assemblies with hydrogels
US6192891B1 (en) 1999-04-26 2001-02-27 Becton Dickinson And Company Integrated system including medication delivery pen, blood monitoring device, and lancer
US6234772B1 (en) 1999-04-28 2001-05-22 Kriton Medical, Inc. Rotary blood pump
USD424696S (en) 1999-05-06 2000-05-09 Therasense, Inc. Glucose sensor
USD426638S (en) 1999-05-06 2000-06-13 Therasense, Inc. Glucose sensor buttons
US6475750B1 (en) 1999-05-11 2002-11-05 M-Biotech, Inc. Glucose biosensor
US6835553B2 (en) 1999-05-11 2004-12-28 M-Biotech, Inc. Photometric glucose measurement system using glucose-sensitive hydrogel
US6176847B1 (en) 1999-05-14 2001-01-23 Circon Corporation Surgical irrigation system incorporating flow sensor device
US6881541B2 (en) 1999-05-28 2005-04-19 Cepheid Method for analyzing a fluid sample
US6258229B1 (en) 1999-06-02 2001-07-10 Handani Winarta Disposable sub-microliter volume sensor and method of making
US7267665B2 (en) 1999-06-03 2007-09-11 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Closed loop system for controlling insulin infusion
US6312612B1 (en) 1999-06-09 2001-11-06 The Procter & Gamble Company Apparatus and method for manufacturing an intracutaneous microneedle array
US6379324B1 (en) 1999-06-09 2002-04-30 The Procter & Gamble Company Intracutaneous microneedle array apparatus
US6471903B2 (en) 1999-06-09 2002-10-29 The Procter & Gamble Company Method for manufacturing an intracutaneous microneedle array
US6256533B1 (en) 1999-06-09 2001-07-03 The Procter & Gamble Company Apparatus and method for using an intracutaneous microneedle array
US6152942A (en) 1999-06-14 2000-11-28 Bayer Corporation Vacuum assisted lancing device
US6193873B1 (en) 1999-06-15 2001-02-27 Lifescan, Inc. Sample detection to initiate timing of an electrochemical assay
US6830934B1 (en) 1999-06-15 2004-12-14 Lifescan, Inc. Microdroplet dispensing for a medical diagnostic device
US6350451B1 (en) 1999-06-25 2002-02-26 The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Arkansas Immunotherapy of epithelial tumors using intralesional injection of antigens that induce a delayed type hypersensitivity reaction
US6399394B1 (en) 1999-06-30 2002-06-04 Agilent Technologies, Inc. Testing multiple fluid samples with multiple biopolymer arrays
US20030220552A1 (en) 1999-07-01 2003-11-27 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Reusable analyte sensor site and method of using the same
US6790599B1 (en) 1999-07-15 2004-09-14 Microbionics, Inc. Microfluidic devices and manufacture thereof
US6488872B1 (en) 1999-07-23 2002-12-03 The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Illinois Microfabricated devices and method of manufacturing the same
US7169600B2 (en) 1999-07-28 2007-01-30 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Device for determining a glucose concentration in a tissue fluid
US6514460B1 (en) 1999-07-28 2003-02-04 Abbott Laboratories Luminous glucose monitoring device
US6852500B1 (en) 1999-07-28 2005-02-08 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Method for determining the concentration of glucose in a body fluid with glucose-containing perfusate
US20040200720A1 (en) 1999-08-02 2004-10-14 Bayer Corporation Electrochemical-sensor design
US6841052B2 (en) 1999-08-02 2005-01-11 Bayer Corporation Electrochemical-sensor design
US20040222092A1 (en) 1999-08-02 2004-11-11 Musho Matthew K. Electrochemical-sensor design
EP1074832B1 (en) 1999-08-02 2009-09-16 Bayer Corporation Improved electrochemical-sensor design
US6558402B1 (en) 1999-08-03 2003-05-06 Becton, Dickinson And Company Lancer
US6656428B1 (en) 1999-08-06 2003-12-02 Thermo Biostar, Inc. Automated point of care detection system including complete sample processing capabilities
WO2001016578A1 (en) 1999-08-31 2001-03-08 Cme Telemetrix Inc. Method for determination of analytes using near infrared, adjacent visible spectrum and an array of longer near infrared wavelengths
US6251083B1 (en) 1999-09-07 2001-06-26 Amira Medical Interstitial fluid methods and devices for determination of an analyte in the body
US6815186B2 (en) 1999-09-14 2004-11-09 Implanted Biosystems, Inc. Implantable glucose sensor
US6730494B1 (en) 1999-09-17 2004-05-04 Guardian Angel Holdings, Inc. Alcohol concentration test delivery system
US6802811B1 (en) 1999-09-17 2004-10-12 Endoluminal Therapeutics, Inc. Sensing, interrogating, storing, telemetering and responding medical implants
US6835184B1 (en) 1999-09-24 2004-12-28 Becton, Dickinson And Company Method and device for abrading skin
US6506575B1 (en) 1999-09-24 2003-01-14 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Analytical element and method for the determination of an analyte in a liquid
US20040194302A1 (en) 1999-10-04 2004-10-07 Bhullar Raghbir S. Method of making a biosensor
US6662439B1 (en) 1999-10-04 2003-12-16 Roche Diagnostics Corporation Laser defined features for patterned laminates and electrodes
US7317938B2 (en) 1999-10-08 2008-01-08 Sensys Medical, Inc. Method of adapting in-vitro models to aid in noninvasive glucose determination
US7299080B2 (en) 1999-10-08 2007-11-20 Sensys Medical, Inc. Compact apparatus for noninvasive measurement of glucose through near-infrared spectroscopy
US6409740B1 (en) 1999-10-09 2002-06-25 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Blood lancet system for withdrawing blood for diagnostic purposes
US6503210B1 (en) 1999-10-13 2003-01-07 Arkray, Inc. Blood-collection position indicator
US6626851B2 (en) 1999-10-13 2003-09-30 Arkray, Inc. Blood-collection position indicator
US20080021493A1 (en) 1999-10-19 2008-01-24 Therasense, Inc. Lancing Device and Method of Sample Collection
US20020029058A1 (en) 1999-10-19 2002-03-07 Therasense, Inc. Lancing device and method of sample collection
USD444557S1 (en) 1999-10-19 2001-07-03 Facet Technologies, Llc Lancing device
US6283982B1 (en) 1999-10-19 2001-09-04 Facet Technologies, Inc. Lancing device and method of sample collection
US20080146966A1 (en) 1999-10-19 2008-06-19 Therasense, Inc. Lancing device and method of sample collection
US20040225311A1 (en) 1999-10-19 2004-11-11 Therasense, Inc. Lancing device and method of sample collection
US6228100B1 (en) 1999-10-25 2001-05-08 Steven Schraga Multi-use lancet device
US6218571B1 (en) 1999-10-27 2001-04-17 Lifescan, Inc. 8-(anilino)-1-naphthalenesulfonate analogs
US6322574B1 (en) 1999-10-29 2001-11-27 Medical Plastic Devices M.P.D. Inc. Disposable lancet
US6764496B2 (en) 1999-11-02 2004-07-20 Stat Medical Devices, Inc. Single use lancet assembly
US20020148739A2 (en) 1999-11-04 2002-10-17 Therasense, Inc. Small Volume in Vitro Analyte Sensor and Methods
US6616819B1 (en) 1999-11-04 2003-09-09 Therasense, Inc. Small volume in vitro analyte sensor and methods
US20080021295A1 (en) 1999-11-04 2008-01-24 Yi Wang Sample Acquisition and Analyte Measurement Device
US20040225230A1 (en) 1999-11-04 2004-11-11 Therasense, Inc. Small volume in vitro analyte sensor and methods
US6749740B2 (en) 1999-11-04 2004-06-15 Therasense, Inc. Small volume in vitro analyte sensor and methods
US20020053523A1 (en) 1999-11-04 2002-05-09 Therasense, Inc. Small volume in vitro analyte sensor and methods
US20020084196A1 (en) 1999-11-04 2002-07-04 Therasense, Inc. Small volume in vitro analyte sensor and methods
US6830551B1 (en) 1999-11-08 2004-12-14 Arkray, Inc. Body fluid measuring instrument and body fluid sampler thereof
US6911937B1 (en) 1999-11-12 2005-06-28 Itt Manufacturing Enterprises, Inc. Digital polarimetric system
US6875327B1 (en) 1999-11-15 2005-04-05 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor, method of forming thin-film electrode, and method and apparatus for quantitative determination
US20040178067A1 (en) 1999-11-15 2004-09-16 Shoji Miyazaki Biosensor, thin film electrode forming method, quantification apparatus, and quantification method
US20040178066A1 (en) 1999-11-15 2004-09-16 Shoji Miyazaki Biosensor, thin film electrode forming method, quantification apparatus, and quantification method
US6740215B1 (en) 1999-11-16 2004-05-25 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor
EP1101443B1 (en) 1999-11-17 2005-02-09 Bayer Corporation Electronic lancing device
US6364889B1 (en) 1999-11-17 2002-04-02 Bayer Corporation Electronic lancing device
US6743211B1 (en) 1999-11-23 2004-06-01 Georgia Tech Research Corporation Devices and methods for enhanced microneedle penetration of biological barriers
US20040096991A1 (en) 1999-11-24 2004-05-20 Honghua Zhang Methods for preparing an electrosensor having a capture reagent
US6830669B2 (en) 1999-12-03 2004-12-14 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor
US20020141032A1 (en) 1999-12-03 2002-10-03 Guarr Thomas F. Controlled diffusion coefficient electrochromic materials for use in electrochromic mediums and associated electrochromic devices
US6849052B2 (en) 1999-12-13 2005-02-01 Arkray, Inc. Body fluid measuring apparatus with lancet and lancet holder used for the measuring apparatus
US6415821B2 (en) 1999-12-15 2002-07-09 University Of Washington Magnetically actuated fluid handling devices for microfluidic applications
WO2001045014A1 (en) 1999-12-17 2001-06-21 Quy Roger J Method and apparatus for patient monitoring with wireless internet connectivity
US20010023349A1 (en) 1999-12-20 2001-09-20 Tricardia, Llc Hypodermic needle with weeping tip and method of use
US7317939B2 (en) 1999-12-22 2008-01-08 Orsense Ltd. Method of optical measurements for determining various parameters of the patient's blood
US6280254B1 (en) 1999-12-23 2001-08-28 Hon Hai Precision Ind. Co., Ltd. IC card connector
US20040238357A1 (en) 1999-12-23 2004-12-02 Roche Diagnostics Corporation Sensor system
US7262061B2 (en) 1999-12-24 2007-08-28 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Test element analysis system
US6458258B2 (en) 1999-12-27 2002-10-01 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor
US6599407B2 (en) 1999-12-27 2003-07-29 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor
US7060168B2 (en) 1999-12-27 2006-06-13 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor
US6811753B2 (en) 1999-12-28 2004-11-02 Arkray, Inc. Blood testing tool
EP1114995A2 (en) 1999-12-30 2001-07-11 Roche Diagnostics Corporation Cell and method for electrochemical analysis of a sample
US20020019606A1 (en) 2000-01-21 2002-02-14 Lebel Ronald J. Microprocessor controlled ambulatory medical apparatus with hand held communication device
US20020016568A1 (en) 2000-01-21 2002-02-07 Lebel Ronald J. Microprocessor controlled ambulatory medical apparatus with hand held communication device
US6527521B2 (en) 2000-01-26 2003-03-04 Nipro Corporation Magnetically driven axial-flow pump
US6530937B1 (en) 2000-01-28 2003-03-11 Stat Medical Devices, Inc. Adjustable tip for a lancet device and method
US20040206658A1 (en) 2000-01-31 2004-10-21 The Penn State Research Foundation Interrogation of changes in the contents of a sealed container
US6716577B1 (en) 2000-02-02 2004-04-06 Lifescan, Inc. Electrochemical test strip for use in analyte determination
US7498132B2 (en) 2000-02-02 2009-03-03 Lifescan, Inc. Electrochemical test strip kit for analyte determination
US6475372B1 (en) 2000-02-02 2002-11-05 Lifescan, Inc. Electrochemical methods and devices for use in the determination of hematocrit corrected analyte concentrations
US6485923B1 (en) 2000-02-02 2002-11-26 Lifescan, Inc. Reagent test strip for analyte determination having hemolyzing agent
US20050176153A1 (en) 2000-02-02 2005-08-11 Lifescan, Inc Electrochemical methods and devices for use in the determination of hematocrit corrected analyte concentrations
US6649416B1 (en) 2000-02-18 2003-11-18 Trustees Of Tufts College Intelligent electro-optical sensor array and method for analyte detection
US6792791B2 (en) 2000-02-18 2004-09-21 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Inspection chip for sensor measuring instrument
US20010021492A1 (en) 2000-02-22 2001-09-13 Tadanobu Sato Silvler halide photographic material
US20010018353A1 (en) 2000-02-29 2001-08-30 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Portable telephone with bookmark sort function
US20050205136A1 (en) 2000-02-29 2005-09-22 Freeman Alex R Integrally manufactured micro-electrofluidic cables
US6436055B1 (en) 2000-03-02 2002-08-20 The Procter & Gamble Company Device having diarrhea diagnostic panel
US6379969B1 (en) 2000-03-02 2002-04-30 Agilent Technologies, Inc. Optical sensor for sensing multiple analytes
US6375627B1 (en) 2000-03-02 2002-04-23 Agilent Technologies, Inc. Physiological fluid extraction with rapid analysis
US6706159B2 (en) * 2000-03-02 2004-03-16 Diabetes Diagnostics Combined lancet and electrochemical analyte-testing apparatus
US20050011759A1 (en) 2000-03-02 2005-01-20 Moerman Piet H. C. Combined lancet and electrochemical analyte-testing apparatus
US20020130042A1 (en) 2000-03-02 2002-09-19 Moerman Piet H.C. Combined lancet and electrochemical analyte-testing apparatus
US7378007B2 (en) 2000-03-02 2008-05-27 Diabetes Diagnostics, Inc. Combined lancet and electrochemical analyte-testing apparatus
US6572566B2 (en) 2000-03-03 2003-06-03 Roche Diagnostics Corporation System for determining analyte concentrations in body fluids
US7250105B1 (en) 2000-03-08 2007-07-31 Lifescan Scotland Limited Measurement of substances in liquids
US20010045355A1 (en) 2000-03-09 2001-11-29 Clinical Analysis Corporation Medical diagnostic system
US6558361B1 (en) 2000-03-09 2003-05-06 Nanopass Ltd. Systems and methods for the transport of fluids through a biological barrier and production techniques for such systems
US6620112B2 (en) 2000-03-24 2003-09-16 Novo Nordisk A/S Disposable lancet combined with a reagent carrying strip and a system for extracting and analyzing blood in the body utilizing such a disposable lancet
US20070062315A1 (en) 2000-03-27 2007-03-22 Lifescan, Inc. Method of preventing short sampling of a capillary or wicking fill device
US6571651B1 (en) 2000-03-27 2003-06-03 Lifescan, Inc. Method of preventing short sampling of a capillary or wicking fill device
US6823750B2 (en) 2000-03-27 2004-11-30 Lifescan, Inc. Method of preventing short sampling of a capillary or wicking fill device
US20070017805A1 (en) 2000-03-27 2007-01-25 Lifescan, Inc. Method and device for sampling and analyzing interstitial fluid and whole blood samples
US20080081976A1 (en) 2000-03-27 2008-04-03 Lifescan, Inc. Method and device for sampling and analyzing interstitial fluid and whole blood samples
US6612111B1 (en) 2000-03-27 2003-09-02 Lifescan, Inc. Method and device for sampling and analyzing interstitial fluid and whole blood samples
US20050010137A1 (en) 2000-03-27 2005-01-13 Alastair Hodges Method and device for sampling and analyzing interstitial fluid and whole blood samples
US7043821B2 (en) 2000-03-27 2006-05-16 Lifescan, Inc. Method of preventing short sampling of a capillary or wicking fill device
US20040236250A1 (en) 2000-03-27 2004-11-25 Alastair Hodges Method and device for sampling and analyzing interstitial fluid and whole blood samples
US20030217918A1 (en) 2000-03-28 2003-11-27 Davies Oliver William Hardwicke Rapid response glucose sensor
US20020092612A1 (en) 2000-03-28 2002-07-18 Davies Oliver William Hardwicke Rapid response glucose sensor
US20040026243A1 (en) 2000-03-28 2004-02-12 Davies Oliver William Hardwicke Continuous process for manufacture of disposable electro-chemical sensor
US20050059872A1 (en) 2000-03-31 2005-03-17 Shartle Robert Justice Electrically-conductive patterns for monitoring the filling of medical devices
US7548772B2 (en) 2000-03-31 2009-06-16 Lifescan, Inc. Electrically-conductive patterns for monitoring the filling of medical devices
US6488827B1 (en) 2000-03-31 2002-12-03 Lifescan, Inc. Capillary flow control in a medical diagnostic device
US6485461B1 (en) 2000-04-04 2002-11-26 Insulet, Inc. Disposable infusion device
US6623501B2 (en) 2000-04-05 2003-09-23 Therasense, Inc. Reusable ceramic skin-piercing device
US20010037355A1 (en) 2000-04-07 2001-11-01 Britt Joe Freeman Distinctive vibrate system, apparatus and method
US6402704B1 (en) 2000-04-18 2002-06-11 Sonexxus Incorporated Prothrombin test apparatus for home use
US20020058902A1 (en) 2000-05-01 2002-05-16 Nikiforos Kollias Tissue ablation by shear force for sampling biological fluids and delivering active agents
US7404815B2 (en) 2000-05-01 2008-07-29 Lifescan, Inc. Tissue ablation by shear force for sampling biological fluids and delivering active agents
US7206623B2 (en) 2000-05-02 2007-04-17 Sensys Medical, Inc. Optical sampling interface system for in vivo measurement of tissue
US20010054319A1 (en) 2000-05-12 2001-12-27 Therasense, Inc. Electrodes with multilayer membranes and methods of using and making the electrodes
US6811659B2 (en) 2000-05-16 2004-11-02 Minimed, Inc. Microelectrogravimetrically plated biosensors and apparatus for producing same
US6537292B1 (en) 2000-05-25 2003-03-25 Choon-Bal Lee Lancet having a blood-collecting needle with a safety feature
EP1157660B1 (en) 2000-05-26 2007-09-19 Roche Diagnostics GmbH System for withdrawing body fluid
US20080021494A1 (en) 2000-05-26 2008-01-24 Guenther Schmelzeisen-Redeker System for withdrawing body fluid
US6589260B1 (en) 2000-05-26 2003-07-08 Roche Diagnostics Corporation System for withdrawing body fluid
US20040030353A1 (en) 2000-05-26 2004-02-12 Guenther Schmelzeisen-Redeker System for withdrawing body fluid
US6506168B1 (en) 2000-05-26 2003-01-14 Abbott Laboratories Apparatus and method for obtaining blood for diagnostic tests
US7291159B2 (en) 2000-05-26 2007-11-06 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. System for withdrawing body fluid
US6679852B1 (en) 2000-05-26 2004-01-20 Roche Diagnostics Corporation System for withdrawing body fluid
DE20009475U1 (en) 2000-05-26 2000-09-21 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Body fluid withdrawal system
US6887202B2 (en) 2000-06-01 2005-05-03 Science Applications International Corporation Systems and methods for monitoring health and delivering drugs transdermally
US6723371B2 (en) 2000-06-01 2004-04-20 Bioptik Technology, Inc. Process for preparing an electrochemical test strip
US7079252B1 (en) 2000-06-01 2006-07-18 Lifescan, Inc. Dual beam FTIR methods and devices for use in analyte detection in samples of low transmissivity
US20020019747A1 (en) 2000-06-02 2002-02-14 Ware John E. Method and system for health assessment and monitoring
US20040176732A1 (en) 2000-06-02 2004-09-09 Frazier A Bruno Active needle devices with integrated functionality
US6537242B1 (en) 2000-06-06 2003-03-25 Becton, Dickinson And Company Method and apparatus for enhancing penetration of a member for the intradermal sampling or administration of a substance
US20040039342A1 (en) 2000-06-08 2004-02-26 Jonathan Eppstein Transdermal integrated actuator device, methods of making and using same
US7141034B2 (en) 2000-06-08 2006-11-28 Altea Therapeutics Corporation Transdermal drug delivery device, method of making same and method of using same
US20030195540A1 (en) 2000-06-09 2003-10-16 Piet Moerman Cap for a lancing device
US6743597B1 (en) 2000-06-13 2004-06-01 Lifescan, Inc. Compositions containing a urea derivative dye for detecting an analyte and methods for using the same
US6960323B2 (en) 2000-06-13 2005-11-01 Lifescan, Inc. Compositions containing a urea derivative dye for detecting an analyte and methods for using the same
US6428664B1 (en) 2000-06-19 2002-08-06 Roche Diagnostics Corporation Biosensor
US6602268B2 (en) 2000-06-21 2003-08-05 Roche Diagnostics Corporation Blood lancet system for blood withdrawal for diagnostic purposes
US20020040230A1 (en) 2000-06-21 2002-04-04 Hans-Jurgen Kuhr Blood lancet system for blood withdrawal for diagnostic purposes
US6591125B1 (en) 2000-06-27 2003-07-08 Therasense, Inc. Small volume in vitro analyte sensor with diffusible or non-leachable redox mediator
US20020087056A1 (en) * 2000-06-27 2002-07-04 Aceti John Gregory Analyte monitor
US20040202576A1 (en) 2000-06-27 2004-10-14 Rosedale Medical, Inc. Analyte monitor
US6540675B2 (en) 2000-06-27 2003-04-01 Rosedale Medical, Inc. Analyte monitor
US20030135333A1 (en) 2000-06-27 2003-07-17 Rosedale Medical, Inc. Analyte Monitor
US6599769B2 (en) 2000-06-30 2003-07-29 Seiko Epson Corporation Process for mounting device and optical transmission apparatus
US6787109B2 (en) 2000-07-01 2004-09-07 Roche Diagnostics Corporation Test element analysis system
US20020016923A1 (en) 2000-07-03 2002-02-07 Knaus William A. Broadband computer-based networked systems for control and management of medical records
DE10032042A1 (en) 2000-07-05 2002-01-24 Inventus Biotec Gesellschaft Fuer Innovative Bioanalytik, Biosensoren Und Diagnostika Mbh & Co. Kg Disposable electrochemical biosensor for the quantitative determination of analyte concentrations in liquids
US6561989B2 (en) 2000-07-10 2003-05-13 Bayer Healthcare, Llc Thin lance and test sensor having same
US20020004196A1 (en) 2000-07-10 2002-01-10 Bayer Corporation Thin lance and test sensor having same
US6444115B1 (en) 2000-07-14 2002-09-03 Lifescan, Inc. Electrochemical method for measuring chemical reaction rates
US7235378B2 (en) 2000-07-14 2007-06-26 Arkray, Inc. Method of selectively determining glycated hemoglobin
US20020076349A1 (en) 2000-07-20 2002-06-20 Hypoguard Limited Test device
US20020044890A1 (en) 2000-07-20 2002-04-18 Hypoguard Limited Test member
US6726818B2 (en) 2000-07-21 2004-04-27 I-Sens, Inc. Biosensors with porous chromatographic membranes
USD444235S1 (en) 2000-07-21 2001-06-26 Lifescan, Inc. Blood glucose monitoring system
US20020078091A1 (en) 2000-07-25 2002-06-20 Sonny Vu Automatic summarization of a document
US6776888B2 (en) 2000-07-31 2004-08-17 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor
US6599693B1 (en) 2000-07-31 2003-07-29 Agilent Technologies Inc. Array fabrication
EP1093854B1 (en) 2000-08-03 2008-07-02 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Pressure-variation fluid transport for body-fluid analysis
US7134550B2 (en) 2000-08-03 2006-11-14 Novo Nordisk A/S Needle magazine
US6866822B1 (en) 2000-08-11 2005-03-15 Lifescan, Inc. Gimbaled bladder actuator for use with test strips
US7276380B2 (en) 2000-08-11 2007-10-02 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Transparent liquid inspection apparatus, transparent liquid inspection method, and transparent liquid application method
US6652814B1 (en) 2000-08-11 2003-11-25 Lifescan, Inc. Strip holder for use in a test strip meter
US20050010093A1 (en) 2000-08-18 2005-01-13 Cygnus, Inc. Formulation and manipulation of databases of analyte and associated values
US6533949B1 (en) 2000-08-28 2003-03-18 Nanopass Ltd. Microneedle structure and production method therefor
US7228163B2 (en) 2000-08-28 2007-06-05 Animas Technologies, Llc Methods of monitoring glucose levels in a subject and uses thereof
US6862466B2 (en) 2000-08-28 2005-03-01 Cygnus, Inc. Methods of monitoring glucose levels in a subject and uses thereof
US20020057993A1 (en) 2000-08-30 2002-05-16 Hypoguard Limited Test device
US6451040B1 (en) 2000-09-01 2002-09-17 Bayer Corporation Adjustable endcap for lancing device
US6420128B1 (en) 2000-09-12 2002-07-16 Lifescan, Inc. Test strips for detecting the presence of a reduced cofactor in a sample and method for using the same
US20020120216A1 (en) 2000-09-26 2002-08-29 Michael Fritz Lancet system
US6616616B2 (en) 2000-09-26 2003-09-09 Roche Diagnostics Corporation Lancet system
US20040220495A1 (en) 2000-09-28 2004-11-04 Norwood Abbey Ltd. Diagnostic device
US6423014B1 (en) 2000-09-29 2002-07-23 University Of Vermont Therapeutic and diagnostic needling device and method
US20020040208A1 (en) 2000-10-04 2002-04-04 Flaherty J. Christopher Data collection assembly for patient infusion system
US6555061B1 (en) 2000-10-05 2003-04-29 Lifescan, Inc. Multi-layer reagent test strip
US7287318B2 (en) 2000-10-06 2007-10-30 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Biosensor
US6709692B2 (en) 2000-10-10 2004-03-23 Genset S.A. Surface absorbing polymers and the uses thereof to treat hydrophobic or hydrophilic surfaces
US6671527B2 (en) 2000-10-13 2003-12-30 Precisense A/S Optical sensor for in situ measurement of analytes
EP1246688B1 (en) 2000-10-19 2004-05-12 Inverness Medical Limited Paste, which can undergo screen printing, for producing a porous polymer membrane for a biosensor
US6719923B2 (en) 2000-10-19 2004-04-13 Inverness Medical Limited Paste, which can undergo screen printing for producing a porous polymer membrane for a biosensor
US20020052618A1 (en) 2000-10-31 2002-05-02 Hans-Peter Haar Analytical device with integrated lancet
DE10053974A1 (en) 2000-10-31 2002-05-29 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Blood collection system
US20040034318A1 (en) 2000-10-31 2004-02-19 Michael Fritz System for withdrawing blood
US6814843B1 (en) 2000-11-01 2004-11-09 Roche Diagnostics Corporation Biosensor
US20030050656A1 (en) 2000-11-10 2003-03-13 Steven Schraga Single use lancet device
US6514270B1 (en) 2000-11-10 2003-02-04 Steven Schraga Single use lancet device
US6849168B2 (en) 2000-11-13 2005-02-01 Kval, Inc. Electrochemical microsensor package
US20040210279A1 (en) 2000-11-16 2004-10-21 Gruzdev Valentin A. Laser skin perforator
US6733493B2 (en) 2000-11-16 2004-05-11 Innotech Usa, Inc. Laser skin perforator
DE10057832C1 (en) 2000-11-21 2002-02-21 Hartmann Paul Ag Blood analysis device has syringe mounted in casing, annular mounting carrying needles mounted behind test strip and being swiveled so that needle can be pushed through strip and aperture in casing to take blood sample
US20080319291A1 (en) 2000-11-21 2008-12-25 Dominique Freeman Blood Testing Apparatus Having a Rotatable Cartridge with Multiple Lancing Elements and Testing Means
US20040039303A1 (en) 2000-11-21 2004-02-26 Thomas Wurster Blood testing apparatus
US20090005664A1 (en) 2000-11-21 2009-01-01 Dominique Freeman Blood Testing Apparatus Having a Rotatable Cartridge with Multiple Lancing Elements and Testing Means
EP1337182B1 (en) 2000-11-21 2008-03-26 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Blood testing apparatus
US7582063B2 (en) 2000-11-21 2009-09-01 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Blood testing apparatus having a rotatable cartridge with multiple lancing elements and testing means
US6866641B2 (en) 2000-11-28 2005-03-15 Owen Mumford Limited Skin prickers
US7232510B2 (en) 2000-11-30 2007-06-19 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor, measuring instrument for biosensor, and method of quantifying substrate
US6780647B2 (en) 2000-12-06 2004-08-24 Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. Sensor material, sensor and detection method for bio-substance
US20050061668A1 (en) 2000-12-12 2005-03-24 Brenneman Allen J. Method of making a capillary channel
US6800488B2 (en) 2000-12-13 2004-10-05 Lifescan, Inc. Methods of manufacturing reagent test strips
US20030150745A1 (en) 2000-12-13 2003-08-14 Maria Teodorczyk Electrochemical test strip with an integrated micro-needle and associated methods
US6620310B1 (en) 2000-12-13 2003-09-16 Lifescan, Inc. Electrochemical coagulation assay and device
US20020082543A1 (en) 2000-12-14 2002-06-27 Jung-Hwan Park Microneedle devices and production thereof
WO2002049507A1 (en) * 2000-12-19 2002-06-27 Inverness Medical Limited Analyte measurement
US6558528B1 (en) 2000-12-20 2003-05-06 Lifescan, Inc. Electrochemical test strip cards that include an integral dessicant
US6913668B2 (en) 2000-12-20 2005-07-05 Lifescan, Inc. Electrochemical test strip cards that include an integral dessicant
US6491709B2 (en) 2000-12-22 2002-12-10 Becton, Dickinson And Company Alternate-site lancer
US6719887B2 (en) 2000-12-27 2004-04-13 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor
US6512986B1 (en) 2000-12-30 2003-01-28 Lifescan, Inc. Method for automated exception-based quality control compliance for point-of-care devices
US6856928B2 (en) 2000-12-30 2005-02-15 Lifescan, Inc. Method for automated exception-based quality control compliance for point-of-care devices
US6793802B2 (en) 2001-01-04 2004-09-21 Tyson Bioresearch, Inc. Biosensors having improved sample application and measuring properties and uses thereof
US6501404B2 (en) 2001-01-08 2002-12-31 Agilent Technologies, Inc. System and method for encoding an input data stream by utilizing a predictive, look-ahead feature
US20070016239A1 (en) 2001-01-12 2007-01-18 Arkray, Inc. Lancing device, method of making lancing device, pump mechanism, and sucking device
US20040068283A1 (en) 2001-01-12 2004-04-08 Masahiro Fukuzawa Puncturing device
US7351323B2 (en) 2001-01-17 2008-04-01 Arkray, Inc. Quantitative analyzing method and quantitative analyzer using sensor
US7267750B2 (en) 2001-01-17 2007-09-11 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor
US20030144608A1 (en) 2001-01-19 2003-07-31 Shinichi Kojima Lancet-integrated sensor, measurer for lancet-integrated sensor, and catridge
US20020103499A1 (en) 2001-01-22 2002-08-01 Perez Edward P. Lancet device having capillary action
US20050004494A1 (en) 2001-01-22 2005-01-06 Perez Edward P. Lancet device having capillary action
US6866675B2 (en) * 2001-01-22 2005-03-15 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Lancet device having capillary action
US6786874B2 (en) 2001-01-26 2004-09-07 Abbott Laboratories Apparatus and method for the collection of interstitial fluids
US7276027B2 (en) 2001-02-06 2007-10-02 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. System, for monitoring the concentration of analytes in body fluids
US20040249311A1 (en) 2001-02-06 2004-12-09 Hans-Peter Haar System, for monitoring the concentration of analytes in body fluids
US20020156355A1 (en) * 2001-02-15 2002-10-24 Gough David A. Membrane and electrode structure for implantable sensor
US20040256685A1 (en) 2001-02-20 2004-12-23 Jung-Chuan Chou Biosensor, method of manufacturing sensing unit thereof, and measuring system
US6530892B1 (en) 2001-03-07 2003-03-11 Helen V. Kelly Automatic skin puncturing system
US20020160520A1 (en) 2001-03-16 2002-10-31 Phoenix Bioscience Silicon nano-collection analytic device
US6849216B2 (en) 2001-03-23 2005-02-01 Virotek, L.L.C. Method of making sensor
US20080097171A1 (en) 2001-03-26 2008-04-24 Wilson Smart Silicon microprobe with integrated biosensor
US7310543B2 (en) 2001-03-26 2007-12-18 Kumetrix, Inc. Silicon microprobe with integrated biosensor
US20020136863A1 (en) 2001-03-26 2002-09-26 Kumar Subramanian Silicon microlancet device and method of construction
US20020137998A1 (en) 2001-03-26 2002-09-26 Wilson Smart Silicon microprobe with integrated biosensor
US20020136667A1 (en) 2001-03-26 2002-09-26 Kumar Subramanian Silicon nitride window for microsampling device and method of construction
US20040038045A1 (en) 2001-03-26 2004-02-26 Wilson Smart Silicon penetration device with increased fracture toughness and method of fabrication
US6752817B2 (en) 2001-03-26 2004-06-22 Bayer Corporation Split pressure ring for lancing device and method of operation
US20080058624A1 (en) 2001-03-26 2008-03-06 Wilson Smart Silicon microprobe with integrated biosensor
US20020176984A1 (en) 2001-03-26 2002-11-28 Wilson Smart Silicon penetration device with increased fracture toughness and method of fabrication
US20030191415A1 (en) 2001-03-29 2003-10-09 Piet Moerman Integrated sample testing meter
US20030228637A1 (en) 2001-04-10 2003-12-11 The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York Novel microarrays and methods of use thereof
US20040253634A1 (en) 2001-04-10 2004-12-16 Denong Wang Novel microarrays and methods of use thereof
US6865408B1 (en) 2001-04-11 2005-03-08 Inlight Solutions, Inc. System for non-invasive measurement of glucose in humans
US6574490B2 (en) 2001-04-11 2003-06-03 Rio Grande Medical Technologies, Inc. System for non-invasive measurement of glucose in humans
US7521019B2 (en) 2001-04-11 2009-04-21 Lifescan, Inc. Sensor device and methods for manufacture
US20080103396A1 (en) 2001-04-11 2008-05-01 Johnson Robert D Method and Apparatus for Determination of a Measure of a Glycation End-Product or Disease State Using Tissue Fluorescence
US6811406B2 (en) 2001-04-12 2004-11-02 Formfactor, Inc. Microelectronic spring with additional protruding member
US20040206625A1 (en) 2001-04-24 2004-10-21 Bhullar Raghbir S. Biosensor
US20020177761A1 (en) 2001-04-26 2002-11-28 Phoenix Bioscience Integrated lancing and analytic device
US6783502B2 (en) 2001-04-26 2004-08-31 Phoenix Bioscience Integrated lancing and analytic device
US6855243B2 (en) 2001-04-27 2005-02-15 Lifescan, Inc. Electrochemical test strip having a plurality of reaction chambers and methods for using the same
US20020161289A1 (en) 2001-04-30 2002-10-31 Hopkins George W. Detector array for optical spectrographs
US20040171057A1 (en) 2001-05-04 2004-09-02 Mauze Ganapati R. Electro-optical devices and methods for hybridization and detection
US20030028126A1 (en) 2001-05-05 2003-02-06 Hans List Blood withdrawal system
US6858015B2 (en) 2001-05-05 2005-02-22 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Blood withdrawal system
US20040157149A1 (en) 2001-05-09 2004-08-12 Andreas Hofmann Object comprising an uncharged, functionalized hydrogel surface
US6753187B2 (en) 2001-05-09 2004-06-22 Lifescan, Inc. Optical component based temperature measurement in analyte detection devices
USD456910S1 (en) 2001-05-09 2002-05-07 Lifescan, Inc, Analyte test strip
US6591124B2 (en) 2001-05-11 2003-07-08 The Procter & Gamble Company Portable interstitial fluid monitoring system
US7314453B2 (en) 2001-05-14 2008-01-01 Youti Kuo Handheld diagnostic device with renewable biosensor
US7235170B2 (en) 2001-05-15 2007-06-26 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor
US6503209B2 (en) 2001-05-18 2003-01-07 Said I. Hakky Non-invasive focused energy blood withdrawal and analysis system
US6565808B2 (en) 2001-05-18 2003-05-20 Acon Laboratories Line test device and methods of use
US20020177763A1 (en) 2001-05-22 2002-11-28 Burns David W. Integrated lancets and methods
US6706232B2 (en) 2001-05-22 2004-03-16 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor
US6738654B2 (en) 2001-05-25 2004-05-18 Lifescan, Inc. Methods for automatically monitoring analyte concentration using minimally invasive devices
US20040162473A1 (en) 2001-05-25 2004-08-19 Borzu Sohrab Minimally invasive methods of monitoring analyte concentration
US6549796B2 (en) 2001-05-25 2003-04-15 Lifescan, Inc. Monitoring analyte concentration using minimally invasive devices
US6808908B2 (en) 2001-05-30 2004-10-26 Porex Technologies Corporation Functionalized porous substrate for binding chemical and biological moieties
US6652720B1 (en) 2001-05-31 2003-11-25 Instrumentation Laboratory Company Analytical instruments, biosensors and methods thereof
US20040211666A1 (en) 2001-05-31 2004-10-28 Prasad Pamidi Cross-linked enzyme matrix and uses thereof
US6872297B2 (en) 2001-05-31 2005-03-29 Instrumentation Laboratory Company Analytical instruments, biosensors and methods thereof
US20040116829A1 (en) 2001-06-08 2004-06-17 Raney Charles C. Sampling devices and methods utilizing a horizontal capillary test strip
US20070239068A1 (en) 2001-06-08 2007-10-11 Juergen Rasch-Menges Control solution packets and methods for calibrating bodily fluid sampling devices
US20020188224A1 (en) 2001-06-08 2002-12-12 Roe Jeffrey N. Test media cassette for bodily fluid testing device
US20040158271A1 (en) 2001-06-11 2004-08-12 Katsumi Hamamoto Puncturing element integration mounting body, and method of producing the same
US20040248282A1 (en) 2001-06-11 2004-12-09 Pisharody Sobha M. Electronic detection of biological molecules using thin layers
US7250056B2 (en) 2001-06-11 2007-07-31 Arkray, Inc. Lancet-integrated mounter and method of making the same
US7361307B2 (en) 2001-06-12 2008-04-22 Lifescan, Inc. Biological fluid constituent sampling and measurement devices
US20030233112A1 (en) 2001-06-12 2003-12-18 Don Alden Self optimizing lancing device with adaptation means to temporal variations in cutaneous properties
US8206319B2 (en) 2001-06-12 2012-06-26 Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland Gmbh Tissue penetration device
US20030083685A1 (en) 2001-06-12 2003-05-01 Freeman Dominique M. Sampling module device and method
US20030083686A1 (en) 2001-06-12 2003-05-01 Freeman Dominique M. Tissue penetration device
US20070239190A1 (en) 2001-06-12 2007-10-11 Don Alden Method and apparatus for lancet launching device integrated onto a blood-sampling cartridge
US20120149999A1 (en) 2001-06-12 2012-06-14 Dominique Freeman Tissue penetration device
US20030088191A1 (en) 2001-06-12 2003-05-08 Freeman Dominique M. Blood sampling device with diaphragm actuated lancet
US20100324452A1 (en) 2001-06-12 2010-12-23 Dominique Freeman Tissue penetration device
US7682318B2 (en) 2001-06-12 2010-03-23 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Blood sampling apparatus and method
EP1404232B1 (en) 2001-06-12 2009-12-02 Pelikan Technologies Inc. Blood sampling apparatus and method
US20070239189A1 (en) 2001-06-12 2007-10-11 Freeman Dominique M Self optimizing lancing device with adaptation means to temporal variations in cutaneous properties
EP1404233B1 (en) 2001-06-12 2009-12-02 Pelikan Technologies Inc. Self optimizing lancing device with adaptation means to temporal variations in cutaneous properties
US20030233113A1 (en) 2001-06-12 2003-12-18 Don Alden Electric lancet actuator
US7316700B2 (en) 2001-06-12 2008-01-08 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Self optimizing lancing device with adaptation means to temporal variations in cutaneous properties
WO2003088851A1 (en) 2001-06-12 2003-10-30 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Tissue penetration device
US20090137930A1 (en) 2001-06-12 2009-05-28 Dominique Freeman Tissue penetration device
US20070249962A1 (en) 2001-06-12 2007-10-25 Don Alden Method and apparatus for lancet launching device integrated onto a blood-sampling cartridge
US7537571B2 (en) 2001-06-12 2009-05-26 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Integrated blood sampling analysis system with multi-use sampling module
US20070249963A1 (en) 2001-06-12 2007-10-25 Don Alden Method and apparatus for lancet launching device integrated onto a blood-sampling cartridge
US6501976B1 (en) 2001-06-12 2002-12-31 Lifescan, Inc. Percutaneous biological fluid sampling and analyte measurement devices and methods
US20070043386A1 (en) 2001-06-12 2007-02-22 Dominique Freeman Tissue penetration device
US6793632B2 (en) 2001-06-12 2004-09-21 Lifescan, Inc. Percutaneous biological fluid constituent sampling and measurement devices and methods
US6837988B2 (en) 2001-06-12 2005-01-04 Lifescan, Inc. Biological fluid sampling and analyte measurement devices and methods
US20090131965A1 (en) 2001-06-12 2009-05-21 Dominique Freeman Tissue penetration device
US20040162474A1 (en) 2001-06-12 2004-08-19 Ernest Kiser Percutaneous biological fluid sampling and analyte measurement devices and methods
US20040249310A1 (en) 2001-06-12 2004-12-09 Robert Shartle Biological fluid constituent sampling and measurement devices and methods
US6576416B2 (en) 2001-06-19 2003-06-10 Lifescan, Inc. Analyte measurement device and method of use
US20030203352A1 (en) 2001-06-19 2003-10-30 Alan Haviland Analyte measurement device and method of use
US6827250B2 (en) 2001-06-28 2004-12-07 Microchips, Inc. Methods for hermetically sealing microchip reservoir devices
US6977722B2 (en) * 2001-06-29 2005-12-20 Meso Scale Technologies, Llc. Assay plates, reader systems and methods for luminescence test measurements
US7297248B2 (en) 2001-07-07 2007-11-20 Infopia Co., Ltd. Glucose strip sensor and glucose measurement method using the glucose strip sensor
US20040146958A1 (en) 2001-07-07 2004-07-29 Byung-Woo Bae Glucose strip sensor and glucose measurement using the glucose strip sensor
US20040186359A1 (en) 2001-07-09 2004-09-23 Beaudoin Stephen P. Afinity biosensor for monitoring biological process
US6749792B2 (en) 2001-07-09 2004-06-15 Lifescan, Inc. Micro-needles and methods of manufacture and use thereof
US20040199062A1 (en) 2001-07-10 2004-10-07 Bo Petersson Optical sensor containing particles for in situ measurement of analytes
US20030014010A1 (en) 2001-07-10 2003-01-16 Carpenter Kenneth W. Flexible tissue injection catheter with controlled depth penetration
US7228159B2 (en) 2001-07-10 2007-06-05 Precisense A/S Optical sensor containing particles for in situ measurement of analytes
US20040243165A1 (en) 2001-07-11 2004-12-02 Masufumi Koike Lancet and piercing device
US20040186500A1 (en) 2001-07-11 2004-09-23 Masufumi Koike Piercing device
US20040171968A1 (en) 2001-07-13 2004-09-02 Koji Katsuki Analyzing apparatus, piercing element integrally installed body for temperature measuring device with analyzing apparatus, and body fluid sampling apparatus
US7351375B2 (en) 2001-07-18 2008-04-01 Arkray, Inc. Implement and device for analysis
US20040215224A1 (en) 2001-07-19 2004-10-28 Tetsuya Sakata Piercing device
US20080009767A1 (en) 2001-07-20 2008-01-10 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. System for withdrawing small amounts of body fluid
US7288073B2 (en) 2001-07-20 2007-10-30 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. System for withdrawing small amounts of body fluid
US6843902B1 (en) 2001-07-20 2005-01-18 The Regents Of The University Of California Methods for fabricating metal nanowires
US20030018282A1 (en) 2001-07-20 2003-01-23 Carlo Effenhauser System for withdrawing small amounts of body fluid
US20040197231A1 (en) 2001-07-27 2004-10-07 Koji Katsuki Analyzing instrument
US20040217019A1 (en) 2001-07-31 2004-11-04 Xiaohua Cai Biosensor and method
US6859738B2 (en) 2001-07-31 2005-02-22 Becton, Dickinson And Company Method and system for predicting initial analyte values in stored samples
US6767441B1 (en) 2001-07-31 2004-07-27 Nova Biomedical Corporation Biosensor with peroxidase enzyme
US20040216516A1 (en) 2001-08-01 2004-11-04 Yoshiharu Sato Analyzing instrument, analyzing device, and method of manufacturing analyzing implement
US20040209350A1 (en) 2001-08-03 2004-10-21 Tetsuya Sakata Installation body for body fluid sampling apparatus and method of manufacturing the apparatus
US20040241746A1 (en) 2001-08-09 2004-12-02 Alexander Adlassnig Amperometric biosensor in thick film technology
US20030032077A1 (en) 2001-08-10 2003-02-13 Nipro Corporation Recording medium and blood glucose monitoring system using the recording medium
US20040220603A1 (en) 2001-08-13 2004-11-04 Wlodzimierz Rutynowski Lancet
US7279130B2 (en) 2001-08-13 2007-10-09 Bayer Healthcare Llc Sensor dispensing instrument having an activation mechanism and methods of using the same
US7323141B2 (en) 2001-08-13 2008-01-29 Bayer Healthcare Llc Button layout for a testing instrument
US20040267229A1 (en) 2001-08-16 2004-12-30 Piet Moerman In-situ adapter for a testing device
US20040209307A1 (en) 2001-08-20 2004-10-21 Biosite Incorporated Diagnostic markers of stroke and cerebral injury and methods of use thereof
US20030038047A1 (en) 2001-08-22 2003-02-27 Kivalo, Inc. Portable storage case for housing a medical monitoring device and an associated method for communicating therewith
DE10142232A1 (en) 2001-08-29 2003-03-20 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Analytical tool with lancet and test element
US7264627B2 (en) 2001-08-29 2007-09-04 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Wicking methods and structures for use in sampling bodily fluids
US20030050573A1 (en) 2001-08-29 2003-03-13 Hans-Juergen Kuhr Analytical device with lancet and test element
US20040245101A1 (en) 2001-08-29 2004-12-09 Itamar Willner Self-powered biosensor
US6814844B2 (en) 2001-08-29 2004-11-09 Roche Diagnostics Corporation Biosensor with code pattern
US20030060730A1 (en) 2001-08-29 2003-03-27 Edward Perez Wicking methods and structures for use in sampling bodily fluids
US20040200721A1 (en) 2001-08-29 2004-10-14 Bhullar Raghbir S. Biosensor
US20050021066A1 (en) 2001-08-29 2005-01-27 Hans-Juergen Kuhr Analytical device with lancet and test element
US6751491B2 (en) 2001-09-01 2004-06-15 M Biotech Inc Analyte measuring biosensor chip using image scanning system
US6529377B1 (en) 2001-09-05 2003-03-04 Microelectronic & Computer Technology Corporation Integrated cooling system
US20030199891A1 (en) 2001-09-05 2003-10-23 Herbert Argauer Lancet for blood extraction
US6787013B2 (en) 2001-09-10 2004-09-07 Eumed Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Biosensor
US20030057391A1 (en) 2001-09-21 2003-03-27 The Regents Of The University Of California Low power integrated pumping and valving arrays for microfluidic systems
US20070060845A1 (en) 2001-09-26 2007-03-15 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Method and apparatus for sampling bodily fluid
US20040267160A9 (en) 2001-09-26 2004-12-30 Edward Perez Method and apparatus for sampling bodily fluid
US20040059256A1 (en) 2001-09-26 2004-03-25 Edward Perez Method and apparatus for sampling bodily fluid
US6802957B2 (en) 2001-09-28 2004-10-12 Marine Biological Laboratory Self-referencing enzyme-based microsensor and method of use
US6913210B2 (en) 2001-09-28 2005-07-05 Holley Performance Products Fuel injector nozzle adapter
US20040173472A1 (en) 2001-09-28 2004-09-09 Marine Biological Laboratory Self-referencing enzyme-based microsensor and method of use
US7431820B2 (en) 2001-10-10 2008-10-07 Lifescan, Inc. Electrochemical cell
US20030069509A1 (en) 2001-10-10 2003-04-10 David Matzinger Devices for physiological fluid sampling and methods of using the same
US20090020438A1 (en) 2001-10-10 2009-01-22 Lifescan, Inc. Electrochemical cell
US6797150B2 (en) 2001-10-10 2004-09-28 Lifescan, Inc. Determination of sample volume adequacy in biosensor devices
US7195704B2 (en) 2001-10-10 2007-03-27 Lifescan, Inc. Determination of sample volume adequacy in biosensor devices
US20030072647A1 (en) 2001-10-11 2003-04-17 Paul Lum Micro paddle wheel pump for precise pumping, mixing, dispensing, and valving of blood and reagents
US6607362B2 (en) 2001-10-11 2003-08-19 Agilent Technologies, Inc. Micro paddle wheel pump for precise pumping, mixing, dispensing, and valving of blood and reagents
US6669669B2 (en) 2001-10-12 2003-12-30 Insulet Corporation Laminated patient infusion device
US20040232009A1 (en) 2001-10-12 2004-11-25 Hisashi Okuda Concentration measuring method and concentration measuring device
US7575558B2 (en) 2001-10-16 2009-08-18 Pelikan Technologies Inc Universal diagnostic platform
US20030073229A1 (en) 2001-10-16 2003-04-17 Michael Greenstein Thermal regulation of fluidic samples within a diagnostic cartridge
US20090192410A1 (en) 2001-10-16 2009-07-30 Dominique Freeman Universal diagnostic system
US20030073089A1 (en) 2001-10-16 2003-04-17 Mauze Ganapati R. Companion cartridge for disposable diagnostic sensing platforms
US20030073931A1 (en) 2001-10-16 2003-04-17 Dirk Boecker Universal diagnostic platform
US20040260204A1 (en) 2001-10-16 2004-12-23 Agilent Technologies, Inc. Universal diagnostic platform
US20040098010A1 (en) 2001-10-22 2004-05-20 Glenn Davison Confuser crown skin pricker
US7347926B2 (en) 2001-10-26 2008-03-25 Arkray, Inc. Method and apparatus for measuring specific component
US7297152B2 (en) 2001-10-31 2007-11-20 Arkray, Inc. Lancing apparatus
US20040260324A1 (en) 2001-10-31 2004-12-23 Masahiro Fukuzawa Sting device
US20050140659A1 (en) 2001-11-09 2005-06-30 Lifescan, Inc. Alphanumeric keypad and display system and method
US7113172B2 (en) 2001-11-09 2006-09-26 Lifescan, Inc. Alphanumeric keypad and display system and method
US7202854B2 (en) 2001-11-09 2007-04-10 Lifescan, Inc. Alphanumeric keypad and display system and method
US20030089730A1 (en) 2001-11-14 2003-05-15 May Stuart R. Sensor dispensing device
US20030093010A1 (en) 2001-11-15 2003-05-15 Matthias Essenpreis Fluid sampling apparatus
US6659966B2 (en) 2001-11-15 2003-12-09 Roche Diagnostics Corporation Fluid sampling apparatus
US7276146B2 (en) 2001-11-16 2007-10-02 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Electrodes, methods, apparatuses comprising micro-electrode arrays
US20040031682A1 (en) 2001-11-16 2004-02-19 Wilsey Christopher D. Method for determining the concentration of an analyte in a liquid sample using small volume samples and fast test times
US7276147B2 (en) 2001-11-16 2007-10-02 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Method for determining the concentration of an analyte in a liquid sample using small volume samples and fast test times
US20030116447A1 (en) 2001-11-16 2003-06-26 Surridge Nigel A. Electrodes, methods, apparatuses comprising micro-electrode arrays
US6586199B2 (en) 2001-11-20 2003-07-01 Lifescan, Inc. Stabilized tetrazolium reagent compositions and methods for using the same
US6872298B2 (en) 2001-11-20 2005-03-29 Lifescan, Inc. Determination of sample volume adequacy in biosensor devices
US6939685B2 (en) 2001-11-20 2005-09-06 Lifescan, Inc. Stabilized tetrazolium phenazine reagent compositions and methods for using the same
US6814845B2 (en) 2001-11-21 2004-11-09 University Of Kansas Method for depositing an enzyme on an electrically conductive substrate
US20110077553A1 (en) 2001-11-27 2011-03-31 Shl Telemedicine International Ltd. Device for sampling blood droplets under vacuum conditions
US6749887B1 (en) 2001-11-28 2004-06-15 Lifescan, Inc. Solution drying system
US6689411B2 (en) 2001-11-28 2004-02-10 Lifescan, Inc. Solution striping system
US6676995B2 (en) 2001-11-28 2004-01-13 Lifescan, Inc. Solution striping system
US6723500B2 (en) 2001-12-05 2004-04-20 Lifescan, Inc. Test strips having reaction zones and channels defined by a thermally transferred hydrophobic barrier
US6840912B2 (en) 2001-12-07 2005-01-11 Micronix, Inc Consolidated body fluid testing device and method
US20030109777A1 (en) 2001-12-07 2003-06-12 Kloepfer Hans G. Consolidated body fluid testing device and method
US6872299B2 (en) 2001-12-10 2005-03-29 Lifescan, Inc. Passive sample detection to initiate timing of an assay
US20030109860A1 (en) 2001-12-12 2003-06-12 Michael Black Multiple laser treatment
US7199594B2 (en) 2001-12-12 2007-04-03 Lifescan, Inc. Biosensor apparatus and method with sample type and volume detection
US6856125B2 (en) 2001-12-12 2005-02-15 Lifescan, Inc. Biosensor apparatus and method with sample type and volume detection
US20030111357A1 (en) 2001-12-13 2003-06-19 Black Murdo M. Test meter calibration
US6862534B2 (en) 2001-12-14 2005-03-01 Optiscan Biomedical Corporation Method of determining an analyte concentration in a sample from an absorption spectrum
US20030113827A1 (en) * 2001-12-17 2003-06-19 Burkoth Terry L. Non-or minimally invasive monitoring methods
US20030120297A1 (en) 2001-12-20 2003-06-26 Beyerlein Dagmar Bettina Contact and penetration depth sensor for a needle assembly
US7315752B2 (en) 2001-12-22 2008-01-01 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Method and device for determining a light transport parameter in a biological matrix
US20060037859A1 (en) 2002-01-04 2006-02-23 Lifescan, Inc. Electrochemical cell connector
US6601534B2 (en) 2002-01-09 2003-08-05 Embrex, Inc. Methods and apparatus for punching through egg shells with reduced force
US6746872B2 (en) 2002-01-16 2004-06-08 Lifescan, Inc. Control compositions and methods of use for coagulation tests
US6872358B2 (en) 2002-01-16 2005-03-29 Lifescan, Inc. Test strip dispenser
US20050169810A1 (en) 2002-01-16 2005-08-04 Lifescan, Inc. Test strip dispenser
US20050019219A1 (en) 2002-01-18 2005-01-27 Eisaku Oshiman Analyzer having temperature sensor
US20030136189A1 (en) 2002-01-22 2003-07-24 Brian Lauman Capacitance fluid volume measurement
US7251513B2 (en) 2002-01-25 2007-07-31 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Method of measuring biological information using light and apparatus of measuring biological information using light
US20030144609A1 (en) 2002-01-31 2003-07-31 Kennedy Gwenn E. Single use device for blood microsampling
US7357808B2 (en) 2002-01-31 2008-04-15 Facet Technologies, Llc Single use device for blood microsampling
US20080065133A1 (en) 2002-01-31 2008-03-13 Kennedy Gwenn E Lancing device with reuse prevention mechanism
US20080147108A1 (en) 2002-01-31 2008-06-19 Facet Technologies, Llc Microsampling device with re-use prevention
US6863800B2 (en) 2002-02-01 2005-03-08 Abbott Laboratories Electrochemical biosensor strip for analysis of liquid samples
US20030146110A1 (en) 2002-02-01 2003-08-07 Karinka Shirdhara Alva Electrochemical biosensor strip for analysis of liquid samples
US20060094985A1 (en) 2002-02-08 2006-05-04 Rosedale Medical Autonomous, ambulatory analyte monitor or drug delivery device
US20030153900A1 (en) 2002-02-08 2003-08-14 Sarnoff Corporation Autonomous, ambulatory analyte monitor or drug delivery device
US7299079B2 (en) 2002-02-11 2007-11-20 Bayer Healthcare Llc Non-invasive system for the determination of analytes in body fluids
US7244266B2 (en) 2002-02-15 2007-07-17 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. System for pain-reduced withdrawal of blood
US20030225429A1 (en) 2002-02-15 2003-12-04 Claus-Dieter Garthe System for pain-reduced withdrawal of blood
US20050015020A1 (en) 2002-02-21 2005-01-20 Levaughn Richard W Blood sampling device
US20070088377A1 (en) 2002-02-21 2007-04-19 Facet Technologies, Llc Blood sampling device
US20040230216A1 (en) 2002-02-21 2004-11-18 Levaughn Richard W. Blood sampling device
US20030212379A1 (en) 2002-02-26 2003-11-13 Bylund Adam David Systems and methods for remotely controlling medication infusion and analyte monitoring
US6503290B1 (en) 2002-03-01 2003-01-07 Praxair S.T. Technology, Inc. Corrosion resistant powder and coating
US7183102B2 (en) 2002-03-08 2007-02-27 Sensys Medical, Inc. Apparatus using reference measurement for calibration
US20050010090A1 (en) 2002-03-08 2005-01-13 George Acosta Compact apparatus for noninvasive measurement of glucose through near-infrared spectroscopy
US6849456B2 (en) 2002-03-14 2005-02-01 Lifescan, Inc. Test strip qualification system
US6682933B2 (en) 2002-03-14 2004-01-27 Lifescan, Inc. Test strip qualification system
US6673617B2 (en) 2002-03-14 2004-01-06 Lifescan, Inc. Test strip qualification system
US20070162064A1 (en) 2002-03-15 2007-07-12 Starnes Charles D Lancet casing
US7270247B2 (en) 2002-03-18 2007-09-18 Bayer Healthcare Llc Storage cartridge for biosensors
USD475136S1 (en) 2002-03-18 2003-05-27 Omron Corporation Blood pressure monitor
USD484980S1 (en) 2002-03-18 2004-01-06 Braun Gmbh Blood pressure measuring device
US7167735B2 (en) 2002-03-19 2007-01-23 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Concentration measuring instrument, and method of measuring the concentration of a specific component in a subject of measurement
US6866758B2 (en) 2002-03-21 2005-03-15 Roche Diagnostics Corporation Biosensor
US7252804B2 (en) 2002-03-22 2007-08-07 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Body fluid measuring adapter and body fluid measuring unit
US20040133125A1 (en) 2002-03-22 2004-07-08 Mariko Miyashita Body fluid measuring adapter and body fluid measuring unit
US20040007585A1 (en) 2002-04-02 2004-01-15 Griffith Alun W. Test strip vial
US7172728B2 (en) 2002-04-02 2007-02-06 Lifescan, Inc. Test strip containers and methods of using the same
US20050118062A1 (en) 2002-04-02 2005-06-02 Lifescan, Inc. Analyte concentration determination meters and methods of using the same
WO2003082091A2 (en) 2002-04-02 2003-10-09 Inverness Medical Limited Integrated sample testing meter
US20070265532A1 (en) 2002-04-04 2007-11-15 Maynard John D Determination of a Measure of a Glycation End-Product or Disease State Using a Flexible Probe to Determine Tissue Fluorescence of Various Sites
US20040249405A1 (en) 2002-04-04 2004-12-09 Motokazu Watanabe Lancet device
US20030195435A1 (en) 2002-04-12 2003-10-16 Williams Arthur G. Method and apparatus for collecting and transporting capillary blood samples for diagnostic and research evaluation
US7297122B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2007-11-20 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20030199910A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2003-10-23 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20070219462A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2007-09-20 Barry Briggs Methods and apparatus for lancet actuation
US20040224369A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2004-11-11 Xiaohua Cai Disposable sensor with enhanced sample port inlet
US20030199894A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2003-10-23 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for a multi-use body fluid sampling device with optical analyte sensing
US7648468B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2010-01-19 Pelikon Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US7582099B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2009-09-01 Pelikan Technologies, Inc Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20070244499A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2007-10-18 Barry Briggs Methods and apparatus for lancet actuation
US20070219574A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2007-09-20 Dominique Freeman Method and apparatus for a multi-use body fluid sampling device with analyte sensing
US20030199897A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2003-10-23 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20090192411A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2009-07-30 Dominique Freeman Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20030199907A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2003-10-23 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US7563232B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2009-07-21 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20030199902A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2003-10-23 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US7547287B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2009-06-16 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20030199896A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2003-10-23 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20090138032A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2009-05-28 Dominique Freeman Tissue penetration device
US7258693B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2007-08-21 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Device and method for variable speed lancet
US20040092995A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2004-05-13 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for body fluid sampling with improved sensing
US20070191737A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2007-08-16 Dominique Freeman Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20030199893A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2003-10-23 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for a multi-use body fluid sampling device with analyte sensing
US7648469B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2010-01-19 Pelikan Technologies Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20090131830A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2009-05-21 Dominique Freeman Method and Apparatus for Penetrating tissue
US20090131964A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2009-05-21 Dominique Freeman Tissue penetration device
US20090131829A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2009-05-21 Dominique Freeman Tissue penetration device
US20030199899A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2003-10-23 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20040102803A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2004-05-27 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for a multi-use body fluid sampling device
US20070185412A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2007-08-09 Dirk Boecker Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20070255301A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2007-11-01 Dominique Freeman Method and apparatus for a multi-use body fluid sampling device with sterility barrier release
US20090124932A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2009-05-14 Dominique Freeman Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20090112123A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2009-04-30 Dominique Freeman Method for penetrating tissue
US7674232B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2010-03-09 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US7713214B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2010-05-11 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for a multi-use body fluid sampling device with optical analyte sensing
US7524293B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2009-04-28 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US7291117B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2007-11-06 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US7175642B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2007-02-13 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Methods and apparatus for lancet actuation
US20070260271A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2007-11-08 Freeman Dominique M Device and method for variable speed lancet
US20070038235A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2007-02-15 Freeman Dominique M Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20090054813A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2009-02-26 Dominique Freeman Method and apparatus for body fluid sampling and analyte sensing
US20090048536A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2009-02-19 Dominique Freeman Method and apparatus for body fluid sampling and analyte sensing
US7491178B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2009-02-17 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20070043305A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2007-02-22 Dirk Boecker Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20070219573A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2007-09-20 Dominique Freeman Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20070213601A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2007-09-13 Dominique Freeman Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20030199908A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2003-10-23 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US7485128B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2009-02-03 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US7481776B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2009-01-27 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US7901365B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2011-03-08 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20070055174A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2007-03-08 Freeman Dominique M Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20090024009A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2009-01-22 Dominique Freeman Body fluid sampling device with a capacitive sensor
US20030199903A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2003-10-23 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20070219463A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2007-09-20 Barry Briggs Methods and apparatus for lancet actuation
US20030212424A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2003-11-13 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for lancet actuation
US20030199909A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2003-10-23 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20080300614A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2008-12-04 Freeman Dominique M Method and apparatus for multi-use body fluid sampling device with sterility barrier release
US20080294068A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2008-11-27 Barry Briggs Body fluid sampling module with a continuous compression tissue interface surface
US20030199904A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2003-10-23 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20040049220A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2004-03-11 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for a multi-use body fluid sampling device with sterility barrier release
US20110077478A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2011-03-31 Dominique Freeman Body fluid sampling module with a continuous compression tissue interface surface
US7297151B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2007-11-20 Elikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for body fluid sampling with improved sensing
US20040115831A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2004-06-17 Meathrel William G. Diagnostic devices for use in the assaying of biological fluids
US20080249554A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2008-10-09 Dominique Freeman Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20030199790A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2003-10-23 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20030199898A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2003-10-23 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20080214956A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2008-09-04 Barry Dean Briggs Methods and apparatus for lancet actuation
US20070064516A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2007-03-22 Briggs Barry D Methods and apparatus for lancet actuation
US20080194989A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2008-08-14 Barry Dean Briggs Methods and apparatus for lancet actuation
US20070073188A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2007-03-29 Freeman Dominique M Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20070073189A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2007-03-29 Freeman Dominique M Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20070173741A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2007-07-26 Ajay Deshmukh Tissue penetration device
US7198606B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2007-04-03 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for a multi-use body fluid sampling device with analyte sensing
US7410468B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2008-08-12 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20080188771A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2008-08-07 Dirk Boecker Methods and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20030199900A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2003-10-23 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20070173742A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2007-07-26 Dominique Freeman Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20030199911A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2003-10-23 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US6837976B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2005-01-04 Nova Biomedical Corporation Disposable sensor with enhanced sample port inlet
US20070173743A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2007-07-26 Dominique Freeman Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US7331931B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2008-02-19 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20070167871A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2007-07-19 Freeman Dominique M Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20070167874A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2007-07-19 Dominique Freeman Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20110098541A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2011-04-28 Dominique Freeman Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20070167873A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2007-07-19 Dominique Freeman Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20080119761A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2008-05-22 Dirk Boecker Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20070167872A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2007-07-19 Dominique Freeman Method and apparatus for a multi-use body fluid sampling device with sterility barrier release
US8079960B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2011-12-20 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Methods and apparatus for lancet actuation
US7374544B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2008-05-20 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20070167870A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2007-07-19 Freeman Dominique M Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20070167875A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2007-07-19 Dominique Freeman Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US7371247B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2008-05-13 Pelikan Technologies, Inc Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US7244265B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2007-07-17 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20070213756A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2007-09-13 Dominique Freeman Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US7226461B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2007-06-05 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for a multi-use body fluid sampling device with sterility barrier release
US20080009892A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2008-01-10 Dominique Freeman Method and apparatus for a multi-use body fluid sampling device with sterility barrier release
US20030199901A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2003-10-23 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20040010279A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2004-01-15 Freeman Dominique M. Device and method for variable speed lancet
US20030199791A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2003-10-23 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20120232425A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2012-09-13 Freeman Dominique M Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20070100255A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2007-05-03 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for body fluid sampling and analyte sensing
US20080021491A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2008-01-24 Freeman Dominique M Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20030199789A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2003-10-23 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20070142748A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2007-06-21 Ajay Deshmukh Tissue penetration device
US20030199905A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2003-10-23 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20070142747A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2007-06-21 Dirk Boecker Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US7232451B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2007-06-19 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20080027385A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2008-01-31 Freeman Dominique M Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US7229458B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2007-06-12 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US20030199906A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2003-10-23 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue
US7344507B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2008-03-18 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for lancet actuation
US20070219346A1 (en) 2002-04-22 2007-09-20 Mcgill University Glucose sensor and uses thereof
US20030232370A1 (en) 2002-04-22 2003-12-18 Trifiro Mark A. Glucose sensor and uses thereof
US20030199912A1 (en) 2002-04-23 2003-10-23 Pugh Jerry T. Lancing device with automatic stick and return
US20040182703A1 (en) 2002-04-25 2004-09-23 Home Diagnostics, Inc. Systems and methods for blood glucose sensing
US20040039407A1 (en) 2002-04-29 2004-02-26 Steven Schraga Lancet device
US6830668B2 (en) 2002-04-30 2004-12-14 Conductive Technologies, Inc. Small volume electrochemical sensor
US7553511B2 (en) 2002-05-01 2009-06-30 Lifescan, Inc. Hydrophilic coatings for medical implements
US20030208140A1 (en) 2002-05-01 2003-11-06 Pugh Jerry T. Analyte concentration determination devices and methods of using the same
US6847451B2 (en) 2002-05-01 2005-01-25 Lifescan, Inc. Apparatuses and methods for analyte concentration determination
US6801804B2 (en) 2002-05-03 2004-10-05 Aciont, Inc. Device and method for monitoring and controlling electrical resistance at a tissue site undergoing iontophoresis
US20030206828A1 (en) 2002-05-06 2003-11-06 Bell Michael L. Whole blood sampling device
US20030212344A1 (en) 2002-05-09 2003-11-13 Vadim Yuzhakov Physiological sample collection devices and methods of using the same
US20030211619A1 (en) 2002-05-09 2003-11-13 Lorin Olson Continuous strip of fluid sampling and testing devices and methods of making, packaging and using the same
US20080009768A1 (en) 2002-05-09 2008-01-10 Lifescan, Inc. Devices and Methods for Accessing and Analyzing Physiological Fluid
US20030143113A2 (en) 2002-05-09 2003-07-31 Lifescan, Inc. Physiological sample collection devices and methods of using the same
US20030212345A1 (en) 2002-05-09 2003-11-13 Mcallister Devin Minimal procedure analyte test system
US20030212346A1 (en) 2002-05-09 2003-11-13 Vadim V. Yuzhakov Methods of fabricating physiological sample collection devices
US20020168290A1 (en) 2002-05-09 2002-11-14 Yuzhakov Vadim V. Physiological sample collection devices and methods of using the same
US7303726B2 (en) 2002-05-09 2007-12-04 Lifescan, Inc. Minimal procedure analyte test system
US7343188B2 (en) 2002-05-09 2008-03-11 Lifescan, Inc. Devices and methods for accessing and analyzing physiological fluid
US20030212347A1 (en) 2002-05-09 2003-11-13 Borzu Sohrab Devices and methods for accessing and analyzing physiological fluid
US20030212423A1 (en) 2002-05-09 2003-11-13 Pugh Jerry T. Analyte test element with molded lancing blade
US20030210811A1 (en) 2002-05-10 2003-11-13 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Elastomeric actuator devices for magnetic resonance imaging
US6801041B2 (en) 2002-05-14 2004-10-05 Abbott Laboratories Sensor having electrode for determining the rate of flow of a fluid
US20030216767A1 (en) 2002-05-16 2003-11-20 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Blood withdrawal system
US7238192B2 (en) 2002-05-16 2007-07-03 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Blood withdrawal system
US7226978B2 (en) 2002-05-22 2007-06-05 Dexcom, Inc. Techniques to improve polyurethane membranes for implantable glucose sensors
US20030220663A1 (en) 2002-05-22 2003-11-27 Fletcher Henry H. Lancet device
US7322996B2 (en) 2002-05-31 2008-01-29 Facet Technologies, Llc Precisely guided lancet
US20030223906A1 (en) 2002-06-03 2003-12-04 Mcallister Devin Test strip container system
US20090247838A1 (en) 2002-06-05 2009-10-01 Lifescan Scotland Ltd. Analyte testing device
US7241265B2 (en) 2002-06-05 2007-07-10 Diabetes Diagnostics, Inc. Analyte testing device
US20040267105A1 (en) 2002-06-12 2004-12-30 Monfre Stephen L. Apparatus and method for easing use of a spectrophotometric based noninvasive analyzer
US6759190B2 (en) 2002-06-15 2004-07-06 Acon Laboratories, Inc. Test strip for detection of analyte and methods of use
USD477670S1 (en) 2002-06-17 2003-07-22 Lifescan, Inc. Visual blood glucose test strip
US20040015064A1 (en) 2002-06-17 2004-01-22 Parsons James S. Blood sampling apparatus
US20040019250A1 (en) 2002-06-26 2004-01-29 Artsana S.P.A. Device for taking blood samples to tested, for example for the level of glucose contained therein
US7169289B2 (en) 2002-06-28 2007-01-30 november Aktiengesellschaft Gesellschaft für Molekulare Medizin Electrochemical detection method and device
US20040251131A1 (en) 2002-07-02 2004-12-16 Hiroya Ueno Biosensor, biosensor chip, and biosensor device
US7250095B2 (en) 2002-07-11 2007-07-31 Hypoguard Limited Enzyme electrodes and method of manufacture
US20040061841A1 (en) 2002-07-11 2004-04-01 Black Murdo M. Enzyme electrodes and method of manufacture
US7250037B2 (en) 2002-07-22 2007-07-31 Becton, Dickinson And Company Patch-like infusion device
US7278983B2 (en) 2002-07-24 2007-10-09 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Physiological monitoring device for controlling a medication infusion device
US6723111B2 (en) 2002-08-19 2004-04-20 Vital Care Group, Inc. Lancet needle anchor method
US6589261B1 (en) 2002-08-19 2003-07-08 Vitalcare Group, Inc. Lancet needle anchor and method
US20040039408A1 (en) 2002-08-19 2004-02-26 Abulhaj Ramzi F. Lancet needle anchor method
US6780645B2 (en) 2002-08-21 2004-08-24 Lifescan, Inc. Diagnostic kit with a memory storing test strip calibration codes and related methods
US7297241B2 (en) 2002-08-23 2007-11-20 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Method and a device for monitoring a medical microsample in the flow measuring cell of an analyzer
US20040054898A1 (en) 2002-08-28 2004-03-18 International Business Machines Corporation Authenticating and communicating verifiable authorization between disparate network domains
US20040180379A1 (en) 2002-08-30 2004-09-16 Northwestern University Surface-enhanced raman nanobiosensor
US7323098B2 (en) 2002-09-03 2008-01-29 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor and measuring method using the same
US20070123802A1 (en) 2002-09-05 2007-05-31 Freeman Dominique M Methods and apparatus for an analyte detecting device
US20120296233A9 (en) 2002-09-05 2012-11-22 Freeman Dominique M Methods and apparatus for an analyte detecting device
US6852119B1 (en) 2002-09-09 2005-02-08 Ramzi F. Abulhaj Adjustable disposable lancet and method
US7316929B2 (en) 2002-09-10 2008-01-08 Bayer Healthcare Llc Auto-calibration label and apparatus comprising same
US7291256B2 (en) 2002-09-12 2007-11-06 Lifescan, Inc. Mediator stabilized reagent compositions and methods for their use in electrochemical analyte detection assays
US7297627B2 (en) 2002-09-27 2007-11-20 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Multilayer substrate
US7162289B2 (en) 2002-09-27 2007-01-09 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Method and apparatus for enhancing the integrity of an implantable sensor device
US7192405B2 (en) 2002-09-30 2007-03-20 Becton, Dickinson And Company Integrated lancet and bodily fluid sensor
US20070179406A1 (en) 2002-09-30 2007-08-02 Denuzzio John D Integrated lancet and bodily fluid sensor
US20040064068A1 (en) 2002-09-30 2004-04-01 Denuzzio John D. Integrated lancet and bodily fluid sensor
US20040106904A1 (en) 2002-10-07 2004-06-03 Gonnelli Robert R. Microneedle array patch
US7226414B2 (en) 2002-10-09 2007-06-05 Biotex, Inc. Method and apparatus for analyte sensing
US20040138688A1 (en) 2002-10-09 2004-07-15 Jean Pierre Giraud Lancet system including test strips and cassettes for drawing and sampling bodily material
US7213720B2 (en) 2002-10-10 2007-05-08 Csp Technologies, Inc. Resealable moisture tight containers for strips and the like
US20040127928A1 (en) 2002-10-15 2004-07-01 Whitson Robert C. Lancing device
US7282058B2 (en) 2002-10-29 2007-10-16 Palco Labs, Inc. Single-use lancet device
US7049087B2 (en) 2002-11-05 2006-05-23 Lifescan, Inc. Method for manufacturing a tissue factor-based prothrombin time reagent
US20040138588A1 (en) 2002-11-06 2004-07-15 Saikley Charles R Automatic biological analyte testing meter with integrated lancing device and methods of use
US20040173488A1 (en) 2002-11-07 2004-09-09 Griffin Carl E. Disposal device for sampling materials
US20040231984A1 (en) 2002-12-02 2004-11-25 Imants Lauks Heterogeneous membrane electrodes
US20040106941A1 (en) 2002-12-03 2004-06-03 Roe Steven N. Dual blade lancing test strip
US20070106178A1 (en) 2002-12-03 2007-05-10 Roe Steven N Dual blade lancing test strip
US7244264B2 (en) 2002-12-03 2007-07-17 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Dual blade lancing test strip
US20040115754A1 (en) 2002-12-11 2004-06-17 Umax Data Systems Inc. Method for establishing a long-term profile of blood sugar level aiding self-control of the same
US20070092923A1 (en) 2002-12-11 2007-04-26 Chin-Lien Chang Establishing a long-term profile of blood sugar level aiding self-control of the same
US20040122339A1 (en) 2002-12-24 2004-06-24 Roe Steven N. Sampling devices and methods utilizing biased capillary action
US20040127818A1 (en) 2002-12-27 2004-07-01 Roe Steven N. Precision depth control lancing tip
US20040236251A1 (en) 2002-12-27 2004-11-25 Roe Steven N. Precision depth control lancing tip
US20070191738A1 (en) 2002-12-30 2007-08-16 Raney Charles C Integrated analytical test element
US7211052B2 (en) 2002-12-30 2007-05-01 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Flexible test strip lancet device
US20040133127A1 (en) 2002-12-30 2004-07-08 Roe Jeffrey N. Capillary tube tip design to assist blood flow
US20040209354A1 (en) 2002-12-30 2004-10-21 The Regents Of The University Of California Fluid control structures in microfluidic devices
US20040127819A1 (en) 2002-12-30 2004-07-01 Roe Steven N. Blood acquisition suspension system
US20070191739A1 (en) 2002-12-30 2007-08-16 Roe Steven N Flexible test strip lancet device
US20040127929A1 (en) 2002-12-30 2004-07-01 Roe Steven N. Flexible test strip lancet device
US20040132167A1 (en) 2003-01-06 2004-07-08 Peter Rule Cartridge lance
US7228162B2 (en) 2003-01-13 2007-06-05 Isense Corporation Analyte sensor
US20040138541A1 (en) 2003-01-13 2004-07-15 Ward W. Kenneth Single use analyte sensor
US20040178216A1 (en) 2003-01-14 2004-09-16 David Brickwood Sensor dispensing device
US7264139B2 (en) 2003-01-14 2007-09-04 Hypoguard Limited Sensor dispensing device
US7212925B2 (en) 2003-01-21 2007-05-01 Bayer Healthcare Llc. Calibration data entry system for a test instrument
USD484600S1 (en) 2003-01-27 2003-12-30 Inverness Medical Limited Blood glucose test meter
US20040186394A1 (en) 2003-01-29 2004-09-23 Roe Steven N. Integrated lancing test strip
US7374546B2 (en) 2003-01-29 2008-05-20 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Integrated lancing test strip
US20040185568A1 (en) 2003-01-31 2004-09-23 Tanita Corporation Sensor storage solution, sensor calibration solution and sensor
US20040157017A1 (en) 2003-02-06 2004-08-12 Ganapati Mauze Method to reduce damage caused by irradiation of halogenated polymers
US7323315B2 (en) 2003-02-11 2008-01-29 Bayer Healthcare Llc Method for reducing effect of hematocrit on measurement of an analyte in whole blood
US20040154932A1 (en) 2003-02-11 2004-08-12 Yingping Deng Methods of determining the concentration of an analyte in a fluid test sample
US20040161737A1 (en) 2003-02-14 2004-08-19 Yang Dan-Hui D. Novel luminescent metal chelates and methods for their detection
US20050008851A1 (en) 2003-02-18 2005-01-13 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Biosensor
US20040162573A1 (en) 2003-02-19 2004-08-19 Kheiri Mohammad A. Endcap for lancing device and method of use
US20040176705A1 (en) 2003-03-04 2004-09-09 Stevens Timothy A. Cartridge having an integrated collection element for point of care system
US20050054908A1 (en) 2003-03-07 2005-03-10 Blank Thomas B. Photostimulation method and apparatus in combination with glucose determination
US7251518B2 (en) 2003-03-13 2007-07-31 Nirlus Engineering Ag Blood optode
US7277740B2 (en) 2003-03-15 2007-10-02 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Analysis system for reagent-free determination of the concentration of an analyte in living tissue
US7288102B2 (en) 2003-03-20 2007-10-30 Facet Technologies, Llc Lancing device with decoupled lancet
US20040260325A1 (en) 2003-03-20 2004-12-23 Hans-Juergen Kuhr Lancing aid comprising a lancet system that is protected against re-use
US20040249406A1 (en) 2003-03-20 2004-12-09 Griffin Carl E. Lancing device with decoupled lancet
US20040260326A1 (en) 2003-03-24 2004-12-23 Lipoma Michael V. Lancing device with floating lancet
US20040193201A1 (en) 2003-03-24 2004-09-30 Yong Pil Kim Disposable lancing device
US20040254599A1 (en) 2003-03-25 2004-12-16 Lipoma Michael V. Method and apparatus for pre-lancing stimulation of puncture site
US7169117B2 (en) 2003-03-28 2007-01-30 Lifescan, Inc. Integrated lance and strip for analyte measurement
US7473264B2 (en) 2003-03-28 2009-01-06 Lifescan, Inc. Integrated lance and strip for analyte measurement
US20070083335A1 (en) 2003-04-01 2007-04-12 Piet Moerman Method and device for utilizing analyte levels to assist in the treatment of diabetes
US7215982B2 (en) 2003-04-03 2007-05-08 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Method and device for measuring concentration of specific component
US20040197821A1 (en) 2003-04-04 2004-10-07 Bauer Alan Joseph Rapid-detection biosensor
US7227156B2 (en) 2003-04-15 2007-06-05 Sensors For Medicine And Science, Inc. System and method for attenuating the effect of ambient light on an optical sensor
US7157723B2 (en) 2003-04-15 2007-01-02 Sensors For Medicine And Science, Inc. System and method for attenuating the effect of ambient light on an optical sensor
US7271912B2 (en) 2003-04-15 2007-09-18 Optiscan Biomedical Corporation Method of determining analyte concentration in a sample using infrared transmission data
US20070293744A1 (en) 2003-04-16 2007-12-20 Monfre Stephen L Apparatus and method for easing use of a spectrophotometric based noninvasive analyzer
US20070293743A1 (en) 2003-04-16 2007-12-20 Monfre Stephen L Apparatus and method for easing use of a spectrophotometric based noninvasive analyzer
US20040215225A1 (en) 2003-04-23 2004-10-28 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd Lancet device and case therefor
US20040214253A1 (en) 2003-04-25 2004-10-28 Paek Se Hwan Membrane strip biosensor system for point-of-care testing
US20040219535A1 (en) 2003-05-01 2004-11-04 Bell Michael L. Sensor system for saccharides
US20070032812A1 (en) 2003-05-02 2007-02-08 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for a tissue penetrating device user interface
US7266400B2 (en) 2003-05-06 2007-09-04 Orsense Ltd. Glucose level control method and system
US7254426B2 (en) 2003-05-07 2007-08-07 Hitachi, Ltd. Blood sugar level measuring apparatus
US7254430B2 (en) 2003-05-07 2007-08-07 Hitachi, Ltd. Measuring apparatus for measuring a metabolic characteristic in a human body
US20040225312A1 (en) 2003-05-09 2004-11-11 Phoenix Bioscience Linearly lancing integrated pivot disposable
US20040231983A1 (en) 2003-05-20 2004-11-25 Shen Joseph C.L. Electrochemical sensor with sample pre-treatment function
US20040236362A1 (en) 2003-05-20 2004-11-25 Stat Medical Devices, Inc. Adjustable lancet device and method
US20070055297A1 (en) 2003-05-21 2007-03-08 Arkray, Inc. Needle insertion device
US7192450B2 (en) 2003-05-21 2007-03-20 Dexcom, Inc. Porous membranes for use with implantable devices
US20070055298A1 (en) 2003-05-21 2007-03-08 Arkray, Inc Inssertion depth-adjustable needle insertion device
US7225008B1 (en) 2003-05-21 2007-05-29 Isense Corporation Multiple use analyte sensing assembly
US20040238359A1 (en) 2003-05-28 2004-12-02 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Biosensor
US20040243164A1 (en) 2003-05-29 2004-12-02 D'agostino Daniel M. Lancet device
US7303573B2 (en) 2003-05-29 2007-12-04 Abbott Laboratories Lancet device
EP1486766B1 (en) 2003-05-29 2010-07-28 Bayer HealthCare LLC Diagnostic test strip for collecting and detecting an analyte in a fluid sample and method for using same
US20040238358A1 (en) 2003-05-30 2004-12-02 Forrow Nigel John Biosensor
US7311812B2 (en) 2003-05-30 2007-12-25 Abbott Laboratories Biosensor
US20070129650A1 (en) 2003-05-30 2007-06-07 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for fluid injection
US20040242977A1 (en) 2003-06-02 2004-12-02 Dosmann Andrew J. Non-invasive methods of detecting analyte concentrations using hyperosmotic fluids
US20050164299A1 (en) 2003-06-03 2005-07-28 Bay Materials Llc Phase change sensor
US7462265B2 (en) 2003-06-06 2008-12-09 Lifescan, Inc. Reduced volume electrochemical sensor
US20040248312A1 (en) 2003-06-06 2004-12-09 Bayer Healthcare, Llc Sensor with integrated lancet
US7258673B2 (en) 2003-06-06 2007-08-21 Lifescan, Inc Devices, systems and methods for extracting bodily fluid and monitoring an analyte therein
US20080021490A1 (en) 2003-06-06 2008-01-24 Barry Dean Briggs Method and Apparatus for Body Fluid Sampling and Analyte Sensing
US7288174B2 (en) 2003-06-09 2007-10-30 I-Sens, Inc. Electrochemical biosensor
US20050000808A1 (en) 2003-06-09 2005-01-06 I-Sens, Inc. Electrochemical biosensor
US20050003470A1 (en) 2003-06-10 2005-01-06 Therasense, Inc. Glucose measuring device for use in personal area network
US20040254434A1 (en) 2003-06-10 2004-12-16 Goodnow Timothy T. Glucose measuring module and insulin pump combination
US7604592B2 (en) 2003-06-13 2009-10-20 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for a point of care device
US20040256228A1 (en) 2003-06-17 2004-12-23 Chun-Mu Huang Structure and manufacturing method of disposable electrochemical sensor strip
US20040258564A1 (en) 2003-06-18 2004-12-23 Charlton Steven C. Containers for reading and handling diagnostic reagents and methods of using the same
US20040256248A1 (en) 2003-06-20 2004-12-23 Burke David W. System and method for analyte measurement using dose sufficiency electrodes
WO2004112612A1 (en) 2003-06-20 2004-12-29 Facet Technologies, Llc Concealed lancet cartridge for lancing device
US20050019212A1 (en) 2003-06-20 2005-01-27 Bhullar Raghbir S. Test strip with flared sample receiving chamber
US20050019953A1 (en) 2003-06-20 2005-01-27 Henning Groll System and method for coding information on a biosensor test strip
US20050013731A1 (en) 2003-06-20 2005-01-20 Burke David W. Test strip with slot vent opening
US20050033340A1 (en) 2003-06-20 2005-02-10 Lipoma Michael V. Concealed lancet cartridge for lancing device
US20050016844A1 (en) 2003-06-20 2005-01-27 Burke David W. Reagent stripe for test strip
US20070278097A1 (en) 2003-06-20 2007-12-06 Bhullar Raghbir S Biosensor with laser-sealed capillary space and method of making
US20040260511A1 (en) 2003-06-20 2004-12-23 Burke David W. System and method for determining an abused sensor during analyte measurement
US20050019805A1 (en) 2003-06-20 2005-01-27 Henning Groll System and method for coding information on a biosensor test strip
US20050019945A1 (en) 2003-06-20 2005-01-27 Henning Groll System and method for coding information on a biosensor test strip
US20050008537A1 (en) 2003-06-20 2005-01-13 Dan Mosoiu Method and reagent for producing narrow, homogenous reagent stripes
US20040267300A1 (en) 2003-06-27 2004-12-30 Mace Chad Harold Lancing device
US20040267299A1 (en) 2003-06-30 2004-12-30 Kuriger Rex J. Lancing devices and methods of using the same
US20050000806A1 (en) 2003-07-01 2005-01-06 Jun-Wei Hsieh Biosensor for monitoring an analyte content with a partial voltage generated therefrom
US7347925B2 (en) 2003-07-01 2008-03-25 Transpacific Ip, Ltd. Biosensor for monitoring an analyte content with a partial voltage generated therefrom
US20050000807A1 (en) 2003-07-04 2005-01-06 Kuo-Jeng Wang Biosensor with multi-channel A/D conversion and a method thereof
US20050009191A1 (en) 2003-07-08 2005-01-13 Swenson Kirk D. Point of care information management system
EP1643908B1 (en) 2003-07-16 2008-09-24 Roche Diagnostics GmbH System for withdrawing body fluid
US20080058848A1 (en) 2003-07-28 2008-03-06 Don Griffin Endcap for a Sampling Device
US20070135828A1 (en) 2003-07-29 2007-06-14 Wlodzimierz Rutynowski Puncturing Device
US20060229652A1 (en) 2003-07-31 2006-10-12 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd Puncturing instrument, puncturing needle cartridge, puncturing instrument set, and puncturing needle discardment instrument
US7276029B2 (en) 2003-08-01 2007-10-02 Dexcom, Inc. System and methods for processing analyte sensor data
US20050027181A1 (en) 2003-08-01 2005-02-03 Goode Paul V. System and methods for processing analyte sensor data
US20060222566A1 (en) 2003-08-01 2006-10-05 Brauker James H Transcutaneous analyte sensor
US20070288047A1 (en) 2003-08-07 2007-12-13 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Blood withdrawal system
US7273484B2 (en) 2003-08-07 2007-09-25 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Blood withdrawal system
US7223248B2 (en) 2003-08-13 2007-05-29 Lifescan, Inc. Packaged medical device with a deployable dermal tissue penetration member
US20080255598A1 (en) 2003-08-20 2008-10-16 Facet Technologies, Llc Lancing Device With Replaceable Multi-Lancet Carousel
US7501052B2 (en) 2003-08-21 2009-03-10 Agamatrix, Inc. Method and apparatus for assay of electrochemical properties
US20050049472A1 (en) 2003-08-29 2005-03-03 Medtronic, Inc. Implantable biosensor devices for monitoring cardiac marker molecules
US7305896B2 (en) 2003-09-01 2007-12-11 Inverness Medical Switzerland Gmbh Capillary fill test device
US7236812B1 (en) 2003-09-02 2007-06-26 Biotex, Inc. System, device and method for determining the concentration of an analyte
US7291497B2 (en) 2003-09-11 2007-11-06 Theranos, Inc. Medical device for analyte monitoring and drug delivery
US20070032813A1 (en) 2003-09-18 2007-02-08 Facet Technologies, Llc Lancing device with pivoting end cap
US7328052B2 (en) 2003-09-19 2008-02-05 Nir Diagnostics Inc. Near infrared risk assessment of diseases
US7254427B2 (en) 2003-09-24 2007-08-07 Hitachi, Ltd. Optical measurements apparatus and blood sugar level measuring apparatus using the same
US20090204025A1 (en) 2003-09-29 2009-08-13 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for an improved sample capture device
US7357851B2 (en) 2003-09-30 2008-04-15 Abbott Laboratories Electrochemical cell
US7156810B2 (en) 2003-10-08 2007-01-02 Hitachi, Ltd. Blood sugar level measuring method and apparatus
US20050149090A1 (en) 2003-10-10 2005-07-07 Susumu Morita Lancet cassette and lancet ejecting device, and lancet assembly composed of them
US20080194987A1 (en) 2003-10-14 2008-08-14 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and Apparatus For a Variable User Interface
US20070264721A1 (en) 2003-10-17 2007-11-15 Buck Harvey B System and method for analyte measurement using a nonlinear sample response
US7481818B2 (en) 2003-10-20 2009-01-27 Lifescan Lancing device with a floating probe for control of penetration depth
US20070078360A1 (en) 2003-10-29 2007-04-05 Arkray, Inc. Lancet and lancing apparatus
US20070276621A1 (en) 2003-10-31 2007-11-29 Davies Oliver William H Method of Reducing the Effect of Direct Interference Current in an Electrochemical Test Strip
US20100018878A1 (en) 2003-10-31 2010-01-28 Lifescan Scotland Ltd. Method of reducing interferences in an electrochemical sensor using two different applied potentials
US20080081969A1 (en) 2003-10-31 2008-04-03 Abbott Diabetes Care, Inc. Method of calibrating of an analyte-measurement device, and associated methods, devices and systems
US7179233B2 (en) 2003-10-31 2007-02-20 Yu-Hong Chang Compact structure of a new biosensor monitor
US7299082B2 (en) 2003-10-31 2007-11-20 Abbott Diabetes Care, Inc. Method of calibrating an analyte-measurement device, and associated methods, devices and systems
WO2005045414A1 (en) 2003-10-31 2005-05-19 Lifescan Scotland Limited Electrochemical test strip for reducing the effect of direct interference current
US7655119B2 (en) 2003-10-31 2010-02-02 Lifescan Scotland Limited Meter for use in an improved method of reducing interferences in an electrochemical sensor using two different applied potentials
US7618522B2 (en) 2003-10-31 2009-11-17 Lifescan Scotland Limited Method of reducing interferences in an electrochemical sensor using two different applied potentials
US7653492B2 (en) 2003-10-31 2010-01-26 Lifescan Scotland Limited Method of reducing the effect of direct interference current in an electrochemical test strip
US20070027427A1 (en) 2003-10-31 2007-02-01 Trautman Joseph C Self-actuating applicator for microprojection array
US7294246B2 (en) 2003-11-06 2007-11-13 3M Innovative Properties Company Electrode for electrochemical sensors
US7378270B2 (en) 2003-11-10 2008-05-27 Sentec Scientific, Inc. Device for analyte measurement
US20080082117A1 (en) 2003-11-12 2008-04-03 Facet Technologies, Llc Lancing device
US20080039887A1 (en) 2003-11-12 2008-02-14 Facet Technologies, Llc Lancing device and multi-lancet cartridge
US20070131565A1 (en) 2003-12-04 2007-06-14 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Method of measuring blood component, sensor used in the method, and measuring device
US20090030441A1 (en) 2003-12-05 2009-01-29 Virotek, Llc Lancet device and method
US20070265654A1 (en) 2003-12-15 2007-11-15 Toshiaki Iio Puncture needle cartridge and lancet for blood collection
US7361182B2 (en) 2003-12-19 2008-04-22 Lightnix, Inc. Medical lancet
US20100292611A1 (en) 2003-12-31 2010-11-18 Paul Lum Method and apparatus for improving fluidic flow and sample capture
US7310542B2 (en) 2004-01-20 2007-12-18 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Non-invasive body component concentration measuring apparatus and method of noninvasively measuring a concentration of a body component using the same
US20050163176A1 (en) 2004-01-26 2005-07-28 Li-Ning You Green diode laser
US20080039885A1 (en) 2004-02-06 2008-02-14 Purcell D Glenn Dampening And Retraction Mechanism For A Lancing Device
US7254428B2 (en) 2004-02-17 2007-08-07 Hitachi, Ltd. Blood sugar level measuring apparatus
US7251515B2 (en) 2004-02-17 2007-07-31 Hitachi, Ltd. Blood sugar level measuring apparatus
US7251514B2 (en) 2004-02-26 2007-07-31 Hitachi, Ltd. Blood sugar level measuring apparatus
US20070255302A1 (en) 2004-03-02 2007-11-01 Facet Technologies, Llc Compact Multi-Use Lancing Device
US7166208B2 (en) 2004-03-03 2007-01-23 Stephen Eliot Zweig Apoenzyme reactivation electrochemical detection method and assay
WO2005084546A2 (en) 2004-03-06 2005-09-15 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Body fluid sampling device
US20070038149A1 (en) 2004-03-06 2007-02-15 Calasso Irio G Body fluid sampling device
US20070282362A1 (en) 2004-03-30 2007-12-06 Bjorn Berg Sampler Device
US7665303B2 (en) 2004-03-31 2010-02-23 Lifescan Scotland, Ltd. Method of segregating a bolus of fluid using a pneumatic actuator in a fluid handling circuit
US7059352B2 (en) 2004-03-31 2006-06-13 Lifescan Scotland Triggerable passive valve for use in controlling the flow of fluid
US7156117B2 (en) 2004-03-31 2007-01-02 Lifescan Scotland Limited Method of controlling the movement of fluid through a microfluidic circuit using an array of triggerable passive valves
US20070118051A1 (en) 2004-04-10 2007-05-24 Stephan Korner Method and system for withdrawing body fluid
US20070229085A1 (en) 2004-04-12 2007-10-04 Arkray, Inc. Analyzer
US20060100542A9 (en) 2004-04-15 2006-05-11 Daniel Wong Integrated spot monitoring device with fluid sensor
US20080161725A1 (en) 2004-04-15 2008-07-03 Daniel Wong Integrated spot monitoring device with fluid sensor
US7351213B2 (en) 2004-04-15 2008-04-01 Roche Diagnostics Operation, Inc. Integrated spot monitoring device with fluid sensor
US20080065134A1 (en) 2004-04-16 2008-03-13 Conway William E Cap displacement mechanism for lancing device and multi-lancet cartridge
US20080058849A1 (en) 2004-04-16 2008-03-06 Conway William E Cap displacement mechanism for lancing device and multi-lancet cartridge
US20080058631A1 (en) 2004-04-16 2008-03-06 Draudt Gregg R Blood glucose meter having integral lancet device and test strip storage vial for single handed use and methods for using same
US7322997B2 (en) 2004-04-16 2008-01-29 Guoping Shi Automatic safe disposable blood sampling device of casing self-locking type
US20070102312A1 (en) 2004-04-23 2007-05-10 Eun Jong CHA Safe lancet disposer
US7188034B2 (en) 2004-04-24 2007-03-06 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Method and device for monitoring an analyte concentration in the living body of a human or animal
US20070225741A1 (en) 2004-04-26 2007-09-27 Yoshiaki Ikeda Lancet Device for Forming Incision
US7879058B2 (en) 2004-04-26 2011-02-01 Asahi Polyslider Company, Limted Lancet device for forming incision
US7169116B2 (en) 2004-04-29 2007-01-30 Lifescan, Inc. Actuation system for a bodily fluid extraction device and associated methods
WO2005104948A1 (en) 2004-04-30 2005-11-10 F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ag Test magazine and method for using them
US7322942B2 (en) 2004-05-07 2008-01-29 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Integrated disposable for automatic or manual blood dosing
US20080161724A1 (en) 2004-05-07 2008-07-03 Roe Jeffrey N Integrated disposable for automatic or manual blood dosing
US7251516B2 (en) 2004-05-11 2007-07-31 Nostix Llc Noninvasive glucose sensor
US20080109259A1 (en) 2004-05-14 2008-05-08 Bayer Healthcare Llc Method and Apparatus for Implementing Patient Data Download for Multiple Different Meter Types
US20070219432A1 (en) 2004-05-14 2007-09-20 Thompson Brian C Method and Apparatus for Automatic Detection of Meter Connection and Transfer of Data
US20080105568A1 (en) 2004-05-14 2008-05-08 Bayer Healthcare Llc, Diabetes Cares Division Voltammetric Systems For Assaying Biological Analytes
US20070225742A1 (en) 2004-05-17 2007-09-27 Teruyuki Abe Lancet Assembly
US7320412B2 (en) 2004-05-20 2008-01-22 Innovative Product Achievements, Inc. Dispensing systems and methods
US20070233166A1 (en) 2004-05-27 2007-10-04 Facet Technologies, Llc Low-Cost Lancing Device with Cantilevered Leaf Spring for Launch and Return
US20090069716A1 (en) 2004-06-03 2009-03-12 Dominique Freeman Method and apparatus for a fluid sampling device
WO2005120365A1 (en) 2004-06-03 2005-12-22 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for a fluid sampling device
US7299081B2 (en) 2004-06-15 2007-11-20 Abbott Laboratories Analyte test device
US20080033318A1 (en) 2004-06-15 2008-02-07 Abbott Laboratories Analyte Test Device
US20070185515A1 (en) 2004-06-25 2007-08-09 Facet Technologies, Llc Low cost safety lancet
US20080119883A1 (en) 2004-06-30 2008-05-22 Facet Technologies, Llc Lancing Device and Multi-Lancet Cartridge
US7215983B2 (en) 2004-06-30 2007-05-08 Hitachi, Ltd. Blood sugar level measuring apparatus
US7251517B2 (en) 2004-06-30 2007-07-31 Hitachi, Ltd. Blood sugar level measuring apparatus
US7313425B2 (en) 2004-07-08 2007-12-25 Orsense Ltd. Device and method for non-invasive optical measurements
US20070176120A1 (en) 2004-07-09 2007-08-02 Karin Schwind Method for the selective sterilization of diagnostic test elements
US20080031778A1 (en) 2004-07-09 2008-02-07 Peter Kramer Analytical Test Element
US20070027370A1 (en) 2004-07-13 2007-02-01 Brauker James H Analyte sensor
US7310544B2 (en) 2004-07-13 2007-12-18 Dexcom, Inc. Methods and systems for inserting a transcutaneous analyte sensor
US20070250099A1 (en) 2004-07-20 2007-10-25 Flora Bruce A Multiple Tip Lancet
US20080021291A1 (en) 2004-07-27 2008-01-24 Abbott Laboratories Integrated Lancet and Blood Glucose Meter System
US7344500B2 (en) 2004-07-27 2008-03-18 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Sensing system with auxiliary display
US7592151B2 (en) 2004-07-28 2009-09-22 Lifescan, Inc. Redox polymers for use in electrochemical-based sensors
US7429630B2 (en) 2004-07-28 2008-09-30 Lifescan Scotland Limited Redox polymers for use in electrochemical-based sensors
US20070219572A1 (en) 2004-07-31 2007-09-20 Frank Deck Integrated device for diagnostic purposes
US20060030050A1 (en) 2004-08-03 2006-02-09 Axis-Shield Diagnostics Limited Assay
US7254429B2 (en) 2004-08-11 2007-08-07 Glucolight Corporation Method and apparatus for monitoring glucose levels in a biological tissue
US20080021293A1 (en) 2004-08-11 2008-01-24 Glucolight Corporation Method and apparatus for monitoring glucose levels in a biological tissue
US20070255300A1 (en) 2004-08-19 2007-11-01 Facet Technologies, Llc Loosely coupled lancet
US7236814B2 (en) 2004-08-20 2007-06-26 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Optical member for biological information measurement, biological information calculation apparatus, biological information calculation method, computer-executable program, and recording medium
US20070265511A1 (en) 2004-08-26 2007-11-15 Renouf Elissa L Diabetes Blood Glucose Test Site Cleaning Kit
US7572356B2 (en) 2004-08-31 2009-08-11 Lifescan Scotland Limited Electrochemical-based sensor with a redox polymer and redox enzyme entrapped by a dialysis membrane
US20080114228A1 (en) 2004-08-31 2008-05-15 Mccluskey Joseph Method Of Manufacturing An Auto-Calibrating Sensor
US20070233167A1 (en) 2004-09-04 2007-10-04 Thomas Weiss Lancing apparatus for producing a puncture wound
US20080103517A1 (en) 2004-09-06 2008-05-01 Termumo Kabushiki Kaisha Lancet Instrument
US20080119884A1 (en) 2004-09-09 2008-05-22 Flora Bruce A Single Puncture Lancing Fixture with Depth Adjustment and Control of Contact Force
US20080097503A1 (en) 2004-09-09 2008-04-24 Creaven John P Damping System for a Lancet Using Compressed Air
US20070232956A1 (en) 2004-09-13 2007-10-04 Microsample Ltd. Method and Apparatus for Sampling and Analysis of Fluids
US7308164B1 (en) 2004-09-16 2007-12-11 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Method for texturing surfaces of optical fiber sensors used for blood glucose monitoring
US7351770B2 (en) 2004-09-30 2008-04-01 Lifescan, Inc. Ionic hydrophilic high molecular weight redox polymers for use in enzymatic electrochemical-based sensors
US7402616B2 (en) 2004-09-30 2008-07-22 Lifescan, Inc. Fusible conductive ink for use in manufacturing microfluidic analytical systems
US20080058847A1 (en) 2004-10-06 2008-03-06 Izumi-Cosmo Company, Limited Lancet assembly
US20080021296A1 (en) 2004-10-21 2008-01-24 Creaven John P Sensor-Dispensing Device And Mechanism For Extracting Sensor
US20080108130A1 (en) 2004-11-25 2008-05-08 Takahiro Nakaminami Sensor Device
US20070293790A1 (en) 2004-11-29 2007-12-20 Gregor Bainczyk Diagnostic system for determining substance concentrations in liquid samples
US20070293882A1 (en) 2004-12-02 2007-12-20 Herbert Harttig Pricking device for taking blood
US7337918B2 (en) 2004-12-03 2008-03-04 Nova Biomedical Corporation Test strip dispenser
US20080040919A1 (en) 2004-12-17 2008-02-21 Patrick Griss Method for producing a pricking element
US20080009893A1 (en) 2004-12-20 2008-01-10 Facet Technologies, Llc Lancing Device with Releasable Threaded Enclosure
US20080004651A1 (en) 2004-12-21 2008-01-03 Owen Mumford Ltd. Skin Pricking Apparatus
US20080077168A1 (en) 2004-12-21 2008-03-27 Owen Mumford Ltd. Skin Pricking Apparatus
USD522656S1 (en) 2004-12-29 2006-06-06 Lifescan Scotland Limited Analyte test meter
USD542681S1 (en) 2004-12-29 2007-05-15 Lifescan Scotland Limited Analyte test meter user interface display screen image
US20080214917A1 (en) 2004-12-30 2008-09-04 Dirk Boecker Method and apparatus for analyte measurement test time
US20080210574A1 (en) 2004-12-30 2008-09-04 Dirk Boecker Method and apparatus for analyte measurement test time
US20080094804A1 (en) 2005-01-14 2008-04-24 Reynolds Jeffrey S Test Sensor Cartridges and Sensor-Dispensing Instruments
US20060160100A1 (en) 2005-01-19 2006-07-20 Agency For Science, Technology And Research Enzymatic electrochemical detection assay using protective monolayer and device therefor
US20080159913A1 (en) 2005-02-01 2008-07-03 Sung-Kwon Jung Fluid Sensor and Kit
US20080007141A1 (en) 2005-02-01 2008-01-10 Frank Deck Drive unit for medical devices
US20070061393A1 (en) 2005-02-01 2007-03-15 Moore James F Management of health care data
US20080015623A1 (en) 2005-02-03 2008-01-17 Frank Deck Electromechanical pricking aid for taking liquid samples
US20060184065A1 (en) 2005-02-10 2006-08-17 Ajay Deshmukh Method and apparatus for storing an analyte sampling and measurement device
US20080214909A1 (en) 2005-02-21 2008-09-04 Otto Fuerst Catheter With Microchannels For Monitoring The Concentration Of An Analyte In A Bodily Fluid
US20070207498A1 (en) 2005-02-24 2007-09-06 Lifescan, Inc. Design and construction of dimeric concanavalin a mutants
US20060247154A1 (en) 2005-02-24 2006-11-02 Lifescan, Inc. Concanavalin a, methods of expressing, purifying and characterizing concanavalina, and sensors including the same
US20070167869A1 (en) 2005-03-02 2007-07-19 Roe Steven N System and method for breaking a sterility seal to engage a lancet
US20080082023A1 (en) 2005-03-03 2008-04-03 Frank Deck Puncturing system for withdrawing a body fluid
US20080140105A1 (en) 2005-03-04 2008-06-12 Weiping Zhong Lancet Release Mechanism
US20080167673A1 (en) 2005-03-04 2008-07-10 Weiping Zhong Lancet Release Mechanism
US20060234263A1 (en) 2005-03-10 2006-10-19 Gen-Probe Incorporated Method for reducing the presence of amplification inhibitors in a reaction receptacle
US20080060424A1 (en) 2005-03-22 2008-03-13 Branislav Babic Test element for analyzing body fluids
US20080065131A1 (en) 2005-03-24 2008-03-13 Hans List Analytical aid
USD545438S1 (en) 2005-04-01 2007-06-26 Agamatrix, Inc. Analyte meter
US7833172B2 (en) 2005-04-07 2010-11-16 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Method and device for the extraction of a body fluid
US7588670B2 (en) 2005-04-12 2009-09-15 Lifescan Scotland Limited Enzymatic electrochemical-based sensor
US20080166269A1 (en) 2005-04-12 2008-07-10 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Device For Analyzing a Liquid Sample
US7465380B2 (en) 2005-04-12 2008-12-16 Lifescan Scotland, Ltd. Water-miscible conductive ink for use in enzymatic electrochemical-based sensors
US20080073224A1 (en) 2005-04-15 2008-03-27 Agamatrix,Inc. Method and apparatus for providing stable voltage to analytical system
US20060231423A1 (en) 2005-04-15 2006-10-19 Agamatrix, Inc Analyte determination method and analyte meter
US7308292B2 (en) 2005-04-15 2007-12-11 Sensors For Medicine And Science, Inc. Optical-based sensing devices
US7372277B2 (en) 2005-04-15 2008-05-13 Agamatrix, Inc. Method and apparatus for providing stable voltage to analytical system
US20060232528A1 (en) 2005-04-15 2006-10-19 Agamatrix, Inc. Apparatus and method for use of large liquid crystal display with small driver
US20060233666A1 (en) 2005-04-15 2006-10-19 Agamatrix, Inc. Visual display for meter testing bodily fluids
US20060231425A1 (en) 2005-04-15 2006-10-19 Agamatrix, Inc. Method and Apparatus for Detection of Abnormal Traces during Electrochemical Analyte Detection
US7344626B2 (en) 2005-04-15 2008-03-18 Agamatrix, Inc. Method and apparatus for detection of abnormal traces during electrochemical analyte detection
US20060231421A1 (en) 2005-04-15 2006-10-19 Agamatrix, Inc. Method for Determination of Analyte Concentrations and Related Apparatus
US20060232278A1 (en) 2005-04-15 2006-10-19 Agamatrix, Inc. method and apparatus for providing stable voltage to analytical system
US20070049901A1 (en) 2005-04-25 2007-03-01 Wu Jeffrey M Method of treating acne with stratum corneum piercing device
US20100215225A1 (en) 2005-04-28 2010-08-26 Takayuki Kadomura Image display apparatus and program
US20080135559A1 (en) 2005-05-04 2008-06-12 Randy Byrd Container for Maintaining Stabilized Control Solution and Container for Single-Use Control Solution Including Prior Use Indicator
US20080125801A1 (en) 2005-05-20 2008-05-29 Hans List Lancet system with a sterile protector
US20080125800A1 (en) 2005-05-20 2008-05-29 Hans List Lancet system with a sterile protector
US20060266644A1 (en) 2005-05-25 2006-11-30 Lifescan, Inc. Method and apparatus for electrochemical analysis
US20070205103A1 (en) 2005-05-25 2007-09-06 Lifescan, Inc. Method and apparatus for electrochemical analysis
US20060266765A1 (en) 2005-05-25 2006-11-30 Lifescan, Inc. Sensor dispenser device and method of use
US7316766B2 (en) 2005-05-27 2008-01-08 Taidoc Technology Corporation Electrochemical biosensor strip
US20060279431A1 (en) 2005-06-08 2006-12-14 Agamatrix, Inc. Data collection system and interface
US20060281187A1 (en) 2005-06-13 2006-12-14 Rosedale Medical, Inc. Analyte detection devices and methods with hematocrit/volume correction and feedback control
US20070083222A1 (en) 2005-06-16 2007-04-12 Stat Medical Devices, Inc. Lancet device, removal system for lancet device, and method
US20070129618A1 (en) 2005-06-20 2007-06-07 Daniel Goldberger Blood parameter testing system
US20080144022A1 (en) 2005-06-22 2008-06-19 Jochen Schulat Analysis system for analyzing a sample on an analytical test element
USD546216S1 (en) 2005-07-11 2007-07-10 Lifescan Scotland Limited Analyte test meter
WO2007010087A2 (en) 2005-07-19 2007-01-25 Ihq Innovation Headquarters Oy Health monitoring device, device modules and method
US7254432B2 (en) 2005-08-17 2007-08-07 Orsense Ltd. Method and device for non-invasive measurements of blood parameters
US20070060842A1 (en) 2005-08-29 2007-03-15 Manuel Alvarez-Icaza Lancing cap kit applied pressure sensing cap
US20070060843A1 (en) 2005-08-29 2007-03-15 Manuel Alvarez-Icaza Method for lancing a target site with applied pressure sensing
US20070060844A1 (en) 2005-08-29 2007-03-15 Manuel Alvarez-Icaza Applied pressure sensing cap for a lancing device
US20070049959A1 (en) 2005-08-31 2007-03-01 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Device for sampling blood
EP1921992B1 (en) 2005-09-03 2008-12-24 Roche Diagnostics GmbH Hand-held device for producing a hole on the skin
US20080208079A1 (en) 2005-09-03 2008-08-28 Heinz-Michael Hein Method for creating a puncture wound and handheld apparatus suitable therefor
US20070093752A1 (en) 2005-09-19 2007-04-26 Lifescan, Inc. Infusion Pumps With A Position Detector
US20070093753A1 (en) 2005-09-19 2007-04-26 Lifescan, Inc. Malfunction Detection Via Pressure Pulsation
US20070062250A1 (en) 2005-09-19 2007-03-22 Lifescan, Inc. Malfunction Detection With Derivative Calculation
US20070066939A1 (en) 2005-09-19 2007-03-22 Lifescan, Inc. Electrokinetic Infusion Pump System
US20070066940A1 (en) 2005-09-19 2007-03-22 Lifescan, Inc. Systems and Methods for Detecting a Partition Position in an Infusion Pump
US20070062251A1 (en) 2005-09-19 2007-03-22 Lifescan, Inc. Infusion Pump With Closed Loop Control and Algorithm
US20070083130A1 (en) 2005-09-26 2007-04-12 Anne Thomson Method for promoting bodily fluid expression from a target site
US20070068807A1 (en) 2005-09-27 2007-03-29 Abbott Diabetes Care, Inc. In vitro analyte sensor and methods of use
US20070179405A1 (en) 2005-09-30 2007-08-02 Rosedale Medical, Inc. Multi-site body fluid sampling and analysis cartridge
US20080064987A1 (en) 2005-09-30 2008-03-13 Intuity Medical, Inc. Catalysts for body fluid sample extraction
US20070179404A1 (en) 2005-09-30 2007-08-02 Rosedale Medical, Inc. Fully integrated wearable or handheld monitor
US20070074977A1 (en) 2005-09-30 2007-04-05 Lifescan, Inc. Method and apparatus for rapid electrochemical analysis
US20070083131A1 (en) 2005-09-30 2007-04-12 Rosedale Medical, Inc. Catalysts for body fluid sample extraction
US20070078358A1 (en) 2005-09-30 2007-04-05 Rosedale Medical, Inc. Devices and methods for facilitating fluid transport
US20070276290A1 (en) 2005-10-04 2007-11-29 Dirk Boecker Tissue Penetrating Apparatus
US20070078474A1 (en) 2005-10-05 2007-04-05 Kim Yong P Single-use lancet device
US20090196580A1 (en) 2005-10-06 2009-08-06 Freeman Dominique M Method and apparatus for an analyte detecting device
US20080262387A1 (en) 2005-10-08 2008-10-23 Hans List Puncturing system
US20070080093A1 (en) 2005-10-11 2007-04-12 Agamatrix, Inc. Vial for test strips
US20070123803A1 (en) 2005-10-12 2007-05-31 Masaki Fujiwara Blood sensor, blood testing apparatus, and method for controlling blood testing apparatus
US20080249435A1 (en) 2005-10-15 2008-10-09 Hans-Peter Haar Test element and test system for examining a body fluid
US7468125B2 (en) 2005-10-17 2008-12-23 Lifescan, Inc. System and method of processing a current sample for calculating a glucose concentration
US20070084749A1 (en) 2005-10-18 2007-04-19 Agamatrix, Inc. Vial for test strips
US7501093B2 (en) 2005-10-18 2009-03-10 Agamatrix, Inc. Vial for test strips
US20070093863A1 (en) 2005-10-20 2007-04-26 Pugh Jerry T Cap for a dermal tissue lancing device
US20070093864A1 (en) 2005-10-20 2007-04-26 Pugh Jerry T Method for lancing a dermal tissue target site
US20070100256A1 (en) 2005-10-28 2007-05-03 Sansom Gordon G Analyte monitoring system with integrated lancing apparatus
US20070100364A1 (en) 2005-10-28 2007-05-03 Sansom Gordon G Compact lancing apparatus
US20070095178A1 (en) 2005-11-03 2007-05-03 Stat Medical Devices, Inc. Disposable/single-use blade lancet device and method
US20070108048A1 (en) 2005-11-17 2007-05-17 Abbott Diabetes Care, Inc. Sensors
US20070112367A1 (en) 2005-11-17 2007-05-17 Olson Lorin P Method for lancing a dermal tissue target site using a cap with revolving body
US20070112281A1 (en) 2005-11-17 2007-05-17 Olson Lorin P Cap with revolving body for a dermal tissue lancing device
EP1790288A1 (en) 2005-11-25 2007-05-30 Roche Diagnostics GmbH Bent lancet
US20080269791A1 (en) 2005-11-25 2008-10-30 Joachim Hoenes Kinked lancet
US20070123801A1 (en) 2005-11-28 2007-05-31 Daniel Goldberger Wearable, programmable automated blood testing system
US20070119710A1 (en) 2005-11-28 2007-05-31 Daniel Goldberger Test substrate handling apparatus
US20090270765A1 (en) 2005-11-30 2009-10-29 Abbott Diabetes Care Inc. Integrated meter for analyzing biological samples
US20080167578A1 (en) 2005-11-30 2008-07-10 Abbott Diabetes Care, Inc. Integrated Meter for Analyzing Biological Samples
US20070149897A1 (en) 2005-11-30 2007-06-28 Abbott Diabetes Care, Inc. Integrated Sensor for Analyzing Biological Samples
US20070144235A1 (en) 2005-12-05 2007-06-28 Karl Werner Method for the audible output of a piece of information in an analysis system
US20070293883A1 (en) 2005-12-12 2007-12-20 Nichinan Corporation Pricking needle device
US20080262388A1 (en) 2005-12-15 2008-10-23 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Puncturing System For Collecting Body Fluid Sample
USD545705S1 (en) 2005-12-16 2007-07-03 Lifescan, Inc. Analyte test meter
US20070142854A1 (en) 2005-12-21 2007-06-21 Stat Medical Devices, Inc. Double-ended lancet, method and lancet device using the double-ended lancet, and method of assembling and/or making the double-ended lancet
US20080033268A1 (en) 2005-12-28 2008-02-07 Abbott Diabetes Care, Inc. Method and Apparatus for Providing Analyte Sensor Insertion
US20070149875A1 (en) 2005-12-28 2007-06-28 Abbott Diabetes Care, Inc. Analyte monitoring
US20070179356A1 (en) 2005-12-29 2007-08-02 Guidance Interactive Healthcare, Inc. Programmable devices, systems and methods for encouraging the monitoring of medical parameters
US20070173740A1 (en) 2006-01-05 2007-07-26 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Lancet integrated test element tape dispenser
US20070185516A1 (en) 2006-01-10 2007-08-09 Stefan Schosnig Puncture aid with protection against reuse
US20070162065A1 (en) 2006-01-12 2007-07-12 Mu-Shen Chen Disposable lancet device
US20070161960A1 (en) 2006-01-12 2007-07-12 Fu-Yuan Li Lancet device
US20070255141A1 (en) 2006-01-20 2007-11-01 Esenaliev Rinat O Noninvasive glucose sensing methods and systems
US20070173875A1 (en) 2006-01-20 2007-07-26 Robert Uschold Lancing device with dampener
US20070173874A1 (en) 2006-01-20 2007-07-26 Lifescan, Inc. Method for dampened lancing
US20070173876A1 (en) 2006-01-20 2007-07-26 Lifescan, Inc. Lancing device with dampened spring
US20070173739A1 (en) 2006-01-26 2007-07-26 Chan Frank A Stack magazine system
WO2007088905A1 (en) 2006-01-31 2007-08-09 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Blood test method and blood test apparatus
US20090177117A1 (en) 2006-01-31 2009-07-09 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Blood test method and blood test apparatus
US20070182051A1 (en) 2006-02-09 2007-08-09 Herbert Harttig Test element with elastically mounted lancet
US20070191702A1 (en) 2006-02-15 2007-08-16 Medingo Ltd. Systems and methods for sensing analyte and dispensing therapeutic fluid
US20070193882A1 (en) 2006-02-21 2007-08-23 Ken-Shwo Dai Electrochemical test strip for multi-functional biosensor
US20070196240A1 (en) 2006-02-23 2007-08-23 Agamatrix, Inc. Multi-slot Test strip vial
US20070196242A1 (en) 2006-02-23 2007-08-23 Agamatrix, Inc. Used test strip storage container
US20070203514A1 (en) 2006-02-27 2007-08-30 Agamatrix, Inc. Safe Locking Lancet
US20070203903A1 (en) 2006-02-28 2007-08-30 Ilial, Inc. Methods and apparatus for visualizing, managing, monetizing, and personalizing knowledge search results on a user interface
US7438694B2 (en) 2006-03-07 2008-10-21 Agamatrix, Inc. Lancing device
US20070213637A1 (en) 2006-03-07 2007-09-13 Agamatrix, Inc. Lancing Device
US20080118400A1 (en) 2006-03-13 2008-05-22 Neel Gary T Apparatus For Dispensing Test Strips
US20080134810A1 (en) 2006-03-13 2008-06-12 Home Diagnostics, Inc. Method and apparatus for coding diagnostic meters
US20070213682A1 (en) 2006-03-13 2007-09-13 Hans-Peter Haar Penetration device, kit, and method
US20070232872A1 (en) 2006-03-16 2007-10-04 The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Texas System Continuous noninvasive glucose monitoring in diabetic, non-diabetic, and critically ill patients with oct
US20070218543A1 (en) 2006-03-16 2007-09-20 Agamatrix, Inc. Analyte Meter with Rotatable User Interface
US20070219436A1 (en) 2006-03-17 2007-09-20 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Biological component measuring apparatus and method
US20070227911A1 (en) 2006-03-29 2007-10-04 Yi Wang Analyte sensors and methods of use
US20070235347A1 (en) 2006-03-31 2007-10-11 Lifescan, Inc. Systems and Methods for Discriminating Control Solution from a Physiological Sample
US20070233013A1 (en) 2006-03-31 2007-10-04 Schoenberg Stephen J Covers for tissue engaging members
US20070227912A1 (en) 2006-03-31 2007-10-04 Lifescan, Inc. Methods And Apparatus For Analyzing A Sample In The Presence Of Interferents
US20070233395A1 (en) 2006-04-03 2007-10-04 Home Diagnostics, Inc. Diagnostic meter
US20070227907A1 (en) 2006-04-04 2007-10-04 Rajiv Shah Methods and materials for controlling the electrochemistry of analyte sensors
US20070235329A1 (en) 2006-04-07 2007-10-11 Agamatrix, Inc. Method and apparatus for monitoring alteration of flow characteristics in a liquid sample
US8162968B2 (en) 2006-04-10 2012-04-24 Agamatrix, Inc. Lancing device
US20070239188A1 (en) 2006-04-10 2007-10-11 Agamatrix, Inc. Lancing Device
US20070244498A1 (en) 2006-04-13 2007-10-18 Henning Steg Lancet device for puncturing the skin
US20100030110A1 (en) 2006-04-14 2010-02-04 Kee Jung Choi Glucose meter with er:yag laser lancing device
US20070240984A1 (en) 2006-04-18 2007-10-18 Popovich Natasha D Biosensors comprising heat sealable spacer materials
US20090216100A1 (en) 2006-04-20 2009-08-27 Lifescan Scotland Ltd. Method for transmitting data in a blood glucose system and corresponding blood glucose system
US20070249921A1 (en) 2006-04-21 2007-10-25 Henning Groll Biological testing system
US20070255179A1 (en) 2006-04-27 2007-11-01 Lifescan Scotland, Ltd. Lancing system with lancing device-integrated light source
US20070255178A1 (en) 2006-04-27 2007-11-01 Lifescan Scotland, Ltd. Method for lancing a target site in low ambient light conditions
US20070255181A1 (en) 2006-04-27 2007-11-01 Lifescan Scotland, Ltd. Lancing device with integrated light source
US20070255180A1 (en) 2006-04-27 2007-11-01 Lifescan Scotland, Ltd. Lancing device cap with integrated light source
US20070254359A1 (en) 2006-04-28 2007-11-01 Lifescan, Inc. Differentiation of human embryonic stem cells
US20070251836A1 (en) 2006-04-28 2007-11-01 Hmd Biomedical Inc. Electrochemical sensor and method for analyzing liquid sample
US20070282186A1 (en) 2006-05-02 2007-12-06 Adrian Gilmore Blood glucose monitor with an integrated data management system
US20070260272A1 (en) 2006-05-04 2007-11-08 Thomas Weiss Blood collection system for collecting blood from a body part for diagnostic purposes
US20090322630A1 (en) 2006-05-22 2009-12-31 Lifescan Scotland Ltd. Blood glucose level measurement and wireless transmission unit
US20070276197A1 (en) 2006-05-24 2007-11-29 Lifescan, Inc. Systems and methods for providing individualized disease management
US20070273901A1 (en) 2006-05-26 2007-11-29 Lifescan Scotland, Ltd. Calibration code strip with permutative grey scale calibration pattern
US20070273903A1 (en) 2006-05-26 2007-11-29 Lifescan Scotland, Ltd. Method for determining a test strip calibration code using a calibration strip
US20070273928A1 (en) 2006-05-26 2007-11-29 Lifescan Scotland, Ltd. Test strip with permutative grey scale calibration pattern
US20070273904A1 (en) 2006-05-26 2007-11-29 Lifescan Scotland, Ltd. Method for determining a test strip calibration code for use in a meter
US7586590B2 (en) 2006-05-26 2009-09-08 Lifescan, Scotland, Ltd. Calibration code strip with permutative grey scale calibration pattern
US7589828B2 (en) 2006-05-26 2009-09-15 Lifescan Scotland Limited System for analyte determination that includes a permutative grey scale calibration pattern
US7593097B2 (en) 2006-05-26 2009-09-22 Lifescan Scotland Limited Method for determining a test strip calibration code for use in a meter
US7474390B2 (en) 2006-05-26 2009-01-06 Lifescan Scotland Limited Test strip with permutative grey scale calibration pattern
US7474391B2 (en) 2006-05-26 2009-01-06 Lifescan Scotland Limited Method for determining a test strip calibration code using a calibration strip
US20070276425A1 (en) 2006-05-29 2007-11-29 Stanley Kim Painless Blood Sampling Lancet with Bundled Multiple Thin Needles
USD546218S1 (en) 2006-06-05 2007-07-10 Lifescan Scotland Ltd. Analyte test meter
US20080033468A1 (en) 2006-06-15 2008-02-07 Abbott Diabetes Care Inc. Lancets and Methods of Use
US20080065132A1 (en) 2006-06-15 2008-03-13 Abbott Diabetes Care Inc. Lancing Devices and Methods
US20080082116A1 (en) 2006-06-15 2008-04-03 Abbott Diabetes Care Inc. Lancing Devices Having Lancet Ejection Assembly
US20080077167A1 (en) 2006-06-15 2008-03-27 Abbott Diabetes Care Inc. Lancing Devices Having Depth Adjustment Assembly
US20070295616A1 (en) 2006-06-27 2007-12-27 Agamatrix, Inc. Detection of Analytes in a Dual-mediator Electrochemical Test Strip
US20080053201A1 (en) 2006-07-12 2008-03-06 Bernd Roesicke Analysis system and method for analyzing a sample on an analytical test element
EP1881322A1 (en) 2006-07-18 2008-01-23 Roche Diagnostics GmbH Space-optimised portable measuring system
US8231548B2 (en) 2006-07-18 2012-07-31 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Portable measuring system having a moisture-proof assembly space
US20080021346A1 (en) 2006-07-18 2008-01-24 Hans-Peter Haar Lancet wheel
US20080019870A1 (en) 2006-07-21 2008-01-24 Michael John Newman Integrated medical device dispensing and lancing mechanisms and methods of use
US20080033469A1 (en) 2006-08-02 2008-02-07 Sven Winheim Blood withdrawal system
US20080033319A1 (en) 2006-08-03 2008-02-07 Kloepfer Hans G Self-Contained Test Unit for Testing Body Fluids
US20080039886A1 (en) 2006-08-14 2008-02-14 Pengfei Gu Safety single use blood lancet device with adjustable puncture depth
US20080034834A1 (en) 2006-08-14 2008-02-14 Bayer Healthcare Llc Meter system designed to run singulated test sensors
US20080034835A1 (en) 2006-08-14 2008-02-14 Bayer Healthcare Llc System and method for transferring calibration data
US20080045825A1 (en) 2006-08-15 2008-02-21 Melker Richard J Condensate glucose analyzer
US20080065130A1 (en) 2006-08-22 2008-03-13 Paul Patel Elastomeric toroidal ring for blood expression
US20080064986A1 (en) 2006-08-25 2008-03-13 Uwe Kraemer Puncturing device
US20080077048A1 (en) 2006-08-28 2008-03-27 Rosedale Medical, Inc. Body fluid monitoring and sampling devices and methods
US20080047764A1 (en) 2006-08-28 2008-02-28 Cypress Semiconductor Corporation Temperature compensation method for capacitive sensors
USD543878S1 (en) 2006-09-01 2007-06-05 Lifescan, Inc. Analyte test meter
US20080058626A1 (en) 2006-09-05 2008-03-06 Shinichi Miyata Analytical meter with display-based tutorial module
USD585314S1 (en) 2006-09-05 2009-01-27 Lifescan Scotland Limtied Analyte test meter
US20080057484A1 (en) 2006-09-05 2008-03-06 Shinichi Miyata Event-driven method for tutoring a user in the determination of an analyte in a bodily fluid sample
US20080086044A1 (en) 2006-10-04 2008-04-10 Dexcom, Inc. Analyte sensor
US20080108942A1 (en) 2006-10-04 2008-05-08 Dexcom, Inc. Analyte sensor
US20080119706A1 (en) 2006-10-04 2008-05-22 Mark Brister Analyte sensor
US20080119704A1 (en) 2006-10-04 2008-05-22 Mark Brister Analyte sensor
US20080086273A1 (en) 2006-10-04 2008-04-10 Dexcom, Inc. Analyte sensor
US20080119703A1 (en) 2006-10-04 2008-05-22 Mark Brister Analyte sensor
US20080086042A1 (en) 2006-10-04 2008-04-10 Dexcom, Inc. Analyte sensor
US20090280551A1 (en) 2006-10-05 2009-11-12 Lifescan Scotland Limited A reagent formulation using ruthenium hexamine as a mediator for electrochemical test strips
US20080103415A1 (en) 2006-10-13 2008-05-01 Roe Steven N Tape transport lance sampler
US20080093227A1 (en) 2006-10-18 2008-04-24 Agamatrix, Inc. Error detection in analyte measurements based on measurement of system resistance
US20080093230A1 (en) 2006-10-18 2008-04-24 Agamatrix, Inc. Electrochemical determination of analytes
US20080097241A1 (en) 2006-10-18 2008-04-24 California Institute Of Technology Sampling device
US20080093228A1 (en) 2006-10-19 2008-04-24 Agamatrix, Inc. Method and apparatus for providing a stable voltage to an analytical system
US7312042B1 (en) 2006-10-24 2007-12-25 Abbott Diabetes Care, Inc. Embossed cell analyte sensor and methods of manufacture
US20080208026A1 (en) 2006-10-31 2008-08-28 Lifescan, Inc Systems and methods for detecting hypoglycemic events having a reduced incidence of false alarms
US20080109024A1 (en) 2006-11-02 2008-05-08 Agamatrix, Inc. Lancet Cartridges and Lancing Devices
US20080109025A1 (en) 2006-11-06 2008-05-08 Apex Biotechnology Corp. Safety lancet
US20080105024A1 (en) 2006-11-07 2008-05-08 Bayer Healthcare Llc Method of making an auto-calibrating test sensor
US20080114227A1 (en) 2006-11-15 2008-05-15 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Analysis device for in vivo determination of an analyte in a patient's body
US20080134806A1 (en) 2006-12-06 2008-06-12 Agamatrix, Inc. Container system for dispensing a liquid
US7666287B2 (en) 2006-12-21 2010-02-23 Lifescan, Inc. Method for preparing an electrokinetic element
US20080152507A1 (en) 2006-12-21 2008-06-26 Lifescan, Inc. Infusion pump with a capacitive displacement position sensor
US20080149268A1 (en) 2006-12-21 2008-06-26 Lifescan, Inc. Method for preparing an electrokinetic element
US7654127B2 (en) 2006-12-21 2010-02-02 Lifescan, Inc. Malfunction detection in infusion pumps
US20080149599A1 (en) 2006-12-21 2008-06-26 Lifescan, Inc. Method for manufacturing an electrokinetic infusion pump
US20080154513A1 (en) 2006-12-21 2008-06-26 University Of Virginia Patent Foundation Systems, Methods and Computer Program Codes for Recognition of Patterns of Hyperglycemia and Hypoglycemia, Increased Glucose Variability, and Ineffective Self-Monitoring in Diabetes
US20080154187A1 (en) 2006-12-21 2008-06-26 Lifescan, Inc. Malfunction detection in infusion pumps
US20080214919A1 (en) 2006-12-26 2008-09-04 Lifescan, Inc. System and method for implementation of glycemic control protocols
US20080161664A1 (en) 2006-12-29 2008-07-03 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Method and System for Providing Sensor Redundancy
WO2008085052A2 (en) 2007-01-11 2008-07-17 Arnoldus Huibert Klapwijk Testing device
US20080228212A1 (en) 2007-03-14 2008-09-18 Hans List Lancet device
USD601255S1 (en) 2007-03-21 2009-09-29 Lifescan, Inc. Analyte test meter
US20080267822A1 (en) 2007-03-27 2008-10-30 Hans List Analysis device with exchangeable test element magazine
US20100256525A1 (en) 2007-04-18 2010-10-07 Hans List Lancing and analysis device
US20080275384A1 (en) 2007-04-25 2008-11-06 Mastrototaro John J Closed loop/semi-closed loop therapy modification system
US20080269723A1 (en) 2007-04-25 2008-10-30 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Closed loop/semi-closed loop therapy modification system
US20080275365A1 (en) 2007-05-04 2008-11-06 Brian Guthrie Methods of Transferring Data to a Medical Test Device
US20080286149A1 (en) 2007-05-14 2008-11-20 Roe Steven N Bodily fluid sampling with test strips hinged on a tape
US20080319284A1 (en) 2007-06-25 2008-12-25 Lifescan Scotland, Ltd. Method for training a user in recognition of the user's bodily fluid analyte concentration and concentration trends via user-perceived sensations
US20080318193A1 (en) 2007-06-25 2008-12-25 Lifescan Scotland, Ltd. Medical training aid device for training a user in recognition of the user's bodily fluid analyte concentration and concentration trends via user-perceived sensations
US20090026091A1 (en) 2007-07-23 2009-01-29 Agamatrix, Inc. Electrochemical Test Strip
US20090029479A1 (en) 2007-07-24 2009-01-29 Lifescan Scotland Ltd. Test strip and connector
US20090027040A1 (en) 2007-07-25 2009-01-29 Lifescan, Inc. Open circuit delay devices, systems, and methods for analyte measurement
US20090026075A1 (en) 2007-07-26 2009-01-29 Agamatrix, Inc. Electrochemical Analyte Detection Apparatus and Method
US20090043177A1 (en) 2007-08-08 2009-02-12 Lifescan, Inc. Method for integrating facilitated blood flow and blood analyte monitoring
US20090043183A1 (en) 2007-08-08 2009-02-12 Lifescan, Inc. Integrated stent and blood analyte monitoring system
US20090057146A1 (en) 2007-09-04 2009-03-05 Lifescan, Inc. Analyte test strip with improved reagent deposition
US20090302872A1 (en) 2007-09-05 2009-12-10 Lifescan Scotland Limited Electrochemical strip for use with a multi-input meter
US20090302873A1 (en) 2007-09-05 2009-12-10 Lifescan Scotland Limited System for electrochemically measuring an analyte in a sample material
US20090325307A1 (en) 2007-09-05 2009-12-31 Lifescan Scotland Limited Method for manufacturing a strip for use with a multi-input meter
EP2039294A1 (en) 2007-09-21 2009-03-25 Roche Diagnostics GmbH Piercing system and tape cartridge
EP2039294B1 (en) 2007-09-21 2011-05-18 Roche Diagnostics GmbH Piercing system and tape cartridge
US20090084687A1 (en) 2007-09-28 2009-04-02 Lifescan, Inc. Systems and methods of discriminating control solution from a physiological sample
US8251922B2 (en) 2007-10-08 2012-08-28 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Analysis system for automatic skin prick analysis
USD586678S1 (en) 2007-10-12 2009-02-17 Lifescan, Inc. Analyte test meter
US20090105572A1 (en) 2007-10-18 2009-04-23 Lifescan Scotland, Ltd. Method for predicting a user's future glycemic state
US20090105573A1 (en) 2007-10-19 2009-04-23 Lifescan Scotland, Ltd. Medical device for predicting a user's future glycemic state
US20090112155A1 (en) 2007-10-30 2009-04-30 Lifescan, Inc. Micro Diaphragm Pump
US20090112185A1 (en) 2007-10-30 2009-04-30 Lifescan, Inc. Integrated Conduit Insertion Medical Device
US20090112180A1 (en) 2007-10-30 2009-04-30 Lifescan, Inc. Method for Inserting a Medical Device Flexible Conduit into a User's Target Site
USD579652S1 (en) 2007-11-05 2008-11-04 Lifescan, Inc. Cradle for analyte test meter
US20090139300A1 (en) 2007-11-30 2009-06-04 Lifescan, Inc. Auto-calibrating metering system and method of use
USD579653S1 (en) 2007-12-12 2008-11-04 Lifescan, Inc. Cradle for analyte test meter
US20090184004A1 (en) 2008-01-17 2009-07-23 Lifescan, Inc. System and method for measuring an analyte in a sample
USD612274S1 (en) 2008-01-18 2010-03-23 Lifescan Scotland, Ltd. User interface in an analyte meter
US20090187351A1 (en) 2008-01-18 2009-07-23 Lifescan Scotland Ltd. Analyte testing method and system
USD612279S1 (en) 2008-01-18 2010-03-23 Lifescan Scotland Limited User interface in an analyte meter
US20090240127A1 (en) 2008-03-20 2009-09-24 Lifescan, Inc. Methods of determining pre or post meal time slots or intervals in diabetes management
USD611853S1 (en) 2008-03-21 2010-03-16 Lifescan Scotland Limited Analyte test meter
USD612275S1 (en) 2008-03-21 2010-03-23 Lifescan Scotland, Ltd. Analyte test meter
US20090237262A1 (en) 2008-03-21 2009-09-24 Lifescan Scotland Ltd. Analyte testing method and system
US20090247982A1 (en) 2008-03-27 2009-10-01 Lifescan Inc. Medical Device Mechanical Pump
US20090259146A1 (en) 2008-04-11 2009-10-15 Dominique Freeman Method and apparatus for analyte detecting device
US20090281459A1 (en) 2008-05-09 2009-11-12 Lifescan Scotland Ltd. Lancing devices and methods
USD586465S1 (en) 2008-05-09 2009-02-10 Lifescan Scotland Limited Handheld lancing device
USD586916S1 (en) 2008-05-09 2009-02-17 Lifescan Scotland, Ltd. Handheld lancing device
US20090281457A1 (en) 2008-05-09 2009-11-12 Lifescan Soctland Ltd. Prime and fire lancing device with non-contacting bias drive and method
US20090281458A1 (en) 2008-05-09 2009-11-12 Lifescan Scotland Ltd. Prime and fire lancing device with contacting bias drive and method
US20100113981A1 (en) 2008-05-09 2010-05-06 Panasonic Corporation Skin incision instrument and method for incising skin with the same
USD598126S1 (en) 2008-06-06 2009-08-11 Lifescan Scotland Limited Electrochemical test strip
USD586466S1 (en) 2008-06-06 2009-02-10 Lifescan, Inc. Blood glucose meter
EP2130493A1 (en) 2008-06-07 2009-12-09 Roche Diagnostics GmbH Analysis system for detecting an analyte in a bodily fluid, cartridge for analytic device and method for creating a wound in a part of the body and examining the excreted body fluid
US20090301899A1 (en) 2008-06-09 2009-12-10 Lifescan, Inc. System and method for measuring an analyte in a sample
USD600812S1 (en) 2008-06-10 2009-09-22 Lifescan Scotland Limited Analyte test strip port icon
USD611151S1 (en) 2008-06-10 2010-03-02 Lifescan Scotland, Ltd. Test meter
US20100016700A1 (en) 2008-07-18 2010-01-21 Lifescan, Inc. Analyte measurement and management device and associated methods
USD601258S1 (en) 2008-07-25 2009-09-29 Lifescan, Inc. Analyte test meter docking station
USD600813S1 (en) 2008-07-25 2009-09-22 Lifescan, Inc. Analyte test meter in a docking station
USD600349S1 (en) 2008-07-25 2009-09-15 Lifescan, Inc. Analyte test meter
USD611489S1 (en) 2008-07-25 2010-03-09 Lifescan, Inc. User interface display for a glucose meter
US20100041084A1 (en) 2008-08-15 2010-02-18 Lifescan Scotland Ltd. Analyte testing method and system
USD611372S1 (en) 2008-09-19 2010-03-09 Lifescan Scotland Limited Analyte test meter
US20100198107A1 (en) 2009-01-30 2010-08-05 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Integrated blood glucose meter and lancing device
US20100240986A1 (en) 2009-03-20 2010-09-23 Medtronic, Inc. Method And Apparatus For Instrument Placement
US20100276211A1 (en) 2009-04-02 2010-11-04 Grammer Ag Detection Device and Method for Detecting Occupancy of a Seat
US20120271197A1 (en) 2010-06-02 2012-10-25 Mark Castle Methods and apparatus for lancet actuation

Non-Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
A. Bott, W. Heineman, Chronocoulometry, Current Separations, 2004, 20, pp. 121.
G. Jarzabek, Z. Borkowska, on the Real Surface Area of Smooth Solid Electrodes, 1997, Elecrochimica Acta, vol. 42, No. 19, pp. 2915-2918.
Machine translation of DE 10053974 pp. 1-4, provided by epo.org, Jan. 8, 2012.
Wolfbeis et al. (Sol-gel based glucose biosensors employing optical oxygen transducers, and a method for compensating for variable oxygen background, Biosensors & Bioelectronics 15 (2000) pp. 69-76). *

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20140100525A1 (en) * 2001-06-12 2014-04-10 Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland Gmbh Sampling module device and method
US9694144B2 (en) * 2001-06-12 2017-07-04 Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland Gmbh Sampling module device and method
US11419532B2 (en) 2005-06-13 2022-08-23 Intuity Medical, Inc. Analyte detection devices and methods with hematocrit/volume correction and feedback control
US10842427B2 (en) 2005-09-30 2020-11-24 Intuity Medical, Inc. Body fluid sampling arrangements
US20110144463A1 (en) * 2008-02-27 2011-06-16 Benny Pesach Device, system and method for modular analyte monitoring
US20160302707A1 (en) * 2008-02-27 2016-10-20 Mon4D, Ltd Device, System and Method for Modular Analyte Monitoring
US11045125B2 (en) 2008-05-30 2021-06-29 Intuity Medical, Inc. Body fluid sampling device-sampling site interface
US11399744B2 (en) 2008-06-06 2022-08-02 Intuity Medical, Inc. Detection meter and mode of operation
US11002743B2 (en) 2009-11-30 2021-05-11 Intuity Medical, Inc. Calibration material delivery devices and methods
US11051734B2 (en) 2011-08-03 2021-07-06 Intuity Medical, Inc. Devices and methods for body fluid sampling and analysis
US11382544B2 (en) 2011-08-03 2022-07-12 Intuity Medical, Inc. Devices and methods for body fluid sampling and analysis
US11672452B2 (en) 2011-08-03 2023-06-13 Intuity Medical, Inc. Devices and methods for body fluid sampling and analysis
US9360412B2 (en) * 2012-11-16 2016-06-07 Honeywell International Inc. Rotating optics for multiple cuvette array
US20140139832A1 (en) * 2012-11-16 2014-05-22 Honeywell International Inc. Rotating optics for multiple cuvette array
US20220193657A1 (en) * 2020-12-22 2022-06-23 Oxford Immune Algorithmics Ltd Wafer for carrying biological sample
US11534751B2 (en) * 2020-12-22 2022-12-27 Oxford Immune Algorithmics Ltd Wafer for carrying biological sample

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20060204399A1 (en) 2006-09-14
US9034639B2 (en) 2015-05-19
US20120264204A1 (en) 2012-10-18

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US8574895B2 (en) Method and apparatus using optical techniques to measure analyte levels
EP1585978A2 (en) Method and apparatus using optical techniques to measure analyte levels
US7708701B2 (en) Method and apparatus for a multi-use body fluid sampling device
EP1653849B1 (en) Method and apparatus for body fluid sampling with integrated analyte detecting member
JP4522364B2 (en) Body fluid sampling device
US20060200044A1 (en) Method and apparatus for measuring analytes
JP4728557B2 (en) Test component monitor
EP1766371A2 (en) Integrated glucose monitors and measurement of analytes via molecular oxygen modulation of dye fluorescence lifetime
Golparvar et al. Flexible Microfluidics for Raman Measurements on Skin
JP5828796B2 (en) Device for penetrating tissue with a penetrating member driver

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: PELIKAN TECHNOLOGIES, INC., CALIFORNIA

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:FREEMAN, DOMINIQUE M.;REEL/FRAME:021795/0138

Effective date: 20081103

AS Assignment

Owner name: SANOFI-AVENTIS DEUTSCHLAND GMBH, GERMANY

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:PELIKAN TECHNOLOGIES, INC.;REEL/FRAME:028397/0099

Effective date: 20120131

STCF Information on status: patent grant

Free format text: PATENTED CASE

CC Certificate of correction
FPAY Fee payment

Year of fee payment: 4

MAFP Maintenance fee payment

Free format text: PAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEE, 8TH YEAR, LARGE ENTITY (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: M1552); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY

Year of fee payment: 8