US2613001A - Cargo handling apparatus for ships - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 7, 1952 B. M. GREEN CARGO HANDLING APPARATUSFOR SHIPS Filed Nov. 12, 1947 4 Sheets$heet l I I r ATTORIVEK Get. 7, 1952 GREEN 2,613,001

CARGO HANDLING APPARATUS FOR SHIPS Filed Nov. 12, 1947 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 I V EN TOR,

M ream Oct. 7, 1952 B. M. GREEN 2,613,001

CARGO HANDLING APPARATUS FOR SHIPS Filed Nov. 12. 1.947 4 Sheets-Sheet a INV NTOR, flzmZo/z M 1 6615 ATTDRNMY Oct. 7, 1952 B. M. GREEN 2,513,001

CARGO HANDLING APPARATUS FOR SHIPS Filed Nov. 12, 1947 4 SheetsSheet 4 INVENTOR,

Bu? 62 6a Patented Oct. 7, 1952 UNITED STATE S PATENT OFFICE cARconANnLING APPARATUS FOR SHIPS 'nurmnmcreen,Baustbn'sp n.Y, Application November 12, 1947, sci-lame. 785,383

the purposeofhandlingof cargo oi any'kind or rigging in combination with the outboard guy, from the mast or post to the boom and from said boom to a connection spaced outboard from the ma'stpso that when the derrick is: in use, the

which also'swings or boom-under its own weight, orunder'the weight of the boom, and this swinging movement will be controlled by the inboard power guy or drag line for-the purpose of slacking the boom outboard and retrieving it to the position over the hatch. Another object is to provide a rigging of this" character with which the boom is swung up or moved inwardly toward the mast or Samson post when swung in by the power control guy or drag line, and with which the boom is swung down or lowered as it moves to the outboard position so that agreater over-the-side extension of the I boom is accomplished without adjustment of or attention to the topping lift tackle rigging, which minimizes the operation of the topping-lift winch. i i

A further object is to provide a combination topping lift and guy tackle whichfunctions reciprocally so that when the boom is hoisted to its proper position it'assumes arnatural gravitational swing'toward the outboard or over-the-side position when the controlling inboard guy is slacked off, the parts being capable of adjustment. to varythe gravitational swinging force-in accordance with the adjustments made in placing" the deck or lower block of the outboard guy; l

Still another purpose is to, so construct and arrangethe parts that the outboard or over-theside swinging movement is induced by gravity, with themovement of the boom then readily con trolled by a single inboard power guy drag line,

2 a r I l retrieves the boom to its position over the cargo hatchropeningby a single winch operations Another purpose .is to so construct the parts that the running tackle rigging can be a guntackle, a luff-tackle, a two-fold purchase, a threefold purchase, a four-fold purchase, or in fact any suitable rigging that may be found desirable or necessary; depending upon the conditions of use and the load to be handled and the purchase desired to be employed.

Yet another purpose of my invention is toprovide apparatusof this character which can be readily installed and used in connection with derrick and boom and mast and post stretchers as now ordinarily installed and in use upon ships, derrick barges, lightersjand shore cranes, which maybe stationary or movable, with only slight structural changesbeing required.

:Yet another purpose isto provide an apparatus of this character in which the load carrying end of the derrick boom will lower gradually as the boom swings by gravity to the outboard or over-fthe-sideiposition, and reversely the boom will'top-up or beraised when swung inboard over thecargohatch opening by the power control or retrieving guy. i

Another purposeis to so construct and arrange the topping-lift purchase and the guy-tackle purchase for swinging the boom, that various types of running rigging can be employed depending upon the load to be handled, and the guy-tackle purchase rigging can be adjusted to give greater or less top-up and lowering move-'- ment oi? the boom, as well as to increase and decrease the gravitational pull tending to swing the derrick boom to theoutboard position. Another purpose is in the provision of rigging fora ship mounted with acargo handling derrick of such character that the booms can 'be lifted up at sea, as long as the cargo fall is hooked onto the deck and the topping lift rigging isdrawn taut, thus-leaving the booms always in position for immediate use and made ready over asection of a cargo hatchopening where cargo is to be discharged or lowered, with no further adjustment of the boombeing necessary.

Still another purposeis to provide a cargo handling apparatus for ships with which the running end of the combination guy and toppinglifttackle canbe made fast, or can be connected with a suitable winch, and with which the parts and operations can be readily carried out by employment of a-winch for the cargo fall rlgging and a winch for the control drag line.

With the above and other objects in view, some of which will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and others of which result from the combination and arrangement of parts and the interrelated operation, my invention includes certain novel features of construction and combinations and arrangements and assemblies of parts which will hereinafter be set forth in connection with the drawings, and thenpointed out in the claims.

In the drawings: a

Figure 1 is a transverse fragmentary sectional view through the forward part of a ship showing an embodiment of my invention with a derrick boom mounted upon a Samson post.

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary top plan and deck view of the installation shown in Figure 1.

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary detailedview-of agoose 7 neck boom mounting adaptable for usewith my I invention.

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary detailed view showing a saddle structure adaptable to receive andthold the boom when not in use.

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary deck and plan view illustrating an embodiment of my invention with a single mast derrick structure.

. 'Fig. dis a view similar toaFigure 1, showing :anotherembodiment. I

I Asdisclosed in Figures land 2 the boom I is mounted for up and down and for lateral swinging movement on the mast or Samson post or King post, or other suitable upright post construction v2, and in the present instance this support 2 can be taken as .a .Samson post, two such posts being usuallyproyided, as disclosed in Fig. 2. Fig. 2 illustrates a ship structure, the hull of which is indicated at 3, in the bow portion, and then shows the. Samson post 2 as mounted forward of No. 1 'hatchway, as indicated at 4. Of course, it willnbe .understood and appreciated that my invention can be embodied with .a single mast, or a Samson post, or King. post, either-forward or astern of ahatch opening over which the crane or'derrick structure istooperate. Further, while Ihave herein particularlyillustratedmy invention in connectionwith a derrick upon ,a ship, it is to be understood and appreciated that the present invention is equally caliable of use upon substantially any derrick construction, ashore or afloat, where it may be. desired to. secure. or accomplish an increased outboard movement or swing of the top of the boom from one location to another; and where it is desirable that movement in onedirection be accomplished through employment of a drag line, andmovement in the other direction be resultant from gravity forces due to the weight of the boom when either loaded or unloaded. q I

. In Fig. 3, I have-illustrated a gooseneck mounting forthe boom 1, so that this boom can have substantially 180 degrees oftransverse swing with respect to the mast or post 2. As here disclosed. a. bracket 5 carried by. the. post or mast 2 has journaled therein. a portion of the gooseneck bearingmember 6, and,-the.foot of the boom I has a bearingportion I mounted in the goose,- neck bearing portion 6 for the up and down swinging movement, horizontal swinging .move-. ment being accommodated by the pin 8 turning within, the bearing portion 5. A block '9 is also swingably mountedby the bearing portion 5, and is thus conveniently disposed to receive the load line I0 constituting part of the load tackle and preferably extending over a sheaveII at the top of theboom and provided on its depending end with a cargo hook I2, The bearing ls,,prefer-,

ably offset outboard at an angle of about 30 degrees from the center line to thus allow full outboard swing of boom I.

With the boom I mounted in the manner set forth, this boom is capable of up and down swinging movement to an angle of substantially degrees, or substantially from the horizontal to the perpendicular, and is also permitted horizontal swinging movement throughout substantially degrees from its inboard to its over-the-side or outboard position. Movement of the boom is retrieved by an inboard power guy I3, which is run over a block or sheave I5, and has its running end ,disposedin: position to be taken in or payed out or slackened off, by a suitable winch IS.

The load line or cargo fall I I} can be hauled or slackedin any ,desired manner, and in the present instance I have illustrated a winch I! as being positioned to handle the running end of this cargo fall I0. It is preferable that the winch I! be of thegeneral type of winch, electric or steam, as now installed .upon vessels handling general cargo.

In the embodiment illustrated in Figure 1, the boom 1 has-a block or sheave I3 receiving a runningpart of cable orlrope I9 constituting the topping-lift tackle, and sheaves 20 and 2| are provided on thehead or peak of the Samson post ormast 2 for running parts of cable I9 so that the topping-lifttackle is a gun-tackle. One runningportion of thiscable I9 is lead through the sheave. 20 and down themast or Samson .post 2, and .is then lead through suitable sheaves and to a winch 22. The pendant cable 23 is connected with thepeak of the'boom to serve as partof a guy tackle opposite thepower guy or drag line I3. .Asheave 24is becketed to this pendant cable 23. Therunning portion of cable I9 running through sheave H. is carried downwardly and through a heel block;,,or deck outboard guy block 25, then back up through sheave 24,- and is returned to and is becketed on the heel block 25. This heelblock 25 is connected with the elevated part 26, or isconnected in an eye 2! located on the deck or other suitable portion of the ship, on the 'outboardside and spaced away from .the mast 2. ..,Asindicated at 28, in. Fig. 2,-several eyes can be provided atdifferentdistances ofspacing from the post or mast 2yand thus the heel block 25 can be connected atgreater or lesser distance outboard from the mast 2." V q With-the cable I9 running through the blocks 24 and 25,13. gun-tackle purchase is arranged to fa l from the. pendant cable 23, and tovserveascan outboard guy tackle. As, stated, the block 25 can be connected at the brake of the forecastle head, at therail, or. any other suitable point upon the deck, and in thisway connection ofthe guy tackle purchase can be disposed. closer to or further from the foot of the mast or post. 2.

x-Thewinch '22 is preferably of the screw or brake or ratchet type so that the guytackle can be. adjusted to elevate the head or peak of the boom "to dispose the. cargo hook I2 in. proper relation with respect to the hatch opening 4, and through-the power drag line I3 the cargo boom can be'moved in, as shown by the dotted linesinlFig. 2, or to the full line position of Figure l. .,.The load cable. I0 can then be used to secure and lift a load from. the hold, or can be slackedofi to lower a load. When it desiredto: have the boom move to the outboard position, the drag line I3 is slacked offfromthe winchlfi, and the'outboard spacing of. the heel blocky25 of' the guy'tackle will cause the boom l to move by gravity toward and 'to'its outboard the boom is swung by gravityforce to its outboard positiomthepeak of the boom is at the same time lowered to thus give the desired boom reach.

Further, sincea pier'or wharf floor or a lighter deck is ordinarily ata somewhatilowerlevel than thehatchway coaming, as the boomlswings out by gravity the load, generally indicated at ZBin Figure 1, will be lowered, andlas the boom isretrievedthrough the drag line l3, the.ipeak of the boom will be raised and the load. will be suficiently elevated to clear the deckand rail and hatch coaming of the ship. With this arrangement, in which the outboard guy moves in conjunction with the topping-lift, which imposes the pulling power on the guy, it is not necessary to have another outside guy; only the inboard retrieving power guy or drag line is necessary to complete the necessary swinging movement of the derrick. As stated, the outboard drag line tackle and the topping-lift tackle will automatically run and adjust to lower the peak of the boom l, and consequently increase the out- :boardor over-the-side reach of theboom and at the same time lower the load as suspended by the cargo hook l2. l -Ordinarily, it has been found expedient to lower the cargo booms and support; these on rests in substantially horizontal position when the booms are not in use or-the ship is at" sea or traveling; and, I have foundthat with. my present-rigging this lowering of the booms is not required, since the booms can be secured to remain in place and to prevent moving. .Further in this respect, as shown in Figs. ,4: andfi, for convenient securing on the usual bridge 30 .extending across between the Samson posts 2, I provide a hook-like cradle 3| into whichthe boom I can be fitted when raised to a position adjacent to the posts or masts 2. A locking toggle and pin can be provided at 32, or other securing means can be employed to hold the boom in the. saddle 3i, and this will allow the combined topping-lift and outboard guy tackle to be slacked off, and the boom will be secured against shifting or other movement. Thus, it is possible to keep the boom rigged and in an upright position where it is ready for almost instantaneous use.

While the disclosure has been particularly related to a starboard derrick structure including astarboard Samson post and boom, with the boom working over the starboard sideof the ship, .it is to be understood and appreciated that a similar adaptation can be employedon the port side Samson post or King post or mast. Thus,.it. may be .foundnecessary for the winches l6 and "to be used interchangeably.

In the embodiment of my invention illustrated in Fig. 5, the ship hull is generally indicated at 33, and a derrick mast 34 is provided substantially at the center line of the hull aft of the cargo hatch 35. The boom 36 is here disclosed as rigged for use over the starboard side, and a plurality of deck rings are disclosed at 31, atdib ferent locations, so that the heel block, or deck outboard guy block, 38 can be disposed at different adjusted distances transverselywith respect to the mast, and to positionsforward and aft of a line taken transversely through the mast. Thus, it is possible to .adjustthe position ofxthe heel block 38,;so that greater or lesser pull will be. exerted through the outboardguy tackle.

1 With the adaptation illustrated'in Fig. 6, the arrangement of "the parts is, substantially similar to the previously describedembodiments, and the boom 39 is movable with respect to a. post or mast 40. The topping-lift M is here shown asa doublepurchase tackle, and the outboard guy tackle 42 is illustrated as a luff-tackle In this connection, it will be understood and appreciated that various arrangements can be made of thetopping-lift tackle and the outboardguy tackle; to include gun-tackle rigging or ,luiftackle, 2-fold purchase rigging, 3-fold purchase tackle, 4-fold. purchase rigging,-or any suitable combinationof twoof. theseriggings. Thus, it willdbe possible to accomplish many different arrangements. andlmovements and to vary..the purchase forces exerted by the topping-lift tackle andthe ,outboardguy tackle. H Theiadvantages gained bymy improved combination of topping-lift and outboard guy .taickle is resultant from the reciprocal takeeup and. running. out of the two tackles as the boom is swung inboard through the drag, line or inboardj guy tackle,-and is permitted to swing outboardgto its over-the sideposition by gravity as the inboard draglineis slacked off, and it will be seen that when the boomis hoisted to its proper position it. assumes a natural gravitational swing toward the outboarddeck block through the weightof the ,cargoboomora load held on the cargo hook. The swinging movement of the boom is controlled by slacking off the inboard power guy or drag line, and the boom is retrieved bythis inboard guy to be swung back to its position over the cargo hatch by use ofa single winch, and this single winch is operated substantially only 50 percent of the time. It will of course be appreciated that no Burton tackles or guys are necessary to hold the boom substantially orto swing the boom in connection or conjunction with the other cargo booms orin connectionwith guy booms.

Outboard movement of the boom is alsoby gravity and inboard movementfalso by power. ,It iwillthus beappreciated that myinvention eliminates the old or present style of rigging includingurope tackle guys and preventor guy wires, which are used in maintaining a fixed posiiton of a cargo boom with a Burton rig. Thus omission of the usual restraining tackles will be appreciated in the advantage of winch operation. i i a One winch is operated to lift the load and hold it on the cargo hookywhile the adjacent winch is used to swing the boom inboard and to slacken ofi the inboard drag line for controlling the boom in its outboard movement. Of course, a third winch can be used for controlling the combination topping-lift and outboard guy line tackle for the purpose of controlling the boom extension over the hatchway when handling heavy lifts, or this tackle can be adjusted manually and made fast to suitable chocks or fastenings. This third winch for controlling operation of the topping lift assembly will of course save manual handling and labor while stowing cargo in the forward or after ends of a compartment when shifting from one cargo storage to another. In some cases, as especially with a vessel having center masts-located at the forwardandafter ends or hatches, the topping-lift and guytackle as.- sembly may beeasily shifted to accommodate loading and unloading of cargo movements: on either side of the ship, by simply lowering the boom to a horizontal positionon its rest base and-then efiecting achange-over on the winches to accommodate the particular side on which the boom is to be us'edso that the-power-guy or drag line may be roveofi" of the winch on the opposite side.

, 'Also, it will be seen that the winch movement in operation of the boom while handling cargo will be equal to only about half of the normal operation involved in the present riggings and boom operation and with the present style of fixed or stationary adjusted booms stayed or guyed in fixed position.

- While I have shown and described only certain particular embodiments of my invention and have suggested only certain other possible embodiments, it will be appreciated that many variations in the tackle rigging and purchase arrangements can be made calculated for the stress'on the topping-lift and'the outboard guy tackle, and that the swinging leverage or force exerted by the tackle can be varied by different arrangements of'rovings, and by'difierent placement of the heel'or deck block of the outboard guytackle. The above shown and described embodiments are intended only to be illustrative of possible uses of my invention, and it will be appreciated that many changes and variations-can be made in the particular connections and tackle rigg-ings, to suit dliferent instances and conditions of use, without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention.

I claim:

1". A cargo-handling derrick apparatus comprising with a supporting structure such as a ship deck having an upstanding cargo mastwith a cargo boom swingably mounted at one end on the lower part of the mast for up and down swinging lifting movement of the outer endand for transverse swinging movement over. the ship deck and to positions with the outer end laterally extending beyond the deck, a hoist cable on said boom with a hoist end depending from the outer end of the boom and a hauling end extending to and available upon the deck, a cable pulley on the outer portion of the boom, a pair of cable pulleys on the upper part of the mast, a deck cable pulley connected on the deck; at a. location spaced outwardly laterally fromthe' lower part ofthe mast, a rigging cable connected with the outer end of theboom extending through said deckcablepulley and then through one of the pair of cable pulleys and through the cable pulley on the outer end of theboom. and, then back through the other cable pulley. of the pair. and then downwardly with ahauling end extending to and available upon the deck, and; aninboard control guy cable connected at one end to the outer end of the boom" and having a hauling; end extending to and available: upon the deck.

. 2. A cargo handling derrick apparatus forra ship having a cargomast-upstanding from the ship deckwith a cargo boom swingably-mounted at one end on the lower part of the mast .for'up and down swinging lifting movement ofrthe outer end and for transverse swinging movement: of the outer end over theship deck andto positions with said outer end laterally extendingv beyond the deck, a hoist cable on said boomrwithahoi'st end depending from the outierend: of the. boom .theouter part of .thelboom and then back through the: other. cable pulley of the pair on the; mast and: downwardly: along the mast with the haul.- ingendextending.totandavailable uponthedeck of the: ship, and an inboard control guy v cable connected at one endto. the outer portionof 1the boomandhaving a hauling end extending togand available upon the deck of the.ship..

3.5.A. cargo handling derrick apparatus for-a ship having a cargo mast upstanding'from, the ship deck with a cargo boom swingably. mounted at onefend on thelower part cf'the mast for up and down swinging lifting. movement of the-outer end and for transverse swinging movement of theouterend over. the ship deck and to positions with said outer end laterally extending be.- yond the deck, a hoist cable on said boom, with a hoist. end depending from the outer, end of the boom and a hauling end extending to and available upon the ship deck, a cable'pulley on the outer portion of the boom, a pair of cable pulleys on. the upper part of the mast, adeckcable pulley connected on the ship deck at a location spaced outwardly laterally from and forwardly with respectato the lower part of themast, arigging cable connected with the outer end of the boom extendingthrough said deck cable pulley and then through one of the pair of cable pulleys on the mast and through the cable pulley'o the outer part of the boom and then back through the other cable pulley of the pair on the. mast and. downwardly along the mast with the hauling end extending to and available upon the'deck. of the ship, an inboard control guy cable connected at one end to the outer portion of the boom. and having a hauling end extending to and available upon the deck of the ship, and plurality-of deck eyes located at various spacing with respect. to the lower part of. the mast for adjustable connection and positioning of the deckcablepulley.

4 A cargo. handling derrick apparatus. com.- prising with a supporting structure suchas a ship deck, having an upstanding cargo mastwith a cargo boom swingably mounted atone end on the lower part of the mast for up and down swinging lifting movement of the outer end. and

' for transverse.swinging'movement over the ship deckand to positions with the; outer end laterally extending beyond the deck, a hoist cable on said boonrwith ahoist end depending from the outer end of theqboom and. a hauling end extending to and available upon the deck, a cable pulley on the. outer portion. of the boom, a pair of cable pulleys on the upper. part of the mast, a, deck cable pulley connected on the deck at a location spaced outwardly laterally. from the lower part of the mast. a rigging cable connected with the outer end of the goom extending through said. deck cable pulley and then through one of the pair'of cable pulleys and through the cablepulley on the outer end of the boom and then back. through the other cable pulley of the pair and then down.- wardly with a hauling, end extending to and available uponthe deck, an inboard control. any

the cargo mast when not in use, and cradle 5 means carried by the upper part of the mast to receive the outer end of the boom in such raised position when not desired for use.

BURTON M. GREEN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

10 UNITED STATES PATENTS Name Date Green Sept. 14, 1869 Porter Nov. 25, 1902 Hayward Nov. 17,1903 Wilson May 20, 1913 FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date Great Britain Mar. 116, 1898

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