US3715846A - Self-supporting insulating element - Google Patents

Self-supporting insulating element Download PDF

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US3715846A
US3715846A US00070206A US3715846DA US3715846A US 3715846 A US3715846 A US 3715846A US 00070206 A US00070206 A US 00070206A US 3715846D A US3715846D A US 3715846DA US 3715846 A US3715846 A US 3715846A
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insulating element
insulating
self
cover layer
folded
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H Sullhofer
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04DROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D3/00Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets
    • E04D3/35Roofing slabs or stiff sheets comprising two or more layers, e.g. for insulation
    • E04D3/351Roofing slabs or stiff sheets comprising two or more layers, e.g. for insulation at least one of the layers being composed of insulating material, e.g. fibre or foam material
    • E04D3/355Roofing slabs or stiff sheets comprising two or more layers, e.g. for insulation at least one of the layers being composed of insulating material, e.g. fibre or foam material the insulating layers of adjacent slabs having cooperating edges
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E04C2/20Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of plastics
    • E04C2/205Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of plastics of foamed plastics, or of plastics and foamed plastics, optionally reinforced
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E04C2/284Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
    • E04C2/296Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and non-metallic or unspecified sheet-material
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/34Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
    • E04C2/36Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts spaced apart by transversely-placed strip material, e.g. honeycomb panels
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04DROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D3/00Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets
    • E04D3/35Roofing slabs or stiff sheets comprising two or more layers, e.g. for insulation
    • E04D3/351Roofing slabs or stiff sheets comprising two or more layers, e.g. for insulation at least one of the layers being composed of insulating material, e.g. fibre or foam material
    • E04D3/352Roofing slabs or stiff sheets comprising two or more layers, e.g. for insulation at least one of the layers being composed of insulating material, e.g. fibre or foam material at least one insulating layer being located between non-insulating layers, e.g. double skin slabs or sheets

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A self-supporting insulating element for roofs and walls with an insulating core of hard foam material, especially polyurethane hard foam material, and with two cover layers one of which is formed by a reinforced metal sheet or reinforced web of synthetic material.
  • the present invention relates to a self-supporting insulating element for roofs and walls with an insulating core of hard foam, especially polyurethane hard foam, and two cover layers.
  • the heretofore known self-supporting insulating elements for roofing in addition to an insulating core provided on both sides with a cover layer, are provided with a reinforcement which is designed as a profiled metal sheet. Depending on the design and the arrangement of this reinforcement, either a continuous uniform insulating effect is impossible or the element cannot be uniformly foamed. On its bottom side it is corrugated and forms a non-uniform surface which is not suitable as face.
  • an object of the present invention to provide a self-supporting insulating element for roofs and walls with an insulating core of hard foam, especially polyurethane hard foam, and two cover layers which do not require an independent reinforcement, which can be foamed on the known double-belt conveyors in a single working operation and in a continuous manner, and which for roofing can be produced in the form of plates having a length extending from the ridge to the eaves of the roof.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a cross-section through an insulating element according to the invention and also shows an adjacent broken off element with webs designed as drawn-in plates with folds.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-section through an insulating element according to the invention and an adjacent broken off element with webs formed by widened folds.
  • the insulating element according to the present invention is characterized primarily in that at least one of the cover layers is designed as reinforced metal sheet or as reinforced web of synthetic material. In this way, on
  • a separate metal sheet or web of synthetic material as independent reinforcement is superfluous and, on the other hand, there is provided a stable selfsupporting insulating element which forms a plate adapted to be walked on.
  • the insulating element will on one side have a smooth surface which is suitable as face.
  • the reinforced metalplate or metal sheet is at even distances provided with webs which are arranged perpendicularly with re gard to the cover layer and point in the direction of the core of the insulating element.
  • the planes of which are perpendicular to the plane of the plate or sheet a high resistance moment against bending is obtained whereby theelement can be subjected to such high loads that it can be walked on.
  • the insulating element may be made of such a length that it will extend from the ridge to the eaves when used for roofing. In this way it is possible to carry out the roofing in a minimum of time by merely placing the insulating elements alongside each other and fastening the same.
  • the webs may be designed as drawn-in folds. This can be done by edging or bending and folding while the root portions of all webs are located in one plane and form fine grooves in the cover layer.
  • the folds have their zenith portions widened so as to form a hollow chamber of triangular cross-section, one side of the triangle extending parallel to the cover layers.
  • the insulating element becomes particularly torsion resistant.
  • the reinforced metal sheet may, at least on one side of the insulating element, be pulled into the fold. In this way a better bearing surface or seat for the adjacent element and a good seal for the foam material isobtained.
  • the cover layer forming the reinforcement comprises a plurality of plates which are loosely placed against each other and which at the apex of the folds are folded together. In this way also smaller plates or webs can be employed for the reinforced cover layer.
  • the insulating element 10 comprises an insulating core 11 of hard foam, especially polyurethane hard foam, which on both sides has firmly cemented thereto a cover layer 12 and 13 respectively.
  • the cover layer 12, which in the drawing forms the upper cover layer, is prefabricated as a web and consists of a burled diffusion-tight layer of hard polyvinylchloride or another suitable synthetic material, or may be applied in liquid form.
  • the cover layer 13 which in the drawing forms the lower cover layer is formed of a metal sheet or plate which has an outer surface 13a and folded sections 14 which extend substantially perpendicularly with regard to said surface 13a and extend into the insulating core 11.
  • These folded sections 14 form with the outer surface 13: a continuous plate or sheet and are formed, for instance, by edging or bending the sheet at certain distances and in certain directions.
  • the folded sections 14 are folded so sharply that the two folded walls are tightly located against each other and at the bottom side of the insulating element 10 merely form longitudinal grooves 15 which are located at even distances from each other on the surface layer 13a and thereby form a good face.
  • the element By arranging the folded sections 14 at the lower cover layer 13, the element can be foamed well from the top, and a continuous uniform insulating layer is obtained.
  • the foam material above the apexes 16 of the folds 14 might be subjected to an increased specific surface load.
  • the folded sections 14 In order to reduce the specific surface load under such circumstances, with the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the folded sections 14 have their apex portion widened so as to form a hollow chamber 17 of triangular cross-section, one side, namely the side 18 of the triangle, being parallel to the cover layers 12 and 13. In this way, the insulating element will have a higher supporting capability and a greater resistance against torsion forces. Furthermore, the increased specific surface load at the apexes 16 of the folded sections 14 is considerably reduced.
  • the lower cover layer 13 can also be composed of a plurality of plates which, in such an instance, will at the apexes 16 of the folded portions 14 be folded together as shown e.g. with the right-hand section of FIG. 1.
  • This manufacturing possibility may be selected when machines for rolling and folding the sheet metal into folded webs are not available.
  • the insulating element is provided with a recess 19 into which is bent the free end 20 (see left-hand side of FIG. 1, of the cover layer 13. In this way a good bearing surface is created for the respective adjacent element 21, and a good seal for the edge of the insulating core 11 is realized.
  • the lower cover layer 13 beingformed as a reinforced metal plate, it is possible to produce selfsupporting insulating elements of considerable strength which rest only at their ends on the purlins of the roof construction and do not need any further support.
  • the self-supporting insulating elements according to the invention extend from the ridge to the eaves of the roof and can in one working step from above mechanically be foamed on the well known double conveyor installations.
  • the insulating elements are firmly connected to the burled outer layer either by the adhesiveness of the polyurethane hard foam or by foams which have a similar good adhesive property, and after having been installed are manually provided with a roof cover or may be provided with a roof skin forming the outer layer which extends beyond the adjacent or abutting edges of the insulating element and at said edges merely has to be welded or cemented.
  • the foam material up to the edges of the insulating element is enclosed in a diffusion-tight manner by the smooth or buried hard polyvinylchloride foil or by the lower cover layer made of other synthetic materials in the form of webs and suitable for this purpose or may be applied in liquid form.
  • the edges are partially by the formed cover layer and partially by a sealing substance likewise closed in a diffusion-tight manner.
  • a sealing substance there may be employed the sealing substance disclosed in my co-pending application Ser. No. 801,087 filed Feb. 20, 1969, and more specifically consisting primarily of substances such as polyvinylchloride, polyethylene, polyester, paraffin, or the like. In this way the original favorable insulating effect of the polyurethane hard foam material is maintained.
  • a self-supporting insulating element for building structures comprising two spaced cover layers forming the two sides of said panel, one of said cover layers being metal and having spaced folded sections extending perpendicular to the outer surface of said panel and toward the opposite cover layer with the two sides of each folded section extending inwardly from the surface parallel to and in contact with each other, said two sides of each section beyond the median plane of said element diverging to form a hollow chamber means of triangular cross section, said other cover layer being of synthetic material and spaced from said folded sections, and a core body of hard polyurethane foam between said cover layers, said core body filling the space between said folded sections and said cover layers and providing a continuous insulation layer adjacent said other cover layer and sustaining said folded sections against deformation to strengthen said structure further.

Abstract

A self-supporting insulating element for roofs and walls with an insulating core of hard foam material, especially polyurethane hard foam material, and with two cover layers one of which is formed by a reinforced metal sheet or reinforced web of synthetic material.

Description

United States Patent 1191 1111 3,715,846 Sullhofer Feb. 13, 1973 [541 SELF-SUPPORTING INSULATING 3,192,099 6/1965 Beckman ..52/6l8 ELEMENT 3,381,432 5/ 1 968 Brandwein ..52 309 I 3,535,844 10/1970 Glaros ..52/309 1 lnvemorl Heinz Sullhofer, Nlederrhemstrasse 3,336,179 8/1967 Campbell ..52 336 158, 4000 Dusseldorf, Germany FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS [22] Filed: Sept. 8, 1970 A 1' 2 36 [21] Appl' No: 70,206 258 1926 ustra 1a 5 /3 Primary ExaminerFrank L. Abbott Assistant Examiner-Henry E. Raduazo Att0meyWalter Becker [5 7] ABSTRACT A self-supporting insulating element for roofs and walls with an insulating core of hard foam material, especially polyurethane hard foam material, and with two cover layers one of which is formed by a reinforced metal sheet or reinforced web of synthetic material.
1 Claim, 2 Drawing Figures PATENTEU FEB 13 I975 INVENTOR. fif 72 Err/ye, BY
SELF-SUPPORTING INSULATING ELEMENT The present invention relates to a self-supporting insulating element for roofs and walls with an insulating core of hard foam, especially polyurethane hard foam, and two cover layers.
The heretofore known self-supporting insulating elements for roofing, in addition to an insulating core provided on both sides with a cover layer, are provided with a reinforcement which is designed as a profiled metal sheet. Depending on the design and the arrangement of this reinforcement, either a continuous uniform insulating effect is impossible or the element cannot be uniformly foamed. On its bottom side it is corrugated and forms a non-uniform surface which is not suitable as face.
It is, therefore, an object of the present invention to provide a self-supporting insulating element for roofs and walls with an insulating core of hard foam, especially polyurethane hard foam, and two cover layers which do not require an independent reinforcement, which can be foamed on the known double-belt conveyors in a single working operation and in a continuous manner, and which for roofing can be produced in the form of plates having a length extending from the ridge to the eaves of the roof.
It is another object of this invention to provide a selfsupporting insulating element as set forth above which will overcome the drawbacks and shortcomings of heretofore known insulating elements of the type involved.
These and other objects and advantages of the invention will appear more clearly from the following specification in connection with the accompanying drawing, in which:
FIG. 1 illustrates a cross-section through an insulating element according to the invention and also shows an adjacent broken off element with webs designed as drawn-in plates with folds.
FIG. 2 is a cross-section through an insulating element according to the invention and an adjacent broken off element with webs formed by widened folds.
The insulating element according to the present invention is characterized primarily in that at least one of the cover layers is designed as reinforced metal sheet or as reinforced web of synthetic material. In this way, on
one hand, a separate metal sheet or web of synthetic material as independent reinforcement is superfluous and, on the other hand, there is provided a stable selfsupporting insulating element which forms a plate adapted to be walked on. In view of the reinforced metal sheet or the reinforced web of synthetic material, the insulating element will on one side have a smooth surface which is suitable as face.
According to a practical embodiment of the insulating element according to the invention, the reinforced metalplate or metal sheet is at even distances provided with webs which are arranged perpendicularly with re gard to the cover layer and point in the direction of the core of the insulating element. In view of these webs, the planes of which are perpendicular to the plane of the plate or sheet, a high resistance moment against bending is obtained whereby theelement can be subjected to such high loads that it can be walked on. The insulating element may be made of such a length that it will extend from the ridge to the eaves when used for roofing. In this way it is possible to carry out the roofing in a minimum of time by merely placing the insulating elements alongside each other and fastening the same.
If it is desired to form the webs from a continuous sheet metal plate, they may be designed as drawn-in folds. This can be done by edging or bending and folding while the root portions of all webs are located in one plane and form fine grooves in the cover layer.
According to a modified design of the insulating element according to the invention, the folds have their zenith portions widened so as to form a hollow chamber of triangular cross-section, one side of the triangle extending parallel to the cover layers. In this way a high resistance moment against torsion forces is obtained. In other words, the insulating element becomes particularly torsion resistant. By correspondingly dimensioning the height of the webs and the distance between the webs, the static loadability of the insulating element can be varied.
If the insulating element has its edges provided with a stepped fold, the reinforced metal sheet may, at least on one side of the insulating element, be pulled into the fold. In this way a better bearing surface or seat for the adjacent element and a good seal for the foam material isobtained.
According to a further modified design of the insulating element according to the invention the cover layer forming the reinforcement comprises a plurality of plates which are loosely placed against each other and which at the apex of the folds are folded together. In this way also smaller plates or webs can be employed for the reinforced cover layer.
Referring now to the drawing in detail, the insulating element 10 comprises an insulating core 11 of hard foam, especially polyurethane hard foam, which on both sides has firmly cemented thereto a cover layer 12 and 13 respectively. The cover layer 12, which in the drawing forms the upper cover layer, is prefabricated as a web and consists of a burled diffusion-tight layer of hard polyvinylchloride or another suitable synthetic material, or may be applied in liquid form.
The cover layer 13 which in the drawing forms the lower cover layer is formed of a metal sheet or plate which has an outer surface 13a and folded sections 14 which extend substantially perpendicularly with regard to said surface 13a and extend into the insulating core 11. These folded sections 14 form with the outer surface 13: a continuous plate or sheet and are formed, for instance, by edging or bending the sheet at certain distances and in certain directions. The folded sections 14 are folded so sharply that the two folded walls are tightly located against each other and at the bottom side of the insulating element 10 merely form longitudinal grooves 15 which are located at even distances from each other on the surface layer 13a and thereby form a good face.
By arranging the folded sections 14 at the lower cover layer 13, the element can be foamed well from the top, and a continuous uniform insulating layer is obtained. When the insulating element is walked on, it is possible that the foam material above the apexes 16 of the folds 14 might be subjected to an increased specific surface load. In order to reduce the specific surface load under such circumstances, with the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the folded sections 14 have their apex portion widened so as to form a hollow chamber 17 of triangular cross-section, one side, namely the side 18 of the triangle, being parallel to the cover layers 12 and 13. In this way, the insulating element will have a higher supporting capability and a greater resistance against torsion forces. Furthermore, the increased specific surface load at the apexes 16 of the folded sections 14 is considerably reduced.
Instead of forming the lower cover layer 13 with the folded portions 14 of a single integral piece, it can also be composed of a plurality of plates which, in such an instance, will at the apexes 16 of the folded portions 14 be folded together as shown e.g. with the right-hand section of FIG. 1. This manufacturing possibility may be selected when machines for rolling and folding the sheet metal into folded webs are not available. At the edge portions, the insulating element is provided with a recess 19 into which is bent the free end 20 (see left-hand side of FIG. 1, of the cover layer 13. In this way a good bearing surface is created for the respective adjacent element 21, and a good seal for the edge of the insulating core 11 is realized.
In view of the lower cover layer 13 beingformed as a reinforced metal plate, it is possible to produce selfsupporting insulating elements of considerable strength which rest only at their ends on the purlins of the roof construction and do not need any further support. The self-supporting insulating elements according to the invention extend from the ridge to the eaves of the roof and can in one working step from above mechanically be foamed on the well known double conveyor installations. The insulating elements are firmly connected to the burled outer layer either by the adhesiveness of the polyurethane hard foam or by foams which have a similar good adhesive property, and after having been installed are manually provided with a roof cover or may be provided with a roof skin forming the outer layer which extends beyond the adjacent or abutting edges of the insulating element and at said edges merely has to be welded or cemented.
The foam material up to the edges of the insulating element is enclosed in a diffusion-tight manner by the smooth or buried hard polyvinylchloride foil or by the lower cover layer made of other synthetic materials in the form of webs and suitable for this purpose or may be applied in liquid form. The edges are partially by the formed cover layer and partially by a sealing substance likewise closed in a diffusion-tight manner. As such sealing substance there may be employed the sealing substance disclosed in my co-pending application Ser. No. 801,087 filed Feb. 20, 1969, and more specifically consisting primarily of substances such as polyvinylchloride, polyethylene, polyester, paraffin, or the like. In this way the original favorable insulating effect of the polyurethane hard foam material is maintained.
It is, of course, to be understood that the present invention is, by no means, limited to the particular showing in the drawing, but also comprises any modifications within the scope of the appended claims.
What I claim is:
I. A self-supporting insulating element for building structures, comprising two spaced cover layers forming the two sides of said panel, one of said cover layers being metal and having spaced folded sections extending perpendicular to the outer surface of said panel and toward the opposite cover layer with the two sides of each folded section extending inwardly from the surface parallel to and in contact with each other, said two sides of each section beyond the median plane of said element diverging to form a hollow chamber means of triangular cross section, said other cover layer being of synthetic material and spaced from said folded sections, and a core body of hard polyurethane foam between said cover layers, said core body filling the space between said folded sections and said cover layers and providing a continuous insulation layer adjacent said other cover layer and sustaining said folded sections against deformation to strengthen said structure further.
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Cited By (28)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3912325A (en) * 1974-10-31 1975-10-14 Johnson Rubber Co Truck bed liner and dock bumper combination
US3974612A (en) * 1972-07-03 1976-08-17 Karl Karner Structural element
US4505082A (en) * 1982-02-10 1985-03-19 Peter Schmitz Structural panel
US4646499A (en) * 1984-10-13 1987-03-03 F. G. Wilson (Engineering) Limited Roofs
US4656809A (en) * 1984-02-25 1987-04-14 Wilson Double Deck Trailers Limited Profiled sheet material
US4671028A (en) * 1984-08-07 1987-06-09 Figone Frank M Intrinsically hinged load member
US4683688A (en) * 1984-03-16 1987-08-04 Wojcinski Allan S Containerized shooting range
EP0327466A1 (en) * 1988-02-05 1989-08-09 Société Industrielle de l'Ouest des produits Isolants" OUEST-ISOL" Covering panel, particularly an insulating covering panel
US5287671A (en) * 1992-03-26 1994-02-22 Ueki Kokan Kabushiki Kaisha Construction panel with edges adapted to be coupled together
EP0854249A1 (en) * 1997-01-17 1998-07-22 Dr. Kohl GmbH & Cie Dachbelag- und Bautenschutzmittel-Fabrik Roofing sheet with studs
US5817990A (en) * 1996-07-25 1998-10-06 Aaf International Wall structure for sound attenuating apparatus
US5927032A (en) * 1997-04-25 1999-07-27 Record; Grant C. Insulated building panel with a unitary shear resistance connector array
US6357191B1 (en) * 2000-02-03 2002-03-19 Epic Metals Corporation Composite deck
DE10045840A1 (en) * 2000-09-14 2002-04-04 Stahl Kuechen & Hygiene Gmbh Construction element for production of a variety of items incorporates a hollow interior which is almost completely filled with a core material
WO2002035020A2 (en) * 2000-10-27 2002-05-02 Plastedil S.A. Composite construction element, in particular for the manufacture of covering structures or wall structures of buildings
US6418686B1 (en) * 1997-04-25 2002-07-16 Leading Edge Earth Products, Inc. Insulated asymmetrical directional force resistant building panel with symmetrical joinery, integral shear resistance connector and thermal break
US20050194381A1 (en) * 2004-03-05 2005-09-08 Martin Marietta Materials, Inc. Insulated cargo containers
US20050252164A1 (en) * 2004-03-05 2005-11-17 Zupancich Ronald J Insulated cargo containers
US20050252913A1 (en) * 2004-04-12 2005-11-17 Zupancich Ronald J Insulated cargo container doors
US20060070548A1 (en) * 2004-10-05 2006-04-06 Joseph Seiter Cargo container with insulated floor
US20060108361A1 (en) * 2004-10-08 2006-05-25 Seiter Joseph A Insulated cargo container doors
US20070034110A1 (en) * 2003-02-13 2007-02-15 Zupancich Ronald J Insulated cargo containers
US20070289234A1 (en) * 2004-08-02 2007-12-20 Barry Carlson Composite decking material and methods associated with the same
US20090094929A1 (en) * 2004-08-02 2009-04-16 Carlson Barry L Reinforced structural member and frame structures
DE112006002094B4 (en) * 2005-08-12 2009-11-12 Roh, Won Hoon, Yongin Massive decorative paneling
US8065848B2 (en) 2007-09-18 2011-11-29 Tac Technologies, Llc Structural member
WO2014193301A1 (en) * 2013-05-30 2014-12-04 Ssab Technology Ab Sandwich element and a load floor made as such an element
US20230250638A1 (en) * 2017-11-24 2023-08-10 Bluescope Steel Limited Panel

Cited By (44)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3974612A (en) * 1972-07-03 1976-08-17 Karl Karner Structural element
US3912325A (en) * 1974-10-31 1975-10-14 Johnson Rubber Co Truck bed liner and dock bumper combination
US4505082A (en) * 1982-02-10 1985-03-19 Peter Schmitz Structural panel
US4656809A (en) * 1984-02-25 1987-04-14 Wilson Double Deck Trailers Limited Profiled sheet material
US4683688A (en) * 1984-03-16 1987-08-04 Wojcinski Allan S Containerized shooting range
US4671028A (en) * 1984-08-07 1987-06-09 Figone Frank M Intrinsically hinged load member
US4646499A (en) * 1984-10-13 1987-03-03 F. G. Wilson (Engineering) Limited Roofs
EP0327466A1 (en) * 1988-02-05 1989-08-09 Société Industrielle de l'Ouest des produits Isolants" OUEST-ISOL" Covering panel, particularly an insulating covering panel
FR2626917A1 (en) * 1988-02-05 1989-08-11 Ouest Isol Ste Indle COATING PANEL, IN PARTICULAR ISOLATION
US5287671A (en) * 1992-03-26 1994-02-22 Ueki Kokan Kabushiki Kaisha Construction panel with edges adapted to be coupled together
US5817990A (en) * 1996-07-25 1998-10-06 Aaf International Wall structure for sound attenuating apparatus
EP0854249A1 (en) * 1997-01-17 1998-07-22 Dr. Kohl GmbH & Cie Dachbelag- und Bautenschutzmittel-Fabrik Roofing sheet with studs
US5927032A (en) * 1997-04-25 1999-07-27 Record; Grant C. Insulated building panel with a unitary shear resistance connector array
US6418686B1 (en) * 1997-04-25 2002-07-16 Leading Edge Earth Products, Inc. Insulated asymmetrical directional force resistant building panel with symmetrical joinery, integral shear resistance connector and thermal break
US7107731B2 (en) * 1997-04-25 2006-09-19 Leep, Inc. Insulated asymmetrical directional force resistant building panel with symmetrical joinery, integral shear resistance connector and thermal break
US6357191B1 (en) * 2000-02-03 2002-03-19 Epic Metals Corporation Composite deck
DE10045840A1 (en) * 2000-09-14 2002-04-04 Stahl Kuechen & Hygiene Gmbh Construction element for production of a variety of items incorporates a hollow interior which is almost completely filled with a core material
DE10045840C2 (en) * 2000-09-14 2002-08-01 Stahl Kuechen & Hygiene Gmbh Construction element for the production of furnishing objects
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