US3879575A - Encapsulating compound and closure - Google Patents

Encapsulating compound and closure Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3879575A
US3879575A US444344A US44434474A US3879575A US 3879575 A US3879575 A US 3879575A US 444344 A US444344 A US 444344A US 44434474 A US44434474 A US 44434474A US 3879575 A US3879575 A US 3879575A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
weight
parts
closure
styrene
mineral oil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US444344A
Inventor
Donald Patrick Dobbin
Charles Anthony Fritsch
Raffaele Antonio Sabia
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AT&T Corp
Original Assignee
Bell Telephone Laboratories Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bell Telephone Laboratories Inc filed Critical Bell Telephone Laboratories Inc
Priority to US444344A priority Critical patent/US3879575A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3879575A publication Critical patent/US3879575A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
    • H02G15/00—Cable fittings
    • H02G15/08—Cable junctions
    • H02G15/10—Cable junctions protected by boxes, e.g. by distribution, connection or junction boxes
    • H02G15/117—Cable junctions protected by boxes, e.g. by distribution, connection or junction boxes for multiconductor cables
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4439—Auxiliary devices
    • G02B6/444—Systems or boxes with surplus lengths
    • G02B6/4441—Boxes
    • G02B6/4446—Cable boxes, e.g. splicing boxes with two or more multi fibre cables
    • G02B6/4447—Cable boxes, e.g. splicing boxes with two or more multi fibre cables with divided shells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
    • H02G15/00—Cable fittings
    • H02G15/08—Cable junctions
    • H02G15/18—Cable junctions protected by sleeves, e.g. for communication cable

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT Articles. and particular telephone splices. are protectively encased in a material consisting of a low viscosity oil gelled by a block copolymer such as styreneiosprene-styrene.
  • Addition of polyethylene to the blend reduces the yield shear stress in the gelled compound and also advantageously supplies a desirable high temperature property of nonslump.
  • Component ranges are described. Stratifying the compound within the closure so that the portion contacting splices is soft and plastic while the remainder is stiff and hard. meets a stringent encasement requirement while minimizing oil separation at high operating temperatures.
  • This invention relates in general to protection of articles from hostile ambients by encasing them in a protective fill.
  • this invention relates to moisture-proofing compounds for protecting electrical conductor splice points.
  • the invention relates to a system for protecting a multiplicity of telephone conductor splices and includes a class of waterproofing compounds predisposed in a closure for fast application in the field to splice points.
  • the invention relates to a class of compounds for field pumping into closures around splice points.
  • the flow temperature of the filler predisposed in the closure should be at least greater than I40F and should ideally be greater than l50F. This high flow temperature is needed to assure that under extreme field conditions the filler will not slump or leak out of the closure (since these rarely are reliably liquid-tight).
  • a prime inventive object. therefore. is to realize a soft encapsulating material that inelastically flows around splices over a wide temperature range.
  • a further principal object of the invention is to realize a waterproofing compound that has substantially the temperature characteristics defined in the preceding paragraphs.
  • a general inventive object is to more efi'ectively protect electrical splice points from the corrosive effects of water, particularly telephone conductors at splice points where the corrosion can degrade or eliminate telephone service.
  • Another general inventive object is to provide an electrically and chemically inert flowable material that will protect articles from many adverse ambients.
  • the invention involves a protective encasing material consisting of a low viscosity oil gelled by a block copolymer.
  • the oil to be gelled is a mineral oil because of its low viscosity at ambient temperatures (360 in SUS units). and its low pour point of about 0F to l5F. Also. mineral oil is a paraffinic/naphthenic material and therefore will not stress crack splicing connectors which increasingly are made of polycarbonate.
  • the filling material is gelled using a block copolymer composed of styrene-isoprene-styrene (hereinafter called SIS).
  • SIS styrene-isoprene-styrene
  • SIS when used alone in mineral oil in the range 0.5 to 5.0 weight percent of the final product creates a sub stance ranging from an elastic fluid to an elastic semi rigid gel.
  • the undesirable elastic properties of the foregoing are reduced by a blend of mineral oil.
  • SIS. and polyolefin wherein the SIS is present in from 0.5 to 5.0 weight percent of the total produce and the polyolefin is present in from 6.0 to 15.0 weight percent of the total product.
  • the polyolefin performs the further desirable functions of substantially reducing the yield shear stress in the final gelled compound and also supplying high temperature stability or resistance to slump up to substantially F.
  • An advantageous encapsulating gel within the above system consists of mineral oil with from L5 to 3.0 weight percent of SIS and from 10.0 to 13.25 weight percent polyolefin stated in weight percent of the total product. Compositions within these ranges exhibit gel stability up to temperatures of l40-l60F.. as well as substantial nonelasticity.
  • a preferred encapsulating gel consists of mineral oil.
  • SIS and polyolefin in which the SIS is present in from 2.0 to 2.25 weight percent of the total product and the polyolefin is present in from l3.0 to 13.25 weight percent of the total product. Compositions within these ranges are most desirable for nonelastic character and high temperature slump resistance.
  • an inelastic gel which is sufficiently fluid to be pumped at temperatures near 0F is achieved in a blend of mineral oil.
  • a specific preferred encapsulant composition pursuant to the invention which exhibits both a high degree of inelasticity and substantial temperature stability. consists of 84.5 weight percent mineral oil. 2.25 weight percent SIS and l3.25 weight percent polyethylene.
  • a specific preferred encapsulant composition useful for field filling closures at temperatures near 0F. consists of 92.0 weight percent mineral oil. 2.0 weight percent SIS and 6.0 weight percent polyethylene.
  • the preferred polyolefin is polyethylene because of its ready processability. Either high density or low density polyethylene is usable to substantially equal advantage in the invention.
  • the most advantageous number average molecular weight range within which the polyolefin component of the present invention lies is substantially from l.000 to l5.000.
  • a preferred range for ease of blending is from l.000 to 5.000. More specifically.
  • a preferred range for blending high density polyethylene is from 2.000 to 5.000.
  • the SIS component of the fill desirably is constituted of at least two styrene blocks per molecule.
  • the molecular weight distribution advantageously. although not necessarily. falls within the range of l-2.
  • the weight average molecular weight of the styrene unit advantageously falls within the range of 5.000 to l0.000.
  • the weight average molecular weight of the isoprene unit advantageously falls within the range of 40.000 to 60.000. Desirably. the isoprene unit weight average molecular weight is substantially 50.000.
  • each isoprene block of an average SIS molecule is about 60%.
  • White mineral oils are a complex mixture of paraffin and naphthene hydrocarbons which. for use in the present invention. prefereably include approximately 18 to 36 carbon atoms with the hydrocarbons substantially saturated. importantly these oils undergo no phase changes in the 0F through I60F temperature range of present interest.
  • the yield shear stress of the gels is further reduced by preshearing the materials.
  • the original properties may be recovered. if desired. by reheating the presheared material above about 194F.
  • the requirement of storability without leakage at I40I60F is met concurrently with the requirement of "knitaround when the compound is applied to splices. by stratifying the compound within the closure. With stratifying. the portion of the compound contacting the splice is made relatively soft and plastic, while the remainder is stiff and hard. The softening of the material is achieved by subjecting it to shear forces. which break down some of the bonds creating the gel.
  • FIG. I is a schematic perspective diagram of a closure suitable for receiving filling material of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a side schematic view showing the closure of FIG. I installed on a cable or cables;
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional front view ofa closure similar to that of FIG. I;
  • FIG. 4 is a further variety of closure suitable for use with the filling material of the invention.
  • Example 1 A blend of 85 parts by weight mineral oil, 2 parts by weight SIS and 13 parts by weight low density polyethylene with appropriate stabilizer was produced.
  • the polyethylene had a number average molecular weight of substantially 2.000. Because the isoprene units will oxidatively degrade by chain scission. the blending temperature was kept between 3 l6F and 364F. Due to the compatibility of the materials. simple stirring with magnetic bars was sufficient to bring all materials into solution. On cooling substantially below the glass transition of polyethylene. a gel was formed. The ability of the blend to remain cohesively together under its own weight was tested. A 300 gram sample of the blend was poured hot into a 400 ml circular beaker.
  • the sample was allowed to cool for a period of l7 hours after which its temperature was about F.
  • the sample was then turned upside down and exposed to a temperature of about I40F for 48 hours. During this period mineral oil separation totaling less than I percent of that originally present was measured. thus establishing the ability of the blend to resist slumping.
  • Example 2 A composition consisting of 84.5 parts by weight mineral oil. 2.25 parts by weight SIS, and 13.25 parts by weight polyethylene was made by the procedure of Example I. A gel having substantially the same characteristics of Example I was obtained.
  • Example 3 A blend of parts by weight mineral oil. 3 parts by weight SIS and 12 parts by weight polyethylene was made by the method of Example I. A sample was applied to a test splice connector and visually found to exhibit only slight-and for most purposes insignificant-drawback. signifying acceptable inelasticity. Slump temperature properties were observed to be substantially as found in the Example I composition.
  • Example 4 A blend of 85 parts by weight mineral oil, 5 parts by weight SIS and I0 parts by weight polyethylene was prepared by the method of Example I. The blend exhibited no significant temperature slump dissociation until the I40-l60F range. Its inelasticity was marginally acceptable at 70F. By hot-melt encapsulation-- that is, heating the blend to about 390F and pouring the blend over the article to be encapsulated. and then allowing the blend to gel on coolingdrawback resulting from the relative elasticity is greatly minimized or eliminated.
  • Example 5 A blend of 87-3-10 parts by weight mineral oil, SIS, and polyethylene respectively was prepared by the method of Example I, cooled to about 70F and applied to a test connector. Its inelasticity was observed to be acceptable. On heating, no significant temperature slump was encountered until the range of l40-l60F. Use of this mix as a hot-melt encapsulant is preferred.
  • Example 6 A blend of 86.5-3.5-l0 parts by weight mineral oil, SIS. and polyethylene respectively was prepared as in Example I and found to exhibit substantially the same characteristics as did the Example 5 blend. Use as a hot-melt encapsulant is preferred.
  • Example 7 A blend of 85.5-l.5-l3 parts by weight mineral oil, SlS, and polyethylene respectively was prepared pursuant to the method of Example 1. The blend exhibited the desirable high temperature properties of the Example l blend.
  • Example 8 A blend of 84.5-0.5 -l5 respective parts by weight of mineral oil, SIS, and polyethylene was produced by the method of Example 1. The resulting composition exhibited highly desirable temperature stability to about l60F. The observed elasticity was considered acceptable for certain encapsulation jobs. Hot-melt encapsulation renders the blend acceptable for a wider range of applications.
  • Example 9 A blend consisting of 92.0-2.0-6.0 parts by weight respectively of mineral oil, SlS, and polyethylene was produced as in Example I. The resulting composition on cooling to 70F was acceptably inelastic. A sample of the blend was placed in a syringe and brought down to a temperature of 0F. The material was easily extruded. from the syringe, without undergoing oil separation or gel breakdown due to shearing. This material is preferred as a fill to be applied to splice closured by crewman working in the field during colder weather.
  • Example 10 A blend consisting of 92.5-1.5-6.0 parts by weight respectively of mineral oil, SIS, and polyethylene was produced as in Example I. The resulting composition exhibited somewhat more softness than that of Example 9, connoting a reduced but still acceptable gelproducing pseudo-network. The product was easily pumped at 0F. Temperature stability up to substantially 140F is obtainable.
  • Example l l A blend consisting of 90.0-2.0-8.0 parts by weight respectively of mineral oil, SIS, and polyethylene was produced as in Example I.
  • the resulting composition exhibited a more desirable degree of inelasticity than the products of Examples 9 and 10. Its purhpability at 0F was demonstrated. Its temperature stability was acceptable up to substantially l50-l60F.
  • compositions significantly lacked gel stability. Moreover, the compositions exhibited drastic shear thinning (as, for example, when pumped or molded around a splice), with insignificant recovery following termination of the shear.
  • the factor is assessible in a number of ways, including: microscopic measurement of drawback" of a given encapsulant from a given splice configuration; visual inspection of drawback in a given Volume Percent Material Swell Mineral Poly- Oil SIS ethylene 85.0 5.0 I00 64 86.5 3.5 [0.0 57 87.0 3.0 [0.0 43 85.0 3.0 I20 35
  • the data suggests the variability of elasticity with differing blends. It should be recognized, however, that overall acceptability of a given gel is also a function of its temperature stability properties.
  • Mineral oils suitable in the above formulations include Drakeol 35 from Pennsylvania Refining Co. and Pentol from Witco Chemical. In general, mineral oils are all similar in composition; but some contain impurities and unsaturated hydrocarbons, and vary in odor and color. Many of the unsaturated hydrocarbons are aromatic and these may cause stress cracking of polycarbonate, for example. For this reason the use of an unsaturated mineral oil is some applications of the in vention would depend on its stress-cracking activity. White mineral oil is a preferred material, however. for its freedom from stress cracking.
  • antioxidant stabilizer such as lrganoz lOl0 available from Ciba-Geigy, or lonol from Shell Chemical of the hindered phenol type has been found desirable. The addition of about 0.] weight percent of stabilizer to the compounds of Examples l-ll is desirable.
  • FIG. I A closure which is generally suitable to receive the preferred compounds described above, is depicted in FIG. I as consisting of an upper half 10 and a lower half ll, advantageously sharing a common hinge l2.
  • the fill material designated 13 is placed either in the factory, or where appropriate in the field, within each of the halves.
  • the outer edges of the halves 10, ll are formed as an extending lip designated 10a for the upper half and lla for the lower half.
  • the lips 10a are provided with a throat section formed by semicylindrical portions denoted 15.
  • FIG. 2 A variation of the closure shown in FIG. 1 is depicted in FIG. 2 as having a dual diameter neck portion denoted 16. to accommodate, for example, cables l7, l8 and wires 19, 20.
  • the compound In order to meet the requirement of storage at temperatures at least up to I40F without leakage for those closures filled in the factory, the compound must have substantially strong bonds which in turn may cause it to be harder or more solidified at normal working temperatures than is desired. To the extent the compound is elastic, it will not flow as readily into all the interstices about the splices when the closure is sealed about the splice joint.
  • a method has been discovered of solving the foregoing problem. by stratifying the compound within the closure. The portion of the compound in intimate contact with the splices is made relatively soft and flexible and thus can be easily redistributed to fill all interstices thereabout. The remainder of the compound in the closure is made stiff and thus provides added strength to prevent leakage at the high storage temperatures.
  • One way of softening or deelasticizing the gels is to release the yield shear stress by preshearing of the material. This can be achived by any mechanical working of the material. Experiments have also revealed that the original properties are recovered by a reheating of the sheared material in the region of approximately l90F.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view through the midsection of a closure 110 in an open configuration showing a stratified formation of the compound therein.
  • a first layer or Stratum 30:: of compound 30 having a relatively rigid structure to provide stiff support at the high storage temperatures and to inhibit the movement of the conductor splices out to the walls of the cover. is formed in the bottom of cavities 118 and I of cover halves I12 and 114, respectively.
  • a second relatively soft layer or stratum b of compound 30 is formed over layer 30a.
  • the splices lie in the compound 30 so that when closure 110 is sealed about the splice joint, the relatively soft layer 30b is easily redistributed about the splices filling all interstices at the parting line of the closure l It).
  • a sheet of separator material I lies over layer 30b and temporary separator blocks I42 or a separator frame can be placed thereon for shipping and to allow slight overfilling of the closure if desired. The separator is removed at installation.
  • the relative thicknesses of layers 30a and 3011 depend upon such factors as the size of the specific closure being utilized and the number of splices to be placed therein and hence the quantity of relatively soft flexible compound required to fill all interstices.
  • the maximum thickness of layer 30b is set by the mechanical properties of the sheared material.
  • the thickness of 30a simply fills the rest of the cavity.
  • the throat section of the closure such as designated 15 in FIG. 1, advantageously can be filled with the relatively stiffer material comprising layer 30:: in order to help support the softer less viscous material in layer 30h when the closure is stored on end. i.e.. in an upright position.
  • strata or layers in a compound having a uniform composition throughout. but having different yield shear stresses for the various strata is accomplished by forming the strata by different mechani cal processes. For example, if the composition is subjected to the previously described shearing pressures or forces such as those encountered when the material is extruded through a nozzle. the yield shear stress thereof is decreased because some of the bonds creating the gelled condition are ruptured. This phenomena is utilized in forming the strata. such as 300 and 30b.
  • stratum or layer 300 comprises a layer of compound 30 which is hot-poured into the closure while the compound 30 is in a liquid state. When layer 30a cools.
  • Layer 30b comprises a layer of compound 30 which is extruded through a nozzle at room temperature thereby shearing and rupturing a portion of the bonds and resulting in a relatively soft, that is, low yield shear stress layer which can be easily forced into interstices.
  • the shearing pressure applied to the compound of layer 30b is determined by the nozzle size, rate of extrusion. etc.. and will depend upon such factors as the composition being utilized and the relative degree of low yield shear stress required in layer 30b.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a further variety of spliced closure constructed pursuant to this aspect of the invention.
  • the closure denoted 60 consists of two halves 61, 62, advantageously joined by a common hinge 63, and including extended edge portions 64 on each half which abut when the closure is sealed.
  • the edge portions 64 of the closure 60 are provided with semicylindrical throat portions 75, 76, 77, 78 to accommodate incoming and outgoing cables 80. 81, 82, and 83.
  • the numerous splice mechanisms, denoted generally as in FIG. 4 are merely symbolic of the type of splice connector that can be used in this closure.
  • the splices 90 are shown as completed and ready to be embedded and encased in the fill 30.
  • a plurality of insulated conductor splice points enveloped in a waterproof encapsulating agent comprising from 84.5 to 92.5 parts by weight of mineral oil. from 0.5 to 3.0 parts by weight styreneisoprene-styrene block copolymer, and from 6.0 to 13.0 parts by weight of polyethylene having a weight average molecular weight above 2000.
  • a closure receiving and encapsulating therein a plurality of spliced insulated conductors. comprising:
  • a plurality of spliced electrical conductors disposed between said shells the recess of each said shell containing an encapsulating agent enveloping said splicid electrical conductors. and comprising a blend of from 84.5 to 92.5 parts by weight of mineral oil, from 0.5 to 3.0 parts by weight of styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer, and from 6.0 to 13.25 parts by weight of a polyolefin.
  • An article of manufacture useful as a closure for protecting a plurality of spliced insulated conductors of a telephone cable comprising:
  • a lower shell and an upper shell having flat outer edges formed as a generally rectilinear extending lip, said lower half being joined to said upper half along a common hinge formed by a connection of a lip edge of said first half and a corresponding lip edge of said second half.
  • an encapsulating agent substantially filling said lower half and said upper half and comprising:
  • the said agent being stratified into a first layer located substantially at the level of said edges for contacting said splice. and a second layer filling the remainder of said lower half and said upper half.
  • said first layer adapted to be rendered relatively soft by subjecting the same to shearing motion.
  • said second layer being relatively rigid to supply stiff support and protection for said first layer. and a sheet of separator material placed over said first layer.

Abstract

Articles, and particular telephone splices, are protectively encased in a material consisting of a low viscosity oil gelled by a block copolymer such as styrene-iosprene-styrene. Addition of polyethylene to the blend reduces the yield shear stress in the gelled compound and also advantageously supplies a desirable high temperature property of nonslump. Component ranges are described. Stratifying the compound within the closure so that the portion contacting splices is soft and plastic while the remainder is stiff and hard, meets a stringent encasement requirement while minimizing oil separation at high operating temperatures.

Description

United States Patent Dobbin et a1.
1 1 Apr. 22, 1975 ENCAPSULATING COMPOUND AND CLOSURE Inventors: Donald Patrick Dobbin, Clark;
Charles Anthony Fritsch, Mendham. both of NJ Raftaele Antonio Sabia. Atlanta, Ga.
Assignee: Bell Telephone Laboratories,
Incorporated, Murray Hill. NJ.
Filed: Feb. 21. 1974 Appl. No.: 444,344
[52] US. Cl 174/92; 174/23 C; 174/76; 174/87; 252/316; 260/33.6 AR; 260/33.6 UA [51] Int. Cl HOZg 15/08 [58] Field of Search 174/76. 87. 88, 92. 93. 174/23 R. 23 C. 252/316. 63; 117/161 [56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,906,810 9/1959 D'Ascnli 174/87 3,607,487 9/1971 Biskchorn ct a1. 174/23 C UX 3,830.953 8/1974 Wood ct a1. 174/23 C 3.836.695 9/1974 Strccker et a1 174/23 C FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 450.088 7/1936 United Kingdom 174/23 C 1.199.997 7/1970 United Kingdom 174/23 C 1.203.138 8/1970 United Kingdom 174/23 C 121.553 3/1971 Norway 174/23 C Primary Examiner-Darrell L. Clay Attorney. Agent, or FirmC. E. Graves [57] ABSTRACT Articles. and particular telephone splices. are protectively encased in a material consisting of a low viscosity oil gelled by a block copolymer such as styreneiosprene-styrene. Addition of polyethylene to the blend reduces the yield shear stress in the gelled compound and also advantageously supplies a desirable high temperature property of nonslump. Component ranges are described. Stratifying the compound within the closure so that the portion contacting splices is soft and plastic while the remainder is stiff and hard. meets a stringent encasement requirement while minimizing oil separation at high operating temperatures.
6 Claims, 4 Drawing Figures PFJENTEE APR 2 2 i913 SE21 1 (IF 3 FIG. 3
ENCAPSULATING COMPOUND AND CLOSURE FIELD OF THE INVENTION This invention relates in general to protection of articles from hostile ambients by encasing them in a protective fill. In an important specific application. this invention relates to moisture-proofing compounds for protecting electrical conductor splice points. Still more specifically. the invention relates to a system for protecting a multiplicity of telephone conductor splices and includes a class of waterproofing compounds predisposed in a closure for fast application in the field to splice points. In another aspect. the invention relates to a class of compounds for field pumping into closures around splice points.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION It is well known that one of the largest causes of telephone service disruption and degradation is the entry of water into or around the electrical connections at a cable splice point. Many systems are used to combat the problem. including encapsulating splicing connectors. elaborate and supposedly waterproof closure designs to envelop the splice points. and circulating a drying gas within the splice region.
More recently, systems of waterproof filler for telephone splice closures are finding use. The purpose of the filling material is to envelop the entire splice point in a waterproof mass. without in the process entrapping any liquid water. Certain currently used materials form nonreenterable plugs. A compound which allows repeated reentry of the closure and access to the splice point is more useful. however.
Design of a fully acceptable waterproof filling compound is not just a matter of assuring its dielectric and physical compatibility with the metal and plastic of the insulated conductors and splicing connectors. Account must also be taken of the temperature-dependent properties and the elasticity of the material. For example. the flow temperature of the filler predisposed in the closure should be at least greater than I40F and should ideally be greater than l50F. This high flow temperature is needed to assure that under extreme field conditions the filler will not slump or leak out of the closure (since these rarely are reliably liquid-tight).
In successfully applying the general invention to protecting telephone splices. another important consideration has been discerned. Applying the two factoryprefilled halves of the splice closure to a splice in the field. involves bringing the two halves together around the splices. In this process it is essential that the compound knit or inelastically flow around each individual connector splice. without becoming elastically strained. There must be no elastic force buildup in the compound that would resist a full enveloping of each splice.
A prime inventive object. therefore. is to realize a soft encapsulating material that inelastically flows around splices over a wide temperature range.
A further principal object of the invention is to realize a waterproofing compound that has substantially the temperature characteristics defined in the preceding paragraphs.
A general inventive object is to more efi'ectively protect electrical splice points from the corrosive effects of water, particularly telephone conductors at splice points where the corrosion can degrade or eliminate telephone service.
Another general inventive object is to provide an electrically and chemically inert flowable material that will protect articles from many adverse ambients.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In a broad sense the invention involves a protective encasing material consisting ofa low viscosity oil gelled by a block copolymer.
Advantageously for telephone cable splices. the oil to be gelled is a mineral oil because of its low viscosity at ambient temperatures (360 in SUS units). and its low pour point of about 0F to l5F. Also. mineral oil is a paraffinic/naphthenic material and therefore will not stress crack splicing connectors which increasingly are made of polycarbonate.
Pursuant to an important aspect ofthe invention. the filling material is gelled using a block copolymer composed of styrene-isoprene-styrene (hereinafter called SIS).
SIS when used alone in mineral oil in the range 0.5 to 5.0 weight percent of the final product creates a sub stance ranging from an elastic fluid to an elastic semi rigid gel.
However. pursuant to this invention the undesirable elastic properties of the foregoing are reduced by a blend of mineral oil. SIS. and polyolefin wherein the SIS is present in from 0.5 to 5.0 weight percent of the total produce and the polyolefin is present in from 6.0 to 15.0 weight percent of the total product. The polyolefin performs the further desirable functions of substantially reducing the yield shear stress in the final gelled compound and also supplying high temperature stability or resistance to slump up to substantially F.
An advantageous encapsulating gel within the above system consists of mineral oil with from L5 to 3.0 weight percent of SIS and from 10.0 to 13.25 weight percent polyolefin stated in weight percent of the total product. Compositions within these ranges exhibit gel stability up to temperatures of l40-l60F.. as well as substantial nonelasticity.
A preferred encapsulating gel consists of mineral oil. SIS and polyolefin in which the SIS is present in from 2.0 to 2.25 weight percent of the total product and the polyolefin is present in from l3.0 to 13.25 weight percent of the total product. Compositions within these ranges are most desirable for nonelastic character and high temperature slump resistance.
Within the broad invention. an inelastic gel which is sufficiently fluid to be pumped at temperatures near 0F is achieved in a blend of mineral oil. SIS and polyolefin in which the SIS is present in from [.5 to 2.0 weight percent of the final product and the polyolefin is present in from 6 to 8 percent of the final product.
A specific preferred encapsulant composition pursuant to the invention. which exhibits both a high degree of inelasticity and substantial temperature stability. consists of 84.5 weight percent mineral oil. 2.25 weight percent SIS and l3.25 weight percent polyethylene.
A specific preferred encapsulant composition useful for field filling closures at temperatures near 0F. consists of 92.0 weight percent mineral oil. 2.0 weight percent SIS and 6.0 weight percent polyethylene.
The preferred polyolefin is polyethylene because of its ready processability. Either high density or low density polyethylene is usable to substantially equal advantage in the invention. The most advantageous number average molecular weight range within which the polyolefin component of the present invention lies is substantially from l.000 to l5.000. A preferred range for ease of blending is from l.000 to 5.000. More specifically. a preferred range for blending high density polyethylene is from 2.000 to 5.000.
The SIS component of the fill desirably is constituted of at least two styrene blocks per molecule. The molecular weight distribution advantageously. although not necessarily. falls within the range of l-2. The weight average molecular weight of the styrene unit advantageously falls within the range of 5.000 to l0.000. The weight average molecular weight of the isoprene unit advantageously falls within the range of 40.000 to 60.000. Desirably. the isoprene unit weight average molecular weight is substantially 50.000. Also advantageously. on a weight-percent basis, each isoprene block of an average SIS molecule is about 60%. and each styrene block is about White mineral oils are a complex mixture of paraffin and naphthene hydrocarbons which. for use in the present invention. prefereably include approximately 18 to 36 carbon atoms with the hydrocarbons substantially saturated. importantly these oils undergo no phase changes in the 0F through I60F temperature range of present interest.
Pursuant to a further aspect of the invention the yield shear stress of the gels is further reduced by preshearing the materials. The original properties may be recovered. if desired. by reheating the presheared material above about 194F.
Pursuant to another aspect of the invention. the requirement of storability without leakage at I40I60F is met concurrently with the requirement of "knitaround when the compound is applied to splices. by stratifying the compound within the closure. With stratifying. the portion of the compound contacting the splice is made relatively soft and plastic, while the remainder is stiff and hard. The softening of the material is achieved by subjecting it to shear forces. which break down some of the bonds creating the gel.
The invention and its further objects, features, and advantages will be made more readily apparent by the descriptions to follow of illustrative embodiments.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING FIG. I is a schematic perspective diagram of a closure suitable for receiving filling material of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a side schematic view showing the closure of FIG. I installed on a cable or cables;
FIG. 3 is a sectional front view ofa closure similar to that of FIG. I; and
FIG. 4 is a further variety of closure suitable for use with the filling material of the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATIVE EMBODIMENTS The invention will first be described by way ofseveral illustrations of materials systems consisting of various amounts of mineral oil, SIS, and polyolefin (principally low density polyethylene, and their preparation).
Example 1 A blend of 85 parts by weight mineral oil, 2 parts by weight SIS and 13 parts by weight low density polyethylene with appropriate stabilizer was produced. The polyethylene had a number average molecular weight of substantially 2.000. Because the isoprene units will oxidatively degrade by chain scission. the blending temperature was kept between 3 l6F and 364F. Due to the compatibility of the materials. simple stirring with magnetic bars was sufficient to bring all materials into solution. On cooling substantially below the glass transition of polyethylene. a gel was formed. The ability of the blend to remain cohesively together under its own weight was tested. A 300 gram sample of the blend was poured hot into a 400 ml circular beaker. The sample was allowed to cool for a period of l7 hours after which its temperature was about F. The sample was then turned upside down and exposed to a temperature of about I40F for 48 hours. During this period mineral oil separation totaling less than I percent of that originally present was measured. thus establishing the ability of the blend to resist slumping.
Example 2 A composition consisting of 84.5 parts by weight mineral oil. 2.25 parts by weight SIS, and 13.25 parts by weight polyethylene was made by the procedure of Example I. A gel having substantially the same characteristics of Example I was obtained.
Example 3 A blend of parts by weight mineral oil. 3 parts by weight SIS and 12 parts by weight polyethylene was made by the method of Example I. A sample was applied to a test splice connector and visually found to exhibit only slight-and for most purposes insignificant-drawback. signifying acceptable inelasticity. Slump temperature properties were observed to be substantially as found in the Example I composition.
Example 4 A blend of 85 parts by weight mineral oil, 5 parts by weight SIS and I0 parts by weight polyethylene was prepared by the method of Example I. The blend exhibited no significant temperature slump dissociation until the I40-l60F range. Its inelasticity was marginally acceptable at 70F. By hot-melt encapsulation-- that is, heating the blend to about 390F and pouring the blend over the article to be encapsulated. and then allowing the blend to gel on coolingdrawback resulting from the relative elasticity is greatly minimized or eliminated.
Example 5 A blend of 87-3-10 parts by weight mineral oil, SIS, and polyethylene respectively was prepared by the method of Example I, cooled to about 70F and applied to a test connector. Its inelasticity was observed to be acceptable. On heating, no significant temperature slump was encountered until the range of l40-l60F. Use of this mix as a hot-melt encapsulant is preferred.
Example 6 A blend of 86.5-3.5-l0 parts by weight mineral oil, SIS. and polyethylene respectively was prepared as in Example I and found to exhibit substantially the same characteristics as did the Example 5 blend. Use as a hot-melt encapsulant is preferred.
Example 7 A blend of 85.5-l.5-l3 parts by weight mineral oil, SlS, and polyethylene respectively was prepared pursuant to the method of Example 1. The blend exhibited the desirable high temperature properties of the Example l blend.
Example 8 A blend of 84.5-0.5 -l5 respective parts by weight of mineral oil, SIS, and polyethylene was produced by the method of Example 1. The resulting composition exhibited highly desirable temperature stability to about l60F. The observed elasticity was considered acceptable for certain encapsulation jobs. Hot-melt encapsulation renders the blend acceptable for a wider range of applications.
Example 9 A blend consisting of 92.0-2.0-6.0 parts by weight respectively of mineral oil, SlS, and polyethylene was produced as in Example I. The resulting composition on cooling to 70F was acceptably inelastic. A sample of the blend was placed in a syringe and brought down to a temperature of 0F. The material was easily extruded. from the syringe, without undergoing oil separation or gel breakdown due to shearing. This material is preferred as a fill to be applied to splice closured by crewman working in the field during colder weather.
Example 10 A blend consisting of 92.5-1.5-6.0 parts by weight respectively of mineral oil, SIS, and polyethylene was produced as in Example I. The resulting composition exhibited somewhat more softness than that of Example 9, connoting a reduced but still acceptable gelproducing pseudo-network. The product was easily pumped at 0F. Temperature stability up to substantially 140F is obtainable.
Example l l A blend consisting of 90.0-2.0-8.0 parts by weight respectively of mineral oil, SIS, and polyethylene was produced as in Example I. The resulting composition exhibited a more desirable degree of inelasticity than the products of Examples 9 and 10. Its purhpability at 0F was demonstrated. Its temperature stability was acceptable up to substantially l50-l60F.
Experiments were made with blends of mineral oil and polyethylene respectively without SIS. The resulting compositions significantly lacked gel stability. Moreover, the compositions exhibited drastic shear thinning (as, for example, when pumped or molded around a splice), with insignificant recovery following termination of the shear.
Experiments were also made with blends of mineral oil and 0.5-5.0 weight percent SlS, without polyethylene. The resulting gel at all points exhibited at least an undesirable degree of elasticity, and an undesirably narrow temperature stability range. The relative acceptability of gel-type encapsulants as a function in part of gel elasticity, is a factor not heretofore considered in any depth by designers of encapsulants for electrical splices. The factor is assessible in a number of ways, including: microscopic measurement of drawback" of a given encapsulant from a given splice configuration; visual inspection of drawback in a given Volume Percent Material Swell Mineral Poly- Oil SIS ethylene 85.0 5.0 I00 64 86.5 3.5 [0.0 57 87.0 3.0 [0.0 43 85.0 3.0 I20 35 The data suggests the variability of elasticity with differing blends. It should be recognized, however, that overall acceptability of a given gel is also a function of its temperature stability properties.
Mineral oils suitable in the above formulations include Drakeol 35 from Pennsylvania Refining Co. and Pentol from Witco Chemical. In general, mineral oils are all similar in composition; but some contain impurities and unsaturated hydrocarbons, and vary in odor and color. Many of the unsaturated hydrocarbons are aromatic and these may cause stress cracking of polycarbonate, for example. For this reason the use of an unsaturated mineral oil is some applications of the in vention would depend on its stress-cracking activity. White mineral oil is a preferred material, however. for its freedom from stress cracking.
An antioxidant stabilizer such as lrganoz lOl0 available from Ciba-Geigy, or lonol from Shell Chemical of the hindered phenol type has been found desirable. The addition of about 0.] weight percent of stabilizer to the compounds of Examples l-ll is desirable.
Closure Structure A closure which is generally suitable to receive the preferred compounds described above, is depicted in FIG. I as consisting of an upper half 10 and a lower half ll, advantageously sharing a common hinge l2. The fill material designated 13 is placed either in the factory, or where appropriate in the field, within each of the halves. The outer edges of the halves 10, ll are formed as an extending lip designated 10a for the upper half and lla for the lower half. To accommodate telephone cables to be spliced, the lips 10a, are provided with a throat section formed by semicylindrical portions denoted 15.
A variation of the closure shown in FIG. 1 is depicted in FIG. 2 as having a dual diameter neck portion denoted 16. to accommodate, for example, cables l7, l8 and wires 19, 20.
The assembling of either of the closures shown in H6. 1 and FIG. 2 is facilitated by use of the spring clips such as 21, 22, 23, and 24 which grasp and secure the outwardly extending edges of the upper and lower halves.
In order to meet the requirement of storage at temperatures at least up to I40F without leakage for those closures filled in the factory, the compound must have substantially strong bonds which in turn may cause it to be harder or more solidified at normal working temperatures than is desired. To the extent the compound is elastic, it will not flow as readily into all the interstices about the splices when the closure is sealed about the splice joint. A method has been discovered of solving the foregoing problem. by stratifying the compound within the closure. The portion of the compound in intimate contact with the splices is made relatively soft and flexible and thus can be easily redistributed to fill all interstices thereabout. The remainder of the compound in the closure is made stiff and thus provides added strength to prevent leakage at the high storage temperatures.
One way of softening or deelasticizing the gels is to release the yield shear stress by preshearing of the material. This can be achived by any mechanical working of the material. Experiments have also revealed that the original properties are recovered by a reheating of the sheared material in the region of approximately l90F.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view through the midsection of a closure 110 in an open configuration showing a stratified formation of the compound therein. A first layer or Stratum 30:: of compound 30 having a relatively rigid structure to provide stiff support at the high storage temperatures and to inhibit the movement of the conductor splices out to the walls of the cover. is formed in the bottom of cavities 118 and I of cover halves I12 and 114, respectively. A second relatively soft layer or stratum b of compound 30 is formed over layer 30a. The splices lie in the compound 30 so that when closure 110 is sealed about the splice joint, the relatively soft layer 30b is easily redistributed about the splices filling all interstices at the parting line of the closure l It). A sheet of separator material I lies over layer 30b and temporary separator blocks I42 or a separator frame can be placed thereon for shipping and to allow slight overfilling of the closure if desired. The separator is removed at installation.
The relative thicknesses of layers 30a and 3011 depend upon such factors as the size of the specific closure being utilized and the number of splices to be placed therein and hence the quantity of relatively soft flexible compound required to fill all interstices. The maximum thickness of layer 30b is set by the mechanical properties of the sheared material. The thickness of 30a simply fills the rest of the cavity. When the thickness of the layer 30b is near the maximum allowable thickness, the throat section of the closure, such as designated 15 in FIG. 1, advantageously can be filled with the relatively stiffer material comprising layer 30:: in order to help support the softer less viscous material in layer 30h when the closure is stored on end. i.e.. in an upright position.
The formation of strata or layers in a compound having a uniform composition throughout. but having different yield shear stresses for the various strata, is accomplished by forming the strata by different mechani cal processes. For example, if the composition is subjected to the previously described shearing pressures or forces such as those encountered when the material is extruded through a nozzle. the yield shear stress thereof is decreased because some of the bonds creating the gelled condition are ruptured. This phenomena is utilized in forming the strata. such as 300 and 30b. For example, stratum or layer 300 comprises a layer of compound 30 which is hot-poured into the closure while the compound 30 is in a liquid state. When layer 30a cools. it gels or solidifies to form an extensive internal bonding network which results in a relatively stiff strong layer. Layer 30b comprises a layer of compound 30 which is extruded through a nozzle at room temperature thereby shearing and rupturing a portion of the bonds and resulting in a relatively soft, that is, low yield shear stress layer which can be easily forced into interstices. The shearing pressure applied to the compound of layer 30b is determined by the nozzle size, rate of extrusion. etc.. and will depend upon such factors as the composition being utilized and the relative degree of low yield shear stress required in layer 30b.
FIG. 4 illustrates a further variety of spliced closure constructed pursuant to this aspect of the invention. The closure denoted 60 consists of two halves 61, 62, advantageously joined by a common hinge 63, and including extended edge portions 64 on each half which abut when the closure is sealed. The edge portions 64 of the closure 60 are provided with semicylindrical throat portions 75, 76, 77, 78 to accommodate incoming and outgoing cables 80. 81, 82, and 83. The numerous splice mechanisms, denoted generally as in FIG. 4 are merely symbolic of the type of splice connector that can be used in this closure. The splices 90 are shown as completed and ready to be embedded and encased in the fill 30.
The spirit of the invention is embraced in the scope of the claims to follow.
What is claimed is:
1. In combination: a plurality of insulated conductor splice points enveloped in a waterproof encapsulating agent comprising from 84.5 to 92.5 parts by weight of mineral oil. from 0.5 to 3.0 parts by weight styreneisoprene-styrene block copolymer, and from 6.0 to 13.0 parts by weight of polyethylene having a weight average molecular weight above 2000.
2. A closure receiving and encapsulating therein a plurality of spliced insulated conductors. comprising:
a lower shell and an upper shell mating along extended flat edge portions and each shell having a recess.
a plurality of spliced electrical conductors disposed between said shells the recess of each said shell containing an encapsulating agent enveloping said splicid electrical conductors. and comprising a blend of from 84.5 to 92.5 parts by weight of mineral oil, from 0.5 to 3.0 parts by weight of styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer, and from 6.0 to 13.25 parts by weight of a polyolefin.
3. A closure pursuant to claim 2, further comprising elongated clip means fastening said upper and said lower shells together along their respective extended edge portions.
4. A closure pursuant to claim 3, wherein the parts by weight of said mineral oil are in the range of 84.5 to 87.0, the parts by weight of said styrene-isoprenestyrene block copolymer are in the range 1.5 to 3.0. and the parts by weight of said polyolefin are in the range 10.0 to 13.25.
5. A closure pursuant to claim 4 wherein said agent condained in each said mating shell is stratified into a first layer contacting said electrical splices, and a second layer filling the remainder of said shell, said first layer adapted to be rendered relatively soft by subjecting the some to shearing motion and said second layer 9 being relatively rigid providing stiff support and protection for said first layer.
6. An article of manufacture useful as a closure for protecting a plurality of spliced insulated conductors of a telephone cable comprising:
a lower shell and an upper shell having flat outer edges formed as a generally rectilinear extending lip, said lower half being joined to said upper half along a common hinge formed by a connection of a lip edge of said first half and a corresponding lip edge of said second half.
an encapsulating agent substantially filling said lower half and said upper half and comprising:
a blend of from 84.5 to 92.5 parts by weight of mineral oil. from 0.5 to 3.0 parts by weight of styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer, and from 6.0 to 13.25 parts by weight ofa polyolefin. the said agent being stratified into a first layer located substantially at the level of said edges for contacting said splice. and a second layer filling the remainder of said lower half and said upper half. said first layer adapted to be rendered relatively soft by subjecting the same to shearing motion. and said second layer being relatively rigid to supply stiff support and protection for said first layer. and a sheet of separator material placed over said first layer.

Claims (6)

1. In combination: a plurality of insulated conductor splice points enveloped in a waterproof encapsulating agent comprising from 84.5 to 92.5 parts by weight of mineral oil, from 0.5 to 3.0 parts by weight styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer, and from 6.0 to 13.0 parts by weight of polyethylene having a weight average molecular weight above 2000.
1. In combination: a plurality of insulated conductor splice points enveloped in a waterproof encapsulating agent comprising from 84.5 to 92.5 parts by weight of mineral oil, from 0.5 to 3.0 parts by weight styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer, and from 6.0 to 13.0 parts by weight of polyethylene having a weight average molecular weight above 2000.
2. A closure receiving and encapsulating therein a plurality of spliced insulated conductors, comprising: a lower shell and an upper shell mating along extended flat edge portions and each shell having a recess, a plurality of spliced electrical conductors disposed between said shells the recess of each said shell containing an encapsulating agent enveloping said splicid electrical conductors, and comprising a blend of from 84.5 to 92.5 parts by weight of mineral oil, from 0.5 to 3.0 parts by weight of styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer, and from 6.0 to 13.25 parts by weight of a polyolefin.
3. A closure pursuant to claim 2, further comprising elongated clip means fastening said upper and said lower shells together along their respective extended edge portions.
4. A closure pursuant to claim 3, wherein the parts by weight of said mineral oil are in the range of 84.5 to 87.0, the parts by weight of said styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer are in the range 1.5 to 3.0, and the parts by weight of said polyolefIn are in the range 10.0 to 13.25.
5. A closure pursuant to claim 4 wherein said agent condained in each said mating shell is stratified into a first layer contacting said electrical splices, and a second layer filling the remainder of said shell, said first layer adapted to be rendered relatively soft by subjecting the some to shearing motion and said second layer being relatively rigid providing stiff support and protection for said first layer.
US444344A 1974-02-21 1974-02-21 Encapsulating compound and closure Expired - Lifetime US3879575A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US444344A US3879575A (en) 1974-02-21 1974-02-21 Encapsulating compound and closure

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US444344A US3879575A (en) 1974-02-21 1974-02-21 Encapsulating compound and closure

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3879575A true US3879575A (en) 1975-04-22

Family

ID=23764519

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US444344A Expired - Lifetime US3879575A (en) 1974-02-21 1974-02-21 Encapsulating compound and closure

Country Status (1)

Country Link
US (1) US3879575A (en)

Cited By (124)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3962554A (en) * 1975-04-02 1976-06-08 Superior Continental Corporation Electrical insulation protector means
FR2335078A1 (en) * 1975-12-08 1977-07-08 Raychem Corp BOXES FOR SURROUNDING SUBSTRATES, ESPECIALLY CABLE SPLICES
US4102807A (en) * 1975-04-24 1978-07-25 Nitto Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Hydrous gel and process for its preparation
US4168258A (en) * 1978-02-15 1979-09-18 N L Industries, Inc. Grease compatible, mineral oil extended polyurethane
US4171998A (en) * 1974-01-11 1979-10-23 N L Industries, Inc. Method for decontaminating and sealing the interior spaces of an insulated electrical device utilizing mineral oil-extended polyurethanes
DE2830458A1 (en) * 1978-04-18 1979-10-25 Royston Lab ISOLATOR FOR CONNECTING CABLE LINES
USRE30321E (en) * 1974-01-11 1980-07-01 N L Industries, Inc. Mineral oil extended polyurethane system containing a coupling agent for decontaminating and sealing the interior spaces of an insulated electrical device
US4231986A (en) * 1979-04-06 1980-11-04 Nl Industries, Inc. Grease compatible mineral oil extended polyurethane
US4281210A (en) * 1978-02-15 1981-07-28 Nl Industries, Inc. Electrical devices containing a grease compatible, mineral oil extended polyurethane
US4324453A (en) * 1981-02-19 1982-04-13 Siecor Corporation Filling materials for electrical and light waveguide communications cables
US4337374A (en) * 1981-01-26 1982-06-29 Communications Technology Corporation Service wire splice enclosure
US4361508A (en) * 1980-10-20 1982-11-30 Arco Polymers, Inc. Cable filler compositions comprising a mixture of (a) styrene block copolymer, (b) crystalline polypropylene copolymer and (c) mineral oil
US4361507A (en) * 1980-10-20 1982-11-30 Arco Polymers, Inc. Cable filler composition containing (a) crystalline polypropylene homopolymer, (b) styrene block copolymer and (c) mineral oil
US4451696A (en) * 1982-11-15 1984-05-29 Amp Incorporated Toolless splice sealant device
US4464013A (en) * 1982-03-29 1984-08-07 At&T Bell Laboratories Filled optical fiber cables
US4568138A (en) * 1984-11-08 1986-02-04 Mckenzie Thomas J Electrical wire connector
EP0189240A1 (en) * 1985-01-04 1986-07-30 RAYCHEM CORPORATION (a Delaware corporation) Splice case
WO1986006561A1 (en) * 1985-05-02 1986-11-06 Raychem Corporation Cable sealing
FR2583314A1 (en) * 1985-06-13 1986-12-19 Raychem Sa Nv METHOD FOR ENSURING THE ENVIRONMENTAL SEALING OF A HOLLOW SURFACE USING AN ARTICLE AND THAT ARTICLE
US4639483A (en) * 1985-05-09 1987-01-27 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Soap-thickened reenterable gelled encapsulants
US4647717A (en) * 1985-05-02 1987-03-03 Raychem Corp. Gel filled container
US4721832A (en) * 1985-05-02 1988-01-26 Raychem Corporation Electrical connection sealing device
US4743636A (en) * 1985-05-28 1988-05-10 W. R. Grace & Co. Sealing compound comprising cork powder and talc fillers
US4756851A (en) * 1985-05-09 1988-07-12 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Soap-thickened reenterable gelled encapsulants
US4795857A (en) * 1988-01-29 1989-01-03 Gardenamerica Corporation Waterproof housing for the spliced ends of electrical cables
US4798853A (en) * 1984-12-28 1989-01-17 Shell Oil Company Kraton G thermoplastic elastomer gel filling composition for cables
EP0328386A2 (en) * 1988-02-11 1989-08-16 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Environmental protection closure for wire splices
US4865905A (en) * 1983-06-23 1989-09-12 Raychem Corporation Article for protection of a substrate
US4870117A (en) * 1986-09-12 1989-09-26 American Telephone And Telegraph Company, At&T Bell Laboratories Filled cables
US4909756A (en) * 1985-01-04 1990-03-20 Raychem Corp. Splice case
US4943685A (en) * 1989-03-17 1990-07-24 Commu-Tec, Inc. Cable splicing and termination system
US4963698A (en) * 1985-05-02 1990-10-16 Raychem Corporation Cable sealing
US4998894A (en) * 1988-10-06 1991-03-12 Raychem Corporation Coaxial cable connector seal
US5011880A (en) * 1987-07-20 1991-04-30 Northern Telecom Limited Fire retardent and water blocking filling compositions for cables
US5099088A (en) * 1989-07-19 1992-03-24 Three Bond Co., Ltd. Means for splicing wires
US5140746A (en) * 1982-10-12 1992-08-25 Raychem Corporation Method and device for making electrical connector
WO1993014547A1 (en) * 1990-04-13 1993-07-22 Raychem Corporation Splice case
US5301959A (en) * 1989-10-04 1994-04-12 British Telecommunications Public Limited Company Sealing gland
US5354210A (en) * 1991-08-23 1994-10-11 The Whitaker Corporation Sealant compositions and sealed electrical connectors
US5357057A (en) * 1982-10-12 1994-10-18 Raychem Corporation Protected electrical connector
US5360350A (en) * 1991-08-23 1994-11-01 The Whitaker Corporation Sealant compositions and sealed electrical connectors
US5371323A (en) * 1993-03-10 1994-12-06 Keptel, Inc. Splice housing apparatus
US5397859A (en) * 1993-12-10 1995-03-14 The Whitaker Corporation Enclosure with sealant for spliced coaxial cables
WO1995011543A1 (en) * 1993-10-18 1995-04-27 Raychem Corporation Closure for high voltage cable connections
US5416271A (en) * 1991-10-29 1995-05-16 General Signal Corporation Electrical cable penetration seal with compliant module
US5418001A (en) * 1987-12-01 1995-05-23 Raychem Corporation Environmental sealing
WO1995031025A1 (en) * 1994-05-04 1995-11-16 General Signal Corporation Electrical cable penetration seal with compliant module
GB2299343A (en) * 1995-03-17 1996-10-02 Campbell Dussek Ltd Hydrophobic compositions useful as cable fillers
WO1997004465A1 (en) * 1995-07-14 1997-02-06 Norsk Hydro A.S Electrical insulating oil based compound and its use
US5606150A (en) * 1995-07-25 1997-02-25 The Whitaker Corporation Enclosure for spliced cable
US5684274A (en) * 1995-12-04 1997-11-04 Kmd Technologies, Inc. Enclosure for cable splice assembly
US5691508A (en) * 1995-07-25 1997-11-25 The Whitaker Corporation Enclosure for spliced multiconductor cable
US5763835A (en) * 1995-11-01 1998-06-09 Raychem Corporation Gel-filled closure
US5783776A (en) * 1991-10-29 1998-07-21 O-Z Gedney Company Llc Electrical cable penetration seal with compliant module
US5844021A (en) * 1991-08-23 1998-12-01 The Whitaker Corporation Sealant compositions and sealed electrical connectors
US5844171A (en) * 1997-04-22 1998-12-01 Mev Corporation Environmentally enclosed cable splice
US6036525A (en) * 1998-11-02 2000-03-14 Alfis, Iii; Michael V. Sealable enclosure for electrical cable connectors
US6036526A (en) * 1996-12-13 2000-03-14 Alfis, Iii; Michael V. Sealable enclosure for electrical cable connectors
US6039596A (en) * 1997-11-10 2000-03-21 The Whitaker Corporation Gaskets for power cable tap connector
US6083035A (en) * 1997-04-10 2000-07-04 The Whitaker Corporation Power cable tap connector with cable-sealing gaskets
US6095867A (en) * 1998-09-21 2000-08-01 Rockwell Technologies, Llc Method and apparatus for transmitting power and data signals via a network connector system including integral power capacitors
US6179644B1 (en) 1997-11-07 2001-01-30 Rockwell Technologies, Llc Power and data network system media architecture
US6232557B1 (en) 1997-11-07 2001-05-15 Rockwell Technologies, Llc Network cable and modular connection for such a cable
US6303865B1 (en) * 1993-05-24 2001-10-16 Yazaki Corporation Waterproof structure for wire harness
US6374023B1 (en) 1999-05-28 2002-04-16 Corning Cable Systems Llc Communication cable containing novel filling material in buffer tube
WO2002042822A1 (en) * 2000-11-27 2002-05-30 Corning Cable Systems Llc Communication cable containing novel filling material
US6463199B1 (en) 1999-05-28 2002-10-08 Corning Cable Systems Llc Fiber optic cables with at least one water blocking zone
US6748146B2 (en) 1999-05-28 2004-06-08 Corning Cable Systems Llc Communication cable having a soft housing
US20040145899A1 (en) * 2003-01-28 2004-07-29 Riebling Michael L. In-grade light fixture with hydraulic isolation
US20050118851A1 (en) * 2003-12-02 2005-06-02 King Lloyd H.Jr. Wire connector
US7006740B1 (en) 1999-05-28 2006-02-28 Corning Cable Systems, Llc Communication cable having a soft housing
US20060093303A1 (en) * 2004-11-03 2006-05-04 Randy Reagan Fiber drop terminal
US20060153516A1 (en) * 2005-01-13 2006-07-13 Napiorkowski John J Network interface device having integral slack storage compartment
US20060233506A1 (en) * 2005-04-19 2006-10-19 Michael Noonan Fiber breakout with integral connector
US20060247359A1 (en) * 2005-04-28 2006-11-02 3M Innovative Properties Company Sealant materials and methods of using thereof
US20060270785A1 (en) * 2005-05-31 2006-11-30 Dower William V Sealant materials containing diblock copolymers and methods of making thereof
US7247796B2 (en) 2003-10-28 2007-07-24 3M Innovative Properties Company Filling materials
US7251411B1 (en) 2006-03-09 2007-07-31 Adc Telecommunication, Inc. Fiber optic cable breakout configuration with “Y” block
US20070209821A1 (en) * 2004-04-26 2007-09-13 Sumitomo Wiring Systems, Ltd. Waterproof Structure And Waterproof Method For Wire Connecting Part
US20070212009A1 (en) * 2006-03-09 2007-09-13 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Fiber optic cable breakout configuration with retention block
US20070212005A1 (en) * 2006-03-09 2007-09-13 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Mid-span breakout with helical fiber routing
US20070212003A1 (en) * 2006-03-09 2007-09-13 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Mid-span breakout with potted closure
US7289714B1 (en) 2006-09-26 2007-10-30 Adc Telecommunication, Inc. Tubing wrap procedure
US20080037945A1 (en) * 2006-08-09 2008-02-14 Jeff Gniadek Cable payout systems and methods
US7333708B2 (en) 2004-01-27 2008-02-19 Corning Cable Systems Llc Multi-port optical connection terminal
US20080080818A1 (en) * 2006-08-14 2008-04-03 Cobb John C Iii Factory Spliced Cable Assembly
US20080085091A1 (en) * 2006-10-10 2008-04-10 Dennis Ray Wells Systems and methods for securing a tether to a distribution cable
US20080089652A1 (en) * 2006-10-13 2008-04-17 Dennis Ray Wells Overmold zip strip
US20080112681A1 (en) * 2004-02-06 2008-05-15 Battey Jennifer A Optical connection closure having at least one connector port
WO2008077393A1 (en) * 2006-12-27 2008-07-03 Cellpack Gmbh Filling and sealing system for electrically insulating housings and claddings for accommodating cable and line connections
US20080187274A1 (en) * 2007-02-06 2008-08-07 Scott Carlson Polyurethane to polyethylene adhesion process
US7418177B2 (en) 2005-11-10 2008-08-26 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Fiber optic cable breakout system, packaging arrangement, and method of installation
US7422378B2 (en) 2006-03-09 2008-09-09 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Fiber optic cable breakout configuration with excess fiber length
US20080219631A1 (en) * 2007-03-08 2008-09-11 Erik Gronvall Universal bracket for mounting a drop terminal
US20080253722A1 (en) * 2007-04-12 2008-10-16 Erik Gronvall Fiber optic telecommunications cable assembly
US20080253729A1 (en) * 2007-04-12 2008-10-16 Erik Gronvall Fiber optic cable breakout configuration with tensile reinforcement
US20090003781A1 (en) * 2007-06-28 2009-01-01 Draka Comteq B.V. Optical Fiber Cable Having A Deformable Coupling Element
US20090003785A1 (en) * 2007-06-28 2009-01-01 Draka Comteq B.V. Coupling Composition for Optical Fiber Cables
US20090003779A1 (en) * 2007-06-28 2009-01-01 Draka Comteq B.V. Optical Fiber Cable Having Raised Coupling Supports
US20090022460A1 (en) * 2006-08-14 2009-01-22 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Factory Spliced Cable Assembly
US20090060431A1 (en) * 2007-09-05 2009-03-05 Yu Lu Indoor Fiber Optic Distribution Cable
US20090074369A1 (en) * 2007-09-19 2009-03-19 Albert Martin Bolton Multi-port optical connection terminal
US20100022119A1 (en) * 2006-12-20 2010-01-28 Christophe Desard Connector article for a cable, holder for a connector of such a connection article, and kit for connecting cables
US7680388B2 (en) 2004-11-03 2010-03-16 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Methods for configuring and testing fiber drop terminals
US20100092146A1 (en) * 2008-10-14 2010-04-15 Conner Mark E Optical Fiber Management Shelf for Optical Connection Terminals
US20100124454A1 (en) * 2008-11-18 2010-05-20 Tyco Electronics Corporation Sealant-filled enclosures and methods for environmentally protecting a connection
US20100122829A1 (en) * 2008-11-18 2010-05-20 Tyco Electronics Corporation Sealant-filled enclosures and methods for environmentally protecting a connection
US20100122827A1 (en) * 2008-11-18 2010-05-20 Tyco Electronics Corporation Sealant-filled enclosures and methods for environmentally protecting a connection
US7905621B1 (en) 2008-01-18 2011-03-15 Genlyte Thomas Group, Llc In-grade lighting fixture
US20120013079A1 (en) * 2009-02-04 2012-01-19 Roxtec Ab pipe or cable lead-through having layers of different thickness
US20130175069A1 (en) * 2010-09-30 2013-07-11 Autonetworks Technologies, Ltd. Method of manufacturing waterproof intermediate spliced portion of wires and waterproof intermediate unit of wires
US8740223B1 (en) * 2009-05-07 2014-06-03 Dan Alpi Method and apparatus for sealing connections between electrical power cords
US8755663B2 (en) 2010-10-28 2014-06-17 Corning Cable Systems Llc Impact resistant fiber optic enclosures and related methods
US8873926B2 (en) 2012-04-26 2014-10-28 Corning Cable Systems Llc Fiber optic enclosures employing clamping assemblies for strain relief of cables, and related assemblies and methods
US20140326708A1 (en) * 2013-05-02 2014-11-06 W.E.T. Automotive Systems, Ltd. Liquid resistant heating element
US8885998B2 (en) 2010-12-09 2014-11-11 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Splice enclosure arrangement for fiber optic cables
US8915659B2 (en) 2010-05-14 2014-12-23 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Splice enclosure arrangement for fiber optic cables
US8985586B1 (en) 2009-05-07 2015-03-24 Dan Alpi Method and apparatus for sealing connections between electrical extension cords
US9069151B2 (en) 2011-10-26 2015-06-30 Corning Cable Systems Llc Composite cable breakout assembly
US20170346198A1 (en) * 2016-05-24 2017-11-30 Hubbell Incorporated Oxide inhibitor capsule
EP3598597A1 (en) * 2018-07-21 2020-01-22 TKW Elektrotechnische Spezialkabel, Leitungen & Zubehör e.K. Security box with fastening means
US10840615B2 (en) 2018-06-28 2020-11-17 Te Connectivity Corporation Connection enclosure assemblies, connector systems and methods for forming an enclosed connection between conductors
US11271381B2 (en) * 2019-09-20 2022-03-08 Baker Hughes Oilfield Operations Llc Systems and methods for subsea wiring splices
US11431114B2 (en) 2020-02-14 2022-08-30 Te Connectivity Solutions Gmbh Enclosed connection systems for forming an enclosed connection between conductors, and methods including same

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US121553A (en) * 1871-12-05 Improvement in photographic cameras
US2906810A (en) * 1956-02-15 1959-09-29 Anaconda Wire & Cable Co Insulated electric conductor splice
US3607487A (en) * 1968-12-02 1971-09-21 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Waterproof electrical cable
US3830953A (en) * 1970-02-16 1974-08-20 Inmont Corp Cable sealant
US3836695A (en) * 1972-02-22 1974-09-17 Inmont Corp Cable sealant composition and method of sealing cable

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US121553A (en) * 1871-12-05 Improvement in photographic cameras
US2906810A (en) * 1956-02-15 1959-09-29 Anaconda Wire & Cable Co Insulated electric conductor splice
US3607487A (en) * 1968-12-02 1971-09-21 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Waterproof electrical cable
US3830953A (en) * 1970-02-16 1974-08-20 Inmont Corp Cable sealant
US3836695A (en) * 1972-02-22 1974-09-17 Inmont Corp Cable sealant composition and method of sealing cable

Cited By (214)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USRE30321E (en) * 1974-01-11 1980-07-01 N L Industries, Inc. Mineral oil extended polyurethane system containing a coupling agent for decontaminating and sealing the interior spaces of an insulated electrical device
US4171998A (en) * 1974-01-11 1979-10-23 N L Industries, Inc. Method for decontaminating and sealing the interior spaces of an insulated electrical device utilizing mineral oil-extended polyurethanes
US3962554A (en) * 1975-04-02 1976-06-08 Superior Continental Corporation Electrical insulation protector means
US4102807A (en) * 1975-04-24 1978-07-25 Nitto Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Hydrous gel and process for its preparation
FR2335078A1 (en) * 1975-12-08 1977-07-08 Raychem Corp BOXES FOR SURROUNDING SUBSTRATES, ESPECIALLY CABLE SPLICES
US4168258A (en) * 1978-02-15 1979-09-18 N L Industries, Inc. Grease compatible, mineral oil extended polyurethane
US4281210A (en) * 1978-02-15 1981-07-28 Nl Industries, Inc. Electrical devices containing a grease compatible, mineral oil extended polyurethane
DE2830458A1 (en) * 1978-04-18 1979-10-25 Royston Lab ISOLATOR FOR CONNECTING CABLE LINES
FR2423901A1 (en) * 1978-04-18 1979-11-16 Royston Lab SPLICE INSULATOR
US4176245A (en) * 1978-04-18 1979-11-27 Royston Laboratories, Inc. Wire splice insulators
US4231986A (en) * 1979-04-06 1980-11-04 Nl Industries, Inc. Grease compatible mineral oil extended polyurethane
US4361507A (en) * 1980-10-20 1982-11-30 Arco Polymers, Inc. Cable filler composition containing (a) crystalline polypropylene homopolymer, (b) styrene block copolymer and (c) mineral oil
US4361508A (en) * 1980-10-20 1982-11-30 Arco Polymers, Inc. Cable filler compositions comprising a mixture of (a) styrene block copolymer, (b) crystalline polypropylene copolymer and (c) mineral oil
US4337374A (en) * 1981-01-26 1982-06-29 Communications Technology Corporation Service wire splice enclosure
US4324453A (en) * 1981-02-19 1982-04-13 Siecor Corporation Filling materials for electrical and light waveguide communications cables
US4464013A (en) * 1982-03-29 1984-08-07 At&T Bell Laboratories Filled optical fiber cables
US5357057A (en) * 1982-10-12 1994-10-18 Raychem Corporation Protected electrical connector
US5639992A (en) * 1982-10-12 1997-06-17 Raychem Corporation Method and device for making a protected electrical connector
US5672846A (en) * 1982-10-12 1997-09-30 Raychem Corporation Electrical connector
US5140746A (en) * 1982-10-12 1992-08-25 Raychem Corporation Method and device for making electrical connector
US4451696A (en) * 1982-11-15 1984-05-29 Amp Incorporated Toolless splice sealant device
US4865905A (en) * 1983-06-23 1989-09-12 Raychem Corporation Article for protection of a substrate
US4568138A (en) * 1984-11-08 1986-02-04 Mckenzie Thomas J Electrical wire connector
US4798853A (en) * 1984-12-28 1989-01-17 Shell Oil Company Kraton G thermoplastic elastomer gel filling composition for cables
US4909756A (en) * 1985-01-04 1990-03-20 Raychem Corp. Splice case
EP0189240A1 (en) * 1985-01-04 1986-07-30 RAYCHEM CORPORATION (a Delaware corporation) Splice case
US4963698A (en) * 1985-05-02 1990-10-16 Raychem Corporation Cable sealing
US4721832A (en) * 1985-05-02 1988-01-26 Raychem Corporation Electrical connection sealing device
WO1986006561A1 (en) * 1985-05-02 1986-11-06 Raychem Corporation Cable sealing
US4647717A (en) * 1985-05-02 1987-03-03 Raychem Corp. Gel filled container
US4639483A (en) * 1985-05-09 1987-01-27 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Soap-thickened reenterable gelled encapsulants
US4756851A (en) * 1985-05-09 1988-07-12 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Soap-thickened reenterable gelled encapsulants
US4743636A (en) * 1985-05-28 1988-05-10 W. R. Grace & Co. Sealing compound comprising cork powder and talc fillers
US4801418A (en) * 1985-05-28 1989-01-31 W. R. Grace & Co. Sealing compound
FR2583314A1 (en) * 1985-06-13 1986-12-19 Raychem Sa Nv METHOD FOR ENSURING THE ENVIRONMENTAL SEALING OF A HOLLOW SURFACE USING AN ARTICLE AND THAT ARTICLE
US4870117A (en) * 1986-09-12 1989-09-26 American Telephone And Telegraph Company, At&T Bell Laboratories Filled cables
US5011880A (en) * 1987-07-20 1991-04-30 Northern Telecom Limited Fire retardent and water blocking filling compositions for cables
US5418001A (en) * 1987-12-01 1995-05-23 Raychem Corporation Environmental sealing
US4795857A (en) * 1988-01-29 1989-01-03 Gardenamerica Corporation Waterproof housing for the spliced ends of electrical cables
EP0328386A3 (en) * 1988-02-11 1990-10-10 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Environmental protection closure for wire splices; and method
EP0328386A2 (en) * 1988-02-11 1989-08-16 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Environmental protection closure for wire splices
US4998894A (en) * 1988-10-06 1991-03-12 Raychem Corporation Coaxial cable connector seal
US4943685A (en) * 1989-03-17 1990-07-24 Commu-Tec, Inc. Cable splicing and termination system
GB2232015B (en) * 1989-03-17 1993-08-18 Commu Tec Inc Cable splicing and termination system
GB2232015A (en) * 1989-03-17 1990-11-28 Commu Tec Inc Cable splicing and termination insulation system
US5099088A (en) * 1989-07-19 1992-03-24 Three Bond Co., Ltd. Means for splicing wires
US5301959A (en) * 1989-10-04 1994-04-12 British Telecommunications Public Limited Company Sealing gland
WO1993014547A1 (en) * 1990-04-13 1993-07-22 Raychem Corporation Splice case
US5844021A (en) * 1991-08-23 1998-12-01 The Whitaker Corporation Sealant compositions and sealed electrical connectors
US5360350A (en) * 1991-08-23 1994-11-01 The Whitaker Corporation Sealant compositions and sealed electrical connectors
US5741843A (en) * 1991-08-23 1998-04-21 The Whitaker Corporation Sealant compositions and sealed electrical connectors
US5691399A (en) * 1991-08-23 1997-11-25 The Whitaker Corporation Sealant composition and sealed electrical connectors
US5354210A (en) * 1991-08-23 1994-10-11 The Whitaker Corporation Sealant compositions and sealed electrical connectors
US5580265A (en) * 1991-08-23 1996-12-03 The Whitaker Corporation Sealant compositions and sealed electrical connectors
US5939676A (en) * 1991-10-29 1999-08-17 Gseg Llc Electrical cable penetration seal with compliant module
US5416271A (en) * 1991-10-29 1995-05-16 General Signal Corporation Electrical cable penetration seal with compliant module
US5783776A (en) * 1991-10-29 1998-07-21 O-Z Gedney Company Llc Electrical cable penetration seal with compliant module
US5371323A (en) * 1993-03-10 1994-12-06 Keptel, Inc. Splice housing apparatus
US6303865B1 (en) * 1993-05-24 2001-10-16 Yazaki Corporation Waterproof structure for wire harness
US5606149A (en) * 1993-10-18 1997-02-25 Raychem Corporation Closure for high voltage cable connections having an insulating gel to form gel to gel interface with other insulating gel
WO1995011543A1 (en) * 1993-10-18 1995-04-27 Raychem Corporation Closure for high voltage cable connections
US5561269A (en) * 1993-12-10 1996-10-01 The Whitaker Corporation Enclosure for spliced coaxial cables
EP0657980A1 (en) * 1993-12-10 1995-06-14 The Whitaker Corporation Enclosure with sealant for spliced coaxial cables
US5397859A (en) * 1993-12-10 1995-03-14 The Whitaker Corporation Enclosure with sealant for spliced coaxial cables
WO1995031025A1 (en) * 1994-05-04 1995-11-16 General Signal Corporation Electrical cable penetration seal with compliant module
GB2299343A (en) * 1995-03-17 1996-10-02 Campbell Dussek Ltd Hydrophobic compositions useful as cable fillers
GB2299343B (en) * 1995-03-17 1999-07-14 Campbell Dussek Ltd Hydrophobic compositions
WO1997004465A1 (en) * 1995-07-14 1997-02-06 Norsk Hydro A.S Electrical insulating oil based compound and its use
US5691508A (en) * 1995-07-25 1997-11-25 The Whitaker Corporation Enclosure for spliced multiconductor cable
US5746610A (en) * 1995-07-25 1998-05-05 The Whitaker Corporation Ground contact for a splice enclosure
US5606150A (en) * 1995-07-25 1997-02-25 The Whitaker Corporation Enclosure for spliced cable
US5763835A (en) * 1995-11-01 1998-06-09 Raychem Corporation Gel-filled closure
US5828005A (en) * 1995-11-01 1998-10-27 Raychem Corporation Gel-filled closure
US5684274A (en) * 1995-12-04 1997-11-04 Kmd Technologies, Inc. Enclosure for cable splice assembly
US6036526A (en) * 1996-12-13 2000-03-14 Alfis, Iii; Michael V. Sealable enclosure for electrical cable connectors
US6083035A (en) * 1997-04-10 2000-07-04 The Whitaker Corporation Power cable tap connector with cable-sealing gaskets
US5844171A (en) * 1997-04-22 1998-12-01 Mev Corporation Environmentally enclosed cable splice
US6179644B1 (en) 1997-11-07 2001-01-30 Rockwell Technologies, Llc Power and data network system media architecture
US6232557B1 (en) 1997-11-07 2001-05-15 Rockwell Technologies, Llc Network cable and modular connection for such a cable
US6039596A (en) * 1997-11-10 2000-03-21 The Whitaker Corporation Gaskets for power cable tap connector
US6095867A (en) * 1998-09-21 2000-08-01 Rockwell Technologies, Llc Method and apparatus for transmitting power and data signals via a network connector system including integral power capacitors
US6036525A (en) * 1998-11-02 2000-03-14 Alfis, Iii; Michael V. Sealable enclosure for electrical cable connectors
US6374023B1 (en) 1999-05-28 2002-04-16 Corning Cable Systems Llc Communication cable containing novel filling material in buffer tube
US6463199B1 (en) 1999-05-28 2002-10-08 Corning Cable Systems Llc Fiber optic cables with at least one water blocking zone
US6748146B2 (en) 1999-05-28 2004-06-08 Corning Cable Systems Llc Communication cable having a soft housing
US7006740B1 (en) 1999-05-28 2006-02-28 Corning Cable Systems, Llc Communication cable having a soft housing
WO2002042822A1 (en) * 2000-11-27 2002-05-30 Corning Cable Systems Llc Communication cable containing novel filling material
US7011436B2 (en) 2003-01-28 2006-03-14 Genlyte Thomas Group, Llc In-grade light fixture with hydraulic isolation
US20040145899A1 (en) * 2003-01-28 2004-07-29 Riebling Michael L. In-grade light fixture with hydraulic isolation
US7247796B2 (en) 2003-10-28 2007-07-24 3M Innovative Properties Company Filling materials
US7044776B2 (en) * 2003-12-02 2006-05-16 King Jr Lloyd Herbert Wire connector
EP1698031A2 (en) * 2003-12-02 2006-09-06 The Patent Store L.L.C. Wire connector
EP1698031A4 (en) * 2003-12-02 2010-03-10 Patent Store L L C Wire connector
CN100553057C (en) * 2003-12-02 2009-10-21 专利店有限责任公司 Electric wire connecting junction
WO2005060391A2 (en) 2003-12-02 2005-07-07 The Patent Store L.L.C. Wire connector
US20050118851A1 (en) * 2003-12-02 2005-06-02 King Lloyd H.Jr. Wire connector
US20080069511A1 (en) * 2004-01-27 2008-03-20 Blackwell Chois A Jr Multi-port optical connection terminal
US7333708B2 (en) 2004-01-27 2008-02-19 Corning Cable Systems Llc Multi-port optical connection terminal
US7653282B2 (en) 2004-01-27 2010-01-26 Corning Cable Systems Llc Multi-port optical connection terminal
US20080112681A1 (en) * 2004-02-06 2008-05-15 Battey Jennifer A Optical connection closure having at least one connector port
US7572979B2 (en) * 2004-04-26 2009-08-11 Sumitomo Wiring Systems, Ltd. Waterproof structure and waterproof method for wire connecting part
US20070209821A1 (en) * 2004-04-26 2007-09-13 Sumitomo Wiring Systems, Ltd. Waterproof Structure And Waterproof Method For Wire Connecting Part
US7680388B2 (en) 2004-11-03 2010-03-16 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Methods for configuring and testing fiber drop terminals
US7489849B2 (en) 2004-11-03 2009-02-10 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Fiber drop terminal
US20060093303A1 (en) * 2004-11-03 2006-05-04 Randy Reagan Fiber drop terminal
US11567278B2 (en) 2004-11-03 2023-01-31 Commscope Technologies Llc Fiber drop terminal
US7627222B2 (en) 2004-11-03 2009-12-01 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Fiber drop terminal
US20090148120A1 (en) * 2004-11-03 2009-06-11 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Fiber drop terminal
US7805044B2 (en) 2004-11-03 2010-09-28 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Fiber drop terminal
US20100284662A1 (en) * 2004-11-03 2010-11-11 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Fiber drop terminal
US9851522B2 (en) 2004-11-03 2017-12-26 Commscope Technologies Llc Fiber drop terminal
US10890729B2 (en) 2004-11-03 2021-01-12 Commscope Technologies Llc Fiber drop terminal and bracket
US10042136B2 (en) 2004-11-03 2018-08-07 Commscope Technologies Llc Fiber drop terminal
US20080138025A1 (en) * 2004-11-03 2008-06-12 Fiber Optics Network Solutions Corporation Fiber Drop Terminal
US20060153516A1 (en) * 2005-01-13 2006-07-13 Napiorkowski John J Network interface device having integral slack storage compartment
US20060257092A1 (en) * 2005-04-19 2006-11-16 Yu Lu Loop back plug and method
US11347008B2 (en) 2005-04-19 2022-05-31 Commscope Technologies Llc Fiber optic connection device with ruggedized tethers
US8041178B2 (en) 2005-04-19 2011-10-18 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Loop back plug and method
US7349605B2 (en) 2005-04-19 2008-03-25 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Fiber breakout with radio frequency identification device
US7565055B2 (en) 2005-04-19 2009-07-21 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Loop back plug and method
US20100014824A1 (en) * 2005-04-19 2010-01-21 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Loop back plug and method
US20060233506A1 (en) * 2005-04-19 2006-10-19 Michael Noonan Fiber breakout with integral connector
US20060247359A1 (en) * 2005-04-28 2006-11-02 3M Innovative Properties Company Sealant materials and methods of using thereof
US20080242780A1 (en) * 2005-04-28 2008-10-02 3M Innovative Properties Company Sealant materials and methods of using thereof
US7902288B2 (en) 2005-05-31 2011-03-08 3M Innovative Properties Company Sealant materials containing diblock copolymers and methods of making thereof
US20060270785A1 (en) * 2005-05-31 2006-11-30 Dower William V Sealant materials containing diblock copolymers and methods of making thereof
US7418177B2 (en) 2005-11-10 2008-08-26 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Fiber optic cable breakout system, packaging arrangement, and method of installation
US20100080514A1 (en) * 2006-03-09 2010-04-01 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Fiber optic cable breakout configuration with retention block
US7424189B2 (en) 2006-03-09 2008-09-09 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Mid-span breakout with potted closure
US7422378B2 (en) 2006-03-09 2008-09-09 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Fiber optic cable breakout configuration with excess fiber length
US7630606B2 (en) 2006-03-09 2009-12-08 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Fiber optic cable breakout configuration with retention block
US7317863B2 (en) 2006-03-09 2008-01-08 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Fiber optic cable breakout configuration with retention block
US20090022459A1 (en) * 2006-03-09 2009-01-22 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Fiber optic cable breakout configuration with retention block
US20070212003A1 (en) * 2006-03-09 2007-09-13 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Mid-span breakout with potted closure
US20070212005A1 (en) * 2006-03-09 2007-09-13 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Mid-span breakout with helical fiber routing
US7590321B2 (en) 2006-03-09 2009-09-15 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Mid-span breakout with helical fiber routing
US20070212009A1 (en) * 2006-03-09 2007-09-13 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Fiber optic cable breakout configuration with retention block
US7251411B1 (en) 2006-03-09 2007-07-31 Adc Telecommunication, Inc. Fiber optic cable breakout configuration with “Y” block
US20080037945A1 (en) * 2006-08-09 2008-02-14 Jeff Gniadek Cable payout systems and methods
US7599598B2 (en) 2006-08-09 2009-10-06 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Cable payout systems and methods
US8121456B2 (en) 2006-08-09 2012-02-21 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Cable payout systems and methods
US20090022460A1 (en) * 2006-08-14 2009-01-22 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Factory Spliced Cable Assembly
US20110286708A1 (en) * 2006-08-14 2011-11-24 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Factory Spliced Cable Assembly
US7840109B2 (en) 2006-08-14 2010-11-23 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Factory spliced cable assembly
US20080080818A1 (en) * 2006-08-14 2008-04-03 Cobb John C Iii Factory Spliced Cable Assembly
US7454106B2 (en) 2006-08-14 2008-11-18 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Factory spliced cable assembly
US7289714B1 (en) 2006-09-26 2007-10-30 Adc Telecommunication, Inc. Tubing wrap procedure
US7480436B2 (en) 2006-10-10 2009-01-20 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Systems and methods for securing a tether to a distribution cable
US20080085091A1 (en) * 2006-10-10 2008-04-10 Dennis Ray Wells Systems and methods for securing a tether to a distribution cable
US20080089652A1 (en) * 2006-10-13 2008-04-17 Dennis Ray Wells Overmold zip strip
US7403685B2 (en) 2006-10-13 2008-07-22 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Overmold zip strip
US7789718B2 (en) * 2006-12-20 2010-09-07 3M Innovative Properties Company Connector article for a cable, holder for a connector of such a connection article, and kit for connecting cables
US20100022119A1 (en) * 2006-12-20 2010-01-28 Christophe Desard Connector article for a cable, holder for a connector of such a connection article, and kit for connecting cables
DE102006061599A1 (en) 2006-12-27 2008-07-03 Cellpack Gmbh Filling and sealing system for electrically insulating housings and enclosures for holding cable and wire connections
WO2008077393A1 (en) * 2006-12-27 2008-07-03 Cellpack Gmbh Filling and sealing system for electrically insulating housings and claddings for accommodating cable and line connections
US7489843B2 (en) 2007-02-06 2009-02-10 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Polyurethane to polyethylene adhesion process
US20080187274A1 (en) * 2007-02-06 2008-08-07 Scott Carlson Polyurethane to polyethylene adhesion process
US20080219631A1 (en) * 2007-03-08 2008-09-11 Erik Gronvall Universal bracket for mounting a drop terminal
US7558458B2 (en) 2007-03-08 2009-07-07 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Universal bracket for mounting a drop terminal
US20080253729A1 (en) * 2007-04-12 2008-10-16 Erik Gronvall Fiber optic cable breakout configuration with tensile reinforcement
US20080253722A1 (en) * 2007-04-12 2008-10-16 Erik Gronvall Fiber optic telecommunications cable assembly
US7532799B2 (en) 2007-04-12 2009-05-12 Adc Telecommunications Fiber optic telecommunications cable assembly
US7609925B2 (en) 2007-04-12 2009-10-27 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Fiber optic cable breakout configuration with tensile reinforcement
US8036510B2 (en) 2007-06-28 2011-10-11 Draka Comteq, B.V. Optical fiber cable having raised coupling supports
US20090003779A1 (en) * 2007-06-28 2009-01-01 Draka Comteq B.V. Optical Fiber Cable Having Raised Coupling Supports
US20090003781A1 (en) * 2007-06-28 2009-01-01 Draka Comteq B.V. Optical Fiber Cable Having A Deformable Coupling Element
US20090003785A1 (en) * 2007-06-28 2009-01-01 Draka Comteq B.V. Coupling Composition for Optical Fiber Cables
US7724998B2 (en) 2007-06-28 2010-05-25 Draka Comteq B.V. Coupling composition for optical fiber cables
US20100232753A1 (en) * 2007-06-28 2010-09-16 Draka Comteq B.V. Coupling Element for Optical Fiber Cables
US7639915B2 (en) 2007-06-28 2009-12-29 Draka Comteq B.V. Optical fiber cable having a deformable coupling element
US8103141B2 (en) 2007-06-28 2012-01-24 Draka Comteq, B.V. Coupling element for optical fiber cables
US7646952B2 (en) 2007-06-28 2010-01-12 Draka Comteq B.V. Optical fiber cable having raised coupling supports
US20100098387A1 (en) * 2007-06-28 2010-04-22 Draka Comteq B.V. Optical Fiber Cable Having Raised Coupling Supports
US8229263B2 (en) 2007-06-28 2012-07-24 Draka Comiteq, B.V. Optical fiber cable having a deformable coupling element
US8208773B2 (en) 2007-06-28 2012-06-26 Draka Comteq, B.V. Optical fiber cable having raised coupling supports
US8036509B2 (en) 2007-06-28 2011-10-11 Draka Comteq, B.V. Optical fiber cable having a deformable coupling element
US20100098388A1 (en) * 2007-06-28 2010-04-22 Draka Comteq B.V. Optical Fiber Cable Having A Deformable Coupling Element
US20090060431A1 (en) * 2007-09-05 2009-03-05 Yu Lu Indoor Fiber Optic Distribution Cable
US7769261B2 (en) 2007-09-05 2010-08-03 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Fiber optic distribution cable
US7740409B2 (en) 2007-09-19 2010-06-22 Corning Cable Systems Llc Multi-port optical connection terminal
US20090074369A1 (en) * 2007-09-19 2009-03-19 Albert Martin Bolton Multi-port optical connection terminal
US7905621B1 (en) 2008-01-18 2011-03-15 Genlyte Thomas Group, Llc In-grade lighting fixture
US20100092146A1 (en) * 2008-10-14 2010-04-15 Conner Mark E Optical Fiber Management Shelf for Optical Connection Terminals
US8227696B2 (en) 2008-11-18 2012-07-24 Tyco Electronics Corporation Sealant-filled enclosures and methods for environmentally protecting a connection
WO2010059613A3 (en) * 2008-11-18 2011-09-29 Tyco Electronics Corporation Sealant-filled enclosures and methods for environmentally protecting a connection
US8178783B2 (en) 2008-11-18 2012-05-15 Tyco Electronics Corporation Sealant-filled enclosures and methods for environmentally protecting a connection
US9059579B2 (en) 2008-11-18 2015-06-16 Tyco Electronics Corporation Sealant-filled enclosures and methods for environmentally protecting a connection
WO2010059613A2 (en) * 2008-11-18 2010-05-27 Tyco Electronics Corporation Sealant-filled enclosures and methods for environmentally protecting a connection
CN102576994B (en) * 2008-11-18 2015-04-01 泰科电子有限公司 Sealant-filled enclosures and methods for environmentally protecting a connection
US20100124454A1 (en) * 2008-11-18 2010-05-20 Tyco Electronics Corporation Sealant-filled enclosures and methods for environmentally protecting a connection
US20100122829A1 (en) * 2008-11-18 2010-05-20 Tyco Electronics Corporation Sealant-filled enclosures and methods for environmentally protecting a connection
US20100122827A1 (en) * 2008-11-18 2010-05-20 Tyco Electronics Corporation Sealant-filled enclosures and methods for environmentally protecting a connection
US8084691B2 (en) 2008-11-18 2011-12-27 Tyco Electronics Corporation Sealant-filled enclosures and methods for environmentally protecting a connection
US20120013079A1 (en) * 2009-02-04 2012-01-19 Roxtec Ab pipe or cable lead-through having layers of different thickness
US8985586B1 (en) 2009-05-07 2015-03-24 Dan Alpi Method and apparatus for sealing connections between electrical extension cords
US8740223B1 (en) * 2009-05-07 2014-06-03 Dan Alpi Method and apparatus for sealing connections between electrical power cords
US9798085B2 (en) 2010-05-14 2017-10-24 Commscope Technologies Llc Splice enclosure arrangement for fiber optic cables
US8915659B2 (en) 2010-05-14 2014-12-23 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Splice enclosure arrangement for fiber optic cables
US9407051B2 (en) * 2010-09-30 2016-08-02 Autonetworks Technologies, Ltd. Method of manufacturing waterproof intermediate spliced portion of wires and waterproof intermediate unit of wires
US20130175069A1 (en) * 2010-09-30 2013-07-11 Autonetworks Technologies, Ltd. Method of manufacturing waterproof intermediate spliced portion of wires and waterproof intermediate unit of wires
US8755663B2 (en) 2010-10-28 2014-06-17 Corning Cable Systems Llc Impact resistant fiber optic enclosures and related methods
US8885998B2 (en) 2010-12-09 2014-11-11 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Splice enclosure arrangement for fiber optic cables
US9069151B2 (en) 2011-10-26 2015-06-30 Corning Cable Systems Llc Composite cable breakout assembly
US8873926B2 (en) 2012-04-26 2014-10-28 Corning Cable Systems Llc Fiber optic enclosures employing clamping assemblies for strain relief of cables, and related assemblies and methods
US20140326708A1 (en) * 2013-05-02 2014-11-06 W.E.T. Automotive Systems, Ltd. Liquid resistant heating element
US10314111B2 (en) * 2013-05-02 2019-06-04 Gentherm Gmbh Liquid resistant heating element
US20170346198A1 (en) * 2016-05-24 2017-11-30 Hubbell Incorporated Oxide inhibitor capsule
US10505292B2 (en) * 2016-05-24 2019-12-10 Hubbell Incorporated Oxide inhibitor capsule
US11121480B2 (en) 2018-06-28 2021-09-14 Te Connectivity Corporation Connection enclosure assemblies, connector systems and methods for forming an enclosed connection between conductors
US10840615B2 (en) 2018-06-28 2020-11-17 Te Connectivity Corporation Connection enclosure assemblies, connector systems and methods for forming an enclosed connection between conductors
DE202019005335U1 (en) 2018-07-21 2020-03-31 TKW Elektrotechnische Spezialkabel, Leitungen & Zubehör e.K. Security box with fasteners
EP3598597A1 (en) * 2018-07-21 2020-01-22 TKW Elektrotechnische Spezialkabel, Leitungen & Zubehör e.K. Security box with fastening means
US11271381B2 (en) * 2019-09-20 2022-03-08 Baker Hughes Oilfield Operations Llc Systems and methods for subsea wiring splices
US11431114B2 (en) 2020-02-14 2022-08-30 Te Connectivity Solutions Gmbh Enclosed connection systems for forming an enclosed connection between conductors, and methods including same

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3879575A (en) Encapsulating compound and closure
AU659470B2 (en) Sealant compositions and sealed electrical connectors
US4351913A (en) Filling materials for electrical and light waveguide communications cables
EP0108518B1 (en) Apparatus for protection of a substrate
US4943685A (en) Cable splicing and termination system
EP0067009B1 (en) Water-excluding filling composition
US5606149A (en) Closure for high voltage cable connections having an insulating gel to form gel to gel interface with other insulating gel
US4670069A (en) Protection of cable splice
CA1162997A (en) Filling materials for communications cable
US6664476B2 (en) Electrical cable with self-repairing protection
US20040063812A1 (en) Gel compositions
CA1100657A (en) Cable filler
JP2946008B2 (en) Moisture and heat resistant electrical connector
AU764922B2 (en) Electrical cable with self-repairing protection
US4060583A (en) Electrically insulating composition
GB2195642A (en) Filled cables
NO823070L (en) FILLING MATERIAL FOR ELECTRICAL CABLES
US4164617A (en) Long watertight cable and sleeve joint
US20020004128A1 (en) Method and system for sealing electrical connection using sealant-impregnated foam
JPH031356B2 (en)
JPH0155521B2 (en)
AU2003204994B2 (en) Electrical cable with self-repairing protection
JPS58109576A (en) Sealing and filling compound
CA1127255A (en) Encapsulation of telecommunications cable splices
NO144589B (en) ELECTRIC INSULATING MASS.