US7710632B2 - Display device having an array of spatial light modulators with integrated color filters - Google Patents
Display device having an array of spatial light modulators with integrated color filters Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US7710632B2 US7710632B2 US11/051,258 US5125805A US7710632B2 US 7710632 B2 US7710632 B2 US 7710632B2 US 5125805 A US5125805 A US 5125805A US 7710632 B2 US7710632 B2 US 7710632B2
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- display elements
- color filter
- wavelengths
- visible light
- modulator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related, expires
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
- G02B26/001—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements based on interference in an adjustable optical cavity
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/015—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on semiconductor elements with at least one potential jump barrier, e.g. PN, PIN junction
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/03—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on ceramics or electro-optical crystals, e.g. exhibiting Pockels effect or Kerr effect
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Definitions
- the field of the invention relates to microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), and, more particularly to interferometric modulators.
- Microelectromechanical systems include micro mechanical elements, actuators, and electronics. Micromechanical elements may be created using deposition, etching, and or other micromachining processes that etch away parts of substrates and/or deposited material layers or that add layers to form electrical and electromechanical devices.
- An interferometric modulator may comprise a pair of conductive plates, one or both of which may be transparent and/or reflective in whole or part and capable of relative motion upon application of an appropriate electrical signal.
- One plate may comprise a stationary layer deposited on a substrate, the other plate may comprise a metallic membrane separated from the stationary layer by an air gap.
- Such devices have a wide range of applications, and it would be beneficial in the art to utilize and/or modify the characteristics of these types of devices so that their features can be exploited in improving existing products and creating new products that have not yet been developed.
- Certain embodiments of the invention provide a display device comprising an array of spatial light modulators. Each spatial light modulator is individually addressable so as to be switched between a first state in which the modulator is substantially reflective to at least one wavelength of light and a second state in which the modulator is substantially non-reflective to the at least one wavelength of light.
- the display device further comprises an array of color filters. Each color filter is positioned such that light reflected from a corresponding spatial light modulator propagates through the color filter. Each color filter substantially transmits the at least one wavelength of a corresponding spatial light modulator.
- the spatial light modulator comprises an interferometric modulator which comprises a fixed surface and a movable surface substantially parallel to the fixed surface.
- the movable surface In the first state, the movable surface is spaced a first distance from the fixed surface in a direction substantially perpendicular to the fixed surface.
- the moveable surface In the second state, the moveable surface is spaced a second distance, different from the first distance, from the fixed surface in a direction substantially perpendicular to the fixed surface.
- either the first distance or the second distance is approximately zero.
- the first distance for each of the spatial light modulators is approximately the same.
- the second distance for each of the spatial light modulators is approximately the same.
- the array of spatial light modulators comprises two or more subsets of spatial light modulators, with the modulators of each subset each having the same first distance and the same second distance.
- the at least one wavelength of a spatial light modulator comprises a broadband wavelength region (e.g., white light). In certain embodiments, the at least one wavelength of a spatial light modulator comprises a narrowband wavelength region comprising two or more colors. In certain embodiments, the at least one wavelength of a spatial light modulator comprises a single color of light (e.g., red, green, or blue light). In certain embodiments, the at least one wavelength comprises first-order light, while in other embodiments, the at least one wavelength comprises second-, third-, fourth-, or fifth-order light.
- interferometric modulators e.g., other types of MEMS or non-MEMs, reflective or non-reflective structures
- other types of light-modulating elements e.g., other types of MEMS or non-MEMs, reflective or non-reflective structures
- FIG. 1 is an isometric view depicting a portion of one embodiment of an interferometric modulator display in which a movable reflective layer of a first interferometric modulator is in a released position and a movable reflective layer of a second interferometric modulator is in an actuated position.
- FIG. 2 is a system block diagram illustrating one embodiment of an electronic device incorporating a 3 ⁇ 3 interferometric modulator display.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram of movable mirror position versus applied voltage for one exemplary embodiment of an interferometric modulator of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 4 is an illustration of a set of row and column voltages that may be used to drive an interferometric modulator display.
- FIGS. 5A and 5B illustrate one exemplary timing diagram for row and column signals that may be used to write a frame of display data to the 3 ⁇ 3 interferometric modulator display of FIG. 2 .
- FIG. 6A is a cross section of the device of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 6B is a cross section of an alternative embodiment of an interferometric modulator.
- FIG. 6C is a cross section of another alternative embodiment of an interferometric modulator.
- FIG. 7 schematically illustrates an interferometric modulator array having three sets of modulator elements, each set having a corresponding gap distance.
- FIG. 8 schematically illustrates one embodiment of an interferometric modulator array in which substantially all of the modulator elements have substantially equal gap distances.
- FIG. 9 is a graph of an exemplary reflectance spectrum from an interferometric modulator element having a gap distance d 0 approximately equal to one micron.
- FIGS. 10A-10D are graphs of various reflectance spectra from interferometric modulator elements compatible with embodiments described herein.
- FIGS. 11A and 11B schematically illustrate exemplary embodiments of a display device comprising an array of interferometric modulator elements and an array of color filters.
- FIG. 12 is a graph of transmittance spectra for a set of three exemplary color filter materials compatible with embodiments described herein.
- FIGS. 13A-13D are graphs of the resultant reflectance spectra resulting from the combination of a color filter with the interferometric modulator elements corresponding to FIGS. 10A-10D .
- FIG. 14 schematically illustrates an interferometric modulator element having a dielectric layer compatible with embodiments described herein.
- FIG. 15 schematically illustrates another embodiment of a display device with an array of interferometric modulator elements compatible with embodiments described herein.
- each modulator element in an array are manufactured by the same process so that each modulator element has a reflectance spectrum that includes multiple reflectivity lines.
- Color filters corresponding to multiple colors, such as red, green, and blue, for example, may be selectively associated with these modulator elements in order to filter out a desired wavelength range for each modulator element and provide a multiple color array. Because the modulator elements are manufactured by the same process, each of the modulator elements is substantially the same and common voltage levels may be used to activate and deactivate selected modulation.
- the following detailed description is directed to certain specific embodiments of the invention. However, the invention can be embodied in a multitude of different ways. In this description, reference is made to the drawings wherein like parts are designated with like numerals throughout. As will be apparent from the following description, the invention may be implemented in any device that is configured to display an image, whether in motion (e.g., video) or stationary (e.g., still image), and whether textual or pictorial.
- motion e.g., video
- stationary e.g., still image
- the invention may be implemented in or associated with a variety of electronic devices such as, but not limited to, mobile telephones, wireless devices, personal data assistants (PDAs), hand-held or portable computers, GPS receivers/navigators, cameras, MP3 players, camcorders, game consoles, wrist watches, clocks, calculators, television monitors, flat panel displays, computer monitors, auto displays (e.g., odometer display, etc.), cockpit controls and/or displays, display of camera views (e.g., display of a rear view camera in a vehicle), electronic photographs, electronic billboards or signs, projectors, architectural structures, packaging, and aesthetic structures (e.g., display of images on a piece of jewelry).
- MEMS devices of similar structure to those described herein can also be used in non-display applications such as in electronic switching devices.
- FIG. 1 One interferometric modulator display embodiment comprising an interferometric MEMS display element is illustrated in FIG. 1 .
- the pixels are in either a bright or dark state.
- the display element In the bright (“on” or “open”) state, the display element reflects a large portion of incident visible light to a user.
- the dark (“off” or “closed”) state When in the dark (“off” or “closed”) state, the display element reflects little incident visible light to the user.
- the light reflectance properties of the “on” and “off” states may be reversed.
- MEMS pixels can be configured to reflect predominantly at selected colors, allowing for a color display in addition to black and white.
- FIG. 1 is an isometric view depicting two adjacent pixels in a series of pixels of a visual display, wherein each pixel comprises a MEMS interferometric modulator.
- an interferometric modulator display comprises a row/column array of these interferometric modulators.
- Each interferometric modulator includes a pair of reflective layers positioned at a variable and controllable distance from each other to form a resonant optical cavity with at least one variable dimension.
- one of the reflective layers may be moved between two positions. In the first position, referred to herein as the released state, the movable layer is positioned at a relatively large distance from a fixed partially reflective layer.
- the movable layer In the second position, the movable layer is positioned more closely adjacent to the partially reflective layer. Incident light that reflects from the two layers interferes constructively or destructively depending on the position of the movable reflective layer, producing either an overall reflective or non-reflective state for each pixel.
- the depicted portion of the pixel array in FIG. 1 includes two adjacent interferometric modulators 12 a and 12 b.
- a movable and highly reflective layer 14 a is illustrated in a released position at a predetermined distance from a fixed partially reflective layer 16 a.
- the movable highly reflective layer 14 b is illustrated in an actuated position adjacent to the fixed partially reflective layer 16 b.
- the fixed layers 16 a, 16 b are electrically conductive, partially transparent and partially reflective, and may be fabricated, for example, by depositing one or more layers each of chromium and indium-tin-oxide onto a transparent substrate 20 .
- the layers are patterned into parallel strips, and may form row electrodes in a display device as described further below.
- the movable layers 14 a , 14 b may be formed as a series of parallel strips of a deposited metal layer or layers (orthogonal to the row electrodes 16 a, 16 b ) deposited on top of posts 18 and an intervening sacrificial material deposited between the posts 18 .
- the deformable metal layers are separated from the fixed metal layers by a defined air gap 19 .
- a highly conductive and reflective material such as aluminum may be used for the deformable layers, and these strips may form column electrodes in a display device.
- the cavity 19 remains between the layers 14 a , 16 a and the deformable layer is in a mechanically relaxed state as illustrated by the pixel 12 a in FIG. 1 .
- the capacitor formed at the intersection of the row and column electrodes at the corresponding pixel becomes charged, and electrostatic forces pull the electrodes together.
- the movable layer is deformed and is forced against the fixed layer (a dielectric material which is not illustrated in this Figure may be deposited on the fixed layer to prevent shorting and control the separation distance) as illustrated by the pixel 12 b on the right in FIG. 1 .
- the behavior is the same regardless of the polarity of the applied potential difference. In this way, row/column actuation that can control the reflective vs. non-reflective pixel states is analogous in many ways to that used in conventional LCD and other display technologies.
- FIGS. 2 through 5 illustrate one exemplary process and system for using an array of interferometric modulators in a display application.
- FIG. 2 is a system block diagram illustrating one embodiment of an electronic device that may incorporate aspects of the invention.
- the electronic device includes a processor 21 which may be any general purpose single- or multi-chip microprocessor such as an ARM, Pentium®, Pentium II®, Pentium III®, Pentium IV®, Pentium® Pro, an 8051, a MIPS®, a Power PC®, an ALPHA®, or any special purpose microprocessor such as a digital signal processor, microcontroller, or a programmable gate array.
- the processor 21 may be configured to execute one or more software modules.
- the processor may be configured to execute one or more software applications, including a web browser, a telephone application, an email program, or any other software application.
- the processor 21 is also configured to communicate with an array controller 22 .
- the array controller 22 includes a row driver circuit 24 and a column driver circuit 26 that provide signals to a pixel array 30 .
- the cross section of the array illustrated in FIG. 1 is shown by the lines 1 - 1 in FIG. 2 .
- the row/column actuation protocol may take advantage of a hysteresis property of these devices illustrated in FIG. 3 . It may require, for example, a 10 volt potential difference to cause a movable layer to deform from the released state to the actuated state. However, when the voltage is reduced from that value, the movable layer maintains its state as the voltage drops back below 10 volts.
- the movable layer does not release completely until the voltage drops below 2 volts.
- There is thus a range of voltage, about 3 to 7 V in the example illustrated in FIG. 3 where there exists a window of applied voltage within which the device is stable in either the released or actuated state. This is referred to herein as the “hysteresis window” or “stability window.”
- hysteresis window or “stability window.”
- the row/column actuation protocol can be designed such that during row strobing, pixels in the strobed row that are to be actuated are exposed to a voltage difference of about 10 volts, and pixels that are to be released are exposed to a voltage difference of close to zero volts. After the strobe, the pixels are exposed to a steady state voltage difference of about 5 volts such that they remain in whatever state the row strobe put them in. After being written, each pixel sees a potential difference within the “stability window” of 3-7 volts in this example. This feature makes the pixel design illustrated in FIG. 1 stable under the same applied voltage conditions in either an actuated or released pre-existing state.
- each pixel of the interferometric modulator is essentially a capacitor formed by the fixed and moving reflective layers, this stable state can be held at a voltage within the hysteresis window with almost no power dissipation. Essentially no current flows into the pixel if the applied potential is fixed.
- a display frame may be created by asserting the set of column electrodes in accordance with the desired set of actuated pixels in the first row.
- a row pulse is then applied to the row 1 electrode, actuating the pixels corresponding to the asserted column lines.
- the asserted set of column electrodes is then changed to correspond to the desired set of actuated pixels in the second row.
- a pulse is then applied to the row 2 electrode, actuating the appropriate pixels in row 2 in accordance with the asserted column electrodes.
- the row 1 pixels are unaffected by the row 2 pulse, and remain in the state they were set to during the row 1 pulse. This may be repeated for the entire series of rows in a sequential fashion to produce the frame.
- the frames are refreshed and/or updated with new display data by continually repeating this process at some desired number of frames per second.
- protocols for driving row and column electrodes of pixel arrays to produce display frames are also well known and may be used in conjunction with the present invention.
- FIGS. 4 and 5 illustrate one possible actuation protocol for creating a display frame on the 3 ⁇ 3 array of FIG. 2 .
- FIG. 4 illustrates a possible set of column and row voltage levels that may be used for pixels exhibiting the hysteresis curves of FIG. 3 .
- actuating a pixel involves setting the appropriate column to ⁇ V bias , and the appropriate row to +? V, which may correspond to ⁇ 5 volts and +5 volts respectively Releasing the pixel is accomplished by setting the appropriate column to +V bias , and the appropriate row to the same +? V, producing a zero volt potential difference across the pixel. In those rows where the row voltage is held at zero volts, the pixels are stable in whatever state they were originally in, regardless of whether the column is at +V bias , or ⁇ V bias .
- FIG. 5B is a timing diagram showing a series of row and column signals applied to the 3 ⁇ 3 array of FIG. 2 which will result in the display arrangement illustrated in FIG. 5A , where actuated pixels are non-reflective.
- the pixels Prior to writing the frame illustrated in FIG. 5A , the pixels can be in any state, and in this example, all the rows are at 0 volts, and all the columns are at +5 volts. With these applied voltages, all pixels are stable in their existing actuated or released states.
- pixels ( 1 , 1 ), ( 1 , 2 ), ( 2 , 2 ), ( 3 , 2 ) and ( 3 , 3 ) are actuated.
- columns 1 and 2 are set to ⁇ 5 volts
- column 3 is set to +5 volts. This does not change the state of any pixels, because all the pixels remain in the 3-7 volt stability window.
- Row 1 is then strobed with a pulse that goes from 0, up to 5 volts, and back to zero. This actuates the ( 1 , 1 ) and ( 1 , 2 ) pixels and releases the ( 1 , 3 ) pixel. No other pixels in the array are affected.
- row 2 is set to ⁇ 5 volts, and columns 1 and 3 are set to +5 volts.
- the same strobe applied to row 2 will then actuate pixel ( 2 , 2 ) and release pixels ( 2 , 1 ) and ( 2 , 3 ). Again, no other pixels of the array are affected.
- Row 3 is similarly set by setting columns 2 and 3 to ⁇ 5 volts, and column 1 to +5 volts.
- the row 3 strobe sets the row 3 pixels as shown in FIG. 5A . After writing the frame, the row potentials are zero, and the column potentials can remain at either +5 or ⁇ 5 volts, and the display is then stable in the arrangement of FIG. 5A .
- FIGS. 6A-6C illustrate three different embodiments of the moving mirror structure.
- FIG. 6A is a cross section of the embodiment of FIG. 1 , where a strip of metal material 14 is deposited on orthogonally extending supports 18 .
- the moveable reflective material 14 is attached to supports at the corners only, on tethers 32 .
- the moveable reflective material 14 is suspended from a deformable layer 34 .
- This embodiment has benefits because the structural design and materials used for the reflective material 14 can be optimized with respect to the optical properties, and the structural design and materials used for the deformable layer 34 can be optimized with respect to desired mechanical properties.
- Exemplary spatial light modulator arrays provide the capability to individually address and switch selected modulator elements between at least two states with different reflection and transmission properties.
- each spatial light modulator of the array can be optimized to switch at least one corresponding wavelength from a reflective “on” state to a non-reflective “off” state.
- the modulators of such an array can be used in pixels of an electronic display device, either black-and-white or color.
- an interferometric modulator comprises a fixed surface and a movable surface substantially parallel to the fixed surface.
- the movable surface In the reflective “on” state, the movable surface is spaced a first distance from the fixed surface in a direction substantially perpendicular to the fixed surface.
- the moveable surface In the non-reflective “off” state, the moveable surface is spaced a second distance, different from the first distance, from the fixed surface in a direction substantially perpendicular to the fixed surface.
- the reflective “on” state of a black-and-white display reflects a plurality of wavelengths which sum to produce visible white light, and the “off” state is substantially non-reflective for the plurality of wavelengths.
- the reflective “on” state for each modulator is reflective of one or more wavelengths corresponding to a particular corresponding color (e.g., red, green, and blue).
- the color reflected by a modulator element in the actuated state is mainly determined by the optical path length of the dielectric layer, which is approximately the thickness of the dielectric layer times the index of refraction of the dielectric material.
- the thickness required for both the dielectric layer and the air gap to obtain the desired colors depends on the materials used in the fixed and movable layers.
- the thicknesses of the dielectric layer and air gap discussed herein with respect to certain embodiments are exemplary. These thicknesses may vary depending on particular materials chosen for the dielectric and other characteristics of the particular modulator elements. Accordingly, when different dielectric materials are used in modulator elements, the optical path distance may change and the colors reflected by the modulator elements may also change.
- the fixed layer of a modulator element comprises an Indium Tin Oxide transparent conductor layer, a Cr partially reflective layer, an Al reflective layer, and a dielectric stack comprising primarily SiO2.
- an interferometric modulator array 110 for use in a color display comprises a plurality of modulator elements, where each modulator element comprises a fixed surface 112 and a movable surface 114 . Between the fixed surface 112 and the movable surface 114 a gap is defined, wherein a gap distance is the distance between the fixed surface 112 and the movable surface 114 .
- the interferometric modulator array 110 further comprises a planarization layer 116 which provides a planar surface for subsequent processing of the interferometric modulator array 110 .
- the modulator array comprises three modulator element 120 , 122 , 124 .
- Each of these modulator elements 120 , 122 , 124 may be configured to reflect a different color so that the combination of the three modulator elements 120 , 122 , 124 provides three colors.
- the modulator element 120 may be configured to reflect only a first color
- the modulator element 122 may be configured to reflect only a second color
- the modulator element 124 may be configured to reflect only a third color.
- the first, second, and third colors are red, green, and blue, while in other embodiments, the first, second, and third colors are cyan, magenta, and yellow.
- the first gap distance d 1 is set so that the first modulator element 120 is substantially reflective to a first color (e.g., red), and non-reflective to a second and third color.
- the distance between the movable surface 114 and the fixed surface 112 is selectively switched between a second gap distance d 2 and approximately zero.
- the second gap distance d 2 is set so that the second modulator element 122 is substantially reflective to a second color (e.g., green), and non-reflective to a first and third color.
- the distance between the movable surface 114 and the fixed surface 112 is selectively switched between a third gap distance d 3 and approximately zero.
- the third gap distance d 3 is set so that the third modulator element 124 is substantially reflective to a third color (e.g., blue), and non-reflective to a first and second color.
- fabrication of a multi-color modulator array typically involves use of three masks to pattern the sacrificial layers to produce the three different gap distances (corresponding to the three colors, e.g., red, green, and blue) between the fixed surface 112 and the movable surface 114 of the three modulator elements 120 , 122 , 124 .
- building the mechanical structure of the modulator elements with an uneven back structure increases the chances of misalignment and tilt of the modulator elements.
- production of a deeply saturated color gamut i.e., the set of possible colors within a color system
- a modulator element having a gap distance set to reflect red wavelengths of light may be fabricated using additional masking steps that increase the depth of color reflected by the modulator element.
- the fabrication process includes production of a multi-color array of modulator elements with different gap distances and requires additional steps to enhance the color gamut of the array.
- FIG. 8 schematically illustrates one embodiment of an interferometric modulator array 1100 in which substantially all of the modulator elements 1110 have substantially the same gap distance d 0 .
- the gap distance d 0 is selected to provide substantial reflectance by the modulator element 1110 to a selected range of wavelengths in the visible light portion of the spectrum. For example, in certain embodiments, the gap distance d 0 is approximately equal to one micron. The gap distance d 0 has been selected so as to produce a reflectance spectrum that includes multiple peaks.
- FIG. 9 is a graph of an exemplary reflectance spectrum from a modulator element 1110 having a gap distance d 0 approximately equal to one micron.
- the amount of light reflected from the modulator element 1110 is approximately 20-25% of the incoming light.
- the horizontal axis indicates the wavelengths of light that are reflected from the exemplary modulator element 1110 and the vertical axis indicates the percent reflectance from the exemplary modulator element 1110 .
- the reflectance spectrum of the modulator element 1110 includes three reflectivity peaks at about 430 nanometer, 525 nanometers, and 685 nanometers.
- the modulator element 1110 is said to have a reflectance spectrum including three reflectivity lines, or simply “lines,” where a line is a peak in reflectivity.
- the reflectance spectrum illustrated in FIG. 9 includes a first line 910 , a second line 920 , and a third line 930 .
- the gap between the fixed and moveable surface of the modulator element 1110 may be adjusted to produce more or less reflectivity lines.
- the selected range of wavelengths comprises a range of colors, thus producing multiple reflectivity lines associated with the range of colors.
- the selected range of wavelengths comprises two or more colors so that the reflectivity spectrum of the modulator element includes at least one reflectivity line associated with each of the two or more colors.
- the selected range of wavelengths comprises a selected color of light (e.g., red, green, or blue light).
- the at least one wavelength comprises first-order light, while in other embodiments, the at least one wavelength comprises higher-order (e.g., second-, third-, fourth-, or fifth-order) light.
- the higher order colors e.g., 6 th order, 3-6 reflectance peaks can appear in the visible spectra simultaneously.
- FIGS. 10A-10D are graphs of exemplary reflectance spectrums from modulator elements having varying gaps between their respective reflective and semi-reflective surfaces.
- the reflectance spectrum of the modulator element may be adjusted to include more than one line and the peak reflectivity wavelength of the one or more lines may also be adjusted.
- the dashed lines in FIGS. 10A-10D denote a selected range of wavelengths that may be filtered by a color filter, for example.
- the selected range of wavelengths comprises a generally broadband wavelength region (e.g., white light), as schematically illustrated by FIG. 10A .
- the selected range of wavelengths comprises a broadband wavelength region with a single line peaked at a selected wavelength (e.g., first-order red or first-order green), as schematically illustrated by FIG. 10B .
- the selected range of wavelengths comprises a broadband wavelength region comprising a plurality of lines corresponding to different colors, as schematically illustrated by FIG. 10C .
- the selected range of wavelengths comprises a wavelength region with a plurality of lines corresponding to colors of various orders, as schematically illustrated by FIG. 10D .
- Other selected ranges of wavelengths are compatible with embodiments described herein.
- FIGS. 11A and 11B schematically illustrate exemplary embodiments of a display device 1200 comprising an array of interferometric modulator elements 1210 and an array of color filters 1220 .
- FIG. 11A illustrates three modulator elements 1210 A, 1210 B, and 1210 C and three color filters 1220 A, 1220 B, and 1220 C.
- each modulator element 1210 is individually addressable so as to be switched between a first state in which the modulator element 1210 is substantially reflective to at least one wavelength and a second state in which the modulator element 1210 is substantially non-reflective to the at least one wavelength.
- each of the modulator elements 1210 has the same gap distance d 0 such that each modulator element 1210 switches the same at least one wavelength as do the other modulator elements 1210 .
- Each color filter 1220 is positioned such that light reflected from a corresponding modulator element 1210 propagates through the corresponding color filter 1220 .
- the color filters 1220 are positioned outside an outer surface 1230 of the array of interferometric modulator elements 1210 .
- the color filters 1220 are positioned within the outer surface 1230 and are integral with the array of interferometric modulator elements 1210 .
- Each color filter 1220 has a characteristic transmittance spectrum in which a selected range of wavelengths is substantially transmitted through the color filter 1220 while other wavelengths are substantially not transmitted (e.g., either reflected or absorbed) by the color filter 1220 .
- the array of color filters 1220 comprises three subsets of the color filters 1220 .
- Each color filter 1220 of the first subset has a first transmittance spectrum
- each color filter 1220 of the second subset has a second transmittance spectrum
- each color filter 1220 of the third subset has a third transmittance spectrum.
- the first, second, and third subsets of the color filters 1220 have transmittance spectra corresponding to substantial transmittance of red, green, and blue light, respectively.
- the first, second, and third subsets of the color filters 1220 have transmittance spectra corresponding to substantial transmittance of cyan, magenta, and yellow light, respectively. Accordingly, by placing the color filters 1220 with different transmittance spectrums on the modulator elements 1210 , modulator elements 1210 having the same gap distance may have different reflectance spectrums. Thus, by combining color filters 1220 corresponding to three colors (e.g., red/green/blue or cyan/magenta/yellow) with the modulator elements having substantially equal gap distances (e.g., the modulator elements schematically illustrated by FIGS.
- certain such embodiments advantageously provide reflectivity spectrums including three highly saturated color lines without patterning the structure of the interferometric modulator elements.
- the gap of each modulator element is substantially the same, common voltage levels may be used to activate and deactivate selected modulator elements. Accordingly, voltage matching among the modulator elements is simplified.
- color filters 1220 are combined with two or more sets of modulator elements having different gap distances (e.g., such as the modulator elements schematically illustrated by FIG. 7 ), wherein each set of modulator elements reflects a different range of wavelengths.
- the color filters 1220 serve to tailor the reflectance spectra of the modulator element/color filter combination (e.g., by removing unwanted tails or lines from the resultant reflectance spectrum).
- a color filter having a transmittance spectra with a more narrow range of transmitted wavelengths of red light can result in a more deeply saturated red color from the reflective “on” state of the modulator element.
- the color filter has a transmittance of less than 100% of the wavelengths which are substantially transmitted by the color filter. In certain such embodiments, the decrease in the overall display brightness due to the less-than-100% transmittance of the color filter is acceptable to generate the deeply saturated color.
- FIG. 12 is a graph of transmittance spectra for a set of three exemplary color filter materials compatible with embodiments described herein.
- the exemplary color filter materials of FIG. 12 are pigmented photosensitive color filter resins available from Brewer Science Specialty Materials of Rolla, Mo.
- the solid line of FIG. 12 corresponds to the transmission spectrum of a 1.2-micron thick film of PSCBlue®
- the dashed line of FIG. 12 corresponds to the transmission spectrum of a 1.5-micron thick film of PSCGreen®
- the dash-dot line of FIG. 12 corresponds to the transmission spectrum of a 1.5-micron thick film of PSCRed®.
- Any type of color filter know in the art, such as a pigment-based or interference-based multilayer dielectric filter, for example, is compatible with embodiments described herein.
- the thicknesses of the color filter materials are selected to provide the desired transmission.
- transmissive displays e.g., liquid-crystal displays
- reflective displays e.g., reflective interferometric displays
- the light propagates through the color filter material twice: once when incident on the modulator element and once when propagating away from the modulator element.
- the thickness of a color filter material for a reflective display is typically approximately one-half the thickness of the color filter material when used with a transmissive display.
- Any type of color filter know in the art, such as a pigment-based or interference-based multilayer dielectric filter, for example, is compatible with embodiments described herein.
- FIGS. 10A-10D schematically illustrate a range of wavelengths substantially transmitted by a selected color filter.
- FIGS. 13A-13D are graphs of the reflectance spectra resulting from the combination of this selected color filter with the modulator elements 1210 corresponding to FIGS. 10A-10D .
- the resultant reflectance spectrum from the combination of the modulator elements 1210 corresponding to the reflectance spectrums illustrated in FIGS. 10A-10D and this selected color filter corresponds to a convolution of the reflectance spectrum of the modulator elements 1210 and the transmittance spectrum of the color filter.
- the bandpass characteristic of the selected color filter allows the modulator elements 1210 to be used as separate color contributions to the pixels of the display device.
- each of the modulator elements 1210 may have a common gap that is sized so that the reflectance spectrum of the modulator elements 1210 includes three distinct reflectance lines, such as is illustrated in FIGS. 9 and 10D , for example.
- each of these three lines corresponds with red, green, or blue wavelengths. Accordingly, without the color filters 1220 the modulator elements 1210 would each have reflectance spectra including the three reflectance lines and the modulator elements 1210 would each reflect white light when in an “on” state. However, with the addition of the color filters 1220 , the modulator elements 1210 may be altered to vary their reflectance spectrums.
- each of the color filters 1220 may be selected to transmit only a certain range of wavelengths, such as red, green, or blue wavelengths.
- color filter 1220 A may be selected to transmit only a range of red wavelengths
- color filter 1220 B may be selected to transmit only a range of green wavelengths
- color filter 1220 A may be selected to transmit only a range of blue wavelengths.
- the modulator elements 1210 each provide different reflectance spectrums.
- modulator element 1210 A has a single reflectance line at the range of blue selected by the color filter 1220 A
- modulator element 1210 B has a single reflectance line at the range of green selected by the color filter 1220 B
- modulator element 1210 C has a single reflectance line at the range of red selected by the color filter 1220 C.
- each modulator element includes a single color filter having a selected transmittance spectrum.
- multiple modulator elements share a single color filter, such that the output of the multiple modulator elements are each filtered in the same way.
- a single modulator element includes multiple color filters.
- FIG. 14 schematically illustrates an interferometric modulator element 1300 compatible with embodiments described herein.
- the modular element 1300 comprises a fixed layer 112 and a movable layer 114 .
- the fixed layer 112 includes a reflecting surface on a layer that forms a partial reflector 1340 .
- a dielectric layer 1310 is formed over this partial reflector 1340 .
- the partial reflector 1340 comprises a thin layer of chromium and the dielectric layer 1310 comprises silicon dioxide.
- the partial reflector 1340 and dielectric layer 1310 may comprise any other suitable materials.
- the materials and dimensions chosen for the dielectric layer 1310 vary the optical path length of the light within the modulator element 1300 and, accordingly, adjust the reflectance spectrum of the modulator element 1300 .
- Various materials and thicknesses of the dielectric layer 1310 are compatible with embodiments described herein.
- an optical path length of the modulator element 1300 may be adjusted by changing the thickness of the air gap.
- the optical path length may be altered by changing the thickness or material of the dielectric layer 1310 .
- the dielectric layer of the modulator element is sized so that when the modulator is in the closed position, light incident on the modulator element undergoes destructive interference and a viewer sees the modulator element as black.
- the dielectric layer thickness may be about 300 to 700 Angstroms in order to provide the proper destructive interference when the modulator element is in the closed position.
- the power to switch a modulator element between two states depends in part on the capacitance between the electrically conductive portions associated with the fixed and movable layers 112 , 114 .
- the capacitance between these surfaces is reduced, the switching power may also be reduced, and the total power consumption of a display comprising one or more modulator elements may be reduced.
- the dielectric layer 1310 is sized larger than 700 Angstroms so that the air gap may be decreased while maintaining the desired optical path length for the modulator element to causes destructive interference of visible light when in the closed state.
- the power consumed by the modulator element may be decreased.
- the dielectric layer 1310 has a thickness of about 2200 to 2500 Angstroms, which may adjust the reflectance spectrum of the modulator element 1300 when in the closed state to be in a range of wavelengths between first-order red light and second-order blue light.
- This range of wavelengths is not a true black, because it includes the tails of the first-order red light and the second-order blue light, resulting in a “deep purple” color.
- This deep purple may sufficiently resemble black to be used as a black state of a pixel.
- FIG. 14 the dielectric layer 1310 has a thickness of about 2200 to 2500 Angstroms
- the modulator element 1300 includes a color filter 1320 having a transmittance spectrum that does not transmit the tails of the first-order red light and the second-order blue light. Such embodiments provide a non-reflective closed state of the modulator element 1300 which more closely approximates true black.
- the color filter 1320 may further be selected to transmit only a selected wavelength range when the modulator element 1300 is in the open state.
- the modulator element 1300 may also provide lower capacitance, and thus consume less power, than a similar modulator element 1300 having a thinner dielectric.
- FIG. 15 schematically illustrates a portion of another embodiment of a display device 1400 including an array of interferometric modulator elements 1410 compatible with embodiments described herein.
- the gap distance when the modulator element is in the reflective “on” state is less than the gap distance when the modulator element is in the non-reflective “off” state.
- the modulator element 1400 includes a dielectric layer that is thin enough to frustrate interference effects between the partially reflective and fully reflective layers and to therefore reflect substantially all wavelengths of light with equal intensity, when the modulator element is in the “on” state.
- the dielectric thickness is about 100 Angstroms. In another embodiment, the dielectric thickness is in the range of about 50 to 200 Angstroms.
- a gap distance d 0 is set sufficiently small so that in the reflective “on” state the modulator element 1400 provides approximately 100% reflectance of visible light, which may be significantly more reflectance than from embodiments with larger gap distances. Accordingly, certain embodiments of the display device 1400 may provide a black-and-white display with improved reflectance.
- Color filters 1420 may be used to tune the color spectrum of the modulator elements 1410 in the same manner as described above.
- the gap distance in the non-reflective “off” state is larger than d 0 and is selected to not reflect a broad range of wavelengths.
- the gap distance is such that light undergoes destructive interference between the fixed and movable surfaces of the modulator elements 1410 , causing substantially no light to reflect from the modulator element 1410 when in the “off” state.
- the gap distance in the “off” state is in the range of about 500 to 1200 Angstrom.
- Certain embodiments described herein advantageously provide highly saturated colors using a single gap distance for substantially all of the modulator elements of the interferometric modulator array. Certain embodiments described herein advantageously do not require special patterning or masking of the reflective layer in modulator elements configured to have reflectivity lines in the red wavelengths. Certain embodiments advantageously provide a sufficiently large gap distance to be tuned to eliminate unwanted portions of the visible spectrum. Certain embodiments advantageously provide a sufficiently small dielectric thickness to reflect approximately 100% of a broad range of visible wavelengths. Certain embodiments advantageously provide a low-capacitance interferometric modulator structure.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Light Control Or Optical Switches (AREA)
- Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (24)
Priority Applications (25)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/051,258 US7710632B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2005-02-04 | Display device having an array of spatial light modulators with integrated color filters |
AU2005203431A AU2005203431A1 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2005-08-03 | Display device having an array of spatial light modulators with integrated color filters |
TW094127353A TWI388914B (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2005-08-11 | Interferometric modulator display device having an array of spatial light modulators with integrated color filters, and manufacturing method and operating method thereof |
JP2005235802A JP2006099070A (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2005-08-16 | Display device with array of spatial light modulators comprising integrated color filter |
SG200505241A SG121063A1 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2005-08-17 | Display device having an array of spatial light modulators with integrated color filters |
SG200906425-4A SG155986A1 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2005-08-17 | Display device having an array of spatial light modulators with integrated color filters |
CA002516578A CA2516578A1 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2005-08-22 | Display device having an array of spatial light modulators with integrated color filters |
MXPA05009406A MXPA05009406A (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2005-09-02 | Display device having an array of spatial light modulators with integrated color filters. |
AU2005289996A AU2005289996A1 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2005-09-08 | Reduced capacitance display element |
EP05796215A EP1800167A1 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2005-09-08 | Reduced capacitance display element |
CN201010608389XA CN102012559A (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2005-09-08 | Reduced capacitance display element |
BRPI0516050-2A BRPI0516050A (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2005-09-08 | display element with reduced capacitance |
PCT/US2005/032020 WO2006036495A1 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2005-09-08 | Reduced capacitance display element |
CN2005800321196A CN101027592B (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2005-09-08 | Reduced capacitance display element |
EP10176512A EP2256537A1 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2005-09-14 | Display device having an array of spatial light modulators with integrated color filters |
EP05255657A EP1640767A1 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2005-09-14 | Display device having an array of spatial light modulators with integrated color filters |
KR1020050087710A KR101209094B1 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2005-09-21 | Display device having an array of spatial light modulators with integrated color filters |
TW100105680A TW201213850A (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2005-09-23 | Reduced capacitance display element |
TW094133186A TW200638061A (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2005-09-23 | Reduced capacitance display element |
RU2005129860/28A RU2005129860A (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2005-09-26 | DISPLAY DEVICE HAVING AN ARRAY OF SPATIAL LIGHT MODULATORS WITH INTEGRATED COLOR FILTERS |
BRPI0503865-0A BRPI0503865A (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2005-09-26 | display device having an array of spatial light modulators with integrated color filters |
IL181905A IL181905A0 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2007-03-13 | Reduced capacitance display element |
US12/625,461 US8054528B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2009-11-24 | Display device having an array of spatial light modulators with integrated color filters |
US13/270,759 US8437070B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2011-10-11 | Interferometric modulator with dielectric layer |
KR1020120103810A KR101227622B1 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2012-09-19 | Display device having an array of spatial light modulators with integrated color filters |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US61349104P | 2004-09-27 | 2004-09-27 | |
US61354204P | 2004-09-27 | 2004-09-27 | |
US62307204P | 2004-10-28 | 2004-10-28 | |
US11/051,258 US7710632B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2005-02-04 | Display device having an array of spatial light modulators with integrated color filters |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US12/625,461 Continuation US8054528B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2009-11-24 | Display device having an array of spatial light modulators with integrated color filters |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20060077512A1 US20060077512A1 (en) | 2006-04-13 |
US7710632B2 true US7710632B2 (en) | 2010-05-04 |
Family
ID=35262054
Family Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/051,258 Expired - Fee Related US7710632B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2005-02-04 | Display device having an array of spatial light modulators with integrated color filters |
US12/625,461 Expired - Fee Related US8054528B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2009-11-24 | Display device having an array of spatial light modulators with integrated color filters |
US13/270,759 Expired - Fee Related US8437070B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2011-10-11 | Interferometric modulator with dielectric layer |
Family Applications After (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US12/625,461 Expired - Fee Related US8054528B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2009-11-24 | Display device having an array of spatial light modulators with integrated color filters |
US13/270,759 Expired - Fee Related US8437070B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2011-10-11 | Interferometric modulator with dielectric layer |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (3) | US7710632B2 (en) |
EP (2) | EP1640767A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2006099070A (en) |
KR (2) | KR101209094B1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2005203431A1 (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI0503865A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2516578A1 (en) |
MX (1) | MXPA05009406A (en) |
SG (1) | SG155986A1 (en) |
TW (1) | TWI388914B (en) |
Cited By (34)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20060066641A1 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2006-03-30 | Gally Brian J | Method and device for manipulating color in a display |
US20060077124A1 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2006-04-13 | Gally Brian J | Method and device for manipulating color in a display |
US20060077153A1 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2006-04-13 | Idc, Llc, A Delaware Limited Liability Company | Reduced capacitance display element |
US20060077122A1 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2006-04-13 | Gally Brian J | Apparatus and method for reducing perceived color shift |
US20090086301A1 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2009-04-02 | Idc, Llc | Display element having filter material diffused in a substrate of the display element |
US20090219604A1 (en) * | 1999-10-05 | 2009-09-03 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Photonic mems and structures |
US20090296191A1 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2009-12-03 | Idc, Llc | Method and device for generating white in an interferometric modulator display |
US20100157406A1 (en) * | 2008-12-19 | 2010-06-24 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | System and method for matching light source emission to display element reflectivity |
US7855824B2 (en) | 2004-03-06 | 2010-12-21 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Method and system for color optimization in a display |
US7898521B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2011-03-01 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Device and method for wavelength filtering |
US7907319B2 (en) | 1995-11-06 | 2011-03-15 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Method and device for modulating light with optical compensation |
US7911428B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2011-03-22 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Method and device for manipulating color in a display |
US20110141545A1 (en) * | 2009-12-10 | 2011-06-16 | Shanghai Lexvu Opto Microelectronics Technology Co., Ltd. | Tri wavelength interference modulator and a method for modulation |
US8004743B2 (en) | 2006-04-21 | 2011-08-23 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Method and apparatus for providing brightness control in an interferometric modulator (IMOD) display |
WO2011130715A2 (en) | 2010-04-16 | 2011-10-20 | Flex Lighting Ii, Llc | Illumination device comprising a film-based lightguide |
WO2011130718A2 (en) | 2010-04-16 | 2011-10-20 | Flex Lighting Ii, Llc | Front illumination device comprising a film-based lightguide |
US8045252B2 (en) | 2004-02-03 | 2011-10-25 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Spatial light modulator with integrated optical compensation structure |
US8054528B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2011-11-08 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies Inc. | Display device having an array of spatial light modulators with integrated color filters |
US8061882B2 (en) | 2006-10-06 | 2011-11-22 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Illumination device with built-in light coupler |
US8072402B2 (en) | 2007-08-29 | 2011-12-06 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Interferometric optical modulator with broadband reflection characteristics |
US20120134008A1 (en) * | 2010-11-30 | 2012-05-31 | Ion Bita | Electromechanical interferometric modulator device |
US8362987B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2013-01-29 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Method and device for manipulating color in a display |
US8736590B2 (en) | 2009-03-27 | 2014-05-27 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Low voltage driver scheme for interferometric modulators |
US8791897B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2014-07-29 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Method and system for writing data to MEMS display elements |
US8798425B2 (en) | 2007-12-07 | 2014-08-05 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Decoupled holographic film and diffuser |
US8797628B2 (en) | 2007-10-19 | 2014-08-05 | Qualcomm Memstechnologies, Inc. | Display with integrated photovoltaic device |
US8848294B2 (en) | 2010-05-20 | 2014-09-30 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Method and structure capable of changing color saturation |
US8872085B2 (en) | 2006-10-06 | 2014-10-28 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Display device having front illuminator with turning features |
US8928967B2 (en) | 1998-04-08 | 2015-01-06 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Method and device for modulating light |
US8971675B2 (en) | 2006-01-13 | 2015-03-03 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Interconnect structure for MEMS device |
US9019183B2 (en) | 2006-10-06 | 2015-04-28 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Optical loss structure integrated in an illumination apparatus |
US9025235B2 (en) | 2002-12-25 | 2015-05-05 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Optical interference type of color display having optical diffusion layer between substrate and electrode |
US9110289B2 (en) | 1998-04-08 | 2015-08-18 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Device for modulating light with multiple electrodes |
US11892407B2 (en) | 2020-05-07 | 2024-02-06 | Wistron Corporation | Detection device and detection method |
Families Citing this family (26)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6674562B1 (en) * | 1994-05-05 | 2004-01-06 | Iridigm Display Corporation | Interferometric modulation of radiation |
JP4375183B2 (en) * | 2004-09-22 | 2009-12-02 | ウシオ電機株式会社 | Microchip |
US7813026B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2010-10-12 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | System and method of reducing color shift in a display |
US20060066557A1 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2006-03-30 | Floyd Philip D | Method and device for reflective display with time sequential color illumination |
US7427201B2 (en) | 2006-01-12 | 2008-09-23 | Green Cloak Llc | Resonant frequency filtered arrays for discrete addressing of a matrix |
US20080111834A1 (en) * | 2006-11-09 | 2008-05-15 | Mignard Marc M | Two primary color display |
US7403180B1 (en) * | 2007-01-29 | 2008-07-22 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Hybrid color synthesis for multistate reflective modulator displays |
WO2008097867A1 (en) * | 2007-02-07 | 2008-08-14 | Green Cloak Llc | Displays including addressable trace structures |
WO2008102213A1 (en) * | 2007-02-21 | 2008-08-28 | Mpot Pte Ltd | Electromagnetic display element |
US7733552B2 (en) * | 2007-03-21 | 2010-06-08 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc | MEMS cavity-coating layers and methods |
US7719752B2 (en) * | 2007-05-11 | 2010-05-18 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | MEMS structures, methods of fabricating MEMS components on separate substrates and assembly of same |
US8058549B2 (en) | 2007-10-19 | 2011-11-15 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Photovoltaic devices with integrated color interferometric film stacks |
KR101415566B1 (en) | 2007-10-29 | 2014-07-04 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | Display device |
KR20100093590A (en) * | 2007-12-17 | 2010-08-25 | 퀄컴 엠이엠스 테크놀로지스, 인크. | Photovoltaics with interferometric back side masks |
US8023191B2 (en) | 2008-05-07 | 2011-09-20 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Printable static interferometric images |
KR101614903B1 (en) * | 2009-02-25 | 2016-04-25 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | Interference light modulator and display imploying the same |
US20100245370A1 (en) * | 2009-03-25 | 2010-09-30 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Em shielding for display devices |
US8941607B2 (en) | 2010-12-16 | 2015-01-27 | Hung-Ta LIU | MEMS display with touch control function |
TWI437474B (en) | 2010-12-16 | 2014-05-11 | Hongda Liu | Dual-modes touch sensor and touch display and driving method thereof |
US9069421B2 (en) | 2010-12-16 | 2015-06-30 | Hung-Ta LIU | Touch sensor and touch display apparatus and driving method thereof |
TWI463237B (en) * | 2011-05-20 | 2014-12-01 | Hung-Ta Liu | A mems display with touch control function |
US9046976B2 (en) | 2011-09-28 | 2015-06-02 | Hung-Ta LIU | Method for transmitting and detecting touch sensing signals and touch device using the same |
JP6489233B2 (en) | 2016-09-26 | 2019-03-27 | 和浩 山本 | Display element |
US10571332B2 (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2020-02-25 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Light filter and spectrometer including the light filter |
US10746983B2 (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2020-08-18 | Silicon Light Machines Corporation | Spatial light modulators for phased-array applications |
CN113325650B (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2023-02-28 | 山东云海国创云计算装备产业创新中心有限公司 | Optical circuit, optical signal processing method, optical signal processing device and readable storage medium |
Citations (243)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3443854A (en) | 1963-06-28 | 1969-05-13 | Siemens Ag | Dipole device for electromagnetic wave radiation in micron wavelength ranges |
US3448334A (en) | 1966-09-30 | 1969-06-03 | North American Rockwell | Multicolored e.l. displays using external colored light sources |
US3653741A (en) | 1970-02-16 | 1972-04-04 | Alvin M Marks | Electro-optical dipolar material |
US3725868A (en) | 1970-10-19 | 1973-04-03 | Burroughs Corp | Small reconfigurable processor for a variety of data processing applications |
US4287449A (en) | 1978-02-03 | 1981-09-01 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Light-absorption film for rear electrodes of electroluminescent display panel |
US4377324A (en) | 1980-08-04 | 1983-03-22 | Honeywell Inc. | Graded index Fabry-Perot optical filter device |
US4389096A (en) | 1977-12-27 | 1983-06-21 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Image display apparatus of liquid crystal valve projection type |
US4441791A (en) | 1980-09-02 | 1984-04-10 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Deformable mirror light modulator |
US4790635A (en) | 1986-04-25 | 1988-12-13 | The Secretary Of State For Defence In Her Brittanic Majesty's Government Of The United Kingdom Of Great Britain And Northern Ireland | Electro-optical device |
US4832459A (en) | 1984-02-06 | 1989-05-23 | Rogers Corporation | Backlighting for electro-optical passive displays and transflective layer useful therewith |
US4859060A (en) | 1985-11-26 | 1989-08-22 | 501 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Variable interferometric device and a process for the production of the same |
EP0389031A1 (en) | 1989-03-16 | 1990-09-26 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Colour display device |
US4961617A (en) | 1989-07-19 | 1990-10-09 | Ferrydon Shahidi | Fibre optic waveguide illuminating elements |
US4980775A (en) | 1988-07-21 | 1990-12-25 | Magnascreen Corporation | Modular flat-screen television displays and modules and circuit drives therefor |
US4982184A (en) | 1989-01-03 | 1991-01-01 | General Electric Company | Electrocrystallochromic display and element |
US5022745A (en) | 1989-09-07 | 1991-06-11 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Electrostatically deformable single crystal dielectrically coated mirror |
US5044736A (en) | 1990-11-06 | 1991-09-03 | Motorola, Inc. | Configurable optical filter or display |
US5136669A (en) | 1991-03-15 | 1992-08-04 | Sperry Marine Inc. | Variable ratio fiber optic coupler optical signal processing element |
US5142414A (en) | 1991-04-22 | 1992-08-25 | Koehler Dale R | Electrically actuatable temporal tristimulus-color device |
US5168406A (en) | 1991-07-31 | 1992-12-01 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Color deformable mirror device and method for manufacture |
US5192946A (en) | 1989-02-27 | 1993-03-09 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Digitized color video display system |
US5228013A (en) | 1992-01-10 | 1993-07-13 | Bik Russell J | Clock-painting device and method for indicating the time-of-day with a non-traditional, now analog artistic panel of digital electronic visual displays |
US5233385A (en) | 1991-12-18 | 1993-08-03 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | White light enhanced color field sequential projection |
US5287215A (en) | 1991-07-17 | 1994-02-15 | Optron Systems, Inc. | Membrane light modulation systems |
US5293272A (en) | 1992-08-24 | 1994-03-08 | Physical Optics Corporation | High finesse holographic fabry-perot etalon and method of fabricating |
EP0590511A1 (en) | 1992-10-01 | 1994-04-06 | International Business Machines Corporation | Edge-lit transflective non-emissive display |
US5311360A (en) | 1992-04-28 | 1994-05-10 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford, Junior University | Method and apparatus for modulating a light beam |
US5345322A (en) | 1985-03-01 | 1994-09-06 | Manchester R&D Limited Partnership | Complementary color liquid crystal display |
US5365283A (en) | 1993-07-19 | 1994-11-15 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Color phase control for projection display using spatial light modulator |
GB2278222A (en) | 1993-05-20 | 1994-11-23 | Sharp Kk | Spatial light modulator |
US5398170A (en) | 1992-05-18 | 1995-03-14 | Lee; Song S. | Optical-fiber display with intensive brightness |
US5401983A (en) | 1992-04-08 | 1995-03-28 | Georgia Tech Research Corporation | Processes for lift-off of thin film materials or devices for fabricating three dimensional integrated circuits, optical detectors, and micromechanical devices |
EP0667548A1 (en) | 1994-01-27 | 1995-08-16 | AT&T Corp. | Micromechanical modulator |
US5448314A (en) | 1994-01-07 | 1995-09-05 | Texas Instruments | Method and apparatus for sequential color imaging |
US5452385A (en) | 1993-03-09 | 1995-09-19 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Optical scanning device an optical scanning type display and an image data input/output device |
US5452024A (en) | 1993-11-01 | 1995-09-19 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | DMD display system |
US5457900A (en) | 1994-03-31 | 1995-10-17 | Roy; Avery J. | Footwear display device |
EP0695959A1 (en) | 1994-07-29 | 1996-02-07 | AT&T Corp. | Direct view display based on a micromechanical modulator |
US5517347A (en) | 1993-12-01 | 1996-05-14 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Direct view deformable mirror device |
EP0366117B1 (en) | 1988-10-26 | 1996-07-03 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal apparatus |
US5550373A (en) | 1994-12-30 | 1996-08-27 | Honeywell Inc. | Fabry-Perot micro filter-detector |
US5589852A (en) | 1989-02-27 | 1996-12-31 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Apparatus and method for image projection with pixel intensity control |
US5619366A (en) | 1992-06-08 | 1997-04-08 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Controllable surface filter |
US5619059A (en) | 1994-09-28 | 1997-04-08 | National Research Council Of Canada | Color deformable mirror device having optical thin film interference color coatings |
US5636185A (en) | 1995-03-10 | 1997-06-03 | Boit Incorporated | Dynamically changing liquid crystal display timekeeping apparatus |
US5638084A (en) | 1992-05-22 | 1997-06-10 | Dielectric Systems International, Inc. | Lighting-independent color video display |
DE19622748A1 (en) | 1996-06-05 | 1997-12-11 | Forschungszentrum Juelich Gmbh | Interference filter based on porous silicon |
US5737115A (en) | 1995-12-15 | 1998-04-07 | Xerox Corporation | Additive color tristate light valve twisting ball display |
US5739945A (en) | 1995-09-29 | 1998-04-14 | Tayebati; Parviz | Electrically tunable optical filter utilizing a deformable multi-layer mirror |
US5745281A (en) | 1995-12-29 | 1998-04-28 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Electrostatically-driven light modulator and display |
US5754260A (en) | 1992-10-09 | 1998-05-19 | Ag Technology Co., Ltd. | Projection type color liquid crystal optical apparatus |
US5771321A (en) | 1996-01-04 | 1998-06-23 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Micromechanical optical switch and flat panel display |
GB2321532A (en) | 1997-01-22 | 1998-07-29 | Sharp Kk | Multi-colour reflector device and display |
US5805117A (en) | 1994-05-12 | 1998-09-08 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Large area tiled modular display system |
US5815229A (en) | 1994-11-21 | 1998-09-29 | Proxima Corporation | Microlens imbedded liquid crystal projection panel including thermal insulation layer |
US5835255A (en) | 1986-04-23 | 1998-11-10 | Etalon, Inc. | Visible spectrum modulator arrays |
US5853310A (en) | 1994-11-29 | 1998-12-29 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Method of manufacturing electron-emitting device, electron source and image-forming apparatus |
EP0822441A3 (en) | 1996-08-01 | 1998-12-30 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Optical device and directional display |
US5868480A (en) | 1996-12-17 | 1999-02-09 | Compaq Computer Corporation | Image projection apparatus for producing an image supplied by parallel transmitted colored light |
US5892598A (en) | 1994-07-15 | 1999-04-06 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Head up display unit, liquid crystal display panel, and method of fabricating the liquid crystal display panel |
EP0855745A3 (en) | 1997-01-24 | 1999-04-14 | Eastman Kodak Company | Method of making color filter arrays |
FR2760559B1 (en) | 1997-03-07 | 1999-05-28 | Sextant Avionique | LIQUID CRYSTAL MATRIX SCREEN WITH DISSYMMETRICAL COLORED PIXELS |
US5914804A (en) | 1998-01-28 | 1999-06-22 | Lucent Technologies Inc | Double-cavity micromechanical optical modulator with plural multilayer mirrors |
JPH11174234A (en) | 1997-12-05 | 1999-07-02 | Victor Co Of Japan Ltd | Hologram color filter, manufacture of hologram color filter and spatial light modulation device using the same |
US5933183A (en) | 1995-12-12 | 1999-08-03 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Color spatial light modulator and color printer using the same |
US5959763A (en) | 1991-03-06 | 1999-09-28 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Spatial light modulator |
WO1999052006A2 (en) | 1998-04-08 | 1999-10-14 | Etalon, Inc. | Interferometric modulation of radiation |
US5991073A (en) | 1996-01-26 | 1999-11-23 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Autostereoscopic display including a viewing window that may receive black view data |
US6028690A (en) | 1997-11-26 | 2000-02-22 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Reduced micromirror mirror gaps for improved contrast ratio |
US6031653A (en) | 1997-08-28 | 2000-02-29 | California Institute Of Technology | Low-cost thin-metal-film interference filters |
JP2000075293A (en) | 1998-09-02 | 2000-03-14 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Illuminator, touch panel with illumination and reflective liquid crystal display device |
US6040937A (en) | 1994-05-05 | 2000-03-21 | Etalon, Inc. | Interferometric modulation |
US6046840A (en) | 1995-06-19 | 2000-04-04 | Reflectivity, Inc. | Double substrate reflective spatial light modulator with self-limiting micro-mechanical elements |
US6057878A (en) | 1993-10-26 | 2000-05-02 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Three-dimensional picture image display apparatus |
US6088102A (en) | 1997-10-31 | 2000-07-11 | Silicon Light Machines | Display apparatus including grating light-valve array and interferometric optical system |
JP2000193933A (en) | 1998-12-25 | 2000-07-14 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Display device |
US6113239A (en) | 1998-09-04 | 2000-09-05 | Sharp Laboratories Of America, Inc. | Projection display system for reflective light valves |
US6147728A (en) | 1995-07-17 | 2000-11-14 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Reflective color LCD with color filters having particular transmissivity |
US6195196B1 (en) | 1998-03-13 | 2001-02-27 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Array-type exposing device and flat type display incorporating light modulator and driving method thereof |
EP1081633A2 (en) | 1999-08-31 | 2001-03-07 | Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Touch panel and display device using the same |
US6201633B1 (en) | 1999-06-07 | 2001-03-13 | Xerox Corporation | Micro-electromechanical based bistable color display sheets |
EP1089115A1 (en) | 1999-10-02 | 2001-04-04 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Optical device and projection display |
US6243149B1 (en) | 1994-10-27 | 2001-06-05 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Method of imaging using a liquid crystal display device |
US20010003487A1 (en) | 1996-11-05 | 2001-06-14 | Mark W. Miles | Visible spectrum modulator arrays |
US6282010B1 (en) | 1998-05-14 | 2001-08-28 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Anti-reflective coatings for spatial light modulators |
US6285424B1 (en) | 1997-11-07 | 2001-09-04 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | Black mask, color filter and liquid crystal display |
US20010019479A1 (en) | 1997-05-13 | 2001-09-06 | Koki Nakabayashi | Illuminating system |
US20010019380A1 (en) | 2000-03-03 | 2001-09-06 | Takayuki Ishihara | Lighting unit and liquid crystal display utilizing the same |
US6288824B1 (en) | 1998-11-03 | 2001-09-11 | Alex Kastalsky | Display device based on grating electromechanical shutter |
US6301000B1 (en) | 1999-01-11 | 2001-10-09 | Kenneth Carlisle Johnson | Dual-flexure light valve |
US6323834B1 (en) | 1998-10-08 | 2001-11-27 | International Business Machines Corporation | Micromechanical displays and fabrication method |
US20010049061A1 (en) | 1997-12-05 | 2001-12-06 | Shintaro Nakagaki | Method for producing hologram lens, method for producing hologram color filter, and space light modulating apparatuses using the hologram lens and the hologram color filter respectively |
JP2001343514A (en) | 2000-05-30 | 2001-12-14 | Victor Co Of Japan Ltd | Hologram color filter |
EP1014161B1 (en) | 1998-06-25 | 2001-12-19 | Citizen Watch Co. Ltd. | Reflective liquid crystal display |
US20010055208A1 (en) | 2000-06-15 | 2001-12-27 | Koichi Kimura | Optical element, optical light source unit and optical display device equipped with the optical light source unit |
US20020006044A1 (en) | 2000-05-04 | 2002-01-17 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Assembly of a display device and an illumination system |
US6342970B1 (en) | 1994-03-03 | 2002-01-29 | Unaxis Balzers Aktiengesellschaft | Dielectric interference filter system, LCD-display and CCD-arrangement as well as process for manufacturing a dielectric interference filter system and use of this process |
US20020015215A1 (en) | 1994-05-05 | 2002-02-07 | Iridigm Display Corporation, A Delaware Corporation | Interferometric modulation of radiation |
US20020024711A1 (en) | 1994-05-05 | 2002-02-28 | Iridigm Display Corporation, A Delaware Corporation | Interferometric modulation of radiation |
JP2002062505A (en) | 2000-08-14 | 2002-02-28 | Canon Inc | Projection type display deice and interference modulation element used therefor |
WO2002024570A1 (en) | 2000-09-25 | 2002-03-28 | Bookham Technology Plc | Micro electro-mechanical systems |
US6381022B1 (en) | 1992-01-22 | 2002-04-30 | Northeastern University | Light modulating device |
US20020054424A1 (en) | 1994-05-05 | 2002-05-09 | Etalon, Inc. | Photonic mems and structures |
EP1205782A3 (en) | 2000-11-01 | 2002-05-29 | Agilent Technologies, Inc. (a Delaware corporation) | Optically tunable Fabry-Perot micro-electromechanical resonator |
US6400738B1 (en) | 2000-04-14 | 2002-06-04 | Agilent Technologies, Inc. | Tunable Fabry-Perot filters and lasers |
JP2002174780A (en) | 2000-12-08 | 2002-06-21 | Stanley Electric Co Ltd | Reflection type color display device |
US20020080465A1 (en) | 2000-11-03 | 2002-06-27 | Intpax, Inc. | MEMS based variable optical attenuator (MBVOA) |
US6412969B1 (en) | 1998-12-14 | 2002-07-02 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Backlighting device and a method of manufacturing the same, and a liquid crystal display apparatus |
US20020106182A1 (en) | 2001-02-02 | 2002-08-08 | Minebea Co., Ltd. | Spread illuminating apparatus with cover provided over transparent substrate |
JP2002245835A (en) | 2001-02-15 | 2002-08-30 | Minolta Co Ltd | Illumination device, display device, and electronic equipment |
WO2002071132A2 (en) | 2001-03-02 | 2002-09-12 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Methods and apparatus for diffractive optical processing using an actuatable structure |
JP2002287047A (en) | 2001-03-23 | 2002-10-03 | Seiko Epson Corp | Optical switching element, optical switching device, methods for manufacturing them and picture display device |
US6466358B2 (en) | 1999-12-30 | 2002-10-15 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Analog pulse width modulation cell for digital micromechanical device |
US20020149584A1 (en) | 2001-04-13 | 2002-10-17 | Simpson John T. | Reflective coherent spatial light modulator |
US20020154215A1 (en) | 1999-02-25 | 2002-10-24 | Envision Advance Medical Systems Ltd. | Optical device |
US6483613B1 (en) | 1998-08-04 | 2002-11-19 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Reflective display device and a light source for a display device |
CN1381752A (en) | 2001-04-16 | 2002-11-27 | 日东电工株式会社 | Contact screen with lighting device and reflection liquid crystal display unit |
US20020191130A1 (en) | 2001-06-19 | 2002-12-19 | Wei-Chen Liang | Color display utilizing combinations of four colors |
EP1271223A2 (en) | 2001-06-28 | 2003-01-02 | Nokia Corporation | Electronic display |
US20030011864A1 (en) | 2001-07-16 | 2003-01-16 | Axsun Technologies, Inc. | Tilt mirror fabry-perot filter system, fabrication process therefor, and method of operation thereof |
US20030043157A1 (en) | 1999-10-05 | 2003-03-06 | Iridigm Display Corporation | Photonic MEMS and structures |
CN1409157A (en) | 2001-09-19 | 2003-04-09 | 奥博特瑞克斯株式会社 | Liquid crystal display element |
US6549338B1 (en) | 1999-11-12 | 2003-04-15 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Bandpass filter to reduce thermal impact of dichroic light shift |
US20030083429A1 (en) | 1995-09-28 | 2003-05-01 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Colored articles and compositions and methods for their fabrication |
US20030095401A1 (en) | 2001-11-20 | 2003-05-22 | Palm, Inc. | Non-visible light display illumination system and method |
US6570584B1 (en) | 2000-05-15 | 2003-05-27 | Eastman Kodak Company | Broad color gamut display |
US6574033B1 (en) | 2002-02-27 | 2003-06-03 | Iridigm Display Corporation | Microelectromechanical systems device and method for fabricating same |
US20030107692A1 (en) | 2000-06-27 | 2003-06-12 | Citizen Watch Co., Ltd. | Liquid crystal display device |
US6597490B2 (en) | 1995-09-29 | 2003-07-22 | Coretek, Inc. | Electrically tunable fabry-perot structure utilizing a deformable multi-layer mirror and method of making the same |
US6597419B1 (en) | 1999-07-02 | 2003-07-22 | Minolta Co., Ltd. | Liquid crystal display including filter means with 10-70% transmittance in the selective reflection wavelength range |
US6598987B1 (en) | 2000-06-15 | 2003-07-29 | Nokia Mobile Phones Limited | Method and apparatus for distributing light to the user interface of an electronic device |
US20030151821A1 (en) | 2001-12-19 | 2003-08-14 | Favalora Gregg E. | Radiation conditioning system |
EP1336876A1 (en) | 2002-02-05 | 2003-08-20 | Alps Electric Co., Ltd. | Illumination device having a single light source and liquid crystal display device |
US20030161040A1 (en) | 2002-02-26 | 2003-08-28 | Namco Ltd. | Stereoscopic image display device and electronic apparatus |
US20030160919A1 (en) | 2002-02-28 | 2003-08-28 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display device |
EP0786911B1 (en) | 1996-01-26 | 2003-09-10 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Autostereoscopic display |
US20030169385A1 (en) | 2002-03-05 | 2003-09-11 | Citizen Electronics Co., Ltd. | Illumination device for a color liquid crystal display |
US20030179383A1 (en) | 2002-03-21 | 2003-09-25 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Fabry-perot filter apparatus with enhanced optical discrimination |
US6636322B1 (en) | 1999-05-07 | 2003-10-21 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Method and device for measuring cell gap of liquid crystal display using near-IR radiation |
US6643069B2 (en) | 2000-08-31 | 2003-11-04 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | SLM-base color projection display having multiple SLM's and multiple projection lenses |
US6642913B1 (en) | 1999-01-20 | 2003-11-04 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Light modulation element, exposure unit, and flat-panel display unit |
JP2003315694A (en) | 2002-04-25 | 2003-11-06 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Image display element and image display device using the same |
JP2003315732A (en) | 2002-04-25 | 2003-11-06 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Image display device |
US20030210363A1 (en) | 2000-04-21 | 2003-11-13 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Electrooptical device, projection-type display apparatus, and method for manufacturing the electrooptical device |
US20030214621A1 (en) * | 2002-05-17 | 2003-11-20 | Lg.Philips Lcd Co., Ltd. | Liquid crystal display and a fabricating method thereof |
US6657611B1 (en) | 1999-05-12 | 2003-12-02 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | White color selection of display information |
US20040017599A1 (en) | 2002-07-29 | 2004-01-29 | Xiaofeng Yang | Micro-mirror with rotor structure |
US20040027315A1 (en) | 2002-08-09 | 2004-02-12 | Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. | Display including a plurality of display panels |
US20040051929A1 (en) | 1994-05-05 | 2004-03-18 | Sampsell Jeffrey Brian | Separable modulator |
US20040066477A1 (en) * | 2002-09-19 | 2004-04-08 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Liquid crystal display device |
US20040070711A1 (en) | 2002-10-11 | 2004-04-15 | Chi-Jain Wen | Double-sided LCD panel |
EP1413543A1 (en) | 2002-10-24 | 2004-04-28 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Micro electro mechanical (MEMS) actuated colour light modulator grating and method for its manufacture |
US20040080938A1 (en) | 2001-12-14 | 2004-04-29 | Digital Optics International Corporation | Uniform illumination system |
US6738194B1 (en) | 2002-07-22 | 2004-05-18 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Resonance tunable optical filter |
US20040100594A1 (en) | 2002-11-26 | 2004-05-27 | Reflectivity, Inc., A California Corporation | Spatial light modulators with light absorbing areas |
US20040114242A1 (en) | 2002-09-06 | 2004-06-17 | Sharp Gary D. | Filter for enhancing vision and/or protecting the eyes and method of making a filter |
US20040115339A1 (en) | 2002-09-19 | 2004-06-17 | Nobuyuki Ito | Method and apparatus for manufacturing organic EL display and color filter by ink jet method |
US20040125281A1 (en) | 2002-12-25 | 2004-07-01 | Wen-Jian Lin | Optical interference type of color display |
US20040125048A1 (en) | 2002-09-20 | 2004-07-01 | Toshihiro Fukuda | Display element , display device, and microlens array |
US20040125282A1 (en) | 2002-12-27 | 2004-07-01 | Wen-Jian Lin | Optical interference color display and optical interference modulator |
US20040147198A1 (en) | 2003-01-29 | 2004-07-29 | Prime View International Co., Ltd. | Optical-interference type display panel and method for making the same |
US20040145811A1 (en) | 2003-01-29 | 2004-07-29 | Prime View International Co., Ltd. | Optical-interference type reflective panel and method for making the same |
JP2004212673A (en) | 2002-12-27 | 2004-07-29 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Planar display device and its driving method |
US6773126B1 (en) | 1999-05-28 | 2004-08-10 | Oy Modilis Ltd. | Light panel with improved diffraction |
EP1450418A2 (en) | 2003-02-19 | 2004-08-25 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toyoda Jidoshokki | Area light emitting device, method for manufacturing the same, and liquid crystal display unit |
US20040207897A1 (en) | 2003-04-21 | 2004-10-21 | Wen-Jian Lin | Method for fabricating an interference display unit |
US20040209192A1 (en) | 2003-04-21 | 2004-10-21 | Prime View International Co., Ltd. | Method for fabricating an interference display unit |
US20040209195A1 (en) | 2003-04-21 | 2004-10-21 | Wen-Jian Lin | Method for fabricating an interference display unit |
US6811267B1 (en) | 2003-06-09 | 2004-11-02 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Display system with nonvisible data projection |
US20040218251A1 (en) | 2003-04-30 | 2004-11-04 | Arthur Piehl | Optical interference pixel display with charge control |
US20040217919A1 (en) | 2003-04-30 | 2004-11-04 | Arthur Piehl | Self-packaged optical interference display device having anti-stiction bumps, integral micro-lens, and reflection-absorbing layers |
US6822628B2 (en) | 2001-06-28 | 2004-11-23 | Candescent Intellectual Property Services, Inc. | Methods and systems for compensating row-to-row brightness variations of a field emission display |
US6822780B1 (en) | 2003-06-23 | 2004-11-23 | Northrop Grumman Corporation | Vertically stacked spatial light modulator with multi-bit phase resolution |
US20040233503A1 (en) | 2003-05-23 | 2004-11-25 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Transmissive spatial light modulator and method of manufacturing the same |
US20040233357A1 (en) | 2001-10-02 | 2004-11-25 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display device |
US6841787B2 (en) | 2001-11-07 | 2005-01-11 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Maskless photon-electron spot-grid array printer |
US20050010568A1 (en) | 2002-11-29 | 2005-01-13 | Casio Computer Co., Ltd. | Portable wireless communication terminal, picked-up image editing apparatus, and picked-up image editing method |
US6853129B1 (en) | 2000-07-28 | 2005-02-08 | Candescent Technologies Corporation | Protected substrate structure for a field emission display device |
US20050035699A1 (en) | 2003-08-15 | 2005-02-17 | Hsiung-Kuang Tsai | Optical interference display panel |
US20050036095A1 (en) | 2003-08-15 | 2005-02-17 | Jia-Jiun Yeh | Color-changeable pixels of an optical interference display panel |
US20050036192A1 (en) | 2003-08-15 | 2005-02-17 | Wen-Jian Lin | Optical interference display panel |
US20050042117A1 (en) | 2003-08-18 | 2005-02-24 | Wen-Jian Lin | Optical interference display panel and manufacturing method thereof |
US6862029B1 (en) | 1999-07-27 | 2005-03-01 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Color display system |
US20050046948A1 (en) | 2003-08-26 | 2005-03-03 | Wen-Jian Lin | Interference display cell and fabrication method thereof |
US20050057442A1 (en) | 2003-08-28 | 2005-03-17 | Olan Way | Adjacent display of sequential sub-images |
US6870581B2 (en) | 2001-10-30 | 2005-03-22 | Sharp Laboratories Of America, Inc. | Single panel color video projection display using reflective banded color falling-raster illumination |
US20050069209A1 (en) | 2003-09-26 | 2005-03-31 | Niranjan Damera-Venkata | Generating and displaying spatially offset sub-frames |
US20050068606A1 (en) | 2003-09-26 | 2005-03-31 | Prime View International Co., Ltd. | Color changeable pixel |
US6880959B2 (en) | 2003-08-25 | 2005-04-19 | Timothy K. Houston | Vehicle illumination guide |
US6882458B2 (en) | 2003-04-21 | 2005-04-19 | Prime View International Co., Ltd. | Structure of an optical interference display cell |
US20050083352A1 (en) | 2003-10-21 | 2005-04-21 | Higgins Michael F. | Method and apparatus for converting from a source color space to a target color space |
US6885377B2 (en) | 2001-11-19 | 2005-04-26 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Image data output controller using double buffering |
US20050120553A1 (en) | 2003-12-08 | 2005-06-09 | Brown Dirk D. | Method for forming MEMS grid array connector |
US6917469B2 (en) | 2003-06-27 | 2005-07-12 | Japan Acryace Co., Ltd. | Light diffusing laminated plate |
US6930816B2 (en) | 2003-01-17 | 2005-08-16 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Spatial light modulator, spatial light modulator array, image forming device and flat panel display |
US20050179977A1 (en) | 2004-02-03 | 2005-08-18 | Clarence Chui | Spatial light modulator with integrated optical compensation structure |
US20050195462A1 (en) | 2004-03-05 | 2005-09-08 | Prime View International Co., Ltd. | Interference display plate and manufacturing method thereof |
US20050253820A1 (en) | 2004-05-12 | 2005-11-17 | Shimano Inc. | Cycle computer display apparatus |
US6967779B2 (en) | 1998-04-15 | 2005-11-22 | Bright View Technologies, Inc. | Micro-lens array with precisely aligned aperture mask and methods of producing same |
US20060002141A1 (en) | 2004-06-30 | 2006-01-05 | Ouderkirk Andrew J | Phosphor based illumination system having a short pass reflector and method of making same |
US20060001942A1 (en) | 2004-07-02 | 2006-01-05 | Clarence Chui | Interferometric modulators with thin film transistors |
US20060022966A1 (en) | 2004-07-29 | 2006-02-02 | Mar Eugene J | Method and system for controlling the output of a diffractive light device |
US7002726B2 (en) | 2003-07-24 | 2006-02-21 | Reflectivity, Inc. | Micromirror having reduced space between hinge and mirror plate of the micromirror |
EP1640779A2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2006-03-29 | Idc, Llc | Method and device for reflectance with a predetermined spectral response |
EP1640761A1 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2006-03-29 | Idc, Llc | Method and device for manipulating color in a display |
US20060067651A1 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2006-03-30 | Clarence Chui | Photonic MEMS and structures |
US20060066935A1 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2006-03-30 | Cummings William J | Process for modifying offset voltage characteristics of an interferometric modulator |
US20060067633A1 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2006-03-30 | Gally Brian J | Device and method for wavelength filtering |
US20060066586A1 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2006-03-30 | Gally Brian J | Touchscreens for displays |
US20060066541A1 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2006-03-30 | Gally Brian J | Method and device for manipulating color in a display |
US20060067600A1 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2006-03-30 | Gally Brian J | Display element having filter material diffused in a substrate of the display element |
US20060066641A1 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2006-03-30 | Gally Brian J | Method and device for manipulating color in a display |
US20060077122A1 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2006-04-13 | Gally Brian J | Apparatus and method for reducing perceived color shift |
US20060077125A1 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2006-04-13 | Idc, Llc. A Delaware Limited Liability Company | Method and device for generating white in an interferometric modulator display |
US20060077127A1 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2006-04-13 | Sampsell Jeffrey B | Controller and driver features for bi-stable display |
US20060077124A1 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2006-04-13 | Gally Brian J | Method and device for manipulating color in a display |
US20060077149A1 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2006-04-13 | Gally Brian J | Method and device for manipulating color in a display |
US7034981B2 (en) | 2003-01-16 | 2006-04-25 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Optical modulator, display device and manufacturing method for same |
US20060091824A1 (en) | 2004-10-20 | 2006-05-04 | Pate Michael A | Programmable waveform for lamp ballast |
US20060103912A1 (en) | 2004-10-21 | 2006-05-18 | Seiichi Katoh | Optical deflection device and image projection display apparatus using the same |
US20060109682A1 (en) | 2004-11-22 | 2006-05-25 | Koditech Co., Ltd | Light excitation-diffusion sheet for backlight unit and backlight unit for liquid crystal display using the same |
US20060132383A1 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2006-06-22 | Idc, Llc | System and method for illuminating interferometric modulator display |
CN1272922C (en) | 2000-09-29 | 2006-08-30 | 阿雷伊通讯有限公司 | Method and apparatus for separating multiple users in a shared-channel communication system |
US7113339B2 (en) * | 2003-08-29 | 2006-09-26 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Interferometric modulator and display unit |
US20060227532A1 (en) | 2005-04-06 | 2006-10-12 | Kdt Co. Ltd. | Keypad lighting arrangement |
EP1003062B1 (en) | 1998-06-05 | 2006-11-08 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Light source and display device |
US7138984B1 (en) | 2001-06-05 | 2006-11-21 | Idc, Llc | Directly laminated touch sensitive screen |
US7142347B2 (en) | 2000-08-01 | 2006-11-28 | Cheetah Omni, Llc | Method and system for processing photonic systems using semiconductor devices |
CN1286424C (en) | 2001-03-08 | 2006-11-29 | 戴森技术有限公司 | Wand assembly for domestic appliance |
US20060274243A1 (en) | 2003-04-21 | 2006-12-07 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Liquid crystal display device and electronic apparatus |
US7161728B2 (en) | 2003-12-09 | 2007-01-09 | Idc, Llc | Area array modulation and lead reduction in interferometric modulators |
US7161730B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2007-01-09 | Idc, Llc | System and method for providing thermal compensation for an interferometric modulator display |
US20070031685A1 (en) | 2005-08-03 | 2007-02-08 | Kdt Co. Ltd. | Silicone photoluminescent layer and process for manufacturing the same |
US20070031097A1 (en) | 2003-12-08 | 2007-02-08 | University Of Cincinnati | Light Emissive Signage Devices Based on Lightwave Coupling |
US7198873B2 (en) | 2003-11-18 | 2007-04-03 | Asml Netherlands B.V. | Lithographic processing optimization based on hypersampled correlations |
US7218429B2 (en) | 2000-10-20 | 2007-05-15 | Batchko Robert G | Digital focus lens system |
US20070201234A1 (en) | 2003-07-21 | 2007-08-30 | Clemens Ottermann | Luminous element |
EP1341025B1 (en) | 2002-03-01 | 2007-09-26 | Microsoft Corporation | Reflective microelectrical mechanical structure (mems) optical modulator and optical display system |
US20070247704A1 (en) | 2006-04-21 | 2007-10-25 | Marc Mignard | Method and apparatus for providing brightness control in an interferometric modulator (IMOD) display |
US7304784B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2007-12-04 | Idc, Llc | Reflective display device having viewable display on both sides |
US7336329B2 (en) | 2001-11-08 | 2008-02-26 | Lg.Philips Lcd Co., Ltd. | Liquid crystal display device using holographic diffuser |
US7372449B2 (en) | 2003-09-08 | 2008-05-13 | Fujifilm Corporation | Display device, image display device and display method |
US20080112031A1 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2008-05-15 | Idc, Llc | System and method of implementation of interferometric modulators for display mirrors |
Family Cites Families (120)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2677714A (en) | 1951-09-21 | 1954-05-04 | Alois Vogt Dr | Optical-electrical conversion device comprising a light-permeable metal electrode |
US3247392A (en) | 1961-05-17 | 1966-04-19 | Optical Coating Laboratory Inc | Optical coating and assembly used as a band pass interference filter reflecting in the ultraviolet and infrared |
US4200472A (en) | 1978-06-05 | 1980-04-29 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Solar power system and high efficiency photovoltaic cells used therein |
NL8001281A (en) | 1980-03-04 | 1981-10-01 | Philips Nv | DISPLAY DEVICE. |
DE3109653A1 (en) | 1980-03-31 | 1982-01-28 | Jenoptik Jena Gmbh, Ddr 6900 Jena | "RESONANCE ABSORBER" |
EP0046873A1 (en) | 1980-09-02 | 1982-03-10 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Deformable mirror light modulator |
US4400577A (en) | 1981-07-16 | 1983-08-23 | Spear Reginald G | Thin solar cells |
US4633031A (en) | 1982-09-24 | 1986-12-30 | Todorof William J | Multi-layer thin film, flexible silicon alloy photovoltaic cell |
US4878741A (en) | 1986-09-10 | 1989-11-07 | Manchester R & D Partnership | Liquid crystal color display and method |
JPS62119502A (en) | 1985-11-18 | 1987-05-30 | インタ−ナショナル ビジネス マシ−ンズ コ−ポレ−ション | Spectrum-filter |
GB2198867A (en) * | 1986-12-17 | 1988-06-22 | Philips Electronic Associated | A liquid crystal display illumination system |
JPH01114884A (en) | 1987-10-29 | 1989-05-08 | Toshiba Corp | Color liquid crystal display device |
JPH01108501U (en) | 1988-01-16 | 1989-07-21 | ||
EP0330361B1 (en) | 1988-02-16 | 1993-04-21 | General Electric Company | Color display device |
US4947291A (en) * | 1988-06-17 | 1990-08-07 | Mcdermott Kevin | Lighting device |
US5206747A (en) * | 1988-09-28 | 1993-04-27 | Taliq Corporation | Polymer dispersed liquid crystal display with birefringence of the liquid crystal at least 0.23 |
JPH02151079A (en) | 1988-12-01 | 1990-06-11 | Sharp Corp | Manufacture of solar cell |
US5235437A (en) * | 1989-12-18 | 1993-08-10 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Analog/digital image processor apparatus with liquid crystal light modulator |
US5361190A (en) * | 1990-02-20 | 1994-11-01 | K. W. Muth Co. Inc. | Mirror assembly |
JPH0481816A (en) | 1990-07-25 | 1992-03-16 | Hitachi Ltd | Liquid crystal display device |
JPH04238321A (en) | 1991-01-23 | 1992-08-26 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Liquid crystal display device |
US5356488A (en) | 1991-12-27 | 1994-10-18 | Rudolf Hezel | Solar cell and method for its manufacture |
WO1995012897A1 (en) | 1993-11-05 | 1995-05-11 | Citizen Watch Co., Ltd. | Solar battery device and its manufacture |
JPH0818990A (en) | 1994-06-30 | 1996-01-19 | Canon Inc | Color image projecting device |
JPH08136910A (en) | 1994-11-07 | 1996-05-31 | Hitachi Ltd | Color liquid crystal display device and its production |
US5886688A (en) | 1995-06-02 | 1999-03-23 | National Semiconductor Corporation | Integrated solar panel and liquid crystal display for portable computer or the like |
JP4431196B2 (en) * | 1995-11-06 | 2010-03-10 | アイディーシー エルエルシー | Interferometric modulation |
US7907319B2 (en) | 1995-11-06 | 2011-03-15 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Method and device for modulating light with optical compensation |
JP3869488B2 (en) | 1996-04-17 | 2007-01-17 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | Image display device using hologram color filter |
US5751492A (en) * | 1996-06-14 | 1998-05-12 | Eastman Kodak Company | Diffractive/Refractive lenslet array incorporating a second aspheric surface |
KR100213968B1 (en) | 1996-07-15 | 1999-08-02 | 구자홍 | Liquid crystal display device |
US5710656A (en) | 1996-07-30 | 1998-01-20 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Micromechanical optical modulator having a reduced-mass composite membrane |
US5975703A (en) * | 1996-09-30 | 1999-11-02 | Digital Optics International | Image projection system |
JPH09189910A (en) | 1996-10-28 | 1997-07-22 | Seiko Epson Corp | Color display device |
US6094285A (en) | 1996-12-04 | 2000-07-25 | Trw Inc. | All optical RF signal channelizer |
US6137904A (en) * | 1997-04-04 | 2000-10-24 | Sarnoff Corporation | Method and apparatus for assessing the visibility of differences between two signal sequences |
JP3378465B2 (en) | 1997-05-16 | 2003-02-17 | 株式会社東芝 | Light emitting device |
US6259082B1 (en) | 1997-07-31 | 2001-07-10 | Rohm Co., Ltd. | Image reading apparatus |
JPH11112819A (en) * | 1997-09-30 | 1999-04-23 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Color conversion lookup table, preparation method and device therefor and color conversion method and device for image using the same |
FI107844B (en) | 1997-11-07 | 2001-10-15 | Nokia Display Products Oy | Method for Adjusting Color Temperature in Backlit LCD and Backlit LCD |
US6322901B1 (en) | 1997-11-13 | 2001-11-27 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Highly luminescent color-selective nano-crystalline materials |
JPH11211999A (en) | 1998-01-28 | 1999-08-06 | Teijin Ltd | Optical modulating element and display device |
KR19990074812A (en) * | 1998-03-14 | 1999-10-05 | 윤종용 | Compatible optical pickup device |
CN1142597C (en) | 1998-03-25 | 2004-03-17 | Tdk株式会社 | Solar cell module |
JP3279265B2 (en) * | 1998-03-26 | 2002-04-30 | 株式会社エム・アール・システム研究所 | Image display device |
JP4066503B2 (en) | 1998-04-15 | 2008-03-26 | 凸版印刷株式会社 | Reflective display with solar cells |
CN1272922A (en) | 1998-06-02 | 2000-11-08 | 日本写真印刷株式会社 | Touch screen device with front lighting |
US6421054B1 (en) * | 1998-10-07 | 2002-07-16 | Microsoft Corporation | Methods and apparatus for performing grid fitting and hinting operations |
TWI274204B (en) * | 1999-02-01 | 2007-02-21 | Seiko Epson Corp | Display device, electronic apparatus using the same, and light guider for display devices |
JP3471001B2 (en) * | 1999-04-16 | 2003-11-25 | 富士写真光機株式会社 | Illumination optical system and projection display device using the same |
JP3657143B2 (en) | 1999-04-27 | 2005-06-08 | シャープ株式会社 | Solar cell and manufacturing method thereof |
US6586057B1 (en) | 1999-09-29 | 2003-07-01 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Optical filter comprising transparent support and filter layer containing dye and binder polymer |
JP3805189B2 (en) | 2000-10-30 | 2006-08-02 | コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エレクトロニクス エヌ ヴィ | Liquid crystal display |
US6717348B2 (en) * | 1999-12-09 | 2004-04-06 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Display apparatus |
KR100679095B1 (en) * | 1999-12-10 | 2007-02-05 | 엘지.필립스 엘시디 주식회사 | Transparent Type Display Device Using Micro Light Modulator |
JP3987257B2 (en) | 1999-12-10 | 2007-10-03 | ローム株式会社 | Liquid crystal display |
JP2001188230A (en) * | 1999-12-28 | 2001-07-10 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Liquid crystal display device |
JP2001215501A (en) * | 2000-02-02 | 2001-08-10 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Illumining device and liquid crystal display device |
CN1227751C (en) | 2000-02-17 | 2005-11-16 | Lg电子株式会社 | Organic electroluminescent display board and packaging method thereof |
WO2001066997A2 (en) | 2000-03-06 | 2001-09-13 | Teledyne Lighting And Display Products, Inc. | Lighting apparatus having quantum dot layer |
US6480634B1 (en) * | 2000-05-18 | 2002-11-12 | Silicon Light Machines | Image projector including optical fiber which couples laser illumination to light modulator |
JP2001345458A (en) | 2000-05-30 | 2001-12-14 | Kyocera Corp | Solar cell |
FR2811139B1 (en) | 2000-06-29 | 2003-10-17 | Centre Nat Rech Scient | OPTOELECTRONIC DEVICE WITH INTEGRATED WAVELENGTH FILTERING |
AU2002217585A1 (en) * | 2000-12-21 | 2002-07-01 | Nam Su Jung | Apparatus for turning pages of book |
JP2002229023A (en) | 2001-02-05 | 2002-08-14 | Rohm Co Ltd | Color liquid crystal display device |
US6697403B2 (en) | 2001-04-17 | 2004-02-24 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Light-emitting device and light-emitting apparatus using the same |
JP4526223B2 (en) | 2001-06-29 | 2010-08-18 | シャープ株式会社 | Wiring member, solar cell module and manufacturing method thereof |
JP3760810B2 (en) * | 2001-07-06 | 2006-03-29 | ソニー株式会社 | Light modulation element, GLV device, and laser display |
JP2003021821A (en) | 2001-07-09 | 2003-01-24 | Toshiba Corp | Liquid crystal unit and its driving method |
JP4945059B2 (en) | 2001-07-10 | 2012-06-06 | クアルコム メムス テクノロジーズ インコーポレイテッド | Photonic MEMS and structure |
US7595811B2 (en) * | 2001-07-26 | 2009-09-29 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Environment-complaint image display system, projector, and program |
JP3941548B2 (en) | 2002-03-06 | 2007-07-04 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Liquid crystal display panel, liquid crystal display panel substrate and electronic device |
JP3999081B2 (en) | 2002-01-30 | 2007-10-31 | シャープ株式会社 | Liquid crystal display |
KR20030081662A (en) | 2002-04-12 | 2003-10-22 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | Solar cell with double layer antireflection coating |
US6717650B2 (en) | 2002-05-01 | 2004-04-06 | Anvik Corporation | Maskless lithography with sub-pixel resolution |
US6689949B2 (en) | 2002-05-17 | 2004-02-10 | United Innovations, Inc. | Concentrating photovoltaic cavity converters for extreme solar-to-electric conversion efficiencies |
JP4123415B2 (en) | 2002-05-20 | 2008-07-23 | ソニー株式会社 | Solid-state imaging device |
US20050179675A1 (en) | 2002-05-27 | 2005-08-18 | Koninklijke Phillips Electonics N.C. | Pixel fault masking |
JP4048844B2 (en) | 2002-06-17 | 2008-02-20 | カシオ計算機株式会社 | Surface light source and display device using the same |
US20050041299A1 (en) | 2003-08-20 | 2005-02-24 | Gallas James M. | Light filters using the oxidative polymerization product of 3-hydroxykynurenine (3-OHKyn) |
JP4165165B2 (en) | 2002-09-26 | 2008-10-15 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Liquid crystal display panel and electronic equipment |
US7271790B2 (en) * | 2002-10-11 | 2007-09-18 | Elcos Microdisplay Technology, Inc. | Combined temperature and color-temperature control and compensation method for microdisplay systems |
JP2003255324A (en) | 2002-11-18 | 2003-09-10 | Seiko Epson Corp | Liquid crystal display panel, substrate for liquid crystal display panel and electronic equipment |
US7230594B2 (en) * | 2002-12-16 | 2007-06-12 | Eastman Kodak Company | Color OLED display with improved power efficiency |
JP2004205973A (en) * | 2002-12-26 | 2004-07-22 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Flat plane display element and method of driving the same |
US6871982B2 (en) * | 2003-01-24 | 2005-03-29 | Digital Optics International Corporation | High-density illumination system |
TW577549U (en) | 2003-01-30 | 2004-02-21 | Toppoly Optoelectronics Corp | Back light module for flat display device |
US7176861B2 (en) | 2003-02-24 | 2007-02-13 | Barco N.V. | Pixel structure with optimized subpixel sizes for emissive displays |
DE10329917B4 (en) | 2003-07-02 | 2005-12-22 | Schott Ag | Coated cover glass for photovoltaic modules |
KR101129113B1 (en) | 2003-09-01 | 2012-03-23 | 다이니폰 인사츠 가부시키가이샤 | Antireflection film for plasma display |
WO2005031693A1 (en) * | 2003-09-30 | 2005-04-07 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics, N.V. | Multiple primary color display system and method of display using multiple primary colors |
TW200524236A (en) | 2003-12-01 | 2005-07-16 | Nl Nanosemiconductor Gmbh | Optoelectronic device incorporating an interference filter |
US7855824B2 (en) | 2004-03-06 | 2010-12-21 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Method and system for color optimization in a display |
US7025464B2 (en) | 2004-03-30 | 2006-04-11 | Goldeneye, Inc. | Projection display systems utilizing light emitting diodes and light recycling |
JP2005308871A (en) | 2004-04-19 | 2005-11-04 | Aterio Design Kk | Interference color filter |
WO2006003609A1 (en) * | 2004-07-02 | 2006-01-12 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Color display |
JP2006053191A (en) | 2004-08-09 | 2006-02-23 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Heat developable photosensitive material and image forming method |
JP2006093104A (en) | 2004-08-25 | 2006-04-06 | Seiko Instruments Inc | Lighting system, and display device using the same |
JP2006089509A (en) | 2004-09-21 | 2006-04-06 | Panakku Kogyo Kk | Method of recovering aromatic polycarbonate or its alloy from molded article to mold the same |
US7750886B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2010-07-06 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Methods and devices for lighting displays |
US7710632B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2010-05-04 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Display device having an array of spatial light modulators with integrated color filters |
CN100439967C (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2008-12-03 | Idc公司 | Method and device for multistate interferometric light modulation |
US7719500B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2010-05-18 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Reflective display pixels arranged in non-rectangular arrays |
JP4634129B2 (en) | 2004-12-10 | 2011-02-16 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Light scattering film and optical device using the same |
US20060130889A1 (en) | 2004-12-22 | 2006-06-22 | Motorola, Inc. | Solar panel with optical films |
US7061660B1 (en) * | 2005-04-13 | 2006-06-13 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | MEMs device with feedback control |
US7603001B2 (en) | 2006-02-17 | 2009-10-13 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Method and apparatus for providing back-lighting in an interferometric modulator display device |
US7450295B2 (en) | 2006-03-02 | 2008-11-11 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Methods for producing MEMS with protective coatings using multi-component sacrificial layers |
EP2069838A2 (en) | 2006-10-06 | 2009-06-17 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Illumination device with built-in light coupler |
US8111262B2 (en) * | 2007-05-18 | 2012-02-07 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Interferometric modulator displays with reduced color sensitivity |
JP5478493B2 (en) | 2007-09-17 | 2014-04-23 | クォルコム・メムズ・テクノロジーズ・インコーポレーテッド | Translucent / semi-transmissive light emitting interference device |
US8058549B2 (en) | 2007-10-19 | 2011-11-15 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Photovoltaic devices with integrated color interferometric film stacks |
US20090293955A1 (en) | 2007-11-07 | 2009-12-03 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Photovoltaics with interferometric masks |
KR20100093590A (en) | 2007-12-17 | 2010-08-25 | 퀄컴 엠이엠스 테크놀로지스, 인크. | Photovoltaics with interferometric back side masks |
US7612933B2 (en) * | 2008-03-27 | 2009-11-03 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Microelectromechanical device with spacing layer |
US7660028B2 (en) * | 2008-03-28 | 2010-02-09 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Apparatus and method of dual-mode display |
WO2010044901A1 (en) | 2008-10-16 | 2010-04-22 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Monolithic imod color enhanced photovoltaic cell |
US20100096011A1 (en) | 2008-10-16 | 2010-04-22 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | High efficiency interferometric color filters for photovoltaic modules |
US20100157406A1 (en) | 2008-12-19 | 2010-06-24 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | System and method for matching light source emission to display element reflectivity |
US20100245370A1 (en) | 2009-03-25 | 2010-09-30 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Em shielding for display devices |
-
2005
- 2005-02-04 US US11/051,258 patent/US7710632B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-08-03 AU AU2005203431A patent/AU2005203431A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-08-11 TW TW094127353A patent/TWI388914B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-08-16 JP JP2005235802A patent/JP2006099070A/en active Pending
- 2005-08-17 SG SG200906425-4A patent/SG155986A1/en unknown
- 2005-08-22 CA CA002516578A patent/CA2516578A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-09-02 MX MXPA05009406A patent/MXPA05009406A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-09-14 EP EP05255657A patent/EP1640767A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-09-14 EP EP10176512A patent/EP2256537A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-09-21 KR KR1020050087710A patent/KR101209094B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-09-26 BR BRPI0503865-0A patent/BRPI0503865A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2009
- 2009-11-24 US US12/625,461 patent/US8054528B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2011
- 2011-10-11 US US13/270,759 patent/US8437070B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2012
- 2012-09-19 KR KR1020120103810A patent/KR101227622B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (305)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3443854A (en) | 1963-06-28 | 1969-05-13 | Siemens Ag | Dipole device for electromagnetic wave radiation in micron wavelength ranges |
US3448334A (en) | 1966-09-30 | 1969-06-03 | North American Rockwell | Multicolored e.l. displays using external colored light sources |
US3653741A (en) | 1970-02-16 | 1972-04-04 | Alvin M Marks | Electro-optical dipolar material |
US3725868A (en) | 1970-10-19 | 1973-04-03 | Burroughs Corp | Small reconfigurable processor for a variety of data processing applications |
US4389096A (en) | 1977-12-27 | 1983-06-21 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Image display apparatus of liquid crystal valve projection type |
US4287449A (en) | 1978-02-03 | 1981-09-01 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Light-absorption film for rear electrodes of electroluminescent display panel |
US4377324A (en) | 1980-08-04 | 1983-03-22 | Honeywell Inc. | Graded index Fabry-Perot optical filter device |
US4441791A (en) | 1980-09-02 | 1984-04-10 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Deformable mirror light modulator |
US4832459A (en) | 1984-02-06 | 1989-05-23 | Rogers Corporation | Backlighting for electro-optical passive displays and transflective layer useful therewith |
US5345322A (en) | 1985-03-01 | 1994-09-06 | Manchester R&D Limited Partnership | Complementary color liquid crystal display |
US4859060A (en) | 1985-11-26 | 1989-08-22 | 501 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Variable interferometric device and a process for the production of the same |
US5835255A (en) | 1986-04-23 | 1998-11-10 | Etalon, Inc. | Visible spectrum modulator arrays |
US4790635A (en) | 1986-04-25 | 1988-12-13 | The Secretary Of State For Defence In Her Brittanic Majesty's Government Of The United Kingdom Of Great Britain And Northern Ireland | Electro-optical device |
US4980775A (en) | 1988-07-21 | 1990-12-25 | Magnascreen Corporation | Modular flat-screen television displays and modules and circuit drives therefor |
EP0366117B1 (en) | 1988-10-26 | 1996-07-03 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal apparatus |
US4982184A (en) | 1989-01-03 | 1991-01-01 | General Electric Company | Electrocrystallochromic display and element |
US5192946A (en) | 1989-02-27 | 1993-03-09 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Digitized color video display system |
US5589852A (en) | 1989-02-27 | 1996-12-31 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Apparatus and method for image projection with pixel intensity control |
EP0389031A1 (en) | 1989-03-16 | 1990-09-26 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Colour display device |
US4961617A (en) | 1989-07-19 | 1990-10-09 | Ferrydon Shahidi | Fibre optic waveguide illuminating elements |
US5022745A (en) | 1989-09-07 | 1991-06-11 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Electrostatically deformable single crystal dielectrically coated mirror |
US5044736A (en) | 1990-11-06 | 1991-09-03 | Motorola, Inc. | Configurable optical filter or display |
US5959763A (en) | 1991-03-06 | 1999-09-28 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Spatial light modulator |
US5136669A (en) | 1991-03-15 | 1992-08-04 | Sperry Marine Inc. | Variable ratio fiber optic coupler optical signal processing element |
US5142414A (en) | 1991-04-22 | 1992-08-25 | Koehler Dale R | Electrically actuatable temporal tristimulus-color device |
US5287215A (en) | 1991-07-17 | 1994-02-15 | Optron Systems, Inc. | Membrane light modulation systems |
US5168406A (en) | 1991-07-31 | 1992-12-01 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Color deformable mirror device and method for manufacture |
EP0830032B1 (en) | 1991-12-18 | 2002-03-20 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | White light enhanced colour field sequential projection system |
US5233385A (en) | 1991-12-18 | 1993-08-03 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | White light enhanced color field sequential projection |
US5228013A (en) | 1992-01-10 | 1993-07-13 | Bik Russell J | Clock-painting device and method for indicating the time-of-day with a non-traditional, now analog artistic panel of digital electronic visual displays |
US6381022B1 (en) | 1992-01-22 | 2002-04-30 | Northeastern University | Light modulating device |
US5401983A (en) | 1992-04-08 | 1995-03-28 | Georgia Tech Research Corporation | Processes for lift-off of thin film materials or devices for fabricating three dimensional integrated circuits, optical detectors, and micromechanical devices |
US5311360A (en) | 1992-04-28 | 1994-05-10 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford, Junior University | Method and apparatus for modulating a light beam |
US5398170A (en) | 1992-05-18 | 1995-03-14 | Lee; Song S. | Optical-fiber display with intensive brightness |
US5638084A (en) | 1992-05-22 | 1997-06-10 | Dielectric Systems International, Inc. | Lighting-independent color video display |
US5619365A (en) | 1992-06-08 | 1997-04-08 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Elecronically tunable optical periodic surface filters with an alterable resonant frequency |
US5619366A (en) | 1992-06-08 | 1997-04-08 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Controllable surface filter |
US5293272A (en) | 1992-08-24 | 1994-03-08 | Physical Optics Corporation | High finesse holographic fabry-perot etalon and method of fabricating |
EP0590511A1 (en) | 1992-10-01 | 1994-04-06 | International Business Machines Corporation | Edge-lit transflective non-emissive display |
US5754260A (en) | 1992-10-09 | 1998-05-19 | Ag Technology Co., Ltd. | Projection type color liquid crystal optical apparatus |
US5452385A (en) | 1993-03-09 | 1995-09-19 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Optical scanning device an optical scanning type display and an image data input/output device |
US5986796A (en) | 1993-03-17 | 1999-11-16 | Etalon Inc. | Visible spectrum modulator arrays |
GB2278222A (en) | 1993-05-20 | 1994-11-23 | Sharp Kk | Spatial light modulator |
US5365283A (en) | 1993-07-19 | 1994-11-15 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Color phase control for projection display using spatial light modulator |
US5657099A (en) | 1993-07-19 | 1997-08-12 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Color phase control for projection display using spatial light modulator |
US6057878A (en) | 1993-10-26 | 2000-05-02 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Three-dimensional picture image display apparatus |
US5452024A (en) | 1993-11-01 | 1995-09-19 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | DMD display system |
US5517347A (en) | 1993-12-01 | 1996-05-14 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Direct view deformable mirror device |
US5448314A (en) | 1994-01-07 | 1995-09-05 | Texas Instruments | Method and apparatus for sequential color imaging |
EP0667548A1 (en) | 1994-01-27 | 1995-08-16 | AT&T Corp. | Micromechanical modulator |
US6342970B1 (en) | 1994-03-03 | 2002-01-29 | Unaxis Balzers Aktiengesellschaft | Dielectric interference filter system, LCD-display and CCD-arrangement as well as process for manufacturing a dielectric interference filter system and use of this process |
US5457900A (en) | 1994-03-31 | 1995-10-17 | Roy; Avery J. | Footwear display device |
US6680792B2 (en) | 1994-05-05 | 2004-01-20 | Iridigm Display Corporation | Interferometric modulation of radiation |
US6040937A (en) | 1994-05-05 | 2000-03-21 | Etalon, Inc. | Interferometric modulation |
US20050002082A1 (en) | 1994-05-05 | 2005-01-06 | Miles Mark W. | Interferometric modulation of radiation |
US6867896B2 (en) | 1994-05-05 | 2005-03-15 | Idc, Llc | Interferometric modulation of radiation |
US20040240032A1 (en) | 1994-05-05 | 2004-12-02 | Miles Mark W. | Interferometric modulation of radiation |
US7123216B1 (en) | 1994-05-05 | 2006-10-17 | Idc, Llc | Photonic MEMS and structures |
US20020054424A1 (en) | 1994-05-05 | 2002-05-09 | Etalon, Inc. | Photonic mems and structures |
US20020126364A1 (en) | 1994-05-05 | 2002-09-12 | Iridigm Display Corporation, A Delaware Corporation | Interferometric modulation of radiation |
US6055090A (en) | 1994-05-05 | 2000-04-25 | Etalon, Inc. | Interferometric modulation |
US20070132843A1 (en) | 1994-05-05 | 2007-06-14 | Idc, Llc | Method and system for interferometric modulation in projection or peripheral devices |
US7042643B2 (en) | 1994-05-05 | 2006-05-09 | Idc, Llc | Interferometric modulation of radiation |
US20060028708A1 (en) | 1994-05-05 | 2006-02-09 | Miles Mark W | Method and device for modulating light |
US20070253054A1 (en) | 1994-05-05 | 2007-11-01 | Miles Mark W | Display devices comprising of interferometric modulator and sensor |
US6650455B2 (en) | 1994-05-05 | 2003-11-18 | Iridigm Display Corporation | Photonic mems and structures |
US20020015215A1 (en) | 1994-05-05 | 2002-02-07 | Iridigm Display Corporation, A Delaware Corporation | Interferometric modulation of radiation |
US20020024711A1 (en) | 1994-05-05 | 2002-02-28 | Iridigm Display Corporation, A Delaware Corporation | Interferometric modulation of radiation |
US6674562B1 (en) | 1994-05-05 | 2004-01-06 | Iridigm Display Corporation | Interferometric modulation of radiation |
US20040051929A1 (en) | 1994-05-05 | 2004-03-18 | Sampsell Jeffrey Brian | Separable modulator |
US20020075555A1 (en) | 1994-05-05 | 2002-06-20 | Iridigm Display Corporation | Interferometric modulation of radiation |
US5805117A (en) | 1994-05-12 | 1998-09-08 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Large area tiled modular display system |
US5892598A (en) | 1994-07-15 | 1999-04-06 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Head up display unit, liquid crystal display panel, and method of fabricating the liquid crystal display panel |
EP0695959A1 (en) | 1994-07-29 | 1996-02-07 | AT&T Corp. | Direct view display based on a micromechanical modulator |
US5619059A (en) | 1994-09-28 | 1997-04-08 | National Research Council Of Canada | Color deformable mirror device having optical thin film interference color coatings |
US6243149B1 (en) | 1994-10-27 | 2001-06-05 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Method of imaging using a liquid crystal display device |
US5815229A (en) | 1994-11-21 | 1998-09-29 | Proxima Corporation | Microlens imbedded liquid crystal projection panel including thermal insulation layer |
US5853310A (en) | 1994-11-29 | 1998-12-29 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Method of manufacturing electron-emitting device, electron source and image-forming apparatus |
US5550373A (en) | 1994-12-30 | 1996-08-27 | Honeywell Inc. | Fabry-Perot micro filter-detector |
US5636185A (en) | 1995-03-10 | 1997-06-03 | Boit Incorporated | Dynamically changing liquid crystal display timekeeping apparatus |
US7126738B2 (en) | 1995-05-01 | 2006-10-24 | Idc, Llc | Visible spectrum modulator arrays |
US20050286113A1 (en) | 1995-05-01 | 2005-12-29 | Miles Mark W | Photonic MEMS and structures |
US20030072070A1 (en) | 1995-05-01 | 2003-04-17 | Etalon, Inc., A Ma Corporation | Visible spectrum modulator arrays |
US6046840A (en) | 1995-06-19 | 2000-04-04 | Reflectivity, Inc. | Double substrate reflective spatial light modulator with self-limiting micro-mechanical elements |
US7009754B2 (en) | 1995-06-19 | 2006-03-07 | Reflectivity, Inc | Double substrate reflective spatial light modulator with self-limiting micro-mechanical elements |
US6356378B1 (en) * | 1995-06-19 | 2002-03-12 | Reflectivity, Inc. | Double substrate reflective spatial light modulator |
US6147728A (en) | 1995-07-17 | 2000-11-14 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Reflective color LCD with color filters having particular transmissivity |
US20030083429A1 (en) | 1995-09-28 | 2003-05-01 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Colored articles and compositions and methods for their fabrication |
US5739945A (en) | 1995-09-29 | 1998-04-14 | Tayebati; Parviz | Electrically tunable optical filter utilizing a deformable multi-layer mirror |
US6597490B2 (en) | 1995-09-29 | 2003-07-22 | Coretek, Inc. | Electrically tunable fabry-perot structure utilizing a deformable multi-layer mirror and method of making the same |
US5933183A (en) | 1995-12-12 | 1999-08-03 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Color spatial light modulator and color printer using the same |
US5737115A (en) | 1995-12-15 | 1998-04-07 | Xerox Corporation | Additive color tristate light valve twisting ball display |
US5745281A (en) | 1995-12-29 | 1998-04-28 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Electrostatically-driven light modulator and display |
US5771321A (en) | 1996-01-04 | 1998-06-23 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Micromechanical optical switch and flat panel display |
US5991073A (en) | 1996-01-26 | 1999-11-23 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Autostereoscopic display including a viewing window that may receive black view data |
EP0786911B1 (en) | 1996-01-26 | 2003-09-10 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Autostereoscopic display |
DE19622748A1 (en) | 1996-06-05 | 1997-12-11 | Forschungszentrum Juelich Gmbh | Interference filter based on porous silicon |
JP2000514568A (en) | 1996-06-05 | 2000-10-31 | フォルシュングスツェントルム・ユーリッヒ・ゲゼルシャフト・ミト・ベシュレンクテル・ハフツング | Interference membrane filters based on porous silicon |
EP0822441A3 (en) | 1996-08-01 | 1998-12-30 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Optical device and directional display |
US20010003487A1 (en) | 1996-11-05 | 2001-06-14 | Mark W. Miles | Visible spectrum modulator arrays |
US5868480A (en) | 1996-12-17 | 1999-02-09 | Compaq Computer Corporation | Image projection apparatus for producing an image supplied by parallel transmitted colored light |
GB2321532A (en) | 1997-01-22 | 1998-07-29 | Sharp Kk | Multi-colour reflector device and display |
EP0855745A3 (en) | 1997-01-24 | 1999-04-14 | Eastman Kodak Company | Method of making color filter arrays |
FR2760559B1 (en) | 1997-03-07 | 1999-05-28 | Sextant Avionique | LIQUID CRYSTAL MATRIX SCREEN WITH DISSYMMETRICAL COLORED PIXELS |
US20010019479A1 (en) | 1997-05-13 | 2001-09-06 | Koki Nakabayashi | Illuminating system |
US6031653A (en) | 1997-08-28 | 2000-02-29 | California Institute Of Technology | Low-cost thin-metal-film interference filters |
US6088102A (en) | 1997-10-31 | 2000-07-11 | Silicon Light Machines | Display apparatus including grating light-valve array and interferometric optical system |
US6285424B1 (en) | 1997-11-07 | 2001-09-04 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | Black mask, color filter and liquid crystal display |
US6028690A (en) | 1997-11-26 | 2000-02-22 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Reduced micromirror mirror gaps for improved contrast ratio |
JPH11174234A (en) | 1997-12-05 | 1999-07-02 | Victor Co Of Japan Ltd | Hologram color filter, manufacture of hologram color filter and spatial light modulation device using the same |
US20010049061A1 (en) | 1997-12-05 | 2001-12-06 | Shintaro Nakagaki | Method for producing hologram lens, method for producing hologram color filter, and space light modulating apparatuses using the hologram lens and the hologram color filter respectively |
US5914804A (en) | 1998-01-28 | 1999-06-22 | Lucent Technologies Inc | Double-cavity micromechanical optical modulator with plural multilayer mirrors |
US6195196B1 (en) | 1998-03-13 | 2001-02-27 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Array-type exposing device and flat type display incorporating light modulator and driving method thereof |
WO1999052006A2 (en) | 1998-04-08 | 1999-10-14 | Etalon, Inc. | Interferometric modulation of radiation |
US6967779B2 (en) | 1998-04-15 | 2005-11-22 | Bright View Technologies, Inc. | Micro-lens array with precisely aligned aperture mask and methods of producing same |
US6282010B1 (en) | 1998-05-14 | 2001-08-28 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Anti-reflective coatings for spatial light modulators |
EP1003062B1 (en) | 1998-06-05 | 2006-11-08 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Light source and display device |
EP1014161B1 (en) | 1998-06-25 | 2001-12-19 | Citizen Watch Co. Ltd. | Reflective liquid crystal display |
US6483613B1 (en) | 1998-08-04 | 2002-11-19 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Reflective display device and a light source for a display device |
JP2000075293A (en) | 1998-09-02 | 2000-03-14 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Illuminator, touch panel with illumination and reflective liquid crystal display device |
US6113239A (en) | 1998-09-04 | 2000-09-05 | Sharp Laboratories Of America, Inc. | Projection display system for reflective light valves |
US6323834B1 (en) | 1998-10-08 | 2001-11-27 | International Business Machines Corporation | Micromechanical displays and fabrication method |
US6288824B1 (en) | 1998-11-03 | 2001-09-11 | Alex Kastalsky | Display device based on grating electromechanical shutter |
US6412969B1 (en) | 1998-12-14 | 2002-07-02 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Backlighting device and a method of manufacturing the same, and a liquid crystal display apparatus |
JP2000193933A (en) | 1998-12-25 | 2000-07-14 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Display device |
US6301000B1 (en) | 1999-01-11 | 2001-10-09 | Kenneth Carlisle Johnson | Dual-flexure light valve |
US6642913B1 (en) | 1999-01-20 | 2003-11-04 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Light modulation element, exposure unit, and flat-panel display unit |
US20020154215A1 (en) | 1999-02-25 | 2002-10-24 | Envision Advance Medical Systems Ltd. | Optical device |
US6636322B1 (en) | 1999-05-07 | 2003-10-21 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Method and device for measuring cell gap of liquid crystal display using near-IR radiation |
US6657611B1 (en) | 1999-05-12 | 2003-12-02 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | White color selection of display information |
US6773126B1 (en) | 1999-05-28 | 2004-08-10 | Oy Modilis Ltd. | Light panel with improved diffraction |
US6201633B1 (en) | 1999-06-07 | 2001-03-13 | Xerox Corporation | Micro-electromechanical based bistable color display sheets |
US6597419B1 (en) | 1999-07-02 | 2003-07-22 | Minolta Co., Ltd. | Liquid crystal display including filter means with 10-70% transmittance in the selective reflection wavelength range |
US6862029B1 (en) | 1999-07-27 | 2005-03-01 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Color display system |
EP1081633A2 (en) | 1999-08-31 | 2001-03-07 | Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Touch panel and display device using the same |
EP1089115A1 (en) | 1999-10-02 | 2001-04-04 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Optical device and projection display |
US20030043157A1 (en) | 1999-10-05 | 2003-03-06 | Iridigm Display Corporation | Photonic MEMS and structures |
US7110158B2 (en) | 1999-10-05 | 2006-09-19 | Idc, Llc | Photonic MEMS and structures |
US7483197B2 (en) | 1999-10-05 | 2009-01-27 | Idc, Llc | Photonic MEMS and structures |
US20060250337A1 (en) | 1999-10-05 | 2006-11-09 | Miles Mark W | Photonic MEMS and structures |
US6549338B1 (en) | 1999-11-12 | 2003-04-15 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Bandpass filter to reduce thermal impact of dichroic light shift |
US6466358B2 (en) | 1999-12-30 | 2002-10-15 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Analog pulse width modulation cell for digital micromechanical device |
US20010019380A1 (en) | 2000-03-03 | 2001-09-06 | Takayuki Ishihara | Lighting unit and liquid crystal display utilizing the same |
US6400738B1 (en) | 2000-04-14 | 2002-06-04 | Agilent Technologies, Inc. | Tunable Fabry-Perot filters and lasers |
US20030210363A1 (en) | 2000-04-21 | 2003-11-13 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Electrooptical device, projection-type display apparatus, and method for manufacturing the electrooptical device |
US20020006044A1 (en) | 2000-05-04 | 2002-01-17 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Assembly of a display device and an illumination system |
US6570584B1 (en) | 2000-05-15 | 2003-05-27 | Eastman Kodak Company | Broad color gamut display |
JP2001343514A (en) | 2000-05-30 | 2001-12-14 | Victor Co Of Japan Ltd | Hologram color filter |
US6598987B1 (en) | 2000-06-15 | 2003-07-29 | Nokia Mobile Phones Limited | Method and apparatus for distributing light to the user interface of an electronic device |
US6798469B2 (en) | 2000-06-15 | 2004-09-28 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Optical element, optical light source unit and optical display device equipped with the optical light source unit |
US20010055208A1 (en) | 2000-06-15 | 2001-12-27 | Koichi Kimura | Optical element, optical light source unit and optical display device equipped with the optical light source unit |
US20030107692A1 (en) | 2000-06-27 | 2003-06-12 | Citizen Watch Co., Ltd. | Liquid crystal display device |
US6853129B1 (en) | 2000-07-28 | 2005-02-08 | Candescent Technologies Corporation | Protected substrate structure for a field emission display device |
US7142347B2 (en) | 2000-08-01 | 2006-11-28 | Cheetah Omni, Llc | Method and system for processing photonic systems using semiconductor devices |
JP2002062505A (en) | 2000-08-14 | 2002-02-28 | Canon Inc | Projection type display deice and interference modulation element used therefor |
US6643069B2 (en) | 2000-08-31 | 2003-11-04 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | SLM-base color projection display having multiple SLM's and multiple projection lenses |
WO2002024570A1 (en) | 2000-09-25 | 2002-03-28 | Bookham Technology Plc | Micro electro-mechanical systems |
CN1272922C (en) | 2000-09-29 | 2006-08-30 | 阿雷伊通讯有限公司 | Method and apparatus for separating multiple users in a shared-channel communication system |
US7218429B2 (en) | 2000-10-20 | 2007-05-15 | Batchko Robert G | Digital focus lens system |
EP1205782A3 (en) | 2000-11-01 | 2002-05-29 | Agilent Technologies, Inc. (a Delaware corporation) | Optically tunable Fabry-Perot micro-electromechanical resonator |
US20020080465A1 (en) | 2000-11-03 | 2002-06-27 | Intpax, Inc. | MEMS based variable optical attenuator (MBVOA) |
JP2002174780A (en) | 2000-12-08 | 2002-06-21 | Stanley Electric Co Ltd | Reflection type color display device |
US20020106182A1 (en) | 2001-02-02 | 2002-08-08 | Minebea Co., Ltd. | Spread illuminating apparatus with cover provided over transparent substrate |
JP2002245835A (en) | 2001-02-15 | 2002-08-30 | Minolta Co Ltd | Illumination device, display device, and electronic equipment |
WO2002071132A2 (en) | 2001-03-02 | 2002-09-12 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Methods and apparatus for diffractive optical processing using an actuatable structure |
CN1286424C (en) | 2001-03-08 | 2006-11-29 | 戴森技术有限公司 | Wand assembly for domestic appliance |
JP2002287047A (en) | 2001-03-23 | 2002-10-03 | Seiko Epson Corp | Optical switching element, optical switching device, methods for manufacturing them and picture display device |
US20020149584A1 (en) | 2001-04-13 | 2002-10-17 | Simpson John T. | Reflective coherent spatial light modulator |
CN1381752A (en) | 2001-04-16 | 2002-11-27 | 日东电工株式会社 | Contact screen with lighting device and reflection liquid crystal display unit |
EP1251454A3 (en) | 2001-04-16 | 2003-09-17 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Touch panel including illuminator and reflective liquid-crystal display device |
US7138984B1 (en) | 2001-06-05 | 2006-11-21 | Idc, Llc | Directly laminated touch sensitive screen |
US20020191130A1 (en) | 2001-06-19 | 2002-12-19 | Wei-Chen Liang | Color display utilizing combinations of four colors |
EP1271223A2 (en) | 2001-06-28 | 2003-01-02 | Nokia Corporation | Electronic display |
US6822628B2 (en) | 2001-06-28 | 2004-11-23 | Candescent Intellectual Property Services, Inc. | Methods and systems for compensating row-to-row brightness variations of a field emission display |
US20030011864A1 (en) | 2001-07-16 | 2003-01-16 | Axsun Technologies, Inc. | Tilt mirror fabry-perot filter system, fabrication process therefor, and method of operation thereof |
US6806924B2 (en) | 2001-09-19 | 2004-10-19 | Optrex Corporation | Liquid crystal display element |
CN1409157A (en) | 2001-09-19 | 2003-04-09 | 奥博特瑞克斯株式会社 | Liquid crystal display element |
EP1298635A3 (en) | 2001-09-19 | 2006-03-29 | Optrex Corporation | Liquid crystal display element |
US20040233357A1 (en) | 2001-10-02 | 2004-11-25 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display device |
US6870581B2 (en) | 2001-10-30 | 2005-03-22 | Sharp Laboratories Of America, Inc. | Single panel color video projection display using reflective banded color falling-raster illumination |
US6841787B2 (en) | 2001-11-07 | 2005-01-11 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Maskless photon-electron spot-grid array printer |
US7336329B2 (en) | 2001-11-08 | 2008-02-26 | Lg.Philips Lcd Co., Ltd. | Liquid crystal display device using holographic diffuser |
US6885377B2 (en) | 2001-11-19 | 2005-04-26 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Image data output controller using double buffering |
US20030095401A1 (en) | 2001-11-20 | 2003-05-22 | Palm, Inc. | Non-visible light display illumination system and method |
US7072096B2 (en) | 2001-12-14 | 2006-07-04 | Digital Optics International, Corporation | Uniform illumination system |
US20040080938A1 (en) | 2001-12-14 | 2004-04-29 | Digital Optics International Corporation | Uniform illumination system |
US20030151821A1 (en) | 2001-12-19 | 2003-08-14 | Favalora Gregg E. | Radiation conditioning system |
EP1336876A1 (en) | 2002-02-05 | 2003-08-20 | Alps Electric Co., Ltd. | Illumination device having a single light source and liquid crystal display device |
US20030161040A1 (en) | 2002-02-26 | 2003-08-28 | Namco Ltd. | Stereoscopic image display device and electronic apparatus |
US6574033B1 (en) | 2002-02-27 | 2003-06-03 | Iridigm Display Corporation | Microelectromechanical systems device and method for fabricating same |
US20030160919A1 (en) | 2002-02-28 | 2003-08-28 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display device |
EP1341025B1 (en) | 2002-03-01 | 2007-09-26 | Microsoft Corporation | Reflective microelectrical mechanical structure (mems) optical modulator and optical display system |
US20030169385A1 (en) | 2002-03-05 | 2003-09-11 | Citizen Electronics Co., Ltd. | Illumination device for a color liquid crystal display |
US20030179383A1 (en) | 2002-03-21 | 2003-09-25 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Fabry-perot filter apparatus with enhanced optical discrimination |
US6768555B2 (en) * | 2002-03-21 | 2004-07-27 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Fabry-Perot filter apparatus with enhanced optical discrimination |
JP2003315694A (en) | 2002-04-25 | 2003-11-06 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Image display element and image display device using the same |
JP2003315732A (en) | 2002-04-25 | 2003-11-06 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Image display device |
US20030214621A1 (en) * | 2002-05-17 | 2003-11-20 | Lg.Philips Lcd Co., Ltd. | Liquid crystal display and a fabricating method thereof |
US6738194B1 (en) | 2002-07-22 | 2004-05-18 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Resonance tunable optical filter |
US20040017599A1 (en) | 2002-07-29 | 2004-01-29 | Xiaofeng Yang | Micro-mirror with rotor structure |
US20040027315A1 (en) | 2002-08-09 | 2004-02-12 | Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. | Display including a plurality of display panels |
EP1389775A2 (en) | 2002-08-09 | 2004-02-18 | Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. | Display including a plurality of display panels |
US20040114242A1 (en) | 2002-09-06 | 2004-06-17 | Sharp Gary D. | Filter for enhancing vision and/or protecting the eyes and method of making a filter |
US20040115339A1 (en) | 2002-09-19 | 2004-06-17 | Nobuyuki Ito | Method and apparatus for manufacturing organic EL display and color filter by ink jet method |
US20040066477A1 (en) * | 2002-09-19 | 2004-04-08 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Liquid crystal display device |
US20040125048A1 (en) | 2002-09-20 | 2004-07-01 | Toshihiro Fukuda | Display element , display device, and microlens array |
US20040070711A1 (en) | 2002-10-11 | 2004-04-15 | Chi-Jain Wen | Double-sided LCD panel |
US6747785B2 (en) | 2002-10-24 | 2004-06-08 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | MEMS-actuated color light modulator and methods |
US20040080807A1 (en) | 2002-10-24 | 2004-04-29 | Zhizhang Chen | Mems-actuated color light modulator and methods |
EP1413543A1 (en) | 2002-10-24 | 2004-04-28 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Micro electro mechanical (MEMS) actuated colour light modulator grating and method for its manufacture |
US6825969B2 (en) | 2002-10-24 | 2004-11-30 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | MEMS-actuated color light modulator and methods |
US20040174583A1 (en) | 2002-10-24 | 2004-09-09 | Zhizhang Chen | MEMS-actuated color light modulator and methods |
US20040100594A1 (en) | 2002-11-26 | 2004-05-27 | Reflectivity, Inc., A California Corporation | Spatial light modulators with light absorbing areas |
US20050010568A1 (en) | 2002-11-29 | 2005-01-13 | Casio Computer Co., Ltd. | Portable wireless communication terminal, picked-up image editing apparatus, and picked-up image editing method |
JP2004206049A (en) | 2002-12-25 | 2004-07-22 | Prime View Internatl Co Ltd | Light interference type color display |
US20040125281A1 (en) | 2002-12-25 | 2004-07-01 | Wen-Jian Lin | Optical interference type of color display |
US7038752B2 (en) | 2002-12-25 | 2006-05-02 | Prime View International Co, Ltd | Optical interference type of color display |
US20050024557A1 (en) | 2002-12-25 | 2005-02-03 | Wen-Jian Lin | Optical interference type of color display |
US6912022B2 (en) | 2002-12-27 | 2005-06-28 | Prime View International Co., Ltd. | Optical interference color display and optical interference modulator |
JP2004212673A (en) | 2002-12-27 | 2004-07-29 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Planar display device and its driving method |
US20040125282A1 (en) | 2002-12-27 | 2004-07-01 | Wen-Jian Lin | Optical interference color display and optical interference modulator |
JP2004212922A (en) | 2002-12-27 | 2004-07-29 | Prime View Internatl Co Ltd | Optical interference type color display and optical interference type modulator |
US7034981B2 (en) | 2003-01-16 | 2006-04-25 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Optical modulator, display device and manufacturing method for same |
US6930816B2 (en) | 2003-01-17 | 2005-08-16 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Spatial light modulator, spatial light modulator array, image forming device and flat panel display |
US7172915B2 (en) | 2003-01-29 | 2007-02-06 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies Co., Ltd. | Optical-interference type display panel and method for making the same |
US20040147198A1 (en) | 2003-01-29 | 2004-07-29 | Prime View International Co., Ltd. | Optical-interference type display panel and method for making the same |
US6999236B2 (en) | 2003-01-29 | 2006-02-14 | Prime View International Co., Ltd. | Optical-interference type reflective panel and method for making the same |
US20040145811A1 (en) | 2003-01-29 | 2004-07-29 | Prime View International Co., Ltd. | Optical-interference type reflective panel and method for making the same |
EP1450418A2 (en) | 2003-02-19 | 2004-08-25 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toyoda Jidoshokki | Area light emitting device, method for manufacturing the same, and liquid crystal display unit |
US20050168849A1 (en) | 2003-04-21 | 2005-08-04 | Prime View International Co., Ltd. | Method for fabricating an interference display unit |
US7016095B2 (en) | 2003-04-21 | 2006-03-21 | Prime View International Co., Ltd. | Method for fabricating an interference display unit |
US20040207897A1 (en) | 2003-04-21 | 2004-10-21 | Wen-Jian Lin | Method for fabricating an interference display unit |
US20040209192A1 (en) | 2003-04-21 | 2004-10-21 | Prime View International Co., Ltd. | Method for fabricating an interference display unit |
US20060274243A1 (en) | 2003-04-21 | 2006-12-07 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Liquid crystal display device and electronic apparatus |
US6882458B2 (en) | 2003-04-21 | 2005-04-19 | Prime View International Co., Ltd. | Structure of an optical interference display cell |
US6995890B2 (en) | 2003-04-21 | 2006-02-07 | Prime View International Co., Ltd. | Interference display unit |
US20040209195A1 (en) | 2003-04-21 | 2004-10-21 | Wen-Jian Lin | Method for fabricating an interference display unit |
US20040218251A1 (en) | 2003-04-30 | 2004-11-04 | Arthur Piehl | Optical interference pixel display with charge control |
US20040217919A1 (en) | 2003-04-30 | 2004-11-04 | Arthur Piehl | Self-packaged optical interference display device having anti-stiction bumps, integral micro-lens, and reflection-absorbing layers |
US7072093B2 (en) | 2003-04-30 | 2006-07-04 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Optical interference pixel display with charge control |
US20040233503A1 (en) | 2003-05-23 | 2004-11-25 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Transmissive spatial light modulator and method of manufacturing the same |
US6811267B1 (en) | 2003-06-09 | 2004-11-02 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Display system with nonvisible data projection |
US6822780B1 (en) | 2003-06-23 | 2004-11-23 | Northrop Grumman Corporation | Vertically stacked spatial light modulator with multi-bit phase resolution |
US6917469B2 (en) | 2003-06-27 | 2005-07-12 | Japan Acryace Co., Ltd. | Light diffusing laminated plate |
US20070201234A1 (en) | 2003-07-21 | 2007-08-30 | Clemens Ottermann | Luminous element |
US7002726B2 (en) | 2003-07-24 | 2006-02-21 | Reflectivity, Inc. | Micromirror having reduced space between hinge and mirror plate of the micromirror |
US20050036192A1 (en) | 2003-08-15 | 2005-02-17 | Wen-Jian Lin | Optical interference display panel |
US20050035699A1 (en) | 2003-08-15 | 2005-02-17 | Hsiung-Kuang Tsai | Optical interference display panel |
US20050036095A1 (en) | 2003-08-15 | 2005-02-17 | Jia-Jiun Yeh | Color-changeable pixels of an optical interference display panel |
US6999225B2 (en) | 2003-08-15 | 2006-02-14 | Prime View International Co, Ltd. | Optical interference display panel |
US20050042117A1 (en) | 2003-08-18 | 2005-02-24 | Wen-Jian Lin | Optical interference display panel and manufacturing method thereof |
US6880959B2 (en) | 2003-08-25 | 2005-04-19 | Timothy K. Houston | Vehicle illumination guide |
US20050046948A1 (en) | 2003-08-26 | 2005-03-03 | Wen-Jian Lin | Interference display cell and fabrication method thereof |
US20050057442A1 (en) | 2003-08-28 | 2005-03-17 | Olan Way | Adjacent display of sequential sub-images |
US7113339B2 (en) * | 2003-08-29 | 2006-09-26 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Interferometric modulator and display unit |
US7372449B2 (en) | 2003-09-08 | 2008-05-13 | Fujifilm Corporation | Display device, image display device and display method |
US20050068606A1 (en) | 2003-09-26 | 2005-03-31 | Prime View International Co., Ltd. | Color changeable pixel |
US20050068605A1 (en) | 2003-09-26 | 2005-03-31 | Prime View International Co., Ltd. | Color changeable pixel |
US7006272B2 (en) | 2003-09-26 | 2006-02-28 | Prime View International Co., Ltd. | Color changeable pixel |
US20050069209A1 (en) | 2003-09-26 | 2005-03-31 | Niranjan Damera-Venkata | Generating and displaying spatially offset sub-frames |
US6982820B2 (en) | 2003-09-26 | 2006-01-03 | Prime View International Co., Ltd. | Color changeable pixel |
US20050083352A1 (en) | 2003-10-21 | 2005-04-21 | Higgins Michael F. | Method and apparatus for converting from a source color space to a target color space |
US7198873B2 (en) | 2003-11-18 | 2007-04-03 | Asml Netherlands B.V. | Lithographic processing optimization based on hypersampled correlations |
US20050120553A1 (en) | 2003-12-08 | 2005-06-09 | Brown Dirk D. | Method for forming MEMS grid array connector |
US20070031097A1 (en) | 2003-12-08 | 2007-02-08 | University Of Cincinnati | Light Emissive Signage Devices Based on Lightwave Coupling |
US7489428B2 (en) | 2003-12-09 | 2009-02-10 | Idc, Llc | Area array modulation and lead reduction in interferometric modulators |
US7161728B2 (en) | 2003-12-09 | 2007-01-09 | Idc, Llc | Area array modulation and lead reduction in interferometric modulators |
US20080112039A1 (en) | 2004-02-03 | 2008-05-15 | Idc, Llc | Spatial light modulator with integrated optical compensation structure |
US20050179977A1 (en) | 2004-02-03 | 2005-08-18 | Clarence Chui | Spatial light modulator with integrated optical compensation structure |
US20080151347A1 (en) | 2004-02-03 | 2008-06-26 | Idc, Llc | Spatial light modulator with integrated optical compensation structure |
US7342705B2 (en) | 2004-02-03 | 2008-03-11 | Idc, Llc | Spatial light modulator with integrated optical compensation structure |
US20050195462A1 (en) | 2004-03-05 | 2005-09-08 | Prime View International Co., Ltd. | Interference display plate and manufacturing method thereof |
US20050253820A1 (en) | 2004-05-12 | 2005-11-17 | Shimano Inc. | Cycle computer display apparatus |
US20060002141A1 (en) | 2004-06-30 | 2006-01-05 | Ouderkirk Andrew J | Phosphor based illumination system having a short pass reflector and method of making same |
US20060001942A1 (en) | 2004-07-02 | 2006-01-05 | Clarence Chui | Interferometric modulators with thin film transistors |
US20060022966A1 (en) | 2004-07-29 | 2006-02-02 | Mar Eugene J | Method and system for controlling the output of a diffractive light device |
US20060067633A1 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2006-03-30 | Gally Brian J | Device and method for wavelength filtering |
US20060066586A1 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2006-03-30 | Gally Brian J | Touchscreens for displays |
US20060132383A1 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2006-06-22 | Idc, Llc | System and method for illuminating interferometric modulator display |
US20090086301A1 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2009-04-02 | Idc, Llc | Display element having filter material diffused in a substrate of the display element |
EP1640779A2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2006-03-29 | Idc, Llc | Method and device for reflectance with a predetermined spectral response |
EP1640761A1 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2006-03-29 | Idc, Llc | Method and device for manipulating color in a display |
US7161730B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2007-01-09 | Idc, Llc | System and method for providing thermal compensation for an interferometric modulator display |
US20060077149A1 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2006-04-13 | Gally Brian J | Method and device for manipulating color in a display |
US20060067651A1 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2006-03-30 | Clarence Chui | Photonic MEMS and structures |
US20060077148A1 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2006-04-13 | Gally Brian J | Method and device for manipulating color in a display |
EP1640313A3 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2007-03-07 | Idc, Llc | Apparatus and method for reducing perceived color shift |
US20060077124A1 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2006-04-13 | Gally Brian J | Method and device for manipulating color in a display |
US20060077127A1 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2006-04-13 | Sampsell Jeffrey B | Controller and driver features for bi-stable display |
US20060077125A1 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2006-04-13 | Idc, Llc. A Delaware Limited Liability Company | Method and device for generating white in an interferometric modulator display |
EP1767981A3 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2007-06-27 | Idc, Llc | Method and device for manipulating color in a display |
US20060077122A1 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2006-04-13 | Gally Brian J | Apparatus and method for reducing perceived color shift |
US20060066557A1 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2006-03-30 | Floyd Philip D | Method and device for reflective display with time sequential color illumination |
US20060066935A1 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2006-03-30 | Cummings William J | Process for modifying offset voltage characteristics of an interferometric modulator |
US20060066641A1 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2006-03-30 | Gally Brian J | Method and device for manipulating color in a display |
US7304784B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2007-12-04 | Idc, Llc | Reflective display device having viewable display on both sides |
US20060067600A1 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2006-03-30 | Gally Brian J | Display element having filter material diffused in a substrate of the display element |
US20060066541A1 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2006-03-30 | Gally Brian J | Method and device for manipulating color in a display |
US20080112031A1 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2008-05-15 | Idc, Llc | System and method of implementation of interferometric modulators for display mirrors |
US20060091824A1 (en) | 2004-10-20 | 2006-05-04 | Pate Michael A | Programmable waveform for lamp ballast |
US20060103912A1 (en) | 2004-10-21 | 2006-05-18 | Seiichi Katoh | Optical deflection device and image projection display apparatus using the same |
US20060109682A1 (en) | 2004-11-22 | 2006-05-25 | Koditech Co., Ltd | Light excitation-diffusion sheet for backlight unit and backlight unit for liquid crystal display using the same |
US20060227532A1 (en) | 2005-04-06 | 2006-10-12 | Kdt Co. Ltd. | Keypad lighting arrangement |
US20070031685A1 (en) | 2005-08-03 | 2007-02-08 | Kdt Co. Ltd. | Silicone photoluminescent layer and process for manufacturing the same |
US20070247704A1 (en) | 2006-04-21 | 2007-10-25 | Marc Mignard | Method and apparatus for providing brightness control in an interferometric modulator (IMOD) display |
Non-Patent Citations (138)
Title |
---|
"CIE Color System," from website hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu.hbase/vision/cie.html, (Cited in Notice of Allowance mailed Jan. 11, 2008 in U.S. Appl. No. 11/188,197; Examiner stated that no date was available. However the citation was available on internet prior to Dec. 30, 2007). |
Advisory Action in U.S. Appl. No. 11/077,974 dated Aug. 31, 2009. |
Amendment and Response dated Jun. 20, 2008 in U.S. Appl. No. 11/408,753. |
Amendment and Response in U.S. Appl. No. 11/064,143 dated Sep. 25, 2009. |
Amendment and Response in U.S. Appl. No. 11/077,974 dated Feb. 2, 2009. |
Amendment and Response in U.S. Appl. No. 11/208,085 dated Jun. 8, 2009. |
Amendment and Response in U.S. Appl. No. 12/014,657 dated Nov. 21, 2008. |
Amendment and Response in U.S. Appl. No. 12/034,499 dated Oct. 8, 2008. |
Amendment and Response to Office Action dated Jul. 3, 2007, dated Jan. 2, 2008 in U.S. Appl. No. 11/408,753. |
Amendment and Response to Office Action in U.S. Appl. No. 11/408,753 dated Jun. 20, 2008. |
Amendment in Reply to Office Communication from the USPTO for U.S. Appl. No. 10/249,244 dated Nov. 15, 2004. |
Amendment in Reply to Office Communication from the USPTO for U.S. Appl. No. 11/036,965 dated Jun. 27, 2006. |
Amendment in Reply to Office Communication from the USPTO for U.S. Appl. No. 11/036,965 dated Jun. 29, 2007. |
Amendment in Reply to Office Communication from the USPTO for U.S. Appl. No. 11/036,965 dated Oct. 17, 2006. |
Amendment in Reply to Office Communication from the USPTO for U.S. Appl. No. 11/408,753 dated Apr. 18, 2007. |
Amendment in U.S. Appl. No. 11/077,974 dated Aug. 10, 2009. |
Amendment in U.S. Appl. No. 12/014,657 dated Jun. 5, 2009. |
Amendment under 37 CFR 1.312 in U.S. Appl. No. 11/408,753 dated Oct. 2, 2009. |
Aratani, et al., "Process and Design Considerations for Surface Micromachined Beams for a Tuneable Interferometer Array in Silicon," Proc. IEEE Microelectromechanical Workshop, Fort Lauderdale, FL, pp. 230-235 (Feb. 1993). |
Aratani, et. al., "Surface micromachined tuneable interferometer array", Sensors and Actuators A, vol. A43, No. 1/3, May 1, 1994, pp. 17-23. |
Aratani, K. et al. "Surface Micromachined Tuneable Interferometer Array", Sensors and Actuators A-Physical, Sequoia S.A., Lausanne, Ch, vol. A43, No. 1/3 May 1, 1994, pp. 17-23. |
Austrian Search Report in U.S. Appl. No. 11/036,965 mailed Jul. 25, 2005. |
Austrian Search Report in U.S. Appl. No. 11/051,258 mailed May 13, 2005. |
Austrian Search Report in U.S. Appl. No. 11/064,143 mailed Aug. 12, 2005. |
Austrian Search Report in U.S. Appl. No. 11/077,974 mailed Jul. 14, 2005. |
Austrian Search Report in U.S. Appl. No. 11/083,841 mailed Jul. 14, 2005. |
Austrian Search Report in U.S. Appl. No. 11/118,110 mailed Aug. 12, 2005. |
Austrian Search Report in U.S. Appl. No. 11/118,605 mailed Jul. 14, 2005. |
Austrian Search Report in U.S. Appl. No. 11/140,561 mailed Jul. 12, 2005. |
Communication from the Japanese Patent Office in Japanese App. No. 2005-265709 dated Jun. 30, 2009. |
Communication from the Japanese Patent Office in Japanese App. No. 2006-552191 dated Sep. 8, 2009. |
Conner, "Hybrid Color Display Using Optical Interference Filter Array," SID Digest, pp. 577-580 (1993). |
Decision of Rejection in Japanese App. No. 2005 235802 dated Nov. 19, 2009. |
European Search Report dated Jan. 19, 2006 in European Application No. 05 25 56 35 (European Publication No. EP 1640761). |
European Search Report dated Jan. 4, 2006 in European Application No. 05 25 56 36. |
Extended European Search Report for European Application No. 05255638.8 dated May 4, 2006. |
Extended European Search Report for European Application No. 05255646.1 dated Feb. 6, 2007. |
Extended European Search Report in European App. No. 05255714.7 (Publication No. EP 1 640 779) dated Apr. 14, 2009. |
Extended European Search Report in European Application No. 06 07 7032 dated May 5, 2007 (European Publication No. EP 1767981). |
Extended European Search Report, Dec. 7, 2005, European Patent Office. |
Fan, et al., "Channel Drop Filters in Photonic Crystals", Optics Express, vol. 3, No. 1, 1998. |
Giles, et al., "Silicon MEMS Optical Switch Attenuator and Its Use in Lightwave Subsystems", IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quanum Electronics, vol. 5, No. 1, Jan./Feb. 1999,pp. 18-25. |
Goossen, et al., "Silicon Modulator Based on Mechanically-Active Anti-Reflection Layer with 1Mbit/sec Capability for Fiber-in-the-Loop Applications," IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, pp. 1119, 1121 (Sep. 1994). |
Hohlfeld,.et. al., "Micro-machined tunable optical filters with optimized band-pass spectrum", 12th International Conference on Transducers, Solid State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems, vol. 2, Jun. 8-12, 2003, pp. 1494-1497. |
Hohlfeld,.et. al., "Micro-machined tunable optical filters with optimized band-pass spectrum", 12th International Conference on Transducers, Solid State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems, vol. 2, Jun. 8-12, 2003, pp. 1494-1497. |
Huang, et al., "Multidirectional Asymmetrical Microlens-Array Light Control Films for High Performance Reflective Liquid Crystal Displays", SID Digest, 2002, pp. 870-873. |
International Search Report and Written Opinion in PCT/US2007/021376 (International Publication No. WO 2008/045311) dated Jun. 18, 2008. |
Interview Summary in U.S. Appl. No. 11/077,974 dated Sep. 30, 2009. |
Interview Summary in U.S. Appl. No. 11/408,753 dated Nov. 19, 2009. |
Interview Summary in U.S. Appl. No. 11/408,753 dated Sep. 10, 2009. |
Interview Summary in U.S. Appl. No. 12/034,499 dated Oct. 29, 2009. |
ISR and WO dated Dec. 30, 2005 in International Application No. PCT/US2005/030526, (International Publication No. WO 2006/036421). |
ISR and WO dated Feb. 6, 2006 in International Application No. PCT/US2005/032633, (Publication No. WO 2006/036540). |
ISR and WO dated Jan. 10, 2006 in International Application No. PCT/US2005/030968, (International Publication No. WO 2006/36440). |
ISR and WO dated Jan. 10, 2006 in International Application No. PCT/US2005/032773, (International Publication No. WO 2006/36559). |
ISR and WO dated Jan. 11, 2006 in International Application No. PCT/US2005/032426, (Publication No. WO 2006/036524). |
ISR and WO dated Nov. 2, 2007 in International Application No. PCT/US07/08790, (International Publication No. WO 2007/127046). |
ISR and WO for European Application No. EP 05255657 filed Sep. 14, 2005 [in back of publication]. |
ISR and WO for International Application No. PCT/US2005/002986 filed Feb. 2, 2005. |
ISR and WO for International Application No. PCT/US2005/032335 filed Sep. 9, 2005. |
ISR and WO for International Application No. PCT/US2005/032886 filed Sep. 14, 2005. |
Jerman, et al., "A Miniature Fabry-Perot Interferometer Fabricated Using Silicon Micromaching Techniques," IEEE Electron Devices Society (1998). |
Jerman, et al., "A Miniature Fabry-Perot Interferometer with a Corrugated Silicon Diaphragm Support", (1988). |
Little, et al., "Vertically Coupled Microring Rosonator Channel Dropping Filter", IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, vol. 11, No. 2, 1999. |
Magel, "Integrated Optic Devices Using Micromachined Metal Membranes", SPIE vol. 2686, 0-8194-2060-3/1996. |
Manzardo, et al., "Optics and Actuators for Miniaturized Spectrometers," International Conference on Optical MEMS, 12(6):23-24 (Dec. 2003). |
Mark W. Miles, "A New Reflective FPD Technology Using interfermotric modulation" Journal of the Society or Information Display vol. 5 No. 4 (1997) p. 379-382. |
Mark W. Miles, "Interferometric Modulation: A MEMS Based Technology for the Modulation of Light," Final Program and Proceedings IS &T's 50th Annual Conference (1997) p. 674-677. |
Mark W. Miles, "MEMS-based lnterferometric Modulator for Display Applications," Proceedings of SPIE Micromachined Devices and Components. V(1999) p. 20-28. |
Mehregany, et al., "MEMS Applications in Optical Systems", IEEE/LEOS 1996 Summer Topical Meetings, pp. 76-76, (Aug. 5-9, 1996). |
Miles, "A New Reflective FPD Technology Using Interferometric Modulation", The Proceedings of the Society for Information Display (May 11-16, 1997). |
Miles, et al., Digital Paper for reflective displays, Journal of the Society for Information Display, San Jose, CA, vol. 11, No. 1, 2003, pp. 209-215. |
Miles, Interferometric Modulation: MOEMS as an enabling technology for high-performance reflective displays, Proceedings of the SPIE, 4985:28, pp. 131-139, Jan. 2003. |
Miles, MW "A MEMS Based Interferometric Modulator (IMOD) for Display Applications" Proceedings of Sensors Expo, Oct. 21, 1997 © 1997 Helmer's Publishing, Inc., pp. 281-284. |
Neal T.D., et. al., "Surface Plasmon enhanced emission from dye doped polymer layers," Optics Express Opt. Soc. America, USA, vol. 13, No. 14, Jul. 11, 2005. |
Notice of Allowance dated Jan. 9, 2009 in U.S. Appl. No. 11/408,753. |
Notice of Allowance dated Sep. 16, 2008 in U.S. Appl. No. 11/408,753. |
Notice of Allowance from the USPTO for U.S. Appl. No. 10/249,244 dated Jan. 26, 2005. |
Notice of Allowance from the USPTO for U.S. Appl. No. 11/036,965 dated Sep. 11, 2007. |
Notice of Allowance in U.S. Appl. No. 11/208,085 dated Sep. 14, 2009. |
Notice of Allowance in U.S. Appl. No. 11/408,753 dated Apr. 24, 2009. |
Notice of Allowance in U.S. Appl. No. 11/408,753 dated Aug. 3, 2009. |
Notice of Allowance in U.S. Appl. No. 11/408,753 dated Nov. 6, 2009. |
Office Action dated Mar. 20, 2008 in U.S. Appl. No. 11/408,753. |
Office Action in U.S. Appl. No. 11/077,974 dated Nov. 23, 2009. |
Office Action in U.S. Appl. No. 12/014,657 dated Oct. 15, 2009. |
Office Action in U.S. Appl. No. 12/034,499 dated Jul. 16, 2009. |
Office Communication from the USPTO for U.S. Appl. No. 10/249,244 dated Sep. 29, 2004. |
Office Communication from the USPTO for U.S. Appl. No. 11/036,965 dated Jan. 30, 2007. |
Office Communication from the USPTO for U.S. Appl. No. 11/036,965 dated Mar. 28, 2006. |
Office Communication from the USPTO for U.S. Appl. No. 11/036,965 dated Sep. 18, 2006. |
Office Communication from the USPTO for U.S. Appl. No. 11/408,753 dated Dec. 22, 2006. |
Office Communication from the USPTO for U.S. Appl. No. 11/408,753 dated Jul. 3, 2007. |
Official Communication from European Patent Office for European Application No. EP 05255657 dated Dec. 10, 2006. |
Official Communication from the European Patent Office for European Application No. 05255638.8 dated Jan. 5, 2007. |
Official Communication from the European Patent Office in European Application No. 05 255 638.8 dated Aug. 21, 2008. |
Official Communication from the Mexican Patent Office in Mexican Patent Application No. PA/a/2005/008406 dated May 19, 2008. |
Official Communication from the Mexican Patent Office in Mexican Patent Application No. PA/a/2005/010248 dated Apr. 24, 2008. |
Official Communication from the State Intellectual Property Office in Chinese Application No. 200510103557.9 dated May 9, 2008. |
Official Communication from the State Intellectual Property Office in Chinese Application No. 200510105055 dated Jul. 4, 2008. |
Official Communication from the USPTO in U.S. Appl. No. 11/077,974 dated Oct. 3, 2008. |
Official Communication from the USPTO in U.S. Appl. No. 12/014,657 dated Aug. 21, 2008. |
Official Communication from the USPTO in U.S. Appl. No. 12/034,499 dated Jul. 9, 2008. |
Official Communication in Chinese App. No. 200510105055 dated Mar. 13, 2009. |
Official Communication in Chinese Application No. 2005101050511 dated Dec. 19, 2008. |
Official Communication in Chinese Application No. 2005101050511 dated Mar. 28, 2008. |
Official Communication in Chinese Application No. 2005800038120 dated Mar. 7, 2008. |
Official Communication in European App. No. 05 255 646.1 dated Apr. 27, 2009. |
Official Communication in Japanese App. No. 2005-265709 dated Mar. 5, 2009. |
Official Communication in Japanese Application No. 2005-260607 dated Sep. 30, 2008. |
Official Communication in Japanese Application No. 2005-265709 dated Oct. 21, 2008. |
Official Communication in Japanese Patent App. No. 2003-136787 dated Nov. 7, 2006. |
Official Communication in Japanese Patent App. No. 2005-235802 dated Sep. 9, 2008. |
Official Communication in Russian App. No. 2006131568/28(o34325) dated Feb. 17, 2009. |
Official Communication in Taiwan App. No. 09410330 dated Aug. 16, 2006. |
Official Communication in U.S. Appl. No. 11/064,143 dated Jun. 26, 2009. |
Official Communication in U.S. Appl. No. 11/077,974 dated May 8, 2009. |
Official Communication in U.S. Appl. No. 11/208,085 dated Dec. 10, 2008. |
Official Communication in U.S. Appl. No. 12/014,657 dated Mar. 5, 2009. |
Official Communication in U.S. Appl. No. 12/034,499 dated Jan. 26, 2009. |
Partial European Search Report dated Feb. 22, 2007 in European Application No. 06 07 7032 (European Publication No. EP 1767981). |
Petschick et al. "Fabry-Perot-Interferometer", May 14 2002, available at http://pl.physik.tu-berlin.berlin.de/groups/pg279/protokolless02/04-fpi.pdf. |
Preliminary Amendment in U.S. Appl No. 11/408,753 dated Nov. 6, 2009. |
Preliminary Amendment in U.S. Appl. No. 11/408,753 dated Jul. 31, 2009. |
Raley, et al., "A Fabry-Perot Microinterferometer for Visible Wavelengths," IEEE Solid-State Sensor and Actuator Workshop, Hilton Head, SC, pp. 170-173 (1992). |
RCE and Amendment in U.S. Appl. No. 11/077,974 dated Sep. 8, 2009. |
RCE and Amendment in U.S. Appl. No. 12/034,499 dated Apr. 27, 2009. |
RCE and IDS in U.S. Appl. No. 11/208,085 dated Nov. 13, 2009, |
RCE and IDS in U.S. Appl. No. 11/408,753 dated Nov. 2, 2009. |
RCE dated Dec. 15, 2008 in U.S. Appl. No. 11/408,753. |
RCE in U.S. Appl. No. 11/408,753 dated Apr. 7, 2009. |
RCE in U.S. Appl. No. 11/408,753 dated Jul. 21, 2009. |
Response to Amendment under 37 CFR 1.312 in U.S. Appl. No. 11/408,753 dated Oct. 8, 2009. |
Sperger, et al., "High Performance Patterned All-Dielectric Interference Colour Filter for Display Applications", SID Digest, pp. 81-83, (1994). |
Supplementary Notice of Allowability in U.S. Appl. No. 11/408,753 dated Sep. 3, 2009. |
Translation of the Official Communication Received from the Japanese Patent Office for Application No. 2003-136787 dated Nov. 14, 2006. |
Walker, et al., "Electron-beam-tuneable Interference Filter Spatial Light Modulator", Optics Letters vol. 13, No. 5, pp. 345-347, (May 1988). |
Wu, "Design of a Reflective Color LCD Using Optical Interference Reflectors", ASIA Display '95, pp. 929-931, (Oct. 1995). |
Cited By (48)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8422108B2 (en) | 1995-11-06 | 2013-04-16 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Method and device for modulating light with optical compensation |
US7907319B2 (en) | 1995-11-06 | 2011-03-15 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Method and device for modulating light with optical compensation |
US9110289B2 (en) | 1998-04-08 | 2015-08-18 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Device for modulating light with multiple electrodes |
US8928967B2 (en) | 1998-04-08 | 2015-01-06 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Method and device for modulating light |
US20090219604A1 (en) * | 1999-10-05 | 2009-09-03 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Photonic mems and structures |
US8416487B2 (en) | 1999-10-05 | 2013-04-09 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Photonic MEMS and structures |
US9025235B2 (en) | 2002-12-25 | 2015-05-05 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Optical interference type of color display having optical diffusion layer between substrate and electrode |
US8045252B2 (en) | 2004-02-03 | 2011-10-25 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Spatial light modulator with integrated optical compensation structure |
US9019590B2 (en) | 2004-02-03 | 2015-04-28 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Spatial light modulator with integrated optical compensation structure |
US8111445B2 (en) | 2004-02-03 | 2012-02-07 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Spatial light modulator with integrated optical compensation structure |
US7855824B2 (en) | 2004-03-06 | 2010-12-21 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Method and system for color optimization in a display |
US8102407B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2012-01-24 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Method and device for manipulating color in a display |
US8344377B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2013-01-01 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Display element having filter material diffused in a substrate of the display element |
US20060077124A1 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2006-04-13 | Gally Brian J | Method and device for manipulating color in a display |
US8004504B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2011-08-23 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Reduced capacitance display element |
US20090296191A1 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2009-12-03 | Idc, Llc | Method and device for generating white in an interferometric modulator display |
US8031133B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2011-10-04 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Method and device for manipulating color in a display |
US20060077153A1 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2006-04-13 | Idc, Llc, A Delaware Limited Liability Company | Reduced capacitance display element |
US20060077122A1 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2006-04-13 | Gally Brian J | Apparatus and method for reducing perceived color shift |
US7911428B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2011-03-22 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Method and device for manipulating color in a display |
US8054528B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2011-11-08 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies Inc. | Display device having an array of spatial light modulators with integrated color filters |
US7928928B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2011-04-19 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Apparatus and method for reducing perceived color shift |
US8416154B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2013-04-09 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Apparatus and method for reducing perceived color shift |
US8098431B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2012-01-17 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Method and device for generating white in an interferometric modulator display |
US20060066641A1 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2006-03-30 | Gally Brian J | Method and device for manipulating color in a display |
US7898521B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2011-03-01 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Device and method for wavelength filtering |
US20090086301A1 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2009-04-02 | Idc, Llc | Display element having filter material diffused in a substrate of the display element |
US8437070B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2013-05-07 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Interferometric modulator with dielectric layer |
US8362987B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2013-01-29 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Method and device for manipulating color in a display |
US8791897B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2014-07-29 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Method and system for writing data to MEMS display elements |
US8971675B2 (en) | 2006-01-13 | 2015-03-03 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Interconnect structure for MEMS device |
US8004743B2 (en) | 2006-04-21 | 2011-08-23 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Method and apparatus for providing brightness control in an interferometric modulator (IMOD) display |
US8061882B2 (en) | 2006-10-06 | 2011-11-22 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Illumination device with built-in light coupler |
US9019183B2 (en) | 2006-10-06 | 2015-04-28 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Optical loss structure integrated in an illumination apparatus |
US8872085B2 (en) | 2006-10-06 | 2014-10-28 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Display device having front illuminator with turning features |
US8072402B2 (en) | 2007-08-29 | 2011-12-06 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Interferometric optical modulator with broadband reflection characteristics |
US8797628B2 (en) | 2007-10-19 | 2014-08-05 | Qualcomm Memstechnologies, Inc. | Display with integrated photovoltaic device |
US8798425B2 (en) | 2007-12-07 | 2014-08-05 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Decoupled holographic film and diffuser |
US20100157406A1 (en) * | 2008-12-19 | 2010-06-24 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | System and method for matching light source emission to display element reflectivity |
US8736590B2 (en) | 2009-03-27 | 2014-05-27 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Low voltage driver scheme for interferometric modulators |
US8498039B2 (en) * | 2009-12-10 | 2013-07-30 | Shanghai Lexvu Opto Microelectronics Technology Co., Ltd. | Tri wavelength interference modulator and a method for modulation |
US20110141545A1 (en) * | 2009-12-10 | 2011-06-16 | Shanghai Lexvu Opto Microelectronics Technology Co., Ltd. | Tri wavelength interference modulator and a method for modulation |
WO2011130715A2 (en) | 2010-04-16 | 2011-10-20 | Flex Lighting Ii, Llc | Illumination device comprising a film-based lightguide |
WO2011130718A2 (en) | 2010-04-16 | 2011-10-20 | Flex Lighting Ii, Llc | Front illumination device comprising a film-based lightguide |
US9110200B2 (en) | 2010-04-16 | 2015-08-18 | Flex Lighting Ii, Llc | Illumination device comprising a film-based lightguide |
US8848294B2 (en) | 2010-05-20 | 2014-09-30 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Method and structure capable of changing color saturation |
US20120134008A1 (en) * | 2010-11-30 | 2012-05-31 | Ion Bita | Electromechanical interferometric modulator device |
US11892407B2 (en) | 2020-05-07 | 2024-02-06 | Wistron Corporation | Detection device and detection method |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20100245975A1 (en) | 2010-09-30 |
US20120026176A1 (en) | 2012-02-02 |
US8054528B2 (en) | 2011-11-08 |
AU2005203431A1 (en) | 2006-04-13 |
TWI388914B (en) | 2013-03-11 |
MXPA05009406A (en) | 2006-03-29 |
TW200627041A (en) | 2006-08-01 |
SG155986A1 (en) | 2009-10-29 |
US8437070B2 (en) | 2013-05-07 |
EP1640767A1 (en) | 2006-03-29 |
KR20060089611A (en) | 2006-08-09 |
BRPI0503865A (en) | 2006-05-16 |
US20060077512A1 (en) | 2006-04-13 |
CA2516578A1 (en) | 2006-03-27 |
KR20120114206A (en) | 2012-10-16 |
JP2006099070A (en) | 2006-04-13 |
EP2256537A1 (en) | 2010-12-01 |
KR101209094B1 (en) | 2012-12-11 |
KR101227622B1 (en) | 2013-01-31 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US7710632B2 (en) | Display device having an array of spatial light modulators with integrated color filters | |
US7515327B2 (en) | Method and device for corner interferometric modulation | |
US8213075B2 (en) | Method and device for multistate interferometric light modulation | |
US7928928B2 (en) | Apparatus and method for reducing perceived color shift | |
US8362987B2 (en) | Method and device for manipulating color in a display | |
US8072402B2 (en) | Interferometric optical modulator with broadband reflection characteristics | |
US8638491B2 (en) | Device having a conductive light absorbing mask and method for fabricating same | |
US7969638B2 (en) | Device having thin black mask and method of fabricating the same | |
US20110148751A1 (en) | Method and device for manipulating color in a display | |
US20130301111A1 (en) | Interferometric display with interferometric reflector |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: IDC, LLC,CALIFORNIA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:CUMMINGS, WILLIAM J.;REEL/FRAME:016556/0850 Effective date: 20050420 Owner name: IDC, LLC, CALIFORNIA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:CUMMINGS, WILLIAM J.;REEL/FRAME:016556/0850 Effective date: 20050420 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: QUALCOMM MEMS TECHNOLOGIES, INC.,CALIFORNIA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:IDC, LLC;REEL/FRAME:023435/0918 Effective date: 20090925 Owner name: QUALCOMM MEMS TECHNOLOGIES, INC., CALIFORNIA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:IDC, LLC;REEL/FRAME:023435/0918 Effective date: 20090925 |
|
FEPP | Fee payment procedure |
Free format text: PAYOR NUMBER ASSIGNED (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: ASPN); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY |
|
CC | Certificate of correction | ||
FPAY | Fee payment |
Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: SNAPTRACK, INC., CALIFORNIA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:QUALCOMM MEMS TECHNOLOGIES, INC.;REEL/FRAME:039891/0001 Effective date: 20160830 |
|
FEPP | Fee payment procedure |
Free format text: MAINTENANCE FEE REMINDER MAILED (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: REM.) |
|
LAPS | Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees |
Free format text: PATENT EXPIRED FOR FAILURE TO PAY MAINTENANCE FEES (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: EXP.) |
|
STCH | Information on status: patent discontinuation |
Free format text: PATENT EXPIRED DUE TO NONPAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEES UNDER 37 CFR 1.362 |
|
FP | Lapsed due to failure to pay maintenance fee |
Effective date: 20180504 |