US2222454A - Grinding and polishing machine - Google Patents

Description

NOV. 19, 1940. ZEIsSL 2,222,454

GRINDING AND POLISHING MACHINE Filed July 7, 1936 3 Sheets-Shnet 1 Nov, 19, 1946. F. ZEISSL GRINDING AND POLISHING MACHINE 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Nov, 29, 1940. F, ZE 2,222,454

/ GRINDING AND POLISHING MACHINE Filed July 7, 1956 a Sheets-Sheet s five/liar,

Patented Nov. 19, 1940 warren STATES GRINDING AND POLISHING MACHINE Friedrich Zeissl, iieilbronn-Bocklngen, Germany Application July 7, 1936, Serial No. 89,369

In Germany July 10, 1935 8 Claims.

This invention relates to an improved machine for automatically grinding and polishing especially elongated or extended articles of any material and any shape according to the invention.

This machine is characterized by a two-armed lever or the like oscillatably mounted on a reciprocatable carriage, the workpiece being secured on one arm of this lever so that it is easily removable, whereas at the end of the other arm a guide roller is arranged which runs on an exchangeable stationary template corresponding to the mean longitudinal section of the workpiece in being exposed to the influence of a spring or weight. Thus, the workpiece is moved in longitudinal direction under uniform pressure along a soft rotating grinding disc according to its protrusions and recesses. The workpiece carrier can be shifted besides in longitudinal direction laterally transversely to the workpiece and,

29 if necessary, it can also be turned'after every longitudinal movement so that the workpieces can be moved uniformly past the disc according to their shape and thus mechanically and autogg matically ground.

With this device the workpiece can be brushed on its entire surface by the grinding disc during a predetermined number of reciprocating movements. By employing a special grinding medium 8d and fibre brushes under moderate grinding pressure which is necessary for preserving the edges and ornamentations, it is possible with this machine for the workpieces to be subjected to sufficient grinding force to remove from the surface thereof stamping burrs, milling marks and dirt.

The machine is extremely simple and cheap to produce and is an equivalent substitute for the complicated and tedious manual labour and also for the expensive special grinding machine, without possessing the disadvantages of the 'former manufacturing methods.

An embodiment of the invention is illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawings in which:

Fig. 1 shows the device in elevation, partly in section.

Fig. 2 is a similar view of a modified form of construction.

50 Fig. 3 shows a third form of construction.

Figure 4 is a side-view of a workpiece, Figure 4a is a plan of the same, and Figure 5 is an end-view thereof.

Fig. 6 is a modified construction of the device 55 illustrated in F18. 1.

. of soft and resilient material.

tion in general and of this constructional form in. i0

particular, that the workpiece t is to be moved in three directions, viz. horizontally, vertically,

and in a curve, the plane of which stands perpendicularly with respect to the plane of the drawing. to

Referring now to the drawings, and first to Fig. 1, a slide l is mounted to reciprocate along a suitable guide, not shown, by means such as a crank and a connecting rod, or any other suitable mechanism, not shown, in the direction of the arrow iii-4t. The slide is slotted at 3 for the reception of a block. The slot may be horizontal or inclined, straight or curved, and the block is equipped with a pair of handles i and ii for movb ing it along the slot transversely to the direction indicated by arrow iii-iii. A pivot pin 8 on the block supports a double-armed lever t, l. A workpiece 9 lssecured to the arm T of the lever. The end of the other arm t is equipped with a roller it for cooperation with a template ll against which the roller it is held by a spring it anchored on the handle 50f the block 2. Instead of' the spring, a weight, not shown, may obviously be provided. i2 is a tool which is 35 rotated in the direction of the arrow and may be a polishing or grinding wheel. or a lap made The material must be so soft that it gives way and adapts itself to the irregularities of the workpiece 9 when the 4p workpiece is forced against it.

As the workpiece 9 moves past below the rotating disc l2, the template ll causes the uniform maintenance of the grinding pressure. The template ll corresponds to the actual longitudinal section of the workpiece.

If the guide-slot 3 is curved, the block 2 and the workpiece holder 1, 8 perform a turning movement during the lateral displacement, this. turning movement corresponding to the transverse sectional shape of the workpiece 9 to be ground and polished. The lateral displacement of the block 2 is effected by the handles 4, 5 at the end of each stroke of the slide I so that the whole transverse section of the workpiece has come into con- 2 I 4 -2,a22,4s4

' past the disc under uniform grinding pressure according to the actual longitudinal section.

Referring now to Fig. 2, the block 2 and the slot 3 in the slide l are dispensed with and the pivot 8 of the double-armed lever 6 is secured to the slide. The double-armed lever is divided and the arm I? which supports the workpiece 9 is mounted to turn in a boss of the arm 6, and is turned by a pair of levers l8 and i9. Spring it is anchored to the slide i. A workpiece holder is secured to the free end of the arm I! and is crooked so that the projections and recesses of the workpiece are situated on the average in the extension of the axis of the arm l'i. Workpieces, as shown in Figs. 4, 4a and 5 whose crosssection varies but slightly in the longitudinal direction of the workpiece, are ground on the ma-.

chine illustrated in Fig. 2.

Referring now to Fig. 3, this machine is sub- 'sta ntially similar to the one illustrated in Fig. 2 but is equipped with a pair of grinding or polishing discs I2 and 30 for tooling both sides of the workpiece 9 at a time. The workpiece is inserted in a fork-shaped holder atthe free end of the arm il which-exposes both sides of .the workpiece to the tools. 5

Fig. 6 shows a construction similar to f.hat'of Fig. 3 but simplified by dispensing with the levers i8, i9 and securing the arm 25 in the boss of the 1 4 arm 6. 1 The grinding spindle I2 is stationary or its shaft 2| is mounted in a bearing block 26 which is fulcrumed at 22, as shown in Fig. '7. The turn- Y mentr Figs. 8 and 10.- The grinding disc I2 is inclined to the workpiece 9 in these positions. Thus, .an intensive working of the sides of the workpiece will also be attained when the shape thereof deviates considerably from the lon itudinal contour in the middle, as the inclined disc runs more easily into the cavities in the work piece. The top plan views of Figs. 8, 9 and 10 show the working 'of the left side, of the middle and of the right side respectively. The construction illustrated in Fig. 11 corresponds to that of Fig. 2 and, if two grinding wheels i2 and 20 are used, to that of Fig. 3. The

I carriage I is reciprocated on the carriage guide 21 by a connecting rod 29 and crank disc '28. The pivot pin 8 is journalled in the slide I and carriers on one end the lever 8 and on its other end the arm IT. The arm I! is'oscillatable in an'intermediate bearing 45 about a pin 36 at right'angles' .70 to the pin 8. The lever 6 carries at its extremity the roller it which rolls on the template ll being continually under the influence of the spring IS, with the result that during the. reciprocating movement of the slide I, the pin 8 carries out a .76 swinging movement according to the shapeo! the template. movement is transmitted to the arm I! by the intermediate bearing 45 fixed on the pin 8 and by the longitudinal pin 35. The

workpiece 9 which always corresponds to the template H is fixed on the arm I I so that it can 5 easily be removed. An angle-shaped stop 48 is adjustably fixed at one end of the arm i1. whereas a sliding stop 48 is fitted onthe other end and can he slid up to the workpiece and fixed by means of a screw provided with a handle. Two bearings 39 and 49 are connected to the slide guide 2! and a shaft 36 is oscillatably mounted therein. The shaft 36 receives its movement from a cam, not shown, through the intermediary of a 15 lever M and rod 42. A lever 81 is slidable but 'not rotatable on the shaft 35 and is connected by a rod 38 to the lever is on the longitudinal pin 85. The slide i has an arm 63 whose outer end is constructed as a fork lid which slides on 20 the shaft 38 and loosely holds the leverfi'i.

During thereciprocation of the slide i the lever 3'! in the fork M of the arm 43 is also reciprocated, with the result that the lever 37 is longitudinally-shifted and the rotation of the shaft 36 is transmitted by the rod 38 to the lever IS, the longitudinal pin 35 and the arm IT, with the result that the workpiece 9 carries out not only a longitudinal movement but at'the same time also a turning movement. By this movement the 7 whole surface of the workpiece 9 is acted upon by the grinding wheel in the course of a number of reciprocating movements. The grinding wheel is rotatably mounted stationary above the workpiece in a bearing 46, which is connected to the machine frame 33. A pulley 41 for the grinding wheel lz, and the disc 28 and rod it maybe driven from a driving shaft.

The machine frame 33 carries a bearing 3! in which a pin 3t is fitted about which the slide 5" guide 21 is oscillatable at one end. At its other end the slide guide 21 has on its under side a vertical screw spindle 32 rotatable by means of a hand wheel 35. The machine frame 33 has a screw thread corresponding to that of the spindle so that by turning the hand wheel 34 the slide guide 31 and consequently the parts connected therewith, that is the slide i'with the arm or workpiece holder I! can be adjusted relatively 5. .to the grinding wheel l2. Thus the workpiece can be approached towards or moved away from the grinding wheel as may be rendered necessary by wear of the grinding wheel or the fitting I of a smaller or larger grinding wheel. As in the case of hand work. grinding discs made of soft leather. felt or fabric are employed or brushes made of flbre or the like. A mixture of approximately 'equal quantities of powdered pumices, tripoli and emery powder and oil or 9 water is used as grinding and polishing medium.- I For working articles produced in large. quan-' tities it is advisable to combine a number of grinding devices to form an aggregate and driven by a common drive. ,The predetermined number of reciprocations is controlled by a curved guide and clutch so thateach device, after having performed" its prescribed movements, stops as long as is necessary for re-setting a workpiece. The control preferably takes place so that periodically the devices are stopped, that actually only one is stopped for re-setting, whereas the others continue to work so that's. high performance is attained. 15

holder for a workpiece, a roll at the outer end of the other arm of said lever, a template below said roll, means for holding said roll in constant engagement with said template and means for moving said carriage for shifting movements of said two-armed lever to position the work holding arm of the lever in grinding and polishing association with said disk. 2. In an automatic machine for grinding and polishing oblong workpieces of varying cross section, a frame structure, at least one rotary tool mounted thereon, a reciprocating slide, a twoarmed lever pivotally mounted intermediate its ends on said slide, a template which is an exact reproduction of the longitudinal section of the workpiece to be acted upon and of the same length thereof mounted on the frame structure, means for holding one arm of said lever against the template, the other arm of said two-armed lever being pivotally mounted at its inner end on a pin, the axis of which'is at right angles to the axis of the two armed lever pivot, said lastnamed lever arm being in proximity of said tool and adapted to hold a workpiece, means for reciprocating said slide and two-armed lever and means for moving the workpiece holding arm of said lever in a direction at right angles to the 40 longitudinal movement thereof.

3. In an automatic machine for grinding and polishing oblong workpieces of varying cross section, a frame structure, at least one rotary tool mounted thereon, a reciprocating slide mounted on the frame structure, means for reciprocating said slide, there being-a slot in said reciprocating slide, the axis of which is at right angles to the direction of movement of said slide, a slide member mounted in said slot, ineansltor reciprocatin'g said slide member in said slot during reciprocable movement of said reciprocating slide,

including a two-armed lever fulcrumed on said slide member, a template which is an exact reproduction of the longitudinal section of a workpiece to be acted upon and of the same length thereof mounted on the frame structure, means for holding one arm of said lever against said template, the other arm of said lever being in proximity of said tool and a workpiece support 00 on the last named leverarm.

4. In an automatic machine for grinding and of the same length thereof mounted on the frame structure, means for holding one arm of said lever against the template, the other arm of said lever being in proximity of said tool and being oscillatably supported at its fulcrumed point on the slide, means for oscillating said arm in timed relation-to the reciprocating movements of said slide and a workpiece support on said oscillatable arm.

5. In an automatic machine for grinding and polishing oblong workpieces of varying cross section, a frame structure, two rotary tools, a reciprocating slide on the frame structure, means for reciprocating said slide, a two-armed lever fulcrumed on said slide, a template which is an exact reproduction of the longitudinal section of the workpiece to be acted upon and of the same length thereof mounted on the frame structure, means for holding one arm of said lever against the template, a workpiece support on the other arm of said lever adapted to grip one end of the workpiece to be acted upon and move it between said tools during reciprocation of said slide, the workpiece holding arm having an oscillatable mounting at its fulcrum connection with said slide and means for oscillating said work holding arm in timed relation to the reciprocating movement of said slide.

6. A machine for grinding and polishing oblong workpieces as set forth in claim 5, characterized by a bearing block carrying said tool and adapted to be oscillated in a horizontal plane to adjust the tool to the varying cross-sectional shapes of workpieces presented thereto.

7. In an automatic grinding and polishing machine of the class described, a frame structure, a slide mounted thereon, means for reciprocating said slide, a rotatable bearing in said slide having its longitudinal axis at right angles to the direction of movement of said slide, a lever arm 'carried by one end of said bearing, a template on the frame structure, means for holding said arm in constant engagement therewith during reciprocatory movements of said slide, a work-holding lever arm pivotally mounted at its inner end to the other end of said bearing on an axis at right angles to theaxis of said bearing and means for effecting pivotal movements of the workpiece holding arm in timed relation and a rotary tool mounted on the frame structure in proximity of said work-holding arm.

8. In an automatic, grinding and polishing ma chine, a frame, a soft grinding and polishing disk mounted on said frame, a carriage movable on the frame, an axle on the carriage, a two-armed lever journaled between its ends on said axle, a roller at the free end of one arm, a template plate on the frame engaged by said roller during movements of said carriage, a pivotal connection between the other arm of the two-armed lever and said axle, a workpiece adapted to be supported on the pivotally mounted arm of said two-armed lever for engagement by said grinding and polishing disk, means for moving the carriage and independent means for pivotally moving the work supporting arm of said two-armed lever.

RICH

Aim;

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