US3850785A - Reinforced carbon fabrics - Google Patents

Reinforced carbon fabrics Download PDF

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US3850785A
US3850785A US38830973A US3850785A US 3850785 A US3850785 A US 3850785A US 38830973 A US38830973 A US 38830973A US 3850785 A US3850785 A US 3850785A
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fabric
carbon
fabrics
activated
adhesive
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A Mcquade
G Arons
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US Department of Army
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US Department of Army
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/02—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres in the form of fibres or filaments
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D5/00—Composition of materials for coverings or clothing affording protection against harmful chemical agents
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M17/00—Producing multi-layer textile fabrics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
    • B32B37/1207—Heat-activated adhesive
    • B32B2037/1215—Hot-melt adhesive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/106—Carbon fibres, e.g. graphite fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2367/00—Polyesters, e.g. PET, i.e. polyethylene terephthalate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2377/00—Polyamides
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/902—High modulus filament or fiber
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S55/00—Gas separation
    • Y10S55/43—Knitted filter mediums
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S55/00—Gas separation
    • Y10S55/45—Woven filter mediums
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/30—Self-sustaining carbon mass or layer with impregnant or other layer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/10—Scrim [e.g., open net or mesh, gauze, loose or open weave or knit, etc.]
    • Y10T442/102—Woven scrim
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3472—Woven fabric including an additional woven fabric layer
    • Y10T442/3504—Woven fabric layers comprise chemically different strand material
    • Y10T442/3512—Three or more fabric layers

Definitions

  • Activated carbon in the form of powder or granules is widely used for the removal of odors, selected gases and vapors, especially toxic gases and vapors from the atmosphere, for decoloring liquids and for solvent recovery. Recent developments have made it possible to obtain activated carbon as fibers in fabric form. As fabrics, activated carbon can be used for applications not possible with powder or granules, e.g., as clothing to provide protection against toxic liquid, vapor or gaseous agents, as filters or screens in air systems to eliminate odors and pollution without restricting the flow of air, etc.
  • This invention relates to a reinforced, activatedcarbon, fabric constructed by laminating an activatedcarbon fabric having poor textile properties to at least one other fabric having good textile properties and bonding said fabrics together by means of a hot-melt adhesive fabric or netting.
  • the resulting laminate composite has textile properties that far exceeds those of the carbon fabric alone and is suitable for most textile applications.
  • the use of hot-melt adhesive fabric or netting rather than conventional adhesive coatings to effect bonding results in an inherently more air permeable fabric composite than would otherwise be obtained, does not excessively increase the weight or stiffness of the fabric composite. and does not significantly reduce the sorptive properties of the activated carbon by solvent poisoning.
  • the objective of this invention to prepare an activated-carbon fabric having textile properties suitable for typical textile applications, is achieved by lamination of an activated-carbon fabric to one or more non-carbon fabrics having significantly better textile properties.
  • Such laminate composite is formed in a manner which does not result in any substantial loss of air permeability characteristics or sorptive capacity.
  • Conventional adhesives require solvents and solvents will poison the activated carbon material.
  • Carbon fabrics are known and commercially available and may vary from weakly activated to highly activated.
  • the activity of carbon is a function of the surface area and pore development ofthe carbon material.
  • the more highly active carbon materials adsorb greater quantities of materials and depending on pore size and development can selectively adsorb certain gases, va-
  • the activated carbon have a surface area of at least lm /g and have micropores with an effective diameter of less than A for gas and vapor sorption and preferably a transitional pore structure with an effective diameter ranging from 30 A" up to 2,000-4,000 A for liquid sorption. While activated carbon materials are produced by techniques well known in the art and constitute no part of this invention, U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,253,323 and 3,484,183 may be referred to as illustrating or describing techniques for the fabrication of certain carbon fabrics.
  • Activated carbon fabrics are known to have relatively poor textile properties which properties further decline with increase in activation.
  • the poor or weak textile properties of activated carbon fabrics are typified by low breaking (tensile) strength, poor abrasion resistance, and poor flexing properties.
  • Carbon yarns for example, normally have a breaking strength'of less than I gm/denier.
  • the expression carbon fabric refers to fabrics whose yarns are composed of fibers having a carbon content of from 50% up to 99+%. Carbon fabrics can be produced by pyrolysis of any fabric made from non-melting organic fibers.
  • Activation is usually accomplished with a heated oxi dizing gas, e.g., CO H O, or 0
  • a heated oxi dizing gas e.g., CO H O, or 0
  • the finished fabric be pyrolyzed to the carbon derivative and then activated, although it is possible to form fabrics from activated carbon yarns.
  • the expression fabric refers to woven, knitted or felt materials.
  • the fabrics which are laminated to the activatedcarbon fabrics to improve the textile properties of the latter are light in weight and woven or knitted from common, commercial, yarns (containing man-made or natural fibers) having a breaking strength in the range of 2 to 5 gin/denier.
  • These fabrics which may be referred to as "non-carbon fabrics," i.e.,. they are composed of yarns containing less than 50% carbon, include such materials as wool, silk, cotton, viscose, acetate, acrylic. modacrylic, nylon, Nomex, a product of E. l. DuPont de Nemours and Co., and other specialpolyamides, polyester and blends of the same.
  • Nylon tricot, nylon-cotton (50/50), poplin or sateen, Nomex muslin, Nomex twill and acetate taffeta are but some examples of suitable lightweight fabrics.
  • Lamination of the activated carbon fabric to thenoncarbon fabric is accomplished by use of a hot-melt adhesive fabric or netting as the bonding agent.
  • hotmelt adhesives are well-known and include thermoplastic materials, such as polyamides, polyesters and polyolefins that melt at temperatures that range from 300F. to 400F.'The adhesive fabric or netting is an open type structure and weighs from 0.1 oz/yd to 3.0 oz/yd". Unlike conventional adhesives, hot-melt adhesives do not require solvents to effect bonding.
  • the temperture applied to the fabric layers for the lamination step to activate the adhesive will vary with the adhesive material employed but will oridinarily range from 325F. to 375F.
  • Pressures applied will ordinarily range from 2 to 20 psi. and the dwell time is such as to permit the adhesive to fuse and wet the fabric layers.
  • the open fabric or net nature of the adhesive means that more of the surface area of the laminated composite will be free of adhesive material.
  • the air permeability of the fabric assembly is not affected to any significant degree.
  • EXAMPLE l A weakly activated carbon fabric.
  • Pluton B-l, 6 ozlyd. a product of 3M Co.. having a saturated carbon tetrachloride vapor sorption capacity of 15% by weight. a surface area of 250m /g. and a yarn breaking strength in the warp direction of approximately 0.4
  • the laminate has good air permeability values ranging from 26 to 41 cubic feet per minute per sq. ft. when tested under Method 5450 of Federal Test Method Standard 191.
  • the laminate also had good flexible properties and suffers no weight loss or significant visible damage when flex tested 1.260 cycles as specified in Federal Test Method Standard l9l, Method 5320.
  • the laminate layers are securely bonded together and the outer ,fabric layers protected the inner carbon layer from abrasive influences.
  • EXAMPLE ll 3 A polyolefin type. Delnet X230. 21 produ'et of Hercules. lnc.. weighing 0.53 oz/yd". The laminates are inserted in a commercial press and bonded at 4 p.s.i. for l6 seconds at temperatures which range from 325F. to 375F. and are allowed to cool before testing. The laminates are tested as follows:
  • a reinforced activated-carbon fabric formed by laminating an activated-carbon fabric constructed of activated-carbon yarns having a breaking strength of less than 1 gm/denier to at least one other non-carbon fabric in such a manner as not to poison the activatedcarbon and so as not to substantially reduce the permeability ofthe fabric layers wherein the lamination is accomplished by a. placing a layer of hot-melt adhesive fabric or netting between said activated-carbon fabric layer and said non-carbon fabric layer,

Abstract

Activated carbon fabrics, having poor textile properties in terms of tensile strength, abrasion resistance and flex performance, are substantially upgraded by laminating the carbon fabric to at least one other fabric having significantly better textile properties. Lamination is effected without substantial loss of fabric air permeability or excessive increase in weight by using a hot-melt adhesive fabric or netting as the binding medium. The invention described herein may be manufactured, used and licensed by or for the Government for governmental purposes without the payment to us of any royalty thereon.

Description

- United McQuade et a1.
v wag wa Hum- REINFORCED CARBON FABRICS Inventors: Allan J. McQuade, Ashland; Gilbert N. Arons, Newton Highlands, both of Mass.
The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Army, Washington, DC.
Filed: Aug. 14, 1973 Appl. No.: 388,309
Related US. Application Data Continuation of Ser. No. 191,557, Oct. 21,v 1971, abandoned.
Assignee:
US. Cl. 161/88, 55/527, 117/46 CC, 156/290, 156/295, 156/309, 161/146,
Int. Cl B32b 7/14, B321) 31/00 Field of Search 55/514, 527; 156/290, 295, 156/309; 117/46 CC; 161/85, 88, 92, 146,
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS H1950 Platt 156/157 sashes 0R IN-'-428/248 I Nov. 26, 1974 3,203,849 3/1965 Katz et al 161/96 3,239,403 3/1966 Williams et al. 156/275 Primary Examiner-Charles E. Van Horn Assistant Examiner-Robert A. Dawson Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Eugene E. Stevens, 111; Lawrence E. Labadini; Charles C. Rainey [5 7] ABSTRACT 3 Claims, No Drawings BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Activated carbon is a material that finds widespread use because of its unusual ability to adsorb significant quantities of gaseous or liquid matter. This property is attributable to the extensive surface area and developed pore structure of the carbon material. Activated carbon in the form of powder or granules is widely used for the removal of odors, selected gases and vapors, especially toxic gases and vapors from the atmosphere, for decoloring liquids and for solvent recovery. Recent developments have made it possible to obtain activated carbon as fibers in fabric form. As fabrics, activated carbon can be used for applications not possible with powder or granules, e.g., as clothing to provide protection against toxic liquid, vapor or gaseous agents, as filters or screens in air systems to eliminate odors and pollution without restricting the flow of air, etc. A serious drawback, however, exists in connection with the use of such carbon fabrics, in that such fabrics have extremely poor textile properties, notably, low tensile strength, poor abrasion resistance and poor flex performance. Improvement in the foregoing properties without any substantial impairment of the sorption or air permeability properties of the carbon fabric would greatly enhance the suitability of such fabrics for any of the described uses.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to a reinforced, activatedcarbon, fabric constructed by laminating an activatedcarbon fabric having poor textile properties to at least one other fabric having good textile properties and bonding said fabrics together by means of a hot-melt adhesive fabric or netting. The resulting laminate composite has textile properties that far exceeds those of the carbon fabric alone and is suitable for most textile applications. The use of hot-melt adhesive fabric or netting rather than conventional adhesive coatings to effect bonding results in an inherently more air permeable fabric composite than would otherwise be obtained, does not excessively increase the weight or stiffness of the fabric composite. and does not significantly reduce the sorptive properties of the activated carbon by solvent poisoning.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION The objective of this invention, to prepare an activated-carbon fabric having textile properties suitable for typical textile applications, is achieved by lamination of an activated-carbon fabric to one or more non-carbon fabrics having significantly better textile properties. Such laminate composite is formed in a manner which does not result in any substantial loss of air permeability characteristics or sorptive capacity. Conventional adhesives require solvents and solvents will poison the activated carbon material.
Carbon fabrics are known and commercially available and may vary from weakly activated to highly activated. The activity of carbon is a function of the surface area and pore development ofthe carbon material. The more highly active carbon materials adsorb greater quantities of materials and depending on pore size and development can selectively adsorb certain gases, va-
'2 pors or liquids. For purposes of this invention, it is necessary that the activated carbon have a surface area of at least lm /g and have micropores with an effective diameter of less than A for gas and vapor sorption and preferably a transitional pore structure with an effective diameter ranging from 30 A" up to 2,000-4,000 A for liquid sorption. While activated carbon materials are produced by techniques well known in the art and constitute no part of this invention, U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,253,323 and 3,484,183 may be referred to as illustrating or describing techniques for the fabrication of certain carbon fabrics.
Activated carbon fabrics are known to have relatively poor textile properties which properties further decline with increase in activation. The poor or weak textile properties of activated carbon fabrics are typified by low breaking (tensile) strength, poor abrasion resistance, and poor flexing properties. Carbon yarns, for example, normally have a breaking strength'of less than I gm/denier. The expression carbon fabric," as used herein, refers to fabrics whose yarns are composed of fibers having a carbon content of from 50% up to 99+%. Carbon fabrics can be produced by pyrolysis of any fabric made from non-melting organic fibers. Activation is usually accomplished with a heated oxi dizing gas, e.g., CO H O, or 0 Because of the weakness of the carbon yarns, it is usual and preferred that the finished fabric be pyrolyzed to the carbon derivative and then activated, although it is possible to form fabrics from activated carbon yarns. The expression fabric," as used herein, refers to woven, knitted or felt materials.
The fabrics which are laminated to the activatedcarbon fabrics to improve the textile properties of the latter are light in weight and woven or knitted from common, commercial, yarns (containing man-made or natural fibers) having a breaking strength in the range of 2 to 5 gin/denier. These fabrics, which may be referred to as "non-carbon fabrics," i.e.,. they are composed of yarns containing less than 50% carbon, include such materials as wool, silk, cotton, viscose, acetate, acrylic. modacrylic, nylon, Nomex, a product of E. l. DuPont de Nemours and Co., and other specialpolyamides, polyester and blends of the same. Nylon tricot, nylon-cotton (50/50), poplin or sateen, Nomex muslin, Nomex twill and acetate taffeta are but some examples of suitable lightweight fabrics.
Lamination of the activated carbon fabric to thenoncarbon fabric is accomplished by use of a hot-melt adhesive fabric or netting as the bonding agent. Such hotmelt adhesives are well-known and include thermoplastic materials, such as polyamides, polyesters and polyolefins that melt at temperatures that range from 300F. to 400F.'The adhesive fabric or netting is an open type structure and weighs from 0.1 oz/yd to 3.0 oz/yd". Unlike conventional adhesives, hot-melt adhesives do not require solvents to effect bonding. The temperture applied to the fabric layers for the lamination step to activate the adhesive will vary with the adhesive material employed but will oridinarily range from 325F. to 375F. Pressures applied will ordinarily range from 2 to 20 psi. and the dwell time is such as to permit the adhesive to fuse and wet the fabric layers. The open fabric or net nature of the adhesive means that more of the surface area of the laminated composite will be free of adhesive material. As a consequence,
the air permeability of the fabric assembly is not affected to any significant degree.
EXAMPLE l A weakly activated carbon fabric. Pluton B-l, 6 ozlyd. a product of 3M Co.. having a saturated carbon tetrachloride vapor sorption capacity of 15% by weight. a surface area of 250m /g. and a yarn breaking strength in the warp direction of approximately 0.4
The results ofthe foregoing tests for each of the lamigm/denier and in the filling direction of approximately Samples are Set forth in TABLE rics. Nine inch squares of the different textile fabrics are cut and assembled in the following laminate sequence: Acetate taffeta fabric (2.56 oz/yd )/adhesive fabric/carbon fabric/adhesive fabric/nylon tricot fabric (0.9 ozlyd The adhesive fabric is Thermogrip 5030A, polyester-type adhesive, having a weight of 1.23 oz/yd, a product of USM Chemical Company. The fabric assembly is laminated at 370F., at 4 p.s.i. for seconds in a commercial press. Upon removal from the press, the laminate is allowed to cool. The laminate has good air permeability values ranging from 26 to 41 cubic feet per minute per sq. ft. when tested under Method 5450 of Federal Test Method Standard 191. The laminate also had good flexible properties and suffers no weight loss or significant visible damage when flex tested 1.260 cycles as specified in Federal Test Method Standard l9l, Method 5320. The laminate layers are securely bonded together and the outer ,fabric layers protected the inner carbon layer from abrasive influences.
EXAMPLE ll 3. A polyolefin type. Delnet X230. 21 produ'et of Hercules. lnc.. weighing 0.53 oz/yd". The laminates are inserted in a commercial press and bonded at 4 p.s.i. for l6 seconds at temperatures which range from 325F. to 375F. and are allowed to cool before testing. The laminates are tested as follows:
1. Air permeability in accordance with Method 5450 of Federal Test Method Standard l9l.
.EXAMPLE iii A moderately activated carbon fabric, Pluton H-l 4 oz/yd a product of 3M Company, having a saturated carbon tetrachloride vapor sorption capacity of 30% by weight. a surface area of 450 m lg is reinforced with nylon and a selection of three other fabrics. 24 inch by 20 inch rectangles of different textile fabrics are cut and assembled in the following laminate sequence: Any one of three fabrics. l) nylon-cotton (50/50) twill. (5
'oz/yd), or (2) Nomex muslin, (3.1 oz/yd?) or (3) Nomex twill, (4.5 oz/yd together with adhesive fabric/carbon fabric/adhesive fabric/nylon tricot fabric (2 ozlyd The adhesive fabric is Thermogrip 5030A as in EXAMPLE l. The fabric assembly is laminated at 350F. at 4% p.s.i. for 20 seconds on a commercial press and allowed to cool. The laminates have the following air permeabilities when tested in accordance with Method 5450 of Federal Test Method Standard 19!:
Fabric Air Permeability (cu ft 'lminlft) Nylon-cotton (50/50) twill. 31.6
5.0 oz/yd Nomex muslin. 55.5
3.] oz/yd Nomex twill 4.5 oz/yd 66.9
specification is susceptible to changes and modifications as may occur to persons skilled in the art without departing from the principle and spirit thereof. The terminology used is for purpose of description and not limitation, the scope of the invention being defined in the claims.
We claim:
1. A reinforced activated-carbon fabric formed by laminating an activated-carbon fabric constructed of activated-carbon yarns having a breaking strength of less than 1 gm/denier to at least one other non-carbon fabric in such a manner as not to poison the activatedcarbon and so as not to substantially reduce the permeability ofthe fabric layers wherein the lamination is accomplished by a. placing a layer of hot-melt adhesive fabric or netting between said activated-carbon fabric layer and said non-carbon fabric layer,
b. subjecting said combined layers to sufficient heat

Claims (3)

1. A REINFORCED ACTIVATED-CARBON FABRIC FORMED BY LAMINATING AN ACTIVATED-CARBON FABRIC CONSTRUCTED OF ACTIVATEDCARBON YARNS HAVING A BREAKING STRENGTH OF LESS THAN 1 GM/DENIER TO AT LEAST ONE OTHER NON-CARBON FABRIC IN SUCH A MANNER AS NOT TO POISON THE ACTIVATED-CARBON FABRIC IN SUCH A , AND SO AS NOT TO
2. A reinforced activated-carbon fabric wherein said hot-melt adhesive fabric or netting has a weight of from 0.1 to 3.0 oz/yd2.
3. A reinforced activated-carbon fabric wherein said bonded fabric layers have an air permeability of at least 25 ft3/min/ft2.
US38830973 1971-10-21 1973-08-14 Reinforced carbon fabrics Expired - Lifetime US3850785A (en)

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Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4181513A (en) * 1974-11-05 1980-01-01 Toyobo Co., Ltd. Carbon adsorptive filter material with layers of reinforcing non woven fabrics needle punched
US4186499A (en) * 1978-05-22 1980-02-05 Dayco Corporation Construction for absorbing odors caused by perspiration and method of making same
EP0058489A1 (en) * 1981-02-11 1982-08-25 Dunlop Limited Prosthetic devices for pressure sores
US4391616A (en) * 1980-07-24 1983-07-05 Toyo Boseki Kabushiki Kaisha Method of dehumidification
US4539249A (en) * 1983-09-06 1985-09-03 Textile Products, Incorporated Method and apparatus for producing blends of resinous, thermoplastic fiber, and laminated structures produced therefrom
US4565727A (en) * 1983-09-12 1986-01-21 American Cyanamid Co. Non-woven activated carbon fabric
WO1988010134A1 (en) * 1987-06-22 1988-12-29 Charcoal Cloth Limited Protective clothing against chemical and biological agents
US4809690A (en) * 1985-07-24 1989-03-07 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Protective skull cap for the skull
EP0374426A2 (en) * 1988-12-21 1990-06-27 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Laminated fabric for protective clothing
US5567501A (en) * 1994-06-15 1996-10-22 International Paper Company Thermally apertured nonwoven product
US5830555A (en) * 1994-06-15 1998-11-03 International Paper Company Thermally apertured nonwoven product and process for making same
US5851935A (en) * 1996-08-29 1998-12-22 Bba Nonwovens Simpsonville, Inc. Cross-directionally stretchable elastomeric fabric laminated by thermal spot bonding
US6025050A (en) * 1994-06-15 2000-02-15 Bba Nonwovens Simpsonville, Inc. Thermally appertured nonwoven laminates for wipes and coverstock for hygienic articles
US20030136266A1 (en) * 2001-12-21 2003-07-24 M+W Zander Facility Engineering Gmbh Adsorber For Cleaning Raw Gases, Filter Module Comprising Such An Adsorber, Filter Unit Comprising At Least Two Such Filter Modules, And Device For Conditioning Outer Air Or For Treatment Of Escaping Air With Such Filter Modules
US20040107474A1 (en) * 1991-11-25 2004-06-10 Als Enterprises, Inc. Odor absorbing article of clothing
FR2868956A1 (en) * 2004-04-20 2005-10-21 Philippe Boye Material, useful for manufacturing nuclear, biological and chemical protective equipment, comprises at least a filtering layer made up of an additional textile and at least an activated carbon mesh
US20050262620A1 (en) * 2004-05-26 2005-12-01 Shulong Li Protective garment system having activated carbon composite with improved adsorbency
US20050266750A1 (en) * 2004-05-26 2005-12-01 Shulong Li Treated activated carbon and process for making same
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US20150083161A1 (en) * 2012-11-05 2015-03-26 Steven Glenn Kersting Method and material for cleaning optical surfaces
US9352267B2 (en) 2012-06-20 2016-05-31 Hollingsworth & Vose Company Absorbent and/or adsorptive filter media
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US4809690A (en) * 1985-07-24 1989-03-07 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Protective skull cap for the skull
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EP0374426A2 (en) * 1988-12-21 1990-06-27 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Laminated fabric for protective clothing
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US5830555A (en) * 1994-06-15 1998-11-03 International Paper Company Thermally apertured nonwoven product and process for making same
US6025050A (en) * 1994-06-15 2000-02-15 Bba Nonwovens Simpsonville, Inc. Thermally appertured nonwoven laminates for wipes and coverstock for hygienic articles
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US6939395B2 (en) * 2001-12-21 2005-09-06 M+W Zander Facility Engineering Gmbh Adsorber for cleaning raw gases, filter module comprising such an adsorber, filter unit comprising at least two such filter modules, and device for conditioning outer air or for treatment of escaping air with such filter modules
FR2868956A1 (en) * 2004-04-20 2005-10-21 Philippe Boye Material, useful for manufacturing nuclear, biological and chemical protective equipment, comprises at least a filtering layer made up of an additional textile and at least an activated carbon mesh
US7589034B2 (en) 2004-05-26 2009-09-15 Milliken & Company Treated activated carbon and process for making same
US20070202259A1 (en) * 2004-05-26 2007-08-30 Shulong Li Process for making treated activated carbon
US20050266750A1 (en) * 2004-05-26 2005-12-01 Shulong Li Treated activated carbon and process for making same
US20110016618A1 (en) * 2004-05-26 2011-01-27 Shulong Li Protective garment system having activated carbon composite with improved absorbency
US20050262620A1 (en) * 2004-05-26 2005-12-01 Shulong Li Protective garment system having activated carbon composite with improved adsorbency
GB2452471A (en) * 2007-09-07 2009-03-11 Oeztek Tekstil Terbiye Tesisle Three layer fabric for nuclear, biological and chemical protective clothing
GB2452471B (en) * 2007-09-07 2010-12-22 Ztek Tekstil Terbiye Tesisleri Sanayi Ve Ticaret Anonim Sirketi Biological and Chemical Clothings
US9579626B1 (en) 2011-12-01 2017-02-28 Scentlok Technologies, Inc. Systems and methods for controlling odor
US9522207B1 (en) 2011-12-01 2016-12-20 Scentlok Technologies, Inc. Systems and methods for controlling odor
US10034505B1 (en) 2011-12-01 2018-07-31 Scentlok Technologies, Inc. Systems for controlling odor
US10034506B1 (en) 2011-12-01 2018-07-31 Scentlok Technologies, Inc. Systems for controlling odor
US10624401B1 (en) 2011-12-01 2020-04-21 Scentlok Technologies, Inc. Systems for controlling odor
US11452318B2 (en) 2011-12-01 2022-09-27 Scentlok Technologies, Inc. Systems for controlling odor
US9352267B2 (en) 2012-06-20 2016-05-31 Hollingsworth & Vose Company Absorbent and/or adsorptive filter media
US20150083161A1 (en) * 2012-11-05 2015-03-26 Steven Glenn Kersting Method and material for cleaning optical surfaces

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