Search Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »
Advanced Patent Search | Web History | Sign in

Patents

A semiconductor nanocrystal compound and probe are described. The compound is capable of linking to one or more affinity molecules. The compound comprises (1) one or more semiconductor nanocrystals capable of, in response to exposure to a first energy, providing a second energy, and (2) one or more linking agents, having a first portion linked to the one or more semiconductor nanocrystals and a second portion capable of linking to one or more affinity molecules. One or more semiconductor nanocrystal compounds are linked to one or more affinity molecules to form a semiconductor nanocrystal probe capable of bonding with one or more detectable substances in a material being analyzed, and capable of, in response to exposure to a first energy, providing a second energy. Also described are processes for respectively: making the semiconductor nanocrystal compound; making the semiconductor nanocrystal probe; and treating materials with the probe.

Inventors: Shimon Weiss, Marcel Bruchez, Paul Alivisatos
Original Assignee: The Regents of the University of California
Primary Examiner: Eric S Dejong
Attorney: Knobbe Martens Olson & Bear, LLP
Current U.S. Classification: 435/283.1; 435/6

View patent at USPTO
Search USPTO Assignment Database
Download USPTO Public PAIR data

Citations

Cited PatentFiling dateIssue dateOriginal AssigneeTitle
US395466611 Jul 19744 May 1976E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and CompanySemipermeable microcapsules containing heterogeneous catalysts and ferromagnetic materials
US399634530 Jun 19757 Dec 1976Syva CompanyFluorescence quenching with immunological pairs in immunoassays
US423819518 Jan 19799 Dec 1980Miles Laboratories, Inc.Fluorescer-labeled specific binding assays
US425020512 Sep 197810 Feb 1981Agence Nationale de Valorisation de la Recherche (ANVAR)Process for depositing a III-V semi-conductor layer on a substrate
US459426420 Nov 198410 Jun 1986Hughes Aircraft CompanyMethod for forming gallium arsenide from thin solid films of gallium-arsenic complexes
US46379883 Feb 198620 Jan 1987Eastman Kodak CompanyFluorescent labels for immunoassay
US47389323 Dec 198519 Apr 1988Advanced Polymer Systems, Inc.Reaginic test for syphilis
US477712827 May 198611 Oct 1988Ethigen CorporationFluorescence immunoassay involving energy transfer between two fluorophores
US479870113 Jul 198717 Jan 1989International Business Machines CorporationMethod of synthesizing amorphous group IIIA-group VA compounds
US480295123 Dec 19877 Feb 1989Trustees of Boston University
University of Colorado Foundation, Inc.		Method for parallel fabrication of nanometer scale multi-device structures
US481466823 Dec 198721 Mar 1989Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.Electroluminescent display device
US508412823 Oct 199028 Jan 1992E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and CompanyLow-temperature synthesis of group III-group V semiconductors
US510182711 Mar 19887 Apr 1992Immunomedics, Inc.Lymphographic and organ imaging method and kit
US514784123 Nov 199015 Sep 1992The United States of America as represented by the United States Department of EnergyMethod for the preparation of metal colloids in inverse micelles and product preferred by the method
US520066818 Jul 19906 Apr 1993Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals, Inc.Luminescence element
US521242624 Jan 199118 May 1993Motorola, Inc.Integrally controlled field emission flat display device
US521957722 Jun 199015 Jun 1993The Regents of the University of CaliforniaBiologically active composition having a nanocrystalline core
US526095729 Oct 19929 Nov 1993The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc.Quantum dot Laser
US526235722 Nov 199116 Nov 1993The Regents of the University of CaliforniaLow temperature thin films formed from nanocrystal precursors
US529305025 Mar 19938 Mar 1994International Business Machines CorporationSemiconductor quantum dot light emitting/detecting devices
US53047865 Jan 199019 Apr 1994Symbol Technologies, Inc.High density two-dimensional bar code symbol
US530880415 Dec 19923 May 1994Moving disks made of semiconductor nanocrystallite embedded glass
US531920919 Nov 19927 Jun 1994Hammamatsu Photonics K.K.Method for measurement of intracellular ion concentration using fluorescence probe dyes
US53547079 Nov 199311 Oct 1994International Business Machines CorporationMethod of making semiconductor quantum dot light emitting/detecting devices
US539579120 Oct 19937 Mar 1995Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing CompanyGrowth of II VI laser diodes with quantum wells by atomic layer epitaxy and migration enhanced epitaxy
US542248924 Jan 19946 Jun 1995Light emitting device
US542776713 May 199227 Jun 1995Institut fur Diagnostikforschung GmbH an der Freien Universitat BerlinNanocrystalline magnetic iron oxide particles-method for preparation and use in medical diagnostics and therapy
US542982415 Dec 19924 Jul 1995Eastman Kodak CompanyUse of tyloxapole as a nanoparticle stabilizer and dispersant
US543487818 Mar 199418 Jul 1995Brown University Research FoundationOptical gain medium having doped nanocrystals of semiconductors and also optical scatterers
US54422544 May 199315 Aug 1995Motorola, Inc.Fluorescent device with quantum contained particle screen
US544858218 Mar 19945 Sep 1995Brown University Research FoundationOptical sources having a strongly scattering gain medium providing laser-like action
US545548911 Apr 19943 Oct 1995Displays comprising doped nanocrystal phosphors
US54608314 Nov 199324 Oct 1995The Regents of the University of CaliforniaTargeted transfection nanoparticles
US547459131 Jan 199412 Dec 1995Duke UniversityMethod of synthesizing III-V semiconductor nanocrystals
US549208021 Dec 199420 Feb 1996Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.Crystal-growth method and semiconductor device production method using the crystal-growth method
US549653625 Apr 19955 Mar 1996Percutaneous lymphography
US549926029 Jul 199412 Mar 1996Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.Semiconductor laser and a method for fabricating the same
US550592821 Apr 19949 Apr 1996The Regents of University of CaliforniaPreparation of III-V semiconductor nanocrystals
US55153934 Aug 19937 May 1996Sony CorporationSemiconductor laser with ZnMgSSe cladding layers
US55253777 Jun 199511 Jun 1996U.S. Philips CorporationMethod of manufacturing encapsulated doped particles
US553700029 Apr 199416 Jul 1996The Regents, University of CaliforniaElectroluminescent devices formed using semiconductor nanocrystals as an electron transport media and method of making such electroluminescent devices
US554194828 Nov 199430 Jul 1996The Regents of the University of CaliforniaTransition-metal doped sulfide, selenide, and telluride laser crystal and lasers
US556532413 Apr 199415 Oct 1996The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New York
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory		Complex combinatorial chemical libraries encoded with tags
US558564011 Jan 199517 Dec 1996Glass matrix doped with activated luminescent nanocrystalline particles
US561314011 Oct 199418 Mar 1997Sony CorporationQuantum dot-tunnel device which can be selectively excited by a first light emitting source and the information thus stored can be read with a second light emitting source
US56254569 Mar 199529 Apr 1997Brown University Research FoundationOptical sources having a strongly scattering gain medium providing laser-like action
US567469830 Mar 19957 Oct 1997SRI InternationalUp-converting reporters for biological and other assays using laser excitation techniques
US567754512 Sep 199414 Oct 1997MotorolaOrganic light emitting diodes with molecular alignment and method of fabrication
US571180329 Sep 199527 Jan 1998Midwest Research InstitutePreparation of a semiconductor thin film
US57210997 Jun 199524 Feb 1998Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New York
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory		Complex combinatorial chemical libraries encoded with tags
US573633011 Oct 19957 Apr 1998Luminex CorporationMethod and compositions for flow cytometric determination of DNA sequences
US57471805 Dec 19965 May 1998University of Notre Dame Du LacElectrochemical synthesis of quasi-periodic quantum dot and nanostructure arrays
US575101829 Apr 199412 May 1998The Regents of the University of CAliforniaSemiconductor nanocrystals covalently bound to solid inorganic surfaces using self-assembled monolayers
US57702995 Nov 199623 Jun 1998Mercedes-Benz AGMarking for objects painted with an effect paint and process for producing the marking
US57861399 Dec 199428 Jul 1998PanVera CorporationMethod and kit for detecting nucleic acid cleavage utilizing a covalently attached fluorescent tag
US57891627 Jun 19954 Aug 1998Affymax Technologies N.V.Methods of synthesizing diverse collections of oligomers
US584651730 Jan 19978 Dec 1998ImaRx Pharmaceutical Corp.Methods for diagnostic imaging using a renal contrast agent and a vasodilator
US58568141 Aug 19965 Jan 1999Driving method for display apparatus
US58827796 Feb 199716 Mar 1999Spectra Science CorporationSemiconductor nanocrystal display materials and display apparatus employing same
US590667018 Jun 199625 May 1999Isis Innovation LimitedMaking particles of uniform size
US59105546 Jun 19978 Jun 1999Regents Of The University Of MinnesotaHighly cross-linked polymeric supports
US59225378 Nov 199613 Jul 1999N.o slashed.AB Immunoassay, Inc.Nanoparticles biosensor
US593230928 Sep 19953 Aug 1999AlliedSignal Inc.Colored articles and compositions and methods for their fabrication
US593902123 Jan 199717 Aug 1999Homogeneous binding assay
US595266528 Nov 199714 Sep 1999Nanocrystals Technology L.P.Composite nanophosphor screen for detecting radiation
US598517318 Nov 199716 Nov 1999Phosphors having a semiconductor host surrounded by a shell
US598535330 Jul 199716 Nov 1999University of Massachusetts LowellBiomolecular synthesis of quantum dot composites
US599047925 Nov 199723 Nov 1999Regents of the University of CaliforniaOrgano Luminescent semiconductor nanocrystal probes for biological applications and process for making and using such probes
US600570721 Nov 199721 Dec 1999Lucent Technologies Inc.Optical devices comprising polymer-dispersed crystalline materials
US602354014 Mar 19978 Feb 2000Trustees of Tufts CollegeFiber optic sensor with encoded microspheres
US605449529 Sep 199825 Apr 2000The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the NavySynthesis of unagglomerated metal nano-particles at membrane interfaces
US610386818 Jun 199815 Aug 2000The Regents of the University of CaliforniaOrganically-functionalized monodisperse nanocrystals of metals
US61066098 Apr 199722 Aug 2000The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the NavyFormation of nanocrystalline semiconductor particles within a bicontinuous cubic phase
US611403811 Aug 19995 Sep 2000BioCrystal Ltd.Functionalized nanocrystals and their use in detection systems
US613958511 Mar 199831 Oct 2000Depuy Orthopaedics, Inc.Bioactive ceramic coating and method
US615704728 Aug 19985 Dec 2000Kabushiki Kaisha ToshibaLight emitting semiconductor device using nanocrystals
US61594454 Dec 199712 Dec 2000Nycomed Imaging ASLight imaging contrast agents
US61597424 Jun 199912 Dec 2000President and Fellows of Harvard CollegeNanometer-scale microscopy probes
US61654409 Jul 199826 Dec 2000Board of Regents, The University of Texas SystemRadiation and nanoparticles for enhancement of drug delivery in solid tumors
US61672975 May 199926 Dec 2000Detecting, localizing, and targeting internal sites in vivo using optical contrast agents
US617991220 Dec 199930 Jan 2001BioCrystal Ltd.Continuous flow process for production of semiconductor nanocrystals
US62072295 Aug 199927 Mar 2001Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyHighly luminescent color-selective materials and method of making thereof
US62073921 Mar 199927 Mar 2001The Regents of the University of CaliforniaSemiconductor nanocrystal probes for biological applications and process for making and using such probes
US622473925 Jan 19991 May 2001Studiengesellschaft Kohle mbHProcess for preparing solvent-stabilized metal colloids and substrate-immobilized metal clusters
US62251984 Feb 20001 May 2001The Regents of the University of CaliforniaProcess for forming shaped group II-VI semiconductor nanocrystals, and product formed using process
US625130318 Sep 199826 Jun 2001Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyWater-soluble fluorescent nanocrystals
US625225430 Nov 199826 Jun 2001General Electric CompanyLight emitting device with phosphor composition
US626212931 Jul 199817 Jul 2001International Business Machines CorporationMethod for producing nanoparticles of transition metals
US62743235 May 200014 Aug 2001Quantum Dot CorporationMethod of detecting an analyte in a sample using semiconductor nanocrystals as a detectable label
US629440117 Jun 199925 Sep 2001Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyNanoparticle-based electrical, chemical, and mechanical structures and methods of making same
US630661017 Sep 199923 Oct 2001Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyBiological applications of quantum dots
US63067364 Feb 200023 Oct 2001The Regents of the University of CaliforniaProcess for forming shaped group III-V semiconductor nanocrystals, and product formed using process
US630970124 May 200030 Oct 2001Bio-Pixels Ltd.Fluorescent nanocrystal-labeled microspheres for fluorescence analyses
US631290614 Jan 20006 Nov 2001Imperial College Innovations, Ltd.
Gene Logic, Inc.		Immobilized nucleic acid hybridization reagent and method
US631942617 Sep 199920 Nov 2001Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyWater-soluble fluorescent semiconductor nanocrystals
US632290113 Nov 199727 Nov 2001Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyHighly luminescent color-selective nano-crystalline materials
US632614424 Sep 19984 Dec 2001Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyBiological applications of quantum dots
US633711730 Jun 19998 Jan 2002Mitsubishi Chemical CorporationOptical memory device
US63554322 Jun 200012 Mar 2002Affymetrix lnc.Products for detecting nucleic acids
US636194425 Jun 199926 Mar 2002Nanosphere, Inc.Nanoparticles having oligonucleotides attached thereto and uses therefor
US63796359 Sep 199830 Apr 2002Imperial College of Science, Technology & MedicineProcess for preparing a nanocrystalline material
US64102555 May 199925 Jun 2002Aurora Biosciences CorporationOptical probes and assays
US641734020 Oct 20009 Jul 2002Nanosphere, Inc.Nanoparticles having oligonucleotides attached thereto and uses therefor
US64235518 Jul 199923 Jul 2002The Regents of the University of CaliforniaOrgano luminescent semiconductor nanocrystal probes for biological applications and process for making and using such probes
US642651318 Sep 199830 Jul 2002Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyWater-soluble thiol-capped nanocrystals
US644414329 May 20013 Sep 2002Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyWater-soluble fluorescent nanocrystals
US64441925 Feb 19993 Sep 2002The Regents of the University of CaliforniaDiagnostic imaging of lymph structures
US644769817 Sep 199910 Sep 2002Sony CorporationMethod for producing light-emitting substance
US650062222 Mar 200131 Dec 2002Quantum Dot CorporationMethods of using semiconductor nanocrystals in bead-based nucleic acid assays
US65010917 Oct 199831 Dec 2002Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Hewlett-Packard Company		Quantum dot white and colored light emitting diodes
US650656426 Jun 200014 Jan 2003Nanosphere, Inc.Nanoparticles having oligonucleotides attached thereto and uses therefor
US65309448 Feb 200111 Mar 2003Rice UniversityOptically-active nanoparticles for use in therapeutic and diagnostic methods
US65481688 Aug 200015 Apr 2003The University of MelbourneStabilized particles and methods of preparation and use thereof
US65481718 Aug 200015 Apr 2003Fluorescent nanocrystal-embedded microspheres for fluorescence analyses
US65762918 Dec 200010 Jun 2003Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyPreparation of nanocrystallites
US658292120 Sep 200124 Jun 2003Nanosphere, Inc.Nanoparticles having oligonucleotides attached thereto and uses thereof
US660267117 Sep 19995 Aug 2003Massachusetts Institute of TechnologySemiconductor nanocrystals for inventory control
US660782926 Jul 200019 Aug 2003Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyTellurium-containing nanocrystalline materials
US661049128 Sep 200126 Aug 2003Nanosphere, Inc.Nanoparticles having oligonucleotides attached thereto and uses therefor
US661758324 Sep 19989 Sep 2003Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventory control
US66333707 Mar 200114 Oct 2003Spectra Science CorporationQuantum dots, semiconductor nanocrystals and semiconductor particles used as fluorescent coding elements
US663675526 Sep 200121 Oct 2003Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.Method and apparatus for obtaining an optical tomographic image of a sentinel lymph node
US664572120 Sep 200111 Nov 2003Nanosphere, Inc.Nanoparticles having oligonucleotides attached thereto and uses therefor
US667354828 Sep 20016 Jan 2004Nanosphere, Inc.Nanoparticles having oligonucleotides attached thereto and uses therefor
US667712211 Oct 200113 Jan 2004Nanosphere, Inc.Nanoparticles having oligonucleotides attached thereto and uses therefor
US668289512 Oct 200127 Jan 2004Nanosphere, Inc.Nanoparticles having oligonucleotides attached thereto and uses therefor
US669629911 May 199924 Feb 2004Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyPolarization label for measuring 3-dimensional orientation
US669972324 May 20012 Mar 2004The Regents of the University of CaliforniaOrgano luminescent semiconductor nanocrystal probes for biological applications and process for making and using such probes
US670982510 Oct 200123 Mar 2004Nanosphere, Inc.Nanoparticles having oligonucleotides attached thereto and uses therefor
US672041110 Oct 200113 Apr 2004Nanosphere, Inc.Nanoparticles having oligonucleotides attached thereto and uses therefor
US672706512 Feb 200127 Apr 2004The Regents of the University of CaliforniaMethods of use of semiconductor nanocrystal probes for treating a material
US673026912 Oct 20014 May 2004Nanosphere, Inc.Nanoparticles having oligonucleotides attached thereto and uses therefor
US675001628 Mar 200115 Jun 2004Nanosphere, Inc.Nanoparticles having oligonucleotides attached thereto and uses therefor
US675919920 Sep 20016 Jul 2004Nanosphere, Inc.Nanoparticles having oligonucleotides attached thereto and uses therefor
US676770212 Jan 200127 Jul 2004Nanosphere, Inc.Nanoparticles having oligonucleotides attached thereto and uses therefor
US67738847 Aug 200110 Aug 2004Nanosphere, Inc.Nanoparticles having oligonucleotides attached thereto and uses therefor
US677436130 May 200210 Aug 2004Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventory control
US677718615 Oct 200117 Aug 2004Nanosphere, Inc.Nanoparticles having oligonucleotides attached thereto and uses therefor
US679741211 Apr 200028 Sep 2004University of ConnecticutFull color display structures using pseudomorphic cladded quantum dot nanophosphor thin films
US68037199 Jul 199912 Oct 2004Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyQuantum dot white and colored light-emitting devices
US680454925 Apr 200112 Oct 2004Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.Sentinel lymph node detection method and system therefor
US681233412 Oct 20012 Nov 2004Nanosphere, Inc.Nanoparticles having oligonucleotides attached thereto and uses therefor
US681506417 Jul 20029 Nov 2004Quantum Dot CorporationLuminescent nanoparticles and methods for their preparation
US681875312 Oct 200116 Nov 2004Nanosphere, Inc.Nanoparticles having oligonucleotides attached thereto and uses therefor
US681969214 Mar 200116 Nov 2004Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Regents of the University of California		Optical amplifiers and lasers
US68213376 Jun 200323 Nov 2004Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyPreparation of nanocrystallites
US682843211 Oct 20017 Dec 2004Nanosphere, Inc.Nanoparticles having oligonucleotides attached thereto and uses therefor
US684656528 Mar 200225 Jan 2005Board of Regents, The University of Texas SystemLight-emitting nanoparticles and method of making same
US685555112 Apr 200115 Feb 2005Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyBiological applications of quantum dots
US685815824 Jan 200322 Feb 2005Konarka Technologies, Inc.Low temperature interconnection of nanoparticles
US686115519 Aug 20031 Mar 2005Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyHighly luminescent color selective nanocrystalline materials
US686122111 Oct 20011 Mar 2005Nanosphere, Inc.Nanoparticles having oligonucleotides attached thereto and uses therefor
US68646262 Jun 19998 Mar 2005The Regents of the University of CaliforniaElectronic displays using optically pumped luminescent semiconductor nanocrystals
US68722494 Oct 200129 Mar 2005The Board of Trustees of the University of ArkansasSynthesis of colloidal nanocrystals
US687881410 Oct 200112 Apr 2005Nanosphere, Inc.Nanoparticles having oligonucleotides attached thereto and uses therefor
US689077726 Dec 200210 May 2005Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Hewlett-Packard Company		Quantum dot white and colored light emitting diodes
US690289512 Oct 20017 Jun 2005Nanosphere, Inc.Nanoparticles having oligonucleotides attached thereto and uses therefor
US690320712 Oct 20017 Jun 2005Nanosphere, Inc.Nanoparticles having oligonucleotides attached thereto and uses therefor
US691426526 Dec 20025 Jul 2005Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Lumileds Lighting U.S., LLC		Quantum dot white and colored light emitting diodes
US692149620 Mar 200126 Jul 2005Massachusetts Institute of Technology
The United States of Americas as represented by the Secretary of the Navy		Inorganic particle conjugates
US692706924 May 20029 Aug 2005The Regents of the University of CaliforniaOrgano luminescent semiconductor nanocrystal probes for biological applications and process for making and using such probes
US694797916 Aug 200020 Sep 2005Entrust, Inc.Controlling use of a network resource
US69627869 Apr 20038 Nov 2005Nanosphere, Inc.Nanoparticles having oligonucleotides attached thereto and uses therefor
US696976112 Oct 200129 Nov 2005Nanosphere, Inc.Nanoparticles having oligonucleotides attached thereto and uses therefor
US69844917 Dec 200110 Jan 2006Nanosphere, Inc.Nanoparticles having oligonucleotides attached thereto and uses therefor
US698698912 Oct 200117 Jan 2006Nanosphere, Inc.Nanoparticles having oligonucleotides attached thereto and uses therefor
US704914819 Dec 200323 May 2006Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyMethod for measuring 3-dimensional orientation of a photoactive moiety
US70602439 Jun 200313 Jun 2006Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyTellurium-containing nanocrystalline materials
US709832011 Oct 200129 Aug 2006Nanosphere, Inc.Nanoparticles having oligonucleotides attached thereto and uses therefor
US710171812 Aug 20045 Sep 2006The Regents of the University of CaliforniaOrgano luminescent semiconductor nanocrystal probes for biological applications and process for making and using such probes
US712560512 Oct 200424 Oct 2006Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyHighly luminescent color-selective nanocrystalline materials
US71380988 Oct 200421 Nov 2006Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyPreparation of nanocrystallites
US716061315 Aug 20039 Jan 2007Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyStabilized semiconductor nanocrystals
US71695568 Oct 200230 Jan 2007Nanosphere, Inc.Nanoparticles having oligonucleotides attached thereto and uses therefor
US71812666 Feb 200420 Feb 2007Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Beth Isreal Deaconess Medical Center, Inc.		Materials and methods for near-infrared and infrared lymph node mapping
US71894171 May 200313 Mar 2007The Trustees of the University of PennsylvaniaNanometer-sized carrier medium
US720858713 Aug 200324 Apr 2007Nanosphere, Inc.Nanoparticles having oligonucleotides attached thereto and uses therefor
US72353613 Nov 200426 Jun 2007Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyBiological applications of quantum dots
US725049918 Nov 200331 Jul 2007Nanosphere Inc.Nanoparticles having oligonucleotides attached thereto and uses therefor
US725925210 Oct 200121 Aug 2007Nanosphere, Inc.Nanoparticles having oligonucleotides attached thereto and uses therefor
US73147647 Mar 20061 Jan 2008The Regents of the University of CaliforniaOrgano luminescent semiconductor nanocrystal probes for biological applications and process for making and using such probes
US2001002307812 Apr 2001Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyBiological applications of quantum dots
US2001004023229 May 2001Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyWater-soluble fluorescent nanocrystals
US200200664014 Oct 2001Synthesis of colloidal nanocrystals
US200200719528 Dec 2000Preparation of nanocrystallites
US2002007223412 Feb 2001Semiconductor nanocrystal probes for biological applications and process for making and using such probes
US2002014671412 Sep 2001Direct haplotyping using carbon nanotube probes
US2003001726417 Jul 2002Luminescent nanoparticles and methods for their preparation
US200300428503 Sep 2002Electroluminescent device comprising quantum dots
US2003009996824 May 2002Semiconductor nanocrystal probes for biological applications and process for making and using such probes
US2003010013024 May 2002Organo luminescent semiconductor nanocrystal probes for biological applications and process for making and using such probes
US2003011370930 Oct 2002Semiconductor nanocrystal-based cellular imaging
US200302091056 Jun 2003Massachusetts Institute of Technology, a Massachusetts corporationPreparation of nanocrystallites
US200400360856 Aug 2003Hitachi Software Engineering Co., Ltd.Functional fluorescence reagent comprising semiconductor nanoparticles
US200401049731 Jul 2003FLUID INJECTION HEAD STRUCTURE
US2004026562224 Jun 2003Eastman Kodak CompanyLight emitting display
US200500209226 Feb 2004Materials and methods for near-infrared and infrared intravascular imaging
US200500209236 Feb 2004Materials and methods for near-infrared and infrared lymph node mapping
US2005003849829 Jul 2004Nanosys, Inc.Medical device applications of nanostructured surfaces
US2005011369723 Nov 2004Method of imaging lymphatic system using nanocapsule compositions
US200501186313 Nov 2004Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyBiological applications of quantum dots
US2005017554023 Jan 2004High contrast optoacoustical imaging using nonoparticles
US2005022071421 Mar 2005Agents for use in magnetic resonance and optical imaging

Claims

1. A semiconductor nanocrystal composition, comprising:

a) a core comprising a first semiconductor material;

b) a core-overcoating shell comprising a second semiconductor material, wherein the core and the core-overcoating shell form a core/shell nanocrystal; and

c) an encapsulating net surrounding the core/shell nanocrystal.

2. The semiconductor nanocrystal composition of claim 1, wherein said semiconductor nanocrystal composition is water-soluble.

3. The semiconductor nanocrystal composition of claim 1, wherein said semiconductor nanocrystal composition has a narrow emission wavelength band.

4. The semiconductor nanocrystal composition of claim 3, wherein said narrow emission wavelength band does not exceed 40 nm in width when measured at full width half maximum.

5. The semiconductor nanocrystal composition of claim 3, wherein said narrow emission wavelength band does not exceed about 20 nm in width when measured at full width half maximum.

6. The semiconductor nanocrystal composition of claim 1, wherein said encapsulating net comprises one or more linking agents capable of linking said core/shell nanocrystal to one or more affinity molecules.

7. The semiconductor nanocrystal composition of claim 6, wherein said one or more linking agents are polymerizable.

8. The semiconductor nanocrystal composition of claim 6, wherein said one or more linking agents comprise a thiol moiety.

9. The semiconductor nanocrystal composition of claim 6, wherein said one or more linking agents comprise an alkyl group.

10. The semiconductor nanocrystal composition of claim 1, wherein said core has a diameter from about 20 Å to about 100 Å.

11. The semiconductor nanocrystal composition of claim 1, wherein said core-overcoating shell is 1-10 monolayers thick.

12. The semiconductor nanocrystal composition of claim 1, wherein said core-overcoating shell epitaxially surrounds said core.

13. The semiconductor nanocrystal composition of claim 1, wherein said core/shell nanocrystal has an average cross-section that is no larger than about 20 nm.

14. The semiconductor nanocrystal composition of claim 1, wherein said core/shell nanocrystal has an average cross-section of about 1 nm to about 10 nm.

15. The semiconductor nanocrystal composition of claim 1, wherein said first semiconductor material comprises a Group II-VI semiconductor.

16. The semiconductor nanocrystal composition of claim 1, wherein said first semiconductor material comprises a Group III-V semiconductor.

17. The semiconductor nanocrystal composition of claim 1, wherein said first semiconductor material comprises MgS, MgSe, MgTe, CaS, CaSe, CaTe, SrS, SrSe, SrTe, BaS, BaSe, BaTe, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, CdS, CdSe, CdTe, HgS, HgSe, or HgTe.

18. The semiconductor nanocrystal composition of claim 1, wherein said first semiconductor material comprises GaAs, InGaAs, InP, or InAs.

19. The semiconductor nanocrystal composition of claim 1, wherein said second semiconductor material comprises a Group II-VI semiconductor.

20. The semiconductor nanocrystal composition of claim 1, wherein said second semiconductor material comprises a Group III-V semiconductor.

21. The semiconductor nanocrystal composition of claim 1, wherein said second semiconductor material comprises MgS, MgSe, MgTe, CaS, CaSe, CaTe, SrS, SrSe, SrTe, BaS, BaSe, BaTe, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, CdS, CdSe, CdTe, HgS, HgSe, or HgTe.

22. The semiconductor nanocrystal composition of claim 1, wherein said second semiconductor material comprises GaAs, InGaAs, InP, or InAs.

23. The semiconductor nanocrystal composition of claim 1, wherein said first semiconductor material comprises CdSe and the second semiconductor material comprises ZnS.

24. A semiconductor nanocrystals composition, comprising:

a) a core comprising a first semiconductor material;

b) a core-overcoating shell comprising a second semiconductor material, wherein the core and the core-overcoating shell form a core/shell nanocrystal; and,

c) an encapsulating net surrounding the core/shell nanocrystal;

wherein the core has an average cross-section no larger than 20 nanometers.

25. The semiconductor nanocrystal composition of claim 24, wherein said core has an average cross-section no larger than 10 nanometers.

26. The semiconductor nanocrystal composition of claim 24, wherein said nanocrystal core has an average cross-section in a range of from 1 nanometer to 10 nanometers.

27. The semiconductor nanocrystal composition of claim 24, wherein said encapsulating net comprises one or more linking agents capable of linking said core/shell nanocrystal to one or more affinity molecules.

28. The semiconductor nanocrystal composition of claim 27, wherein said one or more linking agents are polymerizable.

29. The semiconductor nanocrystal composition of claim 27, wherein said one or more linking agents comprise a thiol moiety.

30. The semiconductor nanocrystal composition of claim 27, wherein said one or more linking agents comprise an alkyl group.

31. The semiconductor nanocrystal composition of claim 24, wherein said first semiconductor material comprises a Group II-VI semiconductor.

32. The semiconductor nanocrystal composition of claim 24, wherein said first semiconductor material comprises a Group III-V semiconductor.

33. The semiconductor nanocrystal composition of claim 24, wherein said first semiconductor material comprises MgS, MgSe, MgTe, CaS, CaSe, CaTe, SrS, SrSe, SrTe, BaS, BaSe, BaTe, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, CdS, CdSe, CdTe, HgS, HgSe, or HgTe.

34. The semiconductor nanocrystal composition of claim 24, wherein said first semiconductor material comprises GaAs, InGaAs, InP, or InAs.

35. The semiconductor nanocrystal composition of claim 24, wherein said second semiconductor material comprises a Group II-VI semiconductor.

36. The semiconductor nanocrystal composition of claim 24, wherein said second semiconductor material comprises a Group III-V semiconductor.

37. The semiconductor nanocrystal composition of claim 24, wherein said second semiconductor material comprises MgS, MgSe, MgTe, CaS, CaSe, CaTe, SrS, SrSe, SrTe, BaS, BaSe, BaTe, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, CdS, CdSe, CdTe, HgS, HgSe, or HgTe.

38. The semiconductor nanocrystal composition of claim 24, wherein said second semiconductor material comprises GaAs, InGaAs, InP, or InAs.

39. The semiconductor nanocrystal composition of claim 24, wherein said first semiconductor material comprises CdSe and the second semiconductor material comprises ZnS.

Drawings