US2604356A - Spraying device for heat fusible material - Google Patents

Description

July 22, 1952 M. A. SANDORA 2,604,356

SPRAYING DEVICE FOR HEAT FUSIBLE MATERIAL Filed Aug. 11, 1947 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 N V EN TO R.

' \MA/VUEL A. sA/vooR-A FIG. I

ATTORNEY July 22, 1952 M. A. SANDORA SPRAYING DEVICE FOR HEAT FUSIBLE MATERIAL Filed Aug. 11, 1947 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 l N V E N TOR. MA NUEL A. SA NDORA ATTORN E Y July 22, 1952 M. A. SANDORA 2,504,356

SPRAYING DEVICE FOR HEAT FUSIBLE MATERIAL Filed Aug. 11, 1947 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR. MANUEL A. SANDORA ATTORNEY July 22, 1952 M. A. SANDORA 2,504,356 SPRAYING DEVICE FOR HEAT FUSIBLE MATERIAL Filed Aug. 11, 1947 4 Sheefs-Sheet 4 INVENT OR. MANUEL A. SANDORA ATTORNEY Patented July 22, 1952 OFFICE- SPRAYING DEVICE FOR HEAT FUSIBLE 1 M MATERIAL Manuel A. Sandor-a, San Francisco, Calif.

Application August ll, 1947, Serial No. 767,921

2 Claims.

This inventionrelates to a spraying device, and particularly to a device 'for spraying metal, glass, zinc, copper, brass, lead, plastics and the like in pulverized or dust form; for the coating of metal and like surfaces. i

An object of the invention is to provide a device for spraying a dust of the character mentioned in the presence of heat in such a manner that the heated dust particles are uniformly distributed over a surface to be coated and are fused upon the said surface at a substantially uniform thickness, and in which device the clogging of the device is obviated, and sensitive control is provided for the desired operations.

Another object of the invention is to provide a spraying gun or nozzle which is adjustable to various angles and which can be easily controlled in the various adjusted positions so as to feed the proper amount of. dust to a nozzle heated by proper flames for the coating operation.

Another object of the invention is to provide a device for spraying and coating, of the character described, in which a constant feed of the material in pulverized or dust form is assured without clogging, and with adjustable control both as to the flow of the dust or pulverized particles as Well as to the mixture of the heating medium at thenozzle.

A further object of the invention isto pro-- vide a spraying device of'the character-described, in which the fuel and oxygen or air feed is readily adjustable and is easily controlled by the operator, and in which the direction of the nozzle operation is readily adjustable to suitable angles, and in which the feeding of the pulverized coating medium to be blown through the nozzle is so regulated as to prevent clogging and failure of the device.

The essential features of the invention in:

volved in the carrying out of theobjects indi-v cated are susceptible to modification, but preferred embodiment of the invention'is shown in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a side view of the" device partlyin section showing the agitator as well as the spraying nozzle or gun;

Fig. 2 is an end view of the portion of the device; I

Fig. 3 is a sectional viewof the device, the section being taken on the lines 3-3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the control valves in the device, the section being taken on the lines 4-4 of Fig. 3;

gun and nozzle device of my invention;

Fig. 6 is a sectional view of the portion of the nozzle where the fuel and gas are mixed and drawn in as well as portion of the dust or powder conduit, the section being taken on the lines 5-8 of Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is a sectional view of the controlling device for the feeding of the powder or dust to the 102218, the section being taken on lines 'l--i of Fig. 5;

Fig. 3 is another sectional view of the nozzle portion of the device, the section being taken on the lines 88 of Fig. 6';

Fig. 9 is a partly sectional side view of the device wi h a modified form of nozzle tip;

Fig. 1c is a sectional view of said modified form, the section being taken on the lines I@'-!il of Fig. 9;

Fig. 11 is a sectional View of the modified form of the nozzle near the tip thereof, the section being taken on lines ll-H of Fig. 9;

Fig. 12 is a cross sectional View of the modified form of the nozzle structure;

Fig. 13 is a partly sectionalview of the agitator and pressure device for mixing and keeping the powderized particles and for blowing them into the conduit to the nozzle;

Fig. 14 is a perspective detail view of. the. air intake portion of said agitator and Fig. 15 is an end view at the air intake end of said agitator. i f

In its general organization, my invention includes a spray nozzle gene'rallydenoted by the reference numeral 4, a handle 2, adjustable con-. nection 3 between the nozzle and the handle, a valve control device 4 for the conductingoi,

the oxygen or air and gas to a nozzle, a dust flow control 6 to control the continuous flow of solid particles through the nozzle and an agitater and pressure feed device for the dust I for supplying the dust'under pressure to the nozzle. While reference is made herein to dust to be blown through the nozzle for coating operation,-

it is to be understood that the word .dust .as herein used includes the various types of comminuted or pulverized particles which are fusible under the heat for thecoating operation, which dust may be, according to'the purposes of the coating, glass, zinc, copper, brass, lead or other metal, or plastics of various types.

The nozzle I includes a body 8 which has a passage 9 therethrough. An end of the passage 9 is enlarged for locating a dust; conduit ll therein. In the present illustration the enlarged end I2 of the passage 9 is tapered outwardly toward the outlet end I3 of the body 8. Through this passage 9 is extended the tube II of smaller diameter than the diameter of the passage 9. Upon said tube is an externally threaded portion I4 aligned with the outlet end I3 of the body 8, next to which are provided a pair of collars I5 and I! spaced inwardly of the enlarged end I2, which collars are so tapered at the outer peripheries thereof as to fit into said tapering enlarged portion I2 of the passage 9 and to tightly engage said enlarged portion I2 in a predetermined position so that a gas intake I8 on said body 8 is positioned between the collars I6 and I1, and an air or oxygen intake I9 on said body 8 is positioned between the inner collar I? and the intake end of the tube 9. The intake end of the conduit II is extended beyond the intake end of the nozzle body-8 and to the outside thereof, is suitably packed and it is exteriorly threaded as shown at 2 I. On this threaded end 2| is provided a lock washer 22 and nut 28 which bear against the intake end of the nozzle body 8 for tightly drawing the collars I6 and I1 into the enlarged end I2 of the passage 9 and to hold the conduit I I in place.

Onto the externally threaded portion I4 of the conduit II is threaded a nozzle tip 24. The nozzle tip surrounds an outlet end 26 on the outlet stem 21 extended from the threaded portion I4 of the conduit II. Said stem 21 is smaller than the inner diameter of the nozzle tip 24, so as to allow the passage of the combustible mixture through the space around said stem 21. The outlet end 26 is knurled substantially axially so as to emit spaced jets of combustible mixture around the entire outer periphery of said outlet end 26 of the conduit at the nozzle tip. The inner end of the nozzle tip 24 is enlarged into an internally threaded head 28 which fits into the outlet end I3 of the nozzle body 8 and is threadedly engaged with the threaded portion I4 on said conduit I I. It is to be noted that an intake chest 29 is formed between the collars I6 andI'I spaced from the surrounding periphery of the enlarged portion I2 of the passage 9 in the nozzle body 8. This intake chest 29 has radial intake holes 3I circumferentially spaced around the same, which extend from the outerperiphery of said intake chest 23 into circumferentially spaced substantially axial holes 32, which latter in turn extend through the collar I1, the chest 29, the collar I6 and the threaded portion I4 so as to conduct air from the outside face of the collar I! to the space inside of the head of the nozzle tip 24. The passage of the air or oxygen under pressure through the axial holes 32 draws in fuel from the space around the chest 29 and carries the same in the proper mixture to the space between the nozzle tip 24 and the stem 21 and out through the passages formed by the knurls or corrugations at the knurled outlet end 26. When this mixture is ignited at the discharge end of the nozzle tip 24 it forms a flame under pressure surrounding the outlet end of the passage of the conduit II.

The conduit I I has a passage 33 therethrough, which passage tapers outwardly from about the portion corresponding to the locatio of the collar I1 toward the tip or end of the knurled end 26 as particularly shown in Fig. 6 so that by its expanding action facilitates the flow of the dust particles toward the outlet end 26. As the coating particles in the form of fine dust are blown through the passage 33 of the conduit I I and as they leave at the knurled end 26, they are heated '4 by the flames surrounding the knurled end 26 to a suitable temperature and are so regulated both in heat and consistency that they fuse and adhere evenly and uniformly upon the surface to be coated.

The handle 2 is a tubular handle through which are extended flexible tubes 34 and 36, to conduct gas and air or oxygen respectively to the intakes I8 and I 9, to which intakes they are suitably secured.

The adjustable connection between the nozzle I and the handle 2 in the present form is accomplished by a pair of parallel links 31 one on each side of the nozzle body 8. These links are preferably curved at their upper end 38 and are pivotally held on suitable shafts 39, and are releasably clamped onto said shafts 39 and said body 8 by knurled nuts 4| as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The lower ends of the respective links 38 are similarly pivoted on threaded shafts 42 extended from the opposite sides of the top of the handle 2 and are clamped in position by knurled nuts 43 as shown in said Figs. 1 and 2. Thus, the angle of the-nozzle relatively to the handle 2 can be ad-. justed by loosening the knurled nuts M and 43 and turning the nozzle body 8 to the desired angle relatively to said handle 2 and then fastening the links 38 in said adjusted position. The operator can hold the handle 2 in the convenient usual position, yet the nozzle I is directed at the desired angle to the surface to be coated.

The control for the gas and oxygen or air includes a valve body 44 fixed in the lower end of the handle 2. The valves in the valve body 44 are arranged and controlled so as to permit the adjustment of the mixture by the control of the intake of the proper amount of gas and oxygen into the respective tubes 34 and 36. Each of the valve structures in said valve body 44 includes a valve seat 46 which leads into a valve chamber 41 substantially parallel with a radius of the valve body 44. From the valve chamber 41 extends axially to the top of the valve body 44 a valve outlet passage 48. The respective tubes 34 and 36 are secured and connected to the upper ends of the respective valve passages 48. It is to be noted that the valve seats 46 and their chamber 4'! and outlet passages 48 are parallel and are spaced from one another so that the valves 49 seating on the respective valve seats 46 extend substantially parallel with the same radius-to the same side of the body 44. Valve stems 5! extend from the respective valves 43, each through a bore 52. The bores 52 guide the respective valves 49 in their opening and closing movement. The outer end 53 of each bore 52 is threaded so as to receive therein a packing gland or nut 54, which packing gland or nut 54 has a recess 56 therein to accommodate a coil spring 51 which surrounds the stem 5I and bears at one end against the bottom of the recess 56 and the other end against the valve 49 to normally urge the valve 48 against the valve seat 46 to closed position. An intake port 58 extends from the lower or outer face of the valve body 44 axially to each valve body 44 and offset from the valve seat 46 so as to communicate with the valve chamber 41 when the valve 49 is pulled away from the seat 46. The intake ports 58 are opened in accordance with the extent to which the valves 49 are pulled away from the valve seat 46. The outer end of each valve stem 5I is threaded and upon each threaded stem end 59 is an adjustable abutment nut 6I.

The control of the valves in the valve body 44 5 is accomplished by a device that can be conveniently handled by squeezing on the handle 2. A hand lever 82 is pivoted on a pivot 63 near the upper end of the handle 2 and then extends downwardly. The free end of the hand lever :32 overlaps an arm 64 of a bell crank lever which is pivoted at an intermediate point thereof on pivot near the lower end of the handle 2. The lower arm El of the bell crank lever is widened ihto a double yoke as shown in Fig. 2 so that the openings 68 between the forks of the double yoke straddle the valve stems 5| and abut against the inside faces of the respective abutment nuts 61. Thus, when the hand lever 62 is pressed toward the handle 2 it moves the upper arm E i of the bell crank toward said handle 2 and thereby forces the lower yoke arm 61 of said bell crank outwardly, vhich latter in turn engages the abutment nuts 6! and pushes the same outwardly so as to pull the valve stems 5| outwardly from the valve body 44 and thereby unseats the valves 49 from the valve seats 45 and opens communications through said valves. Suitable conduits til, preferably of the flexible, type, are connected to the intake ports 58 in the valve body i l to conduct oxygen and gas to the respective intake ports 58.

The adjustment of the mixture is accomplished by adjusting the positions of the abutment nuts ti on the respective valve stems 5 I. For instance, if equal amounts of gas and oxygen are required for the mixture, then the position is as shown Fig. 3, namely the spacing of the abutment nuts ti is the same from the valve seats 45 and both are simultaneously engaged by the yoke arm 6? of the bell crank. If less gas is needed for the mixture, then the abutment nut 6! on the valve lid on the valve controlling the gas is unscrewed to space it away from the lower yoke arm fill of said bell crank, thus the other valve controlling the air is first opened before the abutment not a: on the gas control valve is engaged an before the opening of the gas valve com- Thus the opening of the gas valve'will be relatively smaller than the opening of the of the lower end 61 of said bell crank, by selec- I tively pressing the hand lever 62 for the desired feet.

In order to prevent the clogging of the nozzle by the dust particles, and to accomplish a unifo m forced feeding of the same through said zle, provide a dust fiow control-fi at the .ke end of the nozzle conduit l I. A valve body ii is threaded upon the threaded end 2! of the nozzle conduit H so that theoutlet port of said valve body H is communicated with the conduit 5 i axially. A chamber 13 is formed in said valve body ii so that it discharges substantially tangentially into said outlet or feeding port 12. Substantially at right angles to the axis of the feeding or outlet port Hand on the other sideof the chamber 13 is an intake port 74 also tangential to said chamber 13. The chamber 13 is substantially cylindrical and its axis is at right angles to the axis of the nozzle conduit II and offset to one side of the same. Through the axis .The amount of mixture '6. of the chamber 13 extends a shaft 16 from which latter extend radial blades l7. Each blade tapers axially outwardly so that its face rotating toward the intake port 14 is inclined at an angle with respect to the direction of the inflow between the blades, and the other face of the blade fl is substantially at right angles to the axis. As the dust is forced under pressure through the intake port l4 it impinges upon the respective blades 16 and rotates them at a comparatively high rate of speed, and ejects the dust particles into the outlet port H and through the conduit H. In this manner the flow is conducted in uniformly equal quantities as determined by the spacing between the blades H and by'foroe of the pressure. This prevents the jamming or clogging at the feeding end or in the conduit H.

The flow to the intake port it is controlled by a suitable valve, such as by a cook valve 13 which is rotatable in a transverse cylindrical valve seat 19 in the valve body H outside of the intake port 14. This valve is controlled by a suitable handle ti for turning the cock valve '38 so that its valve passage 82 is aligned with the port it to a selected opening. The intake outside of said cock valve seat 18 is suitably provided with a flexible feed conduit 84 to conduct the dust under pressure to said valve body H.

Thus in operation the operator first adjusts the nuts 61 to the required mixture, and then depresses the hand lever 62 toward the handle 2 and the oxygen flowing through the hole 32 draws in the required gas through the holes 3| and the mixture flows through the space between the stem 2? of the'conduit H and the nozzle tip 24 and out through the passages around the knurled end 25 in jets surrounding that end of the conduit. The operator ignites this mixture and heats up the nozzle to the required temperature. The operator then adjusts the nozzle to the required angle with respect to the work and then, by turning the valve handle SI of the cock valve 58, feeds the dust under pressure through the impeller heretofore described into and through the conduit ll, stem 2'! and out atthe knurled end where the dust particles are subjected to the surrounding flame and are properly conditioned to adhere to the surface of the work. The nozzle is also preheated by said flame so that the conduit itself is slightly heated and thereby the dust particles are suitably conditioned for action under the heat and for fusing upon the work with rapidity as required. The distribution of the dust and the flame all around results in a uniform fusing of the particles at the proper moment to achieve the proper coating of the work surface.

The agitator and pressure feed device I includes a housing 86 which is enclosed all around excepting at the end 81 thereof. On the bottom of this housing 86 is provided a jacket 83 which latter functions as a pressure chamber of compressed air. One end ofthis pressure chamber 88 is provided with an intake for a pressure line 39 through which compressed air is introduced r into the chamber Bil. The open end 87 of the casing 86 is covered by a cap 95 which is suitably secured in place on said end 27. Diametrically across the inside of said cap 9! is provided a distributing head 92 out of which extend a pair of spaced nozzles 93 and 94. The nozzle as extends at about axially with respect to the cap 9! on the casing 86 and is in the form of a conduit tapering toward its point. On the periphery, preferably on the surface or side of said tubular nozzle 93 are a plurality of staggered and spaced nozzle orifices 96 through which the air under pressure is discharged in several forceful streams. The lower nozzle 94 is a comparatively wide and flat conduit which has on its upper face a plurality of elongated and staggered nozzle orifices 97 directed substantially toward the other nozzle 93. Both nozzles 93 and 94 communicate with the distributing head 92 so as to receive compressed air therefrom and discharge the air through said orifices 96 and 91 in staggered and overlapping streams of air creating a continuous whirl and agitation in the housing 86 and thereby maintaining the dust therein in a pulverized, loose mass and thoroughly intermixed with the air under pressure. Conduits 98 connect the outlet'end of the jacket 88 to the distributing head 92 in the cap 9|. A suitable valve 99 regulates the flow of the compressed medium through the conduits 98. While the dust may be fed automatically into the housing 86 for continuous operation in a larger unit, in the present illustration a light portable unit is shown wherein an inlet IN is provided at about the middle of the top of the casing 86, which inlet is suitably covered by a removable plug I02 so as to permit the introducing of the dust into the housing 86 from time to time as required. Near the closed end of the housing 86 and at the top thereof is an outlet I03 to which is connected the flexible conduit 84 leading to the intake 83 of the valve body (I on the spraying nozzle heretofore described.

The dust introduced through the intake IOI into the housing 86 is agitated and prevented from clogging or caking by the force of the compressed air jets issuing in overlapping staggered relation on parallel levels from the orifices 96 and 91 of the nozzles 93 and 94. The dust so intermixed with the air under pressure is forced through the conduit 84 to the valve body 'II wherein, controlled by the cock valve 79, it is passed by the impeller I6 to the feed conduit I I and then through the stem 27 of said feed conduit out at the knurled end 26 of said nozzle conduit in the middle of the fusing flame jets surrounding said nozzle tip so as to be heated to a fusing point thereby and be sprayed upon the object to be coated.

A modified form of the nozzle tip structure is shown in Figs. 9 to 12 inclusive. In this form the discharge opening of the nozzle tip is shaped so as to flare or spread both the flames and the spraying of the dust. This tip may be made in suitable shapes for various types of spraying. In this form the discharge end of the nozzle tip I04 has on it a discharge end I06 formed in the shape of a flat funnel tapering outwardly and transversely of the nozzle tip I04 but having parallel flat sides I01. This results in a substantially oblong discharge opening I08. Into this funnel I06 fits a knurled discharge tip I99 conforming in the outer contour substantially to the tapering inner surface of the funnel I08. This discharge tip I 09 is hollow and has a dust discharge slit III, which, in the present illustration, has substantially cylindrical passages at its ends and in the middle with reduced straight slits connecting said passages. In the narrow end of the discharge tip I07 is threaded the forward end of a conduit stem I I2 so as to conduct the dust into said discharge tip I09. The inner end II3 of the conduit stem H2 is threaded into the end of the conduit I I. The passages between the knurls IN on the discharge tip I09 determine the jets of flame in the oblong shape of the opening I08 so as to be in suitable proximity to the dust particles blown out through the discharge slit I II of the tip I09. The resulting spray will be an outwardly flaring flat stream of heated particles to be fused upon the surface to be coated.

I claim:

1. In a spraying device of the character described, a nozzle body, means to discharge dust through said nozzle body, means to conduct a mixture of combustible medium through said nozzle body and around said dust discharge for heating the dust at approximately the point of discharge, a handle having a base, said base having passages therethrough, flexible conduits connected at one set of ends to the base in communication with the passages and at the other set of ends to the nozzle body and adapted to carry the components of the combustible medium to said nozzle body, adjustment means to connect said nozzle body to said handle and to hold said nozzle body at selected angular adjustment With respect to one another, and valve means for controlling flow of combustible medium through said passages.

2. In a spraying device of the character described, a nozzle body, means to discharge dust through said nozzle body, means to conduct a mixture of combustible medium through said nozzle body and around said dust discharge for heating the dust at approximately the point of discharge, a handle having a base, said base having passages therethrough, flexible conduits connected at one set of ends to the base in communication with the passages and at the other set of ends to the nozzle body and adapted to carry the components of the combustible medium to said nozzle body, adjustment means to connect said nozzle body to said handle and to hold said nozzle body at selected angular adjustment with respect to one another, means at the other set of ends of the passages to connect supply conduits to said handle, and valve means for controlling the flow of combustible medium through said passages.

MANUEL A. SANDORA.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the flle of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS

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