US2515932A - Wall switch operator - Google Patents

Description

July 18, 1950 R. A. STANG ETAL 2,515,932

WALL SWITCH OPERATOR Filed May 26, 1945 JACOB L. HECTOR.

I, 5 36 %.2. 3 3 BY ,ROBERT AST/I/VG.

A TTORNEK Patented July 18, 1950 WALL SWITCH OPERATOR Robert A. Stang, Asbury Park, and Jacob I l. Rector, Belmar, N. J.

Application May 26, 1945, Serial N0. 596,052

19 Claims. 1

Thi invention relates to a wall switch.

Among the types of wallswitches presently used, as, for instance, the one which utilizes a toggle, substantially all require a box or housing to be embedded in the wall with which the switch is to be associated. A separate unit, which includes an actuator such as a toggle, is .then clamped to the housing, the actuator extending therefrom. Finally, a plate is secured to the housing to cover the opening in the wall, and yet leave the actuator accessible for manipulation. Such a plate functions only as an escutcheon. In most cases, such plate introduces a note of discord into the'ornamentation or decoration of a wall. Resort has been had to many difierent makeshifts in order to conceal the location of the switch upon thewall. In all cases, the location of the switch actuator in the dark remains a problem. It is an object of the invention to provide a substantially unitary switch structure for positioning at an opening in a wa11,'which, when fixed in that position, serves to present the design of the wall ornamentation without'fsubstantial break.

It is an objectof the invention to provide a wall switch of thetype indicated, wherein the actu ator for theswitch may be incorporated insuch manner as to appear as a part of [a plate which functions also asa'cover for the opening in the wall at which the switch is to be located. Such actuator and the plate may, in fact, have substan tially the same appearance. Thus, the plate and the actuator do not, to any marked degree, vary the design of the wall with relation to which the switch is disposed.

It is an object of the invention to provide a switch structure, the body portion of which is of small dimensions, and is bodily carried upon a plate which serves to cover the wall opening, whereby plate and switch are held in position as a unit upon the, wall.

It is an object of the invention to provide a wall switch of the type indicated, in which the actuator takes the form of a member capable of easy actuation, and having but very slight movement. 1

It is an object of the invention to provide a switch of the type indicated, in which a member having the operation of a teeterserves to control actuation, while a plate associated with the teeter and the teeter itself are both of material which may be translucent even to the point of being transparent, and wherein an illuminating device,

which is energized automatically when the switch assumes a circuit-breaking position with relation to the circuit controlled thereby, acts as a tell-tale for the switch in the dark, or as a signal for the condition of the device on all occasions. 7

It is an object of the invention to provide a switch having an actuator which itself is so illuminated, when the switch is in circuit-breaking position, that it will provide a proper guide for engagement thereof in order that it may be actuated to circuit-making position, whereupon the illumination for the actuator is cut off.

Other objects of the invention will be set forth hereinafter, or will be apparent from the description and the drawings, in which is illustrated an embodiment exemplifying the invention. On the drawings, in which the same reference characters refer to the same parts throughout, and in which is disclosed such a construction,

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a device embody":

ing features of the invention, showing the portion of a wall switch which would extend into a housing or box in the wall;

Fig. 2 is an elevational view, illustrating the arrangement of the switch, such as shown in Fig. 1, in association with the wall, the box being shown by dot-and-dash lines, the wall being shown in phantom, and the plate and bar being shown in cross-section;

Fig. 3 is a front elevational view of the device of Fig. 1, shown assembled with the wall, the we being broken away;

" Fig. 4; is a diagrammatic view, illustrating a.

circuit governed by, a switch, such as shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a detail vertical sectional View, illus-- trating the structure of an illuminating device for signaling purposes, the illuminating device itself being shown in elevation; 1

Fig. 6 is a vertical sectional view of a microswitch capable of utilization in association with a device, such as shown in Fig. 1, parts of the switch being shown in elevation; and

Fig. '7 is a detail plan view, to reduced scale, of

the device, as shown in Fig. 2,the box and the I2 is formed of sufficient dimensions to receive the body It of a circuit-making-and-breaking device.

Device 22 includes a plate 24 of material which, for certain purposes, may be translucent, or, for some other purposes, may even be transparent. Openings 26 may be provided in the plate, for securing means, such as screws 28, to anchor plate 24 to a box 30.

Secured to rear face 32 of plate 24, and immediately, behind. a 'bar 34 at thefront face 36 of plate 24 4s leg '38 of an L-shaped bracket 40. Leg 38 may be secured to plate 24 by any suitable means. In the instance shown, leg 38 is bifurcated to provide a space 42. Screws 44, extending through holes 46 countersunk in a recess 48 in face 36, with washers 50 between leg 38.and face 32, hold leg 38 against face 32 and inline with bar 34.

On leg 52 of bracket 40, a housing 54 of-a micro-- switch 56 is secured. For this purpose, through screws 58 may be extended through housing 54' and are engaged in leg 52. Conductors. I4 and :56 are led to terminals 60 and 62. of microswitch In. this connection, it is to be noted that any suitable type of circuit-making-and breaking device may be utilized, but a switchof the type commonly known as a microswitch, one type of which is illustrated in Letters Patent No. l,960,- 020, has been found most suitable for the purposes herein set forth. These microswitches, and especially the microswitch 56 shown on the drawings, are of small body, and contain circuitmaking and-br'eaking members of a two-position switch. The members tend to a normal position under resilient action; an actuator extends from the housing, to provide means for moving the members to the opposite position; the design is such that but minute movement is requiredfor these actuations.

One type of switch 56 is shown schematically in Fig. 6. In this case,.housing' 54, preferably of molded plastic, insulating material, has a platform' 64 upon which is secured a contact 66 by a post 68 which extends through the housing to the outside, where terminal 62 is secured; At another platform I0, a spring I2 is securedby another post '54 which also extends to the exterior of the housing to receive terminal 60'. Between platforms 64 and I0 is a depression 16 across which spring 12 bridges. Spring I2 is more specifically described in said'microswitch Letters Patent. Its-purpose is to cause almost instantaneous separation of contact 66 and a contact I8 at the end of the spring. when a slight pressure is applied to the spring by a button 80. This. button, preferably of a plastic material, may have a metallic spindle 82 extending through an opening 84 in a cover plate 86, of insulating material, fixed in position, by a pin 88 engaged throughplate 85 and the side walls 90 of the body, to cover the mouth ofhousing 54.

By theassembly indicated, spindle 82- projects from plate 86 into position to be engaged by an arm 82' of a rocker .94. Rocker 94 is pivotally mounted upon a pin 96, and, by means of a collar 98, is retained spaced away from leg 52. A flat washer 89 and a leaf spring I00 are caught beneath the head I02 of pin 96 .to maintain rocker 94 frictionally engaged against collar 98. In. this manner, the rocker will remain in any position to which bar 34. moves it. The actionof spring I2v is too weak, at spindle 82, to cause. any change in the position of the rocker; yet the. spring will cause'contacts 66 and I8. to respond'insta'nt'ane? ously to any change in position of the rocken,

To comply with underwriters specifications, 'a

4 metallic box 30 usually is positioned in the wall recess I04 at opening I2. Such box, either through conduits I06 which lead up to it, or in any other desired manner, is grounded, to reduce or eliminate dangers arising from improper or defective electrical connections. By reason of the small dimensions of body I8, box 30, and opening I2 and recess I-04 to receive it, need be of very small dimensions, just sufficient to receive the body.

A slot I08 ma be formed substantially on the center-line of plate 24. Through slot I08 and between the bifurcations of leg 38 extends arm IIO. of rocker 94. Rocker 94 may be produced as a-stamping from sheet metal; thus arm IIO will be of small thickness. Also, it may take the form of a pair of prongs IIZ. Bar 34, of material similar to plate 24, has a slotted recess II3 formed therein. Bar 34 is positioned in front of face 36 so that prongs II2, passing through. slot I63, may be pressed into and be held'in'recess I I3. In this manner, bar, 34 and arm I I0 are assembled to control the position of rocker 94; yet bar 34 and arm I I0 may be forced apart bysimple'pressure.

Plate 24 may be formed with a recess 48; bar 34.then nests into recess 48. Bar 34 and recess 48 may be dimensioned so that, if desired, the outside face II4 of bar 34 may be substantially flush with face 36. Bar 34 may be made thicker than the depth of the recess so that face H4 will be slightly forward from face 36. In either case, bar 34 is not fitted flat against bottom II'6 of recess 48, in order that the bar may teeter to control rocker 94.

As shown in Fig;v 2, the amount of teeter is small. When the bar is rocked to bring one end of bar 34 against bottom II6, the other end of the bar willbe spaced. but a very small distance from bottom II6. If the latter end of the bar will. now be touched, and pushed towards bottom II6, the bar teeters and: moves rocker 94. Thus, but small. movement of bar 34 will cause arm 92 to move,.and counteract the spring action within housing 54, by moving spindle 82' through opening 84. The result is that contacts 66and 18' are actuated to either open or closed position in accordance'with the position of the rocker. The bottom of the recess is the limit of movement for both endsof the bar.

. Carried upon an arm IIB extending from leg '52,,is a spring retainer I20. An illuminating device I22, as, for instance, a small neon tube, may be slipped between jaws I24 of retainer I20. The tube is covered with a sheath I25, to insulate'the tube el'ectri'cally'from retainer I20, and also to prevent the diffusion of light rays from the tube except atan open end I29 of the sheath, in the direction of plate. 24. Conductors from terminals 60' and 62 are connected. to device I22. Device I22 may be a filament lighting bulb or a neon tube. In either case, a resistance I29 may be connected in series: with one of these conductors. As shown in Fig. 4', the connections are such that; on closing contacts 66 and I8 of microswitch 56 to complete the circuit, device I22 is shortcircuited, and thuswill not be energized. When, however, contacts 66 and I0 are separated, by movement of bar 34, the entire voltage of the circuit is applied only to device I22, which now is in series circuit only, with a device I30, suchas a ceiling light, controlled by the switch, and device l22 thereby isenergized. But very little current passes device I22, so device I30 is not energized. The light from device I22 is projected through asraosa plate 24 and bar 34. Where plate 24 and bar 34 are not sufiiciently translucent, openings I32 and I34 may be formed in bar 34 and plate 24, so that a pinpoint of light will be apparent when contacts 66 and I8 are in circuit-breaking position.

' Thus, when bar 34has been moved, for instance, to push button 80 to move contacts 66 and I8 apart, device I22 will be energized, and a pinpoint of light will be apparent through openings I32 and I34. In a dark room, it would be possible easily to determine the location of the switch. The operator need merely direct his hand at the pinpoint of light, in order to close the circuit. The device I22 and openings I32 and I34 are located at the end of bar 34 to be engaged to move rocker 94 to circuit-making position. When the operator strikes this pinpoint of light, rocker 94 operates so that button 80 moves, and contacts 66 and I8 close the circuit. Immediately that the circuit is closed, device 1122 is de-energized. On either operation, but a slight degree of pressure against bar 34 will be required to cause movement of the switch to the desired on or off position.

In such case where device I30, controlled by microswitchifi, is inoperative, as, for instance, when the filament of the ceilinglight is burned out, illuminating device I22 also will be de-energized, as the filament or similar conductor of device l30 is a requisite for the circuit to energize device I22. Thus, if device I22 is not burning, and device I30 is seen to be inoperative, no further test is necessary to determine that either device I22 or device I30, or both, are out of order, or, in the case of filaments of, lamps, are broken,

Since all the parts of the switch are carried from a plate 24 and are actuated by a bar 34 which may be of plastic, insulating material, and since all the operating parts of switch 56 are contained in housing 54 and guardedby cover plate I6 which likewise are of insulating material, the danger from electrical shock is substantially eliminated.

As shown, bracket t and housing 54 required for switch 56 are very much smaller than the conventional plate 24. As a matter of fact, the entire width of bracket 40 and housing 54 is just about that of bar 34. It is apparent that, with the translucent nature of plate 24 and bar 34, substantially the entire design on wall I0 behind plate 24 may be made apparent. If it is not desired to disclose bracket 40 and the apparatus carried by it, an opaque paint may be applied to barj34. In such case, openings I32 and I34 are essential for disclosing the pinpoint of light. At the same time, suitable ornamentation may be applied to the back of plate 24, and such ornamentation may be in accord with the general ornamentation pattern of the room.

Many other changes could be effected in the particular constructions, and in themethods of use and construction, and in specific details thereof, hereinbefore set forth, without substantially departing from the invention defined in the claims, the specific description being merely of an embodiment capable of illustratingcertain principles of the invention.

What is claimed as new anduseful is:

1. A unitary switch structure comprising a plate for association at an opening, a support carried by and extending from the plate, a switch casing carried by the support, the plate having an opening therethrough, a rocking member carried upon the support, a teeter bar positioned on the side of the plate opposite the support, means extending through the plate opening for coupling the teeter bar to the rocking member, a. switch actuating button extending towards the plate from the casing, the rocking member extending into juxtaposition to the button, means tending to maintain the button normally projected from the casing into contact with the rocking member, and means to retain the teeter bar and the rock.- ing member against movement out of an adjusted position.

2. A unitary switch structure comprising a plate for association at an opening, a support carried by and extending from the plate, the plate having an opening therethrough, a rocking member carried upon the support, a teeter bar on one side of the plate, means extending through the plate opening for releasably coupling the teeter bar and the rocking member for movement together, a switch of the microswitch type associated with the support, the switch including a projecting pin and means for propelling the pin to a predetermined projected position, the rocking member extending into juxtaposition to the projecting pin, the propelling means tending to maintain the pin normally projected from the casing and in contact with the rockin memher, and means to retain the teeter bar and the arm against movement out of an adjusted posi tion.

3. A switch for mounting upon a wall, the switch including a plate, a bracket carried by the plate and extending rearwardly therefrom, the plate having an opening therethrough, a substantially L-shaped member pivoted upon the bracket and having an arm extending through the opening, a teeter positioned in front of the plate and carried by the arm for slight rocking movement with relation to the plate, and a circuit-making-and-breaking device carried by the bracket, the device including a pin end extended from the device, and means for maintaining the pin projecting normally from the device, the. L- shaped member having an arm in position to en gage the extended pin end, the teeter and the L-shaped member providing means for moving the pin into the device against the action of the maintaining means and for releasing the pin to move under the action of the maintaining means, and means for retaining the L -shaped member in the positions to which it is moved by actuationof the teeter. v

l. A wall switch consisting of a plate for association at an opening in a wall, a bracket positioned at the rear of the plate, the plate having an opening therethrough, an arm movably carried upon the bracket and having an end extending through the plate opening, a teeter bar carried on the extending end, on the side of the plate away from the bracket and concealing the opening in the plate, a block carried by the bracket and spaced from the plate, the block housing electric circuit controlling means including a button extending fromthe block towards the plate, the arm having an end positioned immediately adjacent the button, means tending to maintain the button normally projected from the block and into contact with the arm end, and means to retain the teeter bar and the. arm against movement out of an adjusted position.

5. A wall switch consisting of a plate for association at an opening in a Wall, a bracket posi tioned at the rear of the plate, the plate having an opening therethrough, an arm pivoted upon the bracket and having an end extending through the plate opening, a teeter bar carried on the extending end, on the side of the plate away from 7 bracket and concealing; the opening, in the plate, ablock. carried by the bracket and spaced from the. plate, theblock housing electric circuit controlling means including a. button extending from the: block towards the plate, the armhavin an end positionedimmediately adjacent the button, means tending to maintain the button normally: projected from the block and, into contact with the arm end, and means to retain the teeteii bar' and the arm against movement out of ail-adjusted position.

6. A wall. switch consisting of a plate for association at an opening in a Wall, a bracket positioned. at. the rear of the plate, the bracket ineluding. a narrow leg for engagement with the rear face. of the plate, the, plate having an open,- ingzthe'rethrough, an arm movably carried upon the bracketv and havingan end extending through the plate opening, a teeter bar carried on the extending end in front of the plate, a block carried by: the" bracket and spaced from the plate, the block housing electric-circuit-controlling means including a button extending from the block towards the plate, the arm having an end: positioned immediately adjacent the button, means tending to maintain the button normally projected' from the casing and into contact with the arm end, and means to retain the teeter bar. and the arm against movement out of an adjusted position.

7. A wall switch comprising a plate for association at an opening in a wall, the plate being of substantially translucent material, a bracket including a narrow leg, the leg being secured to the rear face of the plate, the bracket extending rearwardly from the leg, the plate having an opening therethrough, a rock. arm supported for rocking movement upon the bracket and having an end projecting through the plate opening, a bar positioned in front of the plate and retained upon the projecting end, ablock carried by the bracket and-spaced rearwardly from plate, the block housing electric-circuit-controlling means including a button extending from the block towards the plate, the rock arm having an end for engaging the button, means tending to maintain the button projecting normally from the block and into contact with the arm end, and means to retain the arm against movement out of an'adjusted position.

8. A wall switch comprising a plate for association at an opening in a wall, the plate being of substantially translucent material, a bracket including a narrow leg, the leg being secured to the rear face of the plate, the bracket extending rearward'ly from the leg, the plate having an opening therethrough, a rock arm supported upon the bracket for rocking movement and having an end projecting through the plate opening, a bar of substantially translucent material, the bar being positioned in front of the plate and being retained upon the projecting end, a block carried by the bracket and spaced rearwardly from plate, the block housing electric-circuitcontrolling means including a button extending from the block towards the plate, the rock arm having an end for engaging the button, means tending to maintain the button projecting normally from. the block and into contact with the arm end, and means to retain the arm. againsl movement out of an adjusted position.

9. A wall switch comprising a plate for association at an opening in a wall, a wall carried by and extending rearwardly from the plate, the

platehaving arropening-therethrough, a rock arm supported upon the. rearwardly extending: wall for-rocking movement, the rock arm having an end projecting through the plate. opening, .av bar positioned in front of the. plate and retained upon the projecting end, a housing spaced from the plate and carried: by the rearwardly extending wall, the housing having electric-circuit-controlling means including a button. extending from the housing towards the plate, the rock arm having an end for engaging the button, means tending to maintain the button projecting normally from the housing and into contactwith the arm end, and means to retain the arm against movement out of an adjusted position.

10; A wall switch comprising a plate for association at an opening in a wall, a wall carried by and extending rearwardly from the plate a housing spaced from the plate and carried by the rearwardly extending wall, the plate having an opening therethrough, a rock, arm positioned be tween the plate and the housing and having an end projecting through the plate opening, a bar positioned in front of the plate and retained upon the projecting end, the housing having electricci'rcuit-controlling means including a button extending from the housing towards the plate, the rock arm having an end for engaging the button, means tending to maintain the button projecting normally from the housing and into contact with the arm, end, andmeans to retain the arm against movement out of an adjusted position.

11. A wall switch comprising a plate for association at an opening in a wall, a housing held in fixed relation to and spaced from the plate, the plate having an opening therethrough, a rock arm supported for rocking movement between the plate and the housing and having an end projecting through the plate opening, a bar positioned in front of the plate and retained upon the projecting end, the housing having electriccircuit-controlling means including a button extending from the housing towards the plate, the rock arm having an end for engaging the button, means tending to maintain the button projecting normally from the housing and into contact with the arm end, and means to retain the arm against movement out of an adjusted position.

12. A Wall switch for association with an open,- ing in a partition wall, the switch including a plate for covering the opening, the plate being of substantially translucent material, a bracket including a narrow leg, the leg being secured to the rear face of the plate and the bracket extending rearwardly from the leg, the plate having an opening therethrough, a rock arm supported for rocking movement upon the bracket, the rock arm having an end projecting through the plate opening, a bar of substantially the same width as the bracket leg and of substantially translucent material, the bar being positioned in front of the the plate and retained upon the prolooting end, a housing spaced from the plate and carried by the bracket, the housing having electric-circuit-controlling means including a button extending from the housing towards the plate, the rock arm having an end for engaging the button, means tending to maintain the button projecting normally from the housing and intocontact with the arm end, and means to retain the arm against movement out of an adjusted position.

13. A wall switch for association with an opening in a partition wall, the switch including; a

plate for covering the opening, a bracket including a narrow leg, the leg being secured to the rear face of the plate and the bracket extending rearwardly from theleg, the plate having an opening therethrough, a rock arm sup port edfor rocking movement upon the bracket, the rockarm having an end projecting through the plate opening, abar of substantially the same width as the bracket leg, the bar being positioned in front of the plate and retained upon the projecting end, a housing spaced from the plate and carried by the bracket, the housing having electric-circuit-controlling means including a button extending from the housing towards the plate, the rock arm having an end for engaging the button, means tending to maintain the button projecting normally from the housing and into contact with the arm end, and means to retain the arm against movement out of an adjusted position.

14. A wall switch for association with an opening in a partition wall, the switch including a plate for covering the opening, a housing held in fixed relation to and spaced from the plate,

the plate having an opening therethrough, a rock arm positioned between the plate and the housing, the rock arm having an end projecting through the plate opening, a bar positioned in front of the plate and retained upon the projecting end, the housing having electric-circuitcontrolling means including a button extending from the housing towards the plate, the rock arm having an end for engaging the button, means tending to maintain the button projecting normally from the housing and into contact with the arm end, and means to retain the arm against movement out of an adjusted position.

15. A wall switch for association with an opening in a partition wall, the switch including a plate for covering the opening, a housing held in fixed relation to and spaced from the plate, the plate having a slot therethrough, a rock arm positioned between the plate and the housing and pivotally supported for rocking movement, the rock arm having an end projecting through the plate opening, a bar positioned in front of the plate and retained upon the projecting end, the housing having electric-circuit-controlling means including a button extending from the housing towards the plate, the rock arm having an end for engaging the button, means tending to maintain the button projecting normally from the housing and into contact with. the arm end. and means to retain the arm against movement out of an adjusted position.

16. A wall switch for association with an onening in a partition wall, the switch including a plate for covering the opening, a housing held in fixed relation to and spaced from the plate, the plate havin a slot therethrou h, a rock arm positioned between the plate and the housing and pivota lv supported for rocking movement. the rock arm having an end projecting through the plate opening. a bar positioned in front of the plate and retained upon and concealing the projecting end and the opening. the housing having electriccircuit-controlling means, the rock arm compris ing means for actuating the circuit-controlling means, and. means to retain the arm against movement out of an adjusted position.

17. A wall switch for association with an opening in a partition wall, the switch including a plate for covering the opening, a housing held in fixed relation to and spaced from the plate, the plate having a slot therethrough, a rock arm 10 positioned between the plate and the housing and pivotally-supported for rocking movement, the rock arm having an end projecting through the plate opening, a bar positioned in front of of the plate and retained upon the projecting end, the housing having electric-circuit-controlling *means,the rock arm comprising means for actuating the circuit-controlling'means, means to retain the arm against movement out of an adjusted position, the plate and the bar being of substantially translucent material, illuminating means positioned immediately behind the plate in alignment with the position of the bar, and means connecting the illuminating means wtih circuitcontrolling means to energize the illuminating means when the circuit-controlling means is breaking the circuit controlled thereby.

18. A wall switch for association with an opening in a partition wall, the switch including a plate for covering the opening, a housing held in fixed relation to and spaced from the plate, the plate having a slot therethrough, a rock arm positioned between the plate and the housing and pivotally supported for rocking movement, the rock arm having an end projecting through the plate opening, a bar positioned in front of the plate and retained upon the projecting end, the housing having electric-circuit-controlling means including circuit-making-and-breaking members, the rock arm comprising means for actuating the circuit-controlling means, means to retain the arm against movement out Of an adjusted position, the plate and the bar being of substantially translucent material, illuminating means positioned immediately behind the plate in alignment with the position of the bar, and means connecting the illuminating means across the circuit-making-and-breaking members so that the illuminating means will be shcrt-circuited when the members are completing their circuit and will be in circuit when the members are breaking the circuit controlled thereby.

19. A wall switch for association with an opening in a partition wall, the switch including a plate for covering the opening, a. housing held in fixed relation to and spaced from the plate, the plate having a slot therethrough, a rock arm positioned between the plate and the housing and pivotally supported for rocking movement, the rock arm having an end projecting through the plate opening, a bar positioned in front of the plate and retained upon the projecting end, the housing having electric-circuit-controlling means including circuit-making-and-breaking members, the rock arm comprising means for actuating the circuit-controlling means, means to retain the arm against movement out of an adjusted position, the plate and the bar being of substantially translucent material, illuminating means positioned immediately behind the plate in alignment with the position of the bar and behind the portion of the bar to be pushed for actuating the rock arm to make the members complete their circuit, and means connecting the illuminating means across the circuitmaking-and-breaking members so that the illuminating means will be short-circuited when the members are completing their circuit and will be in circuit when the members are breaking the circuit controlled thereby.

ROBERT A, STANG. JACOB L. RECTOR.

(References on following page) 1 12 REFERENCES CITED Number Name Date The fo'llowin references are of record in th 29111311 Gaynor 131 1935 file of Cthis pamgent; e 2,015,698 Tifiany Oct. 1, 1935 2,082,448 Guinosso June 1, 1937 v UNITED STATES PATENTS 5 2,134,696 :Bigman Nov. 1, 1938 Number Name Date 2,196,501 Kehm Apr. 9, 1940 1,050,740 Knowlton Jan. 14, 1913 2,281,808 Smiley May 5, 1942 1,423,306 Catlin July 18, .1922 2,289,108 Eaton July 7, 1942

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