US8093372B2 - Method for deblocking of labeled oligonucleotides - Google Patents

Method for deblocking of labeled oligonucleotides Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US8093372B2
US8093372B2 US10/365,644 US36564403A US8093372B2 US 8093372 B2 US8093372 B2 US 8093372B2 US 36564403 A US36564403 A US 36564403A US 8093372 B2 US8093372 B2 US 8093372B2
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
oligonucleotide
blocked
deblocking
amino compound
labeled oligonucleotide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related, expires
Application number
US10/365,644
Other versions
US20030120063A1 (en
Inventor
Gulilat Gebeyehu
Richard M Pires
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Life Technologies Corp
Original Assignee
Life Technologies Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Life Technologies Corp filed Critical Life Technologies Corp
Priority to US10/365,644 priority Critical patent/US8093372B2/en
Publication of US20030120063A1 publication Critical patent/US20030120063A1/en
Assigned to BANK OF AMERICA, N.A., AS COLLATERAL AGENT reassignment BANK OF AMERICA, N.A., AS COLLATERAL AGENT SECURITY AGREEMENT Assignors: Life Technologies Corporation
Priority to US13/152,907 priority patent/US8524882B2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US8093372B2 publication Critical patent/US8093372B2/en
Assigned to Life Technologies Corporation reassignment Life Technologies Corporation LIEN RELEASE Assignors: BANK OF AMERICA, N.A.
Priority to US13/964,036 priority patent/US9085797B2/en
Priority to US14/748,930 priority patent/US20160024138A1/en
Adjusted expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07HSUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
    • C07H21/00Compounds containing two or more mononucleotide units having separate phosphate or polyphosphate groups linked by saccharide radicals of nucleoside groups, e.g. nucleic acids
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12QMEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
    • C12Q1/00Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
    • C12Q1/68Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07BGENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C07B2200/00Indexing scheme relating to specific properties of organic compounds
    • C07B2200/11Compounds covalently bound to a solid support

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to processes for the substantial deprotection or deblocking of labeled oligonucleotides by use of an amino reagent such as ammonia.
  • phosphoramidite based synthesis of oligonucleotides requires the protection of the exocyclic amino groups.
  • the most commonly used protecting groups for this purpose are benzoyl for the 6-amino of adenine and 4-amino of cytosine and isobutyroyl for 2-amino of guanine.
  • Oligonucleotides are synthesized on solid support using nucleoside phosphoramidites where the amino groups are protected as shown below.
  • the oligonucleotide is cleaved from the support and these protecting groups are removed by hydrolysis at high temperatures using concentrated ammonium hydroxide. After hydrolysis, the ammonium hydroxide has to be evaporated in order to obtain the desired oligonucleotide.
  • oligos such as dye containing oligos
  • heating in ammonium hydroxide cannot be used since the dyes are not stable under these conditions.
  • dye labeled oligos are deprotected by treatment with ammonium hydroxide at room temperature for over 24 hours or require special reagents for this purpose. See U.S. Pat. No. 4,965,349.
  • oligos may be prepared using phosphoramidite having easily removable protecting groups which do not require the use of hot concentrated ammonium hydroxide. See Boal, J. H. et al., Nucl. Acids Res. 24:3115-3117 (1996).
  • U.S. Pat. No. 4,965,349 describes a method of hydrolyzing base-labile linking groups between a solid phase support and oligonucleotides with a reagent comprising a lower alcohol, water and a non-nucleophilic hindered alkylamine. According to this patent, this cleavage reagent preserves the fluorescent characteristics of rhodamine dyes during cleavage from the solid support.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 5,514,789 describes a method for the cleavage and deprotection of newly synthesized oligonucleotides from solid supports with a gaseous cleavage/deprotection reagent such as gaseous ammonia, ammonium hydroxide vapors, and methylamine.
  • a gaseous cleavage/deprotection reagent such as gaseous ammonia, ammonium hydroxide vapors, and methylamine.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 5,518,651 describes a method for the cleavage and deprotection of insolubilized and protected oligonucleotides using an alkyl amine, e.g. t-butylamine and methylamine. According to this patent, the deprotection and cleavage of the oligonucleotides occurs at room temperature and in less than about 90 min.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 5,738,829 describes a method for the cleavage and deprotection of oligonucleotides from solid supports which involves incubation of the immobilized oligonucleotides with gaseous ammonia or ammonium hydroxide vapors. According to this patent, the method lends itself to the use of supports such as microtiter plates that can be used to perform up to 96 individual synthetic processes.
  • oligonucleotides can be used with sensitive labeling reagents such as TAMRA, Cy5® and HEX since cleavage and deprotection can be carried out in 2 hours at room temperature with ammonium hydroxide or 0.005 M potassium carbonate in anhydrous methanol.
  • sensitive labeling reagents such as TAMRA, Cy5® and HEX since cleavage and deprotection can be carried out in 2 hours at room temperature with ammonium hydroxide or 0.005 M potassium carbonate in anhydrous methanol.
  • the invention relates to a process for deblocking a detectably labeled oligonucleotide comprising contacting the blocked detectably labeled oligonucleotide with an effective amount of a nucleophilic amino compound under conditions that result in the deblocking of the oligonucleotide, thereby giving the deblocked oligonucleotide.
  • FIGS. 1A and 1B depict ion-pair HPLC chromatograms showing the analysis of the dye labeled oligo (5′-FAM-GGT CCG ACC AGA TGG CGA AAG GCA AAC GGA; SEQ ID NO: 1) after deprotection with concentrated ammonium hydroxide, RT, 24 hrs ( FIG. 1A ) or with gaseous ammonia (80 psi), 95° C., 45 min ( FIG. 1B ).
  • Buffer A 5 mM TBAP in 20 mM NH 4 HPO 4 .
  • Buffer B CH 3 CN, gradient of 40% B to 60% B over 10 min, flow rate of 2 ml/min.
  • FIGS. 2A-2D depict ion-pair HPLC chromatograms showing the analysis of molecular beacon (5′-HEX-GCG ACG CCT GTC CTC CAA TTT GTC CTG GTC GTC GC DABCYL; SEQ ID NO: 2) after deprotection with concentrated ammonium hydroxide, 90° C., 75 min ( FIG. 2A ), concentrated ammonium hydroxide, RT, 24 hrs ( FIG. 2B ), concentrated ammonium hydroxide, RT, 40 hrs ( FIG. 2C ), or with gaseous ammonia (80 psi), 95° C., 1 hr ( FIG. 2D ).
  • Buffer A 5 mM TBAP in 20 mM NH 4 HPO 4 .
  • Buffer B CH 3 CN, gradient of 40% B to 60% B over 10 mM, flow rate of 2 ml/min.
  • the invention relates to a process for deblocking substantially detectably labeled oligonucleotides comprising contacting the blocked detectably labeled oligonucleotide with an effective amount of a deblocking reagent such as a nucleophilic amino compound.
  • a deblocking reagent such as a nucleophilic amino compound.
  • the deblocking reagent is gaseous at ambient temperature.
  • the present invention provides a number of advantages over conventional methods of deblocking oligonucleotides using aqueous ammonia, including improved quality (purity) of the deblocked oligonucleotide, higher yield, and shorter reaction times.
  • the amino compound may be removed substantially by degassing (in the case of ammonia, methylamine and ethylamine), thus providing ease of recovery of the deblocked oligonucleotide.
  • the amino compound may be removed by washing the deblocked oligonucleotide with an organic solvent in which the oligonucleotide is poorly soluble, e.g.
  • the deblocked oligonucleotide may then be resuspended directly in water, a buffer or other solution and used directly as a molecular biology reagent, e.g. as a diagnostic reagent in sequencing, PCR or as a probe.
  • the buffer may be chosen to neutralize any residual nucleophilic amino compound (e.g. ammonia) that may be present.
  • buffers are the acetate, sulfate, hydrochloride, phosphate or free acid forms of Tris-(hydroxymethyl)amino-methane (TRIS®), although alternative buffers of the same approximate ionic strength and pKa as TRIS® may be used with equivalent results.
  • Other preferred buffers are triethyl ammonium salts (e.g. the acetate salt).
  • cofactor salts such as those of potassium (preferably potassium chloride or potassium acetate) and magnesium (preferably magnesium chloride or magnesium acetate) may be included.
  • Addition of one or more carbohydrates and/or sugars to the buffer solution and/or deblocking reaction mixtures may also be advantageous, to support enhanced stability of the product upon storage.
  • Preferred such carbohydrates or sugars include, but are not limited to, sucrose, trehalose, and the like. Such carbohydrates and/or sugars are commercially available from a number of sources, including Sigma (St. Louis, Mo.).
  • the nucleophilic amino compound may be ammonia or ammonia vapors (e.g. obtained by heating a sealable chamber having a quantity of ammonium hydroxide in the bottom), or a C 1-6 alkylamino compound.
  • the alkyl group may be straight or branched chain. Examples of such alkylamino compounds include methylamine, ethylamine, propylamine, isopropylamine, butylamine, sec-butylamine, pentylamine and hexylamine.
  • the nucleophilic amino compound is a liquid at ambient temperature, it may be removed under vacuum with or without heating. In a preferred embodiment, the nucleophilic amino compound is at least saturated with water vapor.
  • the label on the oligonucleotide may be any conventional label used for detection of oligonucleotides, including, without limitation, fluorescent dyes chosen from the group consisting of xanthenes (e.g., fluoresceins, eosins, erythrosins), rhodamines (e.g., Texas Red®), benzimidazoles, ethidiums, propidiums, anthracyclines, mithramycins, acridines, actinomycins, merocyanines, coumarins (e.g., 4-methyl-7-methoxycoumarin), pyrenes, chrysenes, stilbenes, anthracenes, naphthalenes (e.g., dansyl, 5-dimethylamino-1-naphthalenesulfonyl), salicylic acids, benz-2-oxa-1-diazoles (also known as benzofurans) (e.
  • oligonucleotides is labeled with the molecular beacon technology according to Tyagi, S. and Kramer, F. R., Nature Biotechnology 14:303-308 (1996).
  • TAMRA 6-tetramethylrhodamine
  • the blocked, labeled oligonucleotides may be prepared by well known methods, e.g. the phosphoramidite, phosphotriester, phosphodiester, phosphite and H-phosphonate methods, each of which are generally known in the field of molecular biology.
  • the b-cyanoethyl phosphoramidite method is described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,458,066 issued to Caruthers, et al., entitled “Process for Preparing Polynucleotides,” which is incorporated herein by reference. See also E.
  • oligonucleotides may be DNA, RNA, mixture of DNA and RNA, derivatives of DNA and RNA and mixtures thereof. In the case of RNA, base stable 2′-protecting groups are preferred.
  • the blocked, labeled oligonucleotide may be free or immobilized on a solid phase which is also cleaved by the gaseous deblocking reagent. The deblocked oligonucleotide may then be recovered by washing the solid phase with water or a buffer.
  • the blocking group is present on the exocyclic amino groups of A, G and C. Thymine does not require protection.
  • Such blocking groups may be C 1-6 alkanoyl (e.g. isobutyryl), aryloyl (benzoyl), phenoxyacetyl, C 1-6 alkoxyacetyl, and dimethyl formamidine (on N 6 of dA or N 2 of dG).
  • the deblocking reagent is an alkylamine, it is preferred that the base C be blocked with an acetyl group.
  • the blocking group for the phosphorous may be a cyanoethyl group. All of these blocking groups are cleaved at the same time by the deblocking reagent.
  • the deblocking reaction is preferably carried out in a sealable chamber (although an open chamber may be used in accordance with the invention) that can be heated.
  • sealable chambers include screw cap vials, Parr bottles, and the like.
  • the oligonucleotide synthesis and cleavage from the support may be carried out with a commercially available DNA synthesizer, e.g. the ABI 380B DNA synthesizer, or other equipment that is set up for high throughput synthesis on a multi well channel, e.g. a 96 well plate (see, e.g., U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,472,672 and 5,529,756, and U.S. application Ser. No. 09/162,348, filed Sep. 28, 1998, which are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties).
  • the deblocking reagent is present in an amount effective to deblock the oligonucleotide.
  • the deblocking reagent is present in a large excess compared to the oligonucleotide.
  • the sealable chamber may be charged with about 20 to 200 psi of ammonia, most preferably, about 80 psi. Optimal amounts of the liquid alkylamino compounds may be determined with no more than routine experimentation.
  • the deblocking reaction is carried out at a temperature of about room temperature to about 150° C. Most preferably, when the deblocking reagent is ammonia, the reaction is carried out at about 95° C.
  • the deblocking reaction is carried out for about 1 min to about 2 hrs. More preferably, the reaction is carried out for about 1 min to about 1 hr. When the deblocking reagent is ammonia, it is preferred that the reaction be carried out for about 45 min.
  • substantially deblocked is intended to mean that the blocked oligonucleotide is not detectable, e.g. by ion-pair HPLC, capillary electrophoresis or mass spectrometry, after the deblocking reaction according to the present invention.
  • FIGS. 1A and 1B An example of deblocking of a fluorescein (FAM) labeled oligo under standard conditions (room temperature and 24 hrs) and also gas phase (45 min, 80 psi, 95° C.) is attached ( FIGS. 1A and 1B ).
  • FAM fluorescein
  • FIGS. 1A and 1B An example of deblocking of a fluorescein (FAM) labeled oligo under standard conditions (room temperature and 24 hrs) and also gas phase (45 min, 80 psi, 95° C.) is attached ( FIGS. 1A and 1B ).
  • FAM fluorescein
  • an oligonucleotide labeled with hexachlorofluorescein (HEX) and DABCYL (molecular beacon) was deblocked under various conditions ( FIGS. 2A-2D ).
  • Standard deblocking conditions 95° C., concentrated ammonia, 75 min, FIG. 2A
  • room temperature treatment over 24 hours FIG. 2B and FIG. 2C
  • FIG. 2D shows formation of a new peak which may be attributed to degradation of the dye.
  • deblocking under gas phase gives better quality oligonucleotides.

Abstract

The invention relates to a process for deblocking substantially a blocked, detectably labeled oligonucleotide by contacting the blocked detectably labeled oligonucleotide with an effective amount of a nucleophilic amino compound under conditions that result in substantial deblocking of the oligonucleotide, thereby giving the substantially deblocked oligonucleotide.

Description

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 09/576,555, filed May 24, 2000 (now U.S. Pat. No. 6,593,464). U.S. application Ser. No. 09/576,555 claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/135,848, filed May 24, 1999, the contents of which are entirely incorporated herein by reference.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to processes for the substantial deprotection or deblocking of labeled oligonucleotides by use of an amino reagent such as ammonia.
2. Related Art
A variety of solid phase oligonucleotide synthesis techniques are known to those skilled in the art. Such techniques include phosphoramidite, phosphotriester, phosphodiester, phosphite and H-phosphonate methods and the like, each of which is generally known in the field of molecular biology. For example, the b-cyanoethyl phosphoramidite method is described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,458,066 issued to Caruthers, et al., entitled “Process for Preparing Polynucleotides,” which is incorporated herein by reference.
The phosphoramidite based synthesis of oligonucleotides requires the protection of the exocyclic amino groups. The most commonly used protecting groups for this purpose are benzoyl for the 6-amino of adenine and 4-amino of cytosine and isobutyroyl for 2-amino of guanine. Oligonucleotides are synthesized on solid support using nucleoside phosphoramidites where the amino groups are protected as shown below.
Figure US08093372-20120110-C00001
After the synthesis is completed the oligonucleotide is cleaved from the support and these protecting groups are removed by hydrolysis at high temperatures using concentrated ammonium hydroxide. After hydrolysis, the ammonium hydroxide has to be evaporated in order to obtain the desired oligonucleotide.
The use of hot concentrated ammonium hydroxide for the removal of these protecting groups has restricted the modified bases that can be used to those that can withstand these harsh conditions. For modified oligos such as dye containing oligos, heating in ammonium hydroxide cannot be used since the dyes are not stable under these conditions. In general, dye labeled oligos are deprotected by treatment with ammonium hydroxide at room temperature for over 24 hours or require special reagents for this purpose. See U.S. Pat. No. 4,965,349. Alternatively, oligos may be prepared using phosphoramidite having easily removable protecting groups which do not require the use of hot concentrated ammonium hydroxide. See Boal, J. H. et al., Nucl. Acids Res. 24:3115-3117 (1996).
The standard method where deprotection with concentrated ammonium hydroxide is done at reduced temperature results in incomplete deprotection and over all low quality of dye labeled oligonucleotides. Often this requires tedious purification which results in low yield.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,965,349 describes a method of hydrolyzing base-labile linking groups between a solid phase support and oligonucleotides with a reagent comprising a lower alcohol, water and a non-nucleophilic hindered alkylamine. According to this patent, this cleavage reagent preserves the fluorescent characteristics of rhodamine dyes during cleavage from the solid support.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,514,789 describes a method for the cleavage and deprotection of newly synthesized oligonucleotides from solid supports with a gaseous cleavage/deprotection reagent such as gaseous ammonia, ammonium hydroxide vapors, and methylamine.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,518,651 describes a method for the cleavage and deprotection of insolubilized and protected oligonucleotides using an alkyl amine, e.g. t-butylamine and methylamine. According to this patent, the deprotection and cleavage of the oligonucleotides occurs at room temperature and in less than about 90 min.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,738,829 describes a method for the cleavage and deprotection of oligonucleotides from solid supports which involves incubation of the immobilized oligonucleotides with gaseous ammonia or ammonium hydroxide vapors. According to this patent, the method lends itself to the use of supports such as microtiter plates that can be used to perform up to 96 individual synthetic processes.
Glenn Research of Sterling Va. offers phenoxyacetyl protected dA, 4-isopropylphenoxylacetyl protected dG and acetyl protected dC which can be used to prepare oligonucleotides. According to Glenn Research's web site, these monomers can be used with sensitive labeling reagents such as TAMRA, Cy5® and HEX since cleavage and deprotection can be carried out in 2 hours at room temperature with ammonium hydroxide or 0.005 M potassium carbonate in anhydrous methanol. In addition, according to this web site, it is possible to deprotect oligonucleotides containing acetyl protected dC monomers by treatment with ammonium hydroxide/methylamine for 10 min at 65° C. or less.
We have now found that the use of nucleophilic amino compounds under pressure and high temperature is an effective way to deprotect dye labeled oligos. The dye labeled oligos deprotected in this manner are fully deprotected and are of high quality. In addition, the process is simple and saves time, reducing the deblocking (processing) time from approximately 28 hours to 1 hour.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a process for deblocking a detectably labeled oligonucleotide comprising contacting the blocked detectably labeled oligonucleotide with an effective amount of a nucleophilic amino compound under conditions that result in the deblocking of the oligonucleotide, thereby giving the deblocked oligonucleotide.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIGS. 1A and 1B depict ion-pair HPLC chromatograms showing the analysis of the dye labeled oligo (5′-FAM-GGT CCG ACC AGA TGG CGA AAG GCA AAC GGA; SEQ ID NO: 1) after deprotection with concentrated ammonium hydroxide, RT, 24 hrs (FIG. 1A) or with gaseous ammonia (80 psi), 95° C., 45 min (FIG. 1B). Buffer A=5 mM TBAP in 20 mM NH4HPO4. Buffer B=CH3CN, gradient of 40% B to 60% B over 10 min, flow rate of 2 ml/min.
FIGS. 2A-2D depict ion-pair HPLC chromatograms showing the analysis of molecular beacon (5′-HEX-GCG ACG CCT GTC CTC CAA TTT GTC CTG GTC GTC GC DABCYL; SEQ ID NO: 2) after deprotection with concentrated ammonium hydroxide, 90° C., 75 min (FIG. 2A), concentrated ammonium hydroxide, RT, 24 hrs (FIG. 2B), concentrated ammonium hydroxide, RT, 40 hrs (FIG. 2C), or with gaseous ammonia (80 psi), 95° C., 1 hr (FIG. 2D). Buffer A=5 mM TBAP in 20 mM NH4HPO4. Buffer B=CH3CN, gradient of 40% B to 60% B over 10 mM, flow rate of 2 ml/min.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a process for deblocking substantially detectably labeled oligonucleotides comprising contacting the blocked detectably labeled oligonucleotide with an effective amount of a deblocking reagent such as a nucleophilic amino compound. Preferably, the deblocking reagent is gaseous at ambient temperature.
The present invention provides a number of advantages over conventional methods of deblocking oligonucleotides using aqueous ammonia, including improved quality (purity) of the deblocked oligonucleotide, higher yield, and shorter reaction times. Moreover, the amino compound may be removed substantially by degassing (in the case of ammonia, methylamine and ethylamine), thus providing ease of recovery of the deblocked oligonucleotide. In the case of higher molecular weight amino compounds that are liquids at room temperature, the amino compound may be removed by washing the deblocked oligonucleotide with an organic solvent in which the oligonucleotide is poorly soluble, e.g. acetonitrile, diethyl ether and the like, to remove the amino compound. The deblocked oligonucleotide may then be resuspended directly in water, a buffer or other solution and used directly as a molecular biology reagent, e.g. as a diagnostic reagent in sequencing, PCR or as a probe. The buffer may be chosen to neutralize any residual nucleophilic amino compound (e.g. ammonia) that may be present. Particularly preferred buffers are the acetate, sulfate, hydrochloride, phosphate or free acid forms of Tris-(hydroxymethyl)amino-methane (TRIS®), although alternative buffers of the same approximate ionic strength and pKa as TRIS® may be used with equivalent results. Other preferred buffers are triethyl ammonium salts (e.g. the acetate salt). In addition to the buffer salts, cofactor salts such as those of potassium (preferably potassium chloride or potassium acetate) and magnesium (preferably magnesium chloride or magnesium acetate) may be included. Addition of one or more carbohydrates and/or sugars to the buffer solution and/or deblocking reaction mixtures may also be advantageous, to support enhanced stability of the product upon storage. Preferred such carbohydrates or sugars include, but are not limited to, sucrose, trehalose, and the like. Such carbohydrates and/or sugars are commercially available from a number of sources, including Sigma (St. Louis, Mo.).
The nucleophilic amino compound may be ammonia or ammonia vapors (e.g. obtained by heating a sealable chamber having a quantity of ammonium hydroxide in the bottom), or a C1-6 alkylamino compound. The alkyl group may be straight or branched chain. Examples of such alkylamino compounds include methylamine, ethylamine, propylamine, isopropylamine, butylamine, sec-butylamine, pentylamine and hexylamine. When the nucleophilic amino compound is a liquid at ambient temperature, it may be removed under vacuum with or without heating. In a preferred embodiment, the nucleophilic amino compound is at least saturated with water vapor.
The label on the oligonucleotide may be any conventional label used for detection of oligonucleotides, including, without limitation, fluorescent dyes chosen from the group consisting of xanthenes (e.g., fluoresceins, eosins, erythrosins), rhodamines (e.g., Texas Red®), benzimidazoles, ethidiums, propidiums, anthracyclines, mithramycins, acridines, actinomycins, merocyanines, coumarins (e.g., 4-methyl-7-methoxycoumarin), pyrenes, chrysenes, stilbenes, anthracenes, naphthalenes (e.g., dansyl, 5-dimethylamino-1-naphthalenesulfonyl), salicylic acids, benz-2-oxa-1-diazoles (also known as benzofurans) (e.g., 4-amino-7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazole), indodicarbocyanines (e.g. Cy3® and Cy5®, available from Biological Detection Systems, Inc.), fluorescamine, and psoralen. See U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,997,928, 5,262,536, and EP 63,879. Useful forms of many of these dyes are commercially available. See also A. W. Wagner, Chapter 1, Applications of Fluorescence in the Biomedical Sciences, Taylor et al. (ed.), Alan R. Liss, New York (1986). Particular examples include 6-(fluorescein-6-carboxamido)hexanoate (6-FAM), fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), hexachlorofluorescein (HEX), tetrachlorofluorescein (TET), 6-carboxy-4′,5′-dichloro-2′,7′-dimethoxyfluorescein (6-JOE), and BODIPY. In a preferred embodiment, the oligonucleotides is labeled with the molecular beacon technology according to Tyagi, S. and Kramer, F. R., Nature Biotechnology 14:303-308 (1996). One label that degrades in the presence of ammonia is (6-tetramethylrhodamine (TAMRA).
The blocked, labeled oligonucleotides may be prepared by well known methods, e.g. the phosphoramidite, phosphotriester, phosphodiester, phosphite and H-phosphonate methods, each of which are generally known in the field of molecular biology. For example, the b-cyanoethyl phosphoramidite method is described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,458,066 issued to Caruthers, et al., entitled “Process for Preparing Polynucleotides,” which is incorporated herein by reference. See also E. Eckstein (ed.), Oligonucleotides and Analogs, A Practical Approach, IRL Press, Oxford (1991); GB 2,125,789; and U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,415,732, 4,739,044 and 4,757,141. Such oligonucleotides may be DNA, RNA, mixture of DNA and RNA, derivatives of DNA and RNA and mixtures thereof. In the case of RNA, base stable 2′-protecting groups are preferred. The blocked, labeled oligonucleotide may be free or immobilized on a solid phase which is also cleaved by the gaseous deblocking reagent. The deblocked oligonucleotide may then be recovered by washing the solid phase with water or a buffer.
The blocking group is present on the exocyclic amino groups of A, G and C. Thymine does not require protection. Such blocking groups may be C1-6 alkanoyl (e.g. isobutyryl), aryloyl (benzoyl), phenoxyacetyl, C1-6 alkoxyacetyl, and dimethyl formamidine (on N6 of dA or N2 of dG). When the deblocking reagent is an alkylamine, it is preferred that the base C be blocked with an acetyl group. The blocking group for the phosphorous may be a cyanoethyl group. All of these blocking groups are cleaved at the same time by the deblocking reagent.
The deblocking reaction is preferably carried out in a sealable chamber (although an open chamber may be used in accordance with the invention) that can be heated. Such sealable chambers include screw cap vials, Parr bottles, and the like. The oligonucleotide synthesis and cleavage from the support may be carried out with a commercially available DNA synthesizer, e.g. the ABI 380B DNA synthesizer, or other equipment that is set up for high throughput synthesis on a multi well channel, e.g. a 96 well plate (see, e.g., U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,472,672 and 5,529,756, and U.S. application Ser. No. 09/162,348, filed Sep. 28, 1998, which are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties).
The deblocking reagent is present in an amount effective to deblock the oligonucleotide. In general, the deblocking reagent is present in a large excess compared to the oligonucleotide. In the case of ammonia, the sealable chamber may be charged with about 20 to 200 psi of ammonia, most preferably, about 80 psi. Optimal amounts of the liquid alkylamino compounds may be determined with no more than routine experimentation.
The deblocking reaction is carried out at a temperature of about room temperature to about 150° C. Most preferably, when the deblocking reagent is ammonia, the reaction is carried out at about 95° C.
The deblocking reaction is carried out for about 1 min to about 2 hrs. More preferably, the reaction is carried out for about 1 min to about 1 hr. When the deblocking reagent is ammonia, it is preferred that the reaction be carried out for about 45 min.
By “substantially deblocked” is intended to mean that the blocked oligonucleotide is not detectable, e.g. by ion-pair HPLC, capillary electrophoresis or mass spectrometry, after the deblocking reaction according to the present invention.
The following examples are illustrative, but not limiting, of the method and compositions of the present invention. Other suitable modifications and adaptations of the variety of conditions and parameters normally encountered in molecular biology and chemistry, particularly oligonucleotide synthesis, which are obvious to those skilled in the art in view of the present disclosure are within the spirit and scope of the invention.
EXAMPLES
An example of deblocking of a fluorescein (FAM) labeled oligo under standard conditions (room temperature and 24 hrs) and also gas phase (45 min, 80 psi, 95° C.) is attached (FIGS. 1A and 1B). As can be seen from the chromatogram, the peak for the standard deblocking is broader indicating that there is an incomplete deprotection. However, the chromatogram deblocking with ammonia shows a much sharper peak which is indicative of complete deprotection and no degradation.
In another example an oligonucleotide labeled with hexachlorofluorescein (HEX) and DABCYL (molecular beacon) was deblocked under various conditions (FIGS. 2A-2D). Standard deblocking conditions (95° C., concentrated ammonia, 75 min, FIG. 2A) as well as room temperature treatment over 24 hours (FIG. 2B and FIG. 2C) show formation of a new peak which may be attributed to degradation of the dye. As can be seen from the chromatographs (FIG. 2D) deblocking under gas phase gives better quality oligonucleotides.
EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE
Place the dye-oligo-CPG (obtained from phosphoramidite based automated synthesis) in a high pressure reactor. Charge the reactor with gaseous, ammonia saturated with water vapor (80 psi pressure). Heat the sealed reactor to 95° C. for 45 min. Release the pressure and cool the CPG to room temperature. Elute the oligonucleotide from the CPG with water (˜300 μl is sufficient for 50-200 nmol scale synthesis) and proceed to analysis and purification.
All publications, patents and patent applications mentioned in this specification are indicative of the level of skill of those in the art to which the invention pertains. All publications, patents and patent applications are herein incorporated by reference to the same extent as if each individual publication or patent application was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference in their entirety.

Claims (19)

1. A composition in a sealable chamber comprising a blocked, labeled oligonucleotide, an effective amount of a nucleophilic amino compound sufficient to substantially deblock said oligonucleotide and one or more carbohydrates and/or sugars, said composition being at a pressure greater than atmospheric pressure.
2. A process for substantially deblocking a blocked, labeled oligonucleotide comprising contacting, in a sealable chamber, the blocked labeled oligonucleotide at a pressure greater than atmospheric pressure with an effective amount of a nucleophilic amino compound in the presence of one or more carbohydrates and/or sugars, thereby giving a substantially deblocked oligonucleotide.
3. The process of claim 2, wherein the one or more carbohydrates and/or sugars are selected from the group consisting of sucrose and trehalose.
4. The process of claim 2, wherein the label is a fluorescent label.
5. The process of claim 2, wherein the fluorescent label is hexachlorofluorescein.
6. The process of claim 2, wherein the fluorescent label is 4-([4′-(dimethylamino)phenyl]azo)benzoic acid.
7. The process of claim 2, wherein the nucleophilic amino compound is ammonia.
8. The process of claim 2, wherein the nucleophilic amino compound is ammonia vapors.
9. The process of claim 2, wherein the nucleophilic amino compound is a C1-6 alkylamine.
10. The process of claim 2, further comprising dissolving the substantially deblocked oligonucleotide in a buffer.
11. The process of claim 2, wherein the conditions comprise carrying out the process at about room temperature to about 150° C.
12. The process of claim 2, wherein the conditions comprise carrying out the process at about 95° C.
13. The process of claim 2, wherein the conditions comprise carrying out the process for about 1 minute to about 2 hours.
14. The process of claim 2, wherein the conditions comprise carrying out the process for about 45 minutes.
15. The process of claim 2, wherein the substantially blocked, labeled oligonucleotide is immobilized on a solid phase.
16. The process of claim 15, wherein the substantially deblocked oligonucleotide is released from the solid phase under the conditions.
17. The process of claim 16, wherein the substantially deblocked oligonucleotide is recovered by washing the solid phase with water or a buffer.
18. A process for substantially deblocking a blocked, labeled oligonucleotide comprising contacting, in a sealable chamber, the blocked labeled oligonucleotide with an effective amount of ammonia saturated with water vapor in the presence of one or more carbohydrates and/or sugars at about 80 pounds per square inch, 95° C., for about 45 minutes, thereby giving the substantially deblocked oligonucleotide.
19. The process of claim 18, wherein the blocked, labeled oligonucleotide is immobilized on a solid phase.
US10/365,644 1999-05-24 2003-02-13 Method for deblocking of labeled oligonucleotides Expired - Fee Related US8093372B2 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/365,644 US8093372B2 (en) 1999-05-24 2003-02-13 Method for deblocking of labeled oligonucleotides
US13/152,907 US8524882B2 (en) 1999-05-24 2011-06-03 Method for deblocking of labeled oligonucleotides
US13/964,036 US9085797B2 (en) 1999-05-24 2013-08-09 Method for deblocking of labeled oligonucleotides
US14/748,930 US20160024138A1 (en) 1999-05-24 2015-06-24 Method for deblocking of labeled oligonucleotides

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US13584899P 1999-05-24 1999-05-24
US09/576,555 US6593464B1 (en) 1999-05-24 2000-05-24 Method for deblocking of labeled oligonucleotides
US10/365,644 US8093372B2 (en) 1999-05-24 2003-02-13 Method for deblocking of labeled oligonucleotides

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US09/576,555 Continuation US6593464B1 (en) 1999-05-24 2000-05-24 Method for deblocking of labeled oligonucleotides

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US13/152,907 Continuation US8524882B2 (en) 1999-05-24 2011-06-03 Method for deblocking of labeled oligonucleotides

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20030120063A1 US20030120063A1 (en) 2003-06-26
US8093372B2 true US8093372B2 (en) 2012-01-10

Family

ID=22469987

Family Applications (5)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US09/576,555 Expired - Lifetime US6593464B1 (en) 1999-05-24 2000-05-24 Method for deblocking of labeled oligonucleotides
US10/365,644 Expired - Fee Related US8093372B2 (en) 1999-05-24 2003-02-13 Method for deblocking of labeled oligonucleotides
US13/152,907 Expired - Fee Related US8524882B2 (en) 1999-05-24 2011-06-03 Method for deblocking of labeled oligonucleotides
US13/964,036 Expired - Fee Related US9085797B2 (en) 1999-05-24 2013-08-09 Method for deblocking of labeled oligonucleotides
US14/748,930 Abandoned US20160024138A1 (en) 1999-05-24 2015-06-24 Method for deblocking of labeled oligonucleotides

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US09/576,555 Expired - Lifetime US6593464B1 (en) 1999-05-24 2000-05-24 Method for deblocking of labeled oligonucleotides

Family Applications After (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US13/152,907 Expired - Fee Related US8524882B2 (en) 1999-05-24 2011-06-03 Method for deblocking of labeled oligonucleotides
US13/964,036 Expired - Fee Related US9085797B2 (en) 1999-05-24 2013-08-09 Method for deblocking of labeled oligonucleotides
US14/748,930 Abandoned US20160024138A1 (en) 1999-05-24 2015-06-24 Method for deblocking of labeled oligonucleotides

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (5) US6593464B1 (en)
EP (1) EP1185544B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2003522119A (en)
AT (1) ATE415409T1 (en)
AU (1) AU5285800A (en)
CA (1) CA2375060A1 (en)
DE (1) DE60040912D1 (en)
WO (1) WO2000071559A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8524882B2 (en) * 1999-05-24 2013-09-03 Life Technologies Corporation Method for deblocking of labeled oligonucleotides

Families Citing this family (28)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2374515A1 (en) * 1999-05-21 2000-11-30 Christian E. Gruber Compositions and methods for labeling of nucleic acid molecules
AU2005230684B2 (en) 2004-04-05 2011-10-06 Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Process and reagents for oligonucleotide synthesis and purification
CA2562685C (en) * 2004-04-27 2013-09-17 Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Single-stranded and double-stranded oligonucleotides comprising a 2-arylpropyl moiety
JP4584987B2 (en) * 2004-04-30 2010-11-24 アルニラム ファーマスーティカルズ インコーポレイテッド Oligonucleotides containing C5-modified pyrimidines
EP1789553B1 (en) * 2004-06-30 2014-03-26 Alnylam Pharmaceuticals Inc. Oligonucleotides comprising a non-phosphate backbone linkage
EP1828215A2 (en) 2004-07-21 2007-09-05 Alnylam Pharmaceuticals Inc. Oligonucleotides comprising a modified or non-natural nucleobase
US7632932B2 (en) 2004-08-04 2009-12-15 Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Oligonucleotides comprising a ligand tethered to a modified or non-natural nucleobase
EP3722442B1 (en) 2013-08-05 2023-04-05 Twist Bioscience Corporation De novo synthesized gene libraries
US10669304B2 (en) 2015-02-04 2020-06-02 Twist Bioscience Corporation Methods and devices for de novo oligonucleic acid assembly
CA2975855A1 (en) 2015-02-04 2016-08-11 Twist Bioscience Corporation Compositions and methods for synthetic gene assembly
WO2016172377A1 (en) 2015-04-21 2016-10-27 Twist Bioscience Corporation Devices and methods for oligonucleic acid library synthesis
KR20180050411A (en) 2015-09-18 2018-05-14 트위스트 바이오사이언스 코포레이션 Oligonucleotide mutant library and its synthesis
CN113604546A (en) 2015-09-22 2021-11-05 特韦斯特生物科学公司 Flexible substrates for nucleic acid synthesis
CN108603307A (en) 2015-12-01 2018-09-28 特韦斯特生物科学公司 functionalized surface and its preparation
GB2568444A (en) 2016-08-22 2019-05-15 Twist Bioscience Corp De novo synthesized nucleic acid libraries
JP6871364B2 (en) 2016-09-21 2021-05-12 ツイスト バイオサイエンス コーポレーション Nucleic acid-based data storage
WO2018112426A1 (en) 2016-12-16 2018-06-21 Twist Bioscience Corporation Variant libraries of the immunological synapse and synthesis thereof
CN110892485A (en) 2017-02-22 2020-03-17 特韦斯特生物科学公司 Nucleic acid based data storage
US10894959B2 (en) 2017-03-15 2021-01-19 Twist Bioscience Corporation Variant libraries of the immunological synapse and synthesis thereof
WO2018231864A1 (en) 2017-06-12 2018-12-20 Twist Bioscience Corporation Methods for seamless nucleic acid assembly
CA3066744A1 (en) 2017-06-12 2018-12-20 Twist Bioscience Corporation Methods for seamless nucleic acid assembly
KR20200047706A (en) 2017-09-11 2020-05-07 트위스트 바이오사이언스 코포레이션 GPCR binding protein and method for synthesis thereof
CN111565834B (en) 2017-10-20 2022-08-26 特韦斯特生物科学公司 Heated nanopores for polynucleotide synthesis
SG11202006460SA (en) 2018-01-04 2020-08-28 Twist Bioscience Corp Dna-based digital information storage
SG11202011467RA (en) 2018-05-18 2020-12-30 Twist Bioscience Corp Polynucleotides, reagents, and methods for nucleic acid hybridization
WO2020176680A1 (en) 2019-02-26 2020-09-03 Twist Bioscience Corporation Variant nucleic acid libraries for antibody optimization
SG11202109322TA (en) 2019-02-26 2021-09-29 Twist Bioscience Corp Variant nucleic acid libraries for glp1 receptor
US11332738B2 (en) 2019-06-21 2022-05-17 Twist Bioscience Corporation Barcode-based nucleic acid sequence assembly

Citations (37)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4055469A (en) 1976-12-10 1977-10-25 Eastman Kodak Company Purification of microbial enzyme extracts using synthetic polyelectrolytes
EP0063879A2 (en) 1981-04-17 1982-11-03 Yale University Modified nucleotides and methods of preparing and using same
US4415732A (en) 1981-03-27 1983-11-15 University Patents, Inc. Phosphoramidite compounds and processes
US4419509A (en) 1981-08-24 1983-12-06 Eli Lilly And Company Process for de-cyanoethylating blocked nucleotides
GB2125789A (en) 1982-08-25 1984-03-14 Velsicol Chemical Corp Herbicidal Trianzinyl aminocarbonyl-sulphonamides
US4458066A (en) 1980-02-29 1984-07-03 University Patents, Inc. Process for preparing polynucleotides
US4739044A (en) 1985-06-13 1988-04-19 Amgen Method for derivitization of polynucleotides
US4757141A (en) 1985-08-26 1988-07-12 Applied Biosystems, Incorporated Amino-derivatized phosphite and phosphate linking agents, phosphoramidite precursors, and useful conjugates thereof
US4797480A (en) 1985-06-06 1989-01-10 Universita Degli Studi Di Parma New biologically active fluorescent cyclic nucleotides
EP0323152A2 (en) 1987-12-24 1989-07-05 Applied Biosystems, Inc. Method of synthesizing oligonucleotides
US4997928A (en) 1988-09-15 1991-03-05 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Fluorescent reagents for the preparation of 5'-tagged oligonucleotides
WO1993022329A1 (en) 1992-04-24 1993-11-11 Beckman Instruments, Inc. Methods and reagents for cleaving and deprotecting oligonucleotides
US5262536A (en) 1988-09-15 1993-11-16 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Reagents for the preparation of 5'-tagged oligonucleotides
WO1995013399A1 (en) 1993-11-12 1995-05-18 The Public Health Research Institute Of The City Of New York, Inc. Hybridization probes for nucleic acid detection, universal stems, methods and kits
US5428148A (en) 1992-04-24 1995-06-27 Beckman Instruments, Inc. N4 - acylated cytidinyl compounds useful in oligonucleotide synthesis
US5472672A (en) 1993-10-22 1995-12-05 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Apparatus and method for polymer synthesis using arrays
US5514789A (en) 1994-04-21 1996-05-07 Barrskogen, Inc. Recovery of oligonucleotides by gas phase cleavage
US5539097A (en) 1983-09-02 1996-07-23 Molecular Biosystems, Inc. Oligonucleotide polymeric support system
US5623068A (en) * 1994-03-07 1997-04-22 Beckman Instruments, Inc. Synthesis of DNA using substituted phenylacetyl-protected nucleotides
EP0786468A2 (en) 1996-01-29 1997-07-30 The Perkin-Elmer Corporation Solid support reagents for the direct synthesis of 3'-labeled polynucleotides
US5756705A (en) * 1997-03-05 1998-05-26 Wang; Edge Renfeng Method for labeling oligonucleotide with ammonia-sensitive ligands
WO1998023774A1 (en) 1996-11-29 1998-06-04 Third Wave Technologies, Inc. Fen-1 endonucleases, mixtures and cleavage methods
US5773590A (en) 1997-04-08 1998-06-30 Betzdearborn Inc. Methods of separating lignin solids and black liquor from tall oil fatty acids
US5804375A (en) 1990-08-06 1998-09-08 Roche Molecular Systems, Inc. Reaction mixtures for detection of target nucleic acids
US5888397A (en) 1995-06-07 1999-03-30 Arch Develop. Corp. Process for recovering chaotropic anions from an aqueous solution also containing other ions
US5897838A (en) * 1994-03-11 1999-04-27 Barrskogen, Inc. Apparatus for rapid evaporation of aqueous solutions
WO1999038962A2 (en) 1998-02-02 1999-08-05 Gentra Systems, Inc. Compositions and methods for using a lysing matrix for isolating dna
US5942609A (en) * 1998-11-12 1999-08-24 The Porkin-Elmer Corporation Ligation assembly and detection of polynucleotides on solid-support
US6090934A (en) 1996-10-20 2000-07-18 Council Of Scientific & Industrial Research Universal support for the synthesis of oligonucleotides
US6255476B1 (en) 1999-02-22 2001-07-03 Pe Corporation (Ny) Methods and compositions for synthesis of labelled oligonucleotides and analogs on solid-supports
US6296787B1 (en) * 1996-01-16 2001-10-02 Lumigen, Inc. Compounds, compositions and methods for generating chemiluminescence with phosphatase enzymes
US20020090635A1 (en) 2000-12-12 2002-07-11 Invitrogen Corporation Compositions and methods for the release of nucleic acid molecules from solid matrices
US20020143166A1 (en) 2000-11-09 2002-10-03 Invitrogen Corporation Method for removing a universal linker from an oligonucleotide
US6468743B1 (en) * 1998-05-18 2002-10-22 Conagra Grocery Products Company PCR techniques for detecting microbial contaminants in foodstuffs
US6583168B1 (en) * 1997-11-25 2003-06-24 Applera Corporation Sulfonated diarylrhodamine dyes
US6593464B1 (en) * 1999-05-24 2003-07-15 Invitrogen Corporation Method for deblocking of labeled oligonucleotides
US6664388B2 (en) * 2001-03-08 2003-12-16 Applera Corporation Reagents for oligonucleotide cleavage and deprotection

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5736480A (en) 1994-02-22 1998-04-07 California Institute Of Technology Supported phase chiral sulfonated BINAP catalyst solubilized in alcohol and method of asymmetric hydrogenation

Patent Citations (46)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4055469A (en) 1976-12-10 1977-10-25 Eastman Kodak Company Purification of microbial enzyme extracts using synthetic polyelectrolytes
US4458066A (en) 1980-02-29 1984-07-03 University Patents, Inc. Process for preparing polynucleotides
US4415732A (en) 1981-03-27 1983-11-15 University Patents, Inc. Phosphoramidite compounds and processes
EP0063879A2 (en) 1981-04-17 1982-11-03 Yale University Modified nucleotides and methods of preparing and using same
US4419509A (en) 1981-08-24 1983-12-06 Eli Lilly And Company Process for de-cyanoethylating blocked nucleotides
GB2125789A (en) 1982-08-25 1984-03-14 Velsicol Chemical Corp Herbicidal Trianzinyl aminocarbonyl-sulphonamides
US5539097A (en) 1983-09-02 1996-07-23 Molecular Biosystems, Inc. Oligonucleotide polymeric support system
US4797480A (en) 1985-06-06 1989-01-10 Universita Degli Studi Di Parma New biologically active fluorescent cyclic nucleotides
US4739044A (en) 1985-06-13 1988-04-19 Amgen Method for derivitization of polynucleotides
US4757141A (en) 1985-08-26 1988-07-12 Applied Biosystems, Incorporated Amino-derivatized phosphite and phosphate linking agents, phosphoramidite precursors, and useful conjugates thereof
US4965349A (en) * 1987-12-24 1990-10-23 Applied Biosystems, Inc. Method of synthesizing oligonucleotides labeled with ammonia-labile groups on solid phase supports
JPH02796A (en) 1987-12-24 1990-01-05 Applied Biosystems Inc Synthsis of oligonucleotide standardized on solid-phase supporting base material with ammonia-unstable group
EP0323152A2 (en) 1987-12-24 1989-07-05 Applied Biosystems, Inc. Method of synthesizing oligonucleotides
US4997928A (en) 1988-09-15 1991-03-05 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Fluorescent reagents for the preparation of 5'-tagged oligonucleotides
US5262536A (en) 1988-09-15 1993-11-16 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Reagents for the preparation of 5'-tagged oligonucleotides
US5804375A (en) 1990-08-06 1998-09-08 Roche Molecular Systems, Inc. Reaction mixtures for detection of target nucleic acids
JPH07505904A (en) 1992-04-24 1995-06-29 ベックマン インスツルメンツ インコーポレーテッド Methods and reagents for cleaving and deprotecting oligonucleotides
US5428148A (en) 1992-04-24 1995-06-27 Beckman Instruments, Inc. N4 - acylated cytidinyl compounds useful in oligonucleotide synthesis
US5518651A (en) 1992-04-24 1996-05-21 Beckman Instruments, Inc. Methods and reagents for cleaving and deprotecting oligonucleotides
WO1993022329A1 (en) 1992-04-24 1993-11-11 Beckman Instruments, Inc. Methods and reagents for cleaving and deprotecting oligonucleotides
US5472672A (en) 1993-10-22 1995-12-05 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Apparatus and method for polymer synthesis using arrays
US5529756A (en) 1993-10-22 1996-06-25 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Apparatus and method for polymer synthesis using arrays
JPH09504950A (en) 1993-11-12 1997-05-20 ザ パブリック ヘルス リサーチ インスティチュート オブ ザ シティー オブ ニューヨーク インク Hybridization probe for nucleic acid detection, common stem, method and kit
WO1995013399A1 (en) 1993-11-12 1995-05-18 The Public Health Research Institute Of The City Of New York, Inc. Hybridization probes for nucleic acid detection, universal stems, methods and kits
US5623068A (en) * 1994-03-07 1997-04-22 Beckman Instruments, Inc. Synthesis of DNA using substituted phenylacetyl-protected nucleotides
US5897838A (en) * 1994-03-11 1999-04-27 Barrskogen, Inc. Apparatus for rapid evaporation of aqueous solutions
US5514789A (en) 1994-04-21 1996-05-07 Barrskogen, Inc. Recovery of oligonucleotides by gas phase cleavage
US5738829A (en) 1994-04-21 1998-04-14 Barrskogen, Inc. Recovery of oligonucleotides by gas phase cleavage
US5888397A (en) 1995-06-07 1999-03-30 Arch Develop. Corp. Process for recovering chaotropic anions from an aqueous solution also containing other ions
US6296787B1 (en) * 1996-01-16 2001-10-02 Lumigen, Inc. Compounds, compositions and methods for generating chemiluminescence with phosphatase enzymes
US5736626A (en) 1996-01-29 1998-04-07 The Perkin-Elmer Corporation Solid support reagents for the direct synthesis of 3'-labeled polynucleotides
JPH09208595A (en) 1996-01-29 1997-08-12 Perkin Elmer Corp:The Solid support reagent for directly synthesizing 3'-labeled polynucleotide
EP0786468A2 (en) 1996-01-29 1997-07-30 The Perkin-Elmer Corporation Solid support reagents for the direct synthesis of 3'-labeled polynucleotides
US6090934A (en) 1996-10-20 2000-07-18 Council Of Scientific & Industrial Research Universal support for the synthesis of oligonucleotides
WO1998023774A1 (en) 1996-11-29 1998-06-04 Third Wave Technologies, Inc. Fen-1 endonucleases, mixtures and cleavage methods
US5756705A (en) * 1997-03-05 1998-05-26 Wang; Edge Renfeng Method for labeling oligonucleotide with ammonia-sensitive ligands
US5773590A (en) 1997-04-08 1998-06-30 Betzdearborn Inc. Methods of separating lignin solids and black liquor from tall oil fatty acids
US6583168B1 (en) * 1997-11-25 2003-06-24 Applera Corporation Sulfonated diarylrhodamine dyes
WO1999038962A2 (en) 1998-02-02 1999-08-05 Gentra Systems, Inc. Compositions and methods for using a lysing matrix for isolating dna
US6468743B1 (en) * 1998-05-18 2002-10-22 Conagra Grocery Products Company PCR techniques for detecting microbial contaminants in foodstuffs
US5942609A (en) * 1998-11-12 1999-08-24 The Porkin-Elmer Corporation Ligation assembly and detection of polynucleotides on solid-support
US6255476B1 (en) 1999-02-22 2001-07-03 Pe Corporation (Ny) Methods and compositions for synthesis of labelled oligonucleotides and analogs on solid-supports
US6593464B1 (en) * 1999-05-24 2003-07-15 Invitrogen Corporation Method for deblocking of labeled oligonucleotides
US20020143166A1 (en) 2000-11-09 2002-10-03 Invitrogen Corporation Method for removing a universal linker from an oligonucleotide
US20020090635A1 (en) 2000-12-12 2002-07-11 Invitrogen Corporation Compositions and methods for the release of nucleic acid molecules from solid matrices
US6664388B2 (en) * 2001-03-08 2003-12-16 Applera Corporation Reagents for oligonucleotide cleavage and deprotection

Non-Patent Citations (32)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
"AC-DC," Glen Research, Online Product Information, 6 pages, Glen Research, available at www.glenres.com (May 20, 1999).
"Alternatives to Expedite Monomers," Glen Research, Online Product Information, 8 pages, (May 20, 1999).
"Solid phase phosporamidite oligonucleotide synthesis," in Oligonucleotides and Analogues. A Practical Approach, Eckstein, F., ed., IRL Press, New York, 2.2:4-9 (1991).
Boal, J.H., et al., "Cleavage of oligodeoxyribonucleotides from controlled-pore glass supports and their rapid deprotection by gaseous amines," Nucl. Acids Res. 24:3115-3117, IRL Press (1996).
Costa, G.L. and Weiner, M.P., "Cloning and Analysis of PCR-generated DNA Fragments," in PCR Primer: A Laboratory Manual, Dieffenbach, C.W. and Dveksler, G.S., eds., Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, pp. 555-580 (1995).
Crea, R. and Horn, T., "Synthesis of oligonucleotides on cellulose by a phosphotriester method," Nucleic Acids Res. 8:2331-2348, IRL Press Limited (1980).
EP Application No. 00937721.9, European Search Report mailed Jun. 3, 2002.
European Search Report for European Patent Application No. 00937721.9, mailed Jun. 3, 2002.
Gait, M.J., et al., "Chapter 2: Oligoribonucleotide synthesis," in: Oligonucleotides and Analogues: A Practical Approach, Eckstein, F., ed., IRL Press at Oxford University Press, Oxford, Great Britain, pp. 25-48 (1991).
GIBCO BRL, "DNA Isolation," in: Product Catalogue and Reference Guide, Life Technologies, Gaithersburg, MD, pp. 14-2 to 14-18 and 18-36 to 18-37 (1995).
Gough, G.R., et al., "2'(3')-0-Benzoyluridine 5' Linked to Glass: An All-Purpose Support for Solid Phase Synthesis of Oligodeoxyribonucleotides," Tetrahedron Lett. 24:5321-5324, Pergamon Press Ltd. (1983).
Gough, G.R., et al., "2′(3′)-0-Benzoyluridine 5′ Linked to Glass: An All-Purpose Support for Solid Phase Synthesis of Oligodeoxyribonucleotides," Tetrahedron Lett. 24:5321-5324, Pergamon Press Ltd. (1983).
International Search Report for International Patent Application No. PCT/US00/14274, mailed Aug. 31, 2000.
Jinks, D.C., et al., "Molecular genetic diagnosis of sickle cell disease using dried blood specimens on blotters used for newborn screening," Hum. Genet. 81:363-366, Springer-Verlag (1989).
JP Application No. 2000-619814, Office Action mailed Oct. 4, 2010.
JP Application No. 2000-619814, Response to Oct. 4, 2010 Office Action filed Mar. 30, 2011.
Lyttle, M.H., et al., "A new universal linker for solid phase DNA synthesis," Nucleic Acids Res. 24:2793-2798, Oxford University Press (1996).
Lyttle, M.H., et al., "A Phosphate Bound Universal Linker for DNA Synthesis," Nucleosides & Nucleotides 18:1809-1824, Marcel Dekker, Inc. (Aug. 1999).
Lyttle, M.H., et al., "Versatile Linker Chemistry for Synthesis of 3′-Modified DNA," Bioconjugate Chem. 8:193-198, American Chemical Society (1997).
Lyttle, M.H., et al., "Versatile Linker Chemistry for Synthesis of 3'-Modified DNA," Bioconjugate Chem. 8:193-198, American Chemical Society (1997).
Matteucci, M.D., and Caruthers, M.H., "Synthesis of Deoxyoligonucleotides on a Polymer Support," J. Am. Chem. Soc. 103:3185-3191, American Chemical Society (1981).
Mullah et al., "Efficient Synthesis of Double Dye-Labeled Oligodeoxy-ribonucleotide Probes and Their Application in a Real Time PCR Assay," Nucleic Acids Research, 26(4), 1026-1031 (Feb. 15, 1998). *
Mullah et al., "Efficient Synthesis of Double Dye-Labeled Oligodeoxyribonucleotide Probes and Their Application in a Real Time PCR Assay," Nucleic Acids Research, 26(4), 1026-1031 (Feb. 15, 1998).
Nelson, P.S., et al., "Rainbow(TM) Universal CPG: A Versatile Solid Support for Oligonucleotide Synthesis," BioTechniques 22:752-756, Eaton Publishing Company (1997).
Nelson, P.S., et al., "Rainbow™ Universal CPG: A Versatile Solid Support for Oligonucleotide Synthesis," BioTechniques 22:752-756, Eaton Publishing Company (1997).
Pending U.S. Appl. No. 09/245,023, Schuette et al., filed Feb. 5, 1999.
Reddy, M.P., et al., "Fast Cleavage and Deprotection of Oligonucleotides," Tetrahedron Lett. 35:4311-4314, Pergamon Press (1994).
Ruth, J.L., "Chapter 11:Oligodeoxynucleotides with reporter groups attached to the base," in Oligonucleotides and Analogues: A Practical Approach, Eckstein, F., ed., IRL Press at Oxford University Press, Oxford, Great Britain, pp. 255-282 (1991).
Sinha, N.D., and Striepeke, S., "Chapter 8: Oligonucleotides with reporter groups attached to the 5′-terminus," in Oligonucleotides and Analogues: A Practical Approach, Eckstein, F., ed., IRL Press at Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 185-210 (1991).
Sinha, N.D., and Striepeke, S., "Chapter 8: Oligonucleotides with reporter groups attached to the 5'-terminus," in Oligonucleotides and Analogues: A Practical Approach, Eckstein, F., ed., IRL Press at Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 185-210 (1991).
Tyagi, S., and Kramer, F.R., "Molecular Beacons: Probes that Fluoresce upon Hybridization," Nature Biotechnology 14:303-308, Nature Publishing Group (1996).
Waggoner, A.S., "1. Fluorescent Probes for Analysis of Cell Structure, Function, and Health by Flow and Image Cytometry," in Applications of Fluorescence in the Biomedical Sciences, Ch. 1, Taylor et al., ed., Alan R. Liss, New York, (1986).

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8524882B2 (en) * 1999-05-24 2013-09-03 Life Technologies Corporation Method for deblocking of labeled oligonucleotides
US9085797B2 (en) 1999-05-24 2015-07-21 Life Technologies Corporation Method for deblocking of labeled oligonucleotides

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2000071559A1 (en) 2000-11-30
US20160024138A1 (en) 2016-01-28
ATE415409T1 (en) 2008-12-15
JP2003522119A (en) 2003-07-22
CA2375060A1 (en) 2000-11-30
US20140066612A1 (en) 2014-03-06
US8524882B2 (en) 2013-09-03
US20120253028A1 (en) 2012-10-04
EP1185544A4 (en) 2002-07-17
EP1185544A1 (en) 2002-03-13
US9085797B2 (en) 2015-07-21
EP1185544B1 (en) 2008-11-26
DE60040912D1 (en) 2009-01-08
AU5285800A (en) 2000-12-12
WO2000071559A9 (en) 2001-06-21
US6593464B1 (en) 2003-07-15
US20030120063A1 (en) 2003-06-26

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US9085797B2 (en) Method for deblocking of labeled oligonucleotides
EP0786468B1 (en) Solid support reagents for the direct synthesis of 3'-labeled polynucleotides
CA2360543C (en) Binary probe and clamp composition and methods for target hybridization detection
US6825331B2 (en) Aminooxy functionalized oligomers, oligomer arrays and methods of using them
US6590093B1 (en) Orthoester protecting groups
US5798210A (en) Derivatives utilizable in nucleic acid sequencing
JP2511005B2 (en) In vitro oligonucleotide synthesis method and reagent used therefor
US20050027116A1 (en) Solid phase synthesis
US20100087634A1 (en) Fluorous Oligonucleotide Reagents and Affinity Purification of Oligonucleotides
JP2004535382A (en) Mobility modified nucleobase polymers and methods of using the same
EP3126517B1 (en) Modified cytosine polynucleotide oligomers and methods
US6887990B1 (en) Method for deprotecting oligonucleotides
JPH0665280A (en) Fluorescent labeling compound and its preparation and use
JP2017516494A (en) Modified thymine polynucleotide oligomers and methods
US20020143166A1 (en) Method for removing a universal linker from an oligonucleotide
US6399765B1 (en) Methods for removing dimethoxytrityl groups from oligonucleotides
WO2002020541A2 (en) Process for producing multiple oligonucleotides on a solid support
US6864049B1 (en) Method for producing hybridization complexes whose stability is substantially independent of the base composition of two hybridized nucleic acid molecules
Nelson et al. 3′-Terminal modification of oligonucleotides using a universal solid support
Mishra et al. Synthesis and application of fluorous-tagged oligonucleotides
Martinez 3 Oligonucleotide Synthesis and Purification
Fillon et al. 3 Oligonucleotide Synthesis
US20090048436A1 (en) Methods of synthesizing chemically cleavable phosphoramidite linkers
US20090047712A1 (en) Chemically cleavable phosphoramidite linkers

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: BANK OF AMERICA, N.A., AS COLLATERAL AGENT, WASHIN

Free format text: SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNOR:LIFE TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:021975/0467

Effective date: 20081121

Owner name: BANK OF AMERICA, N.A., AS COLLATERAL AGENT,WASHING

Free format text: SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNOR:LIFE TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:021975/0467

Effective date: 20081121

ZAAA Notice of allowance and fees due

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: NOA

ZAAB Notice of allowance mailed

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: MN/=.

ZAAA Notice of allowance and fees due

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: NOA

ZAAB Notice of allowance mailed

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: MN/=.

STCF Information on status: patent grant

Free format text: PATENTED CASE

AS Assignment

Owner name: LIFE TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION, CALIFORNIA

Free format text: LIEN RELEASE;ASSIGNOR:BANK OF AMERICA, N.A.;REEL/FRAME:030182/0461

Effective date: 20100528

FPAY Fee payment

Year of fee payment: 4

MAFP Maintenance fee payment

Free format text: PAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEE, 8TH YEAR, LARGE ENTITY (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: M1552); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY

Year of fee payment: 8

FEPP Fee payment procedure

Free format text: MAINTENANCE FEE REMINDER MAILED (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: REM.); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY

LAPS Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees

Free format text: PATENT EXPIRED FOR FAILURE TO PAY MAINTENANCE FEES (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: EXP.); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY

STCH Information on status: patent discontinuation

Free format text: PATENT EXPIRED DUE TO NONPAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEES UNDER 37 CFR 1.362